Holistic Health Articles and Research Related to Herbal Medicines, Foods and Phytochemicals

Thursday, 11 January 2018

Herbal Therapy: Green Tea and its Bioactive Polyphenols Epigallocatechin-3-gallate in Attenuated Risk and Treatment of Autoimmune Hepatitis

Kyle J. Norton

Green tea may have a therapeutic and positive effect in reduced risk and treatment of autoimmune hepatitis, some scientists suggested.

Green tea, a precious drink processes numbers of health benefit known to almost everyone in Asia and Western world. However, as yin in nature herbal medicine or food, long term injection of large amounts may obstruct the balance of yin-yang, induced "yin excessive syndrome" or "yang vacuity syndrome" including weaken immunity and painful case of GERD,... according to traditional Chinese medicine's Yin-Yang theory.

Autoimmune hepatitis is a medical condition characterized by immune system attacking the liver cells in induction of liver cirrhosis as a result of long term liver cellular inflammation and necrosis.

The study of concanavalin A (ConA) (25 mg/kg) induced autoimmune hepatitis in mice, pretreatment of green tea exerted a strong inhibition of inflammatory cytokines through increased Bcl-2 expression with function of blocking the apoptotic death of some cells and deceased activity of protein Bax in activated p53 a tumor suppressor to induce cell death and caspase-3, and Caspase-9 proteins in signaling molecules in responsible for executing cell death in compared to ConA-treated group within 8 hours of applications, according to observation of TUNEL assay by detecting apoptotic cells that undergo extensive DNA degradation.

In other words, green tea EGCG administration reduced expression of ConA in induction of decreased numbers of infectious cells being attacked by the immune system, thus ameliorated risk of liver cell damage.

Further differentiation indicated that application of green tea bioactive polyphenols Epigallocatechin-3-gallate (10 or 30 mg/kg) orally twice daily for 10 days before ConA injection demonstrates a significant activity in reduced activation of BNIP3, a member of the apoptotic Bcl-2 protein family in mediated infectious cell apoptosis through autophagy in induced destruction of damaged or redundant cellular components in compared to lectin ConA.

The result of green tea EGCG efficacy in induction of BNIP3 to decrease expression of concanavalin A (ConA) in reduction of numbers infectious cell proliferation was attributed to the IL-6/JAK/STAT3 signaling pathway which plays an important role in the mechanisms in exhibited green tea EGCG antioxidant activity in blocking infectious cells migration and invasion in exhibited hepatoprotective effect.

In other words, said, Dr. Li S, the lead scientist "EGCG attenuated liver injury in ConA-induced hepatitis by down-regulating IL-6/JAKs/STAT3/BNIP3-mediated apoptosis and autophagy".

Further differentiation also found that green tea EGCG administration inhibited the immune over reaction and pathological damage by decreased expression of inflammatory cytokines induced by Tumor necrosis factor (TNF), tumor necrosis factor alpha, a cell signaling protein (cytokine) in activated systemic inflammation in the acute phase infection.

Additionally, green tea also modulated the inflammatory factors, interleukin 6 (IL-6), the pro inflammatory cytokines and anti inflammatory mytokins promptly and transiently produced in response to infections and tissue injuries and interferon-gamma (IFN-γ), a cytokine that plays an important role in inducing and modulating immune responses to the infectious tissue, as well as cytokine interleukin-1β (IL-1β), a key mediator of the inflammatory response in protected body against pathological invasion.

Taken together, green tea and its bioactive Epigallocatechin-3-gallate EGCG may be considered a functional food to reduced risk and used combination with standard therapy for treatment of autoimmune hepatitis.

For More information of yoga lessons tailor to a complete well being for women, please visit: YOGA BURN

Back to Kyle J. Norton Home page http://kylejnorton.blogspot.ca

For More information of yoga lessons tailor to a complete well being for women, please visit: YOGA BURN

Back to Kyle J. Norton Home page http://kylejnorton.blogspot.ca

Author Biography
Kyle J. Norton (Scholar, Master of Nutrients, All right reserved)
Health article writer and researcher; Over 10.000 articles and research papers have been written and published on line, including world wide health, ezine articles, article base, healthblogs, selfgrowth, best before it's news, the karate GB daily, etc.,.
Named TOP 50 MEDICAL ESSAYS FOR ARTISTS & AUTHORS TO READ by Disilgold.com Named 50 of the best health Tweeters Canada - Huffington Post
Nominated for shorty award over last 4 years
Some articles have been used as references in medical research, such as international journal Pharma and Bio science, ISSN 0975-6299.

Sources
(1) Epigallocatechin-3-gallate attenuates apoptosis and autophagy in concanavalin A-induced hepatitis by inhibiting BNIP3. by Li S1, Xia Y1, Chen K1, Li J1, Liu T1, Wang F1, Lu J1, Zhou Y1, Guo C1.(PMC)

Food Therapy: Eggplant in Reduced Risk and Treatment of Hyperlipidemia

Kyle J. Norton

Eggplant may have a potential and substantial effect in reduced risk and treatment of hypercholesterolemia, some scientists suggested.

Eggplant is a species of S. melongena with deeply purple color, belongings to the family Solanaceae and native to India, cultivated in southern and eastern Asia since prehistory.

Hypercholesterolemia is a common genetic disorder of cholesterol metabolism characterized by abnormal high low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) levels, one of the leading cause of cardiovascular disease.

Hyperlipidemia is a chronic condition of abnormal high levels of blood cholesterol.

According to statistic, approximately 78 million U.S. adults (nearly 37%) had abnormal high blood cholesterol levels in US in 2012.

In the investigation of the blood lipid effect of four eggplant varieties on lipid indices in 108 adult albino rats for 4 weeks (30days), assigned to 2 major groups (fed with 10% and 20% eggplant supplementation) with four sub groups (Groups A-D) and remainder rat assigned to control group fed with commercial feed, at the end of experiment, researchers found that all groups fed with eggplant supplement regardless to doses exhibit a significant lower blood cholesterol in compared to control group.

Further analysis indicated that administration of diet supplemented at dose of 10% and 20% of S. aetheopicum and S. gilo in rat group showed a highest of 9.92 and 9.53 and lowest 7.65 and 5.95g weight gain respectively.

Levels of cholesterol concentration of (60.76±1.7mg/dl) also was found significant lower in the 20% S. gilo supplemented diet rat group in compared to control and levels of HDL concentration significantly increased in rats placed on 10% and 20% S. macrocarpon (oval) and S. gilo supplemented diet respectively relative to the control group.

The results finding indicated that all 4 varieties of eggplant exerted s strong effect in displayed weight reduction and improved hypolipidemic levels.

Although Solanum gilo and S. macrocarpon (oval) displayed higher hypocholesterolemia than other 2 groups, over all, all groups increased HDL and reduced weight gain in tested subjects.

Dr. OSSAMULU, the lead author, after taking into account of other con founders said, "(The findings suggested that eggplant) can be employed in the management of overweight and several cardiovasular diseases".

In the study to test the efficacy of dried powdered fruits of eggplant (Solanum melongena) used in traditional medicine in Bazil for treatment of human hyperlipidemia, researchers at the the joint study lead by the Instituto de Endocrinologia de Maringá conducted a double-blind placebo-controlled study to test the effectiveness of oral Solanum melongena (SM) in a total of 41 hyperlipidemic volunteers allocated to active treatment (n= 21, received two capsules containing SM (450 mg) or placebo (n= 20, 450 mg) twice a day for 3 months, indicated that there were no significant difference of levels of serum triglycerides, HDL-c, VLDL-c, AST, ALT, gGT, glucose and body mass index, in the group treated with SM in compared to placebo.

And both groups expressed the same levels of decrease of levels of serum total cholesterol, LDL-c and LDL-c/HDL-c.

The result of the findings prompted Dr. Silvard fruits), require further clinical trials before being recommended to treat hyperlipidemia".

Contrast to the above study, oral application of infusion of a powdered preparation of the eggplant fruit of 38 hypercholesterolemic human volunteers, receiving either S. melongena infusion (N = 19) or placebo (N = 19) participated in two clinical experiments, exhibited a strong effect in significantly reduced the blood levels of total and LDL cholesterol and of apolipoprotein B in compared to control, according to the Intraindividual analysis.

However, after taking into account of dietary orientation, researchers suggested that no intra- or intergroup differences were seen for any of the parameters analyzed.

Dr. Guimarães PR, the lead scientist at the Instituto de Ciências Biológicas said, " S. melongena infusion had a modest and transitory effect, which was not different from that obtained with standard orientation for dyslipidemia patients (diet and physical activities)".

Taking altogether, although there are no universal confirmation, eggplant may have potential and therapeutic effect in reduced risk and treatment of hyperlipidemia pending to further investigation.

For More information of yoga lessons tailor to a complete well being for women, please visit: YOGA FOR WOMEN

Sources
(1) Eggplant (Solanum melongena) infusion has a modest and transitory effect on hypercholesterolemic subjects, Brazilian Journal of Medical and Biological Research
On-line version ISSN 1414-431X Braz J Med Biol Res vol.33 n.9 Ribeirão Preto Sept. 2000
(2) Hypolipidemic Properties of Four Varieties of Eggplants (Solanum melongena L.) by ,OSSAMULU, I, feanyi Famous; 2,AKANYA, Helmina Olufunmilayo; 3,JIGAM, Ali Audu; 4,EGWIM , Evans Chidi 5,ADEYEMI, Henry Yemi, International Journal of Pharmaceutical Science Invention ISSN (Online): 2319 – 6718, ISSN (Print): 2319 – 670X www.ijpsi.org Volume 3 Issue 8 ‖ August 2014 ‖ PP.47-54
(3) [Absence of hypolipidemic effect of Solanum melongena L. (eggplant) on hyperlipidemic patients].[Article in Portuguese] by Silva GE1, Takahashi MH, Eik Filho W, Albino CC, Tasim GE, Serri Lde A, Assef AH, Cortez DA, Bazotte RB.(PubMed)

Wednesday, 10 January 2018

Food Therapy: Eggplant in Reduced Risk and Treatment of Prostate Cancer

Kyle J. Norton

Eggplant may have a potential and substantial effect in reduced risk and treatment of prostate cancer, some scientists suggested.

Eggplant is a species of S. melongena with deeply purple color, belongings to the family Solanaceae and native to India, cultivated in southern and eastern Asia since prehistory.

Prostate cancer is medical condition characterized by irregular cell growth in the issues of prostate. At the later stage, the cancerous cell may invade other healthy tissues and organs a distance away drom the original site.

According to statistic, approximately 11.6 percent of men will be diagnosed with prostate cancer at some point during their lifetime.

In the investigation of the effect of glycoalkaloids are nitrogen-containing secondary plant metabolites found in numerous Solanaceous plants including eggplants and risk of cancer, reserachers found that eggplant glycoalkaloids derivatives α-solamargine and α-solasonine inhibited prostate cancer and various types of cancer through induction of cancer cell apoptosis, a genetically directed process of cell self-destruction that involves numerous biomarkers and signaling pathways.

In vitro and in vivo application of glycoalkaloids derivatives α-solamargine and α-solasonine expressed a significant effect in inhibition of tumor formation and growth in fish and mice and human prostate cancer cell lines.

In deed, in the human prostate cancer cell PC-3. administration of non toxic dose of α-solanine initiated cancer suppression and reduced the viability of the human cancer cell through significantly elevated epithelial marker E-cadherin gene expression in target mutated cell in induction of cell profileration and invasion and decreased mesenchymal marker vimentin expression in initiated cell metastasis.

Further differentiation, also suggested that , α-Solanine ameliorated cancer cell proliferation and tumor initiation through reduced mRNA level of matrix metalloproteinase-2 (MMP-2) and 9 (MMP-9) in stimulated cancer invasion and metastasis and increases the expression of reversion-inducing cysteine-rich protein with kazal motifs (RECK) in suppression of prostate tumor progression and tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase-1 (TIMP-1) and TIMP-2 in the regulation of MMP activity, particular in induction of cancer cell over expression.

According to the observation of the Immunoblotting assays, injection of α-solanine is effective in suppressed phosphorylation of phosphatidylinositide-3 kinase (PI3K) which plays an important role in modulated cellular functions such as cell growth, proliferation, differentiation, motility, survival and intracellular trafficking involved cancer progression, Akt phosphorylates expression with primary functions is to promote cell growth and protein synthesis and The extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) signaling pathway phosphorylates with function in the control of diverse cellular processes including such as proliferation, survival, differentiation and motility.

Moreover, α-solanine reduced levels of microRNA-21 (miR-21) in expression of cancer progression. Higher levels of miR-21 are correlated to more advanced malignancies and elevated tumor suppressor miR-138 expression in induced prostate cancer cells apoptosis through cell cycle arrest at G1/S transition.

Taken together, eggplant with abundant phytochemicals including glycoalkaloids derivatives α-solamargine and α-solasonine may be considered as functional food in reduced risk and treatment of prostate cancer.

For More information of yoga lessons tailor to a complete well being for women, please visit: YOGA FOR WOMEN

Sources
(1) Chemistry and anticarcinogenic mechanisms of glycoalkaloids produced by eggplants, potatoes, and tomatoes by Friedman M1.(PubMed)
(2) α-Solanine inhibits invasion of human prostate cancer cell by suppressing epithelial-mesenchymal transition and MMPs expression by Shen KH1, Liao AC2, Hung JH3, Lee WJ4, Hu KC5, Lin PT6, Liao RF7, Chen PS8.(PubMed)

Herbal Therapy: Green Tea and Bioactive Polyphenols Epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG) in Protection Against Memory Deficits

Green tea may have a therapeutic and positive effect in protected against memory deficits, some scientists suggested.

Green tea, a precious drink processes numbers of health benefit known to almost everyone in Asia and Western world. However, as yin in nature herbal medicine or food, long term injection of large amounts may obstruct the balance of yin-yang, induced "yin excessive syndrome" or "yang vacuity syndrome" including weaken immunity and painful case of GERD,... according to traditional Chinese medicine's Yin-Yang theory.ore

Memory deficit are,medical condition characterized lost of the ability in store and recall past information, such as knowledge, sensation, thoughts,......

Lost of memory function is not only associated with normal aging progression in adult population but considered as a feature of neurodegenerative diseases, including psychiatric and neurological disorders.

According to the Harvard neuro discovery center, today, approximately 5 million Americans suffer from Alzheimer's disease; 1 million from Parkinson's; 400,000 from multiple sclerosis (MS); 30,000 from amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS or Lou Gehrig's disease), and 30,000 from Huntington's disease.

The evaluate green tea extract (GTex) and its major functional polyphenol (−)-epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG) effect on memory of cerebral ischemic rats showed that green tea EGCG and pentoxifylline (PTX), a methylxanthine derivative with anti-inflammatory function, application after 1 hour demonstrates a strong efficacy in improved ishemic-induced memory impairment, according to Morris water maze test.

Long term treatment of green tea EGCG also displayed a significant increase level of antioxidant such as malondialdehyde (MDA) levels, glutathione (GSH), and superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity in the cerebral cortex and hippocampus, through prevented cerebral infraction breakdown of MDA and GSH in the hippocampus, in protected against damage to cellular components caused by reactive oxygen species (ROS) including free radicals, peroxides, lipid peroxides....

Further analysis, green tea EGCG inhibited BV-2 microglia cells in induction of brain inflammatory effect in precipitated neurodegeneration and neuro toxicology to facilitate memory impairment, through ameliorated the expression of lipopolysaccharide- (LPS-) in exhibited free radical nitric oxide production which are associated to in initiated neurotoxicity.

Additionally, the applicatiopn also ameliorated the cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) expression associated with pro-inflammatory activities in mediated neurodegenerative processes of several acute and chronic diseases and expression of the inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS), one of the direct consequences of an inflammatory process in the BV-2 cells.

In short, the experiment of cerebral ischemia animal model indicated that green extract and its active polyphenol EGCG improved learning and memory deficits through exhibited antioxidant activity in reduction of oxidative stress and neuro-inflammation.

Moreover, green tea Epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG) with beneficial effects on the impairment in learning and memory also demonstrated in increased autophagic activation in getting rid of damage and dysfunctional cell accumulation to protect healthy neuron from stressful conditions, such as over expression of ROS presentation, according to the experiment of chronic unpredictable mild stress (CUMS)-induced cognitive impairment in rats and observed through the elevated LC3-II, a reliable method for monitoring autophagy and autophagy-related processes, including autophagic cell death.and p62 protein level, an useful marker for the induction of autophagy,

At the same time, the green tea EGCG also displayed a strong inhibition of increased neuronal loss and activated mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR)/p70 ribosomal protein S6 kinase (p70S6k) signaling caused by implication of chronic unpredictable mild stress (CUMS) in the CA1 regions in the hippocampal circuit in initiation of the pathophysiology of memory deficits, thus reducing amyloid beta1-42 (Aβ1-42) deposit, and restored autophagic degradation activity.

Mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR)/p70 ribosomal protein S6 kinase (p70S6k) signaling pathway is an essential cellular signaling pathway involved a number of important physiological functions, including cell growth, proliferation, metabolism, protein synthesis, and autophagy.

Taken together, green tea and its bioactive polyphenols Epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG) may be considered as adjunct therapy in reduced risk and enhanced standard medicine for treatment of memory deficits.

For More information of yoga lessons tailor to a complete well being for women, please visit: YOGA BURN

Sources
(1) Green Tea Extract Ameliorates Learning and Memory Deficits in Ischemic Rats via Its Active Component Polyphenol Epigallocatechin-3-gallate by Modulation of Oxidative Stress and Neuroinflammation by Kuo-Jen Wu,1 Ming-Tsuen Hsieh,1 Chi-Rei Wu,1 W. Gibson Wood,2 and Yuh-Fung Chen(Hindawi)
(2) Epigallocatechin-3-Gallate Attenuates Impairment of Learning and Memory in Chronic Unpredictable Mild Stress-Treated Rats by Restoring Hippocampal Autophagic Flux by Hong-Feng Gu1,2., Ya-Xiong Nie3., Qiao-Zhen Tong2., Ya-Ling Tang1 , Yang Zeng3 , Kai-Quan Jing3 , XiLong Zheng2,4, Duan-Fang Liao4(PLOS 1)

Tuesday, 9 January 2018

Food Therapy: Eggplant In Reduced Risk and Treatment of High Blood Pressure

Kyle J. Norton

Eggplant may have a potential and substantial effect in reduced risk and treatment of high blood pressure, some scientists suggested.

Eggplant is a species of S. melongena with deeply purple color, belongings to the family Solanaceae and native to India, cultivated in southern and eastern Asia since prehistory.

Hypertension is long term medical condition characterized by abnormal high blood pressure.

According to statistic from the World Health organization, high blood pressure affects 1.13 billion people worldwide and from 1975 to 2015, mean systolic blood pressure and blood pressure have stayed more or less the same in men and has decreased slightly among women.

According to the University of Massachusetts, eggplant containing high fiber and low soluble carbohydrate content and the phenolic-linked antioxidant activity and alpha-glucosidase exerted powerful antioxidant effects in inhibited free radical expression and ROS chain reaction to induce type 2 diabetes' complications such as hypertension.

Further analysis also suggested that the functional food also inhibited the angiotensin hormone which has been found to elevate vasoconstriction and increase blood pressure in diabetics.

Dr. Kwon YI, after taking into account of other con founders, suggested. " high angiotensin I-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitory activity (Of eggplant),....... provide a strong biochemical basis for ....... reducing associated hypertension".

Indeed, the recommendation to include portion eggplant in daily diet by the National Diabetes Education Program of NIH, Mayo Clinic and American Diabetes Association may be a choice to reduce diabetes complication risk of hypertension.

The illustration strong indicated that oxidative stress initiated by ROS may place an important role in risk of diabetes and diabetes' hypertension..

Interestingly, in the study to evaluate the cardiovascular action of Solanum melongena extract (SME) in vivo and in vitro, researchers found that application of SME display a significant and produced dose-dependent effect in reduced hypertensive responses in normotensive albino rats through modulated expression of β-adrenoceptor on cardiac and smooth muscle tissues in precipitated high blood pressure.

Additionally, administration of SME regulated the stimulation of the expression of muscarinic receptor in reduced high blood pressure as well as improving heart rate.

Furthermore, SME injection also decreased the efficacy of the medication of β-adrenoceptor blocker, propranolol, and the cholinergic receptor blocker, atropine in regulated abnormal heart rhythms, and to protect the heart from a second heart attack (myocardial infarction) after a first heart attack (secondary prevention).

In other words, increasing doses of β-adrenoceptor blocker, propranolol, and the cholinergic receptor blocker may be necessary to achieve the same effect in reduced risk of heart attack with intake of eggplant.

More precisely, researchers suggested that SME modulated high blood pressure through induction of vaso-relaxation and negative inotropy and mediation of the β-adrenergic and acetylcholine receptors in promoted vasodilation of the resistant vessels and a reduction in heart activity, respectively.

Conclusively, in compared to Captopril, a hypertensive medicine, researchers also indicated that possibly, the hypotensive effect of SME could be attributed for by SME influence on the activity of the renin-angiotensin system, which is a hormone system with function in regulated blood pressure and fluid balance.

In fact, the effect of eggplant in regulated function of diuresis in the renin-angiotensin system may be resulted of ameliorated risk of high blood pressure as diuretics was found to associate to the function of kidneys in removal of more sodium and water from the body, triggering relaxation of the blood vessel walls, thereby lowering blood pressure.

Taken together, eggplant and its phytochemicals may be considered as a functional food processed a therapeutic and potential effect in reduced risk of hypertension naturally.

For More information of yoga lessons tailor to a complete well being for women, please visit: YOGA FOR WOMEN

Sources
(1) In vitro studies of eggplant (Solanum melongena) phenolics as inhibitors of key enzymes relevant for type 2 diabetes and hypertension by Kwon YI1, Apostolidis E, Shetty K.(PubMed)
(2) Hypotensive action of Solanum melongena on normotensive rats by O. L. Shum and K. W. Chiu(Wiley Online Library)

Food Therapy: Lentil (Plant) Lectin in Attenuated Risk and Treatment of Breast Cancer

Kyle J. Norton

Lentils (Legume) lectin may consist a therapeutic and chemo effect in reduced risk and treatment of breast cancer, some researchers suggested.

Lentil, a type of pulse and tiny legumes that can be cooked quickly and rich in protein and fiber is a bushy annual plant of genus Lens the Fabaceae family, native to Middle East.

Breast cancer is a medical condition characterized by cell growth disorderly in the breast tissues. At the late stage, the cancerous cell can travel a distance way from the original site to infect other healthy tissues and organs.

Differentiation of lectin effect in risk of breast cancer are depending to several different mechanisms through various aspects.

Lectins from various sources are proteins or glycoproteins specifically and reversibly bind to different types glycoproteins, with anti tumor activity in inhibited altered glycosylation of cell surface glycoproteins in breast cancer subjects.

In breast cancer cell lines, application of lectin induced cytotoxicity against MCF- 7 cell line through induction of cancer cell apoptosis, observed by DNA ladder assay.

Additionally, lectin extract also exerted a significant effect in exhibited function of PARP cleavage in initiated breast cell death processes, in dose-depend manner.

Moreover, the anti proliferation and apoptosis of lectin also demonstrated the increase of P21 level in association to cell cycle arrest in MCF-7 cell line, through inhibited the activity of cyclin D, a member of the cyclin protein family involved in regulating cell cycle progression.

Additional study of H3, a lectin anti tumor effect in binding to tumor associated carbohydrates antigens and precipitated human breast cancer cell line MCF7 apoptosis indicated that H3 exhibited anti breast cancer in induction of a significant arrest in the G1 cell cycle phase, through increasing expression of caspase-9 (CASP 9), a cysteine-aspartic protease with function in implication of apoptosis through cytokine signalling.

Interestingly, injection of H3 not only impaired dramatically the adhesiveness of MCF7 cells, but also exhibited increase of organelle acidity in promotion of cancer cell death, through conversion of LC3-I, to its conjugate LC3-II, an indication of autophagy, observed by Western blot.

In depth study of the effect other plant lectin in risk of breast cancer, researchers also found that bauhinia forficata lectin (BfL) inhibited the viability of the MCF7 cell line through increased α5 subunit expression in exhibition of metastasis suppression, and induced cell death through activation of cell apoptotic Caspase-9, cysteine-aspartic protease.

Amazingly, the infection of bauhinia forficata lectin (BfL) also precipitated deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) fragmentation, an indication of cell cycle arrest in 2 phase of cell division as well as decreasing expression of the proteins pRb and p21.in regulated cell cycle progression and survival.

Taken together, lectins from many sources, including lentils may be used as secondary and therapeutic therapy combination with standard treatment to ameliorate progression and treatment of breast cancer.

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Back to Kyle J. Norton Home page http://kylejnorton.blogspot.ca

Author Biography
Kyle J. Norton, Master of Nutrients
Health article writer and researcher; Over 10.000 articles and research papers have been written and published on line, including world wide health, ezine articles, article base, healthblogs, selfgrowth, best before it's news, the karate GB daily, etc.,.
Named TOP 50 MEDICAL ESSAYS FOR ARTISTS & AUTHORS TO READ by Disilgold.com Named 50 of the best health Tweeters Canada - Huffington Post
Nominated for shorty award over last 4 years
Some articles have been used as references in medical research, such as international journal Pharma and Bio science, ISSN 0975-6299.

Sources
(1) Halilectin-3, a lectin from the marine sponge Haliclona caerulea, induces apoptosis and autophagy in human breast cancer MCF7 cells through caspase-9 pathway and LC3-II protein expression
do Nascimento-Neto LG1,2, Cabral MG2, Carneiro RF3, Silva Z4, Arruda FVS2,5, Nagano CS3, Fernandes AR4, Sampaio AH3, Teixeira EH#1,3, Videira PA#4.
(2) Bauhinia forficata lectin (BfL) induces cell death and inhibits integrin-mediated adhesion on MCF7 human breast cancer cells by Silva MC1, de Paula CA1, Ferreira JG1, Paredes-Gamero EJ2, Vaz AM3, Sampaio MU1, Correia MT4, Oliva ML5.(PubMed)
(3) A novel L-fucose-binding lectin from Fenneropenaeus indicus induced cytotoxicity in breast cancer cells by Chatterjee B1, Ghosh K1, Yadav N1, Kanade SR2.(PubMed)

Monday, 8 January 2018

Herbal Therapy: Herbal Catnip In Blocking Entry Phase of Prostate Cancer Onset

Kyle J. Norton

Catnip may have a potential and substantial effect in reduced risk of pre-malignant cells slowly change from the properties of normal cells to cancer-like properties in initiated prostate cancer, some scientists suggested.

Catnip is also known as catswort, or catmint, a plant of Nepeta, belonging to the family of Lamiaceae, native to Europe and Asia, used in herbal medicine as insect repellant and to treat digestive disorders, children restlessness and nervousness, fevers, cold and flu, skin irritations stimulate sweating, promote menstruation, etc..

Ingredients
Beside the major constituent of terpenoid nepetalactone, the herb also contains α-Pinene, β-Pinene, Cyclohexen-1-yl-methyl ketone, Triplal, Thymol, Nepetalactone, Nepetalactone, etc..

Prostate cancer is medical condition characterized by irregular cell growth in the issues of prostate. At the later stage, the cancerous cell may invade other healthy tissues and organs a distance away from the original site.

According to statistic, based on 2012-2014 data, approximately 11.6 percent of men will be diagnosed with prostate cancer at some points during their lifetime.

On PC3 and DU145 prostate cell lines, in comparison of the effective of methanol extracts, n-hexan, methylene chloride (CH2Cl2), ethyl acetate (EtOAc), n-butanol (n-BuOH), and H2O fractions and the essential oil isolated from the aerial parts of the catnip to examine the cytotoxic and apoptogenic activity found that application of ethyl acetate extract in compared to other extracts, displays a strong inhibited property in decreased prostate cancer cell viability in PC3 cell line, through cell cycle arrest in the sub-G1 area, where the cancer cell has lost some DNA structure, in a concentration dependent manner.

Furthermore, through observation of IC 50 values, ethyl acetate (EtOAc) expressed a greater significant activity in estrogen receptor positive PC3 cells which are more sensitive to the cytotoxic effects in comparison with low hormone-receptor presenting DU-145 cells.

Interestingly, ethyl acetate (EtOAc) in inhibited PC3 cancer cell line with lesser value of IC50 and greater effect than other tested compounds was attributed to the activity of PC3 cells can change its negative androgen receptors profile to positive (PC3AR+)

The study also indicated that more cytotoxic activity of N. cataria found on PC3 cells in comparison with DU145 AR¯ cells might also due to different response of cells to sex hormones.

Additionally, according to the Western blotting analysis administration of ethyl acetate extract after 48 hours securely induced cancer apoptosis through activated caspase 3 cleavage which has been found to be an important marker and in associated to the cell’s entry point into the apoptotic signaling pathway and Poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) which also plays an essential role in execution of the apoptotic event and an early indicator of apoptosis.

Moreover, researchers also found that the Catnip extract also increased level of Bax Protein after 48 hours of exposure in initiated cancer cell apoptosis with release of cytochrome c, an early phase of cell degradation and death.

After taking into account of other con founders, Dr. Emami SA, the lead author said, " the semi polar EtOAc extract of N. cataria induces apoptosis in pc3 cells compare to DU-145 cells and further analytical assays are suggested to identify the active phytochemicals possess cytotoxic activity".

Taking altogether, eggplant with plenty phytochemicals may be considered as a functional food in reduced risk of Prostate cancer through blocking the entry phase of the onset of prostate cancer.

For More information of yoga lessons tailor to a complete well being for women, please visit: YOGA FOR WOMEN

Sources
(1) Growth Inhibition and Apoptosis Induction of Essential Oils and Extracts of Nepeta cataria L. on Human Prostatic and Breast Cancer Cell Lines by Emami SA1, Asili J, Hossein Nia S, Yazdian-Robati R, Sahranavard M, Tayarani-Najaran Z. DOI:http://dx.doi.org/10.7314/APJCP.2016.17.S3.125