Tuesday, 10 October 2023

#Resveratrol and Citroflavan-3-ol Found in #Arctostaphylos uva-ursi Process Free Radicals Scavenging Activity, According to Studies

Kyle J. Norton

Herbal Arctostaphylos uva-ursi may have a potential effect in reducing the risk and treatment of oxidative stress-related diseases, some studies suggested.
Oxidative stress is a production of the imbalance of the ratio of free radicals and antioxidants in the body.

The imbalance of the ratio of free radicals and antioxidants in the body can be caused either by the overproduction of free radicals or antioxidant enzymes suppressed by outside sources.

However, most outside sources that suppress the levels of antioxidant enzymes also play an important role in stimulating the overexpression of free radicals, such as chemical toxins

Free radicals are unstable atoms with unpaired electrons in the outer ring. Therefore, in order for them to become stable, free radical either donates or steals an electron from stable molecules, leading to a chain of reaction that facilitates the onset of oxidative stress.

The chain once starts, it can not stop until the electron on the outer ring is paired or inhibited by an antioxidant.

Free radical has been known to cause oxidative damage to enzymes, other protein, unsaturated fatty acid, phospholipids, DNA, and RNA.

Antioxidants are stable molecules found abundantly in fruits, vegetables, and herbal medicine.

If oxidative stress-related diseases are associated with the overproduction of free radicals, then long-term intake of a healthy diet high in fruits, and vegetables and less in red meat and saturated and trans fat and processed foods can reduce the risk of the diseases in healthy individuals.

Dr. Halliwell B, in the study to reaffirm the effect of healthy dietary patterns against the onset of oxidative stress, said, " diet-derived antioxidants may be particularly important in protecting against these diseases" and

"The physiological relevance of these effects is uncertain, as is the optimal intake of most diet-derived antioxidants. In principle, these questions could be addressed by examining the effects of dietary composition and/or antioxidant supplementation upon parameters of oxidative damage in vivo".

Arctostaphylos uva-ursi is one of the species of Bearberry, in the genus Arctostaphylos, belonging to the family Ericaceae, native to northern North America, Asia, and Europe.

The herb has been used in traditional medicine as a diuretic agent and to treat urinary problems, including bladder infections, kidney infections, kidney stones, pelvic pain, etc.

The herbal plant contains arbutin, ursolic acid, tannic acid, gallic acid, some essential oil and resin, hydroquinones tannins, phenolic glycosides, and flavonoids.

Dr. Bol'shakova IV, the lead author at the Emanuel Institute of Biochemical Physics claim, that Arctostaphylos UVA. processes a significant antioxidant property in the inhibition of free radicals generation, researchers launched an investigation to evaluate the concentration of compound that inhibited cell growth by 50% (IC(50)) of a range of phytochemicals and plant extracts.

All selected extracts were differentiated according to the antioxidant and genoprotective effects under conditions of oxidative stress in U937 cells.

Two phytochemicals-resveratrol and citroflavan-3-ol isolated from the herbal Arctostaphylos uva-ursi demonstrated the highest IC50 value of 13.7 microg/mL, compared to the lowest at 9,400 microg/mL. of Echinacea.

Extract of herbal Arctostaphylos uva-ursi displayed a significant attenuation of the oxidative stress induced by the etoposide injection by inhibiting the expression of H2O2- and tBOOH-induced DNA damage.

These results reconfirmed the findings of Dr. Bol'shakova IV team that herbal Arctostaphylos uva-ursi as a non-nutrient dietary constituent may act as significant bioactive compounds in enhancing the antioxidant activity and stimulating the production of antioxidant enzymes if the herb is administrated in an animal model.

Moreover, Dr.Matsuda H the antioxidant team leader at Kinki University, Osaka in the finding the natural compounds or whole food with potential antioxidant effects evaluated the inhibitory effect of 50% ethanol extracts obtained from the leaves of six Arctostaphylos plants (A. patula, A. viscida, A. canescens, A. Columbiana, A. nevadensis and A. uva-ursi) (Ericaceae).

Injection of the extracts of A. patula showed potent inhibition against tyrosinase, the enzyme that causes oxidation of the skin pigment.

Also, Arctostaphylos uva-ursi not only inhibited the production of melanin from dopachrome by autoxidation but reduced the over-exhibited SOD (superoxide dismutase, free radical)-like activity.

Additionally, Arctostaphylos uva-ursi processed a moderate absorbance in the UV-B area.

The results not only reaffirm the claim of Dr. Bol'shakova IV's suggestion but also introduce a new herbal whitening medicine for the skin.

Taken together, Herbal Arctostaphylos uva-ursi may be considered a functional food for the prevention and an adjunct therapy combined with primary medicine for the treatment of oxidative-related diseases.

Natural Medicine for Fatty Liver And Obesity Reversal - The Revolutionary Findings To Achieve Optimal Health And Lose Weight

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Permanently Eliminate All Types of Ovarian Cysts Within 2 Months

Back to Kyle J. Norton's Homepage http://kylejnorton.blogspot.ca


Author Biography
Kyle J. Norton (Scholar, Master of Nutrition, All rights reserved)
Health article writer and researcher; Over 10,000 articles and research papers have been written and published online, including worldwide health, ezine articles, article base, health blogs, self-growth, Best Before it's news, the Karate GB Daily, etc.,.
Named TOP 50 MEDICAL ESSAYS FOR ARTISTS & AUTHORS TO READ by Disilgold.com Named 50 of the best health Tweeters Canada - Huffington Post
Nominated for Shorty Award over last 4 years
Some articles have been used as references in medical research, such as the international journal Pharma and Bioscience, ISSN 0975-6299.

References

(1) [Antioxidant properties of plant extracts].[Article in Russian] by Bol'shakova IV, Lozovskaia EL, Sapezhinskiĭ II. (PubMed)

(2) Modulatory effects of resveratrol, citroflavan-3-ol, and plant-derived extracts on oxidative stress in U937 cells by O'Brien NM, Carpenter R, O'Callaghan YC, O'Grady MN, Kerry JP. (PubMed)

(3) Studies of cuticle drugs from natural sources. IV. Inhibitory effects of some Arctostaphylos plants on melanin biosynthesis. by Matsuda H, Higashino M, Nakai Y, Iinuma M, Kubo M, Lang FA. (PubMed)

#Withanolides (WA) Found in Ashwagandha Root #Extract Protect the Liver Against Injury and Damage Induced by #Oxidativestress

Kyle J. Norton

The liver is the largest internal organ in the human body, and plays an essential role in filtering blood from the intestine before passing it to other parts of the body.
The organ also produces cholesterol, a waxy substance that is needed to aid digestion and build strong cell membranes, production of steroid hormones, and vitamins.


Liver injury may be a result caused by physical impact or penetrating trauma. In some cases, liver injury can also be induced by toxicity, leading to acute liver injury.

Liver injury can be mild or severe. In a mild case, liver injury can recover itself. However, in severe cases, surgery to stop the bleeding and remove the part of injury may be necessary.

Most cases of liver injury can lead to abdominal pain and tenderness caused by bleeding blood in the abdomen that irritates the abdominal tissue.

The severity of a liver injury can be diagnosed by computed tomography (CT) or ultrasonography.

According to the statistics, liver injury has been found to constitute 5% of all traumas, making it the most common abdominal injury.

The most common symptoms associated with liver injury are shocks due to severe bleeding inducing a rapid heart rate, rapid breathing, and cold, clammy, pale or bluish skin.

In some cases, blood accumulated in the abdomen may irritate the abdominal tissue, leading to symptoms of abdominal pain and swelling, and tenderness.


Depending on the degree of injury, patients are either treated with nonoperative management and observation for a full self-recovery or surgery.

Ashwagandha also is known as Withania somnifera is a nightshade plant in the genus of Withania, belonging to the family Solanaceae, native to the dry parts of India, North Africa, Middle East, and the Mediterranean.

The herbal medicine has been considered as Indian ginseng and used in Ayurvedic medicine over 3000 years to treat tumors and tubercular glands, carbuncles, memory loss, and ulcers and considered an anti-stress, cognition-facilitating, anti-inflammatory, and anti-aging herbal medicine.

In the urgency to discover a natural ingredient for the prevention and treatment of liver diseases, researchers examined the effects of withanolides (WA) from Withania somnifera root extract on hepatic toxicity in an animal model


According to the tested analysis, the application of WA profoundly protects wild-type mice but not Nrf2-disrupted mice against APAP hepatotoxicity.

Where Nrf2 is a protein that regulates the expression of antioxidant proteins against oxidative damage.

In vivo and in vitro, WA is a potent inducer of Nrf2-dependent cytoprotective enzyme expression.

In other words, WA protects the liver damage against oxidative stress by enhancing the function by the activation of antioxidant enzyme protein independently to a redox-regulated substrate adaptor protein Keap1 and dependently on the pathway associated with limited proliferation in cells.

Taken altogether, Ashwagandha processed a high amount of bioactive compound WA may be considered supplements for the prevention of liver toxicity, pending to the confirmation of the larger sample size and multicenter human study.


Intake of turmeric in the form of supplements should be taken with extreme care to prevent overdose acute liver toxicity.

Natural Medicine for Fatty Liver And Obesity Reversal - The Revolutionary Findings To Achieve Optimal Health And Lose Weight

How To Get Rid Of Eye Floaters
Contrary To Professional Prediction, Floaters Can Be Cured Naturally

Ovarian Cysts And PCOS Elimination
Holistic System In Existence That Will Show You How-To
Permanently Eliminate All Types of Ovarian Cysts Within 2 Months


Back to Kyle J. Norton Homepage http://kylejnorton.blogspot.ca


Author Biography
Kyle J. Norton (Scholar, Master of Nutrition, All right reserved)
Health article writer and researcher; Over 10,000 articles and research papers have been written and published online, including worldwide health, ezine articles, article base, health blogs, self-growth, Best Before it's news, the karate GB Daily, etc.,.
Named TOP 50 MEDICAL ESSAYS FOR ARTISTS & AUTHORS TO READ by Disilgold.com Named 50 of the best health Tweeters Canada - Huffington Post
Nominated for Shorty Award over last 4 years
Some articles have been used as references in medical research, such as international journal Pharma and Bioscience, ISSN 0975-6299.

Sources
(1) Withaferin A induces Nrf2-dependent protection against liver injury: Role of Keap1-independent mechanisms by Palliyaguru DL1, Chartoumpekis DV2, Wakabayashi N2, Skoko JJ2, Yagishita Y2, Singh SV2, Kensler TW. (PubMed)

#GreenBeans Protect the Liver Against the Onset of Stress Markers, Researchers Find

Kyle J. Norton

Oxidative stress is a condition characterized by overexpression of free radicals in the body.
In other words, oxidative stress is a result of the imbalance of the ratio of free radicals and antioxidants caused by abundant free radicals and low levels of antioxidant enzymes produced by the body.

A free radical is an unstable atom with a single electron on the outermost ring. Given its nature, free radicals readily donate or intercept an electron from another atom, leading to a chain of the free radical cascade that cannot be stopped until all single electron is paired or inhibited by antioxidants.

Antioxidants are stable atoms with a function to inhibit oxidation, come either from dietary sources or produced by the body.

In contrast to general belief, free radical is also needed in a moderated amount for the function of the heart muscle to pump blood such as NO for vasodilation and increasing blood flow.

In a healthy person, oxidative stress is harmful because it not only induces cells' lipid and protein oxidation but also causes the change of cell DNA, leading to diseases associated with oxidative stress including cancer, diabetes, and cardiovascular disease.

Ozone, certain pesticides, and cleaners, cigarette smoke, radiation, and pollution are some of the risk factors associated with the increased risk of oxidative stress.

Liver stress markers such as serum MDA refer to oxidative stress in the liver tissues caused by the overexpression of free radicals or reduced levels of antioxidant enzymes in the liver.



Dr. Halina Cichoż-Lach, the lead scientist said, "Redox state constitutes an important background of numerous liver disorders. The redox state participates in the course of inflammatory, metabolic and proliferative liver diseases.".

And, "Hepatocytic proteins, lipids, and DNA are among the cellular structures that are primarily affected by ROS and reactive nitrogen species. The process results in structural and functional abnormalities in the liver".

In other words, liver oxidative stress over the long-term induced damage of proteins, and lipid and alternation of cell DNA can lead to liver diseases, including cancer.


Green bean is a genus of Phaseolus Sensu Stricto, containing 55 different species, belongs to the family Fabaceae, and is native to the New World tropics and grown in Europe for its attractive flowers and fleshy immature pods. It can be classified into two major groups, bush beans, and pole beans.

On finding a natural compound for the prevention of liver stress, researchers examined the effect of cabbage, green beans, or seeds from sunflowers grown either on municipal sewage sludge-amended soil or soil alone fed to male and female Coturnix quail, as 50% of a complete diet, for 5 weeks.


Green beans fed male and female Coturnix quail exhibited liver GST activities significantly lower compared to those fed with sludge-grown cabbage.

Compared to the levels of liver glutathione S-transferase (GST) soil-grown cabbage demonstrated a two-fold activity increase in birds fed the other plants.

More precisely, the levels of glucosinolates present in the cabbage, are 3040 and 9253 ppm (dry basis) in the sludge-grown and soil-grown cabbage, respectively.

In other words, green beans showed a significant reduction of liver stress markers lesser than those of cabbage, regardless of soil cultivation.

Taken together, green beans may be considered a liver-protective veggie, pending to the confirmation of a larger sample size and multicenter human study.

Natural Medicine for Fatty Liver And Obesity Reversal - The Revolutionary Findings To Achieve Optimal Health And Lose Weight

How To Get Rid Of Eye Floaters
Contrary To Professional Prediction, Floaters Can Be Cured Naturally

Ovarian Cysts And PCOS Elimination
Holistic System In Existence That Will Show You. How-To
Permanently Eliminate All Types of Ovarian Cysts Within 2 Months

Back to Kyle J. Norton's Homepage http://kylejnorton.blogspot.ca


Author Biography
Kyle J. Norton (Scholar, Master of Nutrition, All rights reserved)
Health article writer and researcher; Over 10,000 articles and research papers have been written and published online, including worldwide health, ezine articles, article base, health blogs, self-growth, Best Before it's news, the karate GB Daily, etc.,.
Named TOP 50 MEDICAL ESSAYS FOR ARTISTS & AUTHORS TO READ by Disilgold.com Named 50 of the best health Tweeters Canada - Huffington Post
Nominated for Shorty Award over last 4 years
Some articles have been used as references in medical research, such as the international journal Pharma and Bioscience, ISSN 0975-6299.

Sources
(1) Changes in liver glutathione S-transferase activities in Coturnix quail-fed municipal sludge-grown cabbage with reduced levels of glucosinolates by Stoewsand GS, Anderson JL, Lisk DJ. (PubMed)
(2) Oxidative stress as a crucial factor in liver diseases by Halina Cichoż-Lach and Agata Michalak (PMC)

#Phytochemical #Betacyanins Process Anti-Proliferative ans Cell Cycle Arrest Property Against Chronic Myeloid Leukemia Cells, Researchers Show

Kyle J. Norton

Leukemia is a medical condition caused by an abnormal increase of white blood cells produced by the bone marrow and/or the lymphatic system. Depending on the malignant granulocytes or lymphocytes, leukemia is classified into myeloid or lymphoblastic leukemia.
Bone marrow is the soft tissue inside the hollow center of the major bone, including the spine, pelvis, underarm, and leg...

Chronic leukemia is a disease characterized by a slow but still excessive build-up of relatively immature abnormal white blood cells.


Chronic leukemia has a tendency to spread slowly to other parts of the body through the bloodstream and/or lymphatic system.

Chronic Myeloid Leukemia (CML) is a condition of slow growth and the spreading of abnormal granulocytes. In CML, granulocytes have become abnormal and grow uncontrollably in the bone marrow and/or lymphatic system and appear less immature in the bloodstream.

According to the statistics provided by the American Cancer Society, in the US approximately 8,990 new cases will be diagnosed with CML, including 5,250 in men and 3,740 in women and 1,140 people will die of CML, including 660 men and 480 women in 2019.

Besides the constitutional symptoms, such as
* Fatigue
Fatigue is a result of not enough red blood cells to transport oxygen to the body cells.

* Infections
White blood no longer functions normally in fighting against foreign invasions such as viruses and bacteria.

* Unintentional weight loss
Weight loss of over 10% has been found in patients with CML.

* Loss of appetite
It is one of the general symptoms accompanied by cancers.

* Bone and joint pain
It is a result of increased bone marrow pressure due to an excess build-up of white blood cells.

* Fever
It is a result of infection

* Abnormal blood bleeding and bruising
They are the results of abnormal blood platelets.

8. Excessive sweating, night sweats
Night sweats are an early symptom of some cancers, especially in CML.

CML also induces specific symptoms such as
* Enlarged lymph nodes, spleen
In CML lymph nodes can swell more than 1cm in children and 2 cm in adults.

* Becoming too full easily is one of the specific symptoms of ALL due to enlarged lymph nodes or spleen pressing onto the abdomen.

Betacyanins are phytochemicals in the class of red and yellow indole-derived pigments, belonging to the group of Betalains, found abundantly in beets, chard, etc.

In the urgency to find a potential compound for the treatment of leukemia, researchers examined the antiproliferative effects of betanin, a principle betacyanin pigment, isolated from the fruits of Opuntia ficus-indica on chronic myeloid leukemia.

In the human chronic myeloid leukemia cell line (K562), the application of betanin decreased the proliferation of K562 cells at a dose and time-dependent with an IC(50) of 40 microM.

According to the tested analysis, the antiproliferative activity of betanin was associated with chromatin condensation, cell shrinkage, and membrane blebbing.


In other words, cells treated with betanin showed a fragmentation pattern typical for apoptotic cells.
Particularly, at 40 microM betanin, the phytochemical compound induced 28.4% cell cycle arrest in the sub-G0/G1 phase.

Moreover, treatment with betanin not only activated the proteins such as PARP cleavage associated with pro-apoptosis but also inhibited the proteins such as Bcl-2 involved in anti-apoptosis.

Based on the findings, Dr. Sreekanth D, the lead scientist wrote, "Betanin induces apoptosis in K562 cells through the intrinsic pathway and is mediated by the release of cytochrome c from mitochondria into the cytosol, and PARP cleavage".

Taken together, betacyanins processed abundantly bioactive compound betanin may be considered a remedy for the prevention and treatment of chronic myeloid leukemia, pending to the confirmation of the larger sample size and multicenter human study.

Intake of betacyanins in the form of supplements should be taken with extreme care to prevent overdose acute liver toxicity.

Natural Medicine for Fatty Liver And Obesity Reversal - The Revolutionary Findings To Achieve Optimal Health And Lose Weight

How To Get Rid Of Eye Floaters
Contrary To Professional Prediction, Floaters Can Be Cured Naturally

Ovarian Cysts And PCOS Elimination
Holistic System In Existence That Will Show You How To
Permanently Eliminate All Types of Ovarian Cysts Within 2 Months


Back to Kyle J. Norton's Homepage http://kylejnorton.blogspot.ca


Author Biography
Kyle J. Norton (Scholar, Master of Nutrition, All rights reserved)
Health article writer and researcher; Over 10,000 articles and research papers have been written and published online, including worldwide health, ezine articles, article base, health blogs, self-growth, Best Before it's news, the karate GB Daily, etc.,.
Named TOP 50 MEDICAL ESSAYS FOR ARTISTS & AUTHORS TO READ by Disilgold.com Named 50 of the best health Tweeters Canada - Huffington Post
Nominated for Shorty Award over last 4 years
Some articles have been used as references in medical research, such as the international journal Pharma and Bioscience, ISSN 0975-6299.

Sources
(1) Betanin a betacyanin pigment purified from fruits of Opuntia ficus-indica induces apoptosis in human chronic myeloid leukemia Cell line-K562 by Sreekanth D1, Arunasree MK, Roy KR, Chandramohan Reddy T, Reddy GV, Reddanna P. (PubMed)
(2) Myelogenous leukemia - Chronic myelogenous leukemia (CML) by Kyle J. Norton

#Onion's Ethyl Acetate #Extract Exerts a Strong #Antibiotic-Like Activity, Researchers Suggest

Kyle J. Norton

Infection is a medical condition that can acute or chronic. Acute infection is sudden inflammation that occurs in a short period of time accompanied by a relatively brief period of symptoms.
Most cases of acute infection can be solved within days as the infectious agents are destroyed by the host immune system.

Chronic infection is the condition that lasts for a long period of time with the difficulty of clearing. Most cases of chronic infection are latent or slow infections that last the life of the host.

Antibiotics are medicines that inhibit the growth of or destroys microorganisms, including the popular penicillin or its derivatives

The bacterial infection is the infection caused by bacteria. Most cases of bacterial infection are treated with antibiotics. However, bacteria are very adaptable, and overuse of antibiotics has made many of them resistant to antibiotics.

There are trillions of strains of bacteria in the world, but only a few of these cause diseases in humans. Some of them live inside our gut.

There are many risk factors associated with the onset of bacterial infections
However, researchers do not know why people with the same health condition in the same family, some are prone to infectious disease, while others do not.

The most common symptoms of bacterial infection include redness and heat, swelling, fever, and pain at the site of infection.

In severe cases, the patient may also experience symptoms of swollen lymph glands.

Most cases of bacterial infection can be treated successfully if the types of bacteria that cause the infection are identified.

The onion is a plant in the genus Allium, belonging to the family Alliaceae, a closely related to garlic. It is often called the "king of vegetables" because of its pungent taste and found in a large number of recipes and preparations spanning almost the totality of the world's cultures.


Depending on the variety, an onion can be sharp, spicy, tangy, pungent, mild or sweet.

In finding a potential compound for the treatment of infectious disease researchers examined the antibacterial and possible antibiotic potentiating activity of garlic and onion.

The study compared the efficacy of decoction as traditionally used and methanol, ethanol, ethyl acetate, and acetone extracts of onion and garlic on 15 bacterial strains (6 ATCC strains and 9 clinical isolates).

According to the tested differentiation,
* Ethyl acetate extract of onion combined with Streptomycin produced an indifferent effect on all tested bacterial strains.

* Ethyl acetate extract of onion combined with Chloramphenicol showed a synergistic effect against ATCC S. aureus (FIC 0.27-0.30) and Micrococci species (FIC 0.27-0.32).

The antibacterial activity of onion extracts may be attributed to the presence of a high concentration of phenolic compounds in the onion.

In other words, the antibacterial property of onion is totally dependent on the antioxidant content which may be altered due to the different methods of growth, including conventional and organic cultivation.

Based on the findings, researchers said, "This study has provided an opportunity to establish valuable baseline information on the antibiotic potentiating activity of onion and... which can be further exploited for the treatment and/or management of infectious diseases".

Taken together, onion may be considered a remedy for the prevention and treatment of infectious disease, pending the confirmation of the larger sample size and multicenter human study.

Natural Medicine for Fatty Liver And Obesity Reversal - The Revolutionary Findings To Achieve Optimal Health And Lose Weight

How To Get Rid Of Eye Floaters
Contrary To Professional Prediction, Floaters Can Be Cured Naturally

Ovarian Cysts And PCOS Elimination
Holistic System In Existence That Will Show You How To
Permanently Eliminate All Types of Ovarian Cysts Within 2 Months


Back to Kyle J. Norton Homepage http://kylejnorton.blogspot.ca


Author Biography
Kyle J. Norton (Scholar, Master of Nutrition, All rights reserved)
Health article writer and researcher; Over 10,000 articles and research papers have been written and published online, including worldwide health, ezine articles, article base, health blogs, self-growth, Best Before it's news, the karate GB Daily, etc.,.
Named TOP 50 MEDICAL ESSAYS FOR ARTISTS & AUTHORS TO READ by Disilgold.com Named 50 of the best health Tweeters Canada - Huffington Post
Nominated for Shorty Award over last 4 years
Some articles have been used as references in medical research, such as the international journal Pharma and Bioscience, ISSN 0975-6299.

Sources
(1) Onion and Garlic Extracts Potentiate the Efficacy of Conventional Antibiotics against Standard and Clinical Bacterial Isolates by Mahomoodally F1, Ramcharun S1, Zengin G. (PubMed)

#Turmeric's #Curcumin Activates Pathways and Inhibits Genes Associated with A reduced Risk ofHead and Neck Cancer, Researchers Find

Kyle J. Norton

Cancer is a group of medical diseases characterized by cell growth irregularly in the organ tissue caused by DNA alternation.
Head and neck cancer (HNC) is a group of cancers located in the mouth, nose, throat, larynx, sinuses, or salivary glands.

According to the statistics, head and neck cancer accounts for about 4% of all cancers in the US. In 2019, approximately 65,410 Americans including 48,000 men and 17,410 women will develop head and neck cancer.

The overall survival rate of 5 years after diagnosis is 62%.

The use of tobacco products and excessive alcohol consumption are considered the most prevalent factors associated with the increased risk of the disease.


Additionally, viral infections including human papillomavirus (HPV) infection (for oropharyngeal cancer), and Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) infection (for nasopharyngeal cancer) are also found in some patients with HNC.

Epidemiologically, the overall incidence of HNC is decreasing in the US, particularly in those of the younger age group. However, the incidence of HPV-related cancers of the oropharynx has increased at an alarming rate.

Dr. Moustafa Mourad,, the lead scientist wrote, "The overall incidence of HNC is decreasing in the United States. However, there is an increasing incidence of HPV-related cancers of the oropharynx. Meaningful differences in cancer incidence and rate of change exist between men and women".


In the explanation of such an increase, the study suggested, "The recent increase in HPV-related cancer could be due to increased rates of oral HPV exposure because markers of high-risk sexual behavior such as younger ages of sexual debut, premarital sex, the average number of lifetime partners, and the practice of oral sex have increased among recent birth cohorts in the United States".

In other words, the risk of HPV-related HNC is also depending on the sexual behavior of individuals.

Turmeric is a perennial plant in the genus Curcuma, belonging to the family Zingiberaceae, native to tropical South Asia.


The herb has been used in traditional medicine as an anti-oxidant, hypoglycemic, colorant, antiseptic, wound healing agent, and to treat flatulence, bloating, and appetite loss, ulcers, eczema, inflammations, etc.

In the urgency to find a potential compound for the treatment of head and neck cancers. researchers the anticancer activity of a novel oral agent, curcumin on FaDu and Cal27 cell lines.

According to the tested analysis, curcumin inhibited growth and induced apoptosis of the FaDu and Cal27 cell lines associated with the inhibition of the migration of head and neck cancers (HNSCC) and blocking the tumor angiogenetic activity.


Furthermore, curcumin also induced cancer cell death by activating the intrinsic apoptotic pathway (caspase-9) and extrinsic apoptotic pathway (caspase-8).


More precisely, the anti-HNSCC efficacy of curcumin was attributed to the activation of the pathway and nuclear factors associated with DNA damage.

In vivo, the injection of curcumin increased gene expression of SIRT1 in the regulation of cellular biological function in a xenograft mouse model.


In other words, by targeting the gene SIRT1 that promotes the survival of aging cells and increases cancer risk, curcumin not only can increase the chemo drug efficacy but also reduce the risk of side effects.

Taken together, turmeric-processed abundantly bioactive compound curcumin may be considered supplements for the prevention and treatment of head and neck cancers, pending to the confirmation of the larger sample size and multicenter human study.

Intake of turmeric in the form of supplements should be taken with extreme care to prevent overdose acute liver toxicity.

Natural Medicine for Fatty Liver And Obesity Reversal - The Revolutionary Findings To Achieve Optimal Health And Lose Weight

How To Get Rid Of Eye Floaters
Contrary To Professional Prediction, Floaters Can Be Cured Naturally

Ovarian Cysts And PCOS Elimination
Holistic System In Existence That Will Show You How To
Permanently Eliminate All Types of Ovarian Cysts Within 2 Months


Back to Kyle J. Norton's Homepage http://kylejnorton.blogspot.ca


Author Biography
Kyle J. Norton (Scholar, Master of Nutrition, All rights reserved)
Health article writer and researcher; Over 10,000 articles and research papers have been written and published online, including worldwide health, ezine articles, article base, health blogs, self-growth, Best Before it's news, the karate GB Daily, etc.,.
Named TOP 50 MEDICAL ESSAYS FOR ARTISTS & AUTHORS TO READ by Disilgold.com Named 50 of the best health Tweeters Canada - Huffington Post
Nominated for Shorty Award over last 4 years
Some articles have been used as references in medical research, such as the international journal Pharma and Bioscience, ISSN 0975-6299.

Sources
(1) Curcumin as therapeutics for the treatment of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma by activating SIRT1 by Hu A1, Huang JJ2, Li RL3, Lu ZY3, Duan JL3, Xu WH1, Chen XP1, Fan JP. (PubMed)
(2) Synthetic curcumin analog UBS109 inhibits the growth of head and necksquamous cell carcinoma xenografts by Zhu S, Moore TW, Morii N, Howard RB, Culver D, Arrendale RF, Reddy P, Evers TJ, Zhang H, Sica G, Chen ZG, Sun A, Fu H, Khuri FR, Shin DM, Snyder JP, Shoji M. (PubMed)
(3) Epidemiological Trends of Head and Neck Cancer in the United States: A SEER Population Study by Moustafa Mourad, MD,* Thomas Jetmore, MD,† Ameya A. Jategaonkar, MD,‡ Sami Moubayed, MD,§ Erin Moshier, PhD,║ and Mark L. Urken, MD. (PMC)

#Phytochemical Betanin/isobetanin Mix Extracts Inhibit Proteins and Genes Associated with #BreastCancer Progression, According to Studies

Kyle J. Norton

Breast cancer is a chronic medical condition characterized by cell growth irregularly in the breast tissues due to DNA alternation.
Most cases of breast cancer begin in the cells on the surface of the inner lining of the breast tissues before penetrating into the deeper layers.

According to the statistics, in the US the lifetime of breast cancer in women is 1/8. In other words, if you are a woman, your risk of breast cancer development during your lifetime is 12.5%.

According to the prediction using historical data, in 2019, approximately 268,600 new cases of invasive breast cancer are expected to be diagnosed in women in the U.S., along with 62,930 new cases of non-invasive (in situ) breast cancer.

The exact causes of breast cancer are not identified. However, according to epidemiological studies, certain conditions may increase the risk of the disease such as being overweight, diet, inactivity, excessive alcohol consumption, smoking, and exposure to xenoestrogen.


Some researchers suggested that the discovery of oral contraceptive pills over the past few decades may correlate to the rise of breast cancer.

In other words, if you currently use an oral contraceptive, you are at a higher risk of the disease onset.


Dr. Kathleen E. Malone in the examined breast cancer risk in women who use oral contraceptives wrote, "Breast cancer incidence in Western countries is relatively high and apparently is increasing. That breast cancer appears to be influenced by other hormonally mediated factors leads to the hypothesis that the high rate of exposure to oral contraceptives among American women may also be associated with this increase".

And, "an increasing number of studies have appeared that suggest an elevated risk in relation to some aspects of oral contractive use".

Betanin is a phytochemical in the class of red and yellow indole-derived pigments of Betacyanins, belonging to the group of Betalains, found abundantly in beets, chard, etc.


With an aim to find a potential ingredient in plant phytochemicals for the treatment of breast cancer without inducing adverse effects compared to those of conventional medicine, researchers examined the extracts containing betanin and its stereoisomer Isobetanin, which belongs to the betalain group of highly bioavailable antioxidants.

The study involved the analysis of the cytotoxicity of applying betanin-enriched extract then characterized on cancer and normal cells.

Betanin/Isobetanin concentrate significantly decreased cancer cell proliferation and viability of MCF-7-treated cells, by inducing the production of proteins associated with proapoptosis and genes associated with tumor suppression.

Observation of the increased alternation of the mitochondrial membrane potential suggested that the extracts cause cancer cell death by both intrinsic and extrinsic apoptotic pathways.

The death of MCF-7-treated cells is also attributed to betanin/isobetanin-induced autophagy.

Interestingly, the injection of betanin-enriched extract showed no obvious effect on normal cell lines.

Dr. Nowacki L, the lead scientist said, "The betanin/isobetanin mix as a therapeutic anticancer compound, alone or in combination with classical chemotherapeutic drugs, especially in functional p53 tumors".

In other words, betanin/isobetanin mix extracts processed anti-breast cancer cell proliferation by inducing cell death without affecting the integrity and viability of the normal breast cells.


In the analysis of the FDA-approved red food color E162, used in suppressing the development of multi-organ tumors in experimental animals, researchers compared the cytotoxic effect of the red beetroot extract with an anticancer drug, doxorubicin (Adriamycin) in the estrogen receptor-positive human breast cancer cells (MCF-7).

Beetroot extract exerted a significantly lower cancer cell inhibition compared to doxorubicin.

The findings suggested that betanin, the major betacyanin constituent, may play an important role in the cytotoxicity exhibited by the red beetroot extract, according to the study.

Taken together, betanin used alone or combined with other phytochemicals may be considered supplements for the prevention and treatment of breast cancer, pending the confirmation of the larger sample size and multicenter human study.

Intake of betanin in the form of supplements should be taken with extreme care to prevent overdose acute liver toxicity.

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Author Biography
Kyle J. Norton (Scholar, Master of Nutrition, All rights reserved)
Health article writer and researcher; Over 10,000 articles and research papers have been written and published online, including worldwide health, ezine articles, article base, health blogs, self-growth, Best Before it's news, the karate GB Daily, etc.,.
Named TOP 50 MEDICAL ESSAYS FOR ARTISTS & AUTHORS TO READ by Disilgold.com Named 50 of the best health Tweeters Canada - Huffington Post
Nominated for Shorty Award over last 4 years
Some articles have been used as references in medical research, such as the international journal Pharma and Bioscience, ISSN 0975-6299.

Sources
(1) Betanin-Enriched Red Beetroot (Beta vulgaris L.) Extract Induces Apoptosis and Autophagic Cell Death in MCF-7 Cells by Nowacki L1,2, Vigneron P2, Rotellini L2, Cazzola H1, Merlier F1, Prost E1, Ralanairina R3, Gadonna JP3, Rossi C1, Vayssade M2. (PubMed)
(2) Cytotoxic effect of the red beetroot (Beta vulgaris L.) extract compared to doxorubicin (Adriamycin) in the human prostate (PC-3) and breast (MCF-7) cancer-cell lines by Kapadia GJ1, Azuine MA, Rao GS, Arai T, Iida A, Tokuda H. (PubMed)
(3) Oral Contraceptives and Breast Cancer: A Review of the Epidemiological Evidence with an Emphasis on Younger Women by Kathleen E. Malone. (NCBI)