Tuesday, 14 January 2014

Herbal Burdock and Antitussive effect

Burdock is plant in the group of biennial thistles, genus Arctium, belonging to the family Asteraceae, native to the Euro. It has been used over thousand of years in Chins and other traditional herbal medicine as a diuretic, diaphoretic, and a blood purifying agent and to treat wounds and infections stomach ulcers and other digestive problems.
Antitussive effect is considered as a coughing suppression activity with  the use as substance, including herb, medication

The ingredients
It contains carbonated water, sugar,, manloid colourings, phosphoric acid, citric acid and a good amount of dietary fiber, calcium, potassium, and amino acids and chemicals compounds of guaianolide, arctinone, arctinal, methyl arctate,11-tridecadien-3,5,7,9-tetraynde-hydrocostus lactone,dehydrodihydrocostus lactone, 3-octenoic acid, 3-hexenoic acid etc.


The benefits
polysaccharides found in Burdock may be the potential agent to treat pathological type of cough as its polysaccharides exhibited statistically significant cough-suppressing activity, which was noticeably higher than that of the non-narcotic drug used in clinical practice to treat coughing. Also a A biologically active fructan from the roots of Arctium lappa L., var. Herkules is was found to be equally active as some non-narcotic, synthetic preparations used in clinical practice to treat coughing.

The Side effects
1. Overdose can be poisoning and may lead to symptoms of
acute poisoning include phenothiazines, tricyclic antidepressants, and antihistamines.
2. It may cause dermatitis and allergic/inflammatory responses to certain people with contact as a result of lactones which the plant produces.
3. Do not use burdock if you are pregnant or breast feeding.
4. Etc.

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References
(1) The antitussive activity of polysaccharides from Althaea officinalis l., var. Robusta, Arctium lappa L., var. Herkules, and Prunus persica L., Batsch by Sutovska M, Nosalova G, Franova S, Kardosova A.(PubMed)
(2) A biologically active fructan from the roots of Arctium lappa L., var. Herkules. by Kardosová A, Ebringerová A, Alföldi J, Nosál'ová G, Franová S, Hríbalová V.(PubMed)

Monday, 13 January 2014

Food Therapy - Dried peas and Types 2 Diabetes

Dried peas is a small but nutritionally mighty member of the legume family, genus Pisum belongs to the family Fabaceae. It has a healthy source of protein, fibers, vitamins and minerals that is good for everyone diet.

The Nutrients and Chemical constituents
1. Carbohydrates
2. Dietary fiber
3. Fat
4. Protein
5. Vitamin A ( Beta carotene, lutein and zeaxanthin)
6. B vitamins
7. Vitamin C
8. Calcium
9. Iron
10. Magnesium
11. Phosphorus
12. Potassium
13. Zinc Beside it main component of  Polyphenolic compounds , it also contains saponin pisatin, L-pipecolic acid, glycoside-Pisatoside, tocopherols, cerebroside, etc.

1. Dried peas (Pisum) and Types 2 Diabetes
Dried peas found to contain a good sources of protein and fiber, is one of many rich-protein recommended for vegetarian. Together with a low glycemic index it may be considered as a high-fiber foods for daily carbohydrate intake in diabetes. Evidences of studies have showed that a low-glycemic load meal containing psyllium soluble fiber is significantly improves the breakfast postprandial glycemic, insulinemic in adults with Type 2 DM. In the study to compare the glycemic and insulinemic responses to 3 different meals based on dried peas, potatoes, or both in patients with type 2 diabetes, intake of after the pea meal is found to delay of the increased  postprandial plasma glucose and insulin concentrations, when compared to other meal. Since arbohydrates counting in dried peas have been disregarded, the nutrient dried peas should be included in the consumption of low-glycemic, high-fiber foods at the expense of high-glycemic, low-fiber foods for type II diabetics.

The Side effects
1. Purines
Excessive intake of purine can cause health problems for people with untreated kidney and gallbladder diseases due to accumulation of uric acid.
2. Etc.


References
(1) Effects of breakfast meal composition on second meal metabolic responses in adults with Type 2 diabetes mellitus by Clark CA, Gardiner J, McBurney MI, Anderson S, Weatherspoon LJ, Henry DN, Hord NG.(PubMed)
(2) Comparison of the effects of dried peas with those of potatoes in mixed meals on postprandial glucose and insulin concentrations in patients with type 2 diabetes by Schäfer G, Schenk U, Ritzel U, Ramadori G, Leonhardt U.(PubMed)

Food Therapy - Beet (Beta vulgaris) as antioxidants

Beet is best known as the beetroot or garden beet and belong to the amaranth family. It is a perennial plant with leafy stems growing to 1–2 m tall.
Most of heart diseases are caused by high blood pressure contributes to hardening of the arteries. High levels of bad cholesterol (LDL) build up in the arteries as a result of uncontrolled diet with high levels of saturated fat and trans fat. All these add to the formation of atherosclerosis lesions and eventually arterial blockage or anything that serves to damage the inner lining of blood vessels and impedes the transportation of oxygen and nutrition to the heart can be defined as a risk of heart disease.

Nutrients and chemical Constituents
1. Energy
2. Carbohydrates
3. fiber
4. Protein
5. Vitamin A
6. Beta-carotene
7. Trytophan
8. Thiamine (Vitamin B1)
9. Riboflavin (Vitamin B2)
10. Niacin (Vitamin B3)
11. Pantothenic acid (Vitamin B5)
12. Vitamin B6
13. Folate (Vitamin B9)
14. Vitamin C
15. Calcium
16. Iron
17. Magnesium
18. Copper
19. Phosphorus
20. Potassium
21. Zinc
22. Magnesium
23. Betacyanin
24. Betaine
25. Etc.
Beside the major chemical constituents betalains and phenolics, it also contains lesser amount of isobetanin, probetanin, neobetanin, indicaxanthin, vulgaxanthins, etc.

The Benefits
Betanin a main chemical constituent found in  beet juice has exerted its hepatoprotective and anticarcinogenic effects, through the activation of Nrf2 and subsequent induction of the expression of genes controlled by this factor(Activation of Nrf2 essentially opens the door for the production of numbers of our body’s most important antioxidants as excessive free radicals induce better antioxidant production) in non-tumour THLE-2 cell line. In simple words, betanin in beet root enhances the antioxidant effects in protection of the liver against the development of liver cancers and diseases.

Side effects
1.
Oxalates Oxalates in the beet can cause kidney and gallbadder problem. People with above diseases should contact their doctor before consuming.
2. Increase the rick of lowering calcium absorption for people with weak digestive system.
3. Etc.



 
References
(1) What is NRF2?
(2) Betanin, a beetroot component, induces nuclear factor erythroid-2-related factor 2-mediated expression of detoxifying/antioxidant enzymes in human liver cell lines by Krajka-Kuźniak V, Paluszczak J, Szaefer H, Baer-Dubowska W.(PubMed)

Serum Potassium and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease

Dietary Minerals are the group of minerals essential for our body to sustain normal functions and physical health.
In General, potassium is a very essential mineral to the human body for maintaining to build proteins and muscle, break down carbohydrates, maintain normal body growth and normal heart electricity, etc.
Fatty liver disease.
Fatty liver disease is defined as a condition of accumulation of fat in the liver, including people who drink little or no alcohol (Non alcohol fatty disease) or who are excessive alcohol drinking (Alcohol fatty liver disease). The disease can even occur after a short period of heavy drinking (acute alcoholic liver disease). More than 15 million people in the U.S. either abuse or overuse alcohol with fatty liver diseases with fat makes up 5-10 percent of liver weight.
Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) encompasses a wide spectrum of clinical conditions, actually representing an emerging disease of great clinical interest(4).

The benefits
Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) are associated to increased risk of metabolic syndrome. In the study of in 8592 subjects with NAFLD (30·3%) and gradually decreased across serum potassium quartiles, to investigate the association of serum potassium with the risk of prevalent NAFLD. The result showed a significant relation between serum potassium level and NAFLD in women, younger subjects, those with insulin resistance and central obesity. Other in the study to investigate the association between NAFLD and primary aldosteronism (PA), and to identify determinants of NAFLD in this condition, showed that Serum potassium was lower in primary aldosteronism (PA) than in LREH patients with NAFLD (P < 0.001), while it was similar in PA and LREH patients without NAFLD.

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References
(1) Low serum potassium level is associated with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease and its related metabolic disorders by Sun K, Lu J, Jiang Y, Xu M, Xu Y, Zhang J, Xu B, Sun J, Sun W, Ren C, Liu J, Wang W, Bi Y, Ning G.(PubMed)
(2) Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease in primary aldosteronism: a pilot study by Fallo F, Dalla Pozza A, Tecchio M, Tona F, Sonino N, Ermani M, Catena C, Bertello C, Mulatero P, Sabato N, Fabris B, Sechi LA.(PubMed)
(3) Review article: the diagnosis of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease -- availability and accuracy of non-invasive methods by Festi D, Schiumerini R, Marzi L, Di Biase AR, Mandolesi D, Montrone L, Scaioli E, Bonato G, Marchesini-Reggiani G, Colecchia A.(PubMed)

Bayberry Juice and Non acoholic fatty liver disease(NALFD)

Bay berry is a species of Myrica gale, genus Myrica, belonging to  the family Myricaceae. Beside many nutrients, it also consists chemical constituents of Gallic acid, quercetin hexoside, quercetin deoxyhexoside, quercetin, anthocyanins, flavonols, and elllagitannins, etc.
Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease is defined as a condition of the fatty liver diseases as a result of accumulated of fat in the liver, not caused by abusive alcohol consumption. 

The benefits
Bayberry juice is one  of favorite drink among Chinese citizens. the fruits has been cultivated over 2000 years in Chinese literature for foods and medical use. Because of it recently found  to contain certain chemicals with antioxidant effects, the fruits and its juice are being promoted as healthy products for commercial profits. In folk medicine, the fruit has been used in treating jaundice, painful and colitis, diarrhea, and nausea, etc.. Its main ingredient, anthocyanins, has been found to be effective in some studies for treating cardiovascular diseases and cancers. In a randomized, placebo-controlled, double-blind, crossover study of 44 participants (ages 18-25 y) given 250 mL of either bayberry juice or placebo twice daily for 4 wk, Bay berry juice is found to decrease inflammation and infection, liver cell apoptosis, and death of liver tissues as well as reduction of the risk of steatosis progreeion to cause NALFD. Of that results, researchers suggested that consumption of bayberry juice for a period of 4 wk can protect against NAFLD  and its juice may be a candidate for potential prevention and treatment of  Non acoholic fatty liver disease(NALFD).

The Side effects
1. Tannins found in bayberry may induce a drying effect on the skin and allergic effect in some patients
2. Bayberry may interactive with some prescription and non prescription medicine.
3. Etc.


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References
(1) Chemical composition of clarified bayberry (Myrica rubra Sieb. et Zucc.) juice sediment by Fang Z, Zhang M, Tao G, Sun Y, Sun J.(PubMed)(2) One-month strawberry-rich anthocyanin supplementation ameliorates cardiovascular risk, oxidative stress markers and platelet activation in humans.

Alvarez-Suarez JM1, Giampieri F2, Tulipani S3, Casoli T4, Di Stefano G5, González-Paramás AM6, Santos-Buelga C6, Busco F7, Quiles JL8, Cordero MD9, Bompadre S10, Mezzetti B11, Battino M12.(PubMed)
(3) Anthocyanins and their role in cancer prevention by Wang LS, Stoner GD.(PubMed)
(4) Effects of bayberry juice on inflammatory and apoptotic markers in young adults with features of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease by Guo H1, Zhong R2, Liu Y2, Jiang X3, Tang X3, Li Z3, Xia M4, Ling W3.(PubMed)
(5) Anaphylaxis and generalized urticaria from eating Chinese bayberry fruit by Wang HY, Gao ZS, Yang ZW, Shao JX, Zhao XZ, Dai Y, Van Ree R.(PubMed)

Food Therapy - Strawberries and Breast cancer

Strawberry is a genius of Fragaria × ananassa belongs to the family Roseaceae. They have been grown all over the world with suitable climate for commercial profits and for health benefits.
Breast cancer (malignant breast neoplasm) is a cancer that starts in the tissues of the breast either from the inner lining of milk ducts (Ductal carcinoma) or the lobules (Lobular carcinoma) that supply the ducts with milk. there is also rare cases that breast cancer starts in other areas of the breast. In 2010, over 250,000 new cases of breast cancer were expected to be diagnosed in women in the U.S. alone and the risk of getting invasive breast cancer during life time of a women is 1/8.


Nutrients and Chemicals constituents
1. Carbohydrate
2. Dietary fiber
3. Omega 3 fatty acid
4. Calcium
5. Iron
6. Magnesium
7. Phosphorus
8. Potassium
9. Sodium
10. Zinc
11. Copper
12. Manganese
13. Selenium
14. Vitamin C
15. Thiamin
16. Niacin
17. Pantothenic acid
18. Vitamin B-6
19. Folate
20. Vitamin B-12
21. Vitamin A
22. Vitamin E
23. Vitamin K
24. Etc. 
The major chemical compounds include anthocyanin and ellagitannins and p-Hydroxybenzoic acid, p-coumaric acid, ellagic acid, cyanidin-3-glucoside, pelargonidin-3-glucoside, kaempferol, quercetin, and myricetin.

The benefits
The consumption of berry fruits, including strawberries, has been suggested to have beneficial effects to human health and reduce the risk of chronic diseases. methanolic extract of strawberry (MESB) fruits in treatment of mice bearing breast adenocarcinoma with MESB blocked the proliferation of tumor cells in a time-dependent manner and resulted in extended life span. Other in the study of the anti cancer effects of The berry extracts showed an ability to inhibit the growth of human oral (KB, CAL-27), breast (MCF-7), colon (HT-29, HCT116), and prostate (LNCaP) tumor cell lines at concentrations ranging from 25 to 200 micro g/mL. by increasing inhibition of cell proliferation in all of the cell lines.

The Side effects
1. Some people may beexperience anaphylactoid reaction to the consumption of strawberries

2. Oxalation
Oxalates in high concentration can cause problem for people with kidney diseases.
3. Etc. 

References
(1) Extracts of strawberry fruits induce intrinsic pathway of apoptosis in breast cancer cells and inhibits tumor progression in mice.by Somasagara RR, Hegde M, Chiruvella KK, Musini A, Choudhary B, Raghavan SC.(PubMed)
(2) Blackberry, black raspberry, blueberry, cranberry, red raspberry, and strawberry extracts inhibit growth and stimulate apoptosis of human cancer cells in vitro.by Seeram NP, Adams LS, Zhang Y, Lee R, Sand D, Scheuller HS, Heber D.(PubMed)

Potassium and metabolic syndrome

Dietary Minerals are the group of minerals essential for our body to sustain normal functions and physical health.
In General, potassium is a very essential mineral to the human body for maintaining to build proteins and muscle, break down carbohydrates, maintain normal body growth and normal heart electricity, etc.
Metabolic syndrome
According to the American Academy of Family Physicians, insulin resistance often goes along with other health problems, such as diabetes, high cholesterol and high blood pressure. These problems are all risk factors for heart disease. When a person has many of these problems at the same time, doctors commonly call it “metabolic syndrome.” It is sometimes called “insulin resistance syndrome” or “syndrome X.” Many people who have type 2 diabetes also have metabolic syndrome
Other defined it as a disorder of energy utilization and storage, diagnosed by a co-occurrence of 3 out of five of the following medical conditions: abdominal (central) obesity, elevated blood pressure, elevated fasting plasma glucose, high serum triglycerides, and low high-density cholesterol (HDL) levels. The metabolic syndrome increases the risk of developing cardiovascular disease, particularly heart failure, and diabetes.

The benefits
Lower potassium intake may be associated to increased risk of diabetes. The Korean National Health and Nutritional Examination Survey (2008-2010, The incidence was more prominent in postmenopausal women, but not among men. Diet higher potassium is significantly associated with reduced risk of  Metabolic syndrome in women, as well as insulin resistance (IR). In a cross-sectional study in 10,341 participants aged 40 years or older also supported the prevalence of metabolic syndrome in middle-aged and elderly Chinese with low serum potassium level. Nordic diet containing important potassium sources with intake in potatoes, fruit and berries, vegetables and milk products, is found to decreased diastolic ambulatory BP and mean arterial pressure as well as  metabolic syndrome, may be attributed to higher intake of potassium products.

The Side effects
Overdose of potassium, also known as hyperkalemia may result of symptoms of hypotension, stomach cramps, diarrhea, vomiting, irritability, fatigue, etc., and in some cases, it can be life-threatening due to electrolyte abnormality.

Chinese Secrets To Fatty Liver And Obesity Reversal
Use The Revolutionary Findings To Achieve 
Optimal Health And Loose Weight

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Holistic System In Existence That Will Show You How To
Permanently Eliminate All Types of Ovarian Cysts Within 2 Months

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References
1. Metabolic syndrome (Wikipedia)
2.  Metabolic syndrome, (American Academy of Family Physicians)
3. Potassium intake and the prevalence of metabolic syndrome: the Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2008-2010 by Lee H, Lee J, Hwang SS, Kim S, Chin HJ, Han JS, Heo NJ.(PubMed)
4. Effects of an isocaloric healthy Nordic diet on ambulatory blood pressure in metabolic syndrome: a randomized SYSDIET sub-study by Brader L , Uusitupa M, Dragsted LO, Hermansen K.(PubMed)
5. Serum potassium level is associated with metabolic syndrome: A population-based study by Sun K, Su T, Li M, Xu B, Xu M, Lu J, Liu J, Bi Y, Ning G.(PubMed)