By Kyle J. Norton
The prevalence of extreme overweight and obesity has caused concerns of
scientific community in the South East Asian population, due unhealthy
diet and life style change over 2 decades of economic prosperity.
Overweight and obesity have reached epidemic proportions in many Asian
countries, affecting even younger age than in Western populations with
economic burden in the development of obesity-related disorders such as
diabetes, hypertension, and cardiovascular diseases(1). One of six
Malaysian are either extreme overweight or obese, according to Datin
Paduka Santha Kumari, chairman of the Selangor branch of the Malaysian
Diabetes Association and according to global health observatory, at
least 2.8 million people die each year as a result of being overweight
or obese, and an estimated 35.8 million (2.3%) of global DALYs are
caused by overweight or obesity, worldwide(2).
Epidemiological studies, linking herbal medicine, foods and vitamins in
preventing and treating these diseases have been inconclusive(a)
Some researchers suggested that intake of certain herbal medicine may
enhance appetite suppression. According to the Georgetown University
Medical Center, average daily food intake was decreased only with the
herbal formulation, not the phenylpropanolamine (PPA) at the low and
high doses, in comparison of the effectiveness among herbal formulation
and a commonly available(3). Other researchers insisted that using herbs
and supplements to induce weight loss should be taken with care, as a
considerable number of reports have been published on hepatotoxicity
associated with herbal products attributed with weight-reducing
properties(4)(5)(6)(7). The College of Medicine, The Ohio State
University insisted that various dietary, lifestyle, and psychologic
factors are involved in the etiology of Prameha, particularly in
relation to disturbances in fat and carbohydrate metabolism(8), without
effective management, obtaining a workable weight loss plan may be
extremely difficult.
1. Ephera (Ma Huang)
Ma Huang is also known as ephedra. The acrid, slightly bitter
and warm herb has been used in TCM to promote urination and sweating,
and rid of cold, sooth wheezing asthma, etc. as it calms dyspnea,
asthma, cough, etc., by enhancing the functions of lung and bladder
channels(9)
Ephedra sinica, the Chinese herb may be
effective in induced weigh loss. According to the Dongguk University,
certain chemicals found in Ephera showed an association with changes of
BW and BMI through alteration of gut microbiota varied by indigenous
microbiota of each subject(10). The combined study of a low-calorie diet
and Ephera, In 125 otherwise healthy obese women, showed effectively in
reducing BMI. RMR change not compensated for by the herbal medicines
tried. Resting metabolic rate (RMR) change seemed to be affected by
constitution and body composition rather than by medicine(11). The
Dongeui University study of composition GGEx18( Laminaria japonica,
Rheum palmatum, and Ephedra sinica) in
high fat diet-induced obese mice suggested that GGEx18 improves obesity
through skeletal muscle AMPK and AMPK-stimulated expression of PPARα and
its target enzymes for fatty acid oxidation, through inhibited lipid
accumulation, and similar activation of genes(12).
Please note that due to its adverse reactions of palpitations, stress,
headache and insomnia and stroke, heart attacks, cardiac arrhythmias,
seizures and psychotic, the Dutch Inspectorate for Health Care and the
Ministry of Health in Canada have recently requested a market recall of
some ephedrine-containing herbal products in response to above adverse
reactions. In the
Netherlands, the status of Ephedra-containing products is currently reconsidered(13).
2. Ginseng
Ginseng is a slow-growing perennial plants with fleshy roots, the genus
Panax, belonging to the family Araliaceae. Depending to the climate
where it grows, ginseng can be classified mainly into Panax ginseng
Asian ginseng (root), Red ginseng, wild ginseng, American ginseng
(root)(14).
In 10 obese middle-aged Korean women who took Panax ginseng extracts for 8 wk, showed effectively in influence on gut microbiota in promoting
weigh loss but depending to the composition of gut microbiota prior to ginseng intake(15). In mice fed on a high-fat diet, ginseng
saponin and ginsenosides not only exerted anti-obesity effects via the
modulation of physiological lipid metabolism in vivo or intracellular
signalling in cell culture systems, but also promoted anti-obesity
effects, through abnormal physiology via HFD. Leptin, insulin, and
adiponectin, which carry out critical functions in energy and lipid
metabolism(16).
3. Zingiber Officinale(Ginger
Ginger (Zingiber officinale) or ginger root is the genus
Zingiber, belonging to the family Zingiberaceae, native to Tamil. It
has been used in traditional and Chinese medicine to treat dyspepsia,
gastroparesis, constipation, edema, difficult urination, colic,
etc.(17).
According to the Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Slimax (extract
of several plants including Zingiber officinale and Bofutsushosan)
showed a significant decrease in body weight or inhibition of weight gain(18). The composition of multi-ingredient supplement containing primarily raspberry ketone, caffeine, capsaicin, garlic, ginger and Citrus aurantium, also found the improvements in body composition, waist and hip girth, in an eight-week diet and exercise weight loss program(19). In a comparison of the weight loss effect of Orlistat, a pharmacological agent promoting weight loss and ginger (Zingiber officinale Roscoe, Zingiberacae) in male albino rats, researchers at the Ain Shams University Cairo, found that ginger has a great ability to reduce body weight
without inhibiting pancreatic lipase level, or affecting bilirubin
concentration, with positive effect on increasing peroxisomal catalase
level and HDL-cholesterol(20).
4. Cissus quadrangularis (CQ)
Cissus quadrangularis is an ancient herb used to treat a variety of
indications, belonging to the grape family, probably native to India or
Sri Lanka. A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled design
involving 123 overweight and obese persons (47.2% male; 52.8% female;
ages 19-50). conducted by University of Yaoundé I, Cissus quadrangularis showed a
statistically significant net reductions in weight and central obesity, as well as causes of metabolic syndrome(21). In comparison of the effectiveness of Cissus quadrangularis-only and a Cissus quadrangularis/Irvingia gabonensis combination, on weight loss in overweight and obese human subjects, Cissus quadrangularis-only group showed significant reductions on all variables compared to the placebo group, the Cissus quadrangularis/Irvingia gabonensis combination resulted in even larger reductions(22). CQR-300, a proprietary extract of Cissus quadrangularis, also showed a significant reductions in weight
and blood glucose levels, while decreasing serum lipids thus improving
cardiovascular risk factors, according to the University of Yaoundé
I,(23).
5. Sambucus nigra
Elder also known as Common Elder, is a shrub or small tree of the genus Sambucus of 30 specie, belonging to the family Adoxaceae, native to the
temperate-to-subtropical regions of both the Northern Hemisphere and
the Southern Hemisphere. The herb has been used in traditional and herbal
medicine to treat constipation, colic, diarrhea, colds, flu, bronchial
and upper-respiratory, irritation of the skin, rheumatism, etc.
The composition of supplement with Sambucus nigra and Asparagus officinalis study, showed an effectiveness in reduced weight,
blood pressure, enhanced physical and emotional well-being and the
quality of life had significantly improved (ITT analysis)(24). The Tehran
University of Medical Sciences, Sambucus nigra study, showed a significant decrease in body weight in numbers of animal studies(25).
6. Asparagus officinalis
Asparagus is a flowering plant belong to species the genus Asparagus,
native to the western coasts of northern Spain, north to Ireland, Great
Britain, and northwest Germany, northern Africa and western Asia.
Asparagus has been used from early times as a vegetable and medicine,
because of its delicate flavour and diuretic properties(26). Asparagus officinalis L. powder tablets provided 19 mg saponins per day study showed an effectiveness of the tablets in reduced mean weight,
blood pressure, and enhanced physical and emotional well-being and the
quality of life with the rate of very good or good by most of the
completers(27). In 12 weeks supplementation of a botanical extract-based
weight loss formula, including Asparagus,
researchers at the Poznan University of Medical Science, indicated a
significantly change of the Body Composition Improvement Index (BCI),
induce greater weight loss than placebo, probably through a concurrently performed exercise program recommended strategy for life style modification(28).
7. Slimax
Slimax (extract of several plants
including Zingiber officinale and Bofutsushosan), in the reviews of the
data base of studies published, showed a significant decrease in body weight. In 41 animal studies, the formula was found to be effective in significant induced weight loss or inhibited of weight gain(29).
Taken altogether, the above herbs may be effectiveness in enhanced weight loss through suppression of appetite and improvement of symptoms induced by over weight and obesity. As always, all articles written by Kyle J. Norton are for information &
education only, please consult your Doctor & Related field
specialist before applying
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References
(1) Rising Burden of Obesity in Asia by Ambady Ramachandran and Chamukuttan Snehalatha(Journey of Obesity)
(2) Obesity - Situation and trends(WHO)
(3) Influence of a combination of herbs on appetite suppression and weight loss in rats by Talpur NA1, Echard BW, Manohar V, Preuss HG.(PubMed)
(4) [Hepatotoxicity induced by herbs and medicines used to induce weight loss].[Article in Spanish]by Herrera S1, Bruguera M.(PubMed)
(5) A case report of adult lead toxicity following use of Ayurvedic herbal medication by Breeher L1, Gerr F, Fuortes L.(PubMed)
(6) [Chronic lead intoxication associated with Ayurvedic medication].[Article in Dutch] by Kanen BL1, Perenboom RM.(PubMed)
(7) Potential toxicity of caffeine when used as a dietary supplement for weight loss by Pendleton M1, Brown S, Thomas C, Odle B.(PubMed)
(8) Multinutrient supplement containing ephedra and caffeine causes weight loss and improves metabolic risk factors in obese women: a randomized controlled trial by Hackman RM1, Havel PJ, Schwartz HJ, Rutledge JC, Watnik MR, Noceti EM, Stohs SJ, Stern JS, Keen CL.(PubMed)
(9) Ma Huang(Popular Chinese herbs)
(10) Prameha in Ayurveda: correlation with obesity, metabolic syndrome, and diabetes mellitus. Part 2--management of Prameha by Sharma H1, Chandola HM.(PubMed)
(11) Effect of herbal Ephedra sinica and
Evodia rutaecarpa on body composition and resting metabolic rate: a
randomized, double-blind clinical trial in Korean premenopausal women by
Kim HJ1, Park JM, Kim JA, Ko BP(PubMed)
(12) The herbal composition GGEx18 from Laminaria japonica, Rheum palmatum, and Ephedra sinica reduces obesity via skeletal muscle AMPK and PPARα by Shin SS1, Park D, Lee HY, Hong Y, Choi J, Oh J, Lee H, Lee HR, Kim MR, Shen ZB, Cui HH, Yoon M.(PubMed)
(13) [Ephedrine and ephedra in weight loss products and other preparations].[Article in Dutch] by van der Hooft CS1, Stricker BH.(PubMed)
(14) Ginseng, Asian (Panax ginseng) and Ginseng, North America(Popular Chinese Herbs)
(15) Influence of Panax ginseng on obesity and gut microbiota in obese middle-aged Korean women by Song MY1, Kim BS2, Kim H(PubMed)
(16) Lipid metabolic effect of Korean red ginseng extract in mice fed on a high-fat diet by Song YB1, An YR, Kim SJ, Park HW, Jung JW, Kyung JS, Hwang SY, Kim YS.(PubMed)
(17) Popular #Herbs - #Ginger (Zingiber officinale)(Popular Chinese herbs)
(18) A systematic review of the efficacy and safety of herbal medicines used in the treatment of obesity by Hasani-Ranjbar S1, Nayebi N, Larijani B, Abdollahi M.(PubMed)
(19) Eight weeks of supplementation with a multi-ingredient weight loss
product enhances body composition, reduces hip and waist girth, and
increases energy levels in overweight men and women by Lopez HL1, Ziegenfuss TN, Hofheins JE, Habowski SM, Arent SM, Weir JP, Ferrando AA.(PubMed)
(20) Comparative evaluation of the efficacy of ginger and orlistat on obesity management, pancreatic lipase and liver peroxisomal catalase enzyme in male albino rats by Mahmoud RH1, Elnour WA.(PubMed)
(21) The use of a Cissus quadrangularis formulation in the management of weight loss and metabolic syndrome by Oben J1, Kuate D, Agbor G, Momo C, Talla X.(PubMed)
(22) The use of a Cissus quadrangularis/Irvingia gabonensis combination in the management of weight loss: a double-blind placebo-controlled study. by Oben JE1, Ngondi JL, Momo CN, Agbor GA, Sobgui CS.(PubMed)
(23) The effect of Cissus quadrangularis (CQR-300) and a Cissus formulation (CORE) on obesity and obesity-induced oxidative stress by Oben JE1, Enyegue DM, Fomekong GI, Soukontoua YB, Agbor GA.(PubMed)
(24) An observational study and quantification of the actives in a supplement with Sambucus nigra and Asparagus officinalis used for weight reduction by Chrubasik C1, Maier T, Dawid C, Torda T, Schieber A, Hofmann T, Chrubasik S.(PubMed)
(25) A systematic review of the efficacy and safety of herbal medicines used in the treatment of obesity by Hasani-Ranjbar S1, Nayebi N, Larijani B, Abdollahi M(PubMed)
(26) #Healthy #Foods - Vegetables - Asparagus (Asparagus officinalis)(health tips for better living and living health)
(27) An observational study and quantification of the actives in a supplement with Sambucus nigra and Asparagus officinalis used for weight reduction by Chrubasik C1, Maier T, Dawid C, Torda T, Schieber A, Hofmann T, Chrubasik S.(PubMed)
(28) Efficacy of 12 weeks supplementation of a botanical extract-based weight loss formula on body weight,
body composition and blood chemistry in healthy, overweight subjects--a
randomised double-blind placebo-controlled clinical trial by Opala T1, Rzymski P, Pischel I, Wilczak M, Wozniak J.(PubMed)
(29) A systematic review of the efficacy and safety of herbal medicines used in the treatment of obesity by Hasani-Ranjbar S1, Nayebi N, Larijani B, Abdollahi M.(PubMed)
Friday, 2 May 2014
Spinach salad
Company Coming salads by Jean Pare
Not the usual spinach salad. Different and tastier.
Dressing
1/2 cup (125 ml) salad dressing (or mayonnaise)
1/4 cup (60 ml) commercial coleslaw dressing
1/4 tsp. (1 ml) dill weed
Salad
6 cups (1.5 ml) spinach leaves, torn and lightly packed
1/4 cups (60 ml) grated Swiss cheese
1 cup (250 ml) fresh sliced mushrooms
6 bacon slice, cooked and crumbled
2. hard- boiled eggs, chopped
Dressing: Combined all 3 ingredients in a small bowl. Stir. Set aside.
salad: Place spinach in a large bowl. Add about 3/4 dressing. Toss to coat. pile onto 4 to 6sald plates
Sprinkle Swiss cheese over top. Sprinkle with mushrooms, bacon and egg. Drizzle remaining dressing over top. Serve immediately. Serve 4 to 6.
Variation: Swiss cheese may be omitted. Double amount of Cheddar for equally good results.
Romaine salad: substitute Romaine lettuce for spinach leaves. Delicious and easier to obtain at time than spinach.
Ovarian Cysts And PCOS Elimination
Holistic System In Existence That Will Show You How To
Permanently Eliminate All Types of Ovarian Cysts Within 2 Months
Back to Tons of recipes
http://kylejnorton.blogspot.ca/p/recipes.html
Back to Kyle J. Norton Home page http://kylejnorton.blogspot.ca
Not the usual spinach salad. Different and tastier.
Dressing
1/2 cup (125 ml) salad dressing (or mayonnaise)
1/4 cup (60 ml) commercial coleslaw dressing
1/4 tsp. (1 ml) dill weed
Salad
6 cups (1.5 ml) spinach leaves, torn and lightly packed
1/4 cups (60 ml) grated Swiss cheese
1 cup (250 ml) fresh sliced mushrooms
6 bacon slice, cooked and crumbled
2. hard- boiled eggs, chopped
Dressing: Combined all 3 ingredients in a small bowl. Stir. Set aside.
salad: Place spinach in a large bowl. Add about 3/4 dressing. Toss to coat. pile onto 4 to 6sald plates
Sprinkle Swiss cheese over top. Sprinkle with mushrooms, bacon and egg. Drizzle remaining dressing over top. Serve immediately. Serve 4 to 6.
Variation: Swiss cheese may be omitted. Double amount of Cheddar for equally good results.
Romaine salad: substitute Romaine lettuce for spinach leaves. Delicious and easier to obtain at time than spinach.
Ovarian Cysts And PCOS Elimination
Holistic System In Existence That Will Show You How To
Permanently Eliminate All Types of Ovarian Cysts Within 2 Months
Back to Tons of recipes
http://kylejnorton.blogspot.ca/p/recipes.html
Back to Kyle J. Norton Home page http://kylejnorton.blogspot.ca
Button mushroom and Anti-inflammatory activities
Mushroom is a standard name of white button mushroom, the fleshy,
spore-bearing fruiting body of a fungus produced above ground on soil
or on its food source, It is a genus A. Muscaria and belong to the
family Amanitaceae and has been cultivation in many cultures all over the world for foods and health benefits.
Nutrients
1. Carbohydrates
2. Protein
3. Thiamine (Vitamin B1)
4. Riboflavin (Vitamin B2)
5. Niacin (Vitamin B3)
6. Pantothenic acid (Vitamin B5)
7. Calcium
8. Phosphorus
9. Potassium
10. Sodium
11. Selenium
12. Iron
13. Copper
14. Zinc
15. Etc.
Chemical constituents
Astraodorol, Psilocybin, Lectin, adustin, ribonuclease, nicotine, 2-hydroxy-4-methoxy-6-methylbenzoic acid, orsellinic acid, melleolide, ergosterol, genistein, daidzein, daucosterol, genistin, uracil and D-mannitol(a).
Chronic inflammatory processes contribute to the pathogenesis of many age-related diseases. Button mushroom showed to retain anti-inflammatory activities even after 'cooking', allowing its active compounds to reach therapeutic levels in target tissues, through inhibited NO production, according to selection of 115 samples prepared by a generic food-compatible processing method involving heating by University of Western Sydney(1). Ethanolic extract of white button mushroom, also showed a significantly enhanced the activities of antioxidant enzymes in serums, livers and hearts of administration of mice, in vitro and vivo(2).
Ovarian Cysts And PCOS Elimination
Holistic System In Existence That Will Show You How To
Permanently Eliminate All Types of Ovarian Cysts Within 2 Months
Back to Researched articles - Points of view of Vitamins, Foods and Herbs http://kylejnorton.blogspot.ca/p/blog-page_24.html
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References
(a) [Chemical constituents from fungus Armillaria mellea]. by [Article in Chinese] by Yuan XL1, Yan LH, Zhang QW, Wang ZM.(PubMed)
(1) Determination of anti-inflammatory activities of standardised preparations of plant- and mushroom-based foods by Gunawardena D1, Shanmugam K, Low M, Bennett L, Govindaraghavan S, Head R, Ooi L, Münch G.(PubMed)
(2) In vitro and in vivo antioxidant activity of ethanolic extract of white button mushroom (Agaricus bisporus) by Liu J1, Jia L, Kan J, Jin CH.(PubMed)
Nutrients
1. Carbohydrates
2. Protein
3. Thiamine (Vitamin B1)
4. Riboflavin (Vitamin B2)
5. Niacin (Vitamin B3)
6. Pantothenic acid (Vitamin B5)
7. Calcium
8. Phosphorus
9. Potassium
10. Sodium
11. Selenium
12. Iron
13. Copper
14. Zinc
15. Etc.
Chemical constituents
Astraodorol, Psilocybin, Lectin, adustin, ribonuclease, nicotine, 2-hydroxy-4-methoxy-6-methylbenzoic acid, orsellinic acid, melleolide, ergosterol, genistein, daidzein, daucosterol, genistin, uracil and D-mannitol(a).
Chronic inflammatory processes contribute to the pathogenesis of many age-related diseases. Button mushroom showed to retain anti-inflammatory activities even after 'cooking', allowing its active compounds to reach therapeutic levels in target tissues, through inhibited NO production, according to selection of 115 samples prepared by a generic food-compatible processing method involving heating by University of Western Sydney(1). Ethanolic extract of white button mushroom, also showed a significantly enhanced the activities of antioxidant enzymes in serums, livers and hearts of administration of mice, in vitro and vivo(2).
Ovarian Cysts And PCOS Elimination
Holistic System In Existence That Will Show You How To
Permanently Eliminate All Types of Ovarian Cysts Within 2 Months
Back to Researched articles - Points of view of Vitamins, Foods and Herbs http://kylejnorton.blogspot.ca/p/blog-page_24.html
Back to Kyle J. Norton Home page http://kylejnorton.blogspot.ca
References
(a) [Chemical constituents from fungus Armillaria mellea]. by [Article in Chinese] by Yuan XL1, Yan LH, Zhang QW, Wang ZM.(PubMed)
(1) Determination of anti-inflammatory activities of standardised preparations of plant- and mushroom-based foods by Gunawardena D1, Shanmugam K, Low M, Bennett L, Govindaraghavan S, Head R, Ooi L, Münch G.(PubMed)
(2) In vitro and in vivo antioxidant activity of ethanolic extract of white button mushroom (Agaricus bisporus) by Liu J1, Jia L, Kan J, Jin CH.(PubMed)
Thursday, 1 May 2014
Papaya and Cancers
Kyle J. Norton
Even with no clinical or animal cancer studies but in vitro, papaya extract may be the next potential pharmacological target to identify the ingredients for treatment of cancers(2). According to the World center fund International, in 2012, there was 14.1 million cancer cases, affecting 7.4 million in men and 6.7 million in women. This number is expected to increase to 24 million by 2035(3).
Its nutrients including Vitamin A, Thiamine (Vitamin B1), Riboflavin (Vitamin B2), Niacin (Vitamin B3), Vitamin B6, Vitamin C, Iron, Magnesium, Phosphorus, Potassium, etc. and major chemical constituent and ethanol extract including benzylisothiocyanate are said to exhibit immunomodulatory, anti-inflammatory, anti hyperlipidemic, anti cellular oxidative stress, anti neural tube defect, etc. effects(1).
Papaya, a species of Carica Papaya, belonging to the family Caricaceae, native to the tropics of the Americas, has been used in traditional medicine as remedies for many various ailments, including gastric problems, inflammation, and cancer(12).
Aqueous extract, according to University of Tokyo, on various tumor cell lines, showed to inhibit significant growth activity, through immunomodulatory effects including, interleukin 12 (also known as natural killer cell stimulatory factor 2), IL-12p70(a heterodimer), IFN-gamma(regulation of immunologically relevant genes) and TNF-alpha(innate immune response against viral infection)(4).
Fermented papaya, a traditional dish of many Southeast Asian cultures, is said to process antioxidant and immune-modulating potentials, through influence of signaling cascades associated with cell growth and survival, from epidemiological and in-vitro studies of patient with diabetes(5). In Azoxymethane (AOM) induced colon cancer in rats, papaya peel extract (PapPE), showed a significantly ameliorated the cytotoxic effects of AOM, through its potent anti-oxidant activities in reduction of oxidative stress (glutathione depletion, lipid peroxidation)(6).
In cultured human lung cancer H69 cell, Benzyl glucosinolate (BG) found in the pulp and the seed of papaya, inhibited cancer cell proliferation in an administration of doses of 6.5 μmol(7), probably through its effect in superoxide generation and apoptosis induction(8). Benzylisothiocyanate (BITC), another chemical constituent also mediated apoptosis of prostate and pancreases cancer cells through activation both procaspase-8 pathways(initiation of apoptosis) and cell cycle arrest(9), inhibited advanced ovarian cancer cell lines through activation of caspase-3(activation in the apoptotic cell) and -9(activation of apoptotic process), and cleavage of PARP-1(repair of DNA damage)(10) and breast cancer through generation of reactive oxygen species and cleavage of caspase-9, caspase-8, and caspase-3(11).
Dr/ Nguyen and the research team at The University of Queensland told PubMed "(The) extract-based or specific compound-based investigations and emphasizes the aspects (of papaya) that warrant future research to explore the bioactives in C. papaya for their anticancer activities"(2).
Taken altogether, fermented papaya and it major chemical constituents such as Benzyl glucosinolate (BG) and Benzylisothiocyanate (BITC) may be effective in reduced risk and treatment for certain types of cancer, through cell cycle arrest and unregulated apoptotic pathways but further studies with large sample size and muti centers are necessary to identify the main ingredients in comparison of currently pharmacological medicine use to improve its validation. As always, all articles written by Kyle J. Norton are for information & education only, please consult your Doctor & Related field specialist before applying.
Ovarian Cysts And PCOS Elimination
Holistic System In Existence That Will Show You How To
Permanently Eliminate All Types of Ovarian Cysts Within 2 Months
Back to Researched articles - Points of view of Vitamins, Foods and Herbs http://kylejnorton.blogspot.ca/p/blog-page_24.html
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References
(1) #Healthy #Foods - Fruits - Papaya (Carica Papaya)(Better living and living health)
(2) Anticancer activity of Carica papaya: a review by Nguyen TT1, Shaw PN, Parat MO, Hewavitharana AK.(PubMed)
(3) Cancer statistics Worldwide(World center fund International)
(4) Aqueous extract of Carica papaya leaves exhibits anti-tumor activity and immunomodulatory effects by Otsuki N, Dang NH, Kumagai E, Kondo A, Iwata S, Morimoto C.(PubMed)
(5) Diabetes as a risk factor to cancer: Functional role of fermented papaya preparation as phytonutraceutical adjunct in the treatment of diabetes and cancer by Aruoma OI, Somanah J, Bourdon E, Rondeau P, Bahorun T(PubMed)
(6) Amelioration of azoxymethane induced-carcinogenesis by reducing oxidative stress in rat colon by natural extracts by Waly MI, Al-Rawahi AS, Al Riyami M, Al-Kindi MA, Al-Issaei HK, Farooq SA, Al-Alawi A, Rahman MS.(PubMed)
(7) Content determination of benzyl glucosinolate and anti-cancer activity of its hydrolysis product in Carica papaya L, by Li ZY1, Wang Y, Shen WT, Zhou P.(PubMed)
(8) Papaya seed represents a rich source of biologically active isothiocyanate by Nakamura Y, Yoshimoto M, Murata Y, Shimoishi Y, Asai Y, Park EY, Sato K, Nakamura Y.(PubMed)
(9) Dietary isothiocyanate mediated apoptosis of human cancer cells is associated with Bcl-xL phosphorylation by Basu A, Haldar S.(PubMed)
(10) Benzyl isothiocyanate (BITC) induces apoptosis in ovarian cancer cells in vitro by Kalkunte S, Swamy N, Dizon DS, Brard L(PubMed)
(11) Benzyl isothiocyanate-induced apoptosis in human breast cancer cells is initiated by reactive oxygen species and regulated by Bax and Bak by Xiao D1, Vogel V, Singh SV.(PubMed)
(12) Ficus carica L. (Moraceae): Phytochemistry, Traditional Uses and Biological Activities by Mawa S, Husain K, Jantan I.(PubMed)
Even with no clinical or animal cancer studies but in vitro, papaya extract may be the next potential pharmacological target to identify the ingredients for treatment of cancers(2). According to the World center fund International, in 2012, there was 14.1 million cancer cases, affecting 7.4 million in men and 6.7 million in women. This number is expected to increase to 24 million by 2035(3).
Its nutrients including Vitamin A, Thiamine (Vitamin B1), Riboflavin (Vitamin B2), Niacin (Vitamin B3), Vitamin B6, Vitamin C, Iron, Magnesium, Phosphorus, Potassium, etc. and major chemical constituent and ethanol extract including benzylisothiocyanate are said to exhibit immunomodulatory, anti-inflammatory, anti hyperlipidemic, anti cellular oxidative stress, anti neural tube defect, etc. effects(1).
Papaya, a species of Carica Papaya, belonging to the family Caricaceae, native to the tropics of the Americas, has been used in traditional medicine as remedies for many various ailments, including gastric problems, inflammation, and cancer(12).
Aqueous extract, according to University of Tokyo, on various tumor cell lines, showed to inhibit significant growth activity, through immunomodulatory effects including, interleukin 12 (also known as natural killer cell stimulatory factor 2), IL-12p70(a heterodimer), IFN-gamma(regulation of immunologically relevant genes) and TNF-alpha(innate immune response against viral infection)(4).
Fermented papaya, a traditional dish of many Southeast Asian cultures, is said to process antioxidant and immune-modulating potentials, through influence of signaling cascades associated with cell growth and survival, from epidemiological and in-vitro studies of patient with diabetes(5). In Azoxymethane (AOM) induced colon cancer in rats, papaya peel extract (PapPE), showed a significantly ameliorated the cytotoxic effects of AOM, through its potent anti-oxidant activities in reduction of oxidative stress (glutathione depletion, lipid peroxidation)(6).
In cultured human lung cancer H69 cell, Benzyl glucosinolate (BG) found in the pulp and the seed of papaya, inhibited cancer cell proliferation in an administration of doses of 6.5 μmol(7), probably through its effect in superoxide generation and apoptosis induction(8). Benzylisothiocyanate (BITC), another chemical constituent also mediated apoptosis of prostate and pancreases cancer cells through activation both procaspase-8 pathways(initiation of apoptosis) and cell cycle arrest(9), inhibited advanced ovarian cancer cell lines through activation of caspase-3(activation in the apoptotic cell) and -9(activation of apoptotic process), and cleavage of PARP-1(repair of DNA damage)(10) and breast cancer through generation of reactive oxygen species and cleavage of caspase-9, caspase-8, and caspase-3(11).
Dr/ Nguyen and the research team at The University of Queensland told PubMed "(The) extract-based or specific compound-based investigations and emphasizes the aspects (of papaya) that warrant future research to explore the bioactives in C. papaya for their anticancer activities"(2).
Taken altogether, fermented papaya and it major chemical constituents such as Benzyl glucosinolate (BG) and Benzylisothiocyanate (BITC) may be effective in reduced risk and treatment for certain types of cancer, through cell cycle arrest and unregulated apoptotic pathways but further studies with large sample size and muti centers are necessary to identify the main ingredients in comparison of currently pharmacological medicine use to improve its validation. As always, all articles written by Kyle J. Norton are for information & education only, please consult your Doctor & Related field specialist before applying.
Ovarian Cysts And PCOS Elimination
Holistic System In Existence That Will Show You How To
Permanently Eliminate All Types of Ovarian Cysts Within 2 Months
Back to Researched articles - Points of view of Vitamins, Foods and Herbs http://kylejnorton.blogspot.ca/p/blog-page_24.html
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References
(1) #Healthy #Foods - Fruits - Papaya (Carica Papaya)(Better living and living health)
(2) Anticancer activity of Carica papaya: a review by Nguyen TT1, Shaw PN, Parat MO, Hewavitharana AK.(PubMed)
(3) Cancer statistics Worldwide(World center fund International)
(4) Aqueous extract of Carica papaya leaves exhibits anti-tumor activity and immunomodulatory effects by Otsuki N, Dang NH, Kumagai E, Kondo A, Iwata S, Morimoto C.(PubMed)
(5) Diabetes as a risk factor to cancer: Functional role of fermented papaya preparation as phytonutraceutical adjunct in the treatment of diabetes and cancer by Aruoma OI, Somanah J, Bourdon E, Rondeau P, Bahorun T(PubMed)
(6) Amelioration of azoxymethane induced-carcinogenesis by reducing oxidative stress in rat colon by natural extracts by Waly MI, Al-Rawahi AS, Al Riyami M, Al-Kindi MA, Al-Issaei HK, Farooq SA, Al-Alawi A, Rahman MS.(PubMed)
(7) Content determination of benzyl glucosinolate and anti-cancer activity of its hydrolysis product in Carica papaya L, by Li ZY1, Wang Y, Shen WT, Zhou P.(PubMed)
(8) Papaya seed represents a rich source of biologically active isothiocyanate by Nakamura Y, Yoshimoto M, Murata Y, Shimoishi Y, Asai Y, Park EY, Sato K, Nakamura Y.(PubMed)
(9) Dietary isothiocyanate mediated apoptosis of human cancer cells is associated with Bcl-xL phosphorylation by Basu A, Haldar S.(PubMed)
(10) Benzyl isothiocyanate (BITC) induces apoptosis in ovarian cancer cells in vitro by Kalkunte S, Swamy N, Dizon DS, Brard L(PubMed)
(11) Benzyl isothiocyanate-induced apoptosis in human breast cancer cells is initiated by reactive oxygen species and regulated by Bax and Bak by Xiao D1, Vogel V, Singh SV.(PubMed)
(12) Ficus carica L. (Moraceae): Phytochemistry, Traditional Uses and Biological Activities by Mawa S, Husain K, Jantan I.(PubMed)
Super Nachos
Recipe by Quick and easy family favorites by Vickie and JoAnn
Keep these simple ingredients around for a quick & easy snack the whole family will enjoy
2 (10-inch) flour tortillas
3/4 c. salsa
4.5-oz. can green chiles, drained and diced
1/2 c. sliced black olives
1 c. shredded Monterey Jack cheese
Place tortilla on an ungreased baking sheet: spread salsa over tortilla.prinkle chiles and olives over salsa; top with cheese.
bake at 425 degrees for 10 minutes or until tortillas are crisp and cheese is melted. Use a pizza cutter to slice each into 8 wedges.
Make 8 appetizer servings
Mary Murray
Gooseberry Patch
Ovarian Cysts And PCOS Elimination
Holistic System In Existence That Will Show You How To
Permanently Eliminate All Types of Ovarian Cysts Within 2 Months
Back to Tons of recipes
http://kylejnorton.blogspot.ca/p/recipes.html
Back to Kyle J. Norton Home page http://kylejnorton.blogspot.ca
Keep these simple ingredients around for a quick & easy snack the whole family will enjoy
2 (10-inch) flour tortillas
3/4 c. salsa
4.5-oz. can green chiles, drained and diced
1/2 c. sliced black olives
1 c. shredded Monterey Jack cheese
Place tortilla on an ungreased baking sheet: spread salsa over tortilla.prinkle chiles and olives over salsa; top with cheese.
bake at 425 degrees for 10 minutes or until tortillas are crisp and cheese is melted. Use a pizza cutter to slice each into 8 wedges.
Make 8 appetizer servings
Mary Murray
Gooseberry Patch
Ovarian Cysts And PCOS Elimination
Holistic System In Existence That Will Show You How To
Permanently Eliminate All Types of Ovarian Cysts Within 2 Months
Back to Tons of recipes
http://kylejnorton.blogspot.ca/p/recipes.html
Back to Kyle J. Norton Home page http://kylejnorton.blogspot.ca
Button Mushroom's Immunological effects
Mushroom is a standard name of white button mushroom, the fleshy,
spore-bearing fruiting body of a fungus produced above ground on soil
or on its food source, It is a genus A. Muscaria and belong to the
family Amanitaceae and has been cultivation in many cultures all over the world for foods and health benefits.
Nutrients
1. Carbohydrates
2. Protein
3. Thiamine (Vitamin B1)
4. Riboflavin (Vitamin B2)
5. Niacin (Vitamin B3)
6. Pantothenic acid (Vitamin B5)
7. Calcium
8. Phosphorus
9. Potassium
10. Sodium
11. Selenium
12. Iron
13. Copper
14. Zinc
15. Etc.
Chemical constituents
Astraodorol, Psilocybin, Lectin, adustin, ribonuclease, nicotine, 2-hydroxy-4-methoxy-6-methylbenzoic acid, orsellinic acid, melleolide, ergosterol, genistein, daidzein, daucosterol, genistin, uracil and D-mannitol(a).
Button Mushroom and Immunologic effects
The immune system is the set of cells and their activity against antigens or infectious agents that comprises of the body's defense system against diseases. The immune system does a great job of keeping people healthy and preventing infections. Beside foods and nutritional supplements, herbs also play a important role in helping the immune system defend against viruses and bacteria attacks.
In number of studies, Mushrooms have been shown to enhance immune response. according to Jean Mayer USDA Human Nutrition Research Center on Aging at Tufts University, white button mushroom showed to enhance both innate and T cell-mediated immunity leading to a more efficient surveillance and defense mechanism against microbial invasion and tumor development, through promotion of DC maturation and enhance their antigen-presenting function.(1). A. bisporus polysaccharides isolated from white button mushrooms, exhibited macrophage immunomodulating and antitumor activities, through stimulation the production of nitric oxide, interleukin-6, and tumor necrosis factor-α via activation of nuclear factor-κB with the production p50/105 heterodimers(2).
Ovarian Cysts And PCOS Elimination
Holistic System In Existence That Will Show You How To
Permanently Eliminate All Types of Ovarian Cysts Within 2 Months
Back to Researched articles - Points of view of Vitamins, Foods and Herbs http://kylejnorton.blogspot.ca/p/blog-page_24.html
Back to Kyle J. Norton Home page http://kylejnorton.blogspot.ca
References
(a) [Chemical constituents from fungus Armillaria mellea]. by [Article in Chinese] by Yuan XL1, Yan LH, Zhang QW, Wang ZM.(PubMed)
(1) White button mushroom enhances maturation of bone marrow-derived dendritic cells and their antigen presenting function in mice by Ren Z1, Guo Z, Meydani SN, Wu D.(PubMed)
(2) Macrophage immunomodulating and antitumor activities of polysaccharides isolated from Agaricus bisporus white button mushrooms by Jeong SC1, Koyyalamudi SR, Jeong YT, Song CH, Pang G(PubMed)
Nutrients
1. Carbohydrates
2. Protein
3. Thiamine (Vitamin B1)
4. Riboflavin (Vitamin B2)
5. Niacin (Vitamin B3)
6. Pantothenic acid (Vitamin B5)
7. Calcium
8. Phosphorus
9. Potassium
10. Sodium
11. Selenium
12. Iron
13. Copper
14. Zinc
15. Etc.
Chemical constituents
Astraodorol, Psilocybin, Lectin, adustin, ribonuclease, nicotine, 2-hydroxy-4-methoxy-6-methylbenzoic acid, orsellinic acid, melleolide, ergosterol, genistein, daidzein, daucosterol, genistin, uracil and D-mannitol(a).
Button Mushroom and Immunologic effects
The immune system is the set of cells and their activity against antigens or infectious agents that comprises of the body's defense system against diseases. The immune system does a great job of keeping people healthy and preventing infections. Beside foods and nutritional supplements, herbs also play a important role in helping the immune system defend against viruses and bacteria attacks.
In number of studies, Mushrooms have been shown to enhance immune response. according to Jean Mayer USDA Human Nutrition Research Center on Aging at Tufts University, white button mushroom showed to enhance both innate and T cell-mediated immunity leading to a more efficient surveillance and defense mechanism against microbial invasion and tumor development, through promotion of DC maturation and enhance their antigen-presenting function.(1). A. bisporus polysaccharides isolated from white button mushrooms, exhibited macrophage immunomodulating and antitumor activities, through stimulation the production of nitric oxide, interleukin-6, and tumor necrosis factor-α via activation of nuclear factor-κB with the production p50/105 heterodimers(2).
Ovarian Cysts And PCOS Elimination
Holistic System In Existence That Will Show You How To
Permanently Eliminate All Types of Ovarian Cysts Within 2 Months
Back to Researched articles - Points of view of Vitamins, Foods and Herbs http://kylejnorton.blogspot.ca/p/blog-page_24.html
Back to Kyle J. Norton Home page http://kylejnorton.blogspot.ca
References
(a) [Chemical constituents from fungus Armillaria mellea]. by [Article in Chinese] by Yuan XL1, Yan LH, Zhang QW, Wang ZM.(PubMed)
(1) White button mushroom enhances maturation of bone marrow-derived dendritic cells and their antigen presenting function in mice by Ren Z1, Guo Z, Meydani SN, Wu D.(PubMed)
(2) Macrophage immunomodulating and antitumor activities of polysaccharides isolated from Agaricus bisporus white button mushrooms by Jeong SC1, Koyyalamudi SR, Jeong YT, Song CH, Pang G(PubMed)
Wednesday, 30 April 2014
Cervical cancer in Vitamin B12 Points of View
According to the American Cancer Society's, in 2014, 12,360 new cases
of invasive cervical cancer will be diagnosed with the death of 4,020
patients. The risk of cervical cancer is higher in Hispanic
women followed by African-Americans, Asians and Pacific Islanders, and
whites(1).
Vitamin B12, also known as cobalamin, a water-soluble vitamin, found abundantly in a variety of foods, such as fish, shellfish, meat, eggs, dairy products, etc. plays an important role in regulating the functions of nervous system and formation of blood.
Epidemiological studies focusing vitamin B12 in reduced risk of cervical cancer have produced conflict results(a)(b)(c)(d). Mahidol University, showed that lower levels of serum of vitamin B12 may be associated to the risk of cervical cancer, in the vitamin B12 statuses of Thai women with high- and low-grade cervical dysplasia study(1). Other researchers suggested that there may be a link between serum concentrations of folate, vitamin B12, and homocysteine and the risk of cervical cancer due to vitamins role in role in the synthesis and repair of DNA. In a a community-based cohort of women who donated blood in 1974 for a serum bank in Washington County, Maryland, 39 cases of cervical cancer diagnosed between 1975 and mid-1990 were included in the study (13 cases of invasive cervical cancer and 26 cases of carcinoma in situ). vitamin B12 was found to mimic those for folate and lower homocysteine, a marker of low B vitamin concentrations was associated to increased risk of the disease(1). In cervical cancer progression, folate showed to have an influence on B12 levels but not those of MTHFR polymorphisms, serum homocysteine(3). Improving folate and vitamin B12 status may have a beneficial impact on the prevention of CC, because of their role in interventions of HR-HPV infections(4)(5). The National Cancer Center, Goyang, Korea, showed a positive effect of vitamins intake in protection of on cervical neoplasms in case-control studies due to antioxidant activities(6). Other researchers suggested the lower levels of vitamin B12 and folate may be due to abnormal Intestinal malabsorptionof that can lead to deficiency and reduced length of survival(7). On the other hand, the University of Hawai study indicated that thiamin, riboflavin, folate, and vitamin B12 may play a protective role in cervical carcinogenesis(8). Unfortunately, the Arizona Cancer Center study do not support the role of folate, vitamin B12, or homocysteine in HPV persistence or cervical dysplasia(9), the leading cause of cervical cancer.
Taken altogether, intake of vitamin B12 may be effective in reduced risk and treatment of cervical cancer when used conjunction with folate. Over doses of the vitamin may induce symptoms of toxicity, including headache, giddiness and abnormal heart functioning, etc., please make sure to follow the guideline of the Institute of Medicine of the National Academies.
Ovarian Cysts And PCOS Elimination
Holistic System In Existence That Will Show You How To
Permanently Eliminate All Types of Ovarian Cysts Within 2 Months
Back to Researched articles - Points of view of Vitamins, Foods and Herbs
http://kylejnorton.blogspot.ca/p/blog-page_24.html
Back to Kyle J. Norton Home page http://kylejnorton.blogspot.ca
References
(1) Cerical cancer (Amerrican cancer society)
(a) Diet and premalignant lesions of the cervix: evidence of a protective role for folate, riboflavin, thiamin, and vitamin B12 by Hernandez BY1, McDuffie K, Wilkens LR, Kamemoto L, Goodman MT.(PubMed)
(b) A case control study of nutritional factors and cervical dysplasia by Liu T1, Soong SJ, Wilson NP, Craig CB, Cole P, Macaluso M, Butterworth CE Jr.(PubMed)
(c) [Chemoprevention of cervical cancer--intervention study of cervical precancerous lesions by retinamide II and riboflavin].[Article in Chinese] byChen RD.(PubMed)
(d) Epidemiologic studies of vitamins and cancer of the lung, esophagus, and cervix by Ziegler RG.(PubMed)
(1) Vitamin B12 status of Thai women with neoplasia of the cervix uteri by Kwanbunjan K1, Saengkar P, Cheeramakara C, Tangjitgamol S, Chitcharoenrung K.(PubMed)
(2) The risk of cervical cancer in relation to serum concentrations of folate, vitamin B12, and homocysteine by Alberg AJ1, Selhub J, Shah KV, Viscidi RP, Comstock GW, Helzlsouer KJ.(PubMed)
(3) A case-control nutrigenomic study on the synergistic activity of folate and vitamin B12 in cervical cancer progression by Ragasudha PN1, Thulaseedharan JV, Wesley R, Jayaprakash PG, Lalitha P, Pillai MR.(PubMed)
(4) Indian women with higher serum concentrations of folate and vitamin B12 are significantly less likely to be infected with carcinogenic or high-risk (HR) types of human papillomaviruses (HPVs) by Piyathilake CJ1, Badiga S, Paul P, Vijayaraghavan K, Vedantham H, Sudula M, Sowjanya P, Ramakrishna G, Shah KV, Partridge EE, Gravitt PE.(PubMed)
(5) Lower risk of cervical intraepithelial neoplasia in women with high plasma folate and sufficient vitamin B12 in the post-folic acid fortification era by Piyathilake CJ1, Macaluso M, Alvarez RD, Bell WC, Heimburger DC, Partridge EE.(PubMed)
(6) Vitamin or antioxidant intake (or serum level) and risk of cervical neoplasm: a meta-analysis by Myung SK1, Ju W, Kim SC, Kim H; Korean Meta-analysis (KORMA) Study Group.(PubMed)
(7) Intestinal malabsorption in long-term survivors of cervical cancer treated with radiotherapy by Vistad I1, Kristensen GB, Fosså SD, Dahl AA, Mørkrid L.(PubMed)
(8) Diet and premalignant lesions of the cervix: evidence of a protective role for folate, riboflavin, thiamin, and vitamin B12 by Hernandez BY1, McDuffie K, Wilkens LR, Kamemoto L, Goodman MT.(PubMed)
Vitamin B12, also known as cobalamin, a water-soluble vitamin, found abundantly in a variety of foods, such as fish, shellfish, meat, eggs, dairy products, etc. plays an important role in regulating the functions of nervous system and formation of blood.
Epidemiological studies focusing vitamin B12 in reduced risk of cervical cancer have produced conflict results(a)(b)(c)(d). Mahidol University, showed that lower levels of serum of vitamin B12 may be associated to the risk of cervical cancer, in the vitamin B12 statuses of Thai women with high- and low-grade cervical dysplasia study(1). Other researchers suggested that there may be a link between serum concentrations of folate, vitamin B12, and homocysteine and the risk of cervical cancer due to vitamins role in role in the synthesis and repair of DNA. In a a community-based cohort of women who donated blood in 1974 for a serum bank in Washington County, Maryland, 39 cases of cervical cancer diagnosed between 1975 and mid-1990 were included in the study (13 cases of invasive cervical cancer and 26 cases of carcinoma in situ). vitamin B12 was found to mimic those for folate and lower homocysteine, a marker of low B vitamin concentrations was associated to increased risk of the disease(1). In cervical cancer progression, folate showed to have an influence on B12 levels but not those of MTHFR polymorphisms, serum homocysteine(3). Improving folate and vitamin B12 status may have a beneficial impact on the prevention of CC, because of their role in interventions of HR-HPV infections(4)(5). The National Cancer Center, Goyang, Korea, showed a positive effect of vitamins intake in protection of on cervical neoplasms in case-control studies due to antioxidant activities(6). Other researchers suggested the lower levels of vitamin B12 and folate may be due to abnormal Intestinal malabsorptionof that can lead to deficiency and reduced length of survival(7). On the other hand, the University of Hawai study indicated that thiamin, riboflavin, folate, and vitamin B12 may play a protective role in cervical carcinogenesis(8). Unfortunately, the Arizona Cancer Center study do not support the role of folate, vitamin B12, or homocysteine in HPV persistence or cervical dysplasia(9), the leading cause of cervical cancer.
Taken altogether, intake of vitamin B12 may be effective in reduced risk and treatment of cervical cancer when used conjunction with folate. Over doses of the vitamin may induce symptoms of toxicity, including headache, giddiness and abnormal heart functioning, etc., please make sure to follow the guideline of the Institute of Medicine of the National Academies.
Ovarian Cysts And PCOS Elimination
Holistic System In Existence That Will Show You How To
Permanently Eliminate All Types of Ovarian Cysts Within 2 Months
Back to Researched articles - Points of view of Vitamins, Foods and Herbs
http://kylejnorton.blogspot.ca/p/blog-page_24.html
Back to Kyle J. Norton Home page http://kylejnorton.blogspot.ca
References
(1) Cerical cancer (Amerrican cancer society)
(a) Diet and premalignant lesions of the cervix: evidence of a protective role for folate, riboflavin, thiamin, and vitamin B12 by Hernandez BY1, McDuffie K, Wilkens LR, Kamemoto L, Goodman MT.(PubMed)
(b) A case control study of nutritional factors and cervical dysplasia by Liu T1, Soong SJ, Wilson NP, Craig CB, Cole P, Macaluso M, Butterworth CE Jr.(PubMed)
(c) [Chemoprevention of cervical cancer--intervention study of cervical precancerous lesions by retinamide II and riboflavin].[Article in Chinese] byChen RD.(PubMed)
(d) Epidemiologic studies of vitamins and cancer of the lung, esophagus, and cervix by Ziegler RG.(PubMed)
(1) Vitamin B12 status of Thai women with neoplasia of the cervix uteri by Kwanbunjan K1, Saengkar P, Cheeramakara C, Tangjitgamol S, Chitcharoenrung K.(PubMed)
(2) The risk of cervical cancer in relation to serum concentrations of folate, vitamin B12, and homocysteine by Alberg AJ1, Selhub J, Shah KV, Viscidi RP, Comstock GW, Helzlsouer KJ.(PubMed)
(3) A case-control nutrigenomic study on the synergistic activity of folate and vitamin B12 in cervical cancer progression by Ragasudha PN1, Thulaseedharan JV, Wesley R, Jayaprakash PG, Lalitha P, Pillai MR.(PubMed)
(4) Indian women with higher serum concentrations of folate and vitamin B12 are significantly less likely to be infected with carcinogenic or high-risk (HR) types of human papillomaviruses (HPVs) by Piyathilake CJ1, Badiga S, Paul P, Vijayaraghavan K, Vedantham H, Sudula M, Sowjanya P, Ramakrishna G, Shah KV, Partridge EE, Gravitt PE.(PubMed)
(5) Lower risk of cervical intraepithelial neoplasia in women with high plasma folate and sufficient vitamin B12 in the post-folic acid fortification era by Piyathilake CJ1, Macaluso M, Alvarez RD, Bell WC, Heimburger DC, Partridge EE.(PubMed)
(6) Vitamin or antioxidant intake (or serum level) and risk of cervical neoplasm: a meta-analysis by Myung SK1, Ju W, Kim SC, Kim H; Korean Meta-analysis (KORMA) Study Group.(PubMed)
(7) Intestinal malabsorption in long-term survivors of cervical cancer treated with radiotherapy by Vistad I1, Kristensen GB, Fosså SD, Dahl AA, Mørkrid L.(PubMed)
(8) Diet and premalignant lesions of the cervix: evidence of a protective role for folate, riboflavin, thiamin, and vitamin B12 by Hernandez BY1, McDuffie K, Wilkens LR, Kamemoto L, Goodman MT.(PubMed)
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