The lung-formed part of the circulatory system plays an essential and unique role in taking oxygen to the blood and exhaling carbon dioxide from the blood.
In other words, any diseases involved in breathing problems that reduce the function of the lung are pulmonary diseases.
Lung diseases are a group of medical conditions that cause the reduced function of the lung inhaling oxygen to the blood and exhaling carbon dioxide from the blood.
Pulmonary diseases are a class of diseases associated with the lungs, including asthma, COPD, influenza, pneumonia and tuberculosis, and lung cancer.
Any part of the lung injury can reduce lung function, leading to either obstructive or restrictive lung diseases or mixed lung disease, depending on a person's breathing.
Obstructive lung diseases are condition in which the lungs are unable to expel air properly during exhalation. Diseases associated with obstruction lung diseases care asthma, bronchiectasis, COPD, and emphysema.
Most cases of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease are found in smokers. Dr. Rafael Laniado-Laborín said, "One hundred million deaths were caused by tobacco in the 20th century, and it is estimated that there will be up to one billion deaths attributed to tobacco use in the 21st century.
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is rapidly becoming a global public health crisis with smoking being recognized as its most important causative factor".
And, "There is mounting evidence that the rate of progression of COPD can be reduced when patients at risk of developing the disease stop smoking, while lifelong smokers have a 50% probability of developing COPD during their lifetime".
Lycopene is a phytochemical found in tomatoes in the class of carotenoids, a natural pigment with no vitamin A activity found abundantly in tomatoes and other red fruits and vegetables, such as red carrots, watermelons, and papayas,
Tomatoes provide about 80% of the lycopene in the world's diet. In plants, lycopene protects the host against excessive photodamage and performs various functions in photosynthesis.
In finding a potential compound for the treatment of lung disease, researchers examined lycopene effects on COPD on a nonrodent model.
The study included ferrets (4 groups, n = 12-16/group) exposed to a combination of tobacco carcinogen (NNK) and CS with or without consuming lycopene at low and high doses (equivalent to ∼30 and ∼90 mg lycopene/day in human, respectively) for 22 weeks.
According to tested analysis, lycopene at a high dose significantly inhibited NNK/CS-induced chronic bronchitis, emphysema, and preneoplastic lesions in the induction of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease by decreasing lung growth abnormally.
Furthermore, lycopene also significantly inhibited NNK/CS-induced accumulation of total cholesterol and increased mRNA expression of critical genes related to the reverse cholesterol transport (RCT) ) in the lungs.
Based on the findings, researchers said, "The present study has provided the first evidence linking a protective role of dietary lycopene against COPD and preneoplastic lesions to RCT-mediated cholesterol accumulation in lungs".
Taken together, lycopene found in tomatoes may be considered an anti-COPD remedy for the prevention and treatment of UC, pending the confirmation of the larger sample size and multicenter human study.
Intake of lycopene in the form of supplements should be taken with extreme care to prevent overdose acute liver toxicity.
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Author Biography
Kyle J. Norton (Scholar, Master of Nutrition, All right reserved)
Health article writer and researcher; Over 10.000 articles and research papers have been written and published online, including worldwide health, ezine articles, article base, health blogs, self-growth, best before it's news, the Karate GB Daily, etc.,.
Named TOP 50 MEDICAL ESSAYS FOR ARTISTS & AUTHORS TO READ by Disilgold.com Named 50 of the best health Tweeters Canada - Huffington Post
Nominated for shorty award over last 4 years
Some articles have been used as references in medical research, such as the international journal Pharma and Bioscience, ISSN 0975-6299.
Sources
(1) Lycopene Inhibits Smoke-Induced Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease and Lung Carcinogenesis by Modulating Reverse Cholesterol Transport in Ferrets by Mustra Rakic J1,2, Liu C1, Veeramachaneni S1, Wu D2,3, Paul L2,4, Chen CO2, Ausman LM1,2, Wang XD. (PubMed)
(2) Smoking and Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD). Parallel Epidemics of the 21st Century by Rafael Laniado-Laborín. (PMC)
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