Dithiolthiones are phytochemicals in the class of Organosulfides, found abundantly in cruciferous vegetables, garden sorrel, horseradish, etc.
Sulforaphane and Liver disease
Liver disease in most cases are linked to alcohol or
drugs. In fact, it can be caused by a variety of factors and affecting
everyone from infants to older adults.
In CYP2E1-dependent binge alcohol-induced liver steatosis, oral treatment of sulforphane sulforaphane showed
to activated Nrf2, increased levels of the Nrf2 target heme
oxygenase-1 and subsequently lowered oxidant stress as shown by the
decline in lipid peroxidation and 3-nitrotyrosine protein adducts and an
increase in GSH levels(1). In the comparison of the effectiveness of Sulforaphane and glucoraphanin in modulating carcinogen-metabolising enzymes in Hep G2 cells, Dr Abdull Razis AF1,
and Noor NM found that sulforphane is superior to glucoraphanin in
modulators of various phase I and phase II enzymes involved in
carcinogen-metabolising enzyme systems in vitro(2). The University of
Rhode Island, Kingston study also insisted that SF activate Nrf2
activation in inhibited lipid accumulation in white adipose tissue,
suppressed adipogenesis, induced insulin resistance and glucose
intolerance, and increased hepatic steatosis in Lep(ob/ob) mice(3)..
Weight Loss the Easy Ways
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will Personally Coach You How to Get There The Easy Way
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Celebrity Patti Stanger Will Coach You To Get Him/Her
and Keep Him/Her for Good,The Simple Way
Ovarian Cysts And PCOS Elimination
Holistic System In Existence That Will Show You How To
Permanently Eliminate All Types of Ovarian Cysts Within 2 Months
Back to 1000 free AND HEALTHY recipes and counting
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References
(1) Sulforaphane induces Nrf2 and protects against CYP2E1-dependent binge alcohol-induced liver steatosis by Zhou R1, Lin J, Wu D.(PubMed)
(2) Sulforaphane is superior to glucoraphanin in modulating carcinogen-metabolising enzymes in Hep G2 cells by Abdull Razis AF1, Noor NM.(PubMed)
(3) Enhanced Nrf2 activity worsens insulin resistance, impairs lipid
accumulation in adipose tissue, and increases hepatic steatosis in
leptin-deficient mice by Xu J1, Kulkarni SR, Donepudi AC, More VR, Slitt AL.(PubMed)
Friday, 6 June 2014
The Broths: Fisk stock
Recipe by 125 Best Chinese Recipe1 By Bill Jones and Stephen Wong (Robert Rose)
5 lb. fish bones, rinse under cold water to remove any blood
3 large onion, peeled and roughly chopped
2 leeks, washed and roughly chopped
3 stalks of celery, roughly chopped
1 head fennel, sliced
3 bay leaves
1 small mixed herb (cilantro, basil, etc.)
5 whole pepper corns
2 tsp. fennel seed
2 tsp. whole allspice
2 tsp. whole coriander seed
2 cups white wine
20 cups water
1. Place ingredients in a large stockpot, adding more water, if necessary to cover. Bring mixture to a broil; reduce heat and simmer gently for 1 hour, skimming occasionally to remove any foam or impurities that rise to the top. Try not to let the mixture boil or broth will be cloudy.
2. strain in to container and cool to room temperature before refrigerating. (If hot stock is placed directly in the fridge, it will sometime sour). for a more intensely flavored stock, let liquid cool; return stock to pot and over low heat, simmer until volume is reduced by half.
Weight Loss the Easy Ways
Andrea Albright Featured on Health and Fitness Jan. 2015
will Personally Coach You How to Get There The Easy Way
If You Are Looking For a SoulMate
Celebrity Patti Stanger Will Coach You To Get Him/Her
and Keep Him/Her for Good,The Simple Way
Ovarian Cysts And PCOS Elimination
Holistic System In Existence That Will Show You How To
Permanently Eliminate All Types of Ovarian Cysts Within 2 Months
Back to 1000 free AND HEALTHY recipes and counting
http://kylejnorton.blogspot.ca/p/recipes.html
Back to Kyle J. Norton Home page http://kylejnorton.blogspot.ca
5 lb. fish bones, rinse under cold water to remove any blood
3 large onion, peeled and roughly chopped
2 leeks, washed and roughly chopped
3 stalks of celery, roughly chopped
1 head fennel, sliced
3 bay leaves
1 small mixed herb (cilantro, basil, etc.)
5 whole pepper corns
2 tsp. fennel seed
2 tsp. whole allspice
2 tsp. whole coriander seed
2 cups white wine
20 cups water
1. Place ingredients in a large stockpot, adding more water, if necessary to cover. Bring mixture to a broil; reduce heat and simmer gently for 1 hour, skimming occasionally to remove any foam or impurities that rise to the top. Try not to let the mixture boil or broth will be cloudy.
2. strain in to container and cool to room temperature before refrigerating. (If hot stock is placed directly in the fridge, it will sometime sour). for a more intensely flavored stock, let liquid cool; return stock to pot and over low heat, simmer until volume is reduced by half.
Weight Loss the Easy Ways
Andrea Albright Featured on Health and Fitness Jan. 2015
will Personally Coach You How to Get There The Easy Way
If You Are Looking For a SoulMate
Celebrity Patti Stanger Will Coach You To Get Him/Her
and Keep Him/Her for Good,The Simple Way
Ovarian Cysts And PCOS Elimination
Holistic System In Existence That Will Show You How To
Permanently Eliminate All Types of Ovarian Cysts Within 2 Months
Back to 1000 free AND HEALTHY recipes and counting
http://kylejnorton.blogspot.ca/p/recipes.html
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Thursday, 5 June 2014
The Science of Soy - The East Viewpoints: Part A4 - Soy and Obesity in Japanese
By Kyle J. Norton
Soy foods, including tofu have been in traditional Chinese diet over thousands of year, according to Chinese literature. The reduced risk of chronic disease, including metabolic syndrome such as cardiovascular diseases, obesity and diabetes and lesser menopause symptoms in advanced age of Japanese population, may be aided by eating a lot of soy food accompanied with large portion of vegetables and fruits. Indeed, according to the study, only 10% of women in the East are experience symptoms of menopause in advanced age compared to over 70% of their Western counterparts.
According to Dr. Mark Messina, Ph.D., Soy foods contributed from 6.5%8 to 12.8%7 of total protein intake in older adult in Japan.(b)
The approval of cardiovascular benefit of soy by FDA in 1999 accompanied with the discovery of health benefits in clinical studies over past decade, prompted the promotion and advertisement of soy's health benefits in every aspect in Western society. Evidences could be seen by walking through the supermarkets and drug stores. Soy supplements and products such as tofu, soy milk, soy-based infant formula, and meatless “texturized vegetable protein” burgers were widely available. According to the United Soybean Board’s 2004–2005, 25% of Americans consume soy foods or beverages at least once per week, and 74% view soy products as healthy.
Today, the promotion of soy are no longer existed, it may be results of discovery of adverse effect in single ingredient and animal studies, as intake of soy is associated to induce risk certain mammary cancers and infertility. The publication of the result have drawn many criticisms. According to Thomas Badger, director and senior investigator at the Arkansas Children’s Nutrition Center in Little Rock, these effects are seen only under certain experimental conditions that are not likely to occur in humans—and therein lies the crux of the debate(a). Equol (4',7-isoflavandiol), an isoflavandiol metabolized from daidzein may be the causes, as 90% of Eastern population are equol producers but only 30% in the West.
The explanation of the positive effect of soy isoflavones in reduced risk of mammary cancers by University of Goettingen may be interesting, as researchers said" Most importantly, there is dispute as to whether isoflavones derived from soy or red clover have negative, positive or any effect at all on the mammary gland or endometrium. It is beyond any doubt that soy products may have cancer preventing properties in a variety of organs including the mammary gland. However, these properties may only be exerted if the developing organ was under the influence of isoflavones during childhood and puberty.
Soybean is the genus Glycine, belonging to the family Fabaceae, one of the legumes that contains twice as much protein per acre as any other major vegetable or grain crop, native to Southeast Asia. Now, it is grown worldwide with suitable climate for commercial profits.
Nutrients
1. Carbohydrates
2. Dietary fiber
3. Fat
4. Protein
5. Essential amino acid
6. Vitamin A
7. Vitamin B6
8. Vitamin B12
9. Vitamin C
10. Vitamin K
11. Calcium
12. Iron
13. Magnesium
14. Phosphorus
15. Potassium
16. Sodium
17. Zinc
18. Etc.
Phytochemicals
1. Isoflavones
2. Genistein
3. Saponins
4. Beta-sitosterol
5. Daidzein
I. Soy in Eastern population
A. The Japanese population
Japan, an island nation in the Pacific Ocean, lies to the east of the Sea of Japan, China, North Korea, South Korea and Russia, stretching from the Sea of Okhotsk in the north to the East China Sea and Taiwan in the south(1). According to Moriyama, Japanese women and men live longer and healthier than everyone else on Earth, it may be result of healthier Japanese diet and lifestyle. According to the World Health Organization, the Japanese have an average of 75 years healthy living with disability-free, it may be due to average soy intake 10 to 70 times higher than in Western people(1a)(1b).
A4. Soy and Obesity in Japanese
Soy foods intake is well known for it estrogenic effects because it binds the estrogen receptor with relatively high affinity, but effects induced risk of obesity are inconclusive in the West(1)(2)(3).
It may be results of most Westerner are non equol producers(4)(5). Some researchers suggested that the prevalence of obesity in the West may be result of typical American diet with high in saturated and trans-fat and less in fruits and vegetables. Other blamed the epidemic obesity is a result of economic environment which make healthy foods more expensive than junks and suggested of taxes on foods with low nutritional value could nudge behavior toward healthier diets, as could subsidies/discounts for healthier(8). According to a report on NBC by Melissa Dhal, just 10.8 percent of Asians in America are considered obese, a slim percentage when compared with the 33 percent of whites, 42 percent of Hispanics and 48 percent of blacks with a BMI of 30 or higher(7).
In fact, the traditional Japanese diet with high amount of soy products are associated to a lower BMI in adulthood(9).
According to the Dr. Ma J and the research team, the early exposure to a high-fat diet diminished the abundance of non-pathogenic Campylobacter in the juvenile gut of that may enhance the risk of obesity(10). In fact, DR. Sakata T. said that a very-low-calorie conventional Japanese diet of 370 kcal/day has been shown to be useful for weight reduction and its long-term maintenance(11). and dietary content and food patterns used in management among Japanese patients with type 2 diabetes are quite close to those reported as suitable for prevention of obesity, type 2 diabetes, cardiovascular disease, and total mortality in Europe and America, according to the study of 1,516 patients with type 2 diabetes aged 40-70 years from outpatient clinics in 59 university and general hospitals(12). Regarded to diet habit of the West and Japanese working women, the proportion of eating problems is low in comparison with Western adult populations(15).
Study of Occupational Class Differences in Body Mass Index and Weight Gain in Japan and Finland may provide us with interesting result "BMI was higher at baseline and BMI gain was more rapid in Finland than in Japan, it may be results of clear socioeconomic gradients in obesity in Finland compared to Japanese environment is less obesogenic than the Finnish environment, or factors such as easy access to fast-food restaurants and limited possibilities for physical exercise are suggested characteristics of an obesogenic environment or due to the Japanese diet has traditionally been very healthy, with high consumption of vegetables, soy protein, and fish, with the general nutritional status of the Japanese population is still healthier than that in many Western countries" (13).
Unfortunately, due to influence of the West, many Japanese have abandoned the traditional Japanese diet but opted for quick, high fat diet with a lots of junk foods. According to the Kagawa Nutrition University, Japanese traditional and Western, were all independently and significantly related to the risk of obesity even among a relatively lean young Japanese female population(14).
Other study suggested that adapting maternal Western-style diet consumption may lead to increased susceptibility to type 2 diabetes in the offspring(16), and Western diet increased risk for atherosclerosis and promoted the progression of preclinical atherosclerosis, in correspondence with the extent of westernization(17). As undergoing rapid "Westernization," , change in Japanese dietary patterns continued, with high intake of butter & margarine, cheese, bread and ham & sausage, etc.(18), the Westernized chronic illness may rise to a level currently found in the "Western" countries in the coming few decades, including diverticular disease, mammary cancers(19)(20).
Weight Loss the Easy Ways
Andrea Albright Featured on Health and Fitness Jan. 2015
will Personally Coach You How to Get There The Easy Way
If You Are Looking For a SoulMate
Celebrity Patti Stanger Will Coach You To Get Him/Her
and Keep Him/Her for Good,The Simple Way
Ovarian Cysts And PCOS Elimination
Holistic System In Existence That Will Show You How To
Permanently Eliminate All Types of Ovarian Cysts Within 2 Months
Back to 1000 free AND HEALTHY recipes and counting
http://kylejnorton.blogspot.ca/p/recipes.html
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References
(1) Genistein exposure during the early postnatal period favors the development of obesity in female, but not male rats by Strakovsky RS1, Lezmi S, Flaws JA, Schantz SL, Pan YX, Helferich WG.(PubMed)
(2) Arginine, soy isoflavone and hydroxypropylmethylcellulose have protective effects against obesity in broiler breeder hens fed on high-energy diets by Khalaji S1, Zaghari M, Ganjkhanloo M, Ghaziani F.(PubMed)
(3) Effects of voluntary running and soy supplementation on diet-induced metabolic disturbance and inflammation in mice by Yan L1, Graef GL, Claycombe KJ, Johnson LK.(PubMed)
(4) Effects of natural S-equol supplements on overweight or obesity and metabolic syndrome in the Japanese, based on sex and equol status by Usui T1, Tochiya M, Sasaki Y, Muranaka K, Yamakage H, Himeno A, Shimatsu A, Inaguma A, Ueno T, Uchiyama S, Satoh-Asahara N.(PubMed)
(5) Obesity prevalence in relation to gut microbial environments capable of producing equol or O-desmethylangolensin from the isoflavone daidzein by Frankenfeld CL1, Atkinson C2, Wähälä K3, Lampe JW4.(PubMed)
(6) Family-focused physical activity, diet and obesity interventions in African-American girls: a systematic review by Barr-Anderson DJ1, Adams-Wynn AW, DiSantis KI, Kumanyika S.(PubMed)
(7). What's actually behind the low Asian-American obesity rate? by Melissa Dahl
(8) Obesity and economic environments by Sturm R1, An R.(PubMed)
(9) Soy intake is related to a lower body mass index in adult women by Maskarinec G1, Aylward AG, Erber E, Takata Y, Kolonel LN.(PubMed)
(10) High-fat maternal diet during pregnancy persistently alters the offspring microbiome in a primate model by Ma J1, Prince AL2, Bader D3, Hu M4, Ganu R4, Baquero K5, Blundell P5, Alan Harris R6, Frias AE5, Grove KL5, Aagaard KM(PubMed)
(11) A very-low-calorie conventional Japanese diet: its implications for prevention of obesity by Sakata T.(PubMed)
(12) Dietary intake in Japanese patients with type 2 diabetes: Analysis from Japan Diabetes Complications Study by Horikawa C1, Yoshimura Y2, Kamada C2, Tanaka S3, Tanaka S4, Takahashi A5, Hanyu O6, Araki A7, Ito H7, Tanaka A8, Ohashi Y5, Akanuma Y9, Yamada N10, Sone H6.(PubMed)
(13) ccupational Class Differences in Body Mass Index and Weight Gain in Japan and Finland
(17) Influence of the extent of westernization of lifestyle on the progression of preclinical atherosclerosis in Japanese subjects by Egusa G1, Watanabe H, Ohshita K, Fujikawa R, Yamane K, Okubo M, Kohno N.(PubMed)
(18) Dietary factors related to higher plasma fibrinogen levels of Japanese-americans in hawaii compared with Japanese in Japan by Miura K1, Nakagawa H, Ueshima H, Okayama A, Saitoh S, Curb JD, Rodriguez BL, Sakata K, Okuda N, Yoshita K, Stamler J; INTERMAP Research Group; INTERLIPID Research Group.(PubMed)
(19) Changes in dietary fiber intake among Japanese in the 20th century: a relationship to the prevalence of diverticular disease by Ohi G, Minowa K, Oyama T, Nagahashi M, Yamazaki N, Yamamoto S, Nagasako K, Hayakawa K, Kimura K, Mori B.(PubMed).
(20) Relationship between westernization of dietary habits and mortality from breast and ovarian cancers in Japan. Kato I, Tominaga S, Kuroishi T.(PubMed)
Soy foods, including tofu have been in traditional Chinese diet over thousands of year, according to Chinese literature. The reduced risk of chronic disease, including metabolic syndrome such as cardiovascular diseases, obesity and diabetes and lesser menopause symptoms in advanced age of Japanese population, may be aided by eating a lot of soy food accompanied with large portion of vegetables and fruits. Indeed, according to the study, only 10% of women in the East are experience symptoms of menopause in advanced age compared to over 70% of their Western counterparts.
According to Dr. Mark Messina, Ph.D., Soy foods contributed from 6.5%8 to 12.8%7 of total protein intake in older adult in Japan.(b)
The approval of cardiovascular benefit of soy by FDA in 1999 accompanied with the discovery of health benefits in clinical studies over past decade, prompted the promotion and advertisement of soy's health benefits in every aspect in Western society. Evidences could be seen by walking through the supermarkets and drug stores. Soy supplements and products such as tofu, soy milk, soy-based infant formula, and meatless “texturized vegetable protein” burgers were widely available. According to the United Soybean Board’s 2004–2005, 25% of Americans consume soy foods or beverages at least once per week, and 74% view soy products as healthy.
Today, the promotion of soy are no longer existed, it may be results of discovery of adverse effect in single ingredient and animal studies, as intake of soy is associated to induce risk certain mammary cancers and infertility. The publication of the result have drawn many criticisms. According to Thomas Badger, director and senior investigator at the Arkansas Children’s Nutrition Center in Little Rock, these effects are seen only under certain experimental conditions that are not likely to occur in humans—and therein lies the crux of the debate(a). Equol (4',7-isoflavandiol), an isoflavandiol metabolized from daidzein may be the causes, as 90% of Eastern population are equol producers but only 30% in the West.
The explanation of the positive effect of soy isoflavones in reduced risk of mammary cancers by University of Goettingen may be interesting, as researchers said" Most importantly, there is dispute as to whether isoflavones derived from soy or red clover have negative, positive or any effect at all on the mammary gland or endometrium. It is beyond any doubt that soy products may have cancer preventing properties in a variety of organs including the mammary gland. However, these properties may only be exerted if the developing organ was under the influence of isoflavones during childhood and puberty.
Soybean is the genus Glycine, belonging to the family Fabaceae, one of the legumes that contains twice as much protein per acre as any other major vegetable or grain crop, native to Southeast Asia. Now, it is grown worldwide with suitable climate for commercial profits.
Nutrients
1. Carbohydrates
2. Dietary fiber
3. Fat
4. Protein
5. Essential amino acid
6. Vitamin A
7. Vitamin B6
8. Vitamin B12
9. Vitamin C
10. Vitamin K
11. Calcium
12. Iron
13. Magnesium
14. Phosphorus
15. Potassium
16. Sodium
17. Zinc
18. Etc.
Phytochemicals
1. Isoflavones
2. Genistein
3. Saponins
4. Beta-sitosterol
5. Daidzein
I. Soy in Eastern population
A. The Japanese population
Japan, an island nation in the Pacific Ocean, lies to the east of the Sea of Japan, China, North Korea, South Korea and Russia, stretching from the Sea of Okhotsk in the north to the East China Sea and Taiwan in the south(1). According to Moriyama, Japanese women and men live longer and healthier than everyone else on Earth, it may be result of healthier Japanese diet and lifestyle. According to the World Health Organization, the Japanese have an average of 75 years healthy living with disability-free, it may be due to average soy intake 10 to 70 times higher than in Western people(1a)(1b).
A4. Soy and Obesity in Japanese
Soy foods intake is well known for it estrogenic effects because it binds the estrogen receptor with relatively high affinity, but effects induced risk of obesity are inconclusive in the West(1)(2)(3).
It may be results of most Westerner are non equol producers(4)(5). Some researchers suggested that the prevalence of obesity in the West may be result of typical American diet with high in saturated and trans-fat and less in fruits and vegetables. Other blamed the epidemic obesity is a result of economic environment which make healthy foods more expensive than junks and suggested of taxes on foods with low nutritional value could nudge behavior toward healthier diets, as could subsidies/discounts for healthier(8). According to a report on NBC by Melissa Dhal, just 10.8 percent of Asians in America are considered obese, a slim percentage when compared with the 33 percent of whites, 42 percent of Hispanics and 48 percent of blacks with a BMI of 30 or higher(7).
In fact, the traditional Japanese diet with high amount of soy products are associated to a lower BMI in adulthood(9).
According to the Dr. Ma J and the research team, the early exposure to a high-fat diet diminished the abundance of non-pathogenic Campylobacter in the juvenile gut of that may enhance the risk of obesity(10). In fact, DR. Sakata T. said that a very-low-calorie conventional Japanese diet of 370 kcal/day has been shown to be useful for weight reduction and its long-term maintenance(11). and dietary content and food patterns used in management among Japanese patients with type 2 diabetes are quite close to those reported as suitable for prevention of obesity, type 2 diabetes, cardiovascular disease, and total mortality in Europe and America, according to the study of 1,516 patients with type 2 diabetes aged 40-70 years from outpatient clinics in 59 university and general hospitals(12). Regarded to diet habit of the West and Japanese working women, the proportion of eating problems is low in comparison with Western adult populations(15).
Study of Occupational Class Differences in Body Mass Index and Weight Gain in Japan and Finland may provide us with interesting result "BMI was higher at baseline and BMI gain was more rapid in Finland than in Japan, it may be results of clear socioeconomic gradients in obesity in Finland compared to Japanese environment is less obesogenic than the Finnish environment, or factors such as easy access to fast-food restaurants and limited possibilities for physical exercise are suggested characteristics of an obesogenic environment or due to the Japanese diet has traditionally been very healthy, with high consumption of vegetables, soy protein, and fish, with the general nutritional status of the Japanese population is still healthier than that in many Western countries" (13).
Unfortunately, due to influence of the West, many Japanese have abandoned the traditional Japanese diet but opted for quick, high fat diet with a lots of junk foods. According to the Kagawa Nutrition University, Japanese traditional and Western, were all independently and significantly related to the risk of obesity even among a relatively lean young Japanese female population(14).
Other study suggested that adapting maternal Western-style diet consumption may lead to increased susceptibility to type 2 diabetes in the offspring(16), and Western diet increased risk for atherosclerosis and promoted the progression of preclinical atherosclerosis, in correspondence with the extent of westernization(17). As undergoing rapid "Westernization," , change in Japanese dietary patterns continued, with high intake of butter & margarine, cheese, bread and ham & sausage, etc.(18), the Westernized chronic illness may rise to a level currently found in the "Western" countries in the coming few decades, including diverticular disease, mammary cancers(19)(20).
Weight Loss the Easy Ways
Andrea Albright Featured on Health and Fitness Jan. 2015
will Personally Coach You How to Get There The Easy Way
If You Are Looking For a SoulMate
Celebrity Patti Stanger Will Coach You To Get Him/Her
and Keep Him/Her for Good,The Simple Way
Ovarian Cysts And PCOS Elimination
Holistic System In Existence That Will Show You How To
Permanently Eliminate All Types of Ovarian Cysts Within 2 Months
Back to 1000 free AND HEALTHY recipes and counting
http://kylejnorton.blogspot.ca/p/recipes.html
Back to Kyle J. Norton Home page http://kylejnorton.blogspot.ca
(1) Genistein exposure during the early postnatal period favors the development of obesity in female, but not male rats by Strakovsky RS1, Lezmi S, Flaws JA, Schantz SL, Pan YX, Helferich WG.(PubMed)
(2) Arginine, soy isoflavone and hydroxypropylmethylcellulose have protective effects against obesity in broiler breeder hens fed on high-energy diets by Khalaji S1, Zaghari M, Ganjkhanloo M, Ghaziani F.(PubMed)
(3) Effects of voluntary running and soy supplementation on diet-induced metabolic disturbance and inflammation in mice by Yan L1, Graef GL, Claycombe KJ, Johnson LK.(PubMed)
(4) Effects of natural S-equol supplements on overweight or obesity and metabolic syndrome in the Japanese, based on sex and equol status by Usui T1, Tochiya M, Sasaki Y, Muranaka K, Yamakage H, Himeno A, Shimatsu A, Inaguma A, Ueno T, Uchiyama S, Satoh-Asahara N.(PubMed)
(5) Obesity prevalence in relation to gut microbial environments capable of producing equol or O-desmethylangolensin from the isoflavone daidzein by Frankenfeld CL1, Atkinson C2, Wähälä K3, Lampe JW4.(PubMed)
(6) Family-focused physical activity, diet and obesity interventions in African-American girls: a systematic review by Barr-Anderson DJ1, Adams-Wynn AW, DiSantis KI, Kumanyika S.(PubMed)
(7). What's actually behind the low Asian-American obesity rate? by Melissa Dahl
(8) Obesity and economic environments by Sturm R1, An R.(PubMed)
(9) Soy intake is related to a lower body mass index in adult women by Maskarinec G1, Aylward AG, Erber E, Takata Y, Kolonel LN.(PubMed)
(10) High-fat maternal diet during pregnancy persistently alters the offspring microbiome in a primate model by Ma J1, Prince AL2, Bader D3, Hu M4, Ganu R4, Baquero K5, Blundell P5, Alan Harris R6, Frias AE5, Grove KL5, Aagaard KM(PubMed)
(11) A very-low-calorie conventional Japanese diet: its implications for prevention of obesity by Sakata T.(PubMed)
(12) Dietary intake in Japanese patients with type 2 diabetes: Analysis from Japan Diabetes Complications Study by Horikawa C1, Yoshimura Y2, Kamada C2, Tanaka S3, Tanaka S4, Takahashi A5, Hanyu O6, Araki A7, Ito H7, Tanaka A8, Ohashi Y5, Akanuma Y9, Yamada N10, Sone H6.(PubMed)
(13) ccupational Class Differences in Body Mass Index and Weight Gain in Japan and Finland
(17) Influence of the extent of westernization of lifestyle on the progression of preclinical atherosclerosis in Japanese subjects by Egusa G1, Watanabe H, Ohshita K, Fujikawa R, Yamane K, Okubo M, Kohno N.(PubMed)
(18) Dietary factors related to higher plasma fibrinogen levels of Japanese-americans in hawaii compared with Japanese in Japan by Miura K1, Nakagawa H, Ueshima H, Okayama A, Saitoh S, Curb JD, Rodriguez BL, Sakata K, Okuda N, Yoshita K, Stamler J; INTERMAP Research Group; INTERLIPID Research Group.(PubMed)
(19) Changes in dietary fiber intake among Japanese in the 20th century: a relationship to the prevalence of diverticular disease by Ohi G, Minowa K, Oyama T, Nagahashi M, Yamazaki N, Yamamoto S, Nagasako K, Hayakawa K, Kimura K, Mori B.(PubMed).
(20) Relationship between westernization of dietary habits and mortality from breast and ovarian cancers in Japan. Kato I, Tominaga S, Kuroishi T.(PubMed)
Eggplant and cardiovascular diseases
Kyle J. Norton
Eggplant is a species of S. melongena, belonging to the family Solanaceae and native to India. The plant has been cultivated in southern and eastern Asia since prehistory. It is famous with its deeply purple and the best eggplant can be found from August through October when it is in season.
Nutritional Supplements
1. Carbohydrates
2. Sugars
3. Fiber
4. Fat
5. Protein
6. Thiamine (Vitamin B1)
7. Riboflavin (Vitamin B2)
8. Niacin (Vitamin B3)
9. Pantothenic acid (B5)
10. Vitamin B6
11. Folate (Vitamin B9)
12. Vitamin C
13. Tryptophan
14. Manganese
15. Calcium
16. Copper
17. Iron
18. Magnesium
19. Phosphorus
20. Potassium
21. Zinc
22. Etc.
Chemical constituents
The vegetable chemical compounds containing include sterols (i.e. typical plant sterols, androstane, pregnane and cholestane derivatives, steroidal alkaloids and sapogenins), phytosterols, triterpenes, δ-amyrin, Chlorogenic acid, Nasunin and other Polyphenolic compounds.
Eggplant and cardiovascular diseases
Beside cancer, heart disease kills more than 2,000 Americans everyday. Approximately 60 million Americans have heart disease. Most of heart diseases are caused by high blood pressure contributes to hardening of the arteries. High levels of bad cholesterol (LDL) build up in the arteries as a result of uncontrolled diet with high levels of saturated fat and trans fat.
Animals fed freeze-dried products of either raw or grilled eggplants for 30 days study showed a positive effect of raw and cooked eggplant (Solanum melongena L) in increase left ventricular function, and reduce myocardial infarct size and cardiomyocyte apoptosis with high potency in grilled eggplants(1). According to Tuskegee University, eggplant containing high sources of phenolic compounds, might provide anti-oxidative protection against free radicals in the human body and might reduce the risk of chronic diseases(2)
Weight Loss the Easy Ways
Andrea Albright Featured on Health and Fitness Jan. 2015
will Personally Coach You How to Get There The Easy Way
If You Are Looking For a SoulMate
Celebrity Patti Stanger Will Coach You To Get Him/Her
and Keep Him/Her for Good,The Simple Way
Ovarian Cysts And PCOS Elimination
Holistic System In Existence That Will Show You How To
Permanently Eliminate All Types of Ovarian Cysts Within 2 Months
Back to 1000 free AND HEALTHY recipes and counting
http://kylejnorton.blogspot.ca/p/recipes.html
Back to Kyle J. Norton Home page http://kylejnorton.blogspot.ca
References
(1) Cardioprotective properties of raw and cooked eggplant (Solanum melongena L) by Das S1, Raychaudhuri U, Falchi M, Bertelli A, Braga PC, Das DK.(PubMed)
(2) Total phenolics and antioxidant capacity of indigenous vegetables in the southeast United States: Alabama Collaboration for Cardiovascular Equality Project by Huang Z1, Wang B, Eaves DH, Shikany JM, Pace RD.(PubMed)
Eggplant is a species of S. melongena, belonging to the family Solanaceae and native to India. The plant has been cultivated in southern and eastern Asia since prehistory. It is famous with its deeply purple and the best eggplant can be found from August through October when it is in season.
Nutritional Supplements
1. Carbohydrates
2. Sugars
3. Fiber
4. Fat
5. Protein
6. Thiamine (Vitamin B1)
7. Riboflavin (Vitamin B2)
8. Niacin (Vitamin B3)
9. Pantothenic acid (B5)
10. Vitamin B6
11. Folate (Vitamin B9)
12. Vitamin C
13. Tryptophan
14. Manganese
15. Calcium
16. Copper
17. Iron
18. Magnesium
19. Phosphorus
20. Potassium
21. Zinc
22. Etc.
Chemical constituents
The vegetable chemical compounds containing include sterols (i.e. typical plant sterols, androstane, pregnane and cholestane derivatives, steroidal alkaloids and sapogenins), phytosterols, triterpenes, δ-amyrin, Chlorogenic acid, Nasunin and other Polyphenolic compounds.
Eggplant and cardiovascular diseases
Beside cancer, heart disease kills more than 2,000 Americans everyday. Approximately 60 million Americans have heart disease. Most of heart diseases are caused by high blood pressure contributes to hardening of the arteries. High levels of bad cholesterol (LDL) build up in the arteries as a result of uncontrolled diet with high levels of saturated fat and trans fat.
Animals fed freeze-dried products of either raw or grilled eggplants for 30 days study showed a positive effect of raw and cooked eggplant (Solanum melongena L) in increase left ventricular function, and reduce myocardial infarct size and cardiomyocyte apoptosis with high potency in grilled eggplants(1). According to Tuskegee University, eggplant containing high sources of phenolic compounds, might provide anti-oxidative protection against free radicals in the human body and might reduce the risk of chronic diseases(2)
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References
(1) Cardioprotective properties of raw and cooked eggplant (Solanum melongena L) by Das S1, Raychaudhuri U, Falchi M, Bertelli A, Braga PC, Das DK.(PubMed)
(2) Total phenolics and antioxidant capacity of indigenous vegetables in the southeast United States: Alabama Collaboration for Cardiovascular Equality Project by Huang Z1, Wang B, Eaves DH, Shikany JM, Pace RD.(PubMed)
Vegetable stock
Recipe by 125 Best Chinese Recipe1 By Bill Jones and Stephen Wong (Robert Rose)
4 large onions, peeled and roughly chopped
2 leeks, washed and roughly chopped
5 stalks of celery, roughly chopped
3 bay leaves
1 small mixed herb (cilantro, basil, etc.)
10 whole pepper corns
1/2 head garlic
2 ginger slices
1 tsp. fennel seed
1 tsp. whole allspice
1 tsp. whole coriander seed
2 cups white wine
20 cups water
1. Place ingredients in a large stockpot, adding more water, if necessary to cover. Bring mixture to a broil; reduce heat and simmer gently for 2 hours, skimming occasionally to remove any foam or impurities that rise to the top. Try not to let the mixture boil or broth will be cloudy.
2. strain in to container and cool to room temperature before refrigerating. (If hot stock is placed directly in the fridge, it will sometime sour). for a more intensely flavored stock, let liquid cool; return stock to pot and over low heat, simmer until volume is reduced by half.
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Permanently Eliminate All Types of Ovarian Cysts Within 2 Months
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4 large onions, peeled and roughly chopped
2 leeks, washed and roughly chopped
5 stalks of celery, roughly chopped
3 bay leaves
1 small mixed herb (cilantro, basil, etc.)
10 whole pepper corns
1/2 head garlic
2 ginger slices
1 tsp. fennel seed
1 tsp. whole allspice
1 tsp. whole coriander seed
2 cups white wine
20 cups water
1. Place ingredients in a large stockpot, adding more water, if necessary to cover. Bring mixture to a broil; reduce heat and simmer gently for 2 hours, skimming occasionally to remove any foam or impurities that rise to the top. Try not to let the mixture boil or broth will be cloudy.
2. strain in to container and cool to room temperature before refrigerating. (If hot stock is placed directly in the fridge, it will sometime sour). for a more intensely flavored stock, let liquid cool; return stock to pot and over low heat, simmer until volume is reduced by half.
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will Personally Coach You How to Get There The Easy Way
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and Keep Him/Her for Good,The Simple Way
Ovarian Cysts And PCOS Elimination
Holistic System In Existence That Will Show You How To
Permanently Eliminate All Types of Ovarian Cysts Within 2 Months
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The Mayonnaise - Aioli
Recipe by Cooking light, the complete Quick Cook, (A practical Guide to Smart,
Fast home Cooking) by Bruce Weinstein and Mark Scarborough, Publisher
Oxmoor House
Aioli is a simple mayonnaise with the addition of minced fresh garlic. here is a homemade version- a real treat. Use aioli as a spread for samdwich pr wraps, as a dip for cut=up vegetables or a topper for sliced tomatoes.
1 tsp. fresh lemon juice
1/2 tsp. Dijon muster
2 large pasteurized egg yolks
1/4 canola oil
1 tsp. bottled minced garlic
1 tsp. salt
1/8 tsp. freshly ground black pepper
Combine lemon juice, mustard and egg yolks in a medium bowl, stirring well with a whisk. gradually add oil, about 1 tsp. at a time. stirring with a whisk until each addition is incorporated and mixture is thick. Stir in garlic, salt, pepper. Store in a air tight container in refrigerator for up to 1 week. Yield 1 cup. Serving size 21/2 tsp.
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Aioli is a simple mayonnaise with the addition of minced fresh garlic. here is a homemade version- a real treat. Use aioli as a spread for samdwich pr wraps, as a dip for cut=up vegetables or a topper for sliced tomatoes.
1 tsp. fresh lemon juice
1/2 tsp. Dijon muster
2 large pasteurized egg yolks
1/4 canola oil
1 tsp. bottled minced garlic
1 tsp. salt
1/8 tsp. freshly ground black pepper
Combine lemon juice, mustard and egg yolks in a medium bowl, stirring well with a whisk. gradually add oil, about 1 tsp. at a time. stirring with a whisk until each addition is incorporated and mixture is thick. Stir in garlic, salt, pepper. Store in a air tight container in refrigerator for up to 1 week. Yield 1 cup. Serving size 21/2 tsp.
Weight Loss the Easy Ways
Andrea Albright Featured on Health and Fitness Jan. 2015
will Personally Coach You How to Get There The Easy Way
If You Are Looking For a SoulMate
Celebrity Patti Stanger Will Coach You To Get Him/Her
and Keep Him/Her for Good,The Simple Way
Ovarian Cysts And PCOS Elimination
Holistic System In Existence That Will Show You How To
Permanently Eliminate All Types of Ovarian Cysts Within 2 Months
Back to 1000 free AND HEALTHY recipes and counting
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Wednesday, 4 June 2014
Weight loss in Vitamin C Points of view
The prevalence of extreme overweight and obesity has caused concerns of
scientific community in the South East Asian population, as results of unhealthy
diet and life style change over 2 decades of economic prosperity.
Overweight and obesity have reached epidemic proportions in many Asian
countries, affecting even younger age than in Western populations with
economic burden in the development of Obesity-related disorders such as
diabetes, hypertension, and cardiovascular diseases(1). One of six
Malaysian are either extreme overweight or obese, according to Datin
Paduka Santha Kumari, chairman of the Selangor branch of the Malaysian
Diabetes Association and according to global health observatory, at
least 2.8 million people die each year as a result of being overweight
or obese, and an estimated 35.8 million (2.3%) of global DALYs are
caused by overweight or obesity, worldwide(2).
Epidemiological studies, linking herbal medicine, foods and vitamins in preventing and treating these diseases have been inconclusive(a)
Some researchers insisted that using herbs and supplements to induce weight loss should be taken with care, as a considerable number of reports have been published on hepatotoxicity associated with herbal products attributed with weight-reducing properties(4)(5)(6)(7). The College of Medicine, The Ohio State University insisted that various dietary, lifestyle, and psychologic factors are involved in the etiology of Prameha, particularly in relation to disturbances in fat and carbohydrate metabolism(8), without effective management, obtaining a workable weight loss plan may be extremely difficult.
Vitamin C, also known as L-ascorbic acid, is a water-soluble vitamin, found in fresh fruits, berries and green vegetables. It is best known for its free radical scavengers activity and regenerating oxidized vitamin E for immune support.
Vitamin C deficiency and incidence of obesity
Vitamin C and other nutrients deficiency not only is associated to the risk of Obesity(15) but also enhances the risk of lipids, inflammation and insulin resistance(16).
According to the research team at Universidad Autónoma de Querétaro, there is an associated link between Obesity and Zinc and vitamins A and C concentration in in women from rural Mexico, in a fasting blood sample analysis (11).
Although genetic susceptibility to obesity is associated with gene polymorphisms affecting biochemical pathways which also impacted by specific foods and nutrients. According to Dr. Johnston CS., vitamin C depletion is associated to positively related to body mass, individuals with adequate vitamin C status oxidize 30% more fat during a moderate exercise bout than individuals with low vitamin C status(10)
Vitamin C, the protective effect against obesity
Endothelial dysfunction has found to be associated to the incidence of obesity(12). The study of 76 healthy subjects (50 men and 26 women aged 21-45 years) obese subject, showed a positive effect of vitamin C and indomethacin in reduced oxidative stress contributed to endothelial dysfunction in human obesity(13).
In the evaluation of the potential inhibitory activity on α-glucosidase and pancreatic lipase by Citrus spp. fruits of Spanish origin, grapefruit, contained higher contents of phytochemicals such as vitamin C, is found to have a great value for nutrition and treatment of diet-related diseases(14).
L-Ascorbic acid in the study, whether would facilitate the anti-obesity effects of chitosan and psyllium husk in vivo, showed addition of vitamin C in diet influenced the reduction in body weight gain and food efficiency ratio, and the increase in total fecal weight and fecal fat excretion in guinea pigs fed a high-fat diet(16).
Taken altogether, deficiency of vitamin C and other nutriente is associated to increase risk of obese incidence. Vitamin C may be effective in induced weight loss for obese subjects due tom its positive interaction in inhibiting oxidative stress causes of endothelial dysfunction. Daily ingestion of high-dose vitamin C may be considered safe, but in rare incidence, overdoses in a prolonged period of time, may cause intra-renal oxalate crystal deposition, a fatal nephrotoxicity(18)(19).
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will Personally Coach You How to Get There The Easy Way
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Holistic System In Existence That Will Show You How To
Permanently Eliminate All Types of Ovarian Cysts Within 2 Months
Back to Researched articles - Points of view of Vitamins, Foods and Herbs
http://kylejnorton.blogspot.ca/p/blog-page_24.html
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References
(1) Rising Burden of Obesity in Asia by Ambady Ramachandran and Chamukuttan Snehalatha(Journey of Obesity)
(2) Obesity - Situation and trends(WHO)
(3) Influence of a combination of herbs on appetite suppression and weight loss in rats by Talpur NA1, Echard BW, Manohar V, Preuss HG.(PubMed)
(4) [Hepatotoxicity induced by herbs and medicines used to induce weight loss].[Article in Spanish]by Herrera S1, Bruguera M.(PubMed)
(5) A case report of adult lead toxicity following use of Ayurvedic herbal medication by Breeher L1, Gerr F, Fuortes L.(PubMed)
(6) [Chronic lead intoxication associated with Ayurvedic medication].[Article in Dutch] by Kanen BL1, Perenboom RM.(PubMed)
(7) Potential toxicity of caffeine when used as a dietary supplement for weight loss by Pendleton M1, Brown S, Thomas C, Odle B.(PubMed)
(8) Multinutrient supplement containing ephedra and caffeine causes weight loss and improves metabolic risk factors in obese women: a randomized controlled trial by Hackman RM1, Havel PJ, Schwartz HJ, Rutledge JC, Watnik MR, Noceti EM, Stohs SJ, Stern JS, Keen CL.(PubMed)
(9) Associations between body mass index and the prevalence of low micronutrient levels among US adults by Kimmons JE1, Blanck HM, Tohill BC, Zhang J, Khan LK.(PubMed)
(10) Strategies for healthy weight loss: from vitamin C to the glycemic response by Johnston CS.(PubMed)
(11) Zinc, vitamin A, and vitamin C status are associated with leptin concentrations and obesity in Mexican women: results from a cross-sectional study by García OP1, Ronquillo D, Caamaño Mdel C, Camacho M, Long KZ, Rosado JL.(PubMed)
(12) Mechanisms of endothelial dysfunction in obesity(Science direct)
(13) Obesity and body fat distribution induce endothelial dysfunction by oxidative stress: protective effect of vitamin C. by Perticone F1, Ceravolo R, Candigliota M, Ventura G, Iacopino S, Sinopoli F, Mattioli PL.(PubMed)
(14) Phytochemistry and biological activity of Spanish Citrus fruits by Gironés-Vilaplana A1, Moreno DA, García-Viguera C.(PubMed)
(15) High-fat feeding increases hepatic vitamin C synthesis and its circulatory mobilization in mice by Tranberg B1, Hansen AK, Lykkesfeldt J.(PubMed)
(16) Zinc, iron and vitamins A, C and e are associated with obesity, inflammation, lipid profile and insulin resistance in mexican school-aged children by García OP1, Ronquillo D, del Carmen Caamaño M, Martínez G, Camacho M, López V, Rosado JL.(PubMed)
(17) Anti-obesity effects of chitosan and psyllium husk with L-ascorbic acid in guinea pigs by Jun SC1, Jung EY, Hong YH, Park Y, Kang Dh, Chang UJ, Suh HJ.(PubMed)
(18) Fatal vitamin C-associated acute renal failure by McHugh GJ, Graber ML, Freebairn RC.(PubMed)
Epidemiological studies, linking herbal medicine, foods and vitamins in preventing and treating these diseases have been inconclusive(a)
Some researchers insisted that using herbs and supplements to induce weight loss should be taken with care, as a considerable number of reports have been published on hepatotoxicity associated with herbal products attributed with weight-reducing properties(4)(5)(6)(7). The College of Medicine, The Ohio State University insisted that various dietary, lifestyle, and psychologic factors are involved in the etiology of Prameha, particularly in relation to disturbances in fat and carbohydrate metabolism(8), without effective management, obtaining a workable weight loss plan may be extremely difficult.
Vitamin C, also known as L-ascorbic acid, is a water-soluble vitamin, found in fresh fruits, berries and green vegetables. It is best known for its free radical scavengers activity and regenerating oxidized vitamin E for immune support.
Vitamin C deficiency and incidence of obesity
Vitamin C and other nutrients deficiency not only is associated to the risk of Obesity(15) but also enhances the risk of lipids, inflammation and insulin resistance(16).
According to the research team at Universidad Autónoma de Querétaro, there is an associated link between Obesity and Zinc and vitamins A and C concentration in in women from rural Mexico, in a fasting blood sample analysis (11).
Although genetic susceptibility to obesity is associated with gene polymorphisms affecting biochemical pathways which also impacted by specific foods and nutrients. According to Dr. Johnston CS., vitamin C depletion is associated to positively related to body mass, individuals with adequate vitamin C status oxidize 30% more fat during a moderate exercise bout than individuals with low vitamin C status(10)
Vitamin C, the protective effect against obesity
Endothelial dysfunction has found to be associated to the incidence of obesity(12). The study of 76 healthy subjects (50 men and 26 women aged 21-45 years) obese subject, showed a positive effect of vitamin C and indomethacin in reduced oxidative stress contributed to endothelial dysfunction in human obesity(13).
In the evaluation of the potential inhibitory activity on α-glucosidase and pancreatic lipase by Citrus spp. fruits of Spanish origin, grapefruit, contained higher contents of phytochemicals such as vitamin C, is found to have a great value for nutrition and treatment of diet-related diseases(14).
L-Ascorbic acid in the study, whether would facilitate the anti-obesity effects of chitosan and psyllium husk in vivo, showed addition of vitamin C in diet influenced the reduction in body weight gain and food efficiency ratio, and the increase in total fecal weight and fecal fat excretion in guinea pigs fed a high-fat diet(16).
Taken altogether, deficiency of vitamin C and other nutriente is associated to increase risk of obese incidence. Vitamin C may be effective in induced weight loss for obese subjects due tom its positive interaction in inhibiting oxidative stress causes of endothelial dysfunction. Daily ingestion of high-dose vitamin C may be considered safe, but in rare incidence, overdoses in a prolonged period of time, may cause intra-renal oxalate crystal deposition, a fatal nephrotoxicity(18)(19).
Weight Loss the Easy Ways
Andrea Albright Featured on Health and Fitness Jan. 2015
will Personally Coach You How to Get There The Easy Way
If You Are Looking For a SoulMate
Celebrity Patti Stanger Will Coach You To Get Him/Her
and Keep Him/Her for Good,The Simple Way
Ovarian Cysts And PCOS Elimination
Holistic System In Existence That Will Show You How To
Permanently Eliminate All Types of Ovarian Cysts Within 2 Months
Back to Researched articles - Points of view of Vitamins, Foods and Herbs
http://kylejnorton.blogspot.ca/p/blog-page_24.html
Back to Kyle J. Norton Home page http://kylejnorton.blogspot.ca
References
(1) Rising Burden of Obesity in Asia by Ambady Ramachandran and Chamukuttan Snehalatha(Journey of Obesity)
(2) Obesity - Situation and trends(WHO)
(3) Influence of a combination of herbs on appetite suppression and weight loss in rats by Talpur NA1, Echard BW, Manohar V, Preuss HG.(PubMed)
(4) [Hepatotoxicity induced by herbs and medicines used to induce weight loss].[Article in Spanish]by Herrera S1, Bruguera M.(PubMed)
(5) A case report of adult lead toxicity following use of Ayurvedic herbal medication by Breeher L1, Gerr F, Fuortes L.(PubMed)
(6) [Chronic lead intoxication associated with Ayurvedic medication].[Article in Dutch] by Kanen BL1, Perenboom RM.(PubMed)
(7) Potential toxicity of caffeine when used as a dietary supplement for weight loss by Pendleton M1, Brown S, Thomas C, Odle B.(PubMed)
(8) Multinutrient supplement containing ephedra and caffeine causes weight loss and improves metabolic risk factors in obese women: a randomized controlled trial by Hackman RM1, Havel PJ, Schwartz HJ, Rutledge JC, Watnik MR, Noceti EM, Stohs SJ, Stern JS, Keen CL.(PubMed)
(9) Associations between body mass index and the prevalence of low micronutrient levels among US adults by Kimmons JE1, Blanck HM, Tohill BC, Zhang J, Khan LK.(PubMed)
(10) Strategies for healthy weight loss: from vitamin C to the glycemic response by Johnston CS.(PubMed)
(11) Zinc, vitamin A, and vitamin C status are associated with leptin concentrations and obesity in Mexican women: results from a cross-sectional study by García OP1, Ronquillo D, Caamaño Mdel C, Camacho M, Long KZ, Rosado JL.(PubMed)
(12) Mechanisms of endothelial dysfunction in obesity(Science direct)
(13) Obesity and body fat distribution induce endothelial dysfunction by oxidative stress: protective effect of vitamin C. by Perticone F1, Ceravolo R, Candigliota M, Ventura G, Iacopino S, Sinopoli F, Mattioli PL.(PubMed)
(14) Phytochemistry and biological activity of Spanish Citrus fruits by Gironés-Vilaplana A1, Moreno DA, García-Viguera C.(PubMed)
(15) High-fat feeding increases hepatic vitamin C synthesis and its circulatory mobilization in mice by Tranberg B1, Hansen AK, Lykkesfeldt J.(PubMed)
(16) Zinc, iron and vitamins A, C and e are associated with obesity, inflammation, lipid profile and insulin resistance in mexican school-aged children by García OP1, Ronquillo D, del Carmen Caamaño M, Martínez G, Camacho M, López V, Rosado JL.(PubMed)
(17) Anti-obesity effects of chitosan and psyllium husk with L-ascorbic acid in guinea pigs by Jun SC1, Jung EY, Hong YH, Park Y, Kang Dh, Chang UJ, Suh HJ.(PubMed)
(18) Fatal vitamin C-associated acute renal failure by McHugh GJ, Graber ML, Freebairn RC.(PubMed)
(19) Ascorbic acid overdosing: a risk factor for calcium oxalate nephrolithiasis by Urivetzky M, Kessaris D, Smith AD.(PubMed)
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