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By Kyle J. Norton Health article writer and researcher; Over 10.000
articles and research papers have been written and published on line,
including world wide health, ezine articles, article base, healthblogs,
selfgrowth, best before it's news, the karate GB daily, etc.,.
Named TOP 50 MEDICAL ESSAYS FOR ARTISTS & AUTHORS TO READ by
Disilgold.com Named 50 of the best health Tweeters Canada - Huffington
Post
Nominated for shorty award over last 4 years
Some articles have been used as references in medical research, such as
international journal Pharma and Bio science, ISSN 0975-6299.
Diseases of Central Nervous system
Dementia
About 5-8% of all people over the age of 65 have some form of dementia,
and this number doubles every five years above that age. Dementia is the
loss of mental ability, severe enough to interfere with people's every
life and Alzheimer's disease is the most common type of dementia in
aging people.
V. Treatments
C. In traditional Chinese Medicine Perspective(*)
Based on Chinese ancient medical records. causes of dementia are the results of (*)
C.5. According to TCM philosophy, dementia is also to be
induced by the combination/or of Kidney essence vacuity and toxin (turbid phlegm).
C.5.1. Dementia due to toxins accumulation
Toxins
accumulation in internal organs disturbed the balance of
immunity(1213)(1214) may cause impairment of food intake
regulation(1215), exhibition of phlegm(1208)(1208)(1210), retention of
fluid(1211)(1212) and blood statsis(1209) induced early the onset of
dementia, in aging population with depletion of
kidney-essence(1208)(1209), according to traditional Chinese medicine.
Herbal Medicine for toxins elimination
Chinese Herbal medicine for toxins elimination
1. Shui Fei Zi or Milk thistle (Silybum marianum)
Shui fei zi, the bitter and cold is also known as milk thistle, native to Western Europe and northern Africa, used in traditional Chinese medicine to improve liver function(1193)(1194)(1210), promote the flow of breast milk(1207), bile secretion(1200),
anti depression(1201) and anti tumors(1196)(1197)(1198), inhibit
allergic effects(1195)(1199), treat hepatitis C(1202)(1203),
cirrhosis(1205) and liver fibrosis(1206), by enhancing function of liver and gallbladder channels(1204)
Phytochemicals
1. Flavonoid
2. fumaric acid
3. Silymarin
4. isosilybin,
5. dehydrosilybin,
6. silydianin and
7. silychristin. It also contains
8. cinnamic acid,
9. myristic acid,
10. palmitelaidic acid,
10. arachidic acid. ,
11. palmitelaidic acid,
13. Etc.
Shui Fei Zi or Milk thistle used in the treatment and prevention of dementia(1218)
in traditional Chinese medicine, may be due to its effectiveness of
phytochemicals Silymarin and Silibinin
in ameliorated amyloid pathology(1216) and oxidative stress(1216)(1217) through attenuated levels of lipid peroxidation (malondialdehyde) and antioxidant (glutathione) in the hippocampus(1217).
1.1. In Alzheimer's disease
Alzheimer disease
(AD). a neurodegenerative disorders is the most prevalent diseases in
the United States, in aging population(1219). Silymarin, a phytochemical
found abundantly in milk thistle, in age related disorders like
neurodegenerative diseases improved locomotion rate, higher response to
stimuli and tolerance to stress, in C.elegans
Alzheimer's Model, through delayed paralysis via enhanced resistance to oxidative stress(1220). In rat induced
Alzheimer's disease
model, the phytochemical also inhibited amyloid formation(1222) and
suppressed amyloid protein precursor (APP) expression(1222)and reduced
neurotoxicity in PC12 cells(1222) in improvement memory(1223) and
learning function(1221).
1.2. In Parkinson disease
In a mouse model of
Parkinson's
disease, causes
od mitochondrial dysfunction and the selective cell death of
dopaminergic neurons, silibinin, derivative of silymarin, protected
mitochondria through attenuated motor deficit and dopaminergic neuronal
loss(1224) and anti oxidative and anti inflammatory pathways(1225).
1.3. In neuroprotective effects
In focal cerebral ischemia, silymarin (SM), a mixture of flavonolignans extracted from the
milk thistle exerted it neuroprotective effects, in
upregulating the antioxidant status and lowering the apoptotic response
in slowing down the progression of neurodegeneration(1226) and
preventing inflammation-related neurodegenerative disease(1227) and ROS
causing oxidative damage to macromolecules in the brain(1230).
1.4. In cognitive impairment
In cognitive deficit mice model, silibinin exhibited its anti cognitive impairment effects through amelioration
of decreases in dopamine and serotonin levels in the prefrontal cortex
and hippocampus, (1228)
. In amyloid
beta peptide-induced memory impairment, the chemicals also improve
cognitive memory deficits through attenuated the Abeta(25-35)-
accumulation of malondialdehyde and depletion of glutathione in the
hippocampus(1229).
2. Xiu Hui Xiang (Fennel)
Xiu Hui Xiang, the acrid and warm herb, is also known as fennel, native to Mediterranean, used in traditional Chinese medicine as anti microbal(1232)(1233), antioxidant(1234)(1235) and emmenagogue(1236) and estrogenic(1244) and androgenic(1245) agents and to prevent bone loss in postmenopausal osteoporosis(1237)(1238), treat hepatic fibrosis(1239), gastro intestine disorder(1240)(1241), decrease hair thickness(1243) and increase flow of breast milk(1242) by enhancing function of liver, kidney, spleen, stomach channels(1231).
Phytoshemicals
1. Linoleic acid
2. Palmitic acid
3. Arachidic acid
4. Behenic acid
5. Quercetin
6. Phytosteryl b-fructofuranoside
7. 7-hydroxycoumarin
8. 6,7-dihydroxycoumarin
9. Oleanolic acid
10. Sitosterol
11. Fenchone
12. α-pinene
13. Limonene
14. β-Pinene
15. β-Myrcene
16. α-Phellandrene
17. P-Cymol
18. Etc.
Xiu Hui Xiang (Fennel) used in the treatment of symptoms of neurodegenerative disorder, including age-related mental problems of Alzheimer's disease(1246))
in traditional Chinese medicine, may be due to its effectiveness of
phytochemicals in acetylcholinesterase inhibition(1246) and anti inflammation(1247) through suppression
of the nuclear factor-kappaB activation pathway(1247) involved stress,
cell signaling, free radicals, oxidized
LDL,activities(1248)(1249)(1250)(1251).
2.1. In anxiolytic activity
Anxiety is a condition of neurodisorder of unpleasant state of inner turmoil with fear of the presence and future, according to
Diagnostic
and Statistical Manual of Mental DisordersAmerican Psychiatric
Association, effecting patients with dementia, including familial
Alzheimer's disease(1252) and other neuropsychiatric disorders(1254).
Fennel, a medical herb used in many cultures, have shown effectively in
treating anxiety, epidemiologically. In adult Swiss albino male mice,
oral administration 100 and 200 mg/kg doses of fennel essential oil
significantly increased percent number of entries and time spent in open
arms in elevated plus maze (EPM) test(1255).
2.2. In learning and memory
Fennels, the most widely used herbal plant in the world(1256) used in traditional Iranian medicine and modern phytotherapy for
memory
enhancing(1257). In Alzheimer's disease, induced a decline of
cognitive abilities in mice model, fennel extract successfully
ameliorated the amnesic effect of scopolamine (0.4 mg/kg) and aging-
induced
memory deficits in 8 days in dose-depend maner, through increased step-down latency and acetylcholinesterase inhibition(1258).
3. Da Suan(Garlic)
Da
suan, the acrid, warm herb, is also known as garlic, native all over
the world, used in traditional Chinese medicine as
antibiotic(1259)(1260), anti aging(1261)(1262), anti
cancers(1263)(1264)(1265), anti diabetic(1266)(1267), anti
arterio-sclerosis anti platelet coagulation(1268)(1269) agents and treat
to cardiovascular diseases(1270)(1271)(1272), lower blood
pressure(1273)(1274), blood lipids(1275)(1276)(1277) and promote
immunity(1278)(1279)(1280) and capillary circulation(1281)(1282) by
enhancing functions of
large intestine, lung, spleen, stomach. channels(1258).
Phytochemicals
1. Allyl methyl sulfide
2. Diallyl sulfide
3. 6-methyl-1-thio-2
4. 4-cyclohexadiene
5. Dimethyl sulfide
6. Divinyl sulfide
7. Dimethyl disulfide
8. Allyl methyl disulfide
9. Dithiocyclopentene
10. 5-methyl-1, 2-dithio-3-cyclopentene
11.Allyl propyl disulfide
12. 4-methyl-1
13. 2-dithio-3-cyclopentene
14. Allyl propyl trisulfide
15. Diallyl tetrasulfide
16. Dipropyl disulfide
17. Methyl propyl trisulfide
18. Allyl methyl tetrasulfide
19. Allyl methyl pentasulfide
20. Etc.
Da Suan(Garlic) used in the treatment of symptoms of dementia(1283)(1284)(1285), including Alzheimer's pathophysiology(1288)(1289)
in traditional Chinese medicine, may be due to its effectiveness of
phytochemicals aged garlic extract and S-allyl-L-cysteine and extracts(1284) in oxidative
stress inhibition(1284) and anti progression involved association of
degeneration and neuro inflammatory activity(1286) through neuro
protection against amyloid-beta peptide-induced apoptosis(1285) and toxicity(1287).
3.1. In Alzheimer's disease
Strong
evidences suggested that deposited amyloid-beta(Abeta) has shown to
associate to the progression in Alzheimer's disease
(AD)(1290)(1291)(1292), In mouse model induced by neurotoxic amyloid
beta protein (Aβ), ethyl acetate fractions of garlic extract exhibited
high levels of radical scavenging activity involved cognitive impairment
against Aβ-induced neuronal deficit and Aβ-induced learning and memory
deficits in vivo(1293). According to Indiana University School of
Medicine, the extracts also attenuated synaptic degeneration and
neuroinflammatory pathways associated with AD, through major
phytochemical S-allyl-L-cysteine (SAC) (1294), including oxidative
insults to neurons(1295). In Alzheimer's transgenic model Tg2576,
dietary aged
garlic extract (AGE) (2%)
showed to exhibited anti-amyloidogenic, anti-inflammatory and
anti-tangle effects also through its phytochemicals S-allyl-cysteine
(SAC) (20 mg/kg) and di-allyl-disulfide (DADS)(1296) without without
interfering with its antibiotic activity in ameliorate gentamicin
(GM)effectiveness(1297).
3.2. In Parkinson disease
Olfactory
dysfunction(1298)(1299) in non-motor functioning and
hyposmia(1300)(1301)/anosmia(1302)(1303) are common manifestation in
some neurodegenerative disorders caused by oxidative stress (OS) and
inflammatory insults(1305), including Parkinson disease. Dietary
supplement S-methyl-L-cysteine, a substrate in the catalytic
antioxidant system mediated by MSRA showed to protect cells from
oxidative damage through its antioxidative effect(1304) when used
conjunction with methionine sulfoxide reductase A in
Parkinson's-like symptoms(1304).
3.3. In Cognitive impairment
In
early cognitive deficits caused by gradually of accumulation of
beta-amyloid peptide (Abeta) oligomers of Abeta42 species, aged
garlic
extract, in mice model, prevented progressive behavioral
impairment, slowed plaque development, through protection against
deterioration of hippocampal based memory(1306), In
Alzheimer's disease
induced mice model, S-allyl cysteine, a component of aged garlic
extract, ameliorated cognitive deficits and oxidative damage in the
hippocampus of intracerebroventricular streptozotocin (ICV-STZ)(1308).
According to Gyeongsang National University, the effectiveness of aged
garlic extracts, in neurodegenerative disorders, notably
Alzheimer's disease(AD), may be due to its antioxidant activities in improvement of cognitive impairment against Aβ-induced neuronal deficit(1307).
3.4. In learning and memory
Acute
and chronic oral administration of aged garlic extract, in mice using step down latency (SDL) by passive avoidance response
and transfer latency (TL) improved
learning and memory probably due to ameliorated levels of cortical acetylcholinesterase (AchE)
and reduced glutathione (GSH) levels activities
and anti-oxidant property(1309). In oxidative damage
and spatial
learning and memory
deficits induced mice model, S-allylcysteine exerted its protective
effect against reactive oxygen species. Abeta(25-35)-induced hippocampal
toxicity
and learning deficits, through its free radical scavenging and ameliorated lipid peroxidation activities(1310).
Super foods Library,
Eat Yourself Healthy With The Best of the Best Nature Has to Offer
For more research papers for dementia, please visit: Most Common Diseases of Elders at
http://kylejnorton.blogspot.ca/p/dietary-vitamins.html
Reprinted from Norton Journal, Volume
I, Most Common Diseases of Ages of 50 Plus - Chapter of Diseases of
Central Nervous system(CNS): Dementia - Treatments in Traditional
Chinese Herbal Medicine by Kyle J. Norton
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