Monday 30 December 2013

Soft drink and juice consumption and risk of physician-diagnosed incident type 2 diabetes

Soft drinks and other sweetened beverages may contribute to risk of type 2 diabetes and obesity. researchers at the University of Minnesota in the examination of the association between soft drinks and juice and the risk of type 2 diabetes among Chinese Singaporeans enrolled in a prospective cohort study of 43,580 participants aged 45-74 years and free of diabetes and other chronic diseases at baseline, indicated that after adjustment for potential lifestyle and dietary confounders, participants consuming > or =2 soft drinks per week had a relative risk of type 2 diabetes of 1.42 (95% confidence interval (CI): 1.25, 1.62) compared with those who rarely consumed soft drinks. Similarly, consumption of > or =2 juice beverages per week was associated with an increased risk (relative risk (RR) = 1.29, 95% CI: 1.05, 1.58). The association was modified by 5-year weight gain for > or =2 soft drinks per week among those who gained > or =3 kg (RR = 1.70, 95% CI: 1.34, 2.16) compared with those who gained less weight (RR = 1.20, 95% CI: 1.03, 1.41)(1).

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(1) "Soft drink and juice consumption and risk of physician-diagnosed incident type 2 diabetes: the Singapore Chinese Health Study" by Odegaard AO, Koh WP, Arakawa K, Yu MC, Pereira MA.

Sugar-sweetened beverages, weight gain, and incidence of type 2 diabetes

In the study to  examine the association between consumption of sugar-sweetened beverages and weight change and risk of type 2 diabetes in women, found that those with stable consumption patterns had no difference in weight gain, but weight gain over a 4-year period was highest among women who increased their sugar-sweetened soft drink consumption from 1 or fewer drinks per week to 1 or more drinks per day (multivariate-adjusted means, 4.69 kg for 1991 to 1995 and 4.20 kg for 1995 to 1999) and was smallest among women who decreased their intake (1.34 and 0.15 kg for the 2 periods, respectively) after adjusting for lifestyle and dietary confounders. Increased consumption of fruit punch was also associated with greater weight gain compared with decreased consumption. After adjustment for potential confounders, women consuming 1 or more sugar-sweetened soft drinks per day had a relative risk [RR] of type 2 diabetes of 1.83 (95% confidence interval [CI], 1.42-2.36; P<.001 for trend) compared with those who consumed less than 1 of these beverages per month. Similarly, consumption of fruit punch was associated with increased diabetes risk (RR for > or =1 drink per day compared with <1 drink per month, 2.00; 95% CI, 1.33-3.03; P =.001).(1).
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(1) "Sugar-sweetened beverages, weight gain, and incidence of type 2 diabetes in young and middle-aged women" by Schulze MB, Manson JE, Ludwig DS, Colditz GA, Stampfer MJ, Willett WC, Hu FB.

Exercise attenuates the weight-loss-induced reduction in muscle mass in frail obese older adults


In the study to evaluate the effect of adding exercise to a hypocaloric diet on changes in appendicular lean mass and strength in frail obese older adults undergoing voluntary weight loss, found that exercise added to diet reduces muscle mass loss during voluntary weight loss and increases muscle strength in frail obese older adults. Regular exercise that incorporates PRT should be used to attenuate muscle mass loss in frail obese older adults on weight-loss therapy(1).

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(1) "Exercise attenuates the weight-loss-induced reduction in muscle mass in frail obese older adults" by Frimel TN, Sinacore DR, Villareal DT.

Exercise but not diet-induced weight loss decreases skeletal muscle inflammatory gene expression

In a study to evaluated 12 wk of exercise (aerobic and resistance) or 12 wk of weight loss (approximately 7% reduction) on skeletal muscle mRNAs for toll-like receptor-4 (TLR-4), mechanogrowth factor (MGF), TNF-alpha, and IL-6 in 16 obese (body mass index 38+/-2 kg/m2) older (69+/-1 yr) physically frail individuals, indicated that exercise but not weight loss had a beneficial effect on markers of muscle inflammation and anabolism in frail obese elderly individuals(1).

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(1) "Exercise but not diet-induced weight loss decreases skeletal muscle inflammatory gene expression in frail obese elderly persons" by Lambert CP, Wright NR, Finck BN, Villareal DT.

Sunday 29 December 2013

Herbal Butcher's broom and Orthostatic hypotension (OH)

Butcher's broom is a low evergreen shrub, a species of Ruscus aculeatus, belonging to the family Asparagaceae, native to Eurasia.It has been used in herbal medicine to treat reduce inflammation, Peripheral vascular disease, Hemorrhoids Bronchial asthma, Varicose veins, Hypotension, Jaundice, functional disorders of the heart, kidney disorder, venotonic and anti-oedematous properties, etc..
Orthostatic hypotension (OH), also known as postural hypotension of which happens when a person stands up from sitting or lying down or in sudden adjustment of body position, the blood pressure falls, and a person may be experience lightheaded or sometime pass out.

The Ingredients
It contains rutin, sitosterol, sparteine, spirostanol saponins, steroidal sapogenins, sterols, stigmasterol, sulfated steroidal saponins, sweet broom, tetracosanoic acid, triterpenes, triterpines, tyramine, etc.

The benefits 
  Orthostatic hypotension (OH) mostly affects the groups of the population with autonomic insufficiency--the elderly; patients with diabetes, Parkinson's disease, and chronic fatigue syndrome; and anyone on drugs that affect the autonomic nervous system. In conventional medicine, most cases of Orthostatic hypotension (OH) are normally treated with fludrocortisone and midodrine in conventional medicine. But in the study of  Butcher's broom and Orthostatic hypotension (OH) by the American University, to evaluate the properties of Ruscus aculeatus, its mechanism of action, and its suitability as a therapeutic agent for treatment of OH, showed that with proven phlebotherapeutic properties, including vasoconstrictive action and venotonic properties, Ruscus aculeatus shows great promise for ameliorating the symptoms of OH and improving the quality of life for large groups in the population without increasing supine blood pressure.

The Side effects
1. Do not use if you are pregnant with out permission of related field specialist, as Sparteine may increase uterine contraction
2. Do not use Butcher's broom if you are taking any form of monoamine oxidaseinhibitor
3. Use as direction and do not overdose
4. Etc.

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Reference
1. Ruscus aculeatus (butcher's broom) as a potential treatment for orthostatic hypotension, with a case report. by Redman DA.(PubMed).

Herbal Burdock and Anti-aging and anti-oxidant Effects

Burdock is plant in the group of biennial thistles, genus Arctium, belonging to the family Asteraceae, native to the Euro. It has been used over thousand of years in Chins and other traditional herbal medicine as a diuretic, diaphoretic, and a blood purifying agent and to treat wounds and infections stomach ulcers and other digestive problems.
A free radical is any atom or molecule that has a single unpaired electron in an outer shell and highly reactive to react with other cell, which in turn, causes oxidative damage to the enzymes, other protein, unsaturated fatty acid, phospho-lipids, DNA and RNA, etc., leading to aging of the organisms, as a result of widespread damage due to set of a chain reaction auto-catalytically after attacking the lipid bilayers of the cell walls.

The ingredients
It contains carbonated water, sugar,, manloid colourings, phosphoric acid, citric acid and a good amount of dietary fiber, calcium, potassium, and amino acids and chemicals compounds of guaianolide, arctinone, arctinal, methyl arctate,11-tridecadien-3,5,7,9-tetraynde-hydrocostus lactone,dehydrodihydrocostus lactone, 3-octenoic acid, 3-hexenoic acid etc.

The health benefits 
Many herbs has been tested in human history to prolong the life span of human being, but so far none of them has achieved the optimal result. In the study to examine the anti-aging effects and mechanism of Niubanggen (Radix Arctii Lappae)by observing the activity of SOD and the content of MDA and lipofuscin in the tissues of the liver, brain and blood serum of the lab rats, indicated that t he mechanism of the anti-aging effects of the Niubanggen is mainly obtained by raising the activity of SOD and reducing the contents of MDA and lipofuscin. On the other hand, researchers found that Phenolic content of burdock has exerted a strong activity in fighting against forming of free radicals and foreign invaders as well as anti-elastase and anti-collagenase in a study of 21 plants of which may contribute to the delay of aging process.

The Side effects
1. Overdose can be poisoning and may lead to symptoms of
acute poisoning include phenothiazines, tricyclic antidepressants, and antihistamines.
2. It may cause dermatitis and allergic/inflammatory responses to certain people with contact as a result of lactones which the plant produces.
3. Do not use burdock if you are pregnant or breast feeding.
4. Etc.

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References
1. An experimental research into the anti-aging effects of Radix Arctii Lappae, by Liu S, Li Y, Li S, Luo M, Liu X.(PubMed)
2. Anti-collagenase, anti-elastase and anti-oxidant activities of extracts from 21 plants.
Thring TS, Hili P, Naughton DP.(PubMed)
3. Anticholinergic Poisonings Associated with Commercial Burdock Root Tea" by
, , and , (Clinical toxicology
4. A review of the pharmacological effects of Arctium lappa (burdock)" by Chan YS, Cheng LN, Wu JH, Chan E, Kwan YW, Lee SM, Leung GP, Yu PH, Chan SW., (PubMed)

Herbal Bearberry and Hypertension

Bear berries are 3 species in the genus Arctostaphylos, belonging to the family Ericaceae, native to the northern North America, Asia and Europe. The herbs have been used in traditional medicine as diuretic agents and to treat urinary problems, including bladder infections, kidney infection, kidney stone, pelvic pain, etc.
Blood pressure is the force of blood pushing against the walls of the arteries as the heart pumps out blood. High blood pressure means raising pressure in your heart.If it stays high over time it can damage the body in many ways.
Blood pressure medications have undoubtedly prevented many deaths from heart disease in the past 30 years, but they have many side effects such as damaging the kidney. If you can control your diet, such as making changes to lifestyle, maintaining ideal weight and diet with low salt, you could do just fine without the drugs.

The Ingredients
It contains arbutin, ursolic acid, tannic acid, gallic acid, some essential oil and resin, hydroquinones tannins,  phenolic glycosides and flavonoids.

The benefits
Many herbs have been used to lower high blood pressure by enhancing the urinary flow in alternative medicine and bear berry is one of them. The leaf of The leaves of Vaccinium arctostaphylos has been used in Iran' folk medicine for the treatment of hypertension. In the the study of the possible hypotensive activity of aqueous extract of Vaccinium arctostaphylos leaves in rat model of two-kidney, one-clip hypertension, a higher dose the extract did have hypotensive activity without changing the heart rate. Other study also indicated that Aqueous extracts of Sambucus nigra and Arctostaphylos uva-ursi and hydroalcohol extracts of Orthosiphon stamineus revealed that they led to an increase in urine flow.

The Side effect
1. Overdoses may cause gastrointestinal discomfort, including cause nausea, vomiting, etc. and fever, chills, severe back pain, ringing in the ears, etc.
2. The herb may interact with other medicine, including diuretic
3. Do not use the herb in new born, children or if you are pregnant or breast feeding without approval from the related field specialist.
4. Etc.


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Use The Revolutionary Findings To Achieve 
Optimal Health And Loose Weight

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Permanently Eliminate All Types of Ovarian Cysts Within 2 Months

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References
1. The effects of aqueous extract of vaccinium arctostaphylos leaves on blood pressure in renal hypertensive rats. by Khalili A, Khosravi MB, Nekooeian AA.(PubMed)
2. Effect of extracts of Orthosiphon stamineus Benth, Hieracium pilosella L., Sambucus nigra L. and Arctostaphylos uva-ursi (L.) Spreng. in rats.

Beaux D, Fleurentin J, Mortier F.(PubMed)