Intake of common (dried) peas daily and regularly may have a potential effect in enhanced immunomodulating activity, scientists at some renowned institute studies suggested.
The dried pea is a small but nutritionally mighty member of the legume family, genus Pisum belongings to the family Fabaceae with a healthy source of proteins, fibers, vitamins, and minerals.
Immunomodulation is an action with a profound and positive effect on regulated immune response and function through the activation of antibody formation or the inhibition of white blood cell activity.
In the evaluation of 173 LAB strains, including the strain NTM048 isolated from green peas having the ability to induce IgA production using murine Peyer's patch cells, researchers at the Ishikawa Prefectural University, after taking account of other confounders suggested that
1. Strain NTM048 isolated from green peas demonstrated a higher immunomodulating activity in compared to other straits.
2. The green pea strait also is well tolerated in gastrointestinal digestion and produces large amounts of exopolysaccharides, high-molecular-weight polymers that have been used in conventional medicine for the prospect of anticoagulant, antithrombotic, immunomodulation, anticancer and as flocculants.
3. Application of the strait also induced a significant increase in the fecal IgA content and plasma IgA levels in response to the immunogen of BALB/cA mice
Further analysis of the function of the strait isolated from green pea, researchers emphasized that the strait has a significant impact in stimulating immunomodulating activities through regulating the transforming growth factor-β in the secretion of inflammatory cytokines which play an important role in the control of cell growth, cell proliferation, cell differentiation, and apoptosis.
The action of the strait in the activation of immunomodulating activity was also attributed to stimulating Peyer's patch cells which are aggregated in lymphoid nodules, and formed an important part of the immune system.
The information findings prompted Dr. Matsuzaki C, the lead author to suggest, "Strain NTM048 stimulates Peyer's patch cells to induce an intestinal and systemic immune response, revealing the potential of NTM048 as a probiotic for enhancing the mucosal barrier function".
The collective information of NTM048 as a probiotic may be helpful to reduce symptoms and treatments of people with digestive disorders by including portions of green peas or dried peas in their daily diet.
Additionally, in another field of study, researchers at the University of Ottawa launched an investigation of the immunomodulating activity of enzymatic protein hydrolysates of yellow peas using in a murine model indicating that
1. Oral administration of Pea protein hydrolysate, after a 12 h pre-treatment, showed significant inhibition of free radical NO production by activating increased mobile white blood cells by 20%.
The reduction of ROS may be a result of overexpression of antioxidant production in stimulated immunomodulating effect to protect against localized tissue and injure against infection and inflammation caused by foreign pathogens.
2. The injection also showed a strongly inhibited secretion of pro-inflammatory cytokines, TNF-α- and IL-6, in a range of 35 and 80%, respectively.
TNF-α, Tumor necrosis factor is a protein with function in initiated response in the acute phase of inflammation
IL-6 (Interleukin 6) secreted by the immune system to stimulate an immune response, is an interleukin with duo functions in promoting either pro and anti-inflammatory cytokines respectively.
The inhibition of the pro-inflammatory substance of the pea protein may have a potential effect in reduced symptoms and complications such as reddened, swollen, hot, and often painful in the location of injury or infection.
3. The protein also stimulated the gut mucosal immune response.
The gut mucosal immune response against harmful intestinal organisms has a strong impact in reducing the risk of digestive disorder, by regulating the function of lymphoid tissue located in the mucosa.
According to the article on mucosal immunology, "the mucosal immune system provides protection against pathogens but maintains a tolerance towards non-harmful commensal microbes and benign environmental substances".
4. The immunomodulating effect is also found in an increased number of IgA+ cells in the small intestine lamina propria accompanied by an increase in the number of IL-4+, IL-10+, and IFN-γ+ cells.
In this case, the immunomodulating effect through the expression of the production of IgA+ cells in
protected the intestine lamina propria(based membrane) from pathogens, toxins, and food antigens the basement remembrance of the intestine by increasing the numbers of interleukin IL-4+, and IL-10+ in inhibiting the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines as well as the increased function of IFN-γ+ cells in stimulated innate and adaptive immunity against viral, some bacterial and protozoal infections.
Further differentiation also suggested that the enhanced IL-6 secretion of small intestine epithelial cells (IEC) by the Pea protein hydrolysate in stimulation IgA-secretion, probably associated with a number of mechanisms, particularly in TLR2 and TLR4 function in pathogen recognition and activation of innate immunity.
Taken together, green peas or common peas may be considered as a therapeutic treatment in enhanced immunomodulating activity, particularly in aging adults and people with a history of weakened immunity.
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Author Biography
Kyle J. Norton(Scholar, Master of Nutrients), all right reserved.
Health article writer and researcher; Over 10.000 articles and research papers have been written and published online, including worldwide health, ezine articles, article base, healthblogs, self-growth, best before it's news, the Karate GB Daily, etc.,.
Named TOP 50 MEDICAL ESSAYS FOR ARTISTS & AUTHORS TO READ by Disilgold.com Named 50 of the best health Tweeters Canada - Huffington Post
Nominated for shorty award over last 4 years
Some articles have been used as references in medical research, such as the international journal Pharma and Bio Science, ISSN 0975-6299.
Sources
(1) Immunomodulating activity of exopolysaccharide-producing Leuconostoc mesenteroides strain NTM048 from green peas by Matsuzaki C1, Kamishima K, Matsumoto K, Koga H, Katayama T, Yamamoto K, Hisa K.(PubMed)
(2)Anti-oxidant, anti-inflammatory and immunomodulating properties of an enzymatic protein hydrolysate from yellow field pea seeds by Ndiaye F1, Vuong T, Duarte J, Aluko RE, Matar C.(PubMed)
(3) Mucosal immunology by Nature.com
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