* Green Tea Polyphenols Inhibit Colonic Inner Lining Inflammation That Cause Colitis

Kyle J. Norton


Green tea processed bioactive polyphenols may have a therapeutic and profound effect in inhibited colonic inner lining inflammation that cause colitis, some scientists suggested.

Green tea, a precious drink processes numbers of health benefit known to almost everyone in Asia and Western world.

Colitis is a medical condition characterized by inflammation of the inner lining of the colon as a result of infection, inflammation caused by other bowel diseases.


The disease in most cases is caused by infection of food poisoning, parasites or bacteria and inflammatory bowel disease (Crohn's diseaermse, ulcerative colitis).

However, colitis, including pseudomembranous colitis can also be caused by long term intake in antibiotics, such as ciprofloxacin, levofloxacin,.....and penicillins.

According to years of study, colitis is closely correlated to patients family history, environmental factors as industrialization, urban settings, and northern geographical latitudes.... and ethnicity.

Some researchers suggested that colitis (ulcerative colitis) is also associated to some psychological factors. Rev. John B. Murray at the St. John University, said, "Almost 50 yeas ago ulcerative colitis was included among the seven classical psychosomatic diseases" and "However, for the past decade the psychogenic approach to this disorder has been replaced by physiological and immunological explanations and treatments"(4).

Most common symptoms of colitis are diarrhea, often with blood or pus, abdominal pain and cramping,..... rectal pain and bleeding. In severe cases, the disease can lead to life-threatening complications of perforated colon, severe dehydration, liver disease,.... and osteoporosis.

Anti-inflammatory conventional medicine used as the first line of treatment of colitis may be effective, however, prolonged period of intake may cause side effects such as stomach pain and heartburn. headaches, dizziness, ringing in the ears,... and allergy to skin.

In serious case,  the medicine can lead to stomach ulcers, hypertension,..... and liver or kidney problems. 

If you are taking such medicine, please make sure you discuss the side effects with your doctor.

In the comparison of the effects of green tea extract epigallocatechin-3-gallate, EGCG and
Piper nigrum (L.) alkaloid piperine in mice colitis induced by oral administration of dextran sodium sulfate randomly assigned to a daily oral administration of 6.9 mg/kg body weight EGCG or Piper nigrum (L.) piperine (2.9 mg/kg body weight) or the combination of the both with piperine used in the combination to enhance the bioavailability of EGCG and untreated controls, researchers at the Münster University Hospital showed that
* Mice groups treated with the combination demonstrate a significant effect in reduced weight loss and improve over all survival in compared to non treatment group.

*  EGCG or Piper nigrum (L.) piperine or the combination of piperine and EGCG also exert a significant effect in blocking histological damages to the colon and decreasing tissue concentrations of malondialdehyde, an indication of decreased oxidative stress.

According to neutrophils accumulation assay, application of green tea EGCG and piperine displayed a strong activity in reduced ROS expression in induction of lipid peroxidation through activation of expression of antioxidant enzymes in host  tissue such as superoxide dismutase(SOD) and glutathione peroxidase(GPO).


Further examining also found that the combined ingredients  also inhibited the production of proinflammatory cytokines.


Dr. Brückner M, after taking into account of other con-founders suggested, "the concept of anti-inflammatory properties of EGCG being generally beneficial in the DSS-model of colitis".

Interestingly, in dextran sulfate sodium (DSS)-induced mouse model of colitis, application of green tea EGCG (3.2 mg/g) as a source of drinking fluid for 3 days, researchers found that EGCG application exhibits a significant effect in ameliorated of colon shortening and spleen enlargement caused by injection of DSS and modulated the production of levels inflammatory cytokines of of interleukin 1 beta (IL-1β) and

Interleukin 6 (IL-6) plays the important roles in regulation of immune and inflammatory responses to acute and chronic infections.

Further more, green tea oral administration also decreased levels of tumor necrosis factor-α, a cell signaling protein in activated systemic inflammation and pro inflammatory cytokines in acute phase of reaction and inhibited ROS expression colonic lipid peroxides through antioxidant activity.


Moreover, the bioactive polyphenol EGCG also improved the small intestinal function in reduced leaky gut, associated to risk of increase the number of harmful compounds entering the bloodstream.

Further analysis of green tea efficacy in treatment of colitis, researchers discovered that green tea EGCG also induced weight loss through binding on the surface of the small intestine in decreased protein and lipid digestion.

In additional evaluation of green tea polyphenols (GrTP, EGCG) and sulfasalazine activity in colitis induced by injection of Dextran sodium sulfate (DSS) to cause deficiency of IL-10 in BALB/c mice, researchers at the University of Kentucky, showed that the combined administration significantly ameliorates colonic damage and histological scores and decreases expression of the inflammatory markers TNFα (3-fold), IL-6 (14-fold) as mentioned above.

Importantly, treated mice with both green tea polyphenols (GrTP, EGCG) and sulfasalazine also expressed a huge improvement in antioxidant capacity in inhibition of ROS in initiated chain reaction to facilitate of plagues formation and inflammation, observed by activity of bio maker lectin levels.

The information findings suggested that green tea with abundantly selective bioactive polyphenols may be considered as a functional food for prevention and treatment of colitis.

Intake of green tea supplement should be taken with exceptional care as acute liver toxicity was reported in numbers of case.

However, further data  collection on large example size and multi centers studies performed with human consumption of the whole food during the course of the disease will be necessary to complete the picture of green tea and green tea' polyphenols anti colitis possibilities.


Natural Medicine for Fatty Liver And Obesity Reversal - The Revolutionary Findings To Achieve Optimal Health And Loose Weight

Ovarian Cysts And PCOS Elimination
Holistic System In Existence That Will Show You How To
Permanently Eliminate All Types of Ovarian Cysts Within 2 Months

Back to Kyle J. Norton Home page http://kylejnorton.blogspot.ca
Author Biography
Kyle J. Norton (Scholar, Master of Nutrients, All right reserved)
Health article writer and researcher; Over 10.000 articles and research papers have been written and published on line, including world wide health, ezine articles, article base, healthblogs, selfgrowth, best before it's news, the karate GB daily, etc.,.
Named TOP 50 MEDICAL ESSAYS FOR ARTISTS & AUTHORS TO READ by Disilgold.com Named 50 of the best health Tweeters Canada - Huffington Post
Nominated for shorty award over last 4 years
Some articles have been used as references in medical research, such as international journal Pharma and Bio science, ISSN 0975-6299.


Sources
(1) Green tea polyphenol epigallocatechin-3-gallate shows therapeutic antioxidative effects in a murine model of colitis by Brückner M1, Westphal S, Domschke W, Kucharzik T, Lügering A.(PubMed)
(2) (-)-Epigallocatechin-3-gallate decreases colonic inflammation and permeability in a mouse model of colitis, but reduces macronutrient digestion and exacerbates weight loss by Bitzer ZT1, Elias RJ1, Vijay-Kumar M2, Lambert JD3,4.(PubMed)
(3) Green Tea Polyphenols and Sulfasalazine have Parallel Anti-Inflammatory Properties in ColitisModels by Oz HS1, Chen T, de Villiers WJ.(PubMed)
(4) Psychological Factors in Ulcerative Colitis by Rev. John B. Murray 

* Andrographis Aniculata, The Functional Herb That Works Better Than Antibiotics Against Upper Respiratory Tract Infection

By Kyle J. Norton, Master of Nutrition


Andrographis paniculata may be one of the best herb in inhibited  upper respiratory tract infection, some scientists suggested.

Upper respiratory tract infection is caused by spreading from person to person in respiratory droplets through sneezing or coughing of individual infected with the virus or bacteria.

The disease is the infection of the airway above the glottis or vocal cords, including the nose, sinuses, pharynx, and larynx, tonsillitis, pharyngitis, laryngitis, sinusitis, otitis media,....

Most common disease of upper respiratory infection are common Cold, Sinusitis, Pharyngitis, Epiglottitis and Laryngotracheitis infected by micro organisms including bacteria and virus, leading to symptoms of runny, stuffy nose and sneezing and sometimes fever.

In severe case of infection upper airway infection such as Haemophilus influenzae type B is caused by bacterial Streptococcus pyogenes.

Not all people who comes into direct contact with an ill person will be infected. However, people with chronic ailments and weakened immune system are susceptible to the diseases.

According to the population-based study, conducted between December 2011 and March 2013 in South Baden, Germany. From a total of 69, 695 individuals approached via mail 12, 839 individuals in the age range of 18 to 70 years completed the screening questionnaire, researchers found that  upper respiratory infection is correlated positively with female sex, younger age, and frequent contact to children, smoking status, and obesity as well as a number of co-morbidities, most strongly asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease(4). 

 Antibiotics may be effective for treatment of the disease, however they may induce side effects such gastrointestinal discomforts such as nausea. vomiting. diarrhea and stomach pain, vaginal itching or discharge. headache. rash,.... and tongue swollen.

Moreover, antibiotics may also interact with other prescription and nonprescription medications, including clarithromycin and metoclopramide.

Andrographis paniculata is also known as Andrographis is a herbaceous plant, genus Andrographis, belonging to the family Acanthaceae, native to India and Sri Lanka.

The forgotten herb has been used in traditional Siddha and Ayurvedic for treatment of common cold, flu, upper respiratory infections, infectious diseases, diarrhea, dysentery, cholera,.... and pneumonia.

According to the joint study lead by the ilpakorn University in the review of the existence data of the literature and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials, Andrographis paniculata exerted a strong implication in the symptomatic treatment of uncomplicated upper respiratory tract infection by measuring the reduction in symptom severity scores.

In a total of 433 patients reported in three trials included in the statistical analysis, patients treated with combination of Andrographis aniculata, Acanthopanax senticosus and Andrographis aniculata or alone exhibited a significant improvement of 2.13 points and 10.85 points on the symptom severity score in compared placebo.

Dr. Poolsup N, the lead author said, "A. paniculata extract alone or in combination with A. senticosus extract may be more effective than placebo and may be an appropriate alternative treatment of uncomplicated acute upper respiratory tract infection".

Furthermore, in the review the use of over-prescription of antibiotics related to absence from work due to acute upper respiratory tract infection, researchers found that application A. paniculata are more superior to placebo in alleviating the subjective symptoms of uncomplicated upper respiratory tract infection.

The study also indicated that all review trials scored at least three, out of a maximum of five, for methodological quality on the Jadad scale used to assess the methodological quality of a clinical trial.

More importantly, the efficacy of A. paniculata in relieving symptoms of uncomplicated upper respiratory tract infection only induced generally mild and infrequent adverse effects.

In supporting the Andrographis aniculata's anti upper respiratory tract infection property, an investigation included a total of 223 patients of both sexes randomized in two groups which received either KalmCold (200 mg/day) or placebo in a double blind manner, researcher showed that A. paniculata processes a promising result in ameliorating symptoms of cough, expectoration, nasal discharge, headache, fever, sore throat, earache, malaise/fatigue and sleep disturbance from day 1 to day 3 of treatment in comparison to placebo group.

Additionally, The overall efficacy of extract of Andrographis paniculata was found to be 2.1 times (52.7%) higher than placebo.

Taking together, there is no doubt that Andrographis aniculata has a potency used as therapeutic agent for relieving symptoms and treatment of upper respiratory tract infection but intake of large doses and long term intake should be taken with care.



Natural Medicine for Fatty Liver And Obesity Reversal - The Revolutionary Findings To Achieve Optimal Health And Loose Weight

Ovarian Cysts And PCOS Elimination
Holistic System In Existence That Will Show You How To
Permanently Eliminate All Types of Ovarian Cysts Within 2 Months

Back to Kyle J. Norton Home page http://kylejnorton.blogspot.ca
Kyle J. Norton, Master of Nutrition
Health article writer and researcher; Over 10.000 articles and research papers have been written and published on line, including world wide health, ezine articles, article base, healthblogs, selfgrowth, best before it's news, the karate GB daily, etc.,.
Named TOP 50 MEDICAL ESSAYS FOR ARTISTS & AUTHORS TO READ by Disilgold.com Named 50 of the best health Tweeters Canada - Huffington Post
Nominated for shorty award over last 4 years
Some articles have been used as references in medical research, such as international journal Pharma and Bio science, ISSN 0975-6299.

Sources
(1) Andrographis paniculata in the symptomatic treatment of uncomplicated upperrespiratory tract infection: systematic review of randomized controlled trials by Poolsup N1, Suthisisang C, Prathanturarug S, Asawamekin A, Chanchareon U.(PubMed)
(2) Andrographis paniculata in the treatment of upper respiratory tract infections: a systematic review of safety and efficacy by Coon JT1, Ernst E.(PubMed)
(3) A randomized double blind placebo controlled clinical evaluation of extract of Andrographis paniculata (KalmCold) in patients with uncomplicated upperrespiratory tract infection by Saxena RC1, Singh R, Kumar P, Yadav SC, Negi MP, Saxena VS, Joshua AJ, Vijayabalaji V, Goudar KS, Venkateshwarlu K, Amit A.(PubMed)
(4) Screening score to identify people prone to respiratory tract infections in the community by Alexandra Nieters1 *, Susanne Weber2 , Magdeldin Elgizouli3 , Livia Maccioni1 , Stefan Wolfrum1 , Jacques T. Tshiang2 , Ilona Geist1 , Hans-Hartmut Peter1 , Werner Vach2 1 Center for Chronic Immunodeficiency, Medical Center, University of Freiburg, Freib(Research Article)

*Kidney Bean's Bioactive Compound Which Programs Death of Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV), Biomedical Literature Reveal

Kyle J. Norton, Master of Nutrition


Kidney bean may process potential and strong effects in inhibited the-human immunodeficiency virus (anti-HIV), that causes HIV infection, the recent joint study suggested.

Kidney bean is popular food, with kidney shape, strong flavor and color in reddish brown in nature, used often as an excellent dietary selection because of enormous health benefits with a good source of protein and minerals.

Human immunodeficiency virus(HIV) is the viral cause of acquired immunodeficiency syndrome overtime, if infected.

People who are HIV carrier may experience initial symptoms of fever, rashes, swollen lymph nodes, and fatigue that may last a few days to several weeks.

However, many infected people remain well for more than a decade until the HIV starts to destroy certain types of white blood cells, causing weakening immune defenses against infections and cancers.

HIV in most cases, spreads through unprotected sex with an infected person. The virus also spread by contact with the blood of an infected person such as sharing drug needles.Importantly,

Women can transmit the virus to their babies during pregnancy or childbirth.

Some researchers in concerns of HIV resistance suggested that the wide spread of Human-Immunodeficiency Viruses that resist AIDS medicines may be caused by primarily transmitted of people who are not actually undergoing treatment.

Conventional medication used to treatment HIV may be effective for infected individual to live longer, but long term intake can facilitate gastrointestinal discomforts such as upset stomach, vomiting, diarrhea, headache fever,.... and muscle pain. However, long term use of such medication can cause serious side effects, including kidney and liver damage, heart disease, diabetes,.... and osteoporosis.

According to the Chinese University of Hong Kong, Lectins, class of sugar-binding proteins found abundantly in all beans, including kidney bean exhibited anti viral effect against the HIV-1-RT activity, in animal and human ABO blood types models(1).

In the study to investigate variety of antifungal proteins isolated from seeds of leguminous plants such as red kidney bean for their ability to inhibit human immunodeficiency virus, researchers found that nearly all leguminous antifungal proteins examined have a strong inhibition of HIV-1 reverse transcriptase, protease and integrase to some extent.

Dr. Ng TB, the lead author in the study of inhibitory effects of antifungal proteins on human immunodeficiency virus type 1 said, "(Kidney beanexert the) ability to inhibit human immunodeficiency virustype I (HIV-1) reverse transcriptase(, an enzyme regulated the formation of RNA from a DNA), protease(an enzyme that breaks down proteins and peptides) and integrase (produced by HIV vieus), enzymes essential to the life cycle of HIV-1"(2).

These results  indicated that lectin inhibited virus HIV-1 through cells cycle arrest by breaking down substance for the virus to spread and multiply and restored the original healthy DNA that was alternated by infectious virus.

Further data collection on large example size and multi centers studies performed with human consumption of the whole food's bioactive compound lectins during the course of infection will be necessary to complete the picture of kidney bean lectin anti HIV possibilities.


Natural Medicine for Fatty Liver And Obesity Reversal - The Revolutionary Findings To Achieve Optimal Health And Loose Weight

Ovarian Cysts And PCOS Elimination
Holistic System In Existence That Will Show You How To
Permanently Eliminate All Types of Ovarian Cysts Within 2 Months

Back to Kyle J. Norton Home page http://kylejnorton.blogspot.ca

Kyle J. Norton, Master of Nutrition
Health article writer and researcher; Over 10.000 articles and research papers have been written and published on line, including world wide health, ezine articles, article base, healthblogs, selfgrowth, best before it's news, the karate GB daily, etc.,.
Named TOP 50 MEDICAL ESSAYS FOR ARTISTS & AUTHORS TO READ by Disilgold.com Named 50 of the best health Tweeters Canada - Huffington Post
Nominated for shorty award over last 4 years
Some articles have been used as references in medical research, such as international journal Pharma and Bio science, ISSN 0975-6299.

Sources
(1) A lectin with anti-HIV-1 reverse transcriptase, antitumor, and nitric oxide inducing activities from seeds of Phaseolus vulgaris cv. extralong autumn purple bean by Fang EF1, Lin P, Wong JH, Tsao SW, Ng TB.(PubMed)
(2) Inhibitory effects of antifungal proteins on human immunodeficiency virus type 1 reverse transcriptase, protease and integrase by Ng TB1, Au TK, Lam TL, Ye XY, Wan DC.(PubMed)

Herbal Anise Bioactive Anethole That Protects Bone Integrity Against Onset of Osteoporosis

Kyle J. Norton

Anise may have a potential and substantial effect in reduced risk and progression and treatment of osteoporosis, some scientists suggested.

Osteoporosis is considered as a bone disease caused substantial loss of bone density and deterioration of bone tissue. In other words, the disease is caused by the body inability to make new bone to replace bone loss.

According to statistic, osteoporosis affects an estimated 75 million people in Europe, USA and Japan, causing more than more than 8.9 million fractures annually.

The disease is also the leading cause of fracture. The International Osteoporosis Foundation wrote, " For the year 2000, there were an estimated 9 million new osteoporotic fractures, of which 1.6 million were at the hip, 1.7 million were at the forearm and 1.4 million were clinical vertebral fractures. Europe and the Americas accounted for 51% of all these fractures, while most of the remainder occurred in the Western Pacific region and Southeast Asia ".

Osteoporosis is not caused by a single factor, The combination factors below are associated to the causes of the disease, including low levels of estrogen in women and testosterone in men due to aging, abnormal levels of a hormone that plays an important role in regulated bone growth, such as parathyroid hormone and growth hormone.

Decrease levels of vitamin D or mineral calcium also have a strong implication in accelerated bone loss.

Some researchers suggested that genetic mutation diseases such as multiple myeloma, long-term unhealthy diet and lifestyle and use of medication may also have a direct effect in the disease development.

If you experience symptoms frequent back pain, loss of height over time, a stooped posture,... and bone fracture that occurs much more easily than normal, you may have osteoporosis.

Conventional medicine used to treat osteoporosis, such as Bisphosphonates, Denosumab, Parathyroid Hormone Hormone Therapy,... and  SERMs (Selective Estrogen Receptor Modulators) may be effective in slow down bone loss and reduced risk of fracture. However, the medicine may induce certain side effects such as ulcers of the esophagus, upper GI irritation, irregular heartbeat, low calcium levels, skin rash Joint, bone,...... and muscle pain

In serious cases, although it is rare, the medication may cause osteonecrosis of the jaw and increased production of a parathyroid hormone that can lead to fragile bones, the risk of kidney stones, excessive urination,  abdominal pain,..... psychological symptoms of depression and forgetfulness.

If you are taking osteoporosis medicine, please make sure that you understand the risk and side effects.

Anise is a flowering plant of the species of Pimpinella anisum, genus Pimpinella, belongings to the family Apiaceae native to Egypt and the Mediterranean region.

The herb has been used in traditional herbal medicine as a fragrance in soaps, oils, and mouth fresheners and as anti stomachic, antiseptic, anti-spasmodic, .... agent.

Chemical constituents
Anethole, D-pinene, I-phellandrene, Alpha-terpineol, Safrol, Methyl chavicol, Resin, Shikimic acid, etc.

In the investigation of the herbal selective estrogen receptor modulators or SERMs effect in risk of osteoporosis by comparison of plant aqueous extracts derived from Greek flora (Sideritis euboea, Sideritis clandestina, Marticaria chamomilla, and Pimpinella anisum), researchers at the Medical School, University of Athens found that all extracts exert profound activities in stimulating the differentiation and mineralization of osteoblastic cell culture.

Further analysis, also discovered that all plant extracts at concentration range 10-100 microg/mL, including Anise induced osteoblastic cell differentiation in the formation of bone and improved bone density.

These results indicated that Anise and other plant extracts may comprise a substantial anti-estrogenic effect in reduced risk of osteoporosis in dose-dependent manner.

Also, in the evaluation of (E)-anethole, a major bioactive compound isolated from Anise protective effect on H2O2-induced alterations in collagen metabolism, researchers showed that application of anethole of 0.5 µM for 1 h completely prevents the alternation of cells treated with 300 µM H2O2.

In details, Anethole injection inhibited the effect of 300 µM H2O2 that caused a significant decrease in collagen biosynthesis of 54 %, correlated with alterations of type I collagen mRNA expression in the osteoblasts in initiated higher bone turn over.

Hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), the reactive oxygen species(ROS) is responsible for inducing the bone loss.

Type I collagen, a determinant of the biomechanical properties of bone tissue, is a type of collagen that forms large, eosinophilic fibers known as collagen fibers in the human body. Alternation of type I collagen mRNA causes the opposite effect.

Additional differentiation also revealed that Anise anethole administration at 10 µM, exerts most efficient suppression in the ameliorated expression of MMP-2 and MMP-9 caused by H2O2 induced alterations in collagen metabolism, in contributed to the 8 % decrease in the amount of collagen secreted into the medium.

Matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) are enzymes process function in processing certain components of bone tissue, through the expression of osteoclasts and osteoblasts.
The result suggested that application of H2O2 not only directly activates MMPs but also causes a decreased in the expression of their inhibitors, such as TIMP2, a metastasis suppressor in initiated alterations of collagen metabolism in bone.

The loss of MMP-9 improved the connectivity density of the trabeculae, whereas the loss of MMP-2 reduced this parameter. Similar differential effects in architecture were observed in the L5 vertebra, but bone volume fraction was lower for both MMP-2 and MMP-9 (in mice study) "

Taken together, Anise and its bioactive anethole may be considered as a functional herb for reduced risk and treatment of osteoporosis caused by collagen loss in bone. However, intake of Anise supplement should be taken with extreme care in prevented toxicity.


Natural Medicine for Fatty Liver And Obesity Reversal - The Revolutionary Findings To Achieve Optimal Health And Lose Weight

How To Get Rid Of Eye Floaters
Contrary To Professionals Prediction, Floaters Can Be Cured Naturally

Ovarian Cysts And PCOS Elimination
Holistic System In Existence That Will Show You How To
Permanently Eliminate All Types of Ovarian Cysts Within 2 Months

Back to Kyle J. Norton Homepage http://kylejnorton.blogspot.ca


Author Biography
Kyle J. Norton (Scholar, Master of Nutrition, All right reserved)
Health article writer and researcher; Over 10.000 articles and research papers have been written and published online, including worldwide health, ezine articles, article base, health blogs, self-growth, best before it's news, the karate GB daily, etc.,.
Named TOP 50 MEDICAL ESSAYS FOR ARTISTS & AUTHORS TO READ by Disilgold.com Named 50 of the best health Tweeters Canada - Huffington Post
Nominated for shorty award over last 4 years
Some articles have been used as references in medical research, such as international journal Pharma and Bioscience, ISSN 0975-6299.


Sources
(1) Greek plant extracts exhibit selective estrogen receptor modulator (SERM)-like properties by Kassi E1, Papoutsi Z, Fokialakis N, Messari I, Mitakou S, Moutsatsou P.(PubMed)
(2) Anethole prevents hydrogen peroxide-induced apoptosis and collagen metabolism alterations in human skin fibroblast by Anna Galicka, Rafał Krętowski, Jolanta Nazaruk, and Marzanna Cechowska-Pasko(PubMed)
(3) Differential Effects Between the Loss of MMP-2 and MMP-9 on Structural and Tissue-Level Properties of Bone by Jeffry S Nyman,1,2,3,4 Conor C Lynch,5 Daniel S Perrien,2,3 Sophie Thiolloy,6 Elizabeth C O’Quinn,2,7 Chetan A Patil,4 Xiaohong Bi,2,4 George M Pharr,8,9 Anita Mahadevan-Jansen,4 andGregory R Mundy(PMC)
(4) Osteoporosis, a unitary hypothesis of collagen loss in skin and bone by Shuster S1.(PubMed)
(5) Osteoporosis - Incidence and burden by the International Osteoporosis Foundation

Ursolic Acid, the Bioactive Ingredient Isolated From Herbal Arctostaphylos Uva-Ursi Executes Endometrial Cancer Cells Before They Can Spread, Researchers Say

By Kyle J. Norton, Master of Nutrition

Herbal Arctostaphylos uva-ursi's active compound ursolic acid may have a potential and profound effect in blocking the early onset of endometrial cancer, some scientists suggested.

The endometrium is the inner lining of the mammalian uterus and very susceptible hormone change, particularly in the start and the end menstrual cycle.

Endometrial cancer is a late adulthood cancer characterized by abnormal cells of the endometrial lining of the uterus caused by the alternation of cells DNA.

In the advanced stage, endometrial cancerous cells can follow blood and lymph fluids circulation to infect other healthy tissue and organs.

Endometrial cancer is the fourth most common cancer among women overall, after breast cancer, lung cancer, and bowel cancer.

Researchers do not know what causes the alternation of DNA of cells in the lining of endometrium However, certain risk factors may be associated to the increased prevalence of the disease, such as the imbalance of female hormones in the body, years of menstruation, aging, obesity,... and use of hormone therapy.

If a woman experiences some symptoms of abnormal vaginal bleeding, vaginal bleeding in menopause bleeding between periods, persistent elvic pain,,,,,,,, and abnormal watery or blood-tinged discharge from your vagina, she should see her doctor right the way to rule out the possibility of endometrial cancer.

Arctostaphylos uva-ursi is one of the species of Bearberry, in the genus Arctostaphylos, belongings to the family Ericaceae, native to northern North America, Asia, and Europe.

The herb has been used in traditional medicine as a diuretic agent and to treat urinary problems, including bladder infections, kidney infection, kidney stone,..... and pelvic pain.

Arctostaphylos uva-ursi phytochemical compounds include arbutin, ursolic acid, tannic acid, gallic acid, some essential oil and resin, hydroquinones tannins, phenolic glycosides, and flavonoids.


Ursolic acid, a pentacyclic triterpene acid, extracted from Arctostaphylos uva-ursi is found to be effective in inhibition of the growth of endometrial cancer cell HEC108 line, in a dose- and time-dependent manner.

Injection at dose of 50, 75 or 100 microM in endometrial cancer cell HEC108 line, exerted a significant increase in the caspase-3 activity in initiating cancer cells apoptosis, after 24 h compared to levels in control.

The cleaved caspase-3 levels are found to increase linearly, depending on the volume of application.

Furthermore, application of ursolic acid also decreased the anti-apoptotic Bcl-2 protein levels which play an important role in promoted cancer cells survival and increased Bax expression in regulating cancer cell death by activation of tumor suppressor protein p53.

Dr. Achiwa Y, the lead scientist said, "ursolic acid induced apoptotic processes in these poorly differentiated endometrial cancer cells occurs through mechanisms involving mitochondrial pathways (or apoptosis) and Bcl-2 family proteins".

Apoptosis is a process that programs cell death.

Moreover, in the study to examine the effect of ursolic acid, on the growth of the endometrial cancer cell line SNG-II., ursolic acid strongly inhibited the growth of SNG-II cells.

At doses of At 25 and 50 microM strength, ursolic acid induced increased expression of caspase-3 activity to approximately 5-fold in compared to those control in facilitated cell apoptosis.

Similar to other study, levels of cleaved caspase-3 increased depending mainly on time- and dose- applied.

Additionally, the induced apoptotic processes in the endometrial cancer SNG-II cells by application of ursolic acid are also attributed to the activation of functions of mitochondrial pathways and Bcl-2 family proteins.

These results suggested that herbal Arctostaphylos uva-ursi bioactive compound ursolic acid stops the growth and proliferation of endometrial cancer cells by killing cancer cells through apoptotic pathways.

However, additional large sample size and multicenter clinical trials with human consumption during the course of the disease are necessary to reconfirm herbal Arctostaphylos uva-ursi bioactive compound ursolic acid anti endometrial cancer possibility.


Natural Medicine for Fatty Liver And Obesity Reversal - The Revolutionary Findings To Achieve Optimal Health And Lose Weight

Ovarian Cysts And PCOS Elimination
Holistic System In Existence That Will Show You How To
Permanently Eliminate All Types of Ovarian Cysts Within 2 Months

Back to Kyle J. Norton Homepage http://kylejnorton.blogspot.ca

Author Biography
Kyle J. Norton, Master of Nutrition
Health article writer and researcher; Over 10.000 articles and research papers have been written and published online, including worldwide health, ezine articles, article base, health blogs, self-growth, best before it's news, the karate GB daily, etc.,.
Named TOP 50 MEDICAL ESSAYS FOR ARTISTS & AUTHORS TO READ by Disilgold.com Named 50 of the best health Tweeters Canada - Huffington Post
Nominated for shorty award over last 4 years
Some articles have been used as references in medical research, such as international journal Pharma and Bioscience, ISSN 0975-6299.

References
(1) Molecular mechanism of ursolic acid-induced apoptosis in poorly differentiated endometrial cancer HEC108 cells by Achiwa Y, Hasegawa K, Udagawa Y. (PubMed)
(2) Ursolic acid induces Bax-dependent apoptosis through the caspase-3 pathway in endometrial cancer SNG-II cells by Achiwa Y, Hasegawa K, Komiya T, Udagawa Y. (PubMed)

* Herbal Andrographis, The Whole Herb That Normalizes the Functions of (Over or Under Active) Immune System

Kyle J. Norton, Master of Nutrition


Andrographis processed significant effects in enhanced immune function, through modulation of immune responses, a renowned institute study suggested.

Immunomodulatory activity is the action that regulates immune response against forming of diseases, including stimulating production of antibody and inhibiting white blood cells in signalling inflammation,.....

Overactive immune system is a class of autoimmune diseases or chronic inflammatory diseases caused by immune system attacking the body's tissue, including rheumatoid arthritis (RA), rheumatoid arthritis, systemiclupus erythematosus,.... and multiple sclerosis.

The wide spread of chronic inflammatory diseases in modern society are a burden to humans because of life-long debilitating illness, increased mortality and high costs for therapy and care.

Scientists do not know why immune system attacks the host body tissue. Some researchers suggested that these may be a result of immune malfunction in directed function of white blood cells (WBCs) to differentiate between own body cells and foreign particles, causing destruction of normal and healthy body cells. 

Underactive or weakened immune system caused by primary immune deficiency.or acquired immune deficiency.may not protect the body against foreign organism in initiated infection. 

Sometimes, temporary weaken immune system may also be caused by intake of certain conventional medicine, such as chemotherapy or drugs that treat cancer.

Primary immune deficiency.is under active immune system caused genetic mutation inheriated from parents.

Acquired immune deficiency is a weakened immune system caused by diseases that destroy white blood cells.

Andrographis paniculata, also known as Andrographis is a herbaceous plant, genus Andrographis, belongings to the family Acanthaceae, native to India and Sri Lanka,

The herb has been used in traditional Siddha and Ayurvedic in treating the common cold, flu, upper respiratory infections, infectious diseases, diarrhea, dysentery, cholera, pneumonia,

According to the Prin. K. M. Kundnani College of Pharmacy, HN-02, an extract containing a mixture of andrographolides plus 14-deoxyandrographolide and 14-deoxy-11,12-didehydroandrographolide together [12 +/- 3 %]) in a pure powder form at 1.0, 1.5, and 2.5 mg/kg on different in vivo and in vitro experimental models, demonstrated the ability in enhanced immune function by modulation of immune responses altered during antigen interaction, and to reverse the immunosuppression induced by cyclophosphamide (CYP).

Cyclophosphamide is an anti-cancer chemotherapy drug.

Dr. Naik SR, the lead author said, " HN-02 treatment significant increase in total WBC count" and "elevated the depressed hemagglutination antibody (HA) titer and increased the number of plaque-forming cells (PFCs) in the spleen cells of mice".

Depressed hemagglutination antibody (HA) are associated to risk of infection as the immune system no longer can prevent attachment of the virus to red blood cells.

Plaque-forming cells (PFCs) are IgM producing cells and spleen is the lymphoid organ.

In the evaluation of the immunomodulatory activity of herbal andrographis researchers at the Arizona State University, Tempe, Arizona, indicated that andrographis paniculata exhibited the effect through genes expression involved in immune cell activation and migration and various inflammatory responses, including wound healing, angiogenesis, and blood pressure modulation(2).

In compared to other extract used in the experiment, andrographis extract led to the alteration of expression of some cellular genes that have strong effect in modulated immunological response(2).

Additionally, in the concerns of the presence of lipopolysaccharide in medicinal preparation of the extracts researchers said, "the presence of LPS was not due to contamination of the extract, but instead was a common constituent of the immune-stimulatory extracts and as such, may play a role in immune regulatory activity"(2)
Truly, herbal extracts historically reported and used to stimulate the immune response including  Andrographis expressed a highly elevated levels of endotoxin in compared to lower levels of endotoxin presented in herbal extracts historically used to repress immune activity, such as Urtica dioica(2).

Lipopolysaccharide, a component of the outer membrane of Gram-negative bacteria, is a potent stimulator of the innate immune system used frequently in research and drug development.

Additionally, dichloromethane fraction of the methanolic extract.of Andrographis paniculata also expressed an impressive inhibition against testing human cancer and immune cells.

At low concentration, the dichloromethane extract enhanced immune function in attenuated the proliferation of HT-29 (colon cancer) cells and human peripheral blood lymphocytes (HPBLs)(3).

Furthermore, the study also found, andrographolide, another major compound in Andrographis paniculata exhibited immune ability to suppress irregular cell growth and cancer activity on diverse cancer cells in different types of human cancers.

Taking altogether, there is no doubt, that Andrographis consisted a strong immunomodulatory (including under or over active immune system) activity in regulated immune respond against procession of irregular cell growth and over reaction of foreign harmful substances, but intake of large amount should be taken with care.

Additional large sample size and multi center clinical trials with human consumption during the course of the immune disease are necessary to re confirm Andrographis immunomodulatory possibility.

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Kyle J. Norton, Master of Nutrition
Health article writer and researcher; Over 10.000 articles and research papers have been written and published on line, including world wide health, ezine articles, article base, healthblogs, selfgrowth, best before it's news, the karate GB daily, etc.,.
Named TOP 50 MEDICAL ESSAYS FOR ARTISTS & AUTHORS TO READ by Disilgold.com Named 50 of the best health Tweeters Canada - Huffington Post
Nominated for shorty award over last 4 years
Some articles have been used as references in medical research, such as international journal Pharma and Bio science, ISSN 0975-6299.

Sources
(1) Evaluation of immunomodulatory activity of an extract of andrographolides from Andographis paniculata by Naik SR1, Hule A.(PubMed)
(2) Regulation of inflammatory gene expression in PBMCs by immunostimulatory botanicals by Denzler KL1, Waters R, Jacobs BL, Rochon Y, Langland JO.(PubMed)
(3) Anticancer and immunostimulatory compounds from Andrographis paniculata by Kumar RA1, Sridevi K, Kumar NV, Nanduri S, Rajagopal S.(PubMed)

Posted by kyle J. Norton a

* Chaste Tree Berry,The Herbal Remedy That Protects and Restores Internal Eye Structures Against Cataract Formation, Scientists Showed

Kyle J. Norton, Master of Nutrition

Today, many whole herb ingredients worked together in herbal plants were proven effective in reduced risk and treatment of various diseases with little or no side effects by many respectable scientists through intensive research and studies. However, intake of synthetic version of single ingredient isolated from such plants may produce opposite outcomes.

Recent study suggested that chaste Tree Berry may be used to protect the internal structures of the eyes against selenite induced cataractogensis.

Selenite cataract is a rapidly-induced, convenient model for the study of age related (senile) cataract.

Selenite, named from the Ancient Greek word for the Moon. is a crystal like substance of mineral gypsum, composed of calcium sulfate dihydrate. It is one of Chinese herb used for treatment of heat and fire syndromes.

Long term contact with the crystal may cause side effects of headache, unstable emotional expression,..... and dizziness.

Cataractogensis is a process of cataract formation.

Cataract, one of common vision loss in people over age 40 and a leading cause of blindness, is a condition of blur vision caused by clouding of the lens in one or both eye(s).

According to statistic provided by Laser Eye Surgery Hub, In England, 30% of people 65 years or older have a visually impairing cataract in one or both eye(s). 10% of people 65 or over had already had cataract surgery. 95% of cataracts are age-related, usually after age 40.

There are many causes of cataract, some researchers suggested that aging and injury that cause the changes the tissue made up the eye's lens, past eye surgery or medical conditions such as diabetes are the common causes of the disease.

However, some inherited genetic disorders such as chromosome abnormalities, Lowe syndrome,,,,

and neurofibromatosis type 2, also are associated to increase risk of cataracts too.

Belief or not, cataracts can also be caused by other eye conditions.

Chaste tree berry is a species of Vitex agnus-castus, genus Vitex, belongings to the family Lamiaceae, native to the Mediterranean region.

The herb has been  used in herbal medicine for thousands of year as anaphrodisiac herb and considered as Queen herb in treating menstrual problems and discomforts.

According to the University of Kerala, flavonoids found in the chaste tree berry  exerted cataract protective effect in prevented damage of lenticular membrane and abnormal fiber structure in patient with cataract viewed through electron microscopy.

Furthermore, the study also found that chaste tree berry expresses a significant improvement of chaperone property of α-crystallin and soluble protein levels in two dimensional-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (2D-PAGE) and immunoblot analysis.

α-crystallin, a structural lens proteins plays an important role in protected the eyes against formation of eye diseases, including cataract.

Dr. Rooban BN, the lead author said, " FVN modulated selenite induced cataractogensis in rat pups by preventing loss of chaperone property, various changes in lens proteins, and lens structure, further strengthening its protective role".

Some researchers suggested that the efficacy of chaste tree berry in reduced risk and treatment of cataract may be a result of phytochemical antioxidants activity in scavenge free radicals that cause  oxidative stress, loss of calcium homeostasis, calpain activation and protein insolubilization.

More importantly, in a study of eight-day-old Sprague-Dawley rat pups divided into four groups: Control (G I), Sodium selenite-induced (G II), Sodium selenite+quercetin treated (G III), Sodium selenite+flavonoids from Vitex negundo (FVN) (G IV), group fed with sodium selenite+flavonoids showed normal levels of expression of lens of water soluble proteins in compared to other groups.


In fact, pups treated with FVN was found to exhibit the antioxidant effects in modulating biochemical parameters against selenite-induced cataract, the University of Kerala insisted.

In support to the above differentiation, the Sprague-Dawley rat pups of 8 days old divided into control (G I), selenite induced (G II), and selenite + V. negundo treated (G III) with cataract induced by the single subcutaneous injection of sodium selenite (4 mg/kg body weight) on the tenth day and V. negundo (2.5 mg/Kg body weight) administered intraperitoneally from eighth to 15th day study, researchers showed that group III  exert significantly reduced activities of superoxide dismutase, catalase, lower level of reactive oxygen species, Ca(2+), and thiobarbituric acid reactive substance.

Taking together, Chaste tree berry may process of therapeutic potential used for prevention of changes of internal eye structures that stimulated onset of cataract and treatment of cataract with little adverse effects.

However, additional large sample size and multi center clinical trials with human consumption during the course of the disease are necessary to re confirm chaste tree berry anti cataract possibility.


Natural Medicine for Fatty Liver And Obesity Reversal - The Revolutionary Findings To Achieve Optimal Health And Loose Weight

Ovarian Cysts And PCOS Elimination
Holistic System In Existence That Will Show You How To
Permanently Eliminate All Types of Ovarian Cysts Within 2 Months

Back to Kyle J. Norton Home page http://kylejnorton.blogspot.ca
Kyle J. Norton, Master of Nutrition
Health article writer and researcher; Over 10.000 articles and research papers have been written and published on line, including world wide health, ezine articles, article base, healthblogs, selfgrowth, best before it's news, the karate GB daily, etc.,.
Named TOP 50 MEDICAL ESSAYS FOR ARTISTS & AUTHORS TO READ by Disilgold.com Named 50 of the best health Tweeters Canada - Huffington Post
Nominated for shorty award over last 4 years
Some articles have been used as references in medical research, such as international journal Pharma and Bio science, ISSN 0975-6299.

Sources
(1) Analysis on the alterations of lens proteins by Vitex negundo in selenite cataract models by Rooban BN1, Sasikala V, Sahasranamam V, Abraham A.(PubMed)
(2) Vitex negundo attenuates calpain activation and cataractogenesis in selenite models by Rooban BN1, Lija Y, Biju PG, Sasikala V, Sahasranamam V, Abraham A.(PubMed)