Kyle J. Norton
The kidneys are a pair of kidney-shaped organs located on either side of your spine with the function to filter out the wastes from the blood before passing the wastes through urinary secretion.
More than a detoxed organ, the kidneys also maintain the body fluid balance, regulate the production of red blood cells and high blood pressure.
Kidney damage can be acute such as an overdose of toxin or chronic. Acute kidney diseases can be cured if the underlying cause is found.
Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a slow and progressive disease that can lead to kidney failure over time.
At the advanced of CKD can cause the dangerous levels of fluid, electrolytes and wastes build up in the body.
Renal protection is a strategy that protects the kidney against injury or damage. In other words, renal protection is a process that maintains the function of the kidneys.
Depending on the severity of renal damage, patients may experience symptoms of decreased urine output, fluid retention, that lead to swelling in the legs, ankles or feet, fatigue, nausea, and physical weakness
In severe cases, patients may also have symptoms of shortness of breath, confusion, and irregular heartbeat.
The worse cases of kidney damage can lead to renal failure, a condition that induces wastes and toxins to accumulate in the blood. In this stage, dialysis and kidney transplant are the only options.
According to statistics, approximately 14 percent of the US general population suffers from CKD. Believe it or not, more than 661,000 Americans have kidney failure. Of these, 468,000 individuals are on dialysis, and roughly 193,000 live with a functioning kidney transplant.
Tocopherols are phytochemicals of which many have vitamin E activity, belonging to the group of Lipids, found abundantly in butter, egg yolk, milk fat, some vegetable, and seed or nut oils, etc.
In finding a potential phytochemical for the treatment of kidney diseases, researchers examined the pretreatment effect of alpha-tocopherol against oxidative renal tubular damage and subsequent carcinogenesis by ferric nitrilotriacetate (Fe-NTA) in rats.
According to the tested analysis, injection of Fe-NTA in rats fed a standard diet showed an increase of renal mRNA levels of calnexin significantly in 3 hours of treatment associated with the progression of chronic kidney disease (CKD) to end-stage renal disease.
After the injection of alpha-tocopherol, the levels of renal calnexin mRNA levels were decreased, without altering the protein levels.
In LLC-PK1 cells, the addition of alpha-tocopherol showed strong protective activity against oxidative stress induced by H2O2.
Furthermore, alpha-tocopherol-induced N-acetylglucosaminyltransferase 3 was involved in kidney cancer suppression in the tested mice.
Moreover, alpha-tocopherol modifies glycoprotein metabolism and partially induced cancer and inflammation by conferring mild ER stress in the protection against kidney cell damage.
Taken altogether, tocopherols may be considered a functional supplement for the prevention and treatment of kidney damage, pending the confirmation of the larger sample size and multicenter human study.
Intake of tocopherols in the form of supplements should be taken with extreme care to prevent overdose acute liver toxicity.
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Author Biography
Kyle J. Norton (Scholar, Master of Nutrition, All right reserved)
Health article writer and researcher; Over 10.000 articles and research papers have been written and published online, including worldwide health, ezine articles, article base, health blogs, self-growth, best before it's news, the Karate GB Daily, etc.,.
Named TOP 50 MEDICAL ESSAYS FOR ARTISTS & AUTHORS TO READ by Disilgold.com Named 50 of the best health Tweeters Canada - Huffington Post
Nominated for shorty award over last 4 years
Some articles have been used as references in medical research, such as the international journal Pharma and Bioscience, ISSN 0975-6299.
Sources
(1) Alpha-tocopherol induces calnexin in renal tubular cells: another protective mechanism against free radical-induced cellular damage by Lee WH1, Akatsuka S, Shirase T, Dutta KK, Jiang L, Liu YT, Onuki J, Yamada Y, Okawa K, Wada Y, Watanabe A, Kohro T, Noguchi N, Toyokuni S. (PubMed)
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