Phytochemical Allyl isothiocyanate, the Anti Prostate Cancer Bioactive Ingredient

By Kyle J. Norton

Phytochemicals, the natural chemical constituent, protect the plants against diseases and form their outer's color.

Bioactive compound Allyl isothiocyanate have a profound and potential effect in reducing risk and treatment of prostate cancer, some scientists suggested.

Allyl isothiocyanate is phytochemical containing sulfur in the class of organosulfur compound, found abundantly in horseradish, mustard, wasabi, etc.

Prostate cancer is a condition in which the cells of the prostate has become cancerous, causing abnormal cell growth in the prostate tissue.

Most cases of prostate cancer start in the cell on the surface of the inner lining of the prostate tissue. At this stage, patients do not experience any symptoms.

However, as the tumor continued to grow, in the short distance in the future, it will suppress the nearby healthy tissue and nerve cells, leading to localized symptoms and severe pain.

At the advanced stage, most primary prostate cancer cells can travel a distance away to infect other healthy tissue and organ, leading to secondary cancer metastasis.

According to the statistic, In the US, approximately 164,690 new cases of prostate cancer were diagnosed and  29,430 will die from prostate cancer in 2018.

In fact, more than 2.9 million men in the United States who have been diagnosed with prostate cancer at some point are still alive today.

Early diagnosis is the key to survival in prostate cancer. The 5-year survival rate for most men with local or regional prostate cancer is nearly 100%. Ninety-eight percent (98%) are alive after 10 years. 

Most prostate cancers are slow growing and enlarged prostate and prostate cancer may be detected during the Physical (rectum) exams.

The causes of prostate cancer are unknown. However, certain risk factors, epidemiologically are associated with an increased risk of the disease, including the increase in age, ethnicity, family history, genetic preposition, and poor diet. 

Dr. Amir Bagheri, the lead author in the study "Dietary patterns and risk of prostate cancer: a factor analysis study in a sample of Iranian men" firmly suggested that a healthy dietary pattern was associated with a decreased risk of prostate cancer (highest versus lowest tertile OR:0.24; 95% CI: 0.07-0.81;trend p: 0.025). An unhealthy dietary pattern was related to increased risk of prostate cancer(highest versus lowest tertile OR:3.4; 95% CI: 1.09-10.32; trend p: 0.037).

Therefore, by a chance of the diet pattern which contains high in fruits and vegetables and whole grain and few in saturated and trans fat, red meat and processed foods, a healthy man can substantially decrease the risk of prostate cancer

On finding a natural ingredient or whole food for the prevention and treatment of prostate cancer, researchers evaluated the effects of allyl isothiocyanate (AITC), a constituent of cruciferous vegetables, against the growth of human prostate cancer xenografts in vivo.

Injection of 10 micromol AITC, three times per week (Monday, Wednesday and Friday) beginning the day of tumor cell implantation significantly inhibited the growth of PC-3 xenograft.

On the 26 days after tumor cell implantation, the average tumor volume in control mice (1025 +/- 205 mm3) was approximately 1.7-fold higher compared with AITC-treated mice. 

According to the histological analysis of tumors excised at the termination of the experiment,  revealed a statistically significant increase in a number of apoptotic bodies with a concomitant decrease in cells undergoing mitosis in the tumors of AITC-treated mice compared with that of control mice. 

The Western blot analysis indicated the injection of  AITC inhibited the 70% of the levels of anti-apoptotic protein in the tumor lysate of AITC-treated mice compared with that of control mice.

The injection of AITC also exerted a statistically significant reduction in the expression of several proteins associated with the regulation of G2/M progression.

The finding suggested that AITC administration inhibits the growth of PC-3 xenografts in vivo by inducing apoptosis and reducing mitotic activity.

Futhermore, in order to understand the effect of dietary isothiocyanates (ITCs) in the protection against chemically induced cancers in laboratory animals, researchers examined the allyl isothiocyanate (AITC) anti-cancer activity in the cultured PC-3 (androgen-independent) and LNCaP (androgen-dependent) human prostate cancer cell.

Application of AITC inhibited all the tested cancer cell lines in a dose-dependent manner with an IC(50) of approximately 15-17 micro M.without affecting the normal prostate cancer cells.

The inhibition of the proliferation of PC-3 as well as LNCaP cells in the presence of AITC is correlated with accumulation of cells in G(2)/M phase and induction of apoptosis. 

At 24 h treatment of PC-3 and LNCaP cells with 20 micro M, AITC scored a similar effect as that of the previous study by causing a significant decrease in the levels of proteins that regulate G(2)/M progression, and the levels of anti-apoptotic protein.

Taken altogether, Allyl isothiocyanate may be considered a dietary source for the prevention and treatment of prostate cancer with no side effects.

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Back to Kyle J. Norton Homepage http://kylejnorton.blogspot.ca


Author Biography
Kyle J. Norton (Scholar, Master of Nutrition, All right reserved)
Health article writer and researcher; Over 10.000 articles and research papers have been written and published online, including worldwide health, ezine articles, article base, health blog, self-growth, best before it's news, the karate GB daily, etc.,.
Named TOP 50 MEDICAL ESSAYS FOR ARTISTS & AUTHORS TO READ by Disilgold.com Named 50 of the best health Tweeters Canada - Huffington Post
Nominated for shorty award over last 4 years
Some articles have been used as references in medical research, such as international journal Pharma and Bioscience, ISSN 0975-6299.
References
(1) Allyl isothiocyanate, a constituent of cruciferous vegetables, inhibits the growth of PC-3 human prostate cancer xenografts in vivo by Srivastava SK1, Xiao D, Lew KL, Hershberger P, Kokkinakis DM, Johnson CS, Trump DL, Singh SV. (PubMed)
(2) Allyl isothiocyanate, a constituent of cruciferous vegetables, inhibits proliferation of human prostate cancer cells by causing G2/M arrest and inducing apoptosis by Xiao D1, Srivastava SK, Lew KL, Zeng Y, Hershberger P, Johnson CS, Trump DL, Singh SV. (PubMed)
(3) Dietary patterns and risk of prostate cancer: a factor analysis study in a sample of Iranian men by Amir Bagheri, Seyed Mostafa Nachvak, Mansour Rezaei, 3 Mozhgan Moravridzade, Mahmoudreza Moradi, 4 and Michael Nelson. (PMC)

Phytochemical Anacardic Acid, the Natural Antibiotic Alternative with No Side Effects

By Kyle J. Norton

Scientists may have found a bioactive compound for the replacement of antibiotics with no side effects, some studies suggested.

Infection is a human disease characterized by the invasion of an organism that multiplied in the specific tissue or organ.

In the bodily injury due to physical impact, the white blood cells of the immune first line of defense stimulates the production of proteins associated with the coagulation to cover the wound against the entrance of the microorganisms and inflammatory cytokines to kill off the infectious pathogens before they can enter the body and cause damage.

Most microorganisms were killed in the acute phase of the infection.

The infection is progressing through 5 stages, including

1. The incubation stage is a stage that the microorganisms have successfully entered the host and started a period of multiplication. At this period patients do not experience any symptoms.

2. The prodromal stage, followed after the incubation period, after gaining the strength in numbers and continued multiplication, the presence of the invasive pathogens is noticed by the immune system, leading to an immune systematic response. At this period, patients may experience symptoms fever, pain, and swelling.

3. The stage of illness is a stage that a disease is formed with signs and symptoms of the disease are most obvious and severe.

4. The stage of decline, the stage that saw the immune system has won the battle. In this stage, the number of pathogens and the signs and symptoms of illness begin to decline.

5. The stage of convalescence is a stage of recovery.

Some scientists in the study of the immune evolution suggested that the immune system is designed to kill off invasive pathogen in 3-8 weeks, otherwise, it will adapt to the change, leading to diseases associated with chronic infection.

Anacardic acids are phenolic lipids, phytochemicals of the organic acid found abundantly in cashews, mangoes, etc.

The immune system is the set of cells and their activity against antigens or infectious agents that comprises the body's defense system against diseases. The immune system does a great job of keeping people healthy and preventing infections. Beside foods and nutritional supplements, herbs also play an important role in helping the immune system defend against viruses and bacteria attacks.

With an aim to find a natural antibiotic for the replacement of conventional medicine for the prevention and treatment of microbial infection, researchers examined the anacardic acid mixture antibacterial quorum sensing (QS), which is a process of bacterial cell-cell communication that controls a large number of systems affecting pathogenicity.

An anacardic acid mixture (AAM) use in the experiment was produced by the A. adstringens hexane extract (HE) in bacterial strain Chromobacterium violaceum.

By comparing the 2 extracts, researchers found that

* HE induced a 91.6% of inhibition of the violecin production at 55 μg/mL concentration, whereas AAM showed 94% of inhibition at 166 μg/mL.

* Interestingly, both extracts were found to inhibit violacein production with affecting the viability of the bacterium.

* Furthermore, AAM inhibited the substance which stimulates redox cycling in bacteria (pyocyanin 86% at 200 μg/mL) and glycolipid biosurfactants of bacterial structure (rhamnolipid, 91% at 500 μg/mL) production in a dose/response form and decrease the elastase (75% at 500 μg/mL) activity in P. aeruginosa without affecting its development.

Where violecin is a naturally-occurring bis-indole pigment with antibiotic properties produced by the bacteria.

These results indicated that Anacardic acid disrupts the quorum sensing (QS) of bacteria through inhibiting the substances which play a critical role for microbial survival in cell-cell communication.

Dr.Castillo-Juárez I, the lead scientist said, " anacardic acids mixture isolated from A. adstringens demonstrated anti-QS, it could be further exploited for novel molecules to treat the emerging infections of antibiotic-resistant bacterial pathogens".

Additionally, in the evaluated new anacardic acid, 6-[16'Z-nonadecenyl]-salicylic acid (1), along with seven known compounds isolated from the bark of Amphipterygium adstringens using a bioassay-guided fractionation method, researchers showed that compounds 1-4 exhibited antibacterial activity against Streptococcus mutans and Porphyromonas gingivalis with minimum inhibitory concentrations ranging from 7 to 104 µg mL and from 12 to 126 µg mL.

Where compounds 1-4 are 6-[16'Z-nonadecenyl]-salicylic acid (1), 6-[8'Z-pentadecenyl] salicylic acid (15:1 anacardic acid) (2), 6-nonadecenyl salicylic acid (anacardic acid 19:0), (3), 6-pentadecyl salicylic acid (anacardic acid 15:0) (4).

Taken altogether, anacardic acid and its bioactive derivatives may be considered antibiotics alternative for the prevention and treatment of bacterial infection with no side effects

Natural Medicine for Fatty Liver And Obesity Reversal - The Revolutionary Findings To Achieve Optimal Health And Lose Weight

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Contrary To Professionals Prediction, Floaters Can Be Cured Naturally

Ovarian Cysts And PCOS Elimination
Holistic System In Existence That Will Show You How To
Permanently Eliminate All Types of Ovarian Cysts Within 2 Months

Back to Kyle J. Norton Homepage http://kylejnorton.blogspot.ca


Author Biography
Kyle J. Norton (Scholar, Master of Nutrition, All right reserved)
Health article writer and researcher; Over 10.000 articles and research papers have been written and published online, including worldwide health, ezine articles, article base, health blog, self-growth, best before it's news, the karate GB daily, etc.,.
Named TOP 50 MEDICAL ESSAYS FOR ARTISTS & AUTHORS TO READ by Disilgold.com Named 50 of the best health Tweeters Canada - Huffington Post
Nominated for shorty award over last 4 years
Some articles have been used as references in medical research, such as international journal Pharma and Bioscience, ISSN 0975-6299.

References
(1) Amphypterygium adstringens anacardic acid mixture inhibits quorum sensing-controlled virulence factors of Chromobacterium violaceum and Pseudomonas aeruginosa by Castillo-Juárez I, García-Contreras R, Velázquez-Guadarrama N, Soto-Hernández M, Martínez-Vázquez M. (PubMed)
(2) Isolation of the new anacardic acid 6-[16'Z-nonadecenyl]-salicylic acid and evaluation of its antimicrobial activity against Streptococcus mutans and Porphyromonas gingivalis by Rivero-Cruz BE, Esturau N, Sánchez-Nieto S, Romero I, Castillo-Juárez I, Rivero-Cruz JF.(PubMed)

Phytochemical Allicin, the Novel Dietary Antioxidant

By Kyle J. Norton

Phytochemicals may be next potential sources of new medications for the treatment of diseases with little or no side effects.

Scientists may have found a dietary and bioactive ingredient for the prevention and treatment of diseases associated with the oxidative stress.

Allicin is phytochemical containing sulfur in the class of organosulfur compound, found abundantly in onion and garlic.

Oxidative stress is a condition characterized by the overexpression of free radicals in the host body.

Most cases of oxidative stress are caused the inability of the host liver in stimulating the production of antioxidant enzymes which play a critical role in inhibiting the free radical expression, causing oxidative stress.

In a healthy individual, the ratio of free radicals and antioxidant enzymes is always balanced.

However, an individual whose antioxidant enzymes were suppressed due to damage to the antioxidant enzymes productive system or other sources may have a greater risk of the onset of oxidative stress.

Dietary antioxidant intake such as fruits and vegetable may be helpful to keep the free radical in check.

Oxidative stress has been found to cause damage to cell lipids, proteins, DNA, leading to many chronic diseases, including atherosclerosis, cancer, diabetics, rheumatoid arthritis, post-ischemic perfusion injury, myocardial infarction, cardiovascular diseases, chronic inflammation, and stroke.

The oxidative stress that causes chronic ailment is a result of a chain reaction started by free radical donate or steal an electron from another atom, leading to a domino's effect which can not be stopped until all outer ring electron of free radicals is paired or inhibited by antioxidants.

A free radical is any atom or molecule that has a single unpaired electron in an outer shell and highly reactive to react with another cell.

Most free radicals and other ROS are derived internally either from normal essential metabolic processes in the human body or from external sources such as exposure to X-rays, ozone, cigarette smoking, air pollutants, and industrial chemicals.

Antioxidants are biomolecules inhibited the oxidation.
On finding a natural ingredient and whole food for the prevention and treatment of diseases associated with oxidative stress, researchers investigated the effect of allicin (the active ingredient of garlic) contained in the commercial preparation Garlicin against hydroxyl radicals (.OH) using high pressure liquid chromatographic (HPLC) method.

Allicin equivalent in Garlicin (1.8, 3.6, 7.2, 14.4, 21.6, 28.8 and 36 micrograms) produced concentration-dependent decreases in the formation of 2,3-DHBA and 2,5-DHBA, the OH adduct products.

The inhibition of formation of 2,3-DHBA and 2,5-DHBA with 1.8 micrograms/ml was 32.36% and 43.2% respectively while with 36.0 micrograms/ml the inhibition was approximately 94.0% and 90.0% respectively.

These results suggested that allicin is highly active against the OH adduct products through its free radical scavenging activity.

Furthermore, Allicin also exerted a significant antioxidant activity by preventing the lipid peroxidation of liver homogenate in a concentration-dependent manner.

Additionally, by examing the antioxidant effects of four main chemical classes, alliin, allyl cysteine, allyl disulfide, and allicin, prepared by chemical synthesis or purification, researchers discovered
* Alliin scavenged superoxide, while allyl cysteine and allyl disulfide did not react with superoxide.

* Allicin suppressed the formation of superoxide by the xanthine/xanthine oxidase system, probably via a thiol exchange mechanism.

* Allicin did not exhibit hydroxyl radical scavenging activity in this study, probably due to some unknown mechanisms.

The finding suggested that allyl disulfide, alliin, allicin, and allyl cysteine exhibit different patterns of antioxidant activities as protective compounds against free radical damage.

Taken altogether, allicin processed high levels of free radicals scavenging activity may be used for the prevention of the overexpression of ROS in the initiation of oxidative stress.

Natural Medicine for Fatty Liver And Obesity Reversal - The Revolutionary Findings To Achieve Optimal Health And Lose Weight

How To Get Rid Of Eye Floaters
Contrary To Professionals Prediction, Floaters Can Be Cured Naturally

Ovarian Cysts And PCOS Elimination
Holistic System In Existence That Will Show You How To
Permanently Eliminate All Types of Ovarian Cysts Within 2 Months

Back to Kyle J. Norton Homepage http://kylejnorton.blogspot.ca


Author Biography
Kyle J. Norton (Scholar, Master of Nutrition, All right reserved)
Health article writer and researcher; Over 10.000 articles and research papers have been written and published online, including worldwide health, ezine articles, article base, health blog, self-growth, best before it's news, the karate GB daily, etc.,.
Named TOP 50 MEDICAL ESSAYS FOR ARTISTS & AUTHORS TO READ by Disilgold.com Named 50 of the best health Tweeters Canada - Huffington Post
Nominated for shorty award over last 4 years
Some articles have been used as references in medical research, such as international journal Pharma and Bioscience, ISSN 0975-6299.
References
(1) Antioxidant activity of allicin, an active principle in garlic by Prasad K, Laxdal VA, Yu M, Raney BL. (PubMed)
(2) The antioxidant properties of garlic compounds: allyl cysteine, alliin, allicin, and allyl disulfide by Chung LY. (PubMed)

Ginger, The Best to Normal Your Blood Cholesterol With No Side Effects

By Kyle J. Norton

Ginger may be considered a functional food for the prevention and treatment of hyperlipidemia without inducing side effects, some scientists found.

Hyperlipidemia is a condition of abnormally high blood cholesterol.

In other words, people with hyperlipidemia have an elevated ratio of low-density lipoprotein/ high-density lipoprotein.

The normal and healthy ratio of healthy blood cholesterol is lower than 4/1.

Most common causes of high blood cholesterol are an unhealthy diet with high saturated and trans fat, red meat and processed foods and few in fruits and vegetable.

In fact low in intake of high-density lipoproteins which have the unique function to trnasport the excess cholesterol back to the liver. 

In other words, the presence of high-density lipoproteins reduces the bad blood cholesterol in the bloodstream, thus decreasing the forming of plaque accumulated in the arterial wall, the major risk of heart disease.

Some researchers suggested that genetic preposition and certain medical condition such as diabetes mellitus, kidney disease, and hypothyroidism may also increase the risk of hyperlipidemia.

Most common types of high-density lipoproteins can be found in olive oil which has been found to lower the inflammatory impact of LDL cholesterol on the body, beans and legumes, whole grains. ... high-fiber fruit and deep-sea fatty fish.

Therefore, by topical 2 spoonful olive oil into your lunch salad every day, you may kiss the hyper cholesterol goodbye after six months.

Why it takes so long? because olive oil is a food and fat, not a Western single-ingredient medicine.

Dr. Cullinen K in the nutrition team at the Rhode Island Department of Health, said, "Olive oil consumption increases HDL-cholesterol levels, while decreasing LDL-cholesterol levels, LDL susceptibility to oxidation and lipid peroxidation".

And, "The reduction of cellular oxidative stress, thrombogenicity and the formation of atheroma plague can explain the preventive effects of olive oil on atherosclerosis development".

These results clearly supported the use of oiler oil for the treatment in patients with hyperlipidemia.

Ginger (Zingiber officinale) or ginger root, the second superfood used for thousands of years by mankind, is the genus Zingiber, belonging to the family Zingiberaceae, native to Tamil.

The root has been used in traditional and Chinese medicine to treat dyspepsia, gastroparesis, constipation, edema, difficult urination, colic, etc.

With an aim to find a natural whole food for the treatment of abnormally high blood cholesterol with no side effects, researchers at the Tehran University of Medical Sciences assessed the effect of ginger consumption on glycemic status, lipid profile and some inflammatory markers in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus.

The double-blinded, placebo-controlled clinical trial included 70 type 2 diabetic patients allocated randomly into ginger group and control group.

Treatment group consumed 1600 mg ginger versus 1600 mg wheat flour consumed by the placebo daily for 12 weeks.

At the end of the trial, researchers showed that ginger treatment group exerts a significantly reduced fasting plasma glucose, HbA1C, insulin resistance, HOMA, triglyceride, total cholesterol, CRP and PGE₂, compared to placebo group.

However, there were no significant differences in HDL, LD, and TNFα between two groups.

These results clearly suggested ginger has a strong effect in improving all parameters associated with the diabetic symptoms.

Dr. Arablou T at the final report said, "Ginger improved insulin sensitivity and some fractions of lipid profile, and reduced CRP and PGE₂ in type 2 diabetic patients".

Other researchers in the concern of oxidative stress in the development and progression of diabetic nephropathy (DN)launched an investigation to examine the potential protective effect of ginger (Zingiber officinale) rhizome extract on hyperglycemia-induced oxidative stress, inflammation, and apoptosis.

Diabetes rats selected to the study were given 400 or 800 mg/kg/day Z. officinale extract for six weeks orally.

Treatment with Z. officinale not only improved all diabetic symptoms but also ameliorated hyperglycemia, hyperlipidemia and kidney function.

In addition, Z. officinale minimized the histological alterations in the kidney of diabetic rats

The evidence indicated Z. officinale extract significantly attenuated oxidative stress, inflammation and apoptosis, and enhanced antioxidant defenses in the diabetic kidney.

Taken all together, ginger may be considered a functional food for the prevention and treatment of abnormally high blood cholesterol with no side effects.

Natural Medicine for Fatty Liver And Obesity Reversal - The Revolutionary Findings To Achieve Optimal Health And Lose Weight

How To Get Rid Of Eye Floaters 
Contrary To Professionals Prediction, Floaters Can Be Cured Naturally 

Ovarian Cysts And PCOS Elimination
Holistic System In Existence That Will Show You How To
Permanently Eliminate All Types of Ovarian Cysts Within 2 Months

Back to Kyle J. Norton Homepage http://kylejnorton.blogspot.ca


Author Biography
Kyle J. Norton (Scholar, Master of Nutrition, All right reserved)
Health article writer and researcher; Over 10.000 articles and research papers have been written and published online, including worldwide health, ezine articles, article base, health blogs, self-growth, best before it's news, the karate GB daily, etc.,.
Named TOP 50 MEDICAL ESSAYS FOR ARTISTS & AUTHORS TO READ by Disilgold.com Named 50 of the best health Tweeters Canada - Huffington Post
Nominated for shorty award over last 4 years
Some articles have been used as references in medical research, such as international journal Pharma ISSN 0975-6299.

Sources
(1) The effect of ginger consumption on glycemic status, lipid profile and some inflammatory markers in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus by Arablou T1, Aryaeian N, Valizadeh M, Sharifi F, Hosseini A, Djalali M. (PubMed)
(2) POSSIBLE HYPOCHOLESTEROLEMIC EFFECT OF GINGER AND ROSEMARY OILS IN RATS. by Eissa FA1, Choudhry H1,2,3, Abdulaal WH1,3, Baothman OA1, Zeyadi M1, Moselhy SS1,4,5,6, Zamzami MA1,2. (PubMed)
(3) Ginger alleviates hyperglycemia-induced oxidative stress, inflammation, and apoptosis and protects rats against diabetic nephropathy by Al Hroob AM1, Abukhalil MH2, Alghonmeen RD3, Mahmoud AM4. (PubMed)
(4) Olive oil in the treatment of hypercholesterolemia by Cullinen K. (PubMed)

Manuka Honey (MH) and Tualang Honey (TH), the Potential Natural Antibiotics Alternative with No Side Effects

By Kyle J. Norton

Scientists may have found natural alternative antibiotics for the treatment of diseases caused by a bacterial infection, some studies found.

Infection is a medical condition caused by bacteria multiplication after entering the body.

Most bacteria were killed off by the white blood cells of the first line of defense of the immune system before they can enter the body.

In this stage, the immune systematic response stimulates the production of proteins associated with the production of coagulation to seal the wound and damage and pro-inflammatory cytokines to destroy the invaded bacteria, leading to symptoms of fever, skin redness in the infected area.

However, if they enter the body successfully, they can initiate infection through the stage of incubation where bacterial multiplying in the specific tissues and organs, leading to the colonization and in facilitating diseases development.

Patients with acute bacterial infection usually recover in a short period of time within 3 weeks.

Some bacterial pathogens can establish life-long chronic infections in the host by persistent establishment after an acute infection period.

Dr. Young D, the lead scientist, at the Technology and Medicine, said," Bacteria have evolved specific pathogenic mechanisms and harbor sets of genes that contribute to the establishment of a persistent lifestyle that leads to chronic infection"

" Persistent bacterial infection may involve occupation of a particular tissue type or organ or modification of the intracellular environment within eukaryotic cells".

"Bacteria appear to adapt their immediate environment to favor survival and may hijack essential immunoregulatory mechanisms designed to minimize immune pathology or the inappropriate activation of immune effectors".

These result firmly suggested that if you have a weakened immune system you are at a higher risk to the onset of chronic bacterial infection.

Honey is the miraculous product made by bees using nectar from flowers.

The rich golden liquid It is considered one of healthy sweet food for replacing the use of white sugar and artificial sweetener by many people.

On finding natural sources as a new antibiotic with no side effects, researchers examine the Manuka honey (MH) antibacterial effect in bioactive wound dressings.
Epidemiological studies suggested that MH provides unique antibacterial activity compared to conventional kinds of honey, due to its constituents, methylglyoxal (MGO). 

In the evaluation of the antibacterial activity of both MH and MGO (at equivalent MGO concentrations) when applied as a physical coating to a nonwoven fabric wound dressing, researchers found that* Application of concentrations of 0.0054 mg cm-2 of MGO in the form of MH and MGO is sufficient to achieve a 100 colony forming unit % bacteria reduction against gram-positive Staphylococcus aureus and gram-negative Klebsiella pneumonia.

* However, a 3- to 20-fold increase in MGO concentration (0.0170-0.1 mg cm-2) was required to facilitate a good antibacterial effect.

These results suggested that Manuka honey antibacterial activity processed a linearly and MGO concentration-dependent manner.

Dr. Bulman SEL, the lead scientist said, "The results presented in this study, therefore, demonstrate the relevance of an MGO-based coating as an environmentally friendly strategy for the design of functional dressings with antibiotic-free antimicrobial chemistries".

Additionally, in the investigation of the traditional use of Tualang honey (TH) for the treatment of bacterial infection against various microorganisms, including those from burn-related diagnoses, compared the anti antibacterial activity of Aquacel-Tualang honey, Aquacel-Manuka honey, Aquacel-Ag, and Aquacel- plain dressings against bacteria isolated from patients.

Four types of Gram-negative bacteria, namely Enterobacter cloacae, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Pseudomonas spp. and Acinetobacter spp., and three Gram-positive bacteria, namely Staphylococcus aureus, coagulase-negative Staphylococcus aureus (CONS) and Streptococcus spp. were included in the study.

All tested agents showed a significant effect inhibiting the total bacterial count on day 6 and onwards.

Aquacel-Ag and Aquacel-Manuka honey dressings gave a better zone of inhibition for Gram-positive bacteria compared to Aquacel-Tualang honey dressing.

The comparable results were also found in the Aquacel-Manuka honey and Aquacel-Tualang honey dressing against Gram-negative bacteria.

Researchers after taking into account co and confounders suggested that Tualang honey has a bactericidal as well as bacteriostatic effect and is easier to apply and less sticky compared to Manuka honey.

Taken altogether, there is no doubt that Manuka honey (MH) and Tualang honey (TH) may be considered a functional remedy for the prevention and treatment of bacterial infection. However, before they can be used as antibiotics similar to those of conventional medicine, a larger and multicenter human study is necessary to reconfirm the viability.

Natural Medicine for Fatty Liver And Obesity Reversal - The Revolutionary Findings To Achieve Optimal Health And Lose Weight

How To Get Rid Of Eye Floaters 
Contrary To Professionals Prediction, Floaters Can Be Cured Naturally 

Ovarian Cysts And PCOS Elimination
Holistic System In Existence That Will Show You How To
Permanently Eliminate All Types of Ovarian Cysts Within 2 Months

Back to Kyle J. Norton Homepage http://kylejnorton.blogspot.ca


Author Biography
Kyle J. Norton (Scholar, Master of Nutrition, All right reserved)
Health article writer and researcher; Over 10.000 articles and research papers have been written and published online, including worldwide health, ezine articles, article base, health blogs, self-growth, best before it's news, the karate GB daily, etc.,.
Named TOP 50 MEDICAL ESSAYS FOR ARTISTS & AUTHORS TO READ by Disilgold.com Named 50 of the best health Tweeters Canada - Huffington Post
Nominated for shorty award over last 4 years
Some articles have been used as references in medical research, such as international journal Pharma ISSN 0975-6299.

Sources
(1) Antibacterial Properties of Nonwoven Wound Dressings Coated with Manuka Honey or Methylglyoxal by Bulman SEL1, Tronci G2, Goswami P3, Carr C4, Russell SJ5.(PubMed)
(2) Antibacterial properties of tualang honey and its effect in burn wound management: a comparative study by Nasir NA1, Halim AS, Singh KK, Dorai AA, Haneef MN.(PubMed)
(3) The antibacterial properties of Malaysian tualang honey against wound and enteric microorganisms in comparison to manuka honey by Tan HT1, Rahman RA, Gan SH, Halim AS, Hassan SA, Sulaiman SA, Kirnpal-Kaur B.(PubMed)
(4) Chronic bacterial infections: living with unwanted guests by Young D1, Hussell T, Dougan G.(PubMed)

Ginger, the Potent Free radical Scavenging activities

By Kyle J. Norton

Ginger may have a potential effect in reducing oxidative stress by inhibiting the overexpression of free radicals as scavengers, some studies suggested.

Free radical is an unstable molecule with the unpaired electron in the outer ring of the atom. In order for them to become stable, free radical is actively to donate or steal an electron from the stable molecules.

Once started, the chain of domino's effect cannot be stopped until the outer ring of the electron is paired or inhibited by the antioxidant.

Free radical scavengers are antioxidants which inhibit the oxidation.

There are 2 types of antioxidants in the body including the antioxidant enzymes produced by the host and dietary sources of antioxidant intake by the host.

Oxidative stress is the expression of the imbalance of the levels of the free radicals and antioxidants in the body.

In other words, oxidative stress can either caused by overexpression of free radicals or low levels of antioxidant enzymes.

A prolonged period of oxidative stress can damage the body tissue, alternated the immune function and cells DNA, leading to the etiology of much chronic health problems including cardiovascular and inflammatory disease, and cancer.

There are many causes of overexpression of free radicals, some researchers suggested that fried foods, alcohol, tobacco smoke, pesticides, air pollutants, and many more are contributed to the onset of the condition.

Ginger (Zingiber officinale) or ginger root, the second superfood used for thousands of years by mankind, is the genus Zingiber, belonging to the family Zingiberaceae, native to Tamil.

The root has been used in traditional and Chinese medicine to treat dyspepsia, gastroparesis, constipation, edema, difficult urination, colic, etc.

On finding the chemical constituents that constitute to the free radical scavenger activity of ginger, a research team at the University of Mysore analyzed the chemical composition and antioxidant activity (in aqueous and solvent extracts) of Ginger root (Zingiber officinale).

During the experiment, application of ethanol, methanol, acetone, 80% methanol and 80% ethanolic extracts to determine free radical scavenging activity, suggested that the order of antioxidant activity by reducing power and free radical scavenging activity by DPPH was 80% methanolic > 80%ethanolic > methanolic > ethanolic > 30°C water >100°C water > acetonic extract.

These results suggested that ginger efficacy in the inhibition of the free radicals was not attributed to a single ingredient but all members of the antioxidant family.

In the investigation of the free radical scavenger activity of 4 essential oils of young and mature rhizomes, air-dried and steamed rhizomes, and seed rhizomes of Zingiber officinale Roscoe (ginger), researchers found
* All prepared ginger essential oils, showed a significant free radical scavenger property

* Essential oil from the seed and air-dried rhizomes demonstrated a highest anti-free radical activity compared to others preparation.

* Essential oil from the seed and air-dried rhizomes also are the better free radical scavenger agents, compared to ginger oleoresins obtained by ethanol and hypercritical carbon dioxide extraction and essential oils of 5 other plants in the family Zingiberaceae.

* [6]-shogaol, the bioactive compound isolated from the ginger was most active against filament formation and growth of C. albicans, followed by citral and [6]-gingerol.

An additional examination also indicated that ginger oleoresin, and especially that obtained by ethanol extraction, with a high [6]-gingerol content exhibited potent scavenging activity against 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl radicals in comparison to essential oils of ginger and other Zingiberaceae plants.

In support of the above differentiation, researchers at the North China Coal Medical College, in the report of "[Scavenging effects of ginger on superoxide anion and hydroxyl radical]" wrote,
"Ginger can significantly scavenge O2-. in hypoxanthine-xanthine oxidase system and.OH in ultraviolet exposure of H2O2 system". and  "The scavenging effects of ginger on O2-. and.OH may contribute to explaining some of the pharmacological mechanisms of this drug".

Taken altogether, ginger with the abundant bioactive compound may be considered a  free radical scavenger functional food for preventing overexpression of free radical in the initiation of a chain reaction

Natural Medicine for Fatty Liver And Obesity Reversal - The Revolutionary Findings To Achieve Optimal Health And Lose Weight

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Ovarian Cysts And PCOS Elimination
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Permanently Eliminate All Types of Ovarian Cysts Within 2 Months

Back to Kyle J. Norton Homepage http://kylejnorton.blogspot.ca


Author Biography
Kyle J. Norton (Scholar, Master of Nutrition, All right reserved)
Health article writer and researcher; Over 10.000 articles and research papers have been written and published online, including worldwide health, ezine articles, article base, health blogs, self-growth, best before it's news, the karate GB daily, etc.,.
Named TOP 50 MEDICAL ESSAYS FOR ARTISTS & AUTHORS TO READ by Disilgold.com Named 50 of the best health Tweeters Canada - Huffington Post
Nominated for shorty award over last 4 years
Some articles have been used as references in medical research, such as international journal Pharma and Bioscience, ISSN 0975-6299.


Sources
(1) Anti-Candida and radical scavenging activities of essential oils and oleoresins of Zingiber officinale Roscoe and essential oils of other plants belonging to the family Zingiberaceae by Takahashi M1, Inouye S, Abe S.(PubMed)
(2) [Scavenging effects of ginger on superoxide anion and hydroxyl radical].[Article in Chinese] by Cao ZF1, Chen ZG, Guo P, Zhang SM, Lian LX, Luo L, Hu WM. (PubMed)
(3) Chemical composition and antioxidant properties of ginger root (Zingiber officinale) (Research Gate)

Herbal Andrographis, the Potential Anti-inflammation and Infection Functional Remedy

By Kyle J. Norton

Scientists may have found a herbal plant for the treatment of inflammatory diseases with no side effects, according to the studies.

Inflammation is a natural reaction of the immune system self-protection to remove harmful stimuli, including damaged cells, irritants, pathogens... from our body.

Acute inflammatory inflammation is a result of the over-response of the immune system after sensing the injury or damage of the body through activating the protein associated with the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines.

The aim of the proinflammatory cytokines is to kill the invasive pathogens, which try to enter the body through the wound.

The immune system in the stimulating production of proinflammatory cytokines may induce overproduction of these cytokines can cause death or damage to the nearby cells, leading to scar formation and symptoms of localized swelling, redness and fever.

Chronic inflammation is a serious condition caused by the immune system adapt to the new change due to its inability to kill all the invasion within a set of times.

Some researchers in the observation of the history of immune evolution suggested that immune system also try to adapt to the new environment such as chronic inflammation if, for whatever reasons, it can not fill all invasive pathogens within 3 to weeks, leading to the development of several diseases and conditions, including some cancers and rheumatoid arthritis.

Furthermore, chronic inflammation can also be caused by the autoimmune disorder, which involves your immune system mistakenly attacking healthy tissue, long-term exposure to irritants, such as industrial chemicals or polluted air.

Dr. Anne M. Minihane, the lead scientist in the study "Low-grade inflammation, diet composition, and health: current research evidence and its translation" wrote, "An unresolved inflammatory response is likely to be involved from the early stages of disease development" and " The latest research in the areas of acute and chronic inflammation and cardiometabolic, gut and cognitive health is presented along with the cellular and molecular mechanisms underlying inflammation–health/disease associations".

And. " Such approaches are likely to provide a more discriminating means of quantifying inflammation–health/disease associations, and the ability of diet to positively modulate inflammation and provide the much-needed evidence to develop research portfolios that will inform new product development and associated health claims".

The results clearly suggested that adding certain amounts of anti-inflammatory foods into your diet may be the best way to prevent chronic inflammatory diseases.
Andrographis paniculata is also known as Andrographis is a herbaceous plant, genus Andrographis, belonging to the family Acanthaceae, native to India and Sri Lanka. It has been used in traditional Siddha and Ayurvedic in treating the common cold, flu, upper respiratory infections, infectious diseases, diarrhea, dysentery, cholera, pneumonia, swollen lymph nodes, leprosy, bronchitis, sore throats, tuberculosis, chicken pox, etc.

Besides the main ingredient andrographolides, giving the plant a bitter taste, other ingredients includediterpene lactones, such as neoandrographolide, andrographiside, 14-doexy-11, 12-didehydro andrographolide, etc., flavonoinds viz., oroxylin, wogonin, andrographidines A, B, C, D, E, F.


With an aim to reaffirm the traditional use of Andrographis paniculata for treatment of infection and inflammation, researchers examined the effects of Andrograpanin, one of the diterpene lactones in A. paniculata in vivo and in vitro.

Application of Andrograpanin inhibited the NO and other 3 pro-inflammatory cytokines in a range from 5-90 microM at a dose-dependent manner.

The efficacy of anti-inflammatory activity of Andrograpanin was associated with the reduction of the expression of iNOS, enzymes in catalyzing the production of NO and pro-inflammatory cytokines gene (proteins) expression.

Furthermore, the anti-inflammatory effects were contributed by inhibiting the protein (p38) and (mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPKs)) which are responsive to stress stimuli, p38 and stress response.

Dr. Liu J, after taking into account co and confounders wrote, "andrograpanin might be useful as a potential anti-inflammatory leading compound for inflammatory drug development".

Additional analysis of other major compound isolated from herbal Andrographis, researchers looked into Human β-defensin-2 (hBD-2), an inducible antimicrobial peptide that plays an important role in innate immunity. 

As a prediction, according to the PCR and Western blot assays, injection of Andro (1.0-10 µmol/L) exhibits the expression of hBD-2 in a dose-dependent manner.

However, under the expression of SB203580 (an inhibitor of p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (p38 MAPK)), MG-132 (an inhibitor of nuclear factor κB (NF-κB)), and an NF-κB activator inhibitor, but not by an inhibitor of ERK (PD98059) or by an inhibitor of JNK(SP600125), the effects of hBD-2 mRNA and protein expression in responsive to andro were attenuated.

These results clearly suggested andro exert its antimicrobial effects by exhibiting the expression of hBD-2 through regulating the functions of the innate immune response against stress and stimuli.

Taken altogether, herbal Andrographis processed high levels of bioactive compounds may be considered a functional remedy against inflammation and infection.

Natural Medicine for Fatty Liver And Obesity Reversal - The Revolutionary Findings To Achieve Optimal Health And Lose Weight

How To Get Rid Of Eye Floaters
Contrary To Professionals Prediction, Floaters Can Be Cured Naturally

Ovarian Cysts And PCOS Elimination
Holistic System In Existence That Will Show You How To
Permanently Eliminate All Types of Ovarian Cysts Within 2 Months

Back to Kyle J. Norton Homepage http://kylejnorton.blogspot.ca


Author Biography
Kyle J. Norton (Scholar, Master of Nutrition, All right reserved)
Health article writer and researcher; Over 10.000 articles and research papers have been written and published online, including worldwide health, ezine articles, article base, health blogs, self-growth, best before it's news, the karate GB daily, etc.,.
Named TOP 50 MEDICAL ESSAYS FOR ARTISTS & AUTHORS TO READ by Disilgold.com Named 50 of the best health Tweeters Canada - Huffington Post
Nominated for shorty award over last 4 years
Some articles have been used as references in medical research, such as international journal Pharma and Bioscience, ISSN 0975-6299.

References
(2) Xiang-Qi-Tang and its active components exhibit anti-inflammatory and anticoagulant properties by inhibiting MAPK and NF-κB signaling pathways in LPS-treated rat cardiac microvascular endothelial cells BY He CL, Yi PF, Fan QJ, Shen HQ, Jiang XL, Qin QQ, Song Z, Zhang C, Wu SC, Wei XB, Li YL, Fu BD. (PubMed)
(3) Andrographolide exerted its antimicrobial effects by upregulation of human β-defensin-2 induced through p38 MAPK and NF-κB pathway in human lung epithelial cells by Shao ZJ, Zheng XW, Feng T, Huang J, Chen J, Wu YY, Zhou LM, Tu WW, Li H.(PubMed).
(4) Andrograpanin, isolated from Andrographis paniculata, exhibits anti-inflammatory property in lipopolysaccharide-induced macrophage cells through down-regulating the p38 MAPKs signaling pathways by Liu J, Wang ZT, Ge BX.(PubMed)
(5) Low-grade inflammation, diet composition and health: current research evidence and its translation by Anne M. Minihane, 1 ,* Sophie Vinoy, 2 Wendy R. Russell, 3 Athanasia Baka, 4 Helen M. Roche,5 Kieran M. Tuohy, 6 Jessica L. Teeling, 7 Ellen E. Blaak, 8 Michael Fenech, 9 David Vauzour, 1Harry J. McArdle, 3 Bas H. A. Kremer, 10 Luc Sterkman, 11 Katerina Vafeiadou, 12Massimo Massi Benedetti, 13 Christine M. Williams, 14 and Philip C. Calder. (PMC)