Kyle J. Norton (Scholar)
Health article writer and researcher; Over 10.000 articles and research papers have been written and published on line, including world wide health, ezine articles, article base, healthblogs, selfgrowth, best before it's news, the karate GB daily, etc.,.
Named TOP 50 MEDICAL ESSAYS FOR ARTISTS & AUTHORS TO READ by Disilgold.com Named 50 of the best health Tweeters Canada - Huffington Post
Nominated for shorty award over last 4 years
Some articles have been used as references in medical research, such as international journal Pharma and Bio science, ISSN 0975-6299.
Musculoskeletal disorders (MSDs) are medical condition mostly caused by work related occupations and working environment, affecting patients’ muscles, joints, tendons, ligaments and nerves and developing over time. A community sample of 73 females and 32 males aged 85 and over underwent a standardised examination at home. Musculoskeletal pain was reported by 57% of those interviewed. A major restriction of joint movement range was frequent in the shoulder but uncommon in other joints(1).
Types of Musculo-Skeletal disorders in elder(2)
1. Osteoarthritis
2. Gout
3. Rheumatoid Arthritis
4. Polymalagia Arthritis
5. Cervical myleopathy and spinal canal stenosis
6. Osteoporosis
7. Low back pain
8. Fibromyalgia
Osteoarthritis
Osteoarthritis (OA), a form of arthritis, is defined as a condition of as a result of aging causes of wear and tear on a joint, affecting over 25 million people in the United States in alone. University of Porto Medical School indicated that one must understand the differences in prevalence and incidence estimates of osteoarthritis (OA), according to case definition, in knee, hip and hand joints(3).
The characteristics of osteoarthritis are aching pain(5), stiffness(6), or difficulty of moving the joint or joints(7). The pain usually gets worse in change of weather, at night and in the advanced diseases, the pain can occur even at rest(8). Today management of osteoarthritis (OA) focuses on pain relief and improved physical function through pharmacological, non pharmacological, and surgical treatments(4).
The Diseases associated with osteoarthritis
Researchers suggested that OA is not simply a disease related to aging or mechanical stress of joints but rather a “metabolic disorder(70)(71)” interrelated to lipid, metabolic, and humoral mediators(70). Indeed, OA has been linked not only to obesity(46)(47) but also to other cardiovascular risk factors(72)(73), namely, diabetes(74), dyslipidemia, hypertension, and insulin resistance(75).
Most people with osteoarthritis also suffer from one or more of below
1. Hypertension
According to the University Health Network Research Institute, the economic burden incurred by RA significantly exceeds that related to OA and HBP(76)(77).
2. Cardiovascular disease
According to Erasmus University Medical Centre, there is an associations of atherosclerosis with osteoarthritis of the knee and hand joints in women(72)(73)(78).
3. Peripheral vascular disease
According to Himchan Hospital, patient with due to osteoarthritis are associated to risk of asymptomatic peripheral vascular disease(80). The average vessel wall thickness of the popliteal artery was 1.09 mm in patients with generalized OA, and 0.96 mm in the matched normal reference population(79).
4. Congestive heart failure
Hypertension, diabetes, and older age have shown to increased risk of Congestive heart failure modestly(81). Etoricoxib, an annti-inflammatory painkillers showed a statistically significant inhibition at 90 mg in patients with osteoarthritis and rheumatoid arthritis(82).
5. Renal function impairment
According to the Southampton University Hospitals NHS Trust, pain pharmacotherapies osuch as osteoarthritis (OA) or mixed OA and rheumatoid arthritis may increase the risk of adverse events in patients with concurrent cardiovascular (CV) or renal disease(83). Median excretion of pyridinoline and deoxypyridinoline in the OA patients as a whole was raised above values found in a healthy control population(84).
6. Diabetes
Several epidemiological and experimental data support the hypothesis that diabetes could be an independent risk factor for osteoarthritis (OA)(76)(85).
7. Respiratory disease
People with Respiratory disease is also at a higher risk to develop osteoarthritis (OA), such as chronic cough and bilateral infiltrates on chest roentgenogram(86).
8. High serum of Cholesterol
There is an association between high serum cholesterol level and both knee and generalized OA, according to the study of 113 females and 133 males with average ages 46 14.2 and 51.54 16.0 years by King Khalid University Hospital(87).
Arthritis Is Curable
You Can Eliminate Osteoarthritis
By addressing the Underlying Causes through Clinical Trials and Studies
Ovarian Cysts And PCOS Elimination
Holistic System In Existence That Will Show You How To
Permanently Eliminate All Types of Ovarian Cysts Within 2 Months
Back to General health http://kylejnorton.blogspot.ca/p/general-health.html
Back to Kyle J. Norton Home page http://kylejnorton.blogspot.ca
References
(1) Prevalence of rheumatic symptoms, rheumatoid arthritis, ankylosing spondylitis, and gout in Shanghai, China: a COPCORD study by Dai SM1, Han XH, Zhao DB, Shi YQ, Liu Y, Meng JM.(PubMed)
(2) Musculoskeletal Disorders in the Elderly by Ramon Gheno, Juan M. Cepparo, Cristina E. Rosca,1 and Anne Cotten(PMC)
(3) The effect of osteoarthritis definition on prevalence and incidence estimates: a systematic review by Pereira D1, Peleteiro B, Araújo J, Branco J, Santos RA, Ramos E.(PubMed)
(4) Effect of therapeutic aquatic exercise on symptoms and function associated with lower limb osteoarthritis: systematic review with meta-analysis by Waller B1, Ogonowska-Slodownik A2, Vitor M3, Lambeck J4, Daly D5, Kujala UM6, Heinonen A7.(PubMed)
(5) Effects of therapeutic ultrasound on pain, physical functions and safety outcomes in patients with kneeosteoarthritis: A systematic review and meta-analysis by Zhang C1, Xie Y2, Luo X3, Ji Q3, Lu C3, He C4, Wang P3.(PubMed)
(6) Oral intake of purple passion fruit peel extract reduces pain and stiffness and improves physical function in adult patients with knee osteoarthritis by Farid R1, Rezaieyazdi Z, Mirfeizi Z, Hatef MR, Mirheidari M, Mansouri H, Esmaelli H, Bentley G, Lu Y, Foo Y, Watson RR.(PubMed)
(7) Functional ability, mobility, and pain before and after knee replacement in patients aged 75 and older: a cross-sectional study by Limnell K1, Jämsen E, Huhtala H, Jäntti P, Puolakka T, Jylhä M.(PubMed)
(70) Osteoarthritis: another component of metabolic syndrome? by Velasquez MT1, Katz JD.(PubMed)
(71) [Metabolic syndrome and a course of osteoarthrosis].[Article in Russian] by Korochina IE, Bagirova GG.(PubMed)
(72) Risk of cardiovascular disease in patients with osteoarthritis: a prospective longitudinal study. by Rahman MM1, Kopec JA, Anis AH, Cibere J, Goldsmith CH.(PubMed)
(73) Cardiovascular disease and osteoarthritis: common pathways and patient outcomes. by Fernandes GS1, Valdes AM.(PubMed)
(74) Risk of Type 2 Diabetes among Osteoarthritis Patients in a Prospective Longitudinal Study by Rahman MM1, Cibere J2, Anis AH3, Goldsmith CH4, Kopec JA5.(PubMed)
(75) Osteoarthritis—the impact of a serious disease by F. C. Breedveld
(76) Bone loss at subchondral plate in knee osteoarthritis patients with hypertension and type 2 diabetes mellitus. by Wen CY1, Chen Y, Tang HL, Yan CH, Lu WW, Chiu KY.(PubMed)
(77) The economic burden associated with osteoarthritis, rheumatoid arthritis, and hypertension: a comparative study. by Maetzel A1, Li LC, Pencharz J, Tomlinson G, Bombardier C; Community Hypertension and Arthritis Project Study Team.(PubMed)
(78) Association of atherosclerosis with presence and progression of osteoarthritis: the Rotterdam Study by Hoeven TA1, Kavousi M, Clockaerts S, Kerkhof HJ, van Meurs JB, Franco O, Hofman A, Bindels P, Witteman J, Bierma-Zeinstra S.(PubMed)
(79) Positive association between increased popliteal artery vessel wall thickness and generalized osteoarthritis: is OA also part of the metabolic syndrome? by Kornaat PR1, Sharma R, van der Geest RJ, Lamb HJ, Kloppenburg M, Hellio le Graverand MP, Bloem JL, Watt I.(PubMed)
(80) Asymptomatic peripheral vascular disease in total knee arthroplasty: preoperative prevalence and risk factors. by Park IH1, Lee SC, Park IS, Nam CH, Ahn HS, Park HY, Gondalia VH, Jung KA.(PubMed)
(81) Baseline factors associated with congestive heart failure in patients receiving etoricoxib or diclofenac: multivariate analysis of the MEDAL program by Krum H1, Curtis SP, Kaur A, Wang H, Smugar SS, Weir MR, Laine L, Brater DC, Cannon CP.(PubMed)
(82) Baseline factors associated with congestive heart failure in patients receiving etoricoxib or diclofenac: multivariate analysis of the MEDAL program by Krum H1, Curtis SP, Kaur A, Wang H, Smugar SS, Weir MR, Laine L, Brater DC, Cannon CP.(PubMed)
(83) Pain pharmacotherapy in patients with inflammatory arthritis and concurrent cardiovascular or renal disease: a Cochrane systematic review. by Marks JL1, van der Heijde DM, Colebatch AN, Buchbinder R, Edwards CJ.(PubMed)
(84) Urinary excretion of pyridinium crosslinks of collagen correlated with joint damage in arthritis by Astbury C1, Bird HA, McLaren AM, Robins SP.(PubMed)
(85) Diabetes-induced osteoarthritis: from a new paradigm to a new phenotype by Berenbaum F1.(PubMed)
(86) [Pulmonary infiltrates with blood eosinophilia in a 62-year-old patient].[Article in German] by Kohlhäufl M1, Weber N, Morresi-Hauf A, Geiger D, Raith H, Häussinger K.(PubMed)
(87) Radiographic osteoarthritis and serum cholesterol by Al-Arfaj AS1.(PubMed)
Thursday, 2 March 2017
Wednesday, 1 March 2017
The Research and Studies of Musculo-Skeletal disorders(MSDs) - Osteoarthritis: The Risk Factors
Kyle J. Norton (Scholar)
Health article writer and researcher; Over 10.000 articles and research papers have been written and published on line, including world wide health, ezine articles, article base, healthblogs, selfgrowth, best before it's news, the karate GB daily, etc.,.
Named TOP 50 MEDICAL ESSAYS FOR ARTISTS & AUTHORS TO READ by Disilgold.com Named 50 of the best health Tweeters Canada - Huffington Post
Nominated for shorty award over last 4 years
Some articles have been used as references in medical research, such as international journal Pharma and Bio science, ISSN 0975-6299.
Musculoskeletal disorders (MSDs) are medical condition mostly caused by work related occupations and working environment, affecting patients’ muscles, joints, tendons, ligaments and nerves and developing over time. A community sample of 73 females and 32 males aged 85 and over underwent a standardised examination at home. Musculoskeletal pain was reported by 57% of those interviewed. A major restriction of joint movement range was frequent in the shoulder but uncommon in other joints(1).
Types of Musculo-Skeletal disorders in elder(2)
1. Osteoarthritis
2. Gout
3. Rheumatoid Arthritis
4. Polymalagia Arthritis
5. Cervical myleopathy and spinal canal stenosis
6. Osteoporosis
7. Low back pain
8. Fibromyalgia
Osteoarthritis
Osteoarthritis (OA), a form of arthritis, is defined as a condition of as a result of aging causes of wear and tear on a joint, affecting over 25 million people in the United States in alone. University of Porto Medical School indicated that one must understand the differences in prevalence and incidence estimates of osteoarthritis (OA), according to case definition, in knee, hip and hand joints(3).
The characteristics of osteoarthritis are aching pain(5), stiffness(6), or difficulty of moving the joint or joints(7). The pain usually gets worse in change of weather, at night and in the advanced diseases, the pain can occur even at rest(8). Today management of osteoarthritis (OA) focuses on pain relief and improved physical function through pharmacological, non pharmacological, and surgical treatments(4).
The Risk Factors
Aging changes in the musculoskeletal system contribute to the development of OA by making the joint more susceptible to the effects of other OA risk factors(39)(40)
1. Abnormal biomechanics
The biomechanics of the foot and ankle is important to the normal function of the lower extremity(42). Abnormal biomechanics can cause abnormal stress and eventual breakdown of connective tissue and muscle(42) of that can lead to early onset of Osteoarthritis (OA)(43).
2. Joint injury and obesity
According to the University of Calgary, joint injury and obesity were associated with an increased risk of OA of the knee and hip(44). Dr. Rogers LQ and the research team at the Southern Illinois University School of Medicine indicated that the high and low joint stress from physical activity (PA)
ate associated to reduce risk of the disease(45). In obesity, according to Duke University Medical Center, it is one of the most significant, and potentially most preventable, risk factors for the development of osteoarthritis due to a strong association between body mass index and osteoarthritis of the hip, knee, foot and hand(46)(47).
3. Age-related sarcopenia(48)(49) and increased bone turnover(49) have found to be associated to the development of OA(49). Other suggested that Osteoarthritis development in the injured joints is caused by pathways of joint-related mechanisms and deconditioning of the musculoskeletal system(50). As well as intra-articular pathogenic processes initiated at the time of injury(51).
4. Normal Aging
Normal aging in humans is associated with declines in skeletal muscle mass and strength and increased muscle fatigability (sarcopenia)(52).
5. Muscle strength
Reduced muscle strength due to ageing, injure or other conditions is regarded as a risk factor for pain and disability in osteoarthritis (OA)(53)(54).
6. Gender
Women are susceptible to the greater risk for the development of osteoarthritis (OA), but research in sex and gender differences in osteoarthritis to date, may not be appreciated by the orthopedic community, according to Mayo Clinic(56)(57)
7. Genetic
Asian are at higher risk to develop osteoarthritis, according to research of Praxisklinik für Unfallchirurgie und Orthopädie(57)(58), due to genetic polymorphisms associated with osteoarthritis and related end-points(58).
8. Deformation of bone
People who were born with defective joints or cartilage are at increased risk of developing osteoarthritis(59)(60).
9. Physical activity
People who involve in activity such as sport are at higher risk to develop osteoarthritis, if injure(61).
10. Occupations
Certain occupations are associated to the increased risk of osteoarthritis, especially to workers involving repetitive movements that stress on a particular joint(61)(62).
11. Deficiency in DNA repair
Progeroid human DNA repair syndrome trichothiodystrophy may be associated to the to the development of osteoarthritis(63).
12. Other diseases and conditions may have a higher risk of developing the condition.
a. Gout
Gout is a type of arthritis as a result of uric acid builds up in blood causes of joint inflammation(64). According to a total of 4249 completed questionnaires returned (32%) from 359 attendees, 164 cases of gout were clinically confirmed, there is highly significant association existed between the site of acute attacks of gout and the presence of OA(65).
b. Rheumatoid arthritis
Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic, systemic inflammatory disease, causing the attack of flexible (synovial) joints, inflammation of the surrounding tissues and many tissues and organs. Patients with heumatoid arthritis (RA) are associated to increase risk of OA due to progression of aging(66).
c. Paget’s disease of the bone
Paget’s disease of bone is a condition a chronic disorder of excessive and abnormal bone remodeling result in excessive breakdown and formation of bone tissue causing pain, misshapen bones, fractures, and arthritis in the joints near the affected bones(67) with prevalence trends of doubling each decade from the age of 50 onwards, causing bone pain, depending on skeletal sites involved and range from secondary osteoarthritis to malignant degeneration(68).
d. Septic arthritis
Septic arthritis is a condition of inflammation of a joint as a result of bacterial or fungal infection causes of osteoarthritis(69).
9. Etc.
Arthritis Is Curable
You Can Eliminate Osteoarthritis
By addressing the Underlying Causes through Clinical Trials and Studies
Ovarian Cysts And PCOS Elimination
Holistic System In Existence That Will Show You How To
Permanently Eliminate All Types of Ovarian Cysts Within 2 Months
Back to General health http://kylejnorton.blogspot.ca/p/general-health.html
Back to Kyle J. Norton Home page http://kylejnorton.blogspot.ca
References
(1) Prevalence of rheumatic symptoms, rheumatoid arthritis, ankylosing spondylitis, and gout in Shanghai, China: a COPCORD study by Dai SM1, Han XH, Zhao DB, Shi YQ, Liu Y, Meng JM.(PubMed)
(2) Musculoskeletal Disorders in the Elderly by Ramon Gheno, Juan M. Cepparo, Cristina E. Rosca,1 and Anne Cotten(PMC)
(3) The effect of osteoarthritis definition on prevalence and incidence estimates: a systematic review by Pereira D1, Peleteiro B, Araújo J, Branco J, Santos RA, Ramos E.(PubMed)
(4) Effect of therapeutic aquatic exercise on symptoms and function associated with lower limb osteoarthritis: systematic review with meta-analysis by Waller B1, Ogonowska-Slodownik A2, Vitor M3, Lambeck J4, Daly D5, Kujala UM6, Heinonen A7.(PubMed)
(5) Effects of therapeutic ultrasound on pain, physical functions and safety outcomes in patients with kneeosteoarthritis: A systematic review and meta-analysis by Zhang C1, Xie Y2, Luo X3, Ji Q3, Lu C3, He C4, Wang P3.(PubMed)
(6) Oral intake of purple passion fruit peel extract reduces pain and stiffness and improves physical function in adult patients with knee osteoarthritis by Farid R1, Rezaieyazdi Z, Mirfeizi Z, Hatef MR, Mirheidari M, Mansouri H, Esmaelli H, Bentley G, Lu Y, Foo Y, Watson RR.(PubMed)
(7) Functional ability, mobility, and pain before and after knee replacement in patients aged 75 and older: a cross-sectional study by Limnell K1, Jämsen E, Huhtala H, Jäntti P, Puolakka T, Jylhä M.(PubMed)
(34) Targets, models and challenges in osteoarthritis research by Thysen S1, Luyten FP2, Lories RJ3.(PubMed)
(35) Ecology of arthritis. by Peterson RO1, Vucetich JA, Fenton G, Drummer TD, Larsen CS.(PubMed)
(36) Handout on Health: Osteoarthritis(NIH)
(37) Age-related changes in the musculoskeletal system and the development of osteoarthritis. by Loeser RF1.(PubMed)
(38) Metabolic triggered inflammation in osteoarthritis by Wang X1, Hunter D2, Xu J3, Ding C4.(PubMed)
(39) [Osteoarthritis. Etiology, typing, staging and histological grading].[Article in German] by Söder S1, Aigner T.(PubMed)
(40) [Typing, grading and staging of osteoarthritis: histopathological assessment of joint degeneration].[Article in German] by Aigner T1, Söder S.(PubMed)
(41) Association of rheumatoid arthritis and primary osteoarthritis with changes in the glycosylation pattern of total serum IgG by Parekh RB, Dwek RA, Sutton BJ, Fernandes DL, Leung A, Stanworth D, Rademacher TW, Mizuochi T, Taniguchi T, Matsuta K, et al.(PubMed)
(42) Abnormal biomechanics of the foot and ankle by Donatelli RA.(PubMed)
(43) Lateral compartment osteoarthritis of the knee: Biomechanics and surgical management of end-stage disease by Scott CE1, Nutton RW, Biant LC.(PubMed)
(44) Are joint injury, sport activity, physical activity, obesity, or occupational activities predictors for osteoarthritis? A systematic review by Richmond SA1, Fukuchi RK, Ezzat A, Schneider K, Schneider G, Emery CA.(PubMed)
(45) The association between joint stress from physical activity and self-reported osteoarthritis: an analysis of the Cooper Clinic data by Rogers LQ1, Macera CA, Hootman JM, Ainsworth BE, Blairi SN.(PubMed)
(46) Why is obesity associated with osteoarthritis? Insights from mouse models of obesity by Griffin TM1, Guilak F.(PubMed)
(47) Diet-induced obesity differentially regulates behavioral, biomechanical, and molecular risk factors forosteoarthritis in mice by Griffin TM1, Fermor B, Huebner JL, Kraus VB, Rodriguiz RM, Wetsel WC, Cao L, Setton LA, Guilak F.(PubMed)
(48) Sarcopenia: a histological and immunohistochemical study on age-related muscle impairment. by Tarantino U1, Scimeca M2,3, Piccirilli E4, Tancredi V5, Baldi J4, Gasbarra E4, Bonanno E6.(PubMed)
(49) Age-related changes in the musculoskeletal system and the development of osteoarthritis by Loeser RF1.(PubMed)
(50) Joint injury causes knee osteoarthritis in young adults by Roos EM1.(PubMed)
(51) The long-term consequence of anterior cruciate ligament and meniscus injuries: osteoarthritis. by Lohmander LS1, Englund PM, Dahl LL, Roos EM.(PubMed)
(52) Age-Related Sarcopenia in Humans Is Associated with Reduced Synthetic Rates of Specific Muscle Proteins1,2 by D. N. Proctor, P. Balagopal*, and K. S. Nair*,3(The Journal of Nutrition)
(53) Muscle strength, pain and disability in patients with osteoarthritis by Steultjens MP1, Dekker J, van Baar ME, Oostendorp RA, Bijlsma JW.(PubMed)
(54) Effects of muscle-strength training on the functional status of patients with osteoarthritis of the knee joint by Schilke JM1, Johnson GO, Housh TJ, O'Dell JR.(PubMed)
(55) How do sex and gender affect knee OA? By Jennie McKee(AAOS)
(56) Osteoarthritis of the hip and knee: sex and gender differences by O'Connor MI1.(PubMed)
(57) [The prevalence of radiological osteoarthritis in relation to age, gender, birth-year cohort, and ethnic origins].[Article in German] by Spahn G1, Schiele R, Hofmann GO, Schiltenwolf M, Grifka J, Vaitl T, Schneider S, Liebers F, Klinger HM.(PubMed)
(58) The genetic epidemiology of osteoarthritis by Valdes AM1, Spector TD.(PubMed)
(59) Clinical significance of bone changes in osteoarthritis, Monitoring Editor: Gerolamo BianchiTuhina Neog(PMC)
(60) Mechanobiology: Cartilage and Chondrocyte edited by J. F. Stoltz
(61) Are joint injury, sport activity, physical activity, obesity, or occupational activities predictors for osteoarthritis? A systematic review. by Richmond SA1, Fukuchi RK, Ezzat A, Schneider K, Schneider G, Emery CA.(PubMed)
(62) Primary osteoarthritis and occupations: a national cross sectional survey of 10 412 symptomatic patients by Rossignol M1, Leclerc A, Hilliquin P, Allaert FA, Rozenberg S, Valat JP, Avouac B, Coste P, Savarieau B, Fautrel B.(PubMed)
(63) Analysis of osteoarthritis in a mouse model of the progeroid human DNA repair syndrome trichothiodystrophy by Botter SM1, Zar M, van Osch GJ, van Steeg H, Dollé ME, Hoeijmakers JH, Weinans H, van Leeuwen JP.(PubMed)
(64) Questions and Answers about Gout(NIH)
(65) Are joints affected by gout also affected by osteoarthritis? by Roddy E1, Zhang W, Doherty M.(PubMed)
(66) Patient compliance in rheumatoid arthritis, polymyalgia rheumatica, and gout by de Klerk E1, van der Heijde D, Landewé R, van der Tempel H, Urquhart J, van der Linden S.(PubMed)
(67) Paget's disease of bone(Wikipedia)
(68) Paget's disease of bone: a review by Colina M1, La Corte R, De Leonardis F, Trotta F.(PubMed)
(69) Septic arthritis complicating hip osteoarthritis by Donell S1, Williamson DM, Scott DL.(PubMed)
Health article writer and researcher; Over 10.000 articles and research papers have been written and published on line, including world wide health, ezine articles, article base, healthblogs, selfgrowth, best before it's news, the karate GB daily, etc.,.
Named TOP 50 MEDICAL ESSAYS FOR ARTISTS & AUTHORS TO READ by Disilgold.com Named 50 of the best health Tweeters Canada - Huffington Post
Nominated for shorty award over last 4 years
Some articles have been used as references in medical research, such as international journal Pharma and Bio science, ISSN 0975-6299.
Musculoskeletal disorders (MSDs) are medical condition mostly caused by work related occupations and working environment, affecting patients’ muscles, joints, tendons, ligaments and nerves and developing over time. A community sample of 73 females and 32 males aged 85 and over underwent a standardised examination at home. Musculoskeletal pain was reported by 57% of those interviewed. A major restriction of joint movement range was frequent in the shoulder but uncommon in other joints(1).
Types of Musculo-Skeletal disorders in elder(2)
1. Osteoarthritis
2. Gout
3. Rheumatoid Arthritis
4. Polymalagia Arthritis
5. Cervical myleopathy and spinal canal stenosis
6. Osteoporosis
7. Low back pain
8. Fibromyalgia
Osteoarthritis
Osteoarthritis (OA), a form of arthritis, is defined as a condition of as a result of aging causes of wear and tear on a joint, affecting over 25 million people in the United States in alone. University of Porto Medical School indicated that one must understand the differences in prevalence and incidence estimates of osteoarthritis (OA), according to case definition, in knee, hip and hand joints(3).
The characteristics of osteoarthritis are aching pain(5), stiffness(6), or difficulty of moving the joint or joints(7). The pain usually gets worse in change of weather, at night and in the advanced diseases, the pain can occur even at rest(8). Today management of osteoarthritis (OA) focuses on pain relief and improved physical function through pharmacological, non pharmacological, and surgical treatments(4).
The Risk Factors
Aging changes in the musculoskeletal system contribute to the development of OA by making the joint more susceptible to the effects of other OA risk factors(39)(40)
1. Abnormal biomechanics
The biomechanics of the foot and ankle is important to the normal function of the lower extremity(42). Abnormal biomechanics can cause abnormal stress and eventual breakdown of connective tissue and muscle(42) of that can lead to early onset of Osteoarthritis (OA)(43).
2. Joint injury and obesity
According to the University of Calgary, joint injury and obesity were associated with an increased risk of OA of the knee and hip(44). Dr. Rogers LQ and the research team at the Southern Illinois University School of Medicine indicated that the high and low joint stress from physical activity (PA)
ate associated to reduce risk of the disease(45). In obesity, according to Duke University Medical Center, it is one of the most significant, and potentially most preventable, risk factors for the development of osteoarthritis due to a strong association between body mass index and osteoarthritis of the hip, knee, foot and hand(46)(47).
3. Age-related sarcopenia(48)(49) and increased bone turnover(49) have found to be associated to the development of OA(49). Other suggested that Osteoarthritis development in the injured joints is caused by pathways of joint-related mechanisms and deconditioning of the musculoskeletal system(50). As well as intra-articular pathogenic processes initiated at the time of injury(51).
4. Normal Aging
Normal aging in humans is associated with declines in skeletal muscle mass and strength and increased muscle fatigability (sarcopenia)(52).
5. Muscle strength
Reduced muscle strength due to ageing, injure or other conditions is regarded as a risk factor for pain and disability in osteoarthritis (OA)(53)(54).
6. Gender
Women are susceptible to the greater risk for the development of osteoarthritis (OA), but research in sex and gender differences in osteoarthritis to date, may not be appreciated by the orthopedic community, according to Mayo Clinic(56)(57)
7. Genetic
Asian are at higher risk to develop osteoarthritis, according to research of Praxisklinik für Unfallchirurgie und Orthopädie(57)(58), due to genetic polymorphisms associated with osteoarthritis and related end-points(58).
8. Deformation of bone
People who were born with defective joints or cartilage are at increased risk of developing osteoarthritis(59)(60).
9. Physical activity
People who involve in activity such as sport are at higher risk to develop osteoarthritis, if injure(61).
10. Occupations
Certain occupations are associated to the increased risk of osteoarthritis, especially to workers involving repetitive movements that stress on a particular joint(61)(62).
11. Deficiency in DNA repair
Progeroid human DNA repair syndrome trichothiodystrophy may be associated to the to the development of osteoarthritis(63).
12. Other diseases and conditions may have a higher risk of developing the condition.
a. Gout
Gout is a type of arthritis as a result of uric acid builds up in blood causes of joint inflammation(64). According to a total of 4249 completed questionnaires returned (32%) from 359 attendees, 164 cases of gout were clinically confirmed, there is highly significant association existed between the site of acute attacks of gout and the presence of OA(65).
b. Rheumatoid arthritis
Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic, systemic inflammatory disease, causing the attack of flexible (synovial) joints, inflammation of the surrounding tissues and many tissues and organs. Patients with heumatoid arthritis (RA) are associated to increase risk of OA due to progression of aging(66).
c. Paget’s disease of the bone
Paget’s disease of bone is a condition a chronic disorder of excessive and abnormal bone remodeling result in excessive breakdown and formation of bone tissue causing pain, misshapen bones, fractures, and arthritis in the joints near the affected bones(67) with prevalence trends of doubling each decade from the age of 50 onwards, causing bone pain, depending on skeletal sites involved and range from secondary osteoarthritis to malignant degeneration(68).
d. Septic arthritis
Septic arthritis is a condition of inflammation of a joint as a result of bacterial or fungal infection causes of osteoarthritis(69).
9. Etc.
Arthritis Is Curable
You Can Eliminate Osteoarthritis
By addressing the Underlying Causes through Clinical Trials and Studies
Ovarian Cysts And PCOS Elimination
Holistic System In Existence That Will Show You How To
Permanently Eliminate All Types of Ovarian Cysts Within 2 Months
Back to General health http://kylejnorton.blogspot.ca/p/general-health.html
Back to Kyle J. Norton Home page http://kylejnorton.blogspot.ca
References
(1) Prevalence of rheumatic symptoms, rheumatoid arthritis, ankylosing spondylitis, and gout in Shanghai, China: a COPCORD study by Dai SM1, Han XH, Zhao DB, Shi YQ, Liu Y, Meng JM.(PubMed)
(2) Musculoskeletal Disorders in the Elderly by Ramon Gheno, Juan M. Cepparo, Cristina E. Rosca,1 and Anne Cotten(PMC)
(3) The effect of osteoarthritis definition on prevalence and incidence estimates: a systematic review by Pereira D1, Peleteiro B, Araújo J, Branco J, Santos RA, Ramos E.(PubMed)
(4) Effect of therapeutic aquatic exercise on symptoms and function associated with lower limb osteoarthritis: systematic review with meta-analysis by Waller B1, Ogonowska-Slodownik A2, Vitor M3, Lambeck J4, Daly D5, Kujala UM6, Heinonen A7.(PubMed)
(5) Effects of therapeutic ultrasound on pain, physical functions and safety outcomes in patients with kneeosteoarthritis: A systematic review and meta-analysis by Zhang C1, Xie Y2, Luo X3, Ji Q3, Lu C3, He C4, Wang P3.(PubMed)
(6) Oral intake of purple passion fruit peel extract reduces pain and stiffness and improves physical function in adult patients with knee osteoarthritis by Farid R1, Rezaieyazdi Z, Mirfeizi Z, Hatef MR, Mirheidari M, Mansouri H, Esmaelli H, Bentley G, Lu Y, Foo Y, Watson RR.(PubMed)
(7) Functional ability, mobility, and pain before and after knee replacement in patients aged 75 and older: a cross-sectional study by Limnell K1, Jämsen E, Huhtala H, Jäntti P, Puolakka T, Jylhä M.(PubMed)
(34) Targets, models and challenges in osteoarthritis research by Thysen S1, Luyten FP2, Lories RJ3.(PubMed)
(35) Ecology of arthritis. by Peterson RO1, Vucetich JA, Fenton G, Drummer TD, Larsen CS.(PubMed)
(36) Handout on Health: Osteoarthritis(NIH)
(37) Age-related changes in the musculoskeletal system and the development of osteoarthritis. by Loeser RF1.(PubMed)
(38) Metabolic triggered inflammation in osteoarthritis by Wang X1, Hunter D2, Xu J3, Ding C4.(PubMed)
(39) [Osteoarthritis. Etiology, typing, staging and histological grading].[Article in German] by Söder S1, Aigner T.(PubMed)
(40) [Typing, grading and staging of osteoarthritis: histopathological assessment of joint degeneration].[Article in German] by Aigner T1, Söder S.(PubMed)
(41) Association of rheumatoid arthritis and primary osteoarthritis with changes in the glycosylation pattern of total serum IgG by Parekh RB, Dwek RA, Sutton BJ, Fernandes DL, Leung A, Stanworth D, Rademacher TW, Mizuochi T, Taniguchi T, Matsuta K, et al.(PubMed)
(42) Abnormal biomechanics of the foot and ankle by Donatelli RA.(PubMed)
(43) Lateral compartment osteoarthritis of the knee: Biomechanics and surgical management of end-stage disease by Scott CE1, Nutton RW, Biant LC.(PubMed)
(44) Are joint injury, sport activity, physical activity, obesity, or occupational activities predictors for osteoarthritis? A systematic review by Richmond SA1, Fukuchi RK, Ezzat A, Schneider K, Schneider G, Emery CA.(PubMed)
(45) The association between joint stress from physical activity and self-reported osteoarthritis: an analysis of the Cooper Clinic data by Rogers LQ1, Macera CA, Hootman JM, Ainsworth BE, Blairi SN.(PubMed)
(46) Why is obesity associated with osteoarthritis? Insights from mouse models of obesity by Griffin TM1, Guilak F.(PubMed)
(47) Diet-induced obesity differentially regulates behavioral, biomechanical, and molecular risk factors forosteoarthritis in mice by Griffin TM1, Fermor B, Huebner JL, Kraus VB, Rodriguiz RM, Wetsel WC, Cao L, Setton LA, Guilak F.(PubMed)
(48) Sarcopenia: a histological and immunohistochemical study on age-related muscle impairment. by Tarantino U1, Scimeca M2,3, Piccirilli E4, Tancredi V5, Baldi J4, Gasbarra E4, Bonanno E6.(PubMed)
(49) Age-related changes in the musculoskeletal system and the development of osteoarthritis by Loeser RF1.(PubMed)
(50) Joint injury causes knee osteoarthritis in young adults by Roos EM1.(PubMed)
(51) The long-term consequence of anterior cruciate ligament and meniscus injuries: osteoarthritis. by Lohmander LS1, Englund PM, Dahl LL, Roos EM.(PubMed)
(52) Age-Related Sarcopenia in Humans Is Associated with Reduced Synthetic Rates of Specific Muscle Proteins1,2 by D. N. Proctor, P. Balagopal*, and K. S. Nair*,3(The Journal of Nutrition)
(53) Muscle strength, pain and disability in patients with osteoarthritis by Steultjens MP1, Dekker J, van Baar ME, Oostendorp RA, Bijlsma JW.(PubMed)
(54) Effects of muscle-strength training on the functional status of patients with osteoarthritis of the knee joint by Schilke JM1, Johnson GO, Housh TJ, O'Dell JR.(PubMed)
(55) How do sex and gender affect knee OA? By Jennie McKee(AAOS)
(56) Osteoarthritis of the hip and knee: sex and gender differences by O'Connor MI1.(PubMed)
(57) [The prevalence of radiological osteoarthritis in relation to age, gender, birth-year cohort, and ethnic origins].[Article in German] by Spahn G1, Schiele R, Hofmann GO, Schiltenwolf M, Grifka J, Vaitl T, Schneider S, Liebers F, Klinger HM.(PubMed)
(58) The genetic epidemiology of osteoarthritis by Valdes AM1, Spector TD.(PubMed)
(59) Clinical significance of bone changes in osteoarthritis, Monitoring Editor: Gerolamo BianchiTuhina Neog(PMC)
(60) Mechanobiology: Cartilage and Chondrocyte edited by J. F. Stoltz
(61) Are joint injury, sport activity, physical activity, obesity, or occupational activities predictors for osteoarthritis? A systematic review. by Richmond SA1, Fukuchi RK, Ezzat A, Schneider K, Schneider G, Emery CA.(PubMed)
(62) Primary osteoarthritis and occupations: a national cross sectional survey of 10 412 symptomatic patients by Rossignol M1, Leclerc A, Hilliquin P, Allaert FA, Rozenberg S, Valat JP, Avouac B, Coste P, Savarieau B, Fautrel B.(PubMed)
(63) Analysis of osteoarthritis in a mouse model of the progeroid human DNA repair syndrome trichothiodystrophy by Botter SM1, Zar M, van Osch GJ, van Steeg H, Dollé ME, Hoeijmakers JH, Weinans H, van Leeuwen JP.(PubMed)
(64) Questions and Answers about Gout(NIH)
(65) Are joints affected by gout also affected by osteoarthritis? by Roddy E1, Zhang W, Doherty M.(PubMed)
(66) Patient compliance in rheumatoid arthritis, polymyalgia rheumatica, and gout by de Klerk E1, van der Heijde D, Landewé R, van der Tempel H, Urquhart J, van der Linden S.(PubMed)
(67) Paget's disease of bone(Wikipedia)
(68) Paget's disease of bone: a review by Colina M1, La Corte R, De Leonardis F, Trotta F.(PubMed)
(69) Septic arthritis complicating hip osteoarthritis by Donell S1, Williamson DM, Scott DL.(PubMed)
Tuesday, 28 February 2017
The Research and Studies of Musculo-Skeletal disorders(MSDs) - Osteoarthritis: The Causes
Kyle J. Norton (Scholar)
Health article writer and researcher; Over 10.000 articles and research papers have been written and published on line, including world wide health, ezine articles, article base, healthblogs, selfgrowth, best before it's news, the karate GB daily, etc.,.
Named TOP 50 MEDICAL ESSAYS FOR ARTISTS & AUTHORS TO READ by Disilgold.com Named 50 of the best health Tweeters Canada - Huffington Post
Nominated for shorty award over last 4 years
Some articles have been used as references in medical research, such as international journal Pharma and Bio science, ISSN 0975-6299.
Musculoskeletal disorders (MSDs) are medical condition mostly caused by work related occupations and working environment, affecting patients’ muscles, joints, tendons, ligaments and nerves and developing over time. A community sample of 73 females and 32 males aged 85 and over underwent a standardised examination at home. Musculoskeletal pain was reported by 57% of those interviewed. A major restriction of joint movement range was frequent in the shoulder but uncommon in other joints(1).
Types of Musculo-Skeletal disorders in elder(2)
1. Osteoarthritis
2. Gout
3. Rheumatoid Arthritis
4. Polymalagia Arthritis
5. Cervical myleopathy and spinal canal stenosis
6. Osteoporosis
7. Low back pain
8. Fibromyalgia
Osteoarthritis
Osteoarthritis (OA), a form of arthritis, is defined as a condition of as a result of aging causes of wear and tear on a joint, affecting over 25 million people in the United States in alone. University of Porto Medical School indicated that one must understand the differences in prevalence and incidence estimates of osteoarthritis (OA), according to case definition, in knee, hip and hand joints(3).
The characteristics of osteoarthritis are aching pain(5), stiffness(6), or difficulty of moving the joint or joints(7). The pain usually gets worse in change of weather, at night and in the advanced diseases, the pain can occur even at rest(8). Today management of osteoarthritis (OA) focuses on pain relief and improved physical function through pharmacological, non pharmacological, and surgical treatments(4).
The Causes
1. Process of wear and repair
Osteoarthritis (OA), a widespread degenerative disease of skeletal joints(34) and is often associated with senescence in vertebrates. arising from long term wear and tear, heavy long-term use or specific injuries(35). Improper repair process of injure of joints can also result of symptoms of Osteoarthritis (OA)(36) in old age(37), according to TCM.
2. Nutrient deficiency and overload
Poor nutritional conditions experienced early in life are linked to greater prevalence of osteoarthritis (OA)(35)(38), such as vitamin D. On the other hand, nutrient overload and metabolic surplus, such as obesity may contribute to early onset of osteoarthritis (OA)(38).
3. Cartilage
Cartilage is a flexible connective tissue cushioned the ends of bones in your joints and allowed the joints to move smoothly. Rough or wears down cartilage due to aging or damage can causes pain due to bone in the joint rubbing against another bone(39)(40).
The above causes of Osteoarthritis (OA) may also be the result of injure(35), overuse(15)(16), Rheumatoid Arthritis(41), etc.
4. Etc.
Arthritis Is Curable
You Can Eliminate Osteoarthritis
By addressing the Underlying Causes through Clinical Trials and Studies
Ovarian Cysts And PCOS Elimination
Holistic System In Existence That Will Show You How To
Permanently Eliminate All Types of Ovarian Cysts Within 2 Months
Back to General health http://kylejnorton.blogspot.ca/p/general-health.html
Back to Kyle J. Norton Home page http://kylejnorton.blogspot.ca
References
(1) Prevalence of rheumatic symptoms, rheumatoid arthritis, ankylosing spondylitis, and gout in Shanghai, China: a COPCORD study by Dai SM1, Han XH, Zhao DB, Shi YQ, Liu Y, Meng JM.(PubMed)
(2) Musculoskeletal Disorders in the Elderly by Ramon Gheno, Juan M. Cepparo, Cristina E. Rosca,1 and Anne Cotten(PMC)
(3) The effect of osteoarthritis definition on prevalence and incidence estimates: a systematic review by Pereira D1, Peleteiro B, Araújo J, Branco J, Santos RA, Ramos E.(PubMed)
(4) Effect of therapeutic aquatic exercise on symptoms and function associated with lower limb osteoarthritis: systematic review with meta-analysis by Waller B1, Ogonowska-Slodownik A2, Vitor M3, Lambeck J4, Daly D5, Kujala UM6, Heinonen A7.(PubMed)
(5) Effects of therapeutic ultrasound on pain, physical functions and safety outcomes in patients with kneeosteoarthritis: A systematic review and meta-analysis by Zhang C1, Xie Y2, Luo X3, Ji Q3, Lu C3, He C4, Wang P3.(PubMed)
(6) Oral intake of purple passion fruit peel extract reduces pain and stiffness and improves physical function in adult patients with knee osteoarthritis by Farid R1, Rezaieyazdi Z, Mirfeizi Z, Hatef MR, Mirheidari M, Mansouri H, Esmaelli H, Bentley G, Lu Y, Foo Y, Watson RR.(PubMed)
(7) Functional ability, mobility, and pain before and after knee replacement in patients aged 75 and older: a cross-sectional study by Limnell K1, Jämsen E, Huhtala H, Jäntti P, Puolakka T, Jylhä M.(PubMed)
(34) Targets, models and challenges in osteoarthritis research by Thysen S1, Luyten FP2, Lories RJ3.(PubMed)
(35) Ecology of arthritis. by Peterson RO1, Vucetich JA, Fenton G, Drummer TD, Larsen CS.(PubMed)
(36) Handout on Health: Osteoarthritis(NIH)
(37) Age-related changes in the musculoskeletal system and the development of osteoarthritis. by Loeser RF1.(PubMed)
(38) Metabolic triggered inflammation in osteoarthritis by Wang X1, Hunter D2, Xu J3, Ding C4.(PubMed)
(39) [Osteoarthritis. Etiology, typing, staging and histological grading].[Article in German] by Söder S1, Aigner T.(PubMed)
(40) [Typing, grading and staging of osteoarthritis: histopathological assessment of joint degeneration].[Article in German] by Aigner T1, Söder S.(PubMed)
(41) Association of rheumatoid arthritis and primary osteoarthritis with changes in the glycosylation pattern of total serum IgG by Parekh RB, Dwek RA, Sutton BJ, Fernandes DL, Leung A, Stanworth D, Rademacher TW, Mizuochi T, Taniguchi T, Matsuta K, et al.(PubMed)
(42) Abnormal biomechanics of the foot and ankle by Donatelli RA.(PubMed)
(43) Lateral compartment osteoarthritis of the knee: Biomechanics and surgical management of end-stage disease by Scott CE1, Nutton RW, Biant LC.(PubMed)
(44) Are joint injury, sport activity, physical activity, obesity, or occupational activities predictors for osteoarthritis? A systematic review by Richmond SA1, Fukuchi RK, Ezzat A, Schneider K, Schneider G, Emery CA.(PubMed)
(45) The association between joint stress from physical activity and self-reported osteoarthritis: an analysis of the Cooper Clinic data by Rogers LQ1, Macera CA, Hootman JM, Ainsworth BE, Blairi SN.(PubMed)
(46) Why is obesity associated with osteoarthritis? Insights from mouse models of obesity by Griffin TM1, Guilak F.(PubMed)
(47) Diet-induced obesity differentially regulates behavioral, biomechanical, and molecular risk factors forosteoarthritis in mice by Griffin TM1, Fermor B, Huebner JL, Kraus VB, Rodriguiz RM, Wetsel WC, Cao L, Setton LA, Guilak F.(PubMed)
(48) Sarcopenia: a histological and immunohistochemical study on age-related muscle impairment. by Tarantino U1, Scimeca M2,3, Piccirilli E4, Tancredi V5, Baldi J4, Gasbarra E4, Bonanno E6.(PubMed)
(49) Age-related changes in the musculoskeletal system and the development of osteoarthritis by Loeser RF1.(PubMed)
(50) Joint injury causes knee osteoarthritis in young adults by Roos EM1.(PubMed)
(51) The long-term consequence of anterior cruciate ligament and meniscus injuries: osteoarthritis. by Lohmander LS1, Englund PM, Dahl LL, Roos EM.(PubMed)
(52) Age-Related Sarcopenia in Humans Is Associated with Reduced Synthetic Rates of Specific Muscle Proteins1,2 by D. N. Proctor, P. Balagopal*, and K. S. Nair*,3(The Journal of Nutrition)
(53) Muscle strength, pain and disability in patients with osteoarthritis by Steultjens MP1, Dekker J, van Baar ME, Oostendorp RA, Bijlsma JW.(PubMed)
(54) Effects of muscle-strength training on the functional status of patients with osteoarthritis of the knee joint by Schilke JM1, Johnson GO, Housh TJ, O'Dell JR.(PubMed)
(55) How do sex and gender affect knee OA? By Jennie McKee(AAOS)
(56) Osteoarthritis of the hip and knee: sex and gender differences by O'Connor MI1.(PubMed)
(57) [The prevalence of radiological osteoarthritis in relation to age, gender, birth-year cohort, and ethnic origins].[Article in German] by Spahn G1, Schiele R, Hofmann GO, Schiltenwolf M, Grifka J, Vaitl T, Schneider S, Liebers F, Klinger HM.(PubMed)
(58) The genetic epidemiology of osteoarthritis by Valdes AM1, Spector TD.(PubMed)
(59) Clinical significance of bone changes in osteoarthritis, Monitoring Editor: Gerolamo BianchiTuhina Neog(PMC)
(60) Mechanobiology: Cartilage and Chondrocyte edited by J. F. Stoltz
(61) Are joint injury, sport activity, physical activity, obesity, or occupational activities predictors for osteoarthritis? A systematic review. by Richmond SA1, Fukuchi RK, Ezzat A, Schneider K, Schneider G, Emery CA.(PubMed)
(62) Primary osteoarthritis and occupations: a national cross sectional survey of 10 412 symptomatic patients by Rossignol M1, Leclerc A, Hilliquin P, Allaert FA, Rozenberg S, Valat JP, Avouac B, Coste P, Savarieau B, Fautrel B.(PubMed)
(63) Analysis of osteoarthritis in a mouse model of the progeroid human DNA repair syndrome trichothiodystrophy by Botter SM1, Zar M, van Osch GJ, van Steeg H, Dollé ME, Hoeijmakers JH, Weinans H, van Leeuwen JP.(PubMed)
(64) Questions and Answers about Gout(NIH)
(65) Are joints affected by gout also affected by osteoarthritis? by Roddy E1, Zhang W, Doherty M.(PubMed)
(66) Patient compliance in rheumatoid arthritis, polymyalgia rheumatica, and gout by de Klerk E1, van der Heijde D, Landewé R, van der Tempel H, Urquhart J, van der Linden S.(PubMed)
(67) Paget's disease of bone(Wikipedia)
(68) Paget's disease of bone: a review by Colina M1, La Corte R, De Leonardis F, Trotta F.(PubMed)
(69) Septic arthritis complicating hip osteoarthritis by Donell S1, Williamson DM, Scott DL.(PubMed)
Health article writer and researcher; Over 10.000 articles and research papers have been written and published on line, including world wide health, ezine articles, article base, healthblogs, selfgrowth, best before it's news, the karate GB daily, etc.,.
Named TOP 50 MEDICAL ESSAYS FOR ARTISTS & AUTHORS TO READ by Disilgold.com Named 50 of the best health Tweeters Canada - Huffington Post
Nominated for shorty award over last 4 years
Some articles have been used as references in medical research, such as international journal Pharma and Bio science, ISSN 0975-6299.
Musculoskeletal disorders (MSDs) are medical condition mostly caused by work related occupations and working environment, affecting patients’ muscles, joints, tendons, ligaments and nerves and developing over time. A community sample of 73 females and 32 males aged 85 and over underwent a standardised examination at home. Musculoskeletal pain was reported by 57% of those interviewed. A major restriction of joint movement range was frequent in the shoulder but uncommon in other joints(1).
Types of Musculo-Skeletal disorders in elder(2)
1. Osteoarthritis
2. Gout
3. Rheumatoid Arthritis
4. Polymalagia Arthritis
5. Cervical myleopathy and spinal canal stenosis
6. Osteoporosis
7. Low back pain
8. Fibromyalgia
Osteoarthritis
Osteoarthritis (OA), a form of arthritis, is defined as a condition of as a result of aging causes of wear and tear on a joint, affecting over 25 million people in the United States in alone. University of Porto Medical School indicated that one must understand the differences in prevalence and incidence estimates of osteoarthritis (OA), according to case definition, in knee, hip and hand joints(3).
The characteristics of osteoarthritis are aching pain(5), stiffness(6), or difficulty of moving the joint or joints(7). The pain usually gets worse in change of weather, at night and in the advanced diseases, the pain can occur even at rest(8). Today management of osteoarthritis (OA) focuses on pain relief and improved physical function through pharmacological, non pharmacological, and surgical treatments(4).
The Causes
1. Process of wear and repair
Osteoarthritis (OA), a widespread degenerative disease of skeletal joints(34) and is often associated with senescence in vertebrates. arising from long term wear and tear, heavy long-term use or specific injuries(35). Improper repair process of injure of joints can also result of symptoms of Osteoarthritis (OA)(36) in old age(37), according to TCM.
2. Nutrient deficiency and overload
Poor nutritional conditions experienced early in life are linked to greater prevalence of osteoarthritis (OA)(35)(38), such as vitamin D. On the other hand, nutrient overload and metabolic surplus, such as obesity may contribute to early onset of osteoarthritis (OA)(38).
3. Cartilage
Cartilage is a flexible connective tissue cushioned the ends of bones in your joints and allowed the joints to move smoothly. Rough or wears down cartilage due to aging or damage can causes pain due to bone in the joint rubbing against another bone(39)(40).
The above causes of Osteoarthritis (OA) may also be the result of injure(35), overuse(15)(16), Rheumatoid Arthritis(41), etc.
4. Etc.
You Can Eliminate Osteoarthritis
By addressing the Underlying Causes through Clinical Trials and Studies
Ovarian Cysts And PCOS Elimination
Holistic System In Existence That Will Show You How To
Permanently Eliminate All Types of Ovarian Cysts Within 2 Months
Back to General health http://kylejnorton.blogspot.ca/p/general-health.html
Back to Kyle J. Norton Home page http://kylejnorton.blogspot.ca
References
(1) Prevalence of rheumatic symptoms, rheumatoid arthritis, ankylosing spondylitis, and gout in Shanghai, China: a COPCORD study by Dai SM1, Han XH, Zhao DB, Shi YQ, Liu Y, Meng JM.(PubMed)
(2) Musculoskeletal Disorders in the Elderly by Ramon Gheno, Juan M. Cepparo, Cristina E. Rosca,1 and Anne Cotten(PMC)
(3) The effect of osteoarthritis definition on prevalence and incidence estimates: a systematic review by Pereira D1, Peleteiro B, Araújo J, Branco J, Santos RA, Ramos E.(PubMed)
(4) Effect of therapeutic aquatic exercise on symptoms and function associated with lower limb osteoarthritis: systematic review with meta-analysis by Waller B1, Ogonowska-Slodownik A2, Vitor M3, Lambeck J4, Daly D5, Kujala UM6, Heinonen A7.(PubMed)
(5) Effects of therapeutic ultrasound on pain, physical functions and safety outcomes in patients with kneeosteoarthritis: A systematic review and meta-analysis by Zhang C1, Xie Y2, Luo X3, Ji Q3, Lu C3, He C4, Wang P3.(PubMed)
(6) Oral intake of purple passion fruit peel extract reduces pain and stiffness and improves physical function in adult patients with knee osteoarthritis by Farid R1, Rezaieyazdi Z, Mirfeizi Z, Hatef MR, Mirheidari M, Mansouri H, Esmaelli H, Bentley G, Lu Y, Foo Y, Watson RR.(PubMed)
(7) Functional ability, mobility, and pain before and after knee replacement in patients aged 75 and older: a cross-sectional study by Limnell K1, Jämsen E, Huhtala H, Jäntti P, Puolakka T, Jylhä M.(PubMed)
(34) Targets, models and challenges in osteoarthritis research by Thysen S1, Luyten FP2, Lories RJ3.(PubMed)
(35) Ecology of arthritis. by Peterson RO1, Vucetich JA, Fenton G, Drummer TD, Larsen CS.(PubMed)
(36) Handout on Health: Osteoarthritis(NIH)
(37) Age-related changes in the musculoskeletal system and the development of osteoarthritis. by Loeser RF1.(PubMed)
(38) Metabolic triggered inflammation in osteoarthritis by Wang X1, Hunter D2, Xu J3, Ding C4.(PubMed)
(39) [Osteoarthritis. Etiology, typing, staging and histological grading].[Article in German] by Söder S1, Aigner T.(PubMed)
(40) [Typing, grading and staging of osteoarthritis: histopathological assessment of joint degeneration].[Article in German] by Aigner T1, Söder S.(PubMed)
(41) Association of rheumatoid arthritis and primary osteoarthritis with changes in the glycosylation pattern of total serum IgG by Parekh RB, Dwek RA, Sutton BJ, Fernandes DL, Leung A, Stanworth D, Rademacher TW, Mizuochi T, Taniguchi T, Matsuta K, et al.(PubMed)
(42) Abnormal biomechanics of the foot and ankle by Donatelli RA.(PubMed)
(43) Lateral compartment osteoarthritis of the knee: Biomechanics and surgical management of end-stage disease by Scott CE1, Nutton RW, Biant LC.(PubMed)
(44) Are joint injury, sport activity, physical activity, obesity, or occupational activities predictors for osteoarthritis? A systematic review by Richmond SA1, Fukuchi RK, Ezzat A, Schneider K, Schneider G, Emery CA.(PubMed)
(45) The association between joint stress from physical activity and self-reported osteoarthritis: an analysis of the Cooper Clinic data by Rogers LQ1, Macera CA, Hootman JM, Ainsworth BE, Blairi SN.(PubMed)
(46) Why is obesity associated with osteoarthritis? Insights from mouse models of obesity by Griffin TM1, Guilak F.(PubMed)
(47) Diet-induced obesity differentially regulates behavioral, biomechanical, and molecular risk factors forosteoarthritis in mice by Griffin TM1, Fermor B, Huebner JL, Kraus VB, Rodriguiz RM, Wetsel WC, Cao L, Setton LA, Guilak F.(PubMed)
(48) Sarcopenia: a histological and immunohistochemical study on age-related muscle impairment. by Tarantino U1, Scimeca M2,3, Piccirilli E4, Tancredi V5, Baldi J4, Gasbarra E4, Bonanno E6.(PubMed)
(49) Age-related changes in the musculoskeletal system and the development of osteoarthritis by Loeser RF1.(PubMed)
(50) Joint injury causes knee osteoarthritis in young adults by Roos EM1.(PubMed)
(51) The long-term consequence of anterior cruciate ligament and meniscus injuries: osteoarthritis. by Lohmander LS1, Englund PM, Dahl LL, Roos EM.(PubMed)
(52) Age-Related Sarcopenia in Humans Is Associated with Reduced Synthetic Rates of Specific Muscle Proteins1,2 by D. N. Proctor, P. Balagopal*, and K. S. Nair*,3(The Journal of Nutrition)
(53) Muscle strength, pain and disability in patients with osteoarthritis by Steultjens MP1, Dekker J, van Baar ME, Oostendorp RA, Bijlsma JW.(PubMed)
(54) Effects of muscle-strength training on the functional status of patients with osteoarthritis of the knee joint by Schilke JM1, Johnson GO, Housh TJ, O'Dell JR.(PubMed)
(55) How do sex and gender affect knee OA? By Jennie McKee(AAOS)
(56) Osteoarthritis of the hip and knee: sex and gender differences by O'Connor MI1.(PubMed)
(57) [The prevalence of radiological osteoarthritis in relation to age, gender, birth-year cohort, and ethnic origins].[Article in German] by Spahn G1, Schiele R, Hofmann GO, Schiltenwolf M, Grifka J, Vaitl T, Schneider S, Liebers F, Klinger HM.(PubMed)
(58) The genetic epidemiology of osteoarthritis by Valdes AM1, Spector TD.(PubMed)
(59) Clinical significance of bone changes in osteoarthritis, Monitoring Editor: Gerolamo BianchiTuhina Neog(PMC)
(60) Mechanobiology: Cartilage and Chondrocyte edited by J. F. Stoltz
(61) Are joint injury, sport activity, physical activity, obesity, or occupational activities predictors for osteoarthritis? A systematic review. by Richmond SA1, Fukuchi RK, Ezzat A, Schneider K, Schneider G, Emery CA.(PubMed)
(62) Primary osteoarthritis and occupations: a national cross sectional survey of 10 412 symptomatic patients by Rossignol M1, Leclerc A, Hilliquin P, Allaert FA, Rozenberg S, Valat JP, Avouac B, Coste P, Savarieau B, Fautrel B.(PubMed)
(63) Analysis of osteoarthritis in a mouse model of the progeroid human DNA repair syndrome trichothiodystrophy by Botter SM1, Zar M, van Osch GJ, van Steeg H, Dollé ME, Hoeijmakers JH, Weinans H, van Leeuwen JP.(PubMed)
(64) Questions and Answers about Gout(NIH)
(65) Are joints affected by gout also affected by osteoarthritis? by Roddy E1, Zhang W, Doherty M.(PubMed)
(66) Patient compliance in rheumatoid arthritis, polymyalgia rheumatica, and gout by de Klerk E1, van der Heijde D, Landewé R, van der Tempel H, Urquhart J, van der Linden S.(PubMed)
(67) Paget's disease of bone(Wikipedia)
(68) Paget's disease of bone: a review by Colina M1, La Corte R, De Leonardis F, Trotta F.(PubMed)
(69) Septic arthritis complicating hip osteoarthritis by Donell S1, Williamson DM, Scott DL.(PubMed)
Monday, 27 February 2017
The Research and Studies of Musculo-Skeletal disorders(MSDs) - Osteoarthritis: The Symptoms
Kyle J. Norton (Scholar)
Health article writer and researcher; Over 10.000 articles and research papers have been written and published on line, including world wide health, ezine articles, article base, healthblogs, selfgrowth, best before it's news, the karate GB daily, etc.,.
Named TOP 50 MEDICAL ESSAYS FOR ARTISTS & AUTHORS TO READ by Disilgold.com Named 50 of the best health Tweeters Canada - Huffington Post
Nominated for shorty award over last 4 years
Some articles have been used as references in medical research, such as international journal Pharma and Bio science, ISSN 0975-6299.
Musculoskeletal disorders (MSDs) are medical condition mostly caused by work related occupations and working environment, affecting patients’ muscles, joints, tendons, ligaments and nerves and developing over time. A community sample of 73 females and 32 males aged 85 and over underwent a standardised examination at home. Musculoskeletal pain was reported by 57% of those interviewed. A major restriction of joint movement range was frequent in the shoulder but uncommon in other joints(1).
Types of Musculo-Skeletal disorders in elder(2)
1. Osteoarthritis
2. Gout
3. Rheumatoid Arthritis
4. Polymalagia Arthritis
5. Cervical myleopathy and spinal canal stenosis
6. Osteoporosis
7. Low back pain
8. Fibromyalgia
Osteoarthritis
Osteoarthritis (OA), a form of arthritis, is defined as a condition of as a result of aging causes of wear and tear on a joint, affecting over 25 million people in the United States in alone. University of Porto Medical School indicated that one must understand the differences in prevalence and incidence estimates of osteoarthritis (OA), according to case definition, in knee, hip and hand joints(3).
The characteristics of osteoarthritis are aching pain(5), stiffness(6), or difficulty of moving the joint or joints(7). The pain usually gets worse in change of weather, at night and in the advanced diseases, the pain can occur even at rest(8). Today management of osteoarthritis (OA) focuses on pain relief and improved physical function through pharmacological, non pharmacological, and surgical treatments(4).
The Symptoms
Some researchers classified the severity symptoms of osteoarthritis as follow
1. Pain in joints of the hand
Most commonly affected joints of the hand in osteoarthritis include the carpometacarpal joint of the thumb (CMC 1) and the distal (DIP) andproximal (PIP) interphalangeal joints. may be resulted of
associated of High Bone Mass in Women and Small Bone Size and Low Lean Mass in Men(9), especially for patient with knee osteoarthritis(10).Ageing(11), female gender(12), genotype(13)(14), heavy work(15)(16) have shown to associate to the pain and pressure on the hands, and injuries predispose to osteoarthritis in the hand(17). The pain may be also due to permeability change in the synovial tissue caused by molecules released from the joint cartilage(18)(19).
2. Knee and Hip
Osteoarthritis (OA) of the knee and hip is among the most frequent arthritic conditions(19). Some researcher suggested that the pathological joint changes in OA include: cartilage destruction by pro-inflammatory cytokines(20), matrix metalloproteinases(21)(22) and prostaglandins(23) in promotion of a catabolic environment(19).
3. Spine
Vertebral deformity, in particular wedging, of the thoracic spine is not exclusively characteristic for osteoporosis(24), but in Europe, it is a marker of vertebral osteoporosis, in different regions and populations(25) and certain vertebral deformities develop by mechanisms other than fracture(26). Osteoporotic fracture of the thoracic spine can induce severe pain in your back, legs, and arms and weakness or numbness in these areas if the fracture injures the nerves of the spine(27)
Osteoarthritis is found to affect the low back can lead to chronic low back pain (lumbago)(28)(29) and degenerative disc disease (spondylosis)(30)(31). Other researchers indicated that postmenopausal women with lumbar spine disc degeneration are as the result of by increased CII degradation(32)(33).
Arthritis Is Curable
You Can Eliminate Osteoarthritis
By addressing the Underlying Causes through Clinical Trials and Studies
References
(1) Prevalence of rheumatic symptoms, rheumatoid arthritis, ankylosing spondylitis, and gout in Shanghai, China: a COPCORD study by Dai SM1, Han XH, Zhao DB, Shi YQ, Liu Y, Meng JM.(PubMed)
(2) Musculoskeletal Disorders in the Elderly by Ramon Gheno, Juan M. Cepparo, Cristina E. Rosca,1 and Anne Cotten(PMC)
(3) The effect of osteoarthritis definition on prevalence and incidence estimates: a systematic review by Pereira D1, Peleteiro B, Araújo J, Branco J, Santos RA, Ramos E.(PubMed)
(4) Effect of therapeutic aquatic exercise on symptoms and function associated with lower limb osteoarthritis: systematic review with meta-analysis by Waller B1, Ogonowska-Slodownik A2, Vitor M3, Lambeck J4, Daly D5, Kujala UM6, Heinonen A7.(PubMed)
(5) Effects of therapeutic ultrasound on pain, physical functions and safety outcomes in patients with kneeosteoarthritis: A systematic review and meta-analysis by Zhang C1, Xie Y2, Luo X3, Ji Q3, Lu C3, He C4, Wang P3.(PubMed)
(6) Oral intake of purple passion fruit peel extract reduces pain and stiffness and improves physical function in adult patients with knee osteoarthritis by Farid R1, Rezaieyazdi Z, Mirfeizi Z, Hatef MR, Mirheidari M, Mansouri H, Esmaelli H, Bentley G, Lu Y, Foo Y, Watson RR.(PubMed)
(7) Functional ability, mobility, and pain before and after knee replacement in patients aged 75 and older: a cross-sectional study by Limnell K1, Jämsen E, Huhtala H, Jäntti P, Puolakka T, Jylhä M.(PubMed)
(8) The symptoms of OA and the genesis of pain by David J. Hunter, MBBS PhD,1,2 Jason J. McDougall, BSc PhD,3 and Francis J. Keefe4(PubMed)
(9) Osteoarthritis of the Distal Interphalangeal and First Carpometacarpal Joints is Associated with High Bone Mass in Women and Small Bone Size and Low Lean Mass in Men by von Schewelov T1, Magnusson H1, Cöster M1, Karlsson C1, Rosengren BE1.(PubMed)
(10) Patients with knee osteoarthritis have a phenotype with higher bone mass, higher fat mass, and lower lean body mass by Karlsson MK1, Magnusson H, Cöster M, Karlsson C, Rosengren BE.(PubMed)
(11) Ageing and osteoarthritis: a circadian rhythm connection by Gossan N1, Boot-Handford R, Meng QJ.(PubMed)
(12) Osteoarthritis in Latin America: Study of Demographic and Clinical Characteristics in 3040 Patients by Reginato AM1, Riera H, Vera M, Torres AR, Espinosa R, Esquivel JA, Felipe OJ, Blas JR, Rillo O, Papasidero S, Souto R, Rossi C, Molina JF, Ballesteros F,Radrigan F, Guibert M, Chico A, Gil ML, Camacho W, Urioste L, Garcia AK, Iraheta I, Gutierrez CE, Duarte M, Castañeda O, Coimbra I, Muñoz Louis R, Reveille J, Quintero M; Pan-American League of Associations for Rheumatology (PANLAR) Osteoarthritis Study Group.(PubMed)
(13) Vitamin D receptor genotype is associated with radiographic osteoarthritis at the knee by Uitterlinden AG1, Burger H, Huang Q, Odding E, Duijn CM, Hofman A, Birkenhäger JC, van Leeuwen JP, Pols HA.(PubMed)
(14) Estrogen receptor alpha genotype is associated with a reduced prevalence of radiographic hip osteoarthritis in elderly Caucasian women by Lian K1, Lui L, Zmuda JM, Nevitt MC, Hochberg MC, Lee JM, Li J, Lane NE.(PubMed)
(15) Knee osteoarthritis: influence of work involving heavy lifting, kneeling, climbing stairs or ladders, or kneeling/squatting combined with heavy lifting by Jensen LK1.(PubMed)
(16) Hip osteoarthritis: influence of work with heavy lifting, climbing stairs or ladders, or combining kneeling/squatting with heavy lifting by Jensen LK1.(PubMed)
(17) [Osteoarthritis of the thumb and fingers].[Article in Finnish] by Waris E1, Waris V, Konttinen YT.(PubMed)
(18) Role of inflammation in the pathogenesis of osteoarthritis: latest findings and interpretation by Jeremy Sokolove
and Christin M. Lepus(PMC)
(19) Osteoarthritis of the knee and hip. Part I: aetiology and pathogenesis as a basis for pharmacotherapy. by Adatia A1, Rainsford KD, Kean WF.(PubMed)
(20) CNI-1493, an inhibitor of proinflammatory cytokines, retards cartilage destruction in rats with collagen induced arthritis. by Larsson E1, Harris HE, Palmblad K, Månsson B, Saxne T, Klareskog L.(PubMed)
(21) Effective knock down of matrix metalloproteinase-13 by an intra-articular injection of small interfering RNA (siRNA) in a murine surgically-induced osteoarthritis model. by Akagi R1, Sasho T, Saito M, Endo J, Yamaguchi S, Muramatsu Y, Mukoyama S, Akatsu Y, Katsuragi J, Fukawa T, Takahashi K.(PubMed)
(22) Knee loading reduces MMP13 activity in the mouse cartilage by Hamamura K, Zhang P, Zhao L, Shim JW, Chen A, Dodge TR, Wan Q, Shih H, Na S, Lin CC, Sun HB, Yokota H1.(PubMed)
(23) [Prostaglandin E₂: innovative approaches for tissue engineering of articular cartilage].[Article in German] by Brochhausen-Delius C1.(PubMed)
(24) Aging of the thoracic spine: distinction between wedging in osteoarthritis and fracture in osteoporosis--a cross-sectional and longitudinal study by Abdel-Hamid Osman A1, Bassiouni H, Koutri R, Nijs J, Geusens P, Dequeker J.(PubMed)
(25) The prevalence of vertebral deformity in european men and women: the European Vertebral Osteoporosis Study by O'Neill TW1, Felsenberg D, Varlow J, Cooper C, Kanis JA, Silman AJ.(PubMed)
(26) Vertebral Fracture Initiative Part II Radiological Assessment of Vertebral Fracture Authored by: Judith E Adams1 , Leon Lenchik2 , Christian Roux3 and Harry K. Genant4(International Osteoporosis Foundation)
(27) A Patient's Guide to Thoracic Compression Fractures(University of Maryland Medical Center)
(28) [Comparison of the effect of laser and magnetic therapy for pain level and the range of motion of the spine of people with osteoarthritis lower back].[Article in Polish] by Zdrodowska B1, Leszczyńska-Filus M1, Leszczyński R1, Błaszczyk J2.(PubMed)
(29) Development of an Experimental Animal Model for Lower Back Pain by Percutaneous Injury-Induced Lumbar Facet Joint Osteoarthritis. by Kim JS1,2, Ahmadinia K2,3, Li X2, Hamilton JL2, Andrews S4, Haralampus CA2, Xiao G2,5, Sohn HM6, You JW6, Seo YS7, Stein GS8, Van Wijnen AJ9, Kim SG10, Im HJ2,3,11,12,13.(PubMed)
(30) Prevalence of knee osteoarthritis, lumbar spondylosis, and osteoporosis in Japanese men and women: the research on osteoarthritis/osteoporosis against disability study by Yoshimura N1, Muraki S, Oka H, Mabuchi A, En-Yo Y, Yoshida M, Saika A, Yoshida H, Suzuki T, Yamamoto S, Ishibashi H, Kawaguchi H, Nakamura K, Akune T.(PubMed)
(31) Association of occupational activity with radiographic knee osteoarthritis and lumbar spondylosis in elderly patients of population-based cohorts: a large-scale population-based study. by Muraki S1, Akune T, Oka H, Mabuchi A, En-Yo Y, Yoshida M, Saika A, Nakamura K, Kawaguchi H, Yoshimura N.(PubMed)
(32) Association between spine disc degeneration and type II collagen degradation in postmenopausal women: the OFELY study by Garnero P1, Sornay-Rendu E, Arlot M, Christiansen C, Delmas PD.(PubMed)
(33) Regeneration of the intervertebral disc with nucleus pulposus cell-seeded collagen II/hyaluronan/chondroitin-6-sulfate tri-copolymer constructs in a rabbit disc degeneration model. by Huang B1, Zhuang Y, Li CQ, Liu LT, Zhou Y.(PubMed)
Health article writer and researcher; Over 10.000 articles and research papers have been written and published on line, including world wide health, ezine articles, article base, healthblogs, selfgrowth, best before it's news, the karate GB daily, etc.,.
Named TOP 50 MEDICAL ESSAYS FOR ARTISTS & AUTHORS TO READ by Disilgold.com Named 50 of the best health Tweeters Canada - Huffington Post
Nominated for shorty award over last 4 years
Some articles have been used as references in medical research, such as international journal Pharma and Bio science, ISSN 0975-6299.
Musculoskeletal disorders (MSDs) are medical condition mostly caused by work related occupations and working environment, affecting patients’ muscles, joints, tendons, ligaments and nerves and developing over time. A community sample of 73 females and 32 males aged 85 and over underwent a standardised examination at home. Musculoskeletal pain was reported by 57% of those interviewed. A major restriction of joint movement range was frequent in the shoulder but uncommon in other joints(1).
Types of Musculo-Skeletal disorders in elder(2)
1. Osteoarthritis
2. Gout
3. Rheumatoid Arthritis
4. Polymalagia Arthritis
5. Cervical myleopathy and spinal canal stenosis
6. Osteoporosis
7. Low back pain
8. Fibromyalgia
Osteoarthritis
Osteoarthritis (OA), a form of arthritis, is defined as a condition of as a result of aging causes of wear and tear on a joint, affecting over 25 million people in the United States in alone. University of Porto Medical School indicated that one must understand the differences in prevalence and incidence estimates of osteoarthritis (OA), according to case definition, in knee, hip and hand joints(3).
The characteristics of osteoarthritis are aching pain(5), stiffness(6), or difficulty of moving the joint or joints(7). The pain usually gets worse in change of weather, at night and in the advanced diseases, the pain can occur even at rest(8). Today management of osteoarthritis (OA) focuses on pain relief and improved physical function through pharmacological, non pharmacological, and surgical treatments(4).
The Symptoms
Some researchers classified the severity symptoms of osteoarthritis as follow
1. Pain in joints of the hand
Most commonly affected joints of the hand in osteoarthritis include the carpometacarpal joint of the thumb (CMC 1) and the distal (DIP) andproximal (PIP) interphalangeal joints. may be resulted of
associated of High Bone Mass in Women and Small Bone Size and Low Lean Mass in Men(9), especially for patient with knee osteoarthritis(10).Ageing(11), female gender(12), genotype(13)(14), heavy work(15)(16) have shown to associate to the pain and pressure on the hands, and injuries predispose to osteoarthritis in the hand(17). The pain may be also due to permeability change in the synovial tissue caused by molecules released from the joint cartilage(18)(19).
2. Knee and Hip
Osteoarthritis (OA) of the knee and hip is among the most frequent arthritic conditions(19). Some researcher suggested that the pathological joint changes in OA include: cartilage destruction by pro-inflammatory cytokines(20), matrix metalloproteinases(21)(22) and prostaglandins(23) in promotion of a catabolic environment(19).
3. Spine
Vertebral deformity, in particular wedging, of the thoracic spine is not exclusively characteristic for osteoporosis(24), but in Europe, it is a marker of vertebral osteoporosis, in different regions and populations(25) and certain vertebral deformities develop by mechanisms other than fracture(26). Osteoporotic fracture of the thoracic spine can induce severe pain in your back, legs, and arms and weakness or numbness in these areas if the fracture injures the nerves of the spine(27)
Osteoarthritis is found to affect the low back can lead to chronic low back pain (lumbago)(28)(29) and degenerative disc disease (spondylosis)(30)(31). Other researchers indicated that postmenopausal women with lumbar spine disc degeneration are as the result of by increased CII degradation(32)(33).
Arthritis Is Curable
You Can Eliminate Osteoarthritis
By addressing the Underlying Causes through Clinical Trials and Studies
References
(1) Prevalence of rheumatic symptoms, rheumatoid arthritis, ankylosing spondylitis, and gout in Shanghai, China: a COPCORD study by Dai SM1, Han XH, Zhao DB, Shi YQ, Liu Y, Meng JM.(PubMed)
(2) Musculoskeletal Disorders in the Elderly by Ramon Gheno, Juan M. Cepparo, Cristina E. Rosca,1 and Anne Cotten(PMC)
(3) The effect of osteoarthritis definition on prevalence and incidence estimates: a systematic review by Pereira D1, Peleteiro B, Araújo J, Branco J, Santos RA, Ramos E.(PubMed)
(4) Effect of therapeutic aquatic exercise on symptoms and function associated with lower limb osteoarthritis: systematic review with meta-analysis by Waller B1, Ogonowska-Slodownik A2, Vitor M3, Lambeck J4, Daly D5, Kujala UM6, Heinonen A7.(PubMed)
(5) Effects of therapeutic ultrasound on pain, physical functions and safety outcomes in patients with kneeosteoarthritis: A systematic review and meta-analysis by Zhang C1, Xie Y2, Luo X3, Ji Q3, Lu C3, He C4, Wang P3.(PubMed)
(6) Oral intake of purple passion fruit peel extract reduces pain and stiffness and improves physical function in adult patients with knee osteoarthritis by Farid R1, Rezaieyazdi Z, Mirfeizi Z, Hatef MR, Mirheidari M, Mansouri H, Esmaelli H, Bentley G, Lu Y, Foo Y, Watson RR.(PubMed)
(7) Functional ability, mobility, and pain before and after knee replacement in patients aged 75 and older: a cross-sectional study by Limnell K1, Jämsen E, Huhtala H, Jäntti P, Puolakka T, Jylhä M.(PubMed)
(8) The symptoms of OA and the genesis of pain by David J. Hunter, MBBS PhD,1,2 Jason J. McDougall, BSc PhD,3 and Francis J. Keefe4(PubMed)
(9) Osteoarthritis of the Distal Interphalangeal and First Carpometacarpal Joints is Associated with High Bone Mass in Women and Small Bone Size and Low Lean Mass in Men by von Schewelov T1, Magnusson H1, Cöster M1, Karlsson C1, Rosengren BE1.(PubMed)
(10) Patients with knee osteoarthritis have a phenotype with higher bone mass, higher fat mass, and lower lean body mass by Karlsson MK1, Magnusson H, Cöster M, Karlsson C, Rosengren BE.(PubMed)
(11) Ageing and osteoarthritis: a circadian rhythm connection by Gossan N1, Boot-Handford R, Meng QJ.(PubMed)
(12) Osteoarthritis in Latin America: Study of Demographic and Clinical Characteristics in 3040 Patients by Reginato AM1, Riera H, Vera M, Torres AR, Espinosa R, Esquivel JA, Felipe OJ, Blas JR, Rillo O, Papasidero S, Souto R, Rossi C, Molina JF, Ballesteros F,Radrigan F, Guibert M, Chico A, Gil ML, Camacho W, Urioste L, Garcia AK, Iraheta I, Gutierrez CE, Duarte M, Castañeda O, Coimbra I, Muñoz Louis R, Reveille J, Quintero M; Pan-American League of Associations for Rheumatology (PANLAR) Osteoarthritis Study Group.(PubMed)
(13) Vitamin D receptor genotype is associated with radiographic osteoarthritis at the knee by Uitterlinden AG1, Burger H, Huang Q, Odding E, Duijn CM, Hofman A, Birkenhäger JC, van Leeuwen JP, Pols HA.(PubMed)
(14) Estrogen receptor alpha genotype is associated with a reduced prevalence of radiographic hip osteoarthritis in elderly Caucasian women by Lian K1, Lui L, Zmuda JM, Nevitt MC, Hochberg MC, Lee JM, Li J, Lane NE.(PubMed)
(15) Knee osteoarthritis: influence of work involving heavy lifting, kneeling, climbing stairs or ladders, or kneeling/squatting combined with heavy lifting by Jensen LK1.(PubMed)
(16) Hip osteoarthritis: influence of work with heavy lifting, climbing stairs or ladders, or combining kneeling/squatting with heavy lifting by Jensen LK1.(PubMed)
(17) [Osteoarthritis of the thumb and fingers].[Article in Finnish] by Waris E1, Waris V, Konttinen YT.(PubMed)
(18) Role of inflammation in the pathogenesis of osteoarthritis: latest findings and interpretation by Jeremy Sokolove
and Christin M. Lepus(PMC)(19) Osteoarthritis of the knee and hip. Part I: aetiology and pathogenesis as a basis for pharmacotherapy. by Adatia A1, Rainsford KD, Kean WF.(PubMed)
(20) CNI-1493, an inhibitor of proinflammatory cytokines, retards cartilage destruction in rats with collagen induced arthritis. by Larsson E1, Harris HE, Palmblad K, Månsson B, Saxne T, Klareskog L.(PubMed)
(21) Effective knock down of matrix metalloproteinase-13 by an intra-articular injection of small interfering RNA (siRNA) in a murine surgically-induced osteoarthritis model. by Akagi R1, Sasho T, Saito M, Endo J, Yamaguchi S, Muramatsu Y, Mukoyama S, Akatsu Y, Katsuragi J, Fukawa T, Takahashi K.(PubMed)
(22) Knee loading reduces MMP13 activity in the mouse cartilage by Hamamura K, Zhang P, Zhao L, Shim JW, Chen A, Dodge TR, Wan Q, Shih H, Na S, Lin CC, Sun HB, Yokota H1.(PubMed)
(23) [Prostaglandin E₂: innovative approaches for tissue engineering of articular cartilage].[Article in German] by Brochhausen-Delius C1.(PubMed)
(24) Aging of the thoracic spine: distinction between wedging in osteoarthritis and fracture in osteoporosis--a cross-sectional and longitudinal study by Abdel-Hamid Osman A1, Bassiouni H, Koutri R, Nijs J, Geusens P, Dequeker J.(PubMed)
(25) The prevalence of vertebral deformity in european men and women: the European Vertebral Osteoporosis Study by O'Neill TW1, Felsenberg D, Varlow J, Cooper C, Kanis JA, Silman AJ.(PubMed)
(26) Vertebral Fracture Initiative Part II Radiological Assessment of Vertebral Fracture Authored by: Judith E Adams1 , Leon Lenchik2 , Christian Roux3 and Harry K. Genant4(International Osteoporosis Foundation)
(27) A Patient's Guide to Thoracic Compression Fractures(University of Maryland Medical Center)
(28) [Comparison of the effect of laser and magnetic therapy for pain level and the range of motion of the spine of people with osteoarthritis lower back].[Article in Polish] by Zdrodowska B1, Leszczyńska-Filus M1, Leszczyński R1, Błaszczyk J2.(PubMed)
(29) Development of an Experimental Animal Model for Lower Back Pain by Percutaneous Injury-Induced Lumbar Facet Joint Osteoarthritis. by Kim JS1,2, Ahmadinia K2,3, Li X2, Hamilton JL2, Andrews S4, Haralampus CA2, Xiao G2,5, Sohn HM6, You JW6, Seo YS7, Stein GS8, Van Wijnen AJ9, Kim SG10, Im HJ2,3,11,12,13.(PubMed)
(30) Prevalence of knee osteoarthritis, lumbar spondylosis, and osteoporosis in Japanese men and women: the research on osteoarthritis/osteoporosis against disability study by Yoshimura N1, Muraki S, Oka H, Mabuchi A, En-Yo Y, Yoshida M, Saika A, Yoshida H, Suzuki T, Yamamoto S, Ishibashi H, Kawaguchi H, Nakamura K, Akune T.(PubMed)
(31) Association of occupational activity with radiographic knee osteoarthritis and lumbar spondylosis in elderly patients of population-based cohorts: a large-scale population-based study. by Muraki S1, Akune T, Oka H, Mabuchi A, En-Yo Y, Yoshida M, Saika A, Nakamura K, Kawaguchi H, Yoshimura N.(PubMed)
(32) Association between spine disc degeneration and type II collagen degradation in postmenopausal women: the OFELY study by Garnero P1, Sornay-Rendu E, Arlot M, Christiansen C, Delmas PD.(PubMed)
(33) Regeneration of the intervertebral disc with nucleus pulposus cell-seeded collagen II/hyaluronan/chondroitin-6-sulfate tri-copolymer constructs in a rabbit disc degeneration model. by Huang B1, Zhuang Y, Li CQ, Liu LT, Zhou Y.(PubMed)
Sunday, 26 February 2017
The holistic Prevention, Management and Treatment of Dementia -TCM treatment for depletion of Kidney Essence - Herbal Huang Qi(Astragalus)
Kyle J. Norton (Scholar)
Health article writer and researcher; Over 10.000 articles and research papers have been written and published on line, including world wide health, ezine articles, article base, healthblogs, selfgrowth, best before it's news, the karate GB daily, etc.,.
Named TOP 50 MEDICAL ESSAYS FOR ARTISTS & AUTHORS TO READ by Disilgold.com Named 50 of the best health Tweeters Canada - Huffington Post
Nominated for shorty award over last 4 years
Some articles have been used as references in medical research, such as international journal Pharma and Bio science, ISSN 0975-6299.
Dementia
Dementia is defined as neuro degeneration syndrome among elder, affecting memory, thinking, orientation, comprehension, calculation, learning capacity, language, and judgement over 47 millions
of worldwide population, mostly in the West. The evaluation of the syndrome by holistic medicine has been lacking, especially through conventional medicine research and studies.
TCM Treatment of Dementia due to aging depletion of Kidney Essence - Herbal Huang Qi(Astragalus)
Based on Chinese ancient medical records, causes of dementia are the results of (*)
4. Huang qi(Astragalus)
Huang qi, the slightly sweet herb, is also known as astragalus root used in traditional Chinese medicine as immune stimulant(1339)(1342)(1343), tonic(1339)(1344), antioxidant(1339)(1341), hepatoprotectant(1339)(1345)(1346), diuretic(1339), antidiabetic(1339)(1347)(1348), anticancer(1339)(1349)(1350)(1351), expectoran(1339)(1352) and antibiotics(1340) agents and to lessen proteinuria in chronic kidney diseases(1353)(1354), lower blood pressure(1355)(1356) and endothelial dysfunction(1356), improve endurance and protect liver against diseases(1357)(1358),... by enhancing the functions of lung and spleen channels(1359).
Phytochemicals
1. Astralagus menbranaceus
2. Astragaloside I
3. Astragaloside II
4. Daucosterol
5. Beta-sitosterol
6. Palmitic acid
7. Astragalus saponin A,B,C
8. Astramenbrangenin
9. Etc.
Huang qi(Astragalus root) used in the treatment of symptoms of dementia(1360)(1261))(1362)(1362), including Alzheimer's pathophysiology(1363) in traditional Chinese medicine, may be due to its effectiveness of phytochemical astragalosides (AST) and extracts(1365)(1363) in oxidative stress inhibition(1363) and anti progression associated to neuronal cell apoptosis(1363) through inhibiting acetylcholinesterase activity(1364), level glucocorticoids (GCs) and β-amyloid (Aβ) peptide deposition(1367) and decreasing the expression level of amyloid precursor protein (APP) in cerebral cortex and hippocampus(1365)(1366), ROS generation and neurotoxicity(1368)(1369).
4.1. In learning and memory
Polysaccharides (APS), isolated from Astragalus, in aging female SD rats model, according to the open-field test and the Morris water maze task, improved learning and memory functions of aged rats through up-regulation in the hippocampus neural protein expression(1370). In rats induced neurologic damage of hippocampus by electromagnetic field (EMF) acute or chronic irradiation, Chinese medicine diet (CMD) comprised ferulic acid, ginsenoside, astragalus polysaccharide and rhodiola sachalinensis, showed to protect the impaired learning and memory, the neuron apoptosis, through ameliorating superoxide dismutase (SOD), malondialdehyde (MDA), glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) and reactive oxygen species (ROS)(1371). In intermittent hypoxia-induced hippocampal neurons impairment rats, astragaloside IV, astragaloside II and astragaloside I, the main compounds inAstragalus extract inhibited the apoptosis of hippocampal neurons, decreased the expression of protein level involved imapair learning and memory(1372). According to Anhui Medical University, learning and memory impairments andneurons' apoptosis induced by glucocorticoids in 12-month-old male mice model, extract of Astragalus, improved learning and memory impairments andprevented neuronal cell apoptosis, through increased immunohistochemistry demonstration in hippocampus and neocortex and decreased activity of mitochondrial death pathway causes of neron cell death(1373).
4.2. In Alzheimer's and Parkinson disease
Mitochondrial dysfunction caused by amyloid β-peptide (Aβ) and stress-level glucocorticoids correlated with dementia progression have shown to associate to the pathogenesis of Alzheimer disease(1374)(1375). Astragaloside IV (AS-IV), one of the major active constituents of Astragalus and extract of Astragalus, prevented Aβ1-42-induced neuron cell apoptosis, and ROS generation(1374) and down regulate the protein level builds up as Alzheimer's disease progresses, involved degeneration of hippocampus (CA1, CA3) and neocortex(1375).
According to Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Astragalus, one of the herb used in traditional Chinese medicine for treatment neuro degenerative diseases showed to modulate multiple key events or signaling pathways implicated in the pathogenesis of PD(1376), probably through its phytochemical Astragaloside IV in promoted neurite outgrowth and increased immunoreactive of dopaminergic neurons caused by ROS(1377).
4.3. In neuroprotective effects
In experimental subarachnoid hemorrhage induced early brain injury rat model, Astragaloside IV, exerted its antioxidative and anti-apoptoticeffects(1378)(1379), against increased malondialdehyde (MDA) level, neuronal apoptosis and decreased activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px)(1378). Myelophil, a combination of extracts isolated from Astragali Radix and Salviae Miltiorrhizae Radix, in brain dysfunctions animal model, also exhibited its anti oxidative stress, ROS activity through attenuated total glutathione (GSH) content, and the activities of GSH-reductase, GSH-S-transferase via ameliorated protein and gene expression(1380) and inflammation and regulating stress hormones(1381).
Ovarian Cysts And PCOS Elimination
Holistic System In Existence That Will Show You How To
Permanently Eliminate All Types of Ovarian Cysts Within 2 Months
Pregnancy Miracle
Reverse Infertility And Get Pregnant Naturally
Using Holistic Ancient Chinese Medicine
References)
(1339) Review of the botanical characteristics, phytochemistry, and pharmacology of Astragalus membranaceus (Huangqi) by Fu J1, Wang Z, Huang L, Zheng S, Wang D, Chen S, Zhang H, Yang S.(PubMed)
(1340) Phenotypic characterization of Astragalus glycyphyllos symbionts and their phylogeny based on the 16S rDNA sequences and RFLP of 16S rRNA gene by Gnat S1, Wójcik M, Wdowiak-Wróbel S, Kalita M, Ptaszyńska A, Małek W.(PubMed)
(1341) Supplementation with Astragalus polysaccharides alters Aeromonas-induced tissue-specific cellular immune response by Abuelsaad AS1.(PubMed)
(1342) Astragalus polysaccharide attenuates lipopolysaccharide-induced inflammatory responses in microglial cells: regulation of protein kinase B and nuclear factor-κB signaling by Luo T1, Qin J, Liu M, Luo J, Ding F, Wang M, Zheng L.(PubMed)
(1343) Anti-inflammatory effects of Polygala tenuifolia root through inhibition of NF-κB activation in lipopolysaccharide-induced BV2 microglial cells by Cheong MH1, Lee SR, Yoo HS, Jeong JW, Kim GY, Kim WJ, Jung IC, Choi YH(PubMed)
(1344) Investigation of chemomarkers of astragali radix of different ages and geographical origin by NMR profiling by Zheng L1, Wang M2,3, Ibarra-Estrada E4, Wu C5, Wilson EG6, Verpoorte R7, Klinkhamer PG8, Choi YH9.(PubMed)
(1345) Astragalus and Paeoniae Radix Rubra extract (APE) inhibits hepatic stellate cell activation by modulating transforming growth factor-β/Smad pathway by Huang W1, Li L1, Tian X2, Yan J3, Yang X3, Wang X1, Liao G1, Qiu G4.(PubMed)
(1346) Polysaccharides from Angelica and Astragalus exert hepatoprotective effects against carbon-tetrachloride-induced intoxication in mice by Pu X1, Fan W, Yu S, Li Y, Ma X, Liu L, Ren J, Zhang W.(PubMed)
(1347) The critical role of Astragalus polysaccharides for the improvement of PPARα [ correction of PPRAα]-mediated lipotoxicity in diabetic cardiomyopathy by Chen W1, Xia Y, Zhao X, Wang H, Chen W, Yu M, Li Y, Ye H, Zhang Y.(PubMed)
(1348) Comparative evaluation of polysaccharides isolated from Astragalus, oyster mushroom, and yacon as inhibitors of α-glucosidase by Zhu ZY1, Zhang JY2, Chen LJ3, Liu XC2, Liu Y2, Wang WX2, Zhang YM4.(PubMed)
(1349) Comparative evaluation of polysaccharides isolated from Astragalus, oyster mushroom, and yacon as inhibitors of α-glucosidase by Zhu ZY1, Zhang JY2, Chen LJ3, Liu XC2, Liu Y2, Wang WX2, Zhang YM4.(PubMed)
(1350) Astragalus saponins downregulate vascular endothelial growth factor under cobalt chloride-stimulated hypoxia in colon cancer cells. by Law PC1, Auyeung KK, Chan LY, Ko JK.(PubMed)
(1351) Anticancer potential of rhamnocitrin 4'-β-D-galactopyranoside against N-diethylnitrosamine-induced hepatocellular carcinoma in rats by Saleem S1, Shaharyar MA, Khusroo MJ, Ahmad P, Rahman RU, Ahmad K, Alam MJ, Al-Harbi NO, Iqbal M, Imam F.(PubMed)
(1352) Investigation of chemomarkers of astragali radix of different ages and geographical origin by NMR profiling by Zheng L1, Wang M2,3, Ibarra-Estrada E4, Wu C5, Wilson EG6, Verpoorte R7, Klinkhamer PG8, Choi YH9.(PubMed)
(1353) [Therapeutic effect of Astragalus and Angelica mixture on the renal function and TCM syndrome factors in treating stage 3 and 4 chronic kidney disease patients].[Article in Chinese] by Li S, Yin XX, Su T, Cao C, Li X, Rao XR, Li X.(PubMed)
(1354) Astragalus (a traditional Chinese medicine) for treating chronic kidney disease. by Zhang HW1, Lin ZX, Xu C, Leung C, Chan LS.(PubMed)
(1355) Anti-hypertensive effects of shichimotsukokato in 5/6 nephrectomized Wistar rats mediated by the DDAH-ADMA-NO pathway by Bai F1, Makino T, Ono T, Mizukami H.(PubMed)
(1356) Astragaloside IV improves metabolic syndrome and endothelium dysfunction in fructose-fed rats. by Zhang N1, Wang XH, Mao SL, Zhao F.(PubMed)
(1357) The influence of astragalus polysaccharide and β-elemene on LX-2 cell growth, apoptosis and activation by Zheng J, Ma LT, Ren QY, Li L, Zhang Y, Shi HJ, Liu Y, Li CH, Dou YQ, Li SD, Zhang H, Yang MH.(PubMed)
(1358) Semen Astragali Complanati: an ethnopharmacological, phytochemical and pharmacological review by Ng YF1, Tang PC2, Sham TT2, Lam WS3, Mok DK4, Chan SW5.(PubMed)
(1359) Huang Qi(Complementary and Alternative Healing University)
(1360) [Advances in pharmacological study of natural active polysaccharides in China].[Article in Chinese] by Han G1, Duan Y.(PubMed)
(1361) [A review of pharmacological study on Astragalus membranaceus (Fisch.) Bge].[Article in Chinese] by Wu F1, Chen X.(PubMed)
(1362) [Memory-improving effect of aqueous extract of Astragalus membranaceus (Fisch.) Bge].[Article in Chinese] by Hong GX1, Qin WC, Huang LS.(PubMed)
(1363) Protective effect of extract of Astragalus on learning and memory impairments and neurons' apoptosis induced by glucocorticoids in 12-month-old male mice by Li WZ1, Li WP, Zhang W, Yin YY, Sun XX, Zhou SS, Xu XQ, Tao CR.(PubMed)
(1364) [Effect of improving memory and inhibiting acetylcholinesterase activity by invigorating-qi and warming-yang recipe].[Article in Chinese] by Liu ZY1, Yang YG, Zheng B.(PubMed)
(1365) [Study on preventative and curative effects of astragaloside (AST) on mice memory impairment and expression of amyloid precursor protein and beta secretase mRNA induced by dexamethasone].[Article in Chinese] by Zhang W1, Li W, Li W, Sun X, Zhou S, Xu X.(PubMed)
(1366) [Effects of astragalosides on PC12 cells injury and APP expression induced by dexamethasone and Abeta(25-35)].[Article in Chinese] by Huang RR, Li WZ, Li WP.(PubMed)
(1367) Protective effects of astragalosides on dexamethasone and Aβ25-35 induced learning and memory impairments due to decrease amyloid precursor protein expression in 12-month male rats. by Li WZ1, Wu WY, Huang DK, Yin YY, Kan HW, Wang X, Yao YY, Li WP.(PubMed)
(1368) Protective effects of astragaloside IV against amyloid beta1-42 neurotoxicity by inhibiting the mitochondrial permeability transition pore opening. by Sun Q1, Jia N1, Wang W1, Jin H1, Xu J1, Hu H1.(PubMed)
(1369)Astragaloside IV Alleviates Early Brain Injury Following Experimental Subarachnoid Hemorrhage in Rat by Anwen Shao1, Songxue Guo2, Sheng Tu3, Al-baadani Ammar1, Junjia Tang1, Yuan Hong1, Haijian Wu1, Jianmin Zhang1 (International journal medical science)
(1370) [Study on effect of astragali radix polysaccharides in improving learning and memory functions in aged rats and its mechanism].[Article in Chinese] by Yao H, Gu LJ, Guo JY(PubMed)
(1371) [The Chinese medicine nutrient diet intervention prevent against the neurologic damage induce by EMF irradiation in rat hippocampus].[Article in Chinese] by Gong QF1, Yang XS, Tu L, Zhang GB, Yu ZP.(PubMed)
(1372) Protective effects of astragalus extract against intermittent hypoxia-induced hippocampal neurons impairment in rats. by Zhang Q1, Gao WY, Zhang Y, Chen BY, Chen Z, Zhang WS, Man SL.(PubMed)
(1373) Protective effect of extract of Astragalus on learning and memory impairments and neurons' apoptosis induced by glucocorticoids in 12-month-old male mice by Li WZ1, Li WP, Zhang W, Yin YY, Sun XX, Zhou SS, Xu XQ, Tao CR.(PubMed)
(1374) Protective effects of astragaloside IV against amyloid beta1-42 neurotoxicity by inhibiting the mitochondrial permeability transition pore opening by Sun Q1, Jia N1, Wang W1, Jin H1, Xu J1, Hu H1.(PubMed)
(1375)
(1376) Recent advances in herbal medicines treating Parkinson's disease. by Li XZ1, Zhang SN, Liu SM, Lu F.(PubMed)
(1377) Neuroprotective effects of Astragaloside IV in 6-hydroxydopamine-treated primary nigral cell culture. by Chan WS1, Durairajan SS, Lu JH, Wang Y, Xie LX, Kum WF, Koo I, Yung KK, Li M.(PubMed)
(1378) Astragaloside IV alleviates early brain injury following experimental subarachnoid hemorrhage in rats by Shao A1, Guo S2, Tu S3, Ammar AB1, Tang J1, Hong Y1, Wu H1, Zhang J1.(PubMed)
(1379) Amelioration of oxidative stress and protection against early brain injury by astaxanthin after experimental subarachnoid hemorrhage. byZhang XS1, Zhang X, Zhou ML, Zhou XM, Li N, Li W, Cong ZX, Sun Q, Zhuang Z, Wang CX, Shi JX.(PubMed)
(1380) Ethanol extract of Astragali Radix and Salviae Miltiorrhizae Radix, Myelophil, exerts anti-amnesic effect in a mouse model of scopolamine-induced memory deficits. by Lee JS1, Kim HG1, Han JM1, Kim DW2, Yi MH2, Son SW3, Kim YA1, Lee JS4, Choi MK1, Son CG5.(PubMed)
(1381) Myelophil attenuates brain oxidative damage by modulating the hypothalamus-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis in a chronic cold-stress mouse model by Kim HG1, Lee JS, Han JM, Lee JS, Choi MK, Son SW, Kim YK, Son CG.(PubMed)
Health article writer and researcher; Over 10.000 articles and research papers have been written and published on line, including world wide health, ezine articles, article base, healthblogs, selfgrowth, best before it's news, the karate GB daily, etc.,.
Named TOP 50 MEDICAL ESSAYS FOR ARTISTS & AUTHORS TO READ by Disilgold.com Named 50 of the best health Tweeters Canada - Huffington Post
Nominated for shorty award over last 4 years
Some articles have been used as references in medical research, such as international journal Pharma and Bio science, ISSN 0975-6299.
Dementia
Dementia is defined as neuro degeneration syndrome among elder, affecting memory, thinking, orientation, comprehension, calculation, learning capacity, language, and judgement over 47 millions
of worldwide population, mostly in the West. The evaluation of the syndrome by holistic medicine has been lacking, especially through conventional medicine research and studies.
TCM Treatment of Dementia due to aging depletion of Kidney Essence - Herbal Huang Qi(Astragalus)
Based on Chinese ancient medical records, causes of dementia are the results of (*)
4. Huang qi(Astragalus)
Huang qi, the slightly sweet herb, is also known as astragalus root used in traditional Chinese medicine as immune stimulant(1339)(1342)(1343), tonic(1339)(1344), antioxidant(1339)(1341), hepatoprotectant(1339)(1345)(1346), diuretic(1339), antidiabetic(1339)(1347)(1348), anticancer(1339)(1349)(1350)(1351), expectoran(1339)(1352) and antibiotics(1340) agents and to lessen proteinuria in chronic kidney diseases(1353)(1354), lower blood pressure(1355)(1356) and endothelial dysfunction(1356), improve endurance and protect liver against diseases(1357)(1358),... by enhancing the functions of lung and spleen channels(1359).
Phytochemicals
1. Astralagus menbranaceus
2. Astragaloside I
3. Astragaloside II
4. Daucosterol
5. Beta-sitosterol
6. Palmitic acid
7. Astragalus saponin A,B,C
8. Astramenbrangenin
9. Etc.
Huang qi(Astragalus root) used in the treatment of symptoms of dementia(1360)(1261))(1362)(1362), including Alzheimer's pathophysiology(1363) in traditional Chinese medicine, may be due to its effectiveness of phytochemical astragalosides (AST) and extracts(1365)(1363) in oxidative stress inhibition(1363) and anti progression associated to neuronal cell apoptosis(1363) through inhibiting acetylcholinesterase activity(1364), level glucocorticoids (GCs) and β-amyloid (Aβ) peptide deposition(1367) and decreasing the expression level of amyloid precursor protein (APP) in cerebral cortex and hippocampus(1365)(1366), ROS generation and neurotoxicity(1368)(1369).
4.1. In learning and memory
Polysaccharides (APS), isolated from Astragalus, in aging female SD rats model, according to the open-field test and the Morris water maze task, improved learning and memory functions of aged rats through up-regulation in the hippocampus neural protein expression(1370). In rats induced neurologic damage of hippocampus by electromagnetic field (EMF) acute or chronic irradiation, Chinese medicine diet (CMD) comprised ferulic acid, ginsenoside, astragalus polysaccharide and rhodiola sachalinensis, showed to protect the impaired learning and memory, the neuron apoptosis, through ameliorating superoxide dismutase (SOD), malondialdehyde (MDA), glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) and reactive oxygen species (ROS)(1371). In intermittent hypoxia-induced hippocampal neurons impairment rats, astragaloside IV, astragaloside II and astragaloside I, the main compounds inAstragalus extract inhibited the apoptosis of hippocampal neurons, decreased the expression of protein level involved imapair learning and memory(1372). According to Anhui Medical University, learning and memory impairments andneurons' apoptosis induced by glucocorticoids in 12-month-old male mice model, extract of Astragalus, improved learning and memory impairments andprevented neuronal cell apoptosis, through increased immunohistochemistry demonstration in hippocampus and neocortex and decreased activity of mitochondrial death pathway causes of neron cell death(1373).
4.2. In Alzheimer's and Parkinson disease
Mitochondrial dysfunction caused by amyloid β-peptide (Aβ) and stress-level glucocorticoids correlated with dementia progression have shown to associate to the pathogenesis of Alzheimer disease(1374)(1375). Astragaloside IV (AS-IV), one of the major active constituents of Astragalus and extract of Astragalus, prevented Aβ1-42-induced neuron cell apoptosis, and ROS generation(1374) and down regulate the protein level builds up as Alzheimer's disease progresses, involved degeneration of hippocampus (CA1, CA3) and neocortex(1375).
According to Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Astragalus, one of the herb used in traditional Chinese medicine for treatment neuro degenerative diseases showed to modulate multiple key events or signaling pathways implicated in the pathogenesis of PD(1376), probably through its phytochemical Astragaloside IV in promoted neurite outgrowth and increased immunoreactive of dopaminergic neurons caused by ROS(1377).
4.3. In neuroprotective effects
In experimental subarachnoid hemorrhage induced early brain injury rat model, Astragaloside IV, exerted its antioxidative and anti-apoptoticeffects(1378)(1379), against increased malondialdehyde (MDA) level, neuronal apoptosis and decreased activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px)(1378). Myelophil, a combination of extracts isolated from Astragali Radix and Salviae Miltiorrhizae Radix, in brain dysfunctions animal model, also exhibited its anti oxidative stress, ROS activity through attenuated total glutathione (GSH) content, and the activities of GSH-reductase, GSH-S-transferase via ameliorated protein and gene expression(1380) and inflammation and regulating stress hormones(1381).
Ovarian Cysts And PCOS Elimination
Holistic System In Existence That Will Show You How To
Permanently Eliminate All Types of Ovarian Cysts Within 2 Months
Pregnancy Miracle
Reverse Infertility And Get Pregnant Naturally
Using Holistic Ancient Chinese Medicine
References)
(1339) Review of the botanical characteristics, phytochemistry, and pharmacology of Astragalus membranaceus (Huangqi) by Fu J1, Wang Z, Huang L, Zheng S, Wang D, Chen S, Zhang H, Yang S.(PubMed)
(1340) Phenotypic characterization of Astragalus glycyphyllos symbionts and their phylogeny based on the 16S rDNA sequences and RFLP of 16S rRNA gene by Gnat S1, Wójcik M, Wdowiak-Wróbel S, Kalita M, Ptaszyńska A, Małek W.(PubMed)
(1341) Supplementation with Astragalus polysaccharides alters Aeromonas-induced tissue-specific cellular immune response by Abuelsaad AS1.(PubMed)
(1342) Astragalus polysaccharide attenuates lipopolysaccharide-induced inflammatory responses in microglial cells: regulation of protein kinase B and nuclear factor-κB signaling by Luo T1, Qin J, Liu M, Luo J, Ding F, Wang M, Zheng L.(PubMed)
(1343) Anti-inflammatory effects of Polygala tenuifolia root through inhibition of NF-κB activation in lipopolysaccharide-induced BV2 microglial cells by Cheong MH1, Lee SR, Yoo HS, Jeong JW, Kim GY, Kim WJ, Jung IC, Choi YH(PubMed)
(1344) Investigation of chemomarkers of astragali radix of different ages and geographical origin by NMR profiling by Zheng L1, Wang M2,3, Ibarra-Estrada E4, Wu C5, Wilson EG6, Verpoorte R7, Klinkhamer PG8, Choi YH9.(PubMed)
(1345) Astragalus and Paeoniae Radix Rubra extract (APE) inhibits hepatic stellate cell activation by modulating transforming growth factor-β/Smad pathway by Huang W1, Li L1, Tian X2, Yan J3, Yang X3, Wang X1, Liao G1, Qiu G4.(PubMed)
(1346) Polysaccharides from Angelica and Astragalus exert hepatoprotective effects against carbon-tetrachloride-induced intoxication in mice by Pu X1, Fan W, Yu S, Li Y, Ma X, Liu L, Ren J, Zhang W.(PubMed)
(1347) The critical role of Astragalus polysaccharides for the improvement of PPARα [ correction of PPRAα]-mediated lipotoxicity in diabetic cardiomyopathy by Chen W1, Xia Y, Zhao X, Wang H, Chen W, Yu M, Li Y, Ye H, Zhang Y.(PubMed)
(1348) Comparative evaluation of polysaccharides isolated from Astragalus, oyster mushroom, and yacon as inhibitors of α-glucosidase by Zhu ZY1, Zhang JY2, Chen LJ3, Liu XC2, Liu Y2, Wang WX2, Zhang YM4.(PubMed)
(1349) Comparative evaluation of polysaccharides isolated from Astragalus, oyster mushroom, and yacon as inhibitors of α-glucosidase by Zhu ZY1, Zhang JY2, Chen LJ3, Liu XC2, Liu Y2, Wang WX2, Zhang YM4.(PubMed)
(1350) Astragalus saponins downregulate vascular endothelial growth factor under cobalt chloride-stimulated hypoxia in colon cancer cells. by Law PC1, Auyeung KK, Chan LY, Ko JK.(PubMed)
(1351) Anticancer potential of rhamnocitrin 4'-β-D-galactopyranoside against N-diethylnitrosamine-induced hepatocellular carcinoma in rats by Saleem S1, Shaharyar MA, Khusroo MJ, Ahmad P, Rahman RU, Ahmad K, Alam MJ, Al-Harbi NO, Iqbal M, Imam F.(PubMed)
(1352) Investigation of chemomarkers of astragali radix of different ages and geographical origin by NMR profiling by Zheng L1, Wang M2,3, Ibarra-Estrada E4, Wu C5, Wilson EG6, Verpoorte R7, Klinkhamer PG8, Choi YH9.(PubMed)
(1353) [Therapeutic effect of Astragalus and Angelica mixture on the renal function and TCM syndrome factors in treating stage 3 and 4 chronic kidney disease patients].[Article in Chinese] by Li S, Yin XX, Su T, Cao C, Li X, Rao XR, Li X.(PubMed)
(1354) Astragalus (a traditional Chinese medicine) for treating chronic kidney disease. by Zhang HW1, Lin ZX, Xu C, Leung C, Chan LS.(PubMed)
(1355) Anti-hypertensive effects of shichimotsukokato in 5/6 nephrectomized Wistar rats mediated by the DDAH-ADMA-NO pathway by Bai F1, Makino T, Ono T, Mizukami H.(PubMed)
(1356) Astragaloside IV improves metabolic syndrome and endothelium dysfunction in fructose-fed rats. by Zhang N1, Wang XH, Mao SL, Zhao F.(PubMed)
(1357) The influence of astragalus polysaccharide and β-elemene on LX-2 cell growth, apoptosis and activation by Zheng J, Ma LT, Ren QY, Li L, Zhang Y, Shi HJ, Liu Y, Li CH, Dou YQ, Li SD, Zhang H, Yang MH.(PubMed)
(1358) Semen Astragali Complanati: an ethnopharmacological, phytochemical and pharmacological review by Ng YF1, Tang PC2, Sham TT2, Lam WS3, Mok DK4, Chan SW5.(PubMed)
(1359) Huang Qi(Complementary and Alternative Healing University)
(1360) [Advances in pharmacological study of natural active polysaccharides in China].[Article in Chinese] by Han G1, Duan Y.(PubMed)
(1361) [A review of pharmacological study on Astragalus membranaceus (Fisch.) Bge].[Article in Chinese] by Wu F1, Chen X.(PubMed)
(1362) [Memory-improving effect of aqueous extract of Astragalus membranaceus (Fisch.) Bge].[Article in Chinese] by Hong GX1, Qin WC, Huang LS.(PubMed)
(1363) Protective effect of extract of Astragalus on learning and memory impairments and neurons' apoptosis induced by glucocorticoids in 12-month-old male mice by Li WZ1, Li WP, Zhang W, Yin YY, Sun XX, Zhou SS, Xu XQ, Tao CR.(PubMed)
(1364) [Effect of improving memory and inhibiting acetylcholinesterase activity by invigorating-qi and warming-yang recipe].[Article in Chinese] by Liu ZY1, Yang YG, Zheng B.(PubMed)
(1365) [Study on preventative and curative effects of astragaloside (AST) on mice memory impairment and expression of amyloid precursor protein and beta secretase mRNA induced by dexamethasone].[Article in Chinese] by Zhang W1, Li W, Li W, Sun X, Zhou S, Xu X.(PubMed)
(1366) [Effects of astragalosides on PC12 cells injury and APP expression induced by dexamethasone and Abeta(25-35)].[Article in Chinese] by Huang RR, Li WZ, Li WP.(PubMed)
(1367) Protective effects of astragalosides on dexamethasone and Aβ25-35 induced learning and memory impairments due to decrease amyloid precursor protein expression in 12-month male rats. by Li WZ1, Wu WY, Huang DK, Yin YY, Kan HW, Wang X, Yao YY, Li WP.(PubMed)
(1368) Protective effects of astragaloside IV against amyloid beta1-42 neurotoxicity by inhibiting the mitochondrial permeability transition pore opening. by Sun Q1, Jia N1, Wang W1, Jin H1, Xu J1, Hu H1.(PubMed)
(1369)Astragaloside IV Alleviates Early Brain Injury Following Experimental Subarachnoid Hemorrhage in Rat by Anwen Shao1, Songxue Guo2, Sheng Tu3, Al-baadani Ammar1, Junjia Tang1, Yuan Hong1, Haijian Wu1, Jianmin Zhang1 (International journal medical science)
(1370) [Study on effect of astragali radix polysaccharides in improving learning and memory functions in aged rats and its mechanism].[Article in Chinese] by Yao H, Gu LJ, Guo JY(PubMed)
(1371) [The Chinese medicine nutrient diet intervention prevent against the neurologic damage induce by EMF irradiation in rat hippocampus].[Article in Chinese] by Gong QF1, Yang XS, Tu L, Zhang GB, Yu ZP.(PubMed)
(1372) Protective effects of astragalus extract against intermittent hypoxia-induced hippocampal neurons impairment in rats. by Zhang Q1, Gao WY, Zhang Y, Chen BY, Chen Z, Zhang WS, Man SL.(PubMed)
(1373) Protective effect of extract of Astragalus on learning and memory impairments and neurons' apoptosis induced by glucocorticoids in 12-month-old male mice by Li WZ1, Li WP, Zhang W, Yin YY, Sun XX, Zhou SS, Xu XQ, Tao CR.(PubMed)
(1374) Protective effects of astragaloside IV against amyloid beta1-42 neurotoxicity by inhibiting the mitochondrial permeability transition pore opening by Sun Q1, Jia N1, Wang W1, Jin H1, Xu J1, Hu H1.(PubMed)
(1375)
(1376) Recent advances in herbal medicines treating Parkinson's disease. by Li XZ1, Zhang SN, Liu SM, Lu F.(PubMed)
(1377) Neuroprotective effects of Astragaloside IV in 6-hydroxydopamine-treated primary nigral cell culture. by Chan WS1, Durairajan SS, Lu JH, Wang Y, Xie LX, Kum WF, Koo I, Yung KK, Li M.(PubMed)
(1378) Astragaloside IV alleviates early brain injury following experimental subarachnoid hemorrhage in rats by Shao A1, Guo S2, Tu S3, Ammar AB1, Tang J1, Hong Y1, Wu H1, Zhang J1.(PubMed)
(1379) Amelioration of oxidative stress and protection against early brain injury by astaxanthin after experimental subarachnoid hemorrhage. byZhang XS1, Zhang X, Zhou ML, Zhou XM, Li N, Li W, Cong ZX, Sun Q, Zhuang Z, Wang CX, Shi JX.(PubMed)
(1380) Ethanol extract of Astragali Radix and Salviae Miltiorrhizae Radix, Myelophil, exerts anti-amnesic effect in a mouse model of scopolamine-induced memory deficits. by Lee JS1, Kim HG1, Han JM1, Kim DW2, Yi MH2, Son SW3, Kim YA1, Lee JS4, Choi MK1, Son CG5.(PubMed)
(1381) Myelophil attenuates brain oxidative damage by modulating the hypothalamus-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis in a chronic cold-stress mouse model by Kim HG1, Lee JS, Han JM, Lee JS, Choi MK, Son SW, Kim YK, Son CG.(PubMed)
Saturday, 25 February 2017
The holistic Prevention, Management and Treatment of Dementia due to aging depletion of Kidney Essence - TCM Herbal Du Zhong(Eucommia Bark)
Kyle J. Norton (Scholar)
Health article writer and researcher; Over 10.000 articles and research papers have been written and published on line, including world wide health, ezine articles, article base, healthblogs, selfgrowth, best before it's news, the karate GB daily, etc.,.
Named TOP 50 MEDICAL ESSAYS FOR ARTISTS & AUTHORS TO READ by Disilgold.com Named 50 of the best health Tweeters Canada - Huffington Post
Nominated for shorty award over last 4 years
Some articles have been used as references in medical research, such as international journal Pharma and Bio science, ISSN 0975-6299.
Dementia
Dementia is defined as neuro degeneration syndrome among elder, affecting memory, thinking, orientation, comprehension, calculation, learning capacity, language, and judgement over 47 millions
of worldwide population, mostly in the West. The evaluation of the syndrome by holistic medicine has been lacking, especially through conventional medicine research and studies.
TCM Treatment of Dementia due to aging depletion of Kidney Essence - Herbal Du Zhong(Eucommia Bark)
Based on Chinese ancient medical records, causes of dementia are the results of (*)
3. Du Zhong(Eucommia bark)
Du Zhong, the sweet, slightly acrid, and warm, is also known as eucommia bark, used in traditional Chinese medicine as anti stress(1325)(1326), anti diuretic(1336), anti inflammatory(1327)(1328), anti infectious(1329), sedative and anesthesia and anti-aging(1336) agents and to treat hypertension(1330)(1331), chronic pain in lower back and knees(1332)(1336), lack of strength, dizziness, impotence(1337), irregular menses and frequent urination(1336) and protect against unstable pregnancy(1336),.... by enhancing the functions of liver and kidney channels(1333).
Phytochemicals
1. Eucommiol
2. Eucommioside
3. Eucommioside-I
4. Cpmoferom
5. Dehydrodiconife4ryl alcohol-4
6. Gamma'-di-O0betta-D-glucopyranoside
7. Liriodendrin
8. (+) -syringaresinol-di-O-Beta-D-glucopyranoside
9. (+)-syringa resinol O-Beta-D-glucopyranoside
10. (+)-syringaresinol monoglucoside
11. syringin
12. Etc.
1. In learning and memory
In scopolamine-induced learning and memory impairments by a single intracerebroventricular (i.c.v.) injection of Aβ(25-35) mice models, oral administration of aqueous extract of Eucommia bark or the whole herb significantly reversed learning and memory deficits, through inhibition of acetylcholinesterase (AChE)(1335) and thiobarbituric acid reactive substance (TBARS) activities in the hippocampus and frontal cortex in a dose-dependent manner(1334)(1335).
2. In Alzheimer's disease (AD)
In hydrogen peroxide (H(2)O(2))-induced neuronal cell death in human SH-SY5Y neuroblastoma cells, eucommia ulmoides Oliv. Bark. (EUE), increased cell viability and inhibited cytotoxicity and DNA condensation, through attenuated the increase in ROS production and MMP involved increased risk of dementia reduction(1337).
3. In neuroprotective effects
In PC-12 cells injury mediated by Aβ(25-35) eucommia ulmoides Oliv. (EUO)bark and leaf's phytochemicals, geniposidic acid and chlorogenic acid, significantly protected PC-12 cells against the cytotoxicity(1338). In amyloid beta(25-35) (Aβ(25-35))-induced learning and memory impairments mice model, the herb laso exhibited neuroprotective effects through inhibition of acetylcholinesterase (AChE) activity in the hippocampus and frontal cortex(1235).
Ovarian Cysts And PCOS Elimination
Holistic System In Existence That Will Show You How To
Permanently Eliminate All Types of Ovarian Cysts Within 2 Months
Pregnancy Miracle
Reverse Infertility And Get Pregnant Naturally
Using Holistic Ancient Chinese Medicine
References
(1325) Eucommia ulmoides Oliv. bark. attenuates 6-hydroxydopamine-induced neuronal cell death through inhibition of oxidative stress in SH-SY5Y cells by Kwon SH1, Ma SX1, Hong SI1, Kim SY2, Lee SY1, Jang CG3.(PubMed)
(1326) Constituents and pharmacological effects of Eucommia and Siberian ginseng by Deyama T1, Nishibe S, Nakazawa Y.(PubMed)
(1327) Elucidation of anti-inflammatory potencies of Eucommia ulmoides bark and Plantago asiatica seeds by Kim BH1, Park KS, Chang IM.(PubMed)
(1328) Eucommia ulmoides Oliv. bark aqueous extract inhibits osteoarthritis in a rat model of osteoarthritis by Xie GP1, Jiang N2, Wang SN3, Qi RZ4, Wang L5, Zhao PR6, Liang L7, Yu B8.(PubMed)
(1329) Eucommia ulmoides Oliv.: ethnopharmacology, phytochemistry and pharmacology of an important traditional Chinese medicine by He X1, Wang J2, Li M3, Hao D1, Yang Y4, Zhang C1, He R1, Tao R5.(PubMed)
(1330) A clinical trial testing the safety and efficacy of a standardized Eucommia ulmoides Oliver bark extract to treat hypertension by Greenway F1, Liu Z, Yu Y, Gupta A.(PubMed)
(1331) Antihypertensive effect of Eucommia ulmoides Oliv. extracts in spontaneously hypertensive rats by Luo LF1, Wu WH, Zhou YJ, Yan J, Yang GP, Ouyang DS.(PubMed)
(1332) Eucommia bark pain (PubMed)
(1333) Du Zhong(Complementary and Alternative Healing University)
(1334) Inhibitory Effects of Eucommia ulmoides Oliv. Bark on Scopolamine-Induced Learning and Memory Deficits in Mice. by Kwon SH1, Ma SX1, Joo HJ1, Lee SY1, Jang CG1.(PubMed)
(1335) Neuroprotective effects of Eucommia ulmoides Oliv. Bark on amyloid beta(25-35)-induced learning and memory impairments in mice by Kwon SH1, Lee HK, Kim JA, Hong SI, Kim SY, Jo TH, Park YI, Lee CK, Kim YB, Lee SY, Jang CG.(PubMed)
(1336) Eucommia ulmoides Oliv. Bark. protects against hydrogen peroxide-induced neuronal cell death in SH-SY5Y cells by Kwon SH1, Kim MJ, Ma SX, You IJ, Hwang JY, Oh JH, Kim SY, Kim HC, Lee SY, Jang CG.(PubMed)
(1337) Eucommia ulmoides Oliv.: ethnopharmacology, phytochemistry and pharmacology of an important traditional Chinese medicine by He X1, Wang J2, Li M3, Hao D1, Yang Y4, Zhang C1, He R1, Tao R5.(PubMed)
(1338) Protective effects of Eucommia ulmoides Oliv. bark and leaf on amyloid β-induced cytotoxicity by Zhou Y1, Liang M, Li W, Li K, Li P, Hu Y, Yang Z.(PubMed)
Health article writer and researcher; Over 10.000 articles and research papers have been written and published on line, including world wide health, ezine articles, article base, healthblogs, selfgrowth, best before it's news, the karate GB daily, etc.,.
Named TOP 50 MEDICAL ESSAYS FOR ARTISTS & AUTHORS TO READ by Disilgold.com Named 50 of the best health Tweeters Canada - Huffington Post
Nominated for shorty award over last 4 years
Some articles have been used as references in medical research, such as international journal Pharma and Bio science, ISSN 0975-6299.
Dementia
Dementia is defined as neuro degeneration syndrome among elder, affecting memory, thinking, orientation, comprehension, calculation, learning capacity, language, and judgement over 47 millions
of worldwide population, mostly in the West. The evaluation of the syndrome by holistic medicine has been lacking, especially through conventional medicine research and studies.
TCM Treatment of Dementia due to aging depletion of Kidney Essence - Herbal Du Zhong(Eucommia Bark)
Based on Chinese ancient medical records, causes of dementia are the results of (*)
3. Du Zhong(Eucommia bark)
Du Zhong, the sweet, slightly acrid, and warm, is also known as eucommia bark, used in traditional Chinese medicine as anti stress(1325)(1326), anti diuretic(1336), anti inflammatory(1327)(1328), anti infectious(1329), sedative and anesthesia and anti-aging(1336) agents and to treat hypertension(1330)(1331), chronic pain in lower back and knees(1332)(1336), lack of strength, dizziness, impotence(1337), irregular menses and frequent urination(1336) and protect against unstable pregnancy(1336),.... by enhancing the functions of liver and kidney channels(1333).
Phytochemicals
1. Eucommiol
2. Eucommioside
3. Eucommioside-I
4. Cpmoferom
5. Dehydrodiconife4ryl alcohol-4
6. Gamma'-di-O0betta-D-glucopyranoside
7. Liriodendrin
8. (+) -syringaresinol-di-O-Beta-D-glucopyranoside
9. (+)-syringa resinol O-Beta-D-glucopyranoside
10. (+)-syringaresinol monoglucoside
11. syringin
12. Etc.
1. In learning and memory
In scopolamine-induced learning and memory impairments by a single intracerebroventricular (i.c.v.) injection of Aβ(25-35) mice models, oral administration of aqueous extract of Eucommia bark or the whole herb significantly reversed learning and memory deficits, through inhibition of acetylcholinesterase (AChE)(1335) and thiobarbituric acid reactive substance (TBARS) activities in the hippocampus and frontal cortex in a dose-dependent manner(1334)(1335).
2. In Alzheimer's disease (AD)
In hydrogen peroxide (H(2)O(2))-induced neuronal cell death in human SH-SY5Y neuroblastoma cells, eucommia ulmoides Oliv. Bark. (EUE), increased cell viability and inhibited cytotoxicity and DNA condensation, through attenuated the increase in ROS production and MMP involved increased risk of dementia reduction(1337).
3. In neuroprotective effects
In PC-12 cells injury mediated by Aβ(25-35) eucommia ulmoides Oliv. (EUO)bark and leaf's phytochemicals, geniposidic acid and chlorogenic acid, significantly protected PC-12 cells against the cytotoxicity(1338). In amyloid beta(25-35) (Aβ(25-35))-induced learning and memory impairments mice model, the herb laso exhibited neuroprotective effects through inhibition of acetylcholinesterase (AChE) activity in the hippocampus and frontal cortex(1235).
Ovarian Cysts And PCOS Elimination
Holistic System In Existence That Will Show You How To
Permanently Eliminate All Types of Ovarian Cysts Within 2 Months
Pregnancy Miracle
Reverse Infertility And Get Pregnant Naturally
Using Holistic Ancient Chinese Medicine
References
(1325) Eucommia ulmoides Oliv. bark. attenuates 6-hydroxydopamine-induced neuronal cell death through inhibition of oxidative stress in SH-SY5Y cells by Kwon SH1, Ma SX1, Hong SI1, Kim SY2, Lee SY1, Jang CG3.(PubMed)
(1326) Constituents and pharmacological effects of Eucommia and Siberian ginseng by Deyama T1, Nishibe S, Nakazawa Y.(PubMed)
(1327) Elucidation of anti-inflammatory potencies of Eucommia ulmoides bark and Plantago asiatica seeds by Kim BH1, Park KS, Chang IM.(PubMed)
(1328) Eucommia ulmoides Oliv. bark aqueous extract inhibits osteoarthritis in a rat model of osteoarthritis by Xie GP1, Jiang N2, Wang SN3, Qi RZ4, Wang L5, Zhao PR6, Liang L7, Yu B8.(PubMed)
(1329) Eucommia ulmoides Oliv.: ethnopharmacology, phytochemistry and pharmacology of an important traditional Chinese medicine by He X1, Wang J2, Li M3, Hao D1, Yang Y4, Zhang C1, He R1, Tao R5.(PubMed)
(1330) A clinical trial testing the safety and efficacy of a standardized Eucommia ulmoides Oliver bark extract to treat hypertension by Greenway F1, Liu Z, Yu Y, Gupta A.(PubMed)
(1331) Antihypertensive effect of Eucommia ulmoides Oliv. extracts in spontaneously hypertensive rats by Luo LF1, Wu WH, Zhou YJ, Yan J, Yang GP, Ouyang DS.(PubMed)
(1332) Eucommia bark pain (PubMed)
(1333) Du Zhong(Complementary and Alternative Healing University)
(1334) Inhibitory Effects of Eucommia ulmoides Oliv. Bark on Scopolamine-Induced Learning and Memory Deficits in Mice. by Kwon SH1, Ma SX1, Joo HJ1, Lee SY1, Jang CG1.(PubMed)
(1335) Neuroprotective effects of Eucommia ulmoides Oliv. Bark on amyloid beta(25-35)-induced learning and memory impairments in mice by Kwon SH1, Lee HK, Kim JA, Hong SI, Kim SY, Jo TH, Park YI, Lee CK, Kim YB, Lee SY, Jang CG.(PubMed)
(1336) Eucommia ulmoides Oliv. Bark. protects against hydrogen peroxide-induced neuronal cell death in SH-SY5Y cells by Kwon SH1, Kim MJ, Ma SX, You IJ, Hwang JY, Oh JH, Kim SY, Kim HC, Lee SY, Jang CG.(PubMed)
(1337) Eucommia ulmoides Oliv.: ethnopharmacology, phytochemistry and pharmacology of an important traditional Chinese medicine by He X1, Wang J2, Li M3, Hao D1, Yang Y4, Zhang C1, He R1, Tao R5.(PubMed)
(1338) Protective effects of Eucommia ulmoides Oliv. bark and leaf on amyloid β-induced cytotoxicity by Zhou Y1, Liang M, Li W, Li K, Li P, Hu Y, Yang Z.(PubMed)
Friday, 24 February 2017
The holistic Prevention, Management and Treatment of Dementia due to aging depletion of Kidney Essence -TCM Herbal Shi Hu(Dendrobium)
Kyle J. Norton (Scholar)
Health article writer and researcher; Over 10.000 articles and research papers have been written and published on line, including world wide health, ezine articles, article base, healthblogs, selfgrowth, best before it's news, the karate GB daily, etc.,.
Named TOP 50 MEDICAL ESSAYS FOR ARTISTS & AUTHORS TO READ by Disilgold.com Named 50 of the best health Tweeters Canada - Huffington Post
Nominated for shorty award over last 4 years
Some articles have been used as references in medical research, such as international journal Pharma and Bio science, ISSN 0975-6299.
Dementia
Dementia is defined as neuro degeneration syndrome among elder, affecting memory, thinking, orientation, comprehension, calculation, learning capacity, language, and judgement over 47 millions
of worldwide population, mostly in the West. The evaluation of the syndrome by holistic medicine has been lacking, especially through conventional medicine research and studies.
TCM Treatment of Dementia due to aging depletion of Kidney Essence - Herbal Shi Hu(Dendrobium)
Based on Chinese ancient medical records, causes of dementia are the results of (*)
2. Shi Hu(Dendrobium)
The sweet, bland, slightly cold herb, is also known as Dendrobiu, used in traditional Chinese medicine as anti diabetic(1315)(1316), anti-hyperglycemic((1317)(1318))and anti microbial(1319)(1320) agents caused by yin deficiency and to treat thirsty(1315)(1316), thromboangitis obliterans, chronic throat infection, blurry vision(1321)(1322), weak lower back,... by enhancing the lung, stomach channels(1323).
Phytochemicals
1. Ophiopogonin
2. Ruscogenin
3. β-sitosterol β
4. Stigmasterol
5. Dendrobine
6. Nobilonine
7. 6-hydroxydendrobine
8. Etc.
According to Zunyi Medical College, alkaloids enriched extract fromDendrobium Nobile Lindl. (EDNLA), inhibited paired helical filaments of hyperphosphorylation of tau protein, in neurofibrillary tangles, a pathological feature of Alzheimer's disease (AD)(1324). In rat model administrated intragastrically with different doses of DNLA (20, 40 mg/kg), attenuated lipopolysaccharide (LPS, 100 μg) injecting into the bilateral ventricle, induced hyperphosphorylation of tau protein in hippocampus and protected against LPS-induced apoptosis in brain(1325).
Ovarian Cysts And PCOS Elimination
Holistic System In Existence That Will Show You How To
Permanently Eliminate All Types of Ovarian Cysts Within 2 Months
Pregnancy Miracle
Reverse Infertility And Get Pregnant Naturally
Using Holistic Ancient Chinese Medicine
References
(1311) Qigong for Wellbeing in Dementia and Aging by Stephen Rath
(1312) Chinese Medical Psychiatry: A Textbook & Clinical Manual : Including ... By Bob Flaws, James Lake
(1315) Dendrobium chrysotoxum Lindl. alleviates diabetic retinopathy by preventing retinal inflammation and tight junction protein decrease by Yu Z1, Gong C1, Lu B1, Yang L1, Sheng Y2, Ji L1, Wang Z1.(PubMed)
(1316) Ethanol extract of Dendrobium chrysotoxum Lindl ameliorates diabetic retinopathy and its mechanism. by Gong CY1, Yu ZY1, Lu B1, Yang L1, Sheng YC2, Fan YM1, Ji LL3, Wang ZT1.(PubMed)
(1317) [Studies on anti-hyperglycemic effect and its mechanism of Dendrobium candidum].[Article in Chinese] by Wu HS1, Xu JH, Chen LZ, Sun JJ.(PubMed)
(1318) [Studies on anti-hyperglycemic effect and its mechanism of Clinopodium chinense].[Article in Chinese] by Tian DN1, Wu FH, Ma SC, Li D, Dai Y.(PubMed)
(1319) Antimicrobial activity of endophytic fungi isolated from Dendrobium species in southwestern China by Cui J1, Wang Y, Xing Y, Guo S, Xiao P, Wang M.(PubMed)
(1320) Antimicrobial activity and biodiversity of endophytic fungi in Dendrobium devonianum and Dendrobium thyrsiflorum from Vietnam by Xing YM1, Chen J, Cui JL, Chen XM, Guo SX.(PubMed)
(1321) [Experimental study on preclinical quality control, urgent poison and irritation of Dendrobium aurantiacum eye drops, a class I new drug against diabetic cataract].[Article in Chinese] by Yi YQ1, Yang QH, Su JF, Chen J, Qi H, Chen D, Wei XY.(PubMed)
(1322) [Observation on therapeutic effect of runmushu oral liquid in treating xerophthalmia in postmenopausal women].[Article in Chinese] by Wei D1, Li YH, Zhou WY.(PubMed)
(1323)Shi hu(Complementary and Alternative Healing University)
(1324) Alkaloids enriched extract from Dendrobium nobile Lindl. attenuates tau protein hyperphosphorylation and apoptosis induced by lipopolysaccharide in rat brain by Yang S1, Gong Q1, Wu Q1, Li F1, Lu Y1, Shi J2.(PubMed)
(1325) Eucommia ulmoides Oliv. bark. attenuates 6-hydroxydopamine-induced neuronal cell death through inhibition of oxidative stress in SH-SY5Y cells by Kwon SH1, Ma SX1, Hong SI1, Kim SY2, Lee SY1, Jang CG3.(PubMed)
Health article writer and researcher; Over 10.000 articles and research papers have been written and published on line, including world wide health, ezine articles, article base, healthblogs, selfgrowth, best before it's news, the karate GB daily, etc.,.
Named TOP 50 MEDICAL ESSAYS FOR ARTISTS & AUTHORS TO READ by Disilgold.com Named 50 of the best health Tweeters Canada - Huffington Post
Nominated for shorty award over last 4 years
Some articles have been used as references in medical research, such as international journal Pharma and Bio science, ISSN 0975-6299.
Dementia
Dementia is defined as neuro degeneration syndrome among elder, affecting memory, thinking, orientation, comprehension, calculation, learning capacity, language, and judgement over 47 millions
of worldwide population, mostly in the West. The evaluation of the syndrome by holistic medicine has been lacking, especially through conventional medicine research and studies.
TCM Treatment of Dementia due to aging depletion of Kidney Essence - Herbal Shi Hu(Dendrobium)
Based on Chinese ancient medical records, causes of dementia are the results of (*)
2. Shi Hu(Dendrobium)
The sweet, bland, slightly cold herb, is also known as Dendrobiu, used in traditional Chinese medicine as anti diabetic(1315)(1316), anti-hyperglycemic((1317)(1318))and anti microbial(1319)(1320) agents caused by yin deficiency and to treat thirsty(1315)(1316), thromboangitis obliterans, chronic throat infection, blurry vision(1321)(1322), weak lower back,... by enhancing the lung, stomach channels(1323).
Phytochemicals
1. Ophiopogonin
2. Ruscogenin
3. β-sitosterol β
4. Stigmasterol
5. Dendrobine
6. Nobilonine
7. 6-hydroxydendrobine
8. Etc.
According to Zunyi Medical College, alkaloids enriched extract fromDendrobium Nobile Lindl. (EDNLA), inhibited paired helical filaments of hyperphosphorylation of tau protein, in neurofibrillary tangles, a pathological feature of Alzheimer's disease (AD)(1324). In rat model administrated intragastrically with different doses of DNLA (20, 40 mg/kg), attenuated lipopolysaccharide (LPS, 100 μg) injecting into the bilateral ventricle, induced hyperphosphorylation of tau protein in hippocampus and protected against LPS-induced apoptosis in brain(1325).
Ovarian Cysts And PCOS Elimination
Holistic System In Existence That Will Show You How To
Permanently Eliminate All Types of Ovarian Cysts Within 2 Months
Pregnancy Miracle
Reverse Infertility And Get Pregnant Naturally
Using Holistic Ancient Chinese Medicine
References
(1311) Qigong for Wellbeing in Dementia and Aging by Stephen Rath
(1312) Chinese Medical Psychiatry: A Textbook & Clinical Manual : Including ... By Bob Flaws, James Lake
(1315) Dendrobium chrysotoxum Lindl. alleviates diabetic retinopathy by preventing retinal inflammation and tight junction protein decrease by Yu Z1, Gong C1, Lu B1, Yang L1, Sheng Y2, Ji L1, Wang Z1.(PubMed)
(1316) Ethanol extract of Dendrobium chrysotoxum Lindl ameliorates diabetic retinopathy and its mechanism. by Gong CY1, Yu ZY1, Lu B1, Yang L1, Sheng YC2, Fan YM1, Ji LL3, Wang ZT1.(PubMed)
(1317) [Studies on anti-hyperglycemic effect and its mechanism of Dendrobium candidum].[Article in Chinese] by Wu HS1, Xu JH, Chen LZ, Sun JJ.(PubMed)
(1318) [Studies on anti-hyperglycemic effect and its mechanism of Clinopodium chinense].[Article in Chinese] by Tian DN1, Wu FH, Ma SC, Li D, Dai Y.(PubMed)
(1319) Antimicrobial activity of endophytic fungi isolated from Dendrobium species in southwestern China by Cui J1, Wang Y, Xing Y, Guo S, Xiao P, Wang M.(PubMed)
(1320) Antimicrobial activity and biodiversity of endophytic fungi in Dendrobium devonianum and Dendrobium thyrsiflorum from Vietnam by Xing YM1, Chen J, Cui JL, Chen XM, Guo SX.(PubMed)
(1321) [Experimental study on preclinical quality control, urgent poison and irritation of Dendrobium aurantiacum eye drops, a class I new drug against diabetic cataract].[Article in Chinese] by Yi YQ1, Yang QH, Su JF, Chen J, Qi H, Chen D, Wei XY.(PubMed)
(1322) [Observation on therapeutic effect of runmushu oral liquid in treating xerophthalmia in postmenopausal women].[Article in Chinese] by Wei D1, Li YH, Zhou WY.(PubMed)
(1323)Shi hu(Complementary and Alternative Healing University)
(1324) Alkaloids enriched extract from Dendrobium nobile Lindl. attenuates tau protein hyperphosphorylation and apoptosis induced by lipopolysaccharide in rat brain by Yang S1, Gong Q1, Wu Q1, Li F1, Lu Y1, Shi J2.(PubMed)
(1325) Eucommia ulmoides Oliv. bark. attenuates 6-hydroxydopamine-induced neuronal cell death through inhibition of oxidative stress in SH-SY5Y cells by Kwon SH1, Ma SX1, Hong SI1, Kim SY2, Lee SY1, Jang CG3.(PubMed)
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