Herbal Eyebright (Euphrasia) Processes a Strong Antifungal Activity in Vitro

By Kyle J. Norton


Fungi are a kind of living organism, including molds, molds, and mushrooms.

Most cases of fungal infections start in the lungs or on the skin. People with a weakened immune system or long-term use of antibiotics and immune-suppressive medicine are prone to getting a fungal infection.

Histoplasmosis, which is the most common fungal infection in the US, caused by the dimorphic fungus Histoplasma capsulatum var. capsulatum.

However, invasive candidiasis is a common infection, approximately 46,000 cases of invasive candidiasis were diagnosed in the US each year.

Believe it or not, there are millions of different fungal species on the Earth, but only about 300 of those make people sick.

Most cases of fungal infection are treated with antibiotics topically or orally.

The untreated fungal infection may cause the spread of fungi to the bloodstream, leading to serious complications including death depending on types of fungal infection.

Most common types of fungal infection

* Athlete's foot

Athlete's foot is a common fungal infection that affects the foot.

* Yeast infection

Yeast infections are a common form of Candida overgrowth caused by Candida albicans.

* Jock itch

Jock itch is another type of skin infection that appears mostly in summer or in warm, humid areas of the world.

* Ringworm

Ringworm is a type of skin infection caused by a fungus that lives on dead tissues,

On finding a natural ingredient for the prevention and treatment of infectious diseases, scientists examined the antifungal activity of the chemical composition of the eyebright essential oil.

Eyebright is one of the species of flowering plants, genus Euphrasia, belonging to the family Orobanchaceae, native to Europe. 

The plant has been used in traditional and herbal medicine to treat eye infection and to relieve inflammation caused by colds, coughs, sinus infections, sore throats, and hay fever.

According to the Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (GC-MS) analysis, the eyebright essential oil containing more than 70 constituents, with n-hexadecanoic acid (18.47%) as the main constituent showed a strong anti-fungal effect against all organisms, especially in the case of anticandidal activity.

 Lauric acid found in the EO exhibited the strongest activity against a number of fungi. compared to other chemical constituents.

The Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) that exerted antibiotics against the bacteria and yeast susceptible to the EO was in accordance with the Clinical Laboratory Standards Institute (CLSI) acceptable limits and previous reports, respectively.

Based on the results, researchers suggest, "the chemical analysis revealed a number of antimicrobial active substances present in the E. rostkoviana EO and its antifungal and antibacterial activity...".

Taken altogether, Eyebright may be considered a remedy for the treatment of fungal infection, pending to the confirmation of the larger sample size and multicenter human study.

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Back to Kyle J. Norton Homepage http://kylejnorton.blogspot.ca


Author Biography
Kyle J. Norton (Scholar, Master of Nutrition, All right reserved)
Health article writer and researcher; Over 10.000 articles and research papers have been written and published online, including worldwide health, ezine articles, article base, health blogs, self-growth, best before it's news, the karate GB daily, etc.,.
Named TOP 50 MEDICAL ESSAYS FOR ARTISTS & AUTHORS TO READ by Disilgold.com Named 50 of the best health Tweeters Canada - Huffington Post
Nominated for shorty award over last 4 years
Some articles have been used as references in medical research, such as international journal Pharma and Bioscience, ISSN 0975-6299.

Sources
(1) Composition and Antimicrobial Activity of Euphrasia rostkoviana Hayne Essential Oil by Hana Davidova,1 Cecilia Suqued Serrano-Rojero,1 Johana Rondevaldova,2 Josef Pulkrabek,3 and Ladislav Kokoska, (Hindawi)

Herbal Elecampane (Inula helenium), A Natural and Potential Neuroprotective Remedy

By Kyle J. Norton

Neuroprotection is a process to preserve the neuronal structure and/or function against the death or gradual death of neurons, including the use of medicines and herbs.

In other words, neuroprotection protects the neuronal integrity against the reduction in the rate of neuronal loss over time inducing neurological disease, including neurodegenerative disease.

Neurodegenerative disease is the class of condition associated with the progressive loss of neuron occurred mostly in older adults, including dementia. The most common dementia in the US is Alzheimer`s disease (AD).

Alzheimer's disease is an irreversible, progressive brain disorder caused by the slowly lost of neuron in the brain that affects the memory and thinking skills and, eventually, the ability to carry out the simplest tasks as the disease progress into advanced stage.

According to the statistic, dementia affects over 47.5 million people worldwide, approximately 58 percent are living within low and middle-income countries.

Believe it or not, 5.8 million Americans of all ages are living with Alzheimer's dementia in 2019 and two-thirds of people with Alzheimer's disease are women.

There is no single cause of the progressive death of brain neurons. Epidemiologically, genetic preposition, medical condition, such as alcoholism, brain cancer or a stroke in the brain are some of the most common prevalent factors found in patients with neurological diseases

A prolonged period of toxins, toxic chemicals accumulated that affects the brain function also have a strong impact to induce the onset of the disease.

Symptoms of neurotoxicity are totally depending on the degree of toxicity. Some symptoms may take some time to develop. However, in most cases, symptoms may appear immediately after exposure.

Depending on the area and location of neuron damage, weakness or numbness, loss of memory, vision, headache change of cognitive and behavioral and sexual dysfunction are the most common symptoms found in people with neurotoxicity.

On finding a natural ingredient for the prevention and treatment of neurological diseases, scientists examined the neuroprotective effects of Costunolide (COS) is a natural sesquiterpene lactone originally isolated from Inula helenium (Compositae).

Elecampane, also known as Horse-heal (Inula helenium) is a perennial composite plant, genus nulla, belonging to Asteraceae, native to Southern Europe, and Asia. 

The plant has been used in traditional and herbal medicine in treating bronchitis or emphysema, night sweats, pulmonary tuberculosis, irritating cough, catarrhal discharges, etc.

According to tested analysis, on oxidative stress associated with the progression and pathogenesis of neurodegenerative diseases,
* COS showed strong activity in activating the expression of Nrf2 to counteract the oxidative injuries of PC12 cells.

* COS also exerted a cytotoxic effect in the regulation of cellular redox homeostasis through the expression of Nrf2 stimulation.

The results indicated that COS inhibited the levels of cellular reactive oxygen species level by restoring cellular thiol homeostasis, involved in maintaining the cellular redox balance.

In other words, treatment with COS promoted a range of antioxidant genes governed by Nrf2 and subsequently induced these gene expressions and activities against the overexpression of free radicals

Based on the results, researchers suggest, "COS provides neuroprotection via activating the Nrf2 signaling pathway in PC12 cells".

Taken altogether, Elecampane (Inula helenium) processed abundantly COS may be considered a neuroprotective remedy  pending to the confirmation of the larger sample size and multicenter human study.

Natural Medicine for Fatty Liver And Obesity Reversal - The Revolutionary Findings To Achieve Optimal Health And Lose Weight

How To Get Rid Of Eye Floaters 
Contrary To Professionals Prediction, Floaters Can Be Cured Naturally 

Ovarian Cysts And PCOS Elimination
Holistic System In Existence That Will Show You. How-To
Permanently Eliminate All Types of Ovarian Cysts Within 2 Months

Back to Kyle J. Norton Homepage http://kylejnorton.blogspot.ca


Author Biography
Kyle J. Norton (Scholar, Master of Nutrition, All right reserved)
Health article writer and researcher; Over 10.000 articles and research papers have been written and published online, including worldwide health, ezine articles, article base, health blogs, self-growth, best before it's news, the karate GB daily, etc.,.
Named TOP 50 MEDICAL ESSAYS FOR ARTISTS & AUTHORS TO READ by Disilgold.com Named 50 of the best health Tweeters Canada - Huffington Post
Nominated for shorty award over last 4 years
Some articles have been used as references in medical research, such as international journal Pharma and Bioscience, ISSN 0975-6299.

Sources
(1) Activation of Nrf2 by costunolide provides neuroprotective effect in PC12 cells by Peng S 1, Hou Y , Yao J , Fang J. (PubMed)

Herbal Coltsfoot(Tussilago farfara) in the Modulation of Inflammatory Response

By Kyle J. Norton

 The immune system formed part of the body's defense plays a critical role in the protection of the body against infectious organisms.

The immune system executes the defense strategy through a series of the immune response by attacking foreign substances that invade body systems.

A variety of factors have been found to trigger immune responses include pathogens, damaged cells, and toxic compounds. 

Inflammation is a natural response of the immune system which protects the body against the invasion of pathogens.

 In the acute phase of tissue damage or wound, the immune white blood cells of the first line of defense stimulate the production of blood palette to cover the wound or damage and production of pro-inflammatory cytokines to the site of infection against microbial invasion.

Most cases of microbial invasion are stopped in the acute phase of infection, and the damaged tissue is slowly healing itself. However, in this phase, the overproduction of pro-inflammatory cytokines can lead to nearby cell death and the formation of scars.

If the immune system fails to destroy all microbial invasion in the acute phase of infection within a set period in 3 to weeks, it will compromise, leading to chronic low-grade inflammation.

The continued production of low levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines overtimes regardless of the causes can induce damage to organ tissues, and irreversible chronic diseases such as cardiovascular disease, diabetes, and cancer.

The Research Center for Molecular Medicine of the Austrian Academy of Sciences (Ce-M-M) wrote, "Humans have evolved highly complex immune systems that are composed of specialized immune cells that protect the host from infection and damage. But an uncontrolled immune response such as chronic inflammation can itself inflict damage". 

And,  "when the immune system is compromised by a genetic mutation, individuals become more susceptible to diseases such as autoimmune disease".

Coltsfoot(Tussilago farfara) is a perennial herbaceous plant, genus Tussilago, belonging to the family Asteraceae, native to Europe and Asia. The herb has been used over thousands of years to treat asthma, various coughs, bronchial congestion, respiratory disorders, headaches and obstruction in the nasal passage, etc.

On finding a potential compound for the treatment of asthma and bronchitis, researchers examined the coltsfoot inhibitory effects on lipopolysaccharide-induced inflammation in macrophages.

In a cecal ligation and puncture (CLP)-induced mouse model of sepsis, Tussilagone suppressed the parameters associated with the production of pro-inflammation such as nitric oxide and prostaglandin E2, and the inflammatory cytokines, tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), particularly in lipopolysaccharide-stimulated RAW 264.7 cells and peritoneal macrophages.

In other words, Tussilago inhibits the production of inflammatory mediators and cytokines by suppressing the immune response associated with the first line of defense.

Additionally, the administration of Tussilagone at doses of 1 mg/kg and 10 mg/kg) protects the lung cells by decreasing the mortality and lung injury in CLP-activated septic mice.

Based on the findings, researchers said, " Tussilago exhibited protective effects against inflammation and polymicrobial sepsis by suppressing inflammatory mediators possibly via the inhibition of NF-κB activation and the MAP kinase pathway".

And, " These results suggest the possible use of Tussilago for developing novel therapeutic modalities for sepsis and other inflammatory diseases".

Taken altogether, coltsfoot may be considered a remedy for the treatment of inflammatory diseases associated with immune-inflammatory responses, pending to the confirmation of the larger sample size and multicenter human study.

Natural Medicine for Fatty Liver And Obesity Reversal - The Revolutionary Findings To Achieve Optimal Health And Lose Weight

How To Get Rid Of Eye Floaters 
Contrary To Professionals Prediction, Floaters Can Be Cured Naturally 

Ovarian Cysts And PCOS Elimination
Holistic System In Existence That Will Show You. How-To
Permanently Eliminate All Types of Ovarian Cysts Within 2 Months

Back to Kyle J. Norton Homepage http://kylejnorton.blogspot.ca


Author Biography
Kyle J. Norton (Scholar, Master of Nutrition, All right reserved)
Health article writer and researcher; Over 10.000 articles and research papers have been written and published online, including worldwide health, ezine articles, article base, health blogs, self-growth, best before it's news, the karate GB daily, etc.,.
Named TOP 50 MEDICAL ESSAYS FOR ARTISTS & AUTHORS TO READ by Disilgold.com Named 50 of the best health Tweeters Canada - Huffington Post
Nominated for shorty award over last 4 years
Some articles have been used as references in medical research, such as international journal Pharma and Bioscience, ISSN 0975-6299.

Sources
(1) Tussilagone Inhibits the Inflammatory Response and Improves Survival in CLP-Induced Septic Mice by Kim YK1, Yeo MG2, Oh BK3, Kim HY4, Yang HJ5, Cho SS6, Gil M7, Lee KJ. (PubMed)

Turmeric Kills Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer Cells In Vitro

By Kyle J. Norton

Cancer is a class of medical and chronic diseases caused by irregular cell growth due to the alternation of cell DNA in the tissue of a specific organ.

Cancer cell that grows and multiplies disorderly and uncontrollably over time can induce the forming of tumor after penetrating into deeper layers of the infected organ tissue.

At the advanced stage, most invasive tumors can travel a distance away to infect other organs in the body via lymph or blood.

The lung is a vital organ located near the backbone on either side of the heart with functions of inhaling oxygen from the air before passing them to other parts of the body and exhaling carbon dioxide from the bloodstream.

Lung cancer is a condition of the abnormal growth of the cells in the lung's tissue. Most common form of primary lung cancers is derived from epithelial cells.

According to the statistics provided by the American Cancer Society, lung cancer is by far the leading cause of cancer death among both men and women in the US. Believe it or not, each year, more people die of lung cancer than of colon, breast, and prostate cancers combined.

Most people diagnosed with lung cancer are 65 or older, compared to a very small number of those younger than 45.

Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is the most common type of lung cancer, that usually grows and spreads methodically and predictably including
* Squamous-cell carcinoma is a type of NSCLC often found in an outer area of the lung.

* Large-cell carcinoma is a type of NSCLC found in the center of the lung by an air tube.

* Adenocarcinoma is types of NSCLC found in any part of the lung.

Dr. Paris D. Makrantonakis, the lead scientist in examined the correlation of NSCLC risk and treatment in elderly wrote, "The population is aging both in developing and developed countries. What is clear is that currently, over 50% of all patients with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) are 65 years of age or older".

And, "recently published studies have focused on the issue and have provided strong evidence of improved progression-free survival, overall survival, and quality of life in elderly patients with appropriately treated NSCLC".

Turmeric is a perennial plant in the genus Curcuma, belongings to the family Zingiberaceae, native to tropical South Asia.

The herb has been used in traditional medicine as anti-oxidant, hypoglycemic, colorant, antiseptic, wound healing agent, and to treat flatulence, bloating, and appetite loss, ulcers, eczema, inflammations, etc.

On finding a potential ingredient for the treatment of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), researchers examined the effect of curcumin on the expression of adiponectin in paired tumors and normal lung tissues from 77 patients with NSCLC.

Epidemiologically, patients with low adiponectin expression ratio (<1) were found to have significantly longer survival time compared to those with high expression ratio and adiponectin may be a prognostic indicator of NSCLC.

Administration of curcumin showed to inhibit the migratory and invasive ability of A549 cells by inhibiting the adiponectin expression. 

Furthermore, Curcumin treatment also inhibited the in vivo tumor growth of A549 cells associated with the adiponectin expression.

More precisely, the efficacy of curcumin that inhibits the NSCLC was attributed to the mediation of pathways involving in promoting tumor invasion.

Additionally, according to the Shanxi Province Tumor Hospital study, curcumin inhibited the A549 cells proliferation also was found by decreasing intracellular ROS levels and increasing SOD and gamma-glutamylcysteine synthetase (γ-GCS) activity passcode with cancer cells apoptosis.

The results strongly suggested that curcumin-induced reduction of A549 viability. by inhibiting the expression of oxidative stress.

Taken altogether, turmeric processed abundantly bioactive compound curcumin may be considered supplements for the prevention and treatment of non-small cell lung cancer, pending to the confirmation of the larger sample size and multicenter human study.

Intake of turmeric in the form of supplement should be taken with extreme care to prevent overdose acute liver toxicity.

Natural Medicine for Fatty Liver And Obesity Reversal - The Revolutionary Findings To Achieve Optimal Health And Lose Weight

How To Get Rid Of Eye Floaters 
Contrary To Professionals Prediction, Floaters Can Be Cured Naturally 

Ovarian Cysts And PCOS Elimination
Holistic System In Existence That Will Show You How To
Permanently Eliminate All Types of Ovarian Cysts Within 2 Months

Back to Kyle J. Norton Homepage http://kylejnorton.blogspot.ca


Author Biography
Kyle J. Norton (Scholar, Master of Nutrition, All right reserved)
Health article writer and researcher; Over 10.000 articles and research papers have been written and published online, including worldwide health, ezine articles, article base, health blogs, self-growth, best before it's news, the karate GB daily, etc.,.
Named TOP 50 MEDICAL ESSAYS FOR ARTISTS & AUTHORS TO READ by Disilgold.com Named 50 of the best health Tweeters Canada - Huffington Post
Nominated for shorty award over last 4 years
Some articles have been used as references in medical research, such as international journal Pharma and Bioscience, ISSN 0975-6299.

Sources
(1) Curcumin Inhibits Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer Cells Metastasis through the Adiponectin/NF-κb/MMPs Signaling Pathway by Tsai JR1,2, Liu PL1, Chen YH3, Chou SH1,4, Cheng YJ5, Hwang JJ1,2, Chong IW. (PubMed)
(2) Curcumin inhibits the growth via Wnt/β-catenin pathway in non-small-cell lung cancer cells by Wang JY1, Wang X, Wang XJ, Zheng BZ, Wang Y, Wang X, Liang B. (PubMed)
(3) Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer in the Elderly by Paris D. Makrantonakis, Eleni Galani, and Peter G. Harper. (The Oncologist)

Lycopene Inhibits the Initiation and Progression of Liver Cancer in Vitro and Vivo

By Kyle J. Norton

Liver cancer is a medical and chronic condition associated with cell growth disorderly in the liver tissue.

Liver cell DNA alternation is the most common cause of liver cancer. Researchers as of today, no not know the exact cause of liver cancer. They also can not explain why some people are susceptible to liver cancer while others with the same health condition in the same family do not.

The liver is the largest internal organ that only filters the blood from the intestines before passing them to other parts of the body, but also produces bile to build strong cell membranes, aid digestion, production of steroid hormones and vitamin D.

Believe it or not, the liver also plays a critical role to inhibit the overexpression of free radical through its production of antioxidant enzymes.

Most cases of liver cancer start in the cells on the surface of the inner lining of liver tissue before penetrating into deeper layers to form a tumor.

According to the statistics, liver cancer is the sixth most common cancer worldwide, with 782,000 new cases diagnosed in 2012 with 83% in less developed countries,

The world with the most common incidence of liver cancer in Asia and Africa compared to the lowest incidence in Europe and in Latin America and the Caribbean.

Dr. Qiu-Ye Lan, the lead scientist in the evaluation of dietary patterns and primary liver cancer in Chinese adults wrote, " ( in the comparison of 3 different diets) Three dietary patterns were identified: 1) an urban prudent dietary pattern (UPDP) characterized by high in dairy products, eggs, mushrooms, nuts, and soy foods, but low in refined grains; 2) a traditional Cantonese dietary pattern (TCDP) consisting of a high intake of fruit and vegetables, fish, Cantonese soup, and Chinese herb tea; and 3) a high meat and preserved food pattern (MPFP)".

And, "Our findings suggest that the UPDP and TCDP were associated with lower, whereas the MPFP with a higher, risk of PLC".

In other words, high meat and preserved food diet are associated with a substantial risk of liver cancer developing.

Lycopene is a phytochemical in the class of carotenoid, a natural pigment with no vitamin A activity found abundantly in tomatoes and other red fruits and vegetables, such as red carrots, watermelons, and papayas,

Tomatoes provide about 80% of the lycopene in the world diet. In plants, lycopene protects the host against excessive photodamage and perform various functions in photosynthesis.

With an aim to find a natural compound for the treatment of liver cancer, the effects of lycopene on NOX4 metastatic action.

On human liver adenocarcinoma S-Hep-1 cells, lycopene (0.1-5 μM) exerted a strong effect in the inhibition of cancer cells metastasis.

At the concentration of 2.5 μM, lycopene exhibited the greatest activity against the expression NOX4 protein in orchestrating the production of ROS.

Furthermore, lycopene also decreased the expression of transforming growth factor β (TGF-β) migration, invasion, and adhesion activity and matrix metalloproteinase 9 (MMP-9) and MMP-2 in facilitating the cancer cells progression and metastasis.

Based on the finding, researchers said, "the downregulation of NOX4 could mimic lycopene by inhibiting cell migration and the activities of MMP-9 and MMP-2 during the incubation with or without TGF-β on SK-Hep-1 cells".

Additionally, in the examined the tomato extract (LycT) effects on hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) development, researchers examined results of female Balb/c mice (8-10 wk) assigned to 4 groups: control, NDEA (200 mg NDEA i.p./kg body weight, cumulative), LycT (5 mg lycopene orally/kg body weight; 3 times a week), and LycT + NDEA. LycT treatment began 2 wk before NDEA administration and continued until the end of the 10 wk study.

According to the tested differentiation, LycT treatment showed a significantly activity in reducing levels of liver oxidative stress markers associated with the development of liver cancer, including alanine transaminases (ALT), aspartate transaminases (AST), and alkaline phosphatases (ALP), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), urea, A/G ratio, and bilirubin.

Furthermore, proteins associated with cancer cells migration, proliferation, angiogenesis, hypoxia, and metastasis also were inhibited by LycT treatment, compared to NDEA group.

Collectively, Dr. Bhatia N, the lead scientist wrote, "prophylactic dietary supplementation with LycT may counteract HCC progression and/or protect against disease onset".

Taken altogether, lycopene may be considered supplements for the prevention and treatment of liver cancer, pending on the confirmation of the larger sample size and multicenter human study.

Intake of lycopene in the form of supplement should be taken with extreme care to prevent overdose acute liver toxicity.

Natural Medicine for Fatty Liver And Obesity Reversal - The Revolutionary Findings To Achieve Optimal Health And Lose Weight

How To Get Rid Of Eye Floaters 
Contrary To Professionals Prediction, Floaters Can Be Cured Naturally 

Ovarian Cysts And PCOS Elimination
Holistic System In Existence That Will Show You How To
Permanently Eliminate All Types of Ovarian Cysts Within 2 Months

Back to Kyle J. Norton Homepage http://kylejnorton.blogspot.ca


Author Biography
Kyle J. Norton (Scholar, Master of Nutrition, All right reserved)
Health article writer and researcher; Over 10.000 articles and research papers have been written and published online, including worldwide health, ezine articles, article base, health blogs, self-growth, best before it's news, the karate GB daily, etc.,.
Named TOP 50 MEDICAL ESSAYS FOR ARTISTS & AUTHORS TO READ by Disilgold.com Named 50 of the best health Tweeters Canada - Huffington Post
Nominated for shorty award over last 4 years
Some articles have been used as references in medical research, such as international journal Pharma and Bioscience, ISSN 0975-6299.

Sources
(1) Lycopene Inhibits Metastasis of Human Liver Adenocarcinoma SK-Hep-1 Cells by Downregulation of NADPH Oxidase 4 Protein Expression by Jhou BY1, Song TY2, Lee I3, Hu ML1,4, Yang NC. (PubMed)
(2) Lycopene Enriched Tomato Extract Inhibits Hypoxia, Angiogenesis, and Metastatic Markers in early Stage N-Nitrosodiethylamine Induced Hepatocellular Carcinoma by Bhatia N1, Gupta P1, Singh B1,2, Koul A. (PubMed)
(3) Dietary patterns and primary liver cancer in Chinese adults: a case-control study by Qiu-Ye Lan,1 Gong-Cheng Liao,1 Rui-Fen Zhou,1 Pei-Yan Chen,1 Xiao-Yan Wang,1Min-Shan Chen,2 Yu-Ming Chen,1 and Hui-Lian Zhu. (PMC)

Tocopherols Deficiency in the Association with Cognitive Impairment

By Kyle J. Norton

Cognition is the process of the brain associated with the attention of working memory, producing and comprehending language, learning, reasoning, problem-solving, and decision making.

Cognitive impairment is the condition, affecting a person's thinking, communication, understanding or memory. Cognitive impairment can be acute or chronic.

Acute cognitive impairment is a short-term health problem caused by delirium, an acutely disturbed state of mind due to drugs (toxicity and withdrawal), electrolyte disturbance, lack of drugs, liver disease, infection, reduced sensory input, intracranial urinary retention/fecal impaction or m Myocardial/metabolic/pulmonary.

Chronic cognitive impairment is a permanent medical condition associated with problems of language, ideomotor and constructive praxis, visual gnosis, spatial attention, learning abilities, and executive functions.

People with mild cognitive impairment (MCI) are at greater risk in the development of dementia, including Alzheimer's Disease.

According to the statistic provided by the Center for Disease Control and Prevention, more than 16 million people in the United States are living with cognitive impairment and these numbers are increasing at an alarming rate.

Sadly, the CDC continued, "An estimated 5.1 million Americans aged 65 years or older may currently have Alzheimer’s disease, the most well-known form of cognitive impairment; this number may rise to 13.2 million by 2050".

The causes of cognitive impairment are unknown. However, researchers suggested that aging, genetically mutated gene inherited from parents, such as Down's Syndrome, Fetal Alcohol Syndrome (FAS), autism, persistent mental health problems, together with unhealthy diet and lifestyle are associated with the onset of cognitive impairment.

Tocopherols are phytochemicals of which many have vitamin E activity, belongings to the group of Lipids, found abundantly in butter, egg yolk, milk fat, some vegetable, and seed or nut oils, etc.

On finding a potential phytochemical for the treatment of neurological diseases, researchers examined all plasma vitamin E forms on mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and Alzheimer's disease (AD).

The study included 168 AD cases, 166 MCI, and 187 cognitively normal (CN) people.

According to the analysis,
* AD and MCI patients showed lower levels of total tocopherols, total tocotrienols, and total vitamin E, compared to cognitively normal subjects;

* Furthermore, both MCI and AD cases had 85% lower odds to be in the highest tertile of total tocopherols and total vitamin E.

* Most importantly, both disorders were associated with increased vitamin E damage.

Based on the findings, researchers said, "Low plasma tocopherols and tocotrienols levels are associated with increased odds of MCI and AD".

Taken altogether, tocopherols combined with tocotrienols may be considered supplements for the improvement of cognitive impairment in patients with tocopherols and tocotrienols deficiency, pending to the confirmation of the larger sample size and multicenter human study.

Intake of tocopherols in the form of supplements should be taken with extreme care to prevent overdose acute liver toxicity.


Natural Medicine for Fatty Liver And Obesity Reversal - The Revolutionary Findings To Achieve Optimal Health And Lose Weight

How To Get Rid Of Eye Floaters 
Contrary To Professionals Prediction, Floaters Can Be Cured Naturally 

Ovarian Cysts And PCOS Elimination
Holistic System In Existence That Will Show You. How-To
Permanently Eliminate All Types of Ovarian Cysts Within 2 Months

Back to Kyle J. Norton Homepage http://kylejnorton.blogspot.ca


Author Biography
Kyle J. Norton (Scholar, Master of Nutrition, All right reserved)
Health article writer and researcher; Over 10.000 articles and research papers have been written and published online, including worldwide health, ezine articles, article base, health blogs, self-growth, best before it's news, the karate GB daily, etc.,.
Named TOP 50 MEDICAL ESSAYS FOR ARTISTS & AUTHORS TO READ by Disilgold.com Named 50 of the best health Tweeters Canada - Huffington Post
Nominated for shorty award over last 4 years
Some articles have been used as references in medical research, such as international journal Pharma and Bioscience, ISSN 0975-6299.

Sources
(1) Tocopherols and tocotrienols plasma levels are associated with cognitive impairment by Mangialasche F1, Xu W, Kivipelto M, Costanzi E, Ercolani S, Pigliautile M, Cecchetti R, Baglioni M, Simmons A, Soininen H, Tsolaki M, Kloszewska I, Vellas B, Lovestone S, Mecocci P; AddNeuroMed Consortium. (PubMed)

Beta-sitosterol Oxidation Products (SOPs) Exerts the Similar Side Effects as of Cholesterol Oxidation

By Kyle J. Norton
Antioxidants are stable atom that plays a critical role in protecting the body against the attack of free radicals.

In other words, antioxidants inhibited the onset of free radical before they can cause a chain reaction in facilitating the protein, lipid and cell damage.

Antioxidants can either produced by the liver or intake from dietary sources. Under normal conditions, antioxidant enzymes produced by the body in a healthy individual are good enough to counter the bombardment of free radical attacks.

There are 3 main types of antioxidants found in nature, including
* Antioxidant enzymes produced by the host, including superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase, glutathione reductase, and catalases.

* Antioxidants vitamins, that may be injected from the dietary sources such as fruits and vegetables, including vitamins A, C, D, and E. Most antioxidant vitamins are considered free radical scavengers that gobble up free radicals before they can induce a cascade of damage.

* Antioxidant Phytochemicals found in the plant including second metabolites.

Antioxidants keep our bodies functioning properly by reducing the risk of diseases associated with oxidative stress.

Oxidative stress is a result of an imbalance of the ratio of free radicals and antioxidants in the body.

Free radicals are highly reactive molecules with an unpaired electron on the outer ring of the atom.
Due to its nature to become stable, free radicals readily to donate or steal an electron from other molecules, leading to the chain of domino's effect that can not be stopped until either the electrons are paired or inhibited by antioxidants.

This chain of reaction is the cause of oxidative stress, a condition is associated with either overexpression of free radicals or depletion of antioxidant enzymes produced by the host organs.

Beta-Sitosterol is a phytochemical in the class of Phytosterols, belongings to the group of Lipids, found abundantly in avocados, rice bran, wheat germ, corn oils, fennel, peanuts, soybeans, hawthorn, basil, buckwheat. etc.

On finding a potential phytochemical for the prevention and treatment of diseases associated with oxidative stress, researchers examined the beta-sitosterol oxidation products (SOPs) negative health effects.

SOPs were found to elevate the level of reactive oxygen species in rat aortic endothelial cells, and the effects were reversed by antioxidants tempol, tiron, or diphenylene iodonium

In other words, SOPs elevated the levels of cholesterol have a strong implication on the risk of atherosclerosis, cardiovascular diseases.

According to the experimental analysis,
* Both cholesterol and beta-sitosterol were thermally unstable with 75% of cholesterol and beta-sitosterol being oxidized at 180 degrees C for 2 h.
* The oxidation behavior of beta-sitosterol was similar to that of cholesterol in terms of oxidative rate and oxidation products.

* Both cholesterol and beta-sitosterol were oxidized more slowly in corn oil, lard, and olive oil,

More precisely, the slowed oxidation of cholesterol and beta-sitosterol was attributable to the unsaponified antioxidants present in these fat and oils.

* However, GTC, alpha-tocopherol, and quercetin were more effective than green tea catechins (GTC) in preventing the oxidation of cholesterol and beta-sitosterol.

Taken altogether, beta-sitosterol oxidation products (SOPs) used as a supplement should be taken with care as they exerted similar and negative health benefits, pending to the confirmation of the larger sample size and multicenter human study.

Intake of beta-Sitosterol in the form of supplements should be taken with extreme care to prevent overdose acute liver toxicity.


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Author Biography
Kyle J. Norton (Scholar, Master of Nutrition, All right reserved)
Health article writer and researcher; Over 10.000 articles and research papers have been written and published online, including worldwide health, ezine articles, article base, health blogs, self-growth, best before it's news, the karate GB daily, etc.,.
Named TOP 50 MEDICAL ESSAYS FOR ARTISTS & AUTHORS TO READ by Disilgold.com Named 50 of the best health Tweeters Canada - Huffington Post
Nominated for shorty award over last 4 years
Some articles have been used as references in medical research, such as international journal Pharma and Bioscience, ISSN 0975-6299.

Sources
(1) Oxidation of cholesterol and beta-sitosterol and prevention by natural antioxidants by Xu G1, Guan L, Sun J, Chen ZY. (PubMed)