#Herbal #Artichoke #Reduces #Plasma Lipid Levels by Inhibiting the Levels of Both Total and LDL-C, and Triglycerides, According to Studies

Kyle J. Norton

In seeking natural therapy with no side effects, scientists may have a whole herb for the prevention and treatment of overexpression of triglycerides, according to studies.

Triglycerides are body fat found in humans derived from glycerol and saturated, monounsaturated, and polyunsaturated fatty acids.

The triglycerides are stored in your fat cells for energy in the future when the body needs it.

Unlike cholesterol produced by the liver and absorbed through diet to build cell walls, produce steroid hormone and vitamin D, and aid digestion, the primary triglycerides function is to store as unused calories and provide your body with energy.

From a health perspective, the levels of triglycerides can affect your health and risk of cardiovascular disease.
1. Normal, if your level is less than 150 milligrams per deciliter (mg/dL), or less than 1.7 millimoles per liter (mmol/L)
2. Borderline high if your level is between 150 and 199 mg/dL (1.8 and 2.2 mmol/L)
3. High, if your level is between 200 and 499 mg/dL (2.3 and 5.6 mmol)
4. Very high, if your level is above 500 mg/dL (above 5.7 mmol/L)

Artichoke is a perennial thistle of Cynara cardunculus species of the Cynara genus, belonging to the family Carduoideae native to Southern Europe around the Mediterranean.

The herbal plant has been used in traditional medicine as a liver protective and detoxified agent, and to treat digestive disorders, abdominal pain gas and bloating, etc.

Researchers on finding a natural compound for the treatment of obesity investigated the artichoke extract anti overexpression of triglycerides by reviewing the medical literature online.

From the databases of PubMed-Medline, Scopus, Web of Science and Google Scholar databases up to March 28, 2017, RCTs satisfied the standard criteria, and guidelines were selected for the investigation of the impact of artichoke extracts on plasma lipid levels.

According to the Meta-analysis of data from 9 trials including 702 subjects artichoke extract showed significant activity against the overexpression of plasma concentrations, including lowering the triglycerides by -9.2 mg/dL.

The injection of artichoke extract according to the selected studies did not exert any impact on the levels of high-density lipoprotein, compared to the strong effect on lowering the levels of low-density lipoprotein.

These results suggested that the artichoke supplement reduced plasma lipid levels by inhibiting the levels of both total and LDL-C, and triglycerides.


Furthermore, in order to reveal more details of the artichoke effect on triglycerides, researchers examined fecal excretion of neutral bile acids and sterols in subjects after the artichoke leaf extract (ALE) intake.

The animal model study included 64 Golden Syrian hamsters (8 weeks old) fed randomly either a control diet or a similar diet containing ALE (4.5 g/kg diet) for 6 weeks.

According to the observation up to day 21, ALE injection showed no significant changes in plasma lipid levels, including non-HDL cholesterol triglycerides or fecal-neutral sterols.


However, after day 42, ALE exerted a clinical significance in lowing the levels of triglycerides by 22% in males and 29% in female hamsters, compared to control.

The findings strongly suggested that ALE processes anti-triglycerides accumulation by a mechanism involving the greater excretion of fecal bile acids and neutral sterols after feeding for 42 days.

According to the accumulated information, it is safe to say that artichoke may be considered a functional remedy for the treatment of elevated non-HDL cholesterol triglycerides with no side effects, pending the validation of a larger sample size and multicenter human study


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Author Biography
Kyle J. Norton (Scholar, Master of Nutrition, All right reserved)
Health article writer and researcher; Over 10.000 articles and research papers have been written and published online, including worldwide health, ezine articles, article base, health blogs, self-growth, best before it's news, the Karate GB Daily, etc.,.
Named TOP 50 MEDICAL ESSAYS FOR ARTISTS & AUTHORS TO READ by Disilgold.com Named 50 of the best health Tweeters Canada - Huffington Post
Nominated for shorty award over last 4 years
Some articles have been used as references in medical research, such as the international journal Pharma and Bioscience, ISSN 0975-6299.

References
(2) Lipid-lowering activity of artichoke extracts: A systematic review and meta-analysis by Sahebkar A1, Pirro M2, Banach M3,4, Mikhailidis DP5, Atkin SL6, Cicero AFG. (PubMed)
(1) Artichoke extract lowered plasma cholesterol and increased fecal bile acids in Golden Syrian hamsters by Qiang Z1, Lee SO, Ye Z, Wu X, Hendrich S. (PubMed)