Posted By Kyle J. Norton
Health article writer and researcher; Over 10.000 articles and
research papers have been written and published on line, including
world wide health, ezine articles, article base, healthblogs,
selfgrowth, best before it's news, the karate GB daily, etc.,.
Named TOP 50 MEDICAL ESSAYS FOR ARTISTS & AUTHORS TO READ by
Disilgold.com Named 50 of the best health Tweeters Canada - Huffington
Post
Nominated for shorty award over last 4 years
Some articles have been used as references in medical research, such as
international journal Pharma and Bio science, ISSN 0975-6299.
Recipe contributed by Yum-O, the family cook book by Rachel Ray,
Published by Clarkson Potter, New York.You can view her website at yum-o.org
Ingredients
3 cups of old fashioned (not instant) oatmeal
3 cups skim milk, plus more for serving
1/2 half cup brown sugar
1/2 cup dried dates, chopped
1/2 cup currants or raisins
1/2 teaspoon salt
Instructions
Combine oatmeal, milk, and 4 cups water in large, deep saucepan and
bring to a boil over medium-high heat. When it boils, quickly turn the
heat down to very low. Stir in brown sugar, dried fruits and salt and
cook at a low simmer for 15 to 20 minutes, or until very thick and
creamy. Stir often to prevent the bottom from scorching.
Serve with additional milk, or cool and refrigerate to reheat later in the wee;.
Serves 8
Super foods Library, Eat Yourself Healthy With The Best of the Best Nature Has to Offer
Back to Obesity's Complications http://kylejnorton.blogspot.ca/p/obesitys-complications.html
Back to Kyle J. Norton Home page http://kylejnorton.blogspot.ca
Thursday 27 November 2014
Wednesday 26 November 2014
(Preview) Most common diseases of 50 plus - Thyroid Disease - Hashimoto’s thyroiditis : Preventions, Managements and Treatments
By Kyle J. Norton
Health article writer and researcher; Over 10.000 articles and research papers have been written and published on line, including world wide health, ezine articles, article base, healthblogs, selfgrowth, best before it's news, the karate GB daily, etc.,.
Named TOP 50 MEDICAL ESSAYS FOR ARTISTS & AUTHORS TO READ by Disilgold.com Named 50 of the best health Tweeters Canada - Huffington Post
Nominated for shorty award over last 4 years
Some articles have been used as references in medical research, such as international journal Pharma and Bio science, ISSN 0975-6299.
Thyroid disease
Thyroid disease is defined as a condition of malfunction of thyroid gland.
Thyroid disease : Hashimoto’s thyroiditis
Hashimoto’s thyroiditis (chronic lymphocytic thyroiditis) is an autoimmune disease in which the immune system attacks the thyroid gland, causing an underactive thyroid gland (hypothyroidism).
According to the study by the University of Pisa, Women with Hashimoto’s thyroiditis (HT) suffer from symptoms independently from hypothyroidism and regardless thyroid dysfunction(a).
A. Symptoms
1. Dysphagia, shortness of breath, voice changes, and odynophagia
According to the ata of patients who underwent thyroidectomy from 2005 through 2009, by the Medical University of South Carolina, 52%, 26% and 8% of patients experienced symptoms of dysphagia and shortness of breath; voice changes, and complained of odynophagia, respectively(1).
2. Anxiety, negative mood, depression, dry skin, cold intolerance, puffy eyes, muscle cramps and fatigue, deep voice, constipation, slow thinking and poor memory.
Hashimoto’s thyroiditis is a common auto-immune disorder. The most common presenting symptoms may include anxiety, negative mood, depression, dry skin, cold intolerance, puffy eyes, muscle cramps and fatigue, deep voice, constipation, slow thinking and poor memory, according to the study by the Leiden University Medical Center(2).
3. General health
Women with Hashimoto’s thyroiditis (HT) also with positive anti-thyroid autoantibodies(anti-TPO) are experience to a significantly higher prevalence of general health symptoms as compared to those without HT(2a).
4. Other symptoms
Swelling in front of the neck along with constipation, anorexia, weight gain and increasing pallor may also be symptoms of hypothyroid goiter (autoimmune thyroiditis, Hashimoto’s thyroidits), due to high level of thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH), low level of T4 with presence of thyroid specific antibodies in blood(2b).
B. Causes
1. Autoimmune disorder
The current knowledge on Hashimoto’s thyroiditis associated with concept of autoimmune thyroid disease is caused by autoimmune process in stimulation of abnormal production of antibodies, reacting with thyroglobulin and thyroid peroxidase(3a).
2. Primary hyperparathyroidism (PHPT)
Patients with primary hyperparathyroidism (PHPT) are susceptible to develop Hashimoto’s thyroiditis due to similar autoimmune inflammatory process with the rate ofoccurrenceof 1.89%(3).
2. Cerebellar ataxia
Both hypothyroidism and Hashimoto’s thyroiditis (HT) can rarely be associated with cerebellar ataxia.
but patients with hypothyroidism with history of severe essential tremor may develop Hashimoto’s thyroiditis(4).
C. Risk factors
1. Childhood weight gain and childhood overweight
Childhood weight gain and childhood overweight conferred an increased risk to later hypothyroidism and thyroid autoimmunity, particularly in women, according to the study by the Medical Research Council Unit for Lifelong Health and Ageing(5).
2. Genetic factors
CTLA-4 gene located in chromosome 2q33 region has a strong association with several autoimmune diseases, including Hashimoto’s thyroiditis(6).
3. Female
If you are female with type I diabetes, you are at increased risk for the development of HT,
according to the study of thyroid autoimmunity in a very large nationwide cohort of children and adolescents with type 1 diabetes, 63% of type I diabetes patients with positive antibodies were girls, compared with 45% of patients without antibodies(7).
4. Other risk factors
According to the study by the Kaunas University of Medicine, pregnancy, drugs, age, sex, infection, and irradiation may also be associated to the risk factors of Hashimoto's thyroiditis (HT)(8).
D. Diseases associated to Hashimoto’s thyroiditis
1. Hashimoto’s encephalopathy (HE)
Hashimoto’s encephalopathy (HE) is a rarely recognized neurocognitive syndrome associated with thyroid autoimmunity and occurred more common in women(14).
2. Neurofibromatosis Type 1
Hashimoto’s thyroiditis is a common form of chronic autoimmune thyroid disease (AITD) and often coexists with other autoimmune diseases, including Hashimoto’s thyroiditis(15).
3. Chronic hepatitis C(CHC)
The prevalence of of thyroid dysfunction is significantly higher among Chronic hepatitis C patients with Hashimoto’s thyroiditis(HT) than CHC patients without HT(16).
4. Reactive thrombocytosis
Reactive thrombocytosis, an elevated platelet count (> 450,000/μL) developed secondary to another disorder, including Hashimoto’s thyroiditis and/or subclinical hypothyroidism(17).
5. Thyroid papillary carcinoma
Patients with Thyroid papillary carcinoma are associated to 26.8% risk of HT without differences in relation to tumor size(18).
E. Misdiagnosis
Although fine-needle aspiration (FNA)is extremely valuable in the initial evaluation of thyroid lesions, with an accuracy of 98.6% and 80% positive predictive value, and 100% negative predictive value, misdiagnosis can be abserved(19).
1. Overlapping thyroid follicular lesions coexisting with Hashimoto’s thyroiditis
Overlapping cytological features of FN and HT were showed to be the main causes of false-positive results in diagnosis of thyroid follicular lesions coexisting with Hashimoto’s thyroiditis' dominant in some patients, if not taken account of presented forms of follicular-cell and/or moderate to excessive numbers of lymphoid cells(20).
2. Papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC)
An association between papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) and Hashimoto’s thyroiditis (HT) is well recognized, but papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) is most often misdiagnosed as either follicular neoplasm or colloid nodule with or without HT(21).
3. Follicular adenoma, nodular goiter, macrofollicular adenoma and malignant lymphoma
Hashimoto’s thyroiditis (HT) can be misdiagnosed as follicular adenoma, nodular goiter, macrofollicular adenoma and malignant lymphoma, if FNABs an associated lesion was not sampled or some of the cellular features of HT were misinterpreted(22).
4. Solitary thyroid nodule
Solitary thyroid nodule also can be misdiagnosed as Hurthle cell neoplasm on FNAC in patients of Hashimoto’s thyroiditis with marked Hurthle cell change(22a).
F. Diagnosis
After recording the past and present history and completing a physical exam, including assessing symptoms and complaints commonly seen in hypothyroidism and neck examination. The tests which your doctor orders may include
1. Blood test
The aim of the test is to determine the level of thyroid function. Underactive thyroid gland is presented with the low level of thyroid hormone with elevated TSH as your pituitary gland tries to stimulate your thyroid gland to produce more thyroid hormone.
2. An antibody test
The aim of the test is to check for the presence of antibodies against thyroid peroxidase, the an enzyme which plays an important role in the production of thyroid hormones.
3. Thyroid scan
Thyroid scan in Hashimoto’s thyroiditis can mimic a wide range of thyroid disorders, due to overlapping (23).
4. Fine needle aspiration cytology
FNAC can accurately diagnose Hashimoto’s thyroidits in most patients. However, a small percentage of cases may be missed due to the limitations of this procedure and the varied sell structures of the disease (24).
G. Prevention
G.1. Diet to prevent Hashimoto’s thyroiditis
1. Brazil Nuts and Sunflower Seeds
Selenium found abundantly in Brazil Nuts and sunflower seeds was significantly related to the production of thyroid gland. A low selenium status significantly increased the risk for thyroid enlargementand and development of multiple nodules(25a). Overdose may have a toxic effect on growth hormone, causing adverse effects of anorexia, diarrhea, depression, hemorrhage, liver and kidney necrosis, blindness, ataxia and respiratory disturbances(25).
2. Sea buckthorn
Sea buckthorn (Hippophae rhamnoides L.) constitutes thorny nitrogen fixing deciduous shrub. Sea buckthorn(SBT) is primarily valued for its very rich vitamins A, B(1), B(12), C, E, K, and P; flavonoids, lycopene, carotenoids, and phytosterols. and therapeutically important since it is rich with potent antioxidants. Scientifically evaluated pharmacological actions of SBT are like inflammation inhibited by reduced permeability, loss of follicular aggregation of lymphocytes from the inflamed synovium and suppress lymphocyte proliferation(26).
3. Balanced diet
Several trace minerals, including iodine, iron, selenium, and zinc. and trace elements are essential for normal thyroid hormone metabolism, Coexisting deficiencies of these elements can impair thyroid function. Iron deficiency impairs thyroid hormone synthesis and reduces the efficacy of iodine. Combined selenium and iodine deficiency leads to severely stunted physical and mental growths(27).
G.2. Phytochemicals and Antioxidants to prevent and treat Hashimoto’s thyroiditis
Patients with in Hashimoto’s thyroiditis (HT) were found to significant increase in oxidative stress parameters in serum and LDL-fraction(28).
1. Resveratrol
Resveratrol, found in skin and seed of grape regulates several biological processes, including sell cycle arrest, in both papillary and follicular thyroid cancer. resveratrol also influences thyroid function by enhancing iodide trapping and increasing TSH secretion(29).
2. Polyphenolic flavonoids
Polyphenolic flavonoids found in black and green tea extracts showed to alter the thyroid gland physiology and architecture, including inhibited enlargement of thyroid gland, decreased serum T3 and T4, and a parallel increase in serum thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH) at green tea extract at 2.5 g% and 5.0 g% doses and black tea extract at 5.0 g% dose(30).
3. Selenium
According to the study by the Hôpital du Cluzeau, selenium supplementation decreases anti-thyroid antibody levels and improves the ultrasound structure of the thyroid gland(31).
2. Vitamin D
Vitamin D deficiency may have a role in the autoimmune process in Hashimoto thyroiditis in children.
Children with Hashimoto thyroiditis showed to associate with higher vitamin D deficiency rates in comparison to vitamin D levels in the Hashimoto group(32).
H. Treatments
A. In conventional Medicine
1. Levothyroxine therapy
Beside monitoring thyroid functions of the patients with HT periodically for hypothyroidism, treatment of Levothyroxine therapy is necessary to improve positively affect the clinical course of the disease and the antibody titers(33).
2. Combination of liothyronine (T3) and levothyroxine
Although ombinations of levothyroxine plus liothyronine appear to have beneficial effects on the mood, quality of life, and psychometric performance of the patients over levothyroxine alone with the possibility of adverse effects, large sample size is necessary for further study(34).
H.2.In Herbal Medicine
1. Alkaloid tetrandrine
According to the study by the Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan, TTetrandrine (Tet), purified from a creeper Stephania tetrandra S Moore, used to treat patients with silicosis, autoimmune disorders, and hypertension in Mainland China for decades. exhibited a wide variety of immunosuppressive effects both in vitro and in vivo(38).
2. Salvia miltiorrhiza, Tripterygium wilfordi, Tanacetum parthenium and Curcuma longa
A number of herbal products used for their immunosuppressive effects, may be useful in immune-mediated disorders including autoimmune diseases and organ transplant rejection, including Salvia miltiorrhiza and Tripterygium wilfordii functions in reduced inflammatory cytokines and mediators, Tanacetum parthenium function in inhibited the release of pro-inflammatory mediators and Curcuma longa function in down regulates the expression of inflammation(39).
3. Radix Bupleuri
Radix Bupleuri, used most frequently prescribed crude herbs in the prescriptions of traditional Chinese medicine for the treatment of inflammatory diseases and auto-immune diseases showed to inhibit production of serum autoantibodies and total immunoglobulin G (IgG) with doses depended for 35 days
(40).
4. Polygonum multiflorum and Artemisia scoparia
According to the study by the National Taiwan University, emodin and scoparone, the active principles isolated from Polygonum multiflorum and Artemisia scoparia, respectively, both exhibit vasorelaxant and immunosuppressive effects. In dose depended the phytochemicals also suppressed the responses of white blood cells with a one-lobed nucleus, and cell proliferation(41).
H.3. In traditional Chinese Medicine
1. Aconite cake-separated moxibustion and option the better therapeutic program
Application of aconite cake-separated moxibustion therapy with acupoints of [(1) Danzhong (CV 17), Zhongwan (CV 12), Guanyuan (CV 4); (2) Dazhui (GV 14), Shenshu (BL 23), Mingmen (GV 4)] alternatively with oral administration of 25 microg Euthyrox everyday, showed to improve clinical symptoms and thyroid function in patients of Hashimoto’s thyroiditis, in comparison of simple oral administration of Euthyrox (levothyroxine)(35).
2. Brown seaweed Sargassum
Sargassum spp., a brown seaweed, used in Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) to treat a variety of diseases over 2000 years including thyroid disease, exhibited its immunomodulator effects and could be useful in the treatment of thyroid related diseases such as Hashimoto’s thyroiditis(36).
Chinese Secrets To Fatty Liver And Obesity Reversal
Use The Revolutionary Findings To Achieve
Optimal Health And Loose Weight
Super foods Library, Eat Yourself Healthy With The Best of the Best Nature Has to Offer
Back to Obesity's Complications http://kylejnorton.blogspot.ca/p/obesitys-complications.html
Back to Kyle J. Norton Home page http://kylejnorton.blogspot.ca
References
(1) http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22191404
(2) http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23744563
(2a) http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21112862
(2b) http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21381622
(3a) http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19667753
(3) http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23865082
(4) http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23439792
(5) http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23436917
(6) http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22851994
(7) http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12145233
(8) http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19667753
(14) http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23767389
(15) http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23691379
(16) http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23663880
(17) http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23518829
(18) http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23306572
(19) http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22619157
(20) http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12508180
(21) http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11403259
(22) http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10349369
(22a) http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22090699
(23) http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2847097
(24) http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22090699
(25) http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20883174
(25a) http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21242171
(26) http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22530142
(27) http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12487769
(28) http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22951187
(29) http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21946130
(30) http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20801949
(31) http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23046013
(32) http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22876540
(33) http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22155461
(34) http://jcem.endojournals.org/content/90/8/4946.full
(35) http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/?term=Hashimoto+thyroiditis+in+TCM
(37) http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2268942
(38) http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12466046
(39) http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22761185
(40) http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19467314
(41) http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1830846
Health article writer and researcher; Over 10.000 articles and research papers have been written and published on line, including world wide health, ezine articles, article base, healthblogs, selfgrowth, best before it's news, the karate GB daily, etc.,.
Named TOP 50 MEDICAL ESSAYS FOR ARTISTS & AUTHORS TO READ by Disilgold.com Named 50 of the best health Tweeters Canada - Huffington Post
Nominated for shorty award over last 4 years
Some articles have been used as references in medical research, such as international journal Pharma and Bio science, ISSN 0975-6299.
Thyroid disease
Thyroid disease is defined as a condition of malfunction of thyroid gland.
Thyroid disease : Hashimoto’s thyroiditis
Hashimoto’s thyroiditis (chronic lymphocytic thyroiditis) is an autoimmune disease in which the immune system attacks the thyroid gland, causing an underactive thyroid gland (hypothyroidism).
According to the study by the University of Pisa, Women with Hashimoto’s thyroiditis (HT) suffer from symptoms independently from hypothyroidism and regardless thyroid dysfunction(a).
A. Symptoms
1. Dysphagia, shortness of breath, voice changes, and odynophagia
According to the ata of patients who underwent thyroidectomy from 2005 through 2009, by the Medical University of South Carolina, 52%, 26% and 8% of patients experienced symptoms of dysphagia and shortness of breath; voice changes, and complained of odynophagia, respectively(1).
2. Anxiety, negative mood, depression, dry skin, cold intolerance, puffy eyes, muscle cramps and fatigue, deep voice, constipation, slow thinking and poor memory.
Hashimoto’s thyroiditis is a common auto-immune disorder. The most common presenting symptoms may include anxiety, negative mood, depression, dry skin, cold intolerance, puffy eyes, muscle cramps and fatigue, deep voice, constipation, slow thinking and poor memory, according to the study by the Leiden University Medical Center(2).
3. General health
Women with Hashimoto’s thyroiditis (HT) also with positive anti-thyroid autoantibodies(anti-TPO) are experience to a significantly higher prevalence of general health symptoms as compared to those without HT(2a).
4. Other symptoms
Swelling in front of the neck along with constipation, anorexia, weight gain and increasing pallor may also be symptoms of hypothyroid goiter (autoimmune thyroiditis, Hashimoto’s thyroidits), due to high level of thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH), low level of T4 with presence of thyroid specific antibodies in blood(2b).
B. Causes
1. Autoimmune disorder
The current knowledge on Hashimoto’s thyroiditis associated with concept of autoimmune thyroid disease is caused by autoimmune process in stimulation of abnormal production of antibodies, reacting with thyroglobulin and thyroid peroxidase(3a).
2. Primary hyperparathyroidism (PHPT)
Patients with primary hyperparathyroidism (PHPT) are susceptible to develop Hashimoto’s thyroiditis due to similar autoimmune inflammatory process with the rate ofoccurrenceof 1.89%(3).
2. Cerebellar ataxia
Both hypothyroidism and Hashimoto’s thyroiditis (HT) can rarely be associated with cerebellar ataxia.
but patients with hypothyroidism with history of severe essential tremor may develop Hashimoto’s thyroiditis(4).
C. Risk factors
1. Childhood weight gain and childhood overweight
Childhood weight gain and childhood overweight conferred an increased risk to later hypothyroidism and thyroid autoimmunity, particularly in women, according to the study by the Medical Research Council Unit for Lifelong Health and Ageing(5).
2. Genetic factors
CTLA-4 gene located in chromosome 2q33 region has a strong association with several autoimmune diseases, including Hashimoto’s thyroiditis(6).
3. Female
If you are female with type I diabetes, you are at increased risk for the development of HT,
according to the study of thyroid autoimmunity in a very large nationwide cohort of children and adolescents with type 1 diabetes, 63% of type I diabetes patients with positive antibodies were girls, compared with 45% of patients without antibodies(7).
4. Other risk factors
According to the study by the Kaunas University of Medicine, pregnancy, drugs, age, sex, infection, and irradiation may also be associated to the risk factors of Hashimoto's thyroiditis (HT)(8).
D. Diseases associated to Hashimoto’s thyroiditis
1. Hashimoto’s encephalopathy (HE)
Hashimoto’s encephalopathy (HE) is a rarely recognized neurocognitive syndrome associated with thyroid autoimmunity and occurred more common in women(14).
2. Neurofibromatosis Type 1
Hashimoto’s thyroiditis is a common form of chronic autoimmune thyroid disease (AITD) and often coexists with other autoimmune diseases, including Hashimoto’s thyroiditis(15).
3. Chronic hepatitis C(CHC)
The prevalence of of thyroid dysfunction is significantly higher among Chronic hepatitis C patients with Hashimoto’s thyroiditis(HT) than CHC patients without HT(16).
4. Reactive thrombocytosis
Reactive thrombocytosis, an elevated platelet count (> 450,000/μL) developed secondary to another disorder, including Hashimoto’s thyroiditis and/or subclinical hypothyroidism(17).
5. Thyroid papillary carcinoma
Patients with Thyroid papillary carcinoma are associated to 26.8% risk of HT without differences in relation to tumor size(18).
E. Misdiagnosis
Although fine-needle aspiration (FNA)is extremely valuable in the initial evaluation of thyroid lesions, with an accuracy of 98.6% and 80% positive predictive value, and 100% negative predictive value, misdiagnosis can be abserved(19).
1. Overlapping thyroid follicular lesions coexisting with Hashimoto’s thyroiditis
Overlapping cytological features of FN and HT were showed to be the main causes of false-positive results in diagnosis of thyroid follicular lesions coexisting with Hashimoto’s thyroiditis' dominant in some patients, if not taken account of presented forms of follicular-cell and/or moderate to excessive numbers of lymphoid cells(20).
2. Papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC)
An association between papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) and Hashimoto’s thyroiditis (HT) is well recognized, but papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) is most often misdiagnosed as either follicular neoplasm or colloid nodule with or without HT(21).
3. Follicular adenoma, nodular goiter, macrofollicular adenoma and malignant lymphoma
Hashimoto’s thyroiditis (HT) can be misdiagnosed as follicular adenoma, nodular goiter, macrofollicular adenoma and malignant lymphoma, if FNABs an associated lesion was not sampled or some of the cellular features of HT were misinterpreted(22).
4. Solitary thyroid nodule
Solitary thyroid nodule also can be misdiagnosed as Hurthle cell neoplasm on FNAC in patients of Hashimoto’s thyroiditis with marked Hurthle cell change(22a).
F. Diagnosis
After recording the past and present history and completing a physical exam, including assessing symptoms and complaints commonly seen in hypothyroidism and neck examination. The tests which your doctor orders may include
1. Blood test
The aim of the test is to determine the level of thyroid function. Underactive thyroid gland is presented with the low level of thyroid hormone with elevated TSH as your pituitary gland tries to stimulate your thyroid gland to produce more thyroid hormone.
2. An antibody test
The aim of the test is to check for the presence of antibodies against thyroid peroxidase, the an enzyme which plays an important role in the production of thyroid hormones.
3. Thyroid scan
Thyroid scan in Hashimoto’s thyroiditis can mimic a wide range of thyroid disorders, due to overlapping (23).
4. Fine needle aspiration cytology
FNAC can accurately diagnose Hashimoto’s thyroidits in most patients. However, a small percentage of cases may be missed due to the limitations of this procedure and the varied sell structures of the disease (24).
G. Prevention
G.1. Diet to prevent Hashimoto’s thyroiditis
1. Brazil Nuts and Sunflower Seeds
Selenium found abundantly in Brazil Nuts and sunflower seeds was significantly related to the production of thyroid gland. A low selenium status significantly increased the risk for thyroid enlargementand and development of multiple nodules(25a). Overdose may have a toxic effect on growth hormone, causing adverse effects of anorexia, diarrhea, depression, hemorrhage, liver and kidney necrosis, blindness, ataxia and respiratory disturbances(25).
2. Sea buckthorn
Sea buckthorn (Hippophae rhamnoides L.) constitutes thorny nitrogen fixing deciduous shrub. Sea buckthorn(SBT) is primarily valued for its very rich vitamins A, B(1), B(12), C, E, K, and P; flavonoids, lycopene, carotenoids, and phytosterols. and therapeutically important since it is rich with potent antioxidants. Scientifically evaluated pharmacological actions of SBT are like inflammation inhibited by reduced permeability, loss of follicular aggregation of lymphocytes from the inflamed synovium and suppress lymphocyte proliferation(26).
3. Balanced diet
Several trace minerals, including iodine, iron, selenium, and zinc. and trace elements are essential for normal thyroid hormone metabolism, Coexisting deficiencies of these elements can impair thyroid function. Iron deficiency impairs thyroid hormone synthesis and reduces the efficacy of iodine. Combined selenium and iodine deficiency leads to severely stunted physical and mental growths(27).
G.2. Phytochemicals and Antioxidants to prevent and treat Hashimoto’s thyroiditis
Patients with in Hashimoto’s thyroiditis (HT) were found to significant increase in oxidative stress parameters in serum and LDL-fraction(28).
1. Resveratrol
Resveratrol, found in skin and seed of grape regulates several biological processes, including sell cycle arrest, in both papillary and follicular thyroid cancer. resveratrol also influences thyroid function by enhancing iodide trapping and increasing TSH secretion(29).
2. Polyphenolic flavonoids
Polyphenolic flavonoids found in black and green tea extracts showed to alter the thyroid gland physiology and architecture, including inhibited enlargement of thyroid gland, decreased serum T3 and T4, and a parallel increase in serum thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH) at green tea extract at 2.5 g% and 5.0 g% doses and black tea extract at 5.0 g% dose(30).
3. Selenium
According to the study by the Hôpital du Cluzeau, selenium supplementation decreases anti-thyroid antibody levels and improves the ultrasound structure of the thyroid gland(31).
2. Vitamin D
Vitamin D deficiency may have a role in the autoimmune process in Hashimoto thyroiditis in children.
Children with Hashimoto thyroiditis showed to associate with higher vitamin D deficiency rates in comparison to vitamin D levels in the Hashimoto group(32).
H. Treatments
A. In conventional Medicine
1. Levothyroxine therapy
Beside monitoring thyroid functions of the patients with HT periodically for hypothyroidism, treatment of Levothyroxine therapy is necessary to improve positively affect the clinical course of the disease and the antibody titers(33).
2. Combination of liothyronine (T3) and levothyroxine
Although ombinations of levothyroxine plus liothyronine appear to have beneficial effects on the mood, quality of life, and psychometric performance of the patients over levothyroxine alone with the possibility of adverse effects, large sample size is necessary for further study(34).
H.2.In Herbal Medicine
1. Alkaloid tetrandrine
According to the study by the Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan, TTetrandrine (Tet), purified from a creeper Stephania tetrandra S Moore, used to treat patients with silicosis, autoimmune disorders, and hypertension in Mainland China for decades. exhibited a wide variety of immunosuppressive effects both in vitro and in vivo(38).
2. Salvia miltiorrhiza, Tripterygium wilfordi, Tanacetum parthenium and Curcuma longa
A number of herbal products used for their immunosuppressive effects, may be useful in immune-mediated disorders including autoimmune diseases and organ transplant rejection, including Salvia miltiorrhiza and Tripterygium wilfordii functions in reduced inflammatory cytokines and mediators, Tanacetum parthenium function in inhibited the release of pro-inflammatory mediators and Curcuma longa function in down regulates the expression of inflammation(39).
3. Radix Bupleuri
Radix Bupleuri, used most frequently prescribed crude herbs in the prescriptions of traditional Chinese medicine for the treatment of inflammatory diseases and auto-immune diseases showed to inhibit production of serum autoantibodies and total immunoglobulin G (IgG) with doses depended for 35 days
(40).
4. Polygonum multiflorum and Artemisia scoparia
According to the study by the National Taiwan University, emodin and scoparone, the active principles isolated from Polygonum multiflorum and Artemisia scoparia, respectively, both exhibit vasorelaxant and immunosuppressive effects. In dose depended the phytochemicals also suppressed the responses of white blood cells with a one-lobed nucleus, and cell proliferation(41).
H.3. In traditional Chinese Medicine
1. Aconite cake-separated moxibustion and option the better therapeutic program
Application of aconite cake-separated moxibustion therapy with acupoints of [(1) Danzhong (CV 17), Zhongwan (CV 12), Guanyuan (CV 4); (2) Dazhui (GV 14), Shenshu (BL 23), Mingmen (GV 4)] alternatively with oral administration of 25 microg Euthyrox everyday, showed to improve clinical symptoms and thyroid function in patients of Hashimoto’s thyroiditis, in comparison of simple oral administration of Euthyrox (levothyroxine)(35).
2. Brown seaweed Sargassum
Sargassum spp., a brown seaweed, used in Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) to treat a variety of diseases over 2000 years including thyroid disease, exhibited its immunomodulator effects and could be useful in the treatment of thyroid related diseases such as Hashimoto’s thyroiditis(36).
Chinese Secrets To Fatty Liver And Obesity Reversal
Use The Revolutionary Findings To Achieve
Optimal Health And Loose Weight
Super foods Library, Eat Yourself Healthy With The Best of the Best Nature Has to Offer
Back to Obesity's Complications http://kylejnorton.blogspot.ca/p/obesitys-complications.html
Back to Kyle J. Norton Home page http://kylejnorton.blogspot.ca
References
(1) http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22191404
(2) http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23744563
(2a) http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21112862
(2b) http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21381622
(3a) http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19667753
(3) http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23865082
(4) http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23439792
(5) http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23436917
(6) http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22851994
(7) http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12145233
(8) http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19667753
(14) http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23767389
(15) http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23691379
(16) http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23663880
(17) http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23518829
(18) http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23306572
(19) http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22619157
(20) http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12508180
(21) http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11403259
(22) http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10349369
(22a) http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22090699
(23) http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2847097
(24) http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22090699
(25) http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20883174
(25a) http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21242171
(26) http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22530142
(27) http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12487769
(28) http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22951187
(29) http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21946130
(30) http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20801949
(31) http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23046013
(32) http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22876540
(33) http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22155461
(34) http://jcem.endojournals.org/content/90/8/4946.full
(35) http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/?term=Hashimoto+thyroiditis+in+TCM
(37) http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2268942
(38) http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12466046
(39) http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22761185
(40) http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19467314
(41) http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1830846
Women's Health - Premenstrual syndrome(PMS): The Adverse effects of Caffeine(Revised edition with references)
By Kyle J. Norton
Health article writer and researcher; Over 10.000 articles and research papers have been written and published on line, including world wide health, ezine articles, article base, healthblogs, selfgrowth, best before it's news, the karate GB daily, etc.,.
Named TOP 50 MEDICAL ESSAYS FOR ARTISTS & AUTHORS TO READ by Disilgold.com Named 50 of the best health Tweeters Canada - Huffington Post
Nominated for shorty award over last 4 years
Some articles have been used as references in medical research, such as international journal Pharma and Bio science, ISSN 0975-6299.
Premenstrual syndrome is defined as faulty function of the ovaries related to the women's menstrual cycle, effected over 70% to 90% of women in the US and lesser for women in Southeast Asia because of difference in living style and social structure. The syndrome also interferes women's physical and emotional states, and daily activities as a result of hormone fluctuation and occurs one to two weeks before menstruation and then declines when the period starts.
Caffeine
1. Vitamins and minerals deficiency
Food containing caffeine also contains tannin(1) which block the digestive system in absorbing of vitamins and minerals in the digestive tract(1)t including iron, zinc, copper(2), magnesium(3), etc., the vital vitamins and minerals for women with PMS.
2. Unbalance of blood sugar
Caffeine is a stimulant, it helps to improve the function of nervous system(4) if it is taken in a right dose. Over dose of caffeine causes suddenly surge and fall of blood sugar(5) in the blood stream resulting in over production of adrenaline hormone(6)(7) leading to symptoms of PMS(8).
3. Methylxathines
Methylxathines in food containing caffeine inhibits the actions of sleepiness induces adenosine(11) and treat symptoms of asthma(12)(13), but may exhibit side effects of breast tenderness(9), begnin lumps(9)(10) and breast pain(10).
4. Theophylline and theobromine
Foods containing caffeine also contains methylxathines and theobromine which contrite to relaxed muscle(14) and improved blood pressure, if they are taken in small dose. Over dose of methylxathines and theobromine may increase the risk of blood sugar unbalance(15) leading to over production adrenaline hormone(16) causes of PMS symptoms(8).
5. Addictive
Caffeine is so additive(17),. It narrows your blood vessels(18) when taken. complete stop suddenly may induce symptoms of greater sleepiness, lower mental alertness, and poorer performance on simple reaction time, choice reaction time and recognition memory tasks, etc.(19). It is wise to stop it slowly over a period of time.
1000 top Paleo Recipes
The Natural Way to Make Delicious, Healthy,
Fat-Burning Paleo Recipes Quickly And Easily
Super foods Library, Eat Yourself Healthy With The Best of the Best Nature Has to OfferFor over 1000 healthy recipes, visit http://kylejnorton.blogspot.ca/p/recipes.html
Back to Kyle J. Norton Home pagehttp://kylejnorton.blogspot.ca
References
(1) Assessment of Anti-nutritive Activity of Tannins in Tea By-products Based on In vitro Rumen Fermentation by Kondo M1, Hirano Y2, Ikai N3, Kita K4, Jayanegara A5, Yokota HO3.(PubMed)
(2) [Factors which modify the nutritional state of iron: tannin content of herbal teas].[Article in Spanish] by Pizarro F1, Olivares M, Hertrampf E, Walter T.(PubMed)
(3) Rhubarb tannins extract inhibits the expression of aquaporins 2 and 3 in magnesium sulphate-induced diarrhoea model by Liu C1, Zheng Y2, Xu W2, Wang H2, Lin N1.(PubMed)
(4) Caffeine and the central nervous system: mechanisms of action, biochemical, metabolic and psychostimulant effects by Nehlig A1, Daval JL, Debry G.(PubMed)
(4) [Comparison of caffeine citrate and aminophylline for treating primary apnea in premature infants].[Article in Chinese] by Xu JL1, Wang RQ, Chen DM.(PubMed)
(5) Caffeine's impairment of insulin-mediated glucose disposal cannot be solely attributed to adrenaline in humans by Battram DS1, Graham TE, Dela F.(PubMed)
(6) Adrenaline rush: the role of adrenergic receptors in stimulant-induced behaviors by Schmidt KT1, Weinshenker D.(PubMed)
(7) [Correlation between neurotransmitters and neurosteroids and premenstrual syndrome patients of Gan-yang ascending syndrome and Gan-qi stagnation syndrome].[Article in Chinese] by Gao H1, Xia T, Qiao MQ.(PubMed)
(8) Adrenaline rush: the role of adrenergic receptors in stimulant-induced behaviors by Schmidt KT1, Weinshenker D.(PubMed)
(9) Methylxanthines and benign breast disease by Schairer C, Brinton LA, Hoover RN.(PubMed)
(10) Caffeine restriction as initial treatment for breast pain by Russell LC.(PubMed)
(11) Effect of caffeine on intravenous adenosine-induced hyperemia in fractional flow reserve measurement by Matsumoto H1, Nakatsuma K, Shimada T, Ushimaru S, Mikuri M, Yamazaki T, Matsuda T.(PubMed)
(12) [Asthma bronchiale: lung function is affected by coffeine].[Article in German] by Dinh QT1, Bals R.(PubMed)
(13) Can we find better bronchodilators to relieve asthma symptoms? by Townsend EA1, Yim PD, Gallos G, Emala CW.(PubMed)
(14) Opposite actions of caffeine and creatine on muscle relaxation time in humans by Hespel P1, Op't Eijnde B, Van Leemputte M.(PubMed)
(15) Differential effects of methylxanthines on local cerebral blood flow and glucose utilization in the conscious rat by Grome JJ, Stefanovich V.(PubMed)
(16) Mood, alertness and sympathetic-adrenal medullary activity during the menstrual cycle by Pátkai P, Johannson G, Post B.(PubMed)
(17) The buzz: is caffeine addiction real?[No authors listed](PubMed)
(18) Effects of chronic administration of ethanolic extract of kolanut (Cola nitida) and caffeine on vascular function by Salahdeen HM, Omoaghe AO, Isehunwa GO, Murtala BA, Alada AR.(PubMed)
(19) Faster but not smarter: effects of caffeine and caffeine withdrawal on alertness and performance by Rogers PJ1, Heatherley SV, Mullings EL, Smith JE.(PubMed)
Health article writer and researcher; Over 10.000 articles and research papers have been written and published on line, including world wide health, ezine articles, article base, healthblogs, selfgrowth, best before it's news, the karate GB daily, etc.,.
Named TOP 50 MEDICAL ESSAYS FOR ARTISTS & AUTHORS TO READ by Disilgold.com Named 50 of the best health Tweeters Canada - Huffington Post
Nominated for shorty award over last 4 years
Some articles have been used as references in medical research, such as international journal Pharma and Bio science, ISSN 0975-6299.
Premenstrual syndrome is defined as faulty function of the ovaries related to the women's menstrual cycle, effected over 70% to 90% of women in the US and lesser for women in Southeast Asia because of difference in living style and social structure. The syndrome also interferes women's physical and emotional states, and daily activities as a result of hormone fluctuation and occurs one to two weeks before menstruation and then declines when the period starts.
Caffeine
1. Vitamins and minerals deficiency
Food containing caffeine also contains tannin(1) which block the digestive system in absorbing of vitamins and minerals in the digestive tract(1)t including iron, zinc, copper(2), magnesium(3), etc., the vital vitamins and minerals for women with PMS.
2. Unbalance of blood sugar
Caffeine is a stimulant, it helps to improve the function of nervous system(4) if it is taken in a right dose. Over dose of caffeine causes suddenly surge and fall of blood sugar(5) in the blood stream resulting in over production of adrenaline hormone(6)(7) leading to symptoms of PMS(8).
3. Methylxathines
Methylxathines in food containing caffeine inhibits the actions of sleepiness induces adenosine(11) and treat symptoms of asthma(12)(13), but may exhibit side effects of breast tenderness(9), begnin lumps(9)(10) and breast pain(10).
4. Theophylline and theobromine
Foods containing caffeine also contains methylxathines and theobromine which contrite to relaxed muscle(14) and improved blood pressure, if they are taken in small dose. Over dose of methylxathines and theobromine may increase the risk of blood sugar unbalance(15) leading to over production adrenaline hormone(16) causes of PMS symptoms(8).
5. Addictive
Caffeine is so additive(17),. It narrows your blood vessels(18) when taken. complete stop suddenly may induce symptoms of greater sleepiness, lower mental alertness, and poorer performance on simple reaction time, choice reaction time and recognition memory tasks, etc.(19). It is wise to stop it slowly over a period of time.
1000 top Paleo Recipes
The Natural Way to Make Delicious, Healthy,
Fat-Burning Paleo Recipes Quickly And Easily
Super foods Library, Eat Yourself Healthy With The Best of the Best Nature Has to OfferFor over 1000 healthy recipes, visit http://kylejnorton.blogspot.ca/p/recipes.html
Back to Kyle J. Norton Home pagehttp://kylejnorton.blogspot.ca
References
(1) Assessment of Anti-nutritive Activity of Tannins in Tea By-products Based on In vitro Rumen Fermentation by Kondo M1, Hirano Y2, Ikai N3, Kita K4, Jayanegara A5, Yokota HO3.(PubMed)
(2) [Factors which modify the nutritional state of iron: tannin content of herbal teas].[Article in Spanish] by Pizarro F1, Olivares M, Hertrampf E, Walter T.(PubMed)
(3) Rhubarb tannins extract inhibits the expression of aquaporins 2 and 3 in magnesium sulphate-induced diarrhoea model by Liu C1, Zheng Y2, Xu W2, Wang H2, Lin N1.(PubMed)
(4) Caffeine and the central nervous system: mechanisms of action, biochemical, metabolic and psychostimulant effects by Nehlig A1, Daval JL, Debry G.(PubMed)
(4) [Comparison of caffeine citrate and aminophylline for treating primary apnea in premature infants].[Article in Chinese] by Xu JL1, Wang RQ, Chen DM.(PubMed)
(5) Caffeine's impairment of insulin-mediated glucose disposal cannot be solely attributed to adrenaline in humans by Battram DS1, Graham TE, Dela F.(PubMed)
(6) Adrenaline rush: the role of adrenergic receptors in stimulant-induced behaviors by Schmidt KT1, Weinshenker D.(PubMed)
(7) [Correlation between neurotransmitters and neurosteroids and premenstrual syndrome patients of Gan-yang ascending syndrome and Gan-qi stagnation syndrome].[Article in Chinese] by Gao H1, Xia T, Qiao MQ.(PubMed)
(8) Adrenaline rush: the role of adrenergic receptors in stimulant-induced behaviors by Schmidt KT1, Weinshenker D.(PubMed)
(9) Methylxanthines and benign breast disease by Schairer C, Brinton LA, Hoover RN.(PubMed)
(10) Caffeine restriction as initial treatment for breast pain by Russell LC.(PubMed)
(11) Effect of caffeine on intravenous adenosine-induced hyperemia in fractional flow reserve measurement by Matsumoto H1, Nakatsuma K, Shimada T, Ushimaru S, Mikuri M, Yamazaki T, Matsuda T.(PubMed)
(12) [Asthma bronchiale: lung function is affected by coffeine].[Article in German] by Dinh QT1, Bals R.(PubMed)
(13) Can we find better bronchodilators to relieve asthma symptoms? by Townsend EA1, Yim PD, Gallos G, Emala CW.(PubMed)
(14) Opposite actions of caffeine and creatine on muscle relaxation time in humans by Hespel P1, Op't Eijnde B, Van Leemputte M.(PubMed)
(15) Differential effects of methylxanthines on local cerebral blood flow and glucose utilization in the conscious rat by Grome JJ, Stefanovich V.(PubMed)
(16) Mood, alertness and sympathetic-adrenal medullary activity during the menstrual cycle by Pátkai P, Johannson G, Post B.(PubMed)
(17) The buzz: is caffeine addiction real?[No authors listed](PubMed)
(18) Effects of chronic administration of ethanolic extract of kolanut (Cola nitida) and caffeine on vascular function by Salahdeen HM, Omoaghe AO, Isehunwa GO, Murtala BA, Alada AR.(PubMed)
(19) Faster but not smarter: effects of caffeine and caffeine withdrawal on alertness and performance by Rogers PJ1, Heatherley SV, Mullings EL, Smith JE.(PubMed)
Quick and #healthy #recipe: Asian Veggie Spread
Posted By Kyle J. Norton
Health article writer and researcher; Over 10.000 articles and research papers have been written and published on line, including world wide health, ezine articles, article base, healthblogs, selfgrowth, best before it's news, the karate GB daily, etc.,.
Named TOP 50 MEDICAL ESSAYS FOR ARTISTS & AUTHORS TO READ by Disilgold.com Named 50 of the best health Tweeters Canada - Huffington Post
Nominated for shorty award over last 4 years
Some articles have been used as references in medical research, such as international journal Pharma and Bio science, ISSN 0975-6299.
Recipe contributed by Yum-O, the family cook book by Rachel Ray, Published by Clarkson Potter, New York.You can view her website at yum-o.org
Ingredients
3 Scallions, green and white parts, finely
1/4 seedless cucumber, finely chopped
1 tablespoon tamari or soy sauce
8 ounces low-fat of regular cream cheese, at room temperature
Instructions
In a bowl, combine all of the ingredients and mix thoroughly
Serves 4
1000 top Paleo Recipes
The Natural Way to Make Delicious, Healthy,
Fat-Burning Paleo Recipes Quickly And Easily
Super foods Library, Eat Yourself Healthy With The Best of the Best Nature Has to OfferFor over 1000 healthy recipes, visit http://kylejnorton.blogspot.ca/p/recipes.html
Back to Kyle J. Norton Home pagehttp://kylejnorton.blogspot.ca
Health article writer and researcher; Over 10.000 articles and research papers have been written and published on line, including world wide health, ezine articles, article base, healthblogs, selfgrowth, best before it's news, the karate GB daily, etc.,.
Named TOP 50 MEDICAL ESSAYS FOR ARTISTS & AUTHORS TO READ by Disilgold.com Named 50 of the best health Tweeters Canada - Huffington Post
Nominated for shorty award over last 4 years
Some articles have been used as references in medical research, such as international journal Pharma and Bio science, ISSN 0975-6299.
Recipe contributed by Yum-O, the family cook book by Rachel Ray, Published by Clarkson Potter, New York.You can view her website at yum-o.org
Ingredients
3 Scallions, green and white parts, finely
1/4 seedless cucumber, finely chopped
1 tablespoon tamari or soy sauce
8 ounces low-fat of regular cream cheese, at room temperature
Instructions
In a bowl, combine all of the ingredients and mix thoroughly
Serves 4
1000 top Paleo Recipes
The Natural Way to Make Delicious, Healthy,
Fat-Burning Paleo Recipes Quickly And Easily
Super foods Library, Eat Yourself Healthy With The Best of the Best Nature Has to OfferFor over 1000 healthy recipes, visit http://kylejnorton.blogspot.ca/p/recipes.html
Back to Kyle J. Norton Home pagehttp://kylejnorton.blogspot.ca
Tuesday 25 November 2014
Women's Health - Premenstrual syndrome(PMS): The Adverse effects of Alcohol(Revised edition with references)
By Kyle J. Norton
Health article writer and researcher; Over 10.000 articles and research papers have been written and published on line, including world wide health, ezine articles, article base, healthblogs, selfgrowth, best before it's news, the karate GB daily, etc.,.
Named TOP 50 MEDICAL ESSAYS FOR ARTISTS & AUTHORS TO READ by Disilgold.com Named 50 of the best health Tweeters Canada - Huffington Post
Nominated for shorty award over last 4 years
Some articles have been used as references in medical research, such as international journal Pharma and Bio science, ISSN 0975-6299.
Premenstrual syndrome is defined as faulty function of the ovaries related to the women's menstrual cycle, effected over 70% to 90% of women in the US and lesser for women in Southeast Asia because of difference in living style and social structure. The syndrome also interferes women's physical and emotional states, and daily activities as a result of hormone fluctuation and occurs one to two weeks before menstruation and then declines when the period starts.
The effects of alcohol
1. Liver functions
Moderate intake of no more than 2 glasses of wine is helpful in liver carbohydrate, fat and protein metabolism(2) by increasing the blood flow and awareness of the nervous system. Excessive drinking damages the liver function(1)(2).
a) Detoxifying
Liver is a first line defense of our body besides in fighting against foreign invasion such as forming of free radical and bacteria and virus(3), it also helps to detoxify our body toxic(4) caused by environment toxins accumulation or any harmful substance coming into our body through diet or the air we breath, etc. Without strong liver , it causes over production of estrogen(5) resulting in premenstrual syndrome.
b) Menstrual pain and cramps
Without strong liver function, it induced over production of bad prostaglandins hormone PGE2(6) in promoting over reacted uterine muscle cause of menstrual pain and cramps(7).
c) Food craving
Liver is essential in regulating the pancreas in production of insulin(8). Abnormal function of liver in crease the risk of over production of insulin, leading to food craving(9) and over production of adrenaline hormone which causes stress(10).
2. Nutritions and minerals deficiency
Alcohol inhibits the breakdown of vitamins and minerals into usable molecule by decreasing digestive enzymes secretion and damage the lining of stomach in absorbing vital nutrients(11) by blocking the transportation of nutrients into the blood stream resulting in nutrients deficiency(11) including vitamin B complex, zinc, magnesium, potassium etc. leading to symptoms of PMS.
Example : Low levels of zinc causes over production of prolaclin(13) resulting in breast tenderness(12)
Low levels of potassium causes abnormal lymphatic function(14) and high levels of
sodium resulting in fluid retention(15).
3. Liver dysfunction
Moderate drinking alcohol generally produces feelings of relaxation and cheerfulness, but excessive drinking has the opposite effects in causing liver steatosis as fatty acids build up as plaques in the capillary around liver cells(16), leading to increase the severeness of symptoms of PMS(5).
1000 top Paleo Recipes
The Natural Way to Make Delicious, Healthy,
Fat-Burning Paleo Recipes Quickly And Easily
Super foods Library, Eat Yourself Healthy With The Best of the Best Nature Has to OfferFor over 1000 healthy recipes, visit http://kylejnorton.blogspot.ca/p/recipes.html
Back to Kyle J. Norton Home pagehttp://kylejnorton.blogspot.ca
References
(1) Animals models of gastrointestinal and liver diseases. Animal models of alcohol-induced liver disease: pathophysiology, translational relevance, and challenges. Mathews S1, Xu M1, Wang H1, Bertola A1, Gao B2.(PubMed)
(2) Vodka and wine consumption in a swine model of metabolic syndrome alters insulin signaling pathways in the liver and skeletal muscle. Elmadhun NY1, Lassaletta AD, Chu LM, Bianchi C, Sellke FW.(PubMed)
(3) Liver-inherent immune system: its role in blood-stage malaria. Wunderlich F1, Al-Quraishy S2, Dkhil MA3(PubMed)
(4) [Humoral factors in the regulation of the natural resistance of the body in toxic lesion of the liver]. [Article in Russian] Stepanov IuB(PubMed)
(5) Differential effects of estrogen/androgen on the prevention of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease in the male rat. Zhang H1, Liu Y, Wang L, Li Z, Zhang H, Wu J, Rahman N, Guo Y, Li D, Li N, Huhtaniemi I, Tsang SY, Gao GF, Li X(PubMed)
(6) Effects of bile acids on the muscle functions of guinea pig gallbladder. Xiao ZL1, Rho AK, Biancani P, Behar J.(PubMed)
(7) Effects of naproxen sodium on menstrual prostaglandins and primary dysmenorrhea. Chan WY, Fuchs F, Powell AM.(PubMed)
(8) Whole-Body and Hepatic Insulin Resistance in Obese Children. Ibarra-Reynoso LD, Pisarchyk L, Pérez-Luque EL, Garay-Sevilla ME, Malacara JM(PubMed)
(9) Neural correlates of stress- and food cue-induced food craving in obesity: association with insulin levels. Jastreboff AM1, Sinha R, Lacadie C, Small DM, Sherwin RS, Potenza MN.(PubMed)
(10) Cortisol, adrenocorticotropic hormone, serotonin, adrenaline and noradrenaline serum concentrations in relation to disease and stress in the horse. Ayala I1, Martos NF, Silvan G, Gutierrez-Panizo C, Clavel JG, Illera JC(PubMed)
(11) [Nutrition and chronic alcohol abuse]. [Article in Spanish] Moreno Otero R1, Cortés JR.(PubMed)
(12) Zinc and copper levels in premenstrual syndrome. Chuong CJ1, Dawson EB.(PubMed)
(13) Maternal zinc deficiency raises plasma prolactin levels in lactating rats. Chowanadisai W1, Kelleher SL, Lönnerdal B.(PubMed)
(14) [Roles of ATP-sensitive potassium pathway in regulating lymphatic function]. [Article in Chinese] Zhang LM1, Niu CY, Zhao ZG, Li K, Sun CY.(PubMed)
(15) High dietary sodium chloride consumption may not induce body fluid retention in humans. Heer M1, Baisch F, Kropp J, Gerzer R, Drummer C.(PubMed)
(16) [Effects of jingqianshu granule on expression of estrogen receptor alpha and beta mRNA in hypothalamus and hippocampus of PMS rats with liver-qi depression]. [Article in Chinese] Zhang H1, Ma J.(PubMed)
Health article writer and researcher; Over 10.000 articles and research papers have been written and published on line, including world wide health, ezine articles, article base, healthblogs, selfgrowth, best before it's news, the karate GB daily, etc.,.
Named TOP 50 MEDICAL ESSAYS FOR ARTISTS & AUTHORS TO READ by Disilgold.com Named 50 of the best health Tweeters Canada - Huffington Post
Nominated for shorty award over last 4 years
Some articles have been used as references in medical research, such as international journal Pharma and Bio science, ISSN 0975-6299.
Premenstrual syndrome is defined as faulty function of the ovaries related to the women's menstrual cycle, effected over 70% to 90% of women in the US and lesser for women in Southeast Asia because of difference in living style and social structure. The syndrome also interferes women's physical and emotional states, and daily activities as a result of hormone fluctuation and occurs one to two weeks before menstruation and then declines when the period starts.
The effects of alcohol
1. Liver functions
Moderate intake of no more than 2 glasses of wine is helpful in liver carbohydrate, fat and protein metabolism(2) by increasing the blood flow and awareness of the nervous system. Excessive drinking damages the liver function(1)(2).
a) Detoxifying
Liver is a first line defense of our body besides in fighting against foreign invasion such as forming of free radical and bacteria and virus(3), it also helps to detoxify our body toxic(4) caused by environment toxins accumulation or any harmful substance coming into our body through diet or the air we breath, etc. Without strong liver , it causes over production of estrogen(5) resulting in premenstrual syndrome.
b) Menstrual pain and cramps
Without strong liver function, it induced over production of bad prostaglandins hormone PGE2(6) in promoting over reacted uterine muscle cause of menstrual pain and cramps(7).
c) Food craving
Liver is essential in regulating the pancreas in production of insulin(8). Abnormal function of liver in crease the risk of over production of insulin, leading to food craving(9) and over production of adrenaline hormone which causes stress(10).
2. Nutritions and minerals deficiency
Alcohol inhibits the breakdown of vitamins and minerals into usable molecule by decreasing digestive enzymes secretion and damage the lining of stomach in absorbing vital nutrients(11) by blocking the transportation of nutrients into the blood stream resulting in nutrients deficiency(11) including vitamin B complex, zinc, magnesium, potassium etc. leading to symptoms of PMS.
Example : Low levels of zinc causes over production of prolaclin(13) resulting in breast tenderness(12)
Low levels of potassium causes abnormal lymphatic function(14) and high levels of
sodium resulting in fluid retention(15).
3. Liver dysfunction
Moderate drinking alcohol generally produces feelings of relaxation and cheerfulness, but excessive drinking has the opposite effects in causing liver steatosis as fatty acids build up as plaques in the capillary around liver cells(16), leading to increase the severeness of symptoms of PMS(5).
1000 top Paleo Recipes
The Natural Way to Make Delicious, Healthy,
Fat-Burning Paleo Recipes Quickly And Easily
Super foods Library, Eat Yourself Healthy With The Best of the Best Nature Has to OfferFor over 1000 healthy recipes, visit http://kylejnorton.blogspot.ca/p/recipes.html
Back to Kyle J. Norton Home pagehttp://kylejnorton.blogspot.ca
References
(1) Animals models of gastrointestinal and liver diseases. Animal models of alcohol-induced liver disease: pathophysiology, translational relevance, and challenges. Mathews S1, Xu M1, Wang H1, Bertola A1, Gao B2.(PubMed)
(2) Vodka and wine consumption in a swine model of metabolic syndrome alters insulin signaling pathways in the liver and skeletal muscle. Elmadhun NY1, Lassaletta AD, Chu LM, Bianchi C, Sellke FW.(PubMed)
(3) Liver-inherent immune system: its role in blood-stage malaria. Wunderlich F1, Al-Quraishy S2, Dkhil MA3(PubMed)
(4) [Humoral factors in the regulation of the natural resistance of the body in toxic lesion of the liver]. [Article in Russian] Stepanov IuB(PubMed)
(5) Differential effects of estrogen/androgen on the prevention of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease in the male rat. Zhang H1, Liu Y, Wang L, Li Z, Zhang H, Wu J, Rahman N, Guo Y, Li D, Li N, Huhtaniemi I, Tsang SY, Gao GF, Li X(PubMed)
(6) Effects of bile acids on the muscle functions of guinea pig gallbladder. Xiao ZL1, Rho AK, Biancani P, Behar J.(PubMed)
(7) Effects of naproxen sodium on menstrual prostaglandins and primary dysmenorrhea. Chan WY, Fuchs F, Powell AM.(PubMed)
(8) Whole-Body and Hepatic Insulin Resistance in Obese Children. Ibarra-Reynoso LD, Pisarchyk L, Pérez-Luque EL, Garay-Sevilla ME, Malacara JM(PubMed)
(9) Neural correlates of stress- and food cue-induced food craving in obesity: association with insulin levels. Jastreboff AM1, Sinha R, Lacadie C, Small DM, Sherwin RS, Potenza MN.(PubMed)
(10) Cortisol, adrenocorticotropic hormone, serotonin, adrenaline and noradrenaline serum concentrations in relation to disease and stress in the horse. Ayala I1, Martos NF, Silvan G, Gutierrez-Panizo C, Clavel JG, Illera JC(PubMed)
(11) [Nutrition and chronic alcohol abuse]. [Article in Spanish] Moreno Otero R1, Cortés JR.(PubMed)
(12) Zinc and copper levels in premenstrual syndrome. Chuong CJ1, Dawson EB.(PubMed)
(13) Maternal zinc deficiency raises plasma prolactin levels in lactating rats. Chowanadisai W1, Kelleher SL, Lönnerdal B.(PubMed)
(14) [Roles of ATP-sensitive potassium pathway in regulating lymphatic function]. [Article in Chinese] Zhang LM1, Niu CY, Zhao ZG, Li K, Sun CY.(PubMed)
(15) High dietary sodium chloride consumption may not induce body fluid retention in humans. Heer M1, Baisch F, Kropp J, Gerzer R, Drummer C.(PubMed)
(16) [Effects of jingqianshu granule on expression of estrogen receptor alpha and beta mRNA in hypothalamus and hippocampus of PMS rats with liver-qi depression]. [Article in Chinese] Zhang H1, Ma J.(PubMed)
Quick and #healthy #recipe: Bottom of the box breakfast sundae
Posted By Kyle J. Norton
Health article writer and researcher; Over 10.000 articles and research papers have been written and published on line, including world wide health, ezine articles, article base, healthblogs, selfgrowth, best before it's news, the karate GB daily, etc.,.
Named TOP 50 MEDICAL ESSAYS FOR ARTISTS & AUTHORS TO READ by Disilgold.com Named 50 of the best health Tweeters Canada - Huffington Post
Nominated for shorty award over last 4 years
Some articles have been used as references in medical research, such as international journal Pharma and Bio science, ISSN 0975-6299.
Recipe contributed by Yum-O, the family cook book by Rachel Ray, Published by Clarkson Potter, New York.You can view her website at yum-o.org
Ingredients
1/2 cup berries of your choice
1/2 cup vanilla yogurt
1/4 cup cereal from the bottom of a box. such as cornflakes or crisped rice
Instructions
Layer the ingredients into a glass or parfait dish beginning with berries, then the yogurt, and then the cereal. Repeat two more times to finish with of cereal on top.
Serves 1
Weight Loss the Easy Ways
Andrea Albright Featured on Health and Fitness Jan. 2015
will Personally Coach You How to Get There The Easy Way
If You Are Looking For a SoulMate
Celebrity Patti Stanger Will Coach You To Get Him/Her
and Keep Him/Her for Good,The Simple Way
Super foods Library, Eat Yourself Healthy With The Best of the Best Nature Has to Offer
Back to Obesity's Complications http://kylejnorton.blogspot.ca/p/obesitys-complications.html
Back to Kyle J. Norton Home page http://kylejnorton.blogspot.ca
Health article writer and researcher; Over 10.000 articles and research papers have been written and published on line, including world wide health, ezine articles, article base, healthblogs, selfgrowth, best before it's news, the karate GB daily, etc.,.
Named TOP 50 MEDICAL ESSAYS FOR ARTISTS & AUTHORS TO READ by Disilgold.com Named 50 of the best health Tweeters Canada - Huffington Post
Nominated for shorty award over last 4 years
Some articles have been used as references in medical research, such as international journal Pharma and Bio science, ISSN 0975-6299.
Recipe contributed by Yum-O, the family cook book by Rachel Ray, Published by Clarkson Potter, New York.You can view her website at yum-o.org
Ingredients
1/2 cup berries of your choice
1/2 cup vanilla yogurt
1/4 cup cereal from the bottom of a box. such as cornflakes or crisped rice
Instructions
Layer the ingredients into a glass or parfait dish beginning with berries, then the yogurt, and then the cereal. Repeat two more times to finish with of cereal on top.
Serves 1
Weight Loss the Easy Ways
Andrea Albright Featured on Health and Fitness Jan. 2015
will Personally Coach You How to Get There The Easy Way
If You Are Looking For a SoulMate
Celebrity Patti Stanger Will Coach You To Get Him/Her
and Keep Him/Her for Good,The Simple Way
Super foods Library, Eat Yourself Healthy With The Best of the Best Nature Has to Offer
Back to Obesity's Complications http://kylejnorton.blogspot.ca/p/obesitys-complications.html
Back to Kyle J. Norton Home page http://kylejnorton.blogspot.ca
Monday 24 November 2014
Women's Health - Premenstrual syndrome(PMS): The adverse effects of Artificial Sweetener
By Kyle J. Norton
Health article writer and researcher; Over 10.000 articles and research papers have been written and published on line, including world wide health, ezine articles, article base, healthblogs, selfgrowth, best before it's news, the karate GB daily, etc.,.
Named TOP 50 MEDICAL ESSAYS FOR ARTISTS & AUTHORS TO READ by Disilgold.com Named 50 of the best health Tweeters Canada - Huffington Post
Nominated for shorty award over last 4 years
Some articles have been used as references in medical research, such as international journal Pharma and Bio science, ISSN 0975-6299.
Premenstrual syndrome is defined as faulty function of the ovaries related to the women's menstrual cycle, effected over 70% to 90% of women in the US and lesser for women in Southeast Asia because of difference in living style and social structure. The syndrome also interferes women's physical and emotional states, and daily activities as a result of hormone fluctuation and occurs one to two weeks before menstruation and then declines when the period starts.
1. Is artificial sweetener safe?
We are made to believe no calories sweetener promoted control weigh(1) and misled in believing that sweetener is better than sugar, Unfortunately, consumption sweetener was associated to weigh gain in the study of a sample of 22,231 adults(2)
In fact, it is not true. Sugar helps to provide energy for our body need, over consumption is the problem while sweetener contains aspartame, the substance causes more harm than good to our body including brain(4) and heart(3) and symptoms of pre menstrual syndrome such as depression, mood change(4) and anxiety(5).
2. Serotonin
Artificial sweetener depresses the nervous system(9) in fighting against stress resulting in less levels of serotonin(7) being produced leading to mood swing and depression(4).
3. Amino acids
Amino acids are important for liver in protein metabolism(8). Artificial sweetener contains high levels of aspartic and phenylalanine over 150 times sweeter than sugar, taking artificial sweetener may cause over dose of such amino acids(10) resulting in increasing the risk of nervous tension leading to memory lose, mood swing, depression and symptoms of PMS(4).
4. Methanol
When digest, methanol in the sweetener converts to formaldehyde(13) which is toxic to our body resulting in unbalancing the protein metabolism of the brain(12) leading to symptoms of PMS such as mood swing, depression(4) and anxiety(5). if it is over dose.
5. Addictive
The chemical aspartame is so addictive. It is wise to stop taking artificial sweetener slowly or ask your doctor for help. Abruptly stop taking aspartame may cause withdrawal symptoms(13).
6. Obesity and metabolic syndrome
Long term consumption of non-nutritive sweeteners (NNS), particularly aspartame in perigestational period has shown to predispose offspring to develop obesity and metabolic syndrome later in life(6).
Weight Loss the Easy Ways
Andrea Albright Featured on Health and Fitness Jan. 2015
will Personally Coach You How to Get There The Easy Way
If You Are Looking For a SoulMate
Celebrity Patti Stanger Will Coach You To Get Him/Her
and Keep Him/Her for Good,The Simple Way
Super foods Library, Eat Yourself Healthy With The Best of the Best Nature Has to Offer
Back to Obesity's Complications http://kylejnorton.blogspot.ca/p/obesitys-complications.html
Back to Kyle J. Norton Home page http://kylejnorton.blogspot.ca
References
(1) Low and no calorie sweeteners (LNCS); myths and realities. Riobó Serván P1, Sierra Poyatos R2, Soldo Rodríguez J3.(PubMed)
(2) Consumption of low-calorie sweeteners among U.S. adults is associated with higher Healthy Eating Index (HEI 2005) scores and more physical activity. Drewnowski A1, Rehm CD2.(PubMed)
(3) Modified High-Density Lipoproteins by Artificial Sweetener, Aspartame, and Saccharin, Showed Loss of Anti-atherosclerotic Activity and Toxicity in Zebrafish. Kim JY1, Park KH, Kim J, Choi I, Cho KH.(PubMed)
(4) Neurobehavioral effects of aspartame consumption. Lindseth GN1, Coolahan SE, Petros TV, Lindseth PD.(PubMed)
(5) Anxiety in mice following acute aspartame and ethanol exposure. LaBuda CJ1, Hale RL.(PubMed)
(6) Exposure to non-nutritive sweeteners during pregnancy and lactation: Impact in programming of metabolic diseases in the progeny later in life. Araújo JR1, Martel F2, Keating E3.(PubMed)
(7) Effects of repeated doses of aspartame on serotonin and its metabolite in various regions of the mouse brain. Sharma RP, Coulombe RA Jr.(PubMed)
(8) Relation between glutamine, branched-chain amino acids, and protein metabolism. Holecek M.(PubMed)
(9) Effects of aspartame metabolites on astrocytes and neurons. Rycerz K1, Jaworska-Adamu JE.(PubMed)
(10) Effect of aspartame and protein, administered in phenylalanine-equivalent doses, on plasma neutral amino acids, aspartate, insulin and glucose in man. Møller SE.(PubMed)
(11) Aspartame ingestion with and without carbohydrate in phenylketonuric and normal subjects: effect on plasma concentrations of amino acids, glucose, and insulin. Wolf-Novak LC1, Stegink LD, Brummel MC, Persoon TJ, Filer LJ Jr, Bell EF, Ziegler EE, Krause WL.(PubMed)
(12) [Cognitive disorders in workers engaged into formaldehyde and methanol production]. [Article in Russian] [No authors listed](PubMed)
(13) Aspartame Withdrawal Symptoms: List Of Possibilities by Mental Health Daily Mental Health Blog
Health article writer and researcher; Over 10.000 articles and research papers have been written and published on line, including world wide health, ezine articles, article base, healthblogs, selfgrowth, best before it's news, the karate GB daily, etc.,.
Named TOP 50 MEDICAL ESSAYS FOR ARTISTS & AUTHORS TO READ by Disilgold.com Named 50 of the best health Tweeters Canada - Huffington Post
Nominated for shorty award over last 4 years
Some articles have been used as references in medical research, such as international journal Pharma and Bio science, ISSN 0975-6299.
Premenstrual syndrome is defined as faulty function of the ovaries related to the women's menstrual cycle, effected over 70% to 90% of women in the US and lesser for women in Southeast Asia because of difference in living style and social structure. The syndrome also interferes women's physical and emotional states, and daily activities as a result of hormone fluctuation and occurs one to two weeks before menstruation and then declines when the period starts.
1. Is artificial sweetener safe?
We are made to believe no calories sweetener promoted control weigh(1) and misled in believing that sweetener is better than sugar, Unfortunately, consumption sweetener was associated to weigh gain in the study of a sample of 22,231 adults(2)
In fact, it is not true. Sugar helps to provide energy for our body need, over consumption is the problem while sweetener contains aspartame, the substance causes more harm than good to our body including brain(4) and heart(3) and symptoms of pre menstrual syndrome such as depression, mood change(4) and anxiety(5).
2. Serotonin
Artificial sweetener depresses the nervous system(9) in fighting against stress resulting in less levels of serotonin(7) being produced leading to mood swing and depression(4).
3. Amino acids
Amino acids are important for liver in protein metabolism(8). Artificial sweetener contains high levels of aspartic and phenylalanine over 150 times sweeter than sugar, taking artificial sweetener may cause over dose of such amino acids(10) resulting in increasing the risk of nervous tension leading to memory lose, mood swing, depression and symptoms of PMS(4).
4. Methanol
When digest, methanol in the sweetener converts to formaldehyde(13) which is toxic to our body resulting in unbalancing the protein metabolism of the brain(12) leading to symptoms of PMS such as mood swing, depression(4) and anxiety(5). if it is over dose.
5. Addictive
The chemical aspartame is so addictive. It is wise to stop taking artificial sweetener slowly or ask your doctor for help. Abruptly stop taking aspartame may cause withdrawal symptoms(13).
6. Obesity and metabolic syndrome
Long term consumption of non-nutritive sweeteners (NNS), particularly aspartame in perigestational period has shown to predispose offspring to develop obesity and metabolic syndrome later in life(6).
Weight Loss the Easy Ways
Andrea Albright Featured on Health and Fitness Jan. 2015
will Personally Coach You How to Get There The Easy Way
If You Are Looking For a SoulMate
Celebrity Patti Stanger Will Coach You To Get Him/Her
and Keep Him/Her for Good,The Simple Way
Super foods Library, Eat Yourself Healthy With The Best of the Best Nature Has to Offer
Back to Obesity's Complications http://kylejnorton.blogspot.ca/p/obesitys-complications.html
Back to Kyle J. Norton Home page http://kylejnorton.blogspot.ca
References
(1) Low and no calorie sweeteners (LNCS); myths and realities. Riobó Serván P1, Sierra Poyatos R2, Soldo Rodríguez J3.(PubMed)
(2) Consumption of low-calorie sweeteners among U.S. adults is associated with higher Healthy Eating Index (HEI 2005) scores and more physical activity. Drewnowski A1, Rehm CD2.(PubMed)
(3) Modified High-Density Lipoproteins by Artificial Sweetener, Aspartame, and Saccharin, Showed Loss of Anti-atherosclerotic Activity and Toxicity in Zebrafish. Kim JY1, Park KH, Kim J, Choi I, Cho KH.(PubMed)
(4) Neurobehavioral effects of aspartame consumption. Lindseth GN1, Coolahan SE, Petros TV, Lindseth PD.(PubMed)
(5) Anxiety in mice following acute aspartame and ethanol exposure. LaBuda CJ1, Hale RL.(PubMed)
(6) Exposure to non-nutritive sweeteners during pregnancy and lactation: Impact in programming of metabolic diseases in the progeny later in life. Araújo JR1, Martel F2, Keating E3.(PubMed)
(7) Effects of repeated doses of aspartame on serotonin and its metabolite in various regions of the mouse brain. Sharma RP, Coulombe RA Jr.(PubMed)
(8) Relation between glutamine, branched-chain amino acids, and protein metabolism. Holecek M.(PubMed)
(9) Effects of aspartame metabolites on astrocytes and neurons. Rycerz K1, Jaworska-Adamu JE.(PubMed)
(10) Effect of aspartame and protein, administered in phenylalanine-equivalent doses, on plasma neutral amino acids, aspartate, insulin and glucose in man. Møller SE.(PubMed)
(11) Aspartame ingestion with and without carbohydrate in phenylketonuric and normal subjects: effect on plasma concentrations of amino acids, glucose, and insulin. Wolf-Novak LC1, Stegink LD, Brummel MC, Persoon TJ, Filer LJ Jr, Bell EF, Ziegler EE, Krause WL.(PubMed)
(12) [Cognitive disorders in workers engaged into formaldehyde and methanol production]. [Article in Russian] [No authors listed](PubMed)
(13) Aspartame Withdrawal Symptoms: List Of Possibilities by Mental Health Daily Mental Health Blog
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