Eggplant may have a potential and substantial effect in reduced risk and treatment of high blood pressure, some scientists suggested.
Eggplant is a species of S. melongena with deep purple color, belongings to the family Solanaceae and native to India, cultivated in southern and eastern Asia since prehistory.
Hypertension is a long term medical condition characterized by abnormally high blood pressure.
According to statistics from the World Health Organization, high blood pressure affects 1.13 billion people worldwide and from 1975 to 2015, mean systolic blood pressure and blood pressure have stayed more or less the same in men and have decreased slightly among women.
According to the University of Massachusetts, eggplant containing high fiber and low soluble carbohydrate content and the phenolic-linked antioxidant activity and alpha-glucosidase exerted powerful antioxidant effects in inhibited free radical expression and ROS chain reaction to induce type 2 diabetes' complications such as hypertension.
Further analysis also suggested that functional food also inhibited the angiotensin hormone which has been found to elevate vasoconstriction and increase blood pressure in diabetics.
Dr. Kwon YI, after taking into account of other confounders, suggested. " high angiotensin I-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitory activity (Of eggplant),....... provide a strong biochemical basis for ....... reducing associated hypertension".
Indeed, the recommendation to include a portion of eggplant in daily diet by the National Diabetes Education Program of NIH, Mayo Clinic and American Diabetes Association may be a choice to reduce diabetes complication risk of hypertension.
The illustration strongly indicated that oxidative stress initiated by ROS may place an important role in the risk of diabetes and diabetes hypertension.
Interestingly, in the study to evaluate the cardiovascular action of Solanum melongena extract (SME) in vivo and in vitro, researchers found that the application of SME displays a significant and produced dose-dependent effect in reduced hypertensive responses in normotensive albino rats through the modulated expression of β-adrenoceptor on cardiac and smooth muscle tissues in precipitated high blood pressure.
Additionally, the administration of SME regulated the stimulation of the expression of the muscarinic receptors in reduced high blood pressure as well as improving heart rate.
Furthermore, SME injection also decreased the efficacy of the medication of β-adrenoceptor blocker, propranolol, and the cholinergic receptor blocker, atropine in regulating abnormal heart rhythms, and to protect the heart from a second heart attack (myocardial infarction) after a first heart attack (secondary prevention).
In other words, increasing doses of β-adrenoceptor blocker, propranolol, and the cholinergic receptor blocker may be necessary to achieve the same effect in reducing the risk of heart attack with the intake of eggplant.
More precisely, researchers suggested that SME modulated high blood pressure through induction of vaso-relaxation and negative inotropy and mediation of the β-adrenergic and acetylcholine receptors in promoted vasodilation of the resistant vessels and a reduction in heart activity, respectively.
Conclusively, in comparison to Captopril, a hypertensive medicine, researchers also indicated that possibly, the hypotensive effect of SME could be attributed to SME influence on the activity of the renin-angiotensin system, which is a hormone system with function in regulated blood pressure and fluid balance.
In fact, the effect of eggplant in the regulated function of diuresis in the renin-angiotensin system may result in an ameliorated risk of high blood pressure as diuretics were found to associate to the function of kidneys in removal of more sodium and water from the body, triggering relaxation of the blood vessel walls, thereby lowering blood pressure.
Taken together, eggplant and its phytochemicals may be considered a functional food processed a therapeutic and potential effect in reducing the risk of hypertension naturally.
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Author Biography
Kyle J. Norton (Scholar, Master of Nutrients, All right reserved)
Health article writer and researcher; Over 10.000 articles and research papers have been written and published online, including worldwide health, ezine articles, article base, healthblogs, self-growth, best before it's news, the Karate GB Daily, etc.,.
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Some articles have been used as references in medical research, such as the international journal Pharma and Bio Science, ISSN 0975-6299.
Sources
(1) In vitro studies of eggplant (Solanum melongena) phenolics as inhibitors of key enzymes relevant for type 2 diabetes and hypertension by Kwon YI1, Apostolidis E, Shetty K.(PubMed)
(2) Hypotensive action of Solanum melongena on normotensive rats by O. L. Shum and K. W. Chiu(Wiley Online Library)
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