Antioxidant Lycopene Protects Kidney Cells Against Renal Damage

By Kyle J. Norton

The kidneys, a pair of bean-shaped organs on either side of your spine are the second detoxed organ after liver by removing wastes or toxins in the blood come from the normal breakdown of active muscle and from the food you eat.

Kidney damage is a condition caused by the build-up of waste products and excess fluid in the body.

Depending on the stage of kidney damage, patients may experience symptoms of weakness, shortness of breath, lethargy, swelling, and confusion. 

If the kidney can not remove extra potassium from the bloodstream, the condition can lead to abnormal heart rhythms and sudden death.

Kidney diseases can be classified into 2 types
* Acute kidney disease is a sudden episode of kidney failure or kidney damage associated with reduced kidney function in keeping the right balance of fluid in the body, that lasts a few hours or a few days.

* Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a condition of kidney damage, leading to a decreased level of kidney function that lasts more than three months.

Conventionally, most cases of the renal damage caused by toxins are treated with cisplatin often associated with an acute kidney injury. 

On CKD, treatment is totally depending on the causes of the disease including high blood medications, lowering high blood cholesterol and pain relievers.

Dr. Ryoma, the lead scientist in the study "The association between changes in lifestyle behaviors and the incidence of chronic kidney disease (CKD) in middle-aged and older men", wrote, "with respect to habitual moderate exercise and late-night dinner, maintaining an unhealthy lifestyle resulted in a significantly higher odds ratio (OR) for the incidence of CKD".

And, "the lack of habitual moderate exercise, late-night dinner, and bedtime snacking may increase the risk of CKD".

Lycopene is a phytochemical found in tomato in the class of carotenoid, a natural pigment with no vitamin A activity found abundantly in tomatoes and other red fruits and vegetables, such as red carrots, watermelons, and papayas,

Tomatoes provide about 80% of the lycopene in the world diet. In plants, lycopene protects the host against excessive photodamage and perform various functions in photosynthesis.

With an aim to find a potent ingredient for the protection of the kidney function, researchers examined protective effects of lycopene against the toxic effects of Aflatoxin B1(AFB1) exposure in the kidney of experimental rats.

The study included 42 healthy three-month-old male Wistar-Albino rats that were randomly divided into six experimental groups including 7 rats in each, as follows: control group, lycopene (5 mg/kg/day, orally for 15 days) group, AFB1 (0.5 mg/kg/day, orally for 7 days) group, AFB1 (1.5 mg/kg/day, orally for 3 days) group, AFB1 (0.5 mg/kg/day, orally for 7 days) + lycopene (5 mg/kg/day, orally for 15 days) group and AFB1(1.5 mg/kg/day, orally for 3 days) + lycopene (5 mg/kg/day, orally for 15 days) group.

According to the tested analysis, injection of Aflatoxin B1(AFB1) showed a significant effect on the kidney oxidative stress marker observed by the significant increase of malondialdehyde (MDA) levels.

Levels of antioxidant enzymes produced by the host such as glutathione (GSH), glutathione-S-transferase (GST), catalase (CAT), glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px), superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glucose-6-phosphate-dehydrogenase (G6PD) were also decreased in AFB1-rats kidney and heart tissues.

Additonally levels urea, creatinine levels of sodium concentrations in plasma of AFB1 treated rats were also increased substantially.

More precisely, Aflatoxin B1(AFB1) resulted in a significant reduction in the activities of antioxidant enzymes and non-enzymatic antioxidant system in AF treated rats observed by the elevated levels of MDA, compared to the control group.

In other words, Aflatoxin B1(AFB1)  exhibited some parameters associated with kidney damage and injury.

However, all these parameters were significantly inhibited or normalized by the administration of lycopene.

Based on the results, researchers said, " lycopene showed protection against AF induced nephrotoxicity...".

Taken altogether, lycopene found in tomato may be considered supplements for the prevention and treatment of renal damage, pending on the confirmation of the larger sample size and multicenter human study.

Intake of lycopene in the form of supplement should be taken with extreme care to prevent overdose acute liver toxicity.

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Back to Kyle J. Norton Homepage http://kylejnorton.blogspot.ca


Author Biography
Kyle J. Norton (Scholar, Master of Nutrition, All right reserved)
Health article writer and researcher; Over 10.000 articles and research papers have been written and published online, including worldwide health, ezine articles, article base, health blogs, self-growth, best before it's news, the karate GB daily, etc.,.
Named TOP 50 MEDICAL ESSAYS FOR ARTISTS & AUTHORS TO READ by Disilgold.com Named 50 of the best health Tweeters Canada - Huffington Post
Nominated for shorty award over last 4 years
Some articles have been used as references in medical research, such as international journal Pharma and Bioscience, ISSN 0975-6299.

Sources
(1) Lycopene has reduced renal damage histopathologically and biochemically in experimental renal ischemia-reperfusion injury by Kaya C1, Karabulut R1, Turkyilmaz Z1, Sonmez K1, Kulduk G2, Gülbahar Ö3, Köse F1, Basaklar AC. (PubMed)
(2) Aflatoxin B1 induced renal and cardiac damage in rats: Protective effect of lycopene by Yilmaz S1, Kaya E2, Karaca A2, Karatas O. (PubMed)
(3) The association between changes in lifestyle behaviors and the incidence of chronic kidney disease (CKD) in middle-aged and older men by Ryoma Michishitaa, TakuroMatsuda, Shotaro Kawakamid Satoshi Tanaka, Akira Kiyonaga, Hiroaki Tanaka, Natsumi Moritoe, and Yasuki Higaki by (Science Direct) 

Moronic acid, the Antihyperglycemic Antioxidant

By Kyle J. Norton

Antihyperglycemic activity is the process that promotes a hypoglycemic effect against the progression of hyperglycemia.

Oral antihyperglycemic agents are the medications used to lower glucose levels in the blood in the treatment of diabetes mellitus.

Hyperglycemia, a medical condition of abnormally high blood glucose and a hallmark of diabetes, is a major concern, in people with both type 1 and type 2 diabetes.

Most cases of hyperglycemia occurred in patients who do not manage their diabetes properly.

Untreated hyperglycemia has been found to induce ketoacidosis characterized by the symptoms shortness of breath, breath that smells fruity and gastrointestinal discomforts such as nausea, vomiting, and dry mouth.

Ketoacidosis is a life-threatening condition caused by your body's inability to make enough insulin.

Most cases of hyperglycemia can be controlled by the following diabetes guidance.

By eating a healthy diet high in fiber, such as vegetables, fruits, nuts, legumes (beans, peas, and lentils), whole-wheat flour and wheat bran, accompanied by healthy fish, patients with type 1 and 2 diabetes can control their blood glucose without worrying the onset of hyperglycemia.

The most common diseases associated with untreated hyperglycemia are cardiovascular diseases,

nerve damage (neuropathy) and kidney damage (diabetic nephropathy) or kidney failure and damage to the blood vessels of the retina (diabetic retinopathy), potentially leading to blindness.

Moronic acid is a phytochemical in the subclass of Triterpenoid, belonging to the group of Terpenes found in extracted from Rhus javanica, Mistletoe, etc.

On finding a potential phytochemical for the treatment of high blood glucose, researchers examined the effects of Morolic (1) and moronic (2) acids, the main constituents of acetonic extract from Phoradendron reichenbachianum (Loranthaceae), a medicinal plant on hyperglycemia.

On mice induced diabetic model,

* Daily-administered morolic (1) and moronic (2) acids (50 mg/kg) significantly lowered the blood glucose levels at 60% since the first day until the tenth day after treatment than the untreated group (p<0.05).

* Both compounds diminished plasmatic concentration of cholesterol (CHO) and triglycerides (TG), returning them to normal levels (p<0.05).

* Pretreatment with 50 mg/kg of each compound induced significant antihyperglycemic effect after glucose and sucrose loading (2 g/kg) compared with the control group (p<0.05).

* Moreover, in vitro studies showed that compounds 1 and 2 induced inhibition of 11β-HSD 1 associated with hepatic glucose output activity at 10 μM. 

Based on the findings, researchers said, "moronlic and moronic acids have shown sustained antidiabetic and antihyperglycemic action possibly mediated by an insulin sensitization with consequent changes of glucose, cholesterol, and triglycerides, in part mediated by inhibition of 11β-HSD 1".

Taken altogether, moronic acids may be considered supplements for the treatment of hyperglycemia, pending to the confirmation of the larger sample size and multicenter human study.

Intake of tocopherols in the form of supplements should be taken with extreme care to prevent overdose acute liver toxicity.


Natural Medicine for Fatty Liver And Obesity Reversal - The Revolutionary Findings To Achieve Optimal Health And Lose Weight

How To Get Rid Of Eye Floaters 
Contrary To Professionals Prediction, Floaters Can Be Cured Naturally 

Ovarian Cysts And PCOS Elimination
Holistic System In Existence That Will Show You. How-To
Permanently Eliminate All Types of Ovarian Cysts Within 2 Months

Back to Kyle J. Norton Homepage http://kylejnorton.blogspot.ca


Author Biography
Kyle J. Norton (Scholar, Master of Nutrition, All right reserved)
Health article writer and researcher; Over 10.000 articles and research papers have been written and published online, including worldwide health, ezine articles, article base, health blogs, self-growth, best before it's news, the karate GB daily, etc.,.
Named TOP 50 MEDICAL ESSAYS FOR ARTISTS & AUTHORS TO READ by Disilgold.com Named 50 of the best health Tweeters Canada - Huffington Post
Nominated for shorty award over last 4 years
Some articles have been used as references in medical research, such as international journal Pharma and Bioscience, ISSN 0975-6299.

Sources
(1) Antihyperglycemic and sub-chronic antidiabetic actions of morolic and moronic acids, in vitro and in silico inhibition of 11β-HSD  by Ramírez-Espinosa JJ1, García-Jiménez S, Rios MY, Medina-Franco JL, López-Vallejo F, Webster SP, Binnie M, Ibarra-Barajas M, Ortiz-Andrade R, Estrada-Soto S. (PubMed)

Beta-Sitosterol Reduces Cholesterol Levels in Patients with cystic fibrosis

By Kyle J. Norton

Cholesterol is a waxy substance that is produced either by the liver or injected from animal food sources.

Cholesterol found in our body is needed for our body to build cell walls, hormones, and vitamin D, and create bile salts that aid digestion. However, too much of them, in most cases due to the intake of animal protein can cause plaques built up on the arterial wall, the major cause of heart disease and stroke.

More precisely, if levels of low-density lipoprotein are high compared to high-density lipoprotein which returns the accessed cholesterol back to the liver, you have high blood cholesterol.

In other words, healthy blood cholesterol is any level with either less than or equal to 4 (low-density lipoprotein/ 1 (high-density lipoprotein).

According to the statistics, in 2015-2016, by age and gender, a total of 12.4 percent of adults aged 20 years and over had high cholesterol in the United States.

The ideal blood cholesterol is less than 4 (levels of LDL)/ 1(levels of HDL).

Low-density lipoprotein is needed for our body to build cell walls, make hormones and vitamin D, and create bile salts that help to digest fat. However, overexpression of LDL can induce plaque accumulated on the arterial wall, leading to atherosclerosis, a major cause of cardiovascular disease.

Low-density lipoprotein is produced by the liver or from the dietary sources. High-density lipoprotein neutralizes the levels LDL by returning them to the liver.

Some researchers suggested that Diet high in trans fats, saturated fat, sugar, smoking, medical conditions such as diabetes or high blood pressure are associated with the increased risk of high blood cholesterol.

Cystic fibrosis (CF) is the most common fatal genetic disease affecting mostly the lung in children and young adults, leading to difficulty breathing and coughing up mucus due to frequent lung infections.

However, the condition has also been found in the pancreas, liver, kidneys, and intestine.
According to the Cystic Fibrosis Foundation Patient Registry, more than 30,000 people are living with cystic fibrosis in the US.

Believe it or not, most cases of CF are diagnosed by age 2.

Beta-Sitosterol is a phytochemical in the class of Phytosterols, belongings to the group of Lipids, found abundantly in avocados, rice bran, wheat germ, corn oils, fennel, peanuts, soybeans, hawthorn, basil, buckwheat. etc.

On finding a potential phytochemical for the prevention and treatment of diseases associated with hyper cholesterol, researchers elucidated the β-sitosterol effects in the plasma of patients with cystic fibrosis (CF).

The study included the plasma of 26 patients with CF and 33 unaffected controls that are treated by β-sitosterol and campesterol, using gas chromatography (GC-FID and GC-MS) assays.

Before the administration of β-sitosterol,  the plasma level of cholesterol is higher in patients with CF compared to control subjects.

* Furthermore, plasma cholesterol treated by β-sitosterol was significantly lower in CF patients, compared to control.

* Moreover, β-sitosterol prevent the impaired intestinal absorption of exogenous sterols in patients with CF that stimulates the endogenous synthesis of cholesterol, without affecting the total cholesterol in plasma.

In other words, cystic fibrosis induced transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR) dysfunction reduces cholesterol blood excretion causing the accumulation of cholesterol in liver cells and in other tissues that CF chronic inflammation.

Taken altogether, beta-Sitosterol may be considered a supplement for the prevention and treatment of hyper cholesterol in patients with CF, pending to the confirmation of the larger sample size and multicenter human study.

Intake of beta-Sitosterol in the form of supplements should be taken with extreme care to prevent overdose acute liver toxicity.


Natural Medicine for Fatty Liver And Obesity Reversal - The Revolutionary Findings To Achieve Optimal Health And Lose Weight

How To Get Rid Of Eye Floaters 
Contrary To Professionals Prediction, Floaters Can Be Cured Naturally 

Ovarian Cysts And PCOS Elimination
Holistic System In Existence That Will Show You. How-To
Permanently Eliminate All Types of Ovarian Cysts Within 2 Months

Back to Kyle J. Norton Homepage http://kylejnorton.blogspot.ca


Author Biography
Kyle J. Norton (Scholar, Master of Nutrition, All right reserved)
Health article writer and researcher; Over 10.000 articles and research papers have been written and published online, including worldwide health, ezine articles, article base, health blogs, self-growth, best before it's news, the karate GB daily, etc.,.
Named TOP 50 MEDICAL ESSAYS FOR ARTISTS & AUTHORS TO READ by Disilgold.com Named 50 of the best health Tweeters Canada - Huffington Post
Nominated for shorty award over last 4 years
Some articles have been used as references in medical research, such as international journal Pharma and Bioscience, ISSN 0975-6299.

Sources
(1) Reduced absorption and enhanced synthesis of cholesterol in patients with cystic fibrosis: a preliminary study of plasma sterols by Gelzo M, Sica C, Elce A, Dello Russo A, Iacotucci P, Carnovale V, Raia V, Salvatore D, Corso G, Castaldo G. (PubMed)

Omega-3 Fatty Acids, the Promising Remedy for the Treatment of Advanced Esophagogastric Cancer

By Kyle J. Norton

Cancer is a class of diseases characterized by cell growth and multiplied disorderly and uncontrollably. In advance stage, cancerous cells from the originated site can travel a distance away to infect other healthy tissue via lymph or blood circulation.

Most cancers process a high survival rate if they are diagnosed early. According to the Mayo Clinic, over 56 percent of people diagnosed with early-stage lung cancer live for at least five years after diagnosis. However, the five-year survival rate for people diagnosed with late-stage of invasive lung cancer is 5 %.

According to the statistic of Canadian cancer provided by the government, in 2017, there were over 200,000 newly diagnosed cancer and 80,000 Canadian died from cancer. 1 in 2 Canadians will be diagnosed with cancer, and 1 in 4 will die from the disease, during their lifetime.

The exact cause of cancers is unknown. Researchers do not know why some people without gene mutation are susceptible to early onset of cancer while others do not

However, researchers do know that certain risk factors such as aging, tobacco, sun exposure, radiation exposure, chemicals, and other substances, some viruses and bacteria, certain hormones, family history of cancer, alcohol, poor diet, physical inactivity are associated to gene change in the initiation of cancer development.

Most cancers share the common symptoms of tiredness, unexplained weight loss, loss of appetite, fatigue. In advance stage, cancer patients may also experience additional common symptoms of dehydration, nausea and vomiting, constipation and persistent pain.

Gastroesophageal adenocarcinoma is a rare type of cancer of the esophagus, the tube that connects your mouth and stomach.

Most common risk factors associated with the onset of esophagogastric adenocarcinoma are
* Having gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD)
* Smoking.
 * Having precancerous changes in the cells of the esophagus (Barrett's esophagus)
* Being obese.
* Excessive alcohol drinking
* Frequent bile reflux. 

Omega-3 fatty acids are phytochemicals in the class of lipids, found abundantly in deepsea fisk, dark-green leafy vegetables, grains, legumes, nuts, etc.

The three main components of Omega-3 fatty acids are alpha-linolenic acid (ALA), eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA), and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA).

On finding a potential phytochemical for the treatment of cancer, researchers investigated the effects of omega 3 fatty acids in patients with advanced esophagogastric adenocarcinoma.
The study included 20 participants with advanced esophagogastric adenocarcinoma enrolled in phase II single-arm clinical trial of palliative chemotherapy (epirubicin, oxaliplatin, and capecitabine; EOX) coupled with the weekly infusion of Omegaven®.
According to the results of radiological responses,
* Partial response (EOX plus omega-3 group 73% vs. EOX alone 39%, p=0.03).

*Stable disease (EOX plus omega-3 21% vs. EOX alone 39%, p=0.24), and

* Progressive disease (EOX plus omega-3 7% vs. EOX alone 18%, p=0.34).

Most importantly, grade 3 or 4 toxicity was less common (thromboembolism & gastrointestinal) and the concentrations of pro-inflammatory proteins such as IL-2 (p=0.009), TNF-α (p<0.0001) and VEGF (p=0.002) was reduced. in those who received EOX plus omega-3.

Based on the evidence, researchers said, "The treatment with supplementary omega-3 fatty acids reduced chemotherapy-related toxicity and resulted in better radiological responses".

Taken altogether, Omega-3 fatty acids found abundantly in fish oil and plant oil may be considered an adjunct therapy in the treatment of advanced esophagogastric adenocarcinoma, pending to the confirmation of the larger sample size and multicenter human study.

Intake of Omega-3 fatty acids in the form of supplements should be taken with extreme care to prevent overdose acute liver toxicity.


Natural Medicine for Fatty Liver And Obesity Reversal - The Revolutionary Findings To Achieve Optimal Health And Lose Weight

How To Get Rid Of Eye Floaters 
Contrary To Professionals Prediction, Floaters Can Be Cured Naturally 

Ovarian Cysts And PCOS Elimination
Holistic System In Existence That Will Show You. How-To
Permanently Eliminate All Types of Ovarian Cysts Within 2 Months

Back to Kyle J. Norton Homepage http://kylejnorton.blogspot.ca


Author Biography
Kyle J. Norton (Scholar, Master of Nutrition, All right reserved)
Health article writer and researcher; Over 10.000 articles and research papers have been written and published online, including worldwide health, ezine articles, article base, health blogs, self-growth, best before it's news, the karate GB daily, etc.,.
Named TOP 50 MEDICAL ESSAYS FOR ARTISTS & AUTHORS TO READ by Disilgold.com Named 50 of the best health Tweeters Canada - Huffington Post
Nominated for shorty award over last 4 years
Some articles have been used as references in medical research, such as international journal Pharma and Bioscience, ISSN 0975-6299.

Sources
(1) The Effect of Supplementary Omegaven® on the Clinical Outcome of Patients With Advanced Esophagogastric Adenocarcinoma Receiving Palliative Epirubicin, Oxaliplatin, and Capecitabine Chemotherapy: A Phase II clinical trial by Eltweri AM1, Thomas AL2, Chung WY3, Morgan B3, Thompson J4, Dennison AR3, Bowrey DJ. (PubMed)

Omega 3 Fatty Acids Ameliorates the Symptoms of Anxiety

By Kyle J. Norton

Anxiety is a psychological and physiological state triggered by feelings of fear, worry, uneasiness, and dread, etc. 

The condition is a normal reaction to stress that allows a person to cope with the situation during an emotionally difficult time. But when anxiety symptoms escalate or become excessive, it can lead to anxiety disorder.

People experience anxiety differently. Some people feel a sudden moment of anxiety just a bad feeling, it comes and goes, only lasting a short time. Depending on how people cope with the moments of anxiety, the events can be brief or last a few days.

However, in some persons, if anxiety does not go away, they may require treatment from the related field specialists.

Some researchers suggested that anxiety disorders are conditions associated with the combination of biological, psychological, and individual factors and the most commonly reported psychiatric conditions and frequently occur as comorbid disorders.

According to the statistic, anxiety disorders are the most common mental illness in the U.S., affecting 40 million adults in the age of 18 and older, or 18.1% of the population every year.

The exact causes of anxiety disorders are debatable. However, a family history of anxiety recent or prolonged exposure to stress, excessive consumption of stimulants such as caffeine or tobacco is associated with the onset of the disorders.

The symptoms of anxiety disorders can be psychological or physical, including difficulty concentrating and sleeping, irritability, persistent stomachaches or diarrhea, sweaty palms, shaking and rapid heartbeat.

Other patients may also experience frequent nervousness, restlessness, or being tense feelings of danger, panic, or dread rapid heart rate rapid breathing, or hyperventilation,..... you may have developed an anxiety disorder.

Omega-3 fatty acids are phytochemicals in the class of lipids, found abundantly in deepsea fisk, dark-green leafy vegetables, grains, legumes, nuts, etc.

The three main components of Omega-3 fatty acids are alpha-linolenic acid (ALA), eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA), and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA).

On finding a potential phytochemical for the treatment of psychological disorders, researchers investigated the efficacy of omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) for anxiety symptoms compared with controls.

The study included the research of clinical trials involved in the anxiolytic effect of omega-3 PUFAs in humans, in either placebo-controlled or non-placebo-controlled designs found 104 selected articles with 19 entered the final data extraction stage.

Based on the differentiation of the selected articles including 1203 participants with omega-3 PUFA treatment (mean age, 43.7 years; mean female proportion, 55.0%; mean omega-3 PUFA dosage, 1605.7 mg/d) and 1037 participants without omega-3 PUFA treatment (mean age, 40.6 years; mean female proportion, 55.0%), the researchers found that
* The administration of omega 3 fatty acid showed an association between clinical anxiety symptoms among participants with omega-3 PUFA treatment compared with control arms (Hedges g, 0.374; 95% CI, 0.081-0.666; P = .01).


* Furthermore, in subgroup analysis, injection of Omega 3 fatty acid showed that the association of treatment with reduced anxiety symptoms was significantly greater in subgroups with specific clinical diagnoses than in subgroups without clinical conditions.

* Moreover, The anxiolytic effect of omega-3 PUFAs was significantly better than that of controls only in subgroups with a higher dosage (at least 2000 mg/d) and not in subgroups with a lower dosage (<2000 mg/d).

In other words, omega 3 fatty acid has a strong implication in reducing anxiety symptoms in a dose-dependent manner.

Taken altogether, Omega-3 fatty acids found abundantly in fish oil and plant oil may be considered a functional food for the treatment of anxiety, pending to the confirmation of the larger sample size and multicenter human study.

Intake of Omega-3 fatty acids in the form of supplements should be taken with extreme care to prevent overdose acute liver toxicity.


Natural Medicine for Fatty Liver And Obesity Reversal - The Revolutionary Findings To Achieve Optimal Health And Lose Weight

How To Get Rid Of Eye Floaters 
Contrary To Professionals Prediction, Floaters Can Be Cured Naturally 

Ovarian Cysts And PCOS Elimination
Holistic System In Existence That Will Show You. How-To
Permanently Eliminate All Types of Ovarian Cysts Within 2 Months

Back to Kyle J. Norton Homepage http://kylejnorton.blogspot.ca


Author Biography
Kyle J. Norton (Scholar, Master of Nutrition, All right reserved)
Health article writer and researcher; Over 10.000 articles and research papers have been written and published online, including worldwide health, ezine articles, article base, health blogs, self-growth, best before it's news, the karate GB daily, etc.,.
Named TOP 50 MEDICAL ESSAYS FOR ARTISTS & AUTHORS TO READ by Disilgold.com Named 50 of the best health Tweeters Canada - Huffington Post
Nominated for shorty award over last 4 years
Some articles have been used as references in medical research, such as international journal Pharma and Bioscience, ISSN 0975-6299.

Sources
(1) Association of Use of Omega-3 Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids With Changes in Severity of Anxiety Symptoms: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis by Su KP1,2,3, Tseng PT4, Lin PY5,6,7, Okubo R8, Chen TY9,10,11, Chen YW12, Matsuoka YJ. (PubMed)
(2) A potential role for adjunctive omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids for depression and anxiety symptoms in recent onset psychosis: Results from a 16 week randomized placebo-controlled trial for participants concurrently treated with risperidone by Robinson DG1, Gallego JA2, John M3, Hanna LA4, Zhang JP2, Birnbaum ML2, Greenberg J4, Naraine M4, Peters BD4, McNamara RK5, Malhotra AK2, Szeszko PR. (PubMed)

Tocopherols Protects the Liver Against Hepatotoxicity in Vivo

By Kyle J. Norton

The liver is the largest internal organ found in the human which plays an essential role in filtering the blood from the digestive system before passing them to other parts of the body.

The liver also produces cholesterol, a waxy substance which aids digestion, builds cell membranes and produces vitamin D and steroid hormones.

Liver disease is a class of medical conditions characterized by the reduced partly or completely the function of the liver, including liver failure.

There is no single cause of liver diseases. Researchers suggested that virus such as hepatitis A, B, C, long-term excessive alcohol drinking and genetic mutation inherited from the parents is the major risk factors associated with the early onset of the diseases.

Some researchers suggested overweight and obesity and congenital diseases such as Hemochromatosis and Wilson’s disease also are the prevalent risk factors of liver damage and diseases.

Liver damage and disease can also be caused by long-term intake of certain medications, such as paracetamol and Illegal drugs such as cocaine.

Sadly, according to the statistic, the mortality rate infected by viral hepatitis has increased by 63% from 890,000 in 1990 to 1.45 million in 2013, according to a review of data collected in 183 countries.

Symptoms of liver diseases include persistent jaundice and gastrointestinal discomforts, abdominal pain, and swelling, leg and ankles swelling, itching, and pale color of stool.

The hepatoprotective effect is the action of the prevention of the liver against liver damage or toxicity. 

Liver toxicity is a condition caused by the accumulation of toxin in the liver, leading to liver dysfunction or reduced liver function.

Acute liver toxicity is caused by short-term exposure to toxic chemicals such as an overdose of medication.

Chronic liver toxicity is due to long-term exposure to toxic substances including excessive alcohol drinking and long term use of certain medicines.

Tocopherols are phytochemicals of which many have vitamin E activity, belonging to the group of Lipids, found abundantly in butter, egg yolk, milk fat, some vegetable, and seed or nut oils, etc.

On finding a potential phytochemical for the treatment of liver diseases, researchers examined the protective role of curcumin and α-tocopherol against oxidative stress-induced hepatotoxicity in rats upon cisplatin treatment.

The study included male Wistar rats that were divided into five groups (n = 5),
* Pre-treated with a single dose of α-tocopherol (250 mg/kg b.w.), curcumin (200 mg/kg b.w.) and combined α-tocopherol with curcumin, respectively, for 24 h prior the administration of cisplatin.

* The Saline and Cis groups, injected with normal saline and cisplatin [20 mg/kg body weight (b.w.)],
* Cis + α-tocopherol group,

* Cis + Cur group, and

* Cis + α-tocopherol + Cur group.

According to the analysis after 72 h of the first injection, * Cisplatin revealed a significant increase of hepatic malondialdehyde (MDA) levels and a significant reduction of hepatic superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase activities compared to the saline group.

* Cis elicited a marked increase of the serum alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and aspartate aminotransferase (AST) levels, the liver stress markers and demonstrated the liver pathologies including liver congestion.

* Cis demonstrated a significant increase of NADPH oxidase gene expression compared to the saline group.

* Pre-treatment with combined curcumin and α-tocopherol improved the liver enzymes, lipid peroxidation biomarker, liver histopathology and gene expression of liver NADPH oxidase in cisplatin-treated rats.

In other words, pretreatment with curcumin and α-tocopherol inhibited the adverse effects induced by the treatment of Cis.

After talking about other factors into account, researchers said, "pre-treatment with combined curcumin and α-tocopherol can protect cisplatin-induced hepatotoxicity including the biochemical, histological and molecular aspects".

Taken altogether, tocopherols may be considered an adjunct therapy in the prevention of liver toxicity, pending to the confirmation of the larger sample size and multicenter human study.

Intake of tocopherols in the form of supplements should be taken with extreme care to prevent overdose acute liver toxicity.


Natural Medicine for Fatty Liver And Obesity Reversal - The Revolutionary Findings To Achieve Optimal Health And Lose Weight

How To Get Rid Of Eye Floaters 
Contrary To Professionals Prediction, Floaters Can Be Cured Naturally 

Ovarian Cysts And PCOS Elimination
Holistic System In Existence That Will Show You. How-To
Permanently Eliminate All Types of Ovarian Cysts Within 2 Months

Back to Kyle J. Norton Homepage http://kylejnorton.blogspot.ca


Author Biography
Kyle J. Norton (Scholar, Master of Nutrition, All right reserved)
Health article writer and researcher; Over 10.000 articles and research papers have been written and published online, including worldwide health, ezine articles, article base, health blogs, self-growth, best before it's news, the karate GB daily, etc.,.
Named TOP 50 MEDICAL ESSAYS FOR ARTISTS & AUTHORS TO READ by Disilgold.com Named 50 of the best health Tweeters Canada - Huffington Post
Nominated for shorty award over last 4 years
Some articles have been used as references in medical research, such as international journal Pharma and Bioscience, ISSN 0975-6299.

Sources
(1) Hepatoprotective effect of curcumin and alpha-tocopherol against cisplatin-induced oxidative stress by Palipoch S1, Punsawad C, Koomhin P, Suwannalert P. (PubMed)

Phytochemical Lycopene Reduces Risk of Obesity

By Kyle J. Norton

Obesity is a progressive chronic disease, associated with abnormal or excessive fat accumulation in the body.

People who have a BMI of over 30 are considered to be obese.

According to the statistics provided by Obesity Cabada, the rate of obesity has increased at an alarming rate in Canada over the past few decades.

Approximately over 30% of Canadian adults are considered obese that may require medical support to manage their disease.

Epidemiologically, type 2 diabetes, high blood pressure, heart disease, stroke, arthritis, cancer, and other major health problems have been found in most obese patients, causing concern to the scientist community in the health care system.

Furthermore, obesity is associated with increased mortality and a number of complications including diabetes, heart disease, dementia, and cancer.

Believe it or not, obesity has been found contributing to one 10 premature deaths among Canadian adults age 20 to 64. As of today, the health care system in Canada has spent between $5 billion and $7 billion for the treatment of obese related complications.

Conventionally, treatment of obesity is depending on the medical condition, however, the commitment of reduced weight through a healthy diet accompanied by moderate exercise has been proposed to target the complications.

Dr. Angela Makris, the lead scientist in examining dietary approaches to the treatment of obesity
wrote, "Popular dietary approaches for weight loss have generated widespread interest and considerable debate. While energy balance remains the cornerstone of weight control (i.e., calories still count), new diets and books promising weight loss by limiting certain foods or macronutrients rather than energy are constantly emerging and hitting the bestseller list".

And, "More effective weight loss options are needed to support healthy and sustainable eating behaviors".

Lycopene is a phytochemical found in tomato in the class of carotenoid, a natural pigment with no vitamin A activity found abundantly in tomatoes and other red fruits and vegetables, such as red carrots, watermelons, and papayas,

Tomatoes provide about 80% of the lycopene in the world diet. In plants, lycopene protects the host against excessive photodamage and perform various functions in photosynthesis.

On finding a potential compound for the prevention of obesity, researchers examined and compared the effect of lycopene and tomato powder on obesity-associated disorders.

Male C57BL/J6 mice selected to the study were assigned into four groups to receive: control diet (CD), high-fat diet (HFD), a high-fat diet supplemented with lycopene or with tomato powder (TP) for 12 weeks.

In male C57BL/J6 mice fed by the HFD, increased adiposity index, organ, and relative organ weights were significantly reduced by lycopene and TP supplementation.

Futhermore, elevated serum triglycerides, free fatty acids, and 8-iso-prostaglandin GF2α associated with lipid peroxidation and glucose homeostasis involved in the secretion of insulin from pancreatic beta cells were significantly improved by the administration of lycopene and TP supplementation.

Liver tissues oxidative stress markers induced overexpression of free radicals was reduced by lycopene and TP supplementation through a decrease of inflammatory proteins in adipose tissue.

Based on the findings, researchers said, "These results suggest that lycopene or TP supplementation display similar beneficial health effects that could be particularly relevant in the context of nutritional approaches to fight obesity-associated pathologies.".

Taken altogether, lycopene found in tomato may be considered a functional remedy, pending on the confirmation of the larger sample size and multicenter human study.

Intake of lycopene in the form of supplement should be taken with extreme care to prevent overdose acute liver toxicity.

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Author Biography
Kyle J. Norton (Scholar, Master of Nutrition, All right reserved)
Health article writer and researcher; Over 10.000 articles and research papers have been written and published online, including worldwide health, ezine articles, article base, health blogs, self-growth, best before it's news, the karate GB daily, etc.,.
Named TOP 50 MEDICAL ESSAYS FOR ARTISTS & AUTHORS TO READ by Disilgold.com Named 50 of the best health Tweeters Canada - Huffington Post
Nominated for shorty award over last 4 years
Some articles have been used as references in medical research, such as international journal Pharma and Bioscience, ISSN 0975-6299.

Sources
(1) Lycopene and tomato powder supplementation similarly inhibit high-fat diet induced obesity, inflammatory response, and associated metabolic disorders by Fenni S1,2, Hammou H2, Astier J1, Bonnet L1, Karkeni E1, Couturier C1, Tourniaire F1, Landrier JF. (PubMed)
(2) Lycopene supplementation modulates plasma concentrations and epididymal adipose tissue mRNA of leptin, resistin and IL-6 in diet-induced obese rats by Luvizotto Rde A1, Nascimento AF, Imaizumi E, Pierine DT, Conde SJ, Correa CR, Yeum KJ, Ferreira AL. (PubMed)
(3) Dietary Approaches to the Treatment of Obesity by Angela Makris, Ph.D., R.D. and Gary D. Foster, Ph.D. (PMC)