By Kyle J. Norton
Health article writer and researcher; Over 10.000 articles and research papers have been written and published on line, including world wide health, ezine articles, article base, healthblogs, selfgrowth, best before it's news, the karate GB daily, etc.,.
Named TOP 50 MEDICAL ESSAYS FOR ARTISTS & AUTHORS TO READ by Disilgold.com Named 50 of the best health Tweeters Canada - Huffington Post
Nominated for shorty award over last 4 years
Some articles have been used as references in medical research, such as international journal Pharma and Bio science, ISSN 0975-6299.
Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome
Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome is defined as endocrinologic diseases among reproductive-age women caused by undeveloped follicles clumping on the ovaries that interferes with the function of the normal ovaries associated with a high risk for metabolic disorder(1) as resulting of enlarged ovaries(2), leading to hormone imbalance(excessive androgen and anti-müllerian hormone (AMH) )(1)(3)(4)(5), induced Hirsutism(6)(7), reproductive disorder(10(12)), risks of type 2 diabetes(9)(10)(11), metabolic syndrome(10)(12) and early cardiovasular disease(8)(13), acne(10)(14), endometrial cancer(18)(19),weight gain and obesity(15)(16)(17). The syndrome effects over 5% of women population or 1 in 20 women. Unfortunately, according to studies, women with PCOs after the reproductive age, are associated to continuously increase risk of type II diabetes, with no increasing altered glucose tolerance(20), CVD and hypertension(21).
In Traditional Chinese Medicine Perspective
While conventional medicine focus of using synthetic medication to induce ovulation and assisted artificial insemination for infertility couple, if the medicine fail, traditional Chinese medicine views polycystic ovarian syndrome in different approaches. Polycystic ovary syndrome, according to traditional Chinese medicine is a medical condition characterized by accumulative of fluid over a prolonged period of time causes of dampness and phlegms(1247a)(1247b) build up on the ovaries due to the effects of vary differentiations, affecting not only the women’s menstrual cycle, but also ovulation and fertility(1247a)(1247b).
PCOs Treatment according traditional Chinese medicine
Depending to differentiation, most common diagnosis of polycystic ovary syndrome can be classified into
Spleen yang deficiency
Spleen yang deficiency is a serve form of spleen qi deficiency, characterized by a condition of inability of spleen in distribution of fluid and nutrient to the body organs, in removal and descend the turbids(2072), causing malfunctions functions of the organs and fluid retention. Prolong period of spleen yang deficiency may induce the development of phlegm, including women with PCOs.
Women with PCOs diagnosed by spleen yang deficiency may also experience yang vacuity impelled cold expression of additional symptoms of abdominal pain(2074), lack of appetite(2076), fatigue(2075), lightheadedness(2075) and headache(2075), weakness of the four limbs(2077), diarrhea(2073)(2076), chilliness(2077), edema(2074), pale, swollen, wet tongue(2076) and weak, slow, deep pulse(2072),....
In the review of the Data base provided by PubMed, spleen qi deficiency may alter certain metabolic pathways, such as the energy, protein, and glycolytic metabolisms(2078), body weight and motor behavior(2079), skeletal muscle function(3080), blood glucose, lipid metabolism and fat-islet axie.(2081),.....
TCM Herbal Medicine recommended for Treatment of PCOs induced by spleen yang deficiency
3. Huang qi (Astragalus, Astragalus membranaceus)(1045)
(See The Insulin resistance improvement and/or anti metabolic syndrome herbs for more information)
Huang Qi or Bei Qi is also known as Astragalus root. The sweet herb has been used as diuretic agent and to lower blood pressure(2264)(2265) and increase blood pressure in high dose(1045), lessen proteinuria(2266)(2267), improve endurance(2268)(2269), protect liver against diseases(2270)(2271)(2272) and renal diseases(2273)(2274)(2275),........ as it tonifies qi, raises yang, strengthens the defensive-qi and the exterior, expels toxins, etc.,...... by enhancing the functions of lung and spleen channels(1045).
Chemical constituents
1. Astragaloside I,
2. Astragaloside II,
3. Daucosterol,
3. Beta-sitosterol,
4. Palmitic acid
5. Astragalus saponin A,B,C
6. Astramenbrangenin
7. Kumatakenin,
8. Choline,
9. Betaine,
10. Folic acid
11. Calyxosin,
12. Formononetin,
13. Cycloastragenol,
14. Astragaloside III,IV
15. Antibacterial ingredient,
16. L-3-hydroxy-9-methoxpterocarpan
17. Etc.(1045)
Epidemiological studies showed that astragalus polysaccharides (APS) ameliorates insulin resistance(1046)(1047) (IR) in rat cells and to elucidate the associated mechanisms, including increasing adiponectin secretion and reducing IL-6 secretion(1046), decreasing myostatin expression(1047), improving beta cell function(1049), regulating insulin signalling in insulin-resistant skeletal muscle(1047)(1048). insulin resistance related mRNA expression(1049), etc.
In metabolic syndrome, including increased body weight(1050), mild hypertension(1050), hyper insulinemia(1050), hyper triglyceridemia(1050), impaired glucose tolerance(1050)(1053) and impaired endothelium-dependent vasorelaxation(1050)(1051)(1052), astragaloside IV, a major constituent found in astragalus showed effectively in ameliorating metabolic syndrome(1050)(1052), probably through its antioxidant(1051), inhibition of abnormal TNF-alpha-induced intracellular free Ca(2+) accumulation in endothelial cells(1052), decreasing the elevated expression and activity in the skeletal muscles(1053).
On obesity, triterpene aglycone derived from Radix astragali and the whole herb alleviated obesity, through regulating intracellular calcium(2276), improving impaired endothelial dysfunction(2277) respectively.
On complications of diabetes, astragalus polysaccharides may be the next generation extract for treatment of diabetes due to its effects on correcting the imbalance between the Th1/Th2(T lymphocyte) cytokines(2278), downregulating ROS-ERK-NF-κB pathway(2279) and antioxidant activity(2280)
and on cardiovascular disease, astragalus polysaccharide (APS), astragaloside IV and total flavone of astragalus (TFA) attenuated Iso-induced cardiac hypertrophy(2281)(2282) and cardiac inflammation(2282), ischemia/reperfusion injury(2283) respectively trough vary mechanisms
Chemical constituents
1. Astragaloside I,
2. Astragaloside II,
3. Daucosterol,
3. Beta-sitosterol,
4. Palmitic acid
5. Astragalus saponin A,B,C
6. Astramenbrangenin
7. Kumatakenin,
8. Choline,
9. Betaine,
10. Folic acid
11. Calyxosin,
12. Formononetin,
13. Cycloastragenol,
14. Astragaloside III,IV
15. Antibacterial ingredient,
16. L-3-hydroxy-9-methoxpterocarpan
17. Etc.(1045)
Epidemiological studies showed that astragalus polysaccharides (APS) ameliorates insulin resistance(1046)(1047) (IR) in rat cells and to elucidate the associated mechanisms, including increasing adiponectin secretion and reducing IL-6 secretion(1046), decreasing myostatin expression(1047), improving beta cell function(1049), regulating insulin signalling in insulin-resistant skeletal muscle(1047)(1048). insulin resistance related mRNA expression(1049), etc.
In metabolic syndrome, including increased body weight(1050), mild hypertension(1050), hyper insulinemia(1050), hyper triglyceridemia(1050), impaired glucose tolerance(1050)(1053) and impaired endothelium-dependent vasorelaxation(1050)(1051)(1052), astragaloside IV, a major constituent found in astragalus showed effectively in ameliorating metabolic syndrome(1050)(1052), probably through its antioxidant(1051), inhibition of abnormal TNF-alpha-induced intracellular free Ca(2+) accumulation in endothelial cells(1052), decreasing the elevated expression and activity in the skeletal muscles(1053).
On obesity, triterpene aglycone derived from Radix astragali and the whole herb alleviated obesity, through regulating intracellular calcium(2276), improving impaired endothelial dysfunction(2277) respectively.
On complications of diabetes, astragalus polysaccharides may be the next generation extract for treatment of diabetes due to its effects on correcting the imbalance between the Th1/Th2(T lymphocyte) cytokines(2278), downregulating ROS-ERK-NF-κB pathway(2279) and antioxidant activity(2280)
and on cardiovascular disease, astragalus polysaccharide (APS), astragaloside IV and total flavone of astragalus (TFA) attenuated Iso-induced cardiac hypertrophy(2281)(2282) and cardiac inflammation(2282), ischemia/reperfusion injury(2283) respectively trough vary mechanisms
Ovarian Cysts And PCOS Elimination
Holistic System In Existence That Will Show You How To
Permanently Eliminate All Types of Ovarian Cysts Within 2 Months
References
(1) Adiposity and metabolic dysfunction in polycystic ovary syndrome by Sam S.(PubMed)
(2) A "kiss" before conception: triggering ovulation with kisspeptin-54 may improve IVF by Young SL.(PubMed)
(3.) Androgen hyperfunction and excessive heterosexual hair growth in women, with special attention to the polycystic ovarian syndrome by Lunde O1.(PubMed)
(4) Expression of anti-Müllerian hormone in letrozole rat model of polycystic ovary syndrome by Du DF1, Li XL, Fang F, Du MR.(PubMed)
(5) [Serum levels of anti-muller hormone in women with polycystic ovary syndrome and healthy women of reproductive age].[Article in Bulgarian] by Parahuleva N, Pehlivanov B, Orbecova M, Deneva T, Uchikova E.(PubMed)
(6) [Current opinions on the etiology and pathophysiology of hirsutism].[Article in Polish] by Krysiak R1, Kedzia A, Okopień B.(PubMed)
(7) The clinical evaluation of hirsutism by Somani N1, Harrison S, Bergfeld WF.(PubMed)
(8) Polycystic ovary syndrome and insulin: our understanding in the past, present and future by Mayer SB1, Evans WS, Nestler JE.(PubMed)
(9) Association of mean platelet volume with androgens and insulin resistance in nonobese patients with polycystic ovary syndrome by Dogan BA1, Arduc A2, Tuna MM1, Karakılıc E1, Dagdelen I1, Tutuncu Y1, Berker D1, Guler S1.(PubMed)
(10) Approach to the patient: contraception in women with polycystic ovary syndrome by Yildiz BO1.(PubMed)
(11) Polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS): a significant contributor to the overall burden of type 2 diabetes in women by Talbott EO1, Zborowski JV, Rager JR, Kip KE, Xu X, Orchard TJ.(PubMed)
(12) Prevalence of vitamin D deficiency in Slovak women with polycystic ovary syndrome and its relation to metabolic and reproductive abnormalities by Figurová J1, Dravecká I, Javorský M, Petríková J, Lazúrová I.(PubMed)
(13) Role of Insulin Sensitizers on Cardiovascular Risk Factors in Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome: A Meta-Analysis by Thethi TK1, Katalenich B2, Nagireddy P3, Chabbra P4, Kuhadiya N5, Fonseca V1.(PubMed)
(14) Acne in hirsute women by Lumezi BG1, Pupovci HL1, Berisha VL1, Goçi AU2, Gerqari A3.(PubMed)
(15) Obesity and polycystic ovary syndrome by Naderpoor N1, Shorakae S, Joham A, Boyle J, De Courten B, Teede HJ.(PubMed)
(16) Polycystic ovary syndrome: a complex condition with psychological, reproductive and metabolic manifestations that impacts on health across the lifespan by Teede H1, Deeks A, Moran L.(PubMed)
(17) Metabolic Evidence of Diminished Lipid Oxidation in Women WithPolycystic Ovary Syndrome. by Whigham LD1, Butz DE2, Dashti H3, Tonelli M3, Johnson LK1, Cook ME2, Porter WP4, Eghbalnia HR5, Markley JL6, Lindheim SR7, Schoeller DA8, Abbott DH9, Assadi-Porter FM10.(PubMed)
(18) Risk of endometrial, ovarian and breast cancer in women with polycystic ovary syndrome: a systematic review and meta-analysis by Barry JA1, Azizia MM1, Hardiman PJ2.(PubMed)
(19) Risk of cancer among women with polycystic ovary syndrome: a Danish cohort study by Gottschau M1, Kjaer SK2, Jensen A1, Munk C1, Mellemkjaer L3.(PubMed)
(20) Polycystic ovary syndrome: metabolic consequences and long-term management by Carmina E1.(PubMed)
(21) Arterial stiffness is increased in asymptomatic nondiabetic postmenopausal women with a polycystic ovary syndrome phenotype by Armeni E1, Stamatelopoulos K, Rizos D, Georgiopoulos G, Kazani M, Kazani A, Kolyviras A, Stellos K, Panoulis K, Alexandrou A, Creatsa M, Papamichael C, Lambrinoudaki I.(PubMed)
(1246) [Clinical study of area of Jiangsu province of polycystic ovarian syndrome correlation distribution of traditional Chinese medicine syndrome type and improper diet]. [Article in Chinese] by Feng Y, Gao YP.(PubMed)
(1247) [Preliminary study on relationship of disease-syndrome-symptom of ovulatory disorder infertility based on factor analysis]. [Article in Chinese] by Li M, Ma K, Shan, J.(PubMed)
(1247a) A Comprehensive Treatment of Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome (PCOS) bny by Liqin Zhao
(2072) Spleen, Earth
(2073) [Research on building method of spleen kidney Yang deficiency diarrhea rats model]. [Article in Chinese] by Pan X, Hu CJ, Geng YY, Zhao L, Wu WH, Wu XQ, Zhong ZD.(PubMed)
(2074) Treatment of an elderly patient with acute abdominal pain with traditional Korean medicine by Son CG1.(PubMed)
(2075) Shenzhu Tiaopi granule combined with lifestyle intervention therapy for impaired glucose tolerance: a randomized controlled trial by Fang Z1, Zhao J2, Shi G3, Shu Y3, Ni Y3, Wang H3, Ding L3, Lu R3, Li J3, Zhu X3, Cheng S4, Zhang X3, Liu Y5, Wang J6, Luo Y3, Fan Q3, Guo C3, Jiang T3, Wu Q3, Fan L3, Ling H3, Cui L3, Luo Y3, Yang H3, Anderson RM7.(PubMed)
(2075) Direct moxibustion to treat spleen qi and yang deficiency fatigue: a pilot study by Thorne TL1, Hanes DA2, Wild H3, Colbert A4.(PubMed)
(2076) [Clinical observation on fuzhong (supporting the middle-jiao) manipulation of tuina for infantile anorexia]. [Article in Chinese] by Wang YY, Liu XY.(PubMed)
(2077) [Effect of umbilicus moxibustion therapy on physical conditions of yang-deficiency volunteers]. [Article in Chinese] by Zhang YY1.(PubMed)
(2078) Analysis of the restorative effect of Bu-zhong-yi-qi-tang in the spleen-qi deficiency rat model using (1)H-NMR-based metabonomics by Zheng XF1, Tian JS2, Liu P3, Xing J1, Qin XM1.(PubMed)
(2079) [1H NMR based metabolomics study of bu-zhong-yi-qi-tang in the spleen-qi deficiency rat model]. [Article in Chinese] by Chen L, Xiang H, Xing J, Tian JS, Qin XM, Du GH.(PubMed)
(2080) Bufei Jianpi granules improve skeletal muscle and mitochondrial dysfunction in rats with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease by Dong Y1,2, Li Y3,4,5, Sun Y6, Mao J7, Yao F8, Tian Y9, Wang L10, Li L11, Li S12,13,14, Li J15,16,17(PubMed)
(2081) [Clinical observation on obesity and hyperlipidemia of liver qi stagnation and spleen deficiency pattern in female patients treated with combined therapy of acupuncture and tapping method]. [Article in Chinese] by Wu B, Liu ZC, Xu B.(PubMed)
(2264) Anti-hypertensive effects of shichimotsukokato in 5/6 nephrectomized Wistar rats mediated by the DDAH-ADMA-NO pathway by Bai F1, Makino T, Ono T, Mizukami H.(PubMed)
(2265) [Effects of Salviae miltiorrhizae and salvianolic acid B on microcirculation of liver in mice with portal hypertension]. [Article in Chinese] by Tian T1, Xu LM.(PubMed)
(2266) Astragaloside IV attenuates proteinuria in streptozotocin-induced diabetic nephropathy via the inhibition of endoplasmic reticulum stress by Wang ZS1, Xiong F2, Xie XH3, Chen D4, Pan JH5, Cheng L6.(PubMed)
(2267) [Changes in proteinuria, renal function and immunity after treatment with injections of a solution of Astragalus membranaceus]. [Article in Chinese] by Dong DC, Zhou LF, Chen JX.(PubMed)
(2268) Astragalus membranaceus improves exercise performance and ameliorates exercise-induced fatigue in trained mice by Yeh TS1, Chuang HL2, Huang WC3, Chen YM4, Huang CC5, Hsu MC6.(PubMed)
(2269) Astragalus membranaceus flavonoids (AMF) ameliorate chronic fatigue syndrome induced by food intake restriction plus forced swimming by Kuo YH1, Tsai WJ, Loke SH, Wu TS, Chiou WF.(PubMed)
(2270) Protective effect of extract from Paeonia lactiflora and Astragalus membranaceus against liver injury induced by bacillus Calmette-Guérin and lipopolysaccharide in mice by Sun WY1, Wei W, Gui SY, Wu L, Wang H.(PubMed)
(2271) Effects and mechanisms of extract from Paeonia lactiflora and Astragalus membranaceus on liver fibrosis induced by carbon tetrachloride in rats by Sun WY1, Wei W, Wu L, Gui SY, Wang H.(PubMed)
(2272) Compound Astragalus and Salvia miltiorrhiza extracts modulate MAPK-regulated TGF-β/Smad signaling in hepatocellular carcinoma by multi-target mechanism by Boye A1, Wu C1, Jiang Y1, Wang J1, Wu J1, Yang X1, Yang Y2.(PubMed)
(2273) Astragalus (a traditional Chinese medicine) for treating chronic kidney disease by Zhang HW1, Lin ZX, Xu C, Leung C, Chan LS.(PubMed)
(2274) Effects of an astragalus polysaccharide and rhein combination on apoptosis in rats with chronic renal failure. by Lian Y1, Xie L1, Chen M2, Chen L3.(PubMed)
(2275) [Therapeutic effect of Astragalus and Angelica mixture on the renal function and TCM syndrome factors in treating stage 3 and 4 chronic kidney disease patients]. [Article in Chinese] by Li S, Yin XX, Su T, Cao C, Li X, Rao XR, Li X.(PubMed)
(2276) Cycloastragenol, a triterpene aglycone derived from Radix astragali, suppresses the accumulation of cytoplasmic lipid droplet in 3T3-L1 adipocytes by Wang S1, Zhai C1, Liu Q1, Wang X1, Ren Z1, Zhang Y1, Zhang Y1, Wu Q2, Sun S2, Li S3, Qiao Y4.(PubMed)
(2277) [Radix Astragali improves impaired endothelial dependent vasodilation in obese rat]. [Article in Chinese] by Deng G1, Yu YR.(PubMed)
(2278) Astragalus polysaccharides: an effective treatment for diabetes prevention in NOD mice by Chen W1, Li Y-, Yu M-.(PubMed)
(2279) Astragalus polysaccharide suppresses skeletal muscle myostatin expression in diabetes: involvement of ROS-ERK and NF-κB pathways by Liu M1, Qin J2, Hao Y3, Liu M4, Luo J5, Luo T4, Wei L6.(PubMed)
(2280) [Clinical evaluation of the antioxidant activity of astragalus in women with gestational diabetes]. [Article in Chinese] by Liang HY1, Hou F, Ding YL, Zhang WN, Huang XH, Zhang BY, Liu Y.(PubMed)
(2281) Astragalus polysaccharide attenuates isoproterenol-induced cardiac hypertrophy by regulating TNF-α/PGC-1α signaling mediated energy biosynthesis by Luan A1, Tang F2, Yang Y2, Lu M2, Wang H3, Zhang Y4.(PubMed)
(2282) Astragaloside IV protects against isoproterenol-induced cardiac hypertrophy by regulating NF-κB/PGC-1α signaling mediated energy biosynthesis by Zhang S1, Tang F1, Yang Y1, Lu M1, Luan A1, Zhang J1, Yang J1, Wang H1.(PubMed)
(2283) [Effects of astragalus and its active ingredients on ischemia reperfusion injury in isolated guinea-pig heart]. [Article in Chinese] by Zhang H1, Min D, Fu M, Tian J, Wang Q, An X2.(PubMed)
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