Kyle J. Norton
Green tea may have a potentially hepatoprotective effect in the prevention and treatment of liver disease, renowned institutes postulated.
Liver disease is a reduced function in toxin elimination of the liver as a result of damage or injury, caused by medication, viral infection,
Green tea, a precious drink processes a number of health benefits known to almost everyone in Asia and the Western world.
However, as yin in nature herbal medicine, or food, long-term injection of large amounts may obstruct the balance of yin-yang, inducing "yin excessive syndrome" or "yang vacuity syndrome" including weakened immunity and painful case of GERD,... according to traditional Chinese medicine's Yin-Yang theory.
According to the joint study led by the Zhujiang Hospital of Southern Medical University Guangzhou, in the review of the database of PubMed, CNKI, Wanfang, and Weipu databases, regular green tea drinking is associated with a significant reduction in the risk of liver disease(1), including hepatocellular carcinoma, liver steatosis, hepatitis, liver cirrhosis, and chronic liver disease.
Green tea demonstrated a reduced risk of liver disease regardless of race and geographies(1) of the patients resided such as Asian, American, and European subgroups.
1. Liver Cancer
Liver cancer is a medical condition caused by cell growth disorderly and uncontrollably in the liver tissue. At the later stage, the cancerous cells may travel a distance away to infect other healthy organs and tissues.
In the review of medical literature published online, green tea bioactive phytochemicals such as Epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG) and Theaflavin (TF), in the prevention and treatment of liver cancer have been postulated by several mechanisms.
In liver cancer, animal model induced by chronic exposure to N-nitrosodiethylamine (NDEA), a carcinogenic and mutagenic organic compound, application of green tea bioactive compounds Epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG) and Theaflavin (TF) demonstrated a strong effect in reduced initiation of cancer formation and potential chemopreventive effect in pre and post-treatment of the injected animal(5).
Further observation showed that EGCG/TF action in restraining the over-expression of liver cancer also modulates similarly to those of CD44-specific cell membrane binding combined with near-infrared irradiation in the induction of cellular apoptosis(5).
High CD44-positive expression is found to associate with acute cancer cell killing.
The restriction processes of EGCG/TF in modification of onset of liver cancer development was also found to modify multiple biogenesis involved in maintaining a relatively stable equilibrium in organs tissues(self-renewal Wnt/β-catenin, Hh/Gli1 pathways) in gene with the implication of cell cycle progression, apoptosis and cellular transformation and cell differentiation and proliferation(Cyclin D1, cMyc and EGFR) and tumor suppressor (E-cadherin)(5) during the carcinogenesis processes.
The therapeutic efficacy of tea polyphenols epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG) and theaflavin (TF) also regulated the proteins expression of cell differentiation, polarity, and proliferation(the self-renewal Wnt and Hedgehog (Hh) pathways)(6).during CCl4/N-nitosodiethylamine-induced mouse liver carcinogenesis.
Application of green tea bioactive tea polyphenols epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG) and theaflavin (TF) induced chemopreventive potential in maintaining cell integrity at the 30 weeks of CCl4/N-nitosodiethylamine application(6).
Continuous administration of EGCG/TF also exerted a strong impact in reduced proliferation and increased apoptosis, as well as the decreased function of hepatic progenitor cells (HPCs) in the participated restoration of the cancerous liver tissue and population with cancer, stem cell-like characteristics in liver carcinoma(6) observed by AFP and CD44 expression.in CCl4/N-nitosodiethylamine-induced mouse liver carcinogenesis.
Also, during the restriction processes of EGCG/TF, the bioactive compounds also modulated the expression of tumor progression to a more invasive phenotype(phospho-β-catenin-Y-654), tumor suppressor(β-catenin), the proliferation, migration, and invasion of liver cancer gene(sFRP1 ) and gene in control tumor suppressor(β-catenin)(6).
In other words, green tea EGCG/TF inhibited the contaminated cells inflicted by injection of CCl4/N-nitosodiethylamine to prevent the initiation of liver cancer through modulation of certain gene expressions involved in liver cancer progression.
In short, the inhibition of liver carcinogenesis by EGCG/TF was attributed to the reduction in hepatocyte progenitor cell and stem cell population in restored liver cancerous cell damage through various mechanisms indicated above.
2. Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease
Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease is a condition caused by over-accumulated fat in the liver.
According to the University of Connecticut, Storrs, the efficacy of green tea for the treatment of obese patients with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease is associated with polyphenolic catechins in the induction of hypolipidemic, thermogenic, antioxidant, and anti-inflammatory activities(7).
These chemical compounds have also been found to mitigate the occurrence and progression of NAFLD.
Dr. Masterjohn C(7), the lead author said, "(The phytochemical compounds are) demonstrating the hepatoprotective properties of green tea and its catechins and the proposed mechanisms by which these targeted dietary agents protect against NAFLD".
In mice fed on a high-fat diet for 24 weeks, then injected with EGCG (10, 20, and 40 mg·kg(-1)·d(-1), ip), for 4 weeks, researchers found that treated mice showed a significant improvement of a high-fat diet in induced the body weight, grade 2 or 3 liver fatty degeneration (steatosis, lobular inflammation, and ballooning), severe hyperlipidemia, hyperglycemia, hyperinsulinemia, and insulin resistance(8).
The phytochemicals EGCG, in dose-dependent, also enhanced insulin clearance and upregulated IDE protein expression and enzyme activity(8) in regulated levels of glucose in the liver of treated mice.
In fact, EGCG not only promoted weight loss but also attenuated symptoms of mice with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease.
Administration of green tea polyphenols (GTP) on non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) in Zucker fatty (ZF) rats, not only decreased weight gain and significantly lowered visceral fat but also reduced fasting serum insulin, glucose, and lipids levels(9), through ameliorated expression of hepatic TG accumulation and cytoplasmic lipid droplet(9) as well as diminished hepatic lipogenesis and triglycerides out flux from liver(9).
3. Liver Cirrhosis
Liver cirrhosis is a condition of abnormal function of the liver due to damaged liver tissue replaced by scar tissue.
According to statistics, the risk of liver cirrhosis is 1.6% in the adult population.
Green tea polyphenols in reduced risk and treatment of patients with liver cirrhosis were found to associate with a number of implications, involving various mechanisms.
In male SD rats model induced liver cirrhosis through carbon tetrachloride(CCL4), randomly assigned to 3 groups, including the normal group, the green tea extract (GTE) group, and the cirrhosis group, with the GTE group and the cirrhosis group were injected subcutaneously 2 times/wk over 9 weeks with 40% Carbon tetrachloride (CCl4), the researcher found that green tea treatment groups displayed a significant reduction of the concentration of hydroxyproline(11), an amino acid produced during the hydrolysis of collagen initiate scar accumulation in the liver damage tissue caused by CCl4)(11) is compared to cirrhosis group.
Green tea application also exhibited antioxidant activities in decreased expression of malondialdehyde (MDA)(11), a highly toxic reactive species in precipitated liver damage induced by the application of carbon tetrachloride(CCL4).
Green tea extract ameliorated the liver damage cell in the formation of cirrhosis by attenuating the expression of transforming growth factor beta 1 or TGF-β1(11) in initiated cell growth, and cell proliferation.
In differentiation of 11 patients with hepatitis C and detectable viremia of 4 Child-Pugh (CP) class A cirrhosis, 4 Child-Pugh class B cirrhosis, and 3 noncirrhotic, researchers at the Thomas Jefferson University indicated that injection of a single oral dose of green tea extract 400 mg containing 94% pure EGCG demonstrated a strong effect in reduced cirrhosis overexpression in induction of liver tumor growth(12) by inhibiting the virus hepatitis in facilitated production of ROS species through chronic liver inflammation(12), according to the blood sample withdrawn from the patients without inducing liver toxicity.
Dr. Halegoua-De Marzio D(11), after taking into account other confounders said, "A single 400-mg oral dose of EGCG was safe and well tolerated by all of the patients in the study" and disposition of EGCG was not significantly altered in these patients with cirrhosis".
In the concern of abnormal angiogenesis in patients with liver cirrhosis in the induction of severe complications such as variceal hemorrhage and encephalopathy, Dr. Hsu SJ and colleges conducted a study to investigate the effect of green tea extract in Spraqtue-Dawley rats liver induced in by common BDL (bile duct ligation) in compared to control given distilled water for 28 days and found that group treated with green tea extract expressed a strong implication in ameliorated the severity of portosystemic shunting(10), a rare malformation of the vessels supplying blood to the liver caused by excessive shunting of blood from the liver portal vein to the lower and middle body into the right atrium of the heart due to liver cirrhosis(10) in induction portal hypertension, one of complication of variceal hemorrhage in patient with chronic liver cirrhosis and mesenteric angiogenesis(10) in development of new blood vessels to supply oxygen and nutrients to initiate liver cancer.
The effect of green tea GTP extract in reduced progression of liver cirrhosis was attributed to the suppression of hypoxia-inducible factor 1-alpha (HIF-1α)(10) in the expression of liver disease of diverse etiologies, including chronic liver diseases caused by viral infection, excessive alcohol consumption and activation of protein kinase B (Akt)(10) in regulated infectious liver cell survival, cell-cycle progression,... and levels of VEGF(10) in reflection of increased portal hypertension or decreased hepatic regenerative activity or the combination of both.
Dr.Hsu SJ(10), the lead author said after the conclusion, "GTP appears to be an appropriate agent in controlling portal hypertension-related complications via anti-angiogenesis.
4. Liver Fibrosis
Liver fibrosis is a liver disease with excessive accumulation of scar tissue as a result of inflammation and liver cell death
According to Fibro Test, approximately, the prevalence of advanced fibrosis was 2.8% in a general population aged 40 years or older.
Application of a novel bio-nano particle named 'Chitosan nano-encapsulated green tea extract' at the ultrastructural level on 25 adult rats induced liver toxicity by injection of carbon-tetrachloride and ethanol doses for 3 weeks, expressed a significant reduction of nearly 25% of the sub-cellular area infected with hepatic fibrosis(13).
The efficacy of Chitosan nano-encapsulated green tea extract in decreased liver fibroids was attributed to the antioxidant activity in inhibited the expression of the injected chemicals in induction overproduction of reactive oxygen species (ROS)(13) in a chain reaction to elevated oxidative stress in the initiation of liver cell apoptosis.
Observed by scanning electron microscopy, oral administration of novel bio-nano particles also exerted a strong free radical scavengers effect in protecting against changes of cell surface structure and surrounding area between the hepatocytes(14), thus ameliorating the risk of collagen deposit to cause liver fibroids.
In carbon tetrachloride CCL4-induced fibrotic liver tissues in rat models, treatment of green tea extract (GTE) encapsulated into Chitosan Nanoparties (CS-NPs) revealed that collagen fibers of 250 to 300 nm widths found in the fibrotic liver samples of a control group with no treatment in compared to no collagen fibers in green tea treatment group(11).
The effectiveness of GTE is reduced expression of collagen fibers in the liver a was found to correlate to the antioxidant expression in reduced CCL4(11) in induction of overproduction of free radicals in precipitated liver tissue damage.
In the evaluation of the protective effect of green tea extract (GT) on hepatic fibrosis in vitro and in vivo in dimethylnitrosamine (DMN)-induced rats, researchers at the Korea University, indicated that the application of GT inhibited activated HSC-T6(15), a rat hepatic stellate cell line which is considered as the major cell type involved in liver fibrosis.
The application also attenuated the collagen deposition which is elevated and acted as a biomarker for progression of liver fibrosis, particularly, in an expression of collagen type 1 formation of scar tissue in response to liver damage(15), found in the early event in the development of hepatic fibrosis, confirmed both by liver histology and by quantitative measurement of hepatic hydroxyproline content.
Dr. Kim HK(15), the lead author said, "Green tea administration can effectively improve liver fibrosis caused by DMN, and may be used as a therapeutic option and preventive measure against hepatic fibrosis".
5. Autoimmune Hepatitis
Autoimmune hepatitis is a medical condition characterized by the immune system attacking the liver cells in the induction of liver cirrhosis as a result of long-term liver cellular inflammation and necrosis.
In the study of concanavalin A (ConA) (25 mg/kg) induced autoimmune hepatitis in mice, pretreatment of green tea exerted a strong inhibition of inflammatory cytokines through increased Bcl-2 expression(16) with the function of blocking the apoptotic death of some cells and deceased activity of protein Bax in activated p53, a tumor suppressor to induce cell death and caspase-3, and Caspase-9 proteins(16) in signaling molecules in responsible for executing cell death in compared to ConA-treated group within 8 hours of applications, according to the observation of TUNEL assay by detecting apoptotic cells that undergo extensive DNA degradation.
In other words, green tea EGCG administration reduced the expression of ConA in the induction of decreased numbers of infectious cells being attacked by the immune system, thus ameliorating the risk of liver cell damage.
Application of green tea bioactive polyphenols Epigallocatechin-3-gallate (10 or 30 mg/kg) orally twice daily for 10 days before ConA injection also demonstrated significant activity in reduced activation of BNIP3(16), a member of the apoptotic Bcl-2 protein family in mediated infectious cell apoptosis through autophagy(16) in induced destruction of damaged or redundant cellular components in compared to lectin ConA.
The result of green tea EGCG efficacy in induction of BNIP3 to decrease expression of concanavalin A (ConA) in the reduction of numbers infectious cell proliferation was attributed to the IL-6/JAK/STAT3(16) signaling pathway which plays an important role in the mechanisms in exhibited green tea EGCG antioxidant activity in blocking infectious cells migration and invasion in exhibited hepatoprotective effect.
In other words, said, Dr. Li S(16), the lead scientist "EGCG attenuated liver injury in ConA-induced hepatitis by down-regulating IL-6/JAKs/STAT3/BNIP3-mediated apoptosis and autophagy".
Further differentiation also found that green tea EGCG administration inhibited the immune overreaction and pathological damage by decreased expression of inflammatory cytokines induced by Tumor necrosis factor (TNF)(16), tumor necrosis factor-alpha, a cell signaling protein (cytokine) in activated systemic inflammation in the acute phase infection.
Green tea also modulated the inflammatory factors, interleukin 6 (IL-6)(16), the pro-inflammatory cytokines, and anti-inflammatory cytokines promptly and transiently produced in response to infections and tissue injuries and interferon-gamma (IFN-γ)(16), a cytokine that plays an important role in inducing and modulating immune responses to the infectious tissue, as well as cytokine interleukin-1β (IL-1β)(16), a key mediator of the inflammatory response in protected body against pathological invasion.
6. Hepatitis B
Hepatitis B is a viral infection of acute and chronic liver disease, caused by a double-stranded DNA virus HBV transmitted through infected blood, semen, or other body fluid.
According to the statistic, positive carriers among Canadians is estimated to be 0.5% to 1.0%., depending on ethnicity.
According to the evaluation of the effect of green tea bioactive polyphenols epigallocatechin-3 gallate (EGCG) and risk of hepatitis B, application of the phytochemical inhibited HBV replication in the testing Hep3B2.1-7 hepatocellular carcinoma cell line(17), through a significant effect in reduced prevalence of liver damage caused by hepatitis B virus.
Injection of EGCG at the dose of less than 100 μM in the observed liver cancer cell line showed no effect in induced cell apoptosis and decreased proliferation but exhibited a strong effect in the ameliorated expression of surface antigen of the hepatitis B virus (HBsAg)(18) and antigen of hepatitis B virus(18) circulated in infected blood (HBeAg) levels found by the ELISA method and the polymerase chain reaction (PCR)assay.
Differentiation in different HepG2 2.2.15 cells to compare the effectiveness of green tea with standard antiretroviral medication lamivudine (3TC), researchers indicated that administration of EGCG shows significant inhibition of viral proliferation through the attenuated expression of levels of HBsAg and HBeAg in the supernatant and extracellular HBV DNA(18) in a dose- and time-dependent manner.
At doses of 50-200 μg/ml EGCG displayed strong effects compared to lamivudine (3TC) at the dose of 200 μg/ml(18).
Application of EGCG also suppressed the extracellular HBV DNA(18), a nutrient source for viral cell proliferation and survival through attachment, aggregation, and stabilization of microcolonies.
The results of the experiments pointed out that green tea EGCG comprises a potential anti-HBV activity with low toxicity.
In the investigation of green tea EGCG effect in the early stages of infection caused by four different Hepatitis B virus genotypes A and D researchers also found that at the dose of more than 80%, the phytochemicals inhibited both DMSO-differentiated HuS-E/2 cells and HA-NTCP-expressing Huh7 cells(19) involved cancer cell process in an early stage of proliferation through induced protein degradation and ameliorated serum of tansferrin(19). (the iron-binding blood plasma glycoproteins that control the level of free iron in biological fluids)which is considered as a liver fibrosis biomarker in patients with chronic hepatitis B.
However, treatment of cells with EGCG had no effect on HBV genome replication or virion secretion(19), and the characteristic of HBV virion and the expression of known HBV entry factors were unaltered(19) outside of the host before attacking the liver tissue.
7. Hepatitis C
Hepatitis C is a medical condition induced by contaminated food intake containing hepatitis C virus (HCV). Hepatitis C has been found to associate with severe liver damage.
According to statistics, approximately 130–150 million people around the world are living with chronic HCV.
In Huh7.5.1 cells, an HCV cell culture (HCVcc) system using a JFH1-GFP chimeric virus, application of green tea EGCG with 50 % effective concentration (EC(50)) of 17.9 μM demonstrated a strong effect in interrupted HCV progression through monitoring HCV RNA and protein levels in Huh7.5.1 cells infected with the JFH1 virus(21) by preventing the mRNA in transferring infectious cell transcription in facilitated cell proliferation and division.
Injection of green tea at doses of 50 and 25 μM EGCG, expressed a significant inhibition of the presence of HCV after 2 and 5 passages in HCV cell culture (HCVcc) experiment(21), using an American Type Culture Collection (ATCC) reference strain, with little effect to the viral internal ribosome entry site (IRES) in initiated substitution of RNA sequences for viral protein synthesis(21) in shutting off classic host translation to evade host immune response.
Notably, in comparison of the effect of green tea with potent anti-HCV medicine, cyclosporin A and tamoxifen, researchers indicated that the application of green tea showed a strong anti-HCV viral activity, similar to those of anti-hepatitis medicine through its antioxidant expression of flavonoids epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG) and 7,8-benzoflavone (α-naphthoflavone)(21), observed in HCV cell culture (HCVcc) by blocking the entry point of the virus in initiated infection to host cells(21) and stimulating the viral cell cycle arrest at the late stage of HCV life cycle(21), respectively
Some researchers in the evaluation of green tea polyphenols (-)-epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG) in hepatitis C infection suggested that EGCG processed anti-viral expression through interrupting the cross link between HCV life cycle involving steps of entry, replication(22).
Injection of a concentration of 50 μM of EGCG was found to inhibit HCV infectivity by more than 90% at an early step of the viral life cycle(20).
The interrupted property in blocking the HCV entry cycle to induce infection to the host cell was confirmed with HCV pseudo particles (20), an experimental model system in expression of cellular attachment which is the essential component of the HCV entry process.
Green tea EGCG also prevented attachment of of the virus to the cell surface in ameliorated HCV infection to the host cell without affecting viral replication and virion secretion outside of the host(20).
Summary
Green tea with abundant bioactive polyphenols may be considered a functional food for reduced risk and treatment of various types of liver diseases. However, intake of green supplements should be taken with extreme care as toxicity was reported in a number of medical literature, such as
The single ingredients extract has also been found to induce hepatotoxicity (2)(4) and acute liver dysfunction(4) on many occasions due to overdoses and long-term usage.
Additionally, the Baylor College of Medicine and Dalhousie University, Halifax reported, "(There is) a case of acute impending liver failure in an adolescent male using a weight-loss product containing green tea extract" and "acute liver toxicity observed in individuals consuming supplements containing green tea extract"(3).
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Author Biography
Kyle J. Norton (Scholar, Master of Nutrition, All right reserved)
Health article writer and researcher; Over 10.000 articles and research papers have been written and published online, including worldwide health, ezine articles, article base, healthblogs, self-growth, best before it's news, the Karate GB Daily, etc.,.
Named TOP 50 MEDICAL ESSAYS FOR ARTISTS & AUTHORS TO READ by Disilgold.com Named 50 of the best health Tweeters Canada - Huffington Post
Nominated for shorty award over last 4 years
Some articles have been used as references in medical research, such as the international journal Pharma and Bio Science, ISSN 0975-6299.
Sources
(1) The effect of green tea intake on risk of liver disease: a meta-analysis by Yin X1, Yang J2, Li T3, Song L4, Han T5, Yang M1, Liao H1, He J1, Zhong X1.(PubMed)
(2) Green tea extract: a potential cause of acute liver failure by Patel SS1, Beer S, Kearney DL, Phillips G, Carter BA.(PubMed)
(3) Green tea extract: a potential cause of acute liver failure by Patel SS1, Beer S, Kearney DL, Phillips G, Carter BA.(PubMed)
(4) Acute liver failure induced by green tea extracts: case report and review of the literature by Molinari M1, Watt KD, Kruszyna T, Nelson R, Walsh M, Huang WY, Nashan B, Peltekian K.(PubMed)
(5) Tea polyphenols EGCG and TF restrict tongue and liver carcinogenesis simultaneously induced by N-nitrosodiethylamine in mice by Sur S1, Pal D2, Roy R2, Barua A2, Roy A3, Saha P2, Panda CK4.(PubMed)
(6) Tea polyphenols epigallocatechin gallate and theaflavin restrict mouse liver carcinogenesis through modulation of self-renewal Wnt and hedgehog pathways by Sur S1, Pal D2, Mandal S3, Roy A4, Panda CK5.(PubMed)
(7) Therapeutic potential of green tea in nonalcoholic fatty liver disease by Masterjohn C1, Bruno RS.(PubMed)
(8) Green tea polyphenol epigallocatechin-3-gallate ameliorates insulin resistance in non-alcoholic fatty liver disease mice by Gan L1, Meng ZJ1, Xiong RB2, Guo JQ1, Lu XC1, Zheng ZW1, Deng YP1, Luo BD1, Zou F3, Li H1. (PubMed)
(9) Green tea polyphenols ameliorate non-alcoholic fatty liver disease through upregulating AMPK activation in high fat-fed Zucker fatty rats by Tan Y1, Kim J1, Cheng J1, Ong M1, Lao WG1, Jin XL1, Lin YG1, Xiao L1, Zhu XQ1, Qu XQ1. (PubMed)
(10) Green tea polyphenol decreases the severity of portosystemic collaterals and mesenteric angiogenesis in rats with liver cirrhosis by Hsu SJ, Wang SS, Hsin IF, Lee FY, Huang HC, Huo TI, Lee WS, Lin HC, Lee SD. (PubMed)
(11) [Green tea extracts protected against carbon tetrachloride-induced chronic liver damage and cirrhosis].[Article in Chinese] by Xiao J1, Lu R, Shen X, Wu M.(PubMed)
(12) Limited sampling estimates of epigallocatechin gallate exposures in cirrhotic and noncirrhotic patients with hepatitis C after single oral doses of green tea extract by Halegoua-De Marzio D1, Kraft WK, Daskalakis C, Ying X, Hawke RL, Navarro VJ. (PubMed)
(13) Effect of Green Tea Extract Encapsulated Into Chitosan Nanoparticles on Hepatic FibrosisCollagen Fibers Assessed by Atomic Force Microscopy in Rat Hepatic Fibrosis Model by Safer AM, Hanafy NA, Bharali DJ, Cui H, Mousa SA. (PubMed)
(14) Quantification of the Healing Effect in Hepatic Fibrosis Induced by Chitosan Nano-Encapsulated Green Tea in Rat Model by Safer AM, Sen A, Hanafy NA, Mousa SA. (PubMed)
(15) Antifibrotic effects of green tea on in vitro and in vivo models of liver fibrosis by Kim HK1, Yang TH, Cho HY.(PubMed)
(16) Epigallocatechin-3-gallate attenuates apoptosis and autophagy in concanavalin A-induced hepatitis by inhibiting BNIP3. by Li S1, Xia Y1, Chen K1, Li J1, Liu T1, Wang F1, Lu J1, Zhou Y1, Guo C1.(PMC)
(17) (-)-Epigallocatechin-3-gallate inhibits entry of hepatitis B virus into hepatocytes by Huang HC1, Tao MH2, Hung TM3, Chen JC4, Lin ZJ5, Huang C6.(PubMed)
(18) Preventive effects of a major component of green tea, epigallocatechin-3-gallate, on hepatitis-B virus DNA replication by Karamese M1, Aydogdu S, Karamese SA, Altoparlak U, Gundogdu C.(PubMed)
(19) Green tea polyphenol, epigallocatechin-3-gallate, possesses the antiviral activity necessary to fight against the hepatitis B virus replication in vitro by Pang JY1, Zhao KJ, Wang JB, Ma ZJ, Xiao XH. (PubMed)
(20) (-)-Epigallocatechin-3-gallate is a new inhibitor of hepatitis C virus entry by Calland N1, Albecka A, Belouzard S, Wychowski C, Duverlie G, Descamps V, Hober D, Dubuisson J, Rouillé Y, Séron K.(PubMed)
(21) (-)-Epigallocatechin-3-gallate inhibits the replication cycle of hepatitis C virus by Chen C1, Qiu H, Gong J, Liu Q, Xiao H, Chen XW, Sun BL, Yang RG. (PubMed)
(22) A cell-based, microplate colorimetric screen identifies 7,8-benzoflavone and green tea gallate catechins as inhibitors of the hepatitis C virus by Fukazawa H1, Suzuki T, Wakita T, Murakami Y.(PubMed)
Thursday, 6 July 2023
#Greentea's #Epicatechin (EPI) Health Benefits, According to Studies
Kyle J. Norton
Green tea contains more amount of antioxidants than any drink or food with the same volume and is the leaves of Camellia sinensis, undergo minimal oxidation during processing, and originated from China. Green tea has been a precious drink in traditional Chinese culture and used exceptionally in socialization for more than 4000 thousand years. Because of their health benefits, they have been cultivated for commercial purposes all over the world.
Epicatechin, containing catechins, is phytochemical of Flavan-3-ols, in the group of Flavonoids (polyphenols), found abundantly in kola nut, tea, and grapes,...
1. Testosterone
The study of the effects of catechins on testosterone secretion in rat testicular Leydig cells (LCs) both in vivo and in vitro, found that Catechins increased plasma testosterone in vivo in male rats. In vitro, low-dose concentration of catechins increased gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH)-stimulated luteinizing hormone (LH) release by anterior pituitary gland and hCG-stimulated testosterone release by LCs of male rats, according to "Effects of catechin, epicatechin and epigallocatechin gallate on testosterone production in rat Leydig cells" by Yu PL, Pu HF, Chen SY, Wang SW, Wang PS(1)
2. Insulin Resistance
In the study of increased plasma levels of free fatty acids (FFAs) are associated with profound insulin resistance in skeletal muscle and may also play a critical role in the insulin resistance of obesity and type 2 diabetes mellitus, found that epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG) and curcumin treatment reduce insulin receptor substrate-1 (IRS-1) Ser307 phosphorylation, and curcumin is more potent to increase Akt phosphorylation in TPA induction. Moreover, we found that after 5 h of palmitate incubation, epicatechin gallate (ECG) can suppress IRS-1 Ser307 phosphorylation and significantly promote Akt, ERK1/2, p38 MAPK, and AMP-activated protein kinase activation. With a longer incubation with palmitate, IRS-1 exhibited a dramatic depletion, and treatment with EGCG, ECG, and curcumin could reverse IRS-1 expression, Akt phosphorylation, and MAPK signaling cascade activation and improve glucose uptake in C2C12 skeletal muscle cells, according to "Suppression of Free Fatty Acid-Induced Insulin Resistance by Phytopolyphenols in C2C12 Mouse Skeletal Muscle Cells" by Deng YT, Chang TW, Lee MS, Lin JK.(2)
3. Genoprotective effects
In the determination of what effects could trigger the effects of epicatechin gallate (ECG) in C6 cells, found that ECG is a dose-dependent genoprotective compound in C6 astroglial cells. This indicates that small doses of polyphenols included in our diet could have beneficial effects on neural cells, contributing to the prevention of oxidative stress-associated brain pathologies. In addition, our data highlight the importance of strictly modulating doses and/or consumption of antioxidant-fortified foods or additional supplements containing such beneficial molecules, according to "Genoprotective effects of the green tea-derived polyphenol/epicatechin gallate in C6 astroglial cells' by Abib RT, Quincozes-Santos A, Zanotto C, Zeidán-Chuliá F, Lunardi PS, Gonçalves CA, Gottfried C.(3)
4. Colon cancer
In the identification of the anticarcinogenic effects of the flavanols epicatechin (EC), epicatechin-gallate (ECG), and procyanidin B2 (PB2) on Caco-2 and SW480 colon cancer cells, found that the different cytotoxicity of flavanols is caused by their different activity and the degree of differentiation of the colon cancer cell line. Thus, ECG induced apoptosis in SW480 cells and contributed to the cytotoxic effect, whereas ECG enhanced the antioxidant potential in Caco-2 cells. PB2 activated cell proliferation and survival/proliferation pathways in SW480 cells, accoridng to "Dietary flavanols exert different effects on antioxidant defenses and apoptosis/proliferation in Caco-2 and SW480 colon cancer cells" by
Ramos S, Rodríguez-Ramiro I, Martín MA, Goya L, Bravo L.(4)
5. Anti-cancer
In the demonstration of the ability of monomeric and dimeric flavanols in scavenging reactive nitrogen species derived from nitrous acid, found that epicatechin was transferred across the jejunum of the small intestine yielding metabolites, its nitroso form was not absorbed. Dimer B2 but not epicatechin monomer inhibited the proliferation of and triggered apoptosis in, Caco-2 cells. The latter was accompanied by caspase-3 activation and reductions in Akt phosphorylation, suggesting activation of apoptosis via inhibition of prosurvival signaling, according to "The reaction of flavanols with nitrous acid protects against N-nitrosamine formation and leads to the formation of nitroso derivatives which inhibit cancer cell growth" by Lee SY, Munerol B, Pollard S, Youdim KA, Pannala AS, Kuhnle GG, Debnam ES, Rice-Evans C, Spencer JP.(5)
6. Antioxidants
In the evaluation of evaluate the antioxidant response of colon-derived Caco2 cells to dietary flavanols, found that Flavanols ( epicatechin (EC), epicatechin-3-gallate (ECG), epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG) and procyanidin B2 (PB2)) protect Caco2 cells against induced oxidative stress and subsequent cellular death by reducing ROS production and preventing caspase-3 activation. In particular, PB2 increases the activity of antioxidant/detoxification enzymes and thus protects Caco2 cells by directly counteracting free radicals and also by activating the antioxidant defence system, according to "Comparative effects of dietary flavanols on antioxidant defences and their response to oxidant-induced stress on Caco2 cells" by Rodríguez-Ramiro I, Martín MA, Ramos S, Bravo L, Goya L.(6)
7. Hepatitis C virus
In the investigation of the polyphenol, epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG) and and its derivatives, epigallocatechin (EGC), epicatechin gallate (ECG), and epicatechin (EC), as an inhibitor of HCV entry, found that treatment with EGCG directly during inoculation strongly inhibited HCV infectivity. Expression levels of all known HCV (co-)receptors were unaltered by EGCG. Finally, we showed that EGCG inhibits viral attachment to the cell, thus disrupting the initial step of HCV cell entry and concluded that the green tea molecule, EGCG, potently inhibits HCV entry and could be part of an antiviral strategy aimed at the prevention of HCV reinfection after liver transplantation, according to "The green tea polyphenol, epigallocatechin-3-gallate, inhibits hepatitis C virus entry" by Ciesek S, von Hahn T, Colpitts CC, Schang LM, Friesland M, Steinmann J, Manns MP, Ott M, Wedemeyer H, Meuleman P, Pietschmann T, Steinmann E.(7)
8. Genotoxic effects
In the evaluation of the potential cytotoxic and prooxidative effects of green tea extract and its two main flavonoid constituents epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG) and epicatechin gallate (ECG) on human laryngeal carcinoma cell line (HEp2), found that the cytotoxicity of EGCG and ECG increased with the time of incubation. Green tea extract induced lipid peroxidation in the CK2 cell line. The pro-oxidant effect of green tea was determined at concentrations higher than those found in traditionally prepared green tea infusions, according to "Genotoxic effects of green tea extract on human laryngeal carcinoma cells in vitro" by Durgo K, Kostić S, Gradiški K, Komes D, Osmak M, Franekić J.(8)
9. Anti-inflammatory properties
In the comparison of anti-tumoral properties of EGCG on human pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) cells PancTu-I, Panc1, Panc89 and BxPC3 and the effects of two minor components of green tea catechins, catechin gallate (CG) and epicatechin gallate (ECG), found that all three catechins inhibited proliferation of PDAC cells in a dose- and time-dependent manner. Interestingly, CG and ECG exerted much stronger anti-proliferative effects than EGCG. Western blot analyses performed with PancTu-I cells revealed catechin-mediated modulation of cell cycle regulatory proteins (cyclins, cyclin-dependent kinases [CDK], CDK inhibitors). Again, these effects were clearly more pronounced in CG or ECG than in EGCG-treated cells, according to "Epicatechin gallateand catechin gallate are superior to epigallocatechin gallate in growth suppression and anti-inflammatory activities in pancreatic tumor cells" by Kürbitz C, Heise D, Redmer T, Goumas F, Arlt A, Lemke J, Rimbach G, Kalthoff H, Trauzold A.(9)
10. Breast cancer
In the identification of an inverse association between the risk of breast cancer and the intake of green tea has also been reported in Asian Americans, found that Nude mice inoculated with human breast cancer MDA-MB-231 cells and treated with GTP and EGCG were effective in delaying the tumor incidence as well as reducing the tumor burden when compared to the water fed and similarly handled control. GTP and EGCG treatment was also found to induce apoptosis and inhibit proliferation when the tumor tissue sections were examined by immunohistochemistry, according to "Green tea polyphenols and its constituent epigallocatechin gallate inhibits proliferation of human breast cancer cells in vitro and in vivo" by Thangapazham RL, Singh AK, Sharma A, Warren J, Gaddipati JP, Maheshwari RK.(10)
11. Blastocysts
In the analyzing the cytotoxic effects of epicatechin gallate (ECG), a polyphenol extract from green tea, on the blastocyst stage of mouse embryos, subsequent embryonic attachment, and in vitro and in vivo outgrowth implantation after embryo transfer, found that Blastocysts treated with 50 microM ECG exhibited a significant increase in apoptosis and a corresponding decrease in total cell number. Importantly, the implantation success rate of blastocysts pretreated with 50 microM ECG was lower than that of controls, and in vitro treatment, with 50 microM ECG was associated with increased resorption of post-implantation embryos and decreased fetal weight, according to "Epicatechin gallate decreases the viability and subsequent embryonic development of mouse blastocysts" by Tu HC, Chen CP, Chan WH.(11)
12. Prostate cancer
In the examination of the HGF/c-Met pathway, an important regulator of signaling pathways responsible for invasion and metastasis of most human cancers found that EGCG could act both by preventing activation of c-Met by HGF and by attenuating the activity of pathways already induced by HGF. HGF did not activate the MAPK and PI3-K pathways in cells treated with methyl-beta-cyclodextrin (mCD) to remove cholesterol. Furthermore, subcellular fractionation approaches demonstrated that only phosphorylated c-Met accumulated in Triton X-100 membrane insoluble fractions, supporting a role for lipid rafts in regulating c-Met signaling. Finally, EGCG treatment inhibited DiIC16 incorporation into membrane lipid ordered domains, and cholesterol partially inhibited the EGCG effects on signaling, according to "The polyphenol epigallocatechin-3-gallate affects lipid rafts to block activation of the c-Met receptor in prostate cancer cells" by Duhon D, Bigelow RL, Coleman DT, Steffan JJ, Yu C, Langston W, Kevil CG, Cardelli JA.(12)
13. Periodontal disease
in the investigation of IL-6 is well recognized to be a potent bone resorptive agent and thus in the development of periodontal disease, found that EGCG, ECG, and TFDG prevented TNFSF14-mediated IL-6 production in HGFs. EGCG, ECG, and TFDG prevented TNFSF14-induced extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK), c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK), and nuclear factor-kappaB activation in HGFs. Inhibitors of ERK, JNK, and nuclear factor-kappaB decreased TNFSF14-induced IL-6 production. In addition, EGCG, ECG, and TFDG attenuated TNFSF14 receptor expression on HGFs, according to "Tea polyphenols inhibit IL-6 production in tumor necrosis factor superfamily 14-stimulated human gingival fibroblasts" by Hosokawa Y, Hosokawa I, Ozaki K, Nakanishi T, Nakae H, Matsuo T.(13)
14. Glucose tolerance
In the investigation of the benefit of green tea extract (GTE) consumption in effecting prolonged postprandial hyperglycemia, a detrimental factor for type 2 diabetes and obesity, found that the gallated catechin when it is in the circulation elevates blood glucose level by blocking normal glucose uptake into the tissues, resulting in secondary hyperinsulinemia, whereas it decreases glucose entry into the circulation when they are inside the intestinal lumen. These findings encourage the development of non-absorbable derivatives of gallate catechins for preventative treatment of type 2 diabetes and obesity, which would specifically induce only the positive luminal effect, according to "Ambivalent role of gallate catechins in glucose tolerance in humans: a novel insight into non-absorbable gallate catechin-derived inhibitors of glucose absorption" by Park JH, Jin JY, Baek WK, Park SH, Sung HY, Kim YK, Lee J, Song DK.(13)
Natural Medicine for Fatty Liver And Obesity Reversal - The Revolutionary Findings To Achieve Optimal Health And Loose Weight
Ovarian Cysts And PCOS Elimination
Holistic System In Existence That Will Show You How To
Permanently Eliminate All Types of Ovarian Cysts Within 2 Months
Back to Kyle J. Norton's Home page http://kylejnorton.blogspot.ca
Author Biography
Kyle J. Norton(Scholar, Master of Nutrition), all right reserved.
Health article writer and researcher; Over 10.000 articles and research papers have been written and published online, including worldwide health, ezine articles, article base, healthblogs, self-growth, best before it's news, the karate GB Daily, etc.,.
Named TOP 50 MEDICAL ESSAYS FOR ARTISTS & AUTHORS TO READ by Disilgold.com Named 50 of the best health Tweeters Canada - Huffington Post
Nominated for shorty award over last 4 years
Some articles have been used as references in medical research, such as the international journal Pharma and Bio Science, ISSN 0975-6299.
Sources
(1) http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20432242
(2) http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22191431
(3) http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20828315
(4) http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21945981
(5) http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16413414
(6) http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21046126
(7) http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21837753
(8) http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21705301
(9) http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21241417
(10) http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16519995
(11) http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20708524
(12) http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20623641
(13) http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20461739
(14) http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20065503
Green tea contains more amount of antioxidants than any drink or food with the same volume and is the leaves of Camellia sinensis, undergo minimal oxidation during processing, and originated from China. Green tea has been a precious drink in traditional Chinese culture and used exceptionally in socialization for more than 4000 thousand years. Because of their health benefits, they have been cultivated for commercial purposes all over the world.
Epicatechin, containing catechins, is phytochemical of Flavan-3-ols, in the group of Flavonoids (polyphenols), found abundantly in kola nut, tea, and grapes,...
1. Testosterone
The study of the effects of catechins on testosterone secretion in rat testicular Leydig cells (LCs) both in vivo and in vitro, found that Catechins increased plasma testosterone in vivo in male rats. In vitro, low-dose concentration of catechins increased gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH)-stimulated luteinizing hormone (LH) release by anterior pituitary gland and hCG-stimulated testosterone release by LCs of male rats, according to "Effects of catechin, epicatechin and epigallocatechin gallate on testosterone production in rat Leydig cells" by Yu PL, Pu HF, Chen SY, Wang SW, Wang PS(1)
2. Insulin Resistance
In the study of increased plasma levels of free fatty acids (FFAs) are associated with profound insulin resistance in skeletal muscle and may also play a critical role in the insulin resistance of obesity and type 2 diabetes mellitus, found that epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG) and curcumin treatment reduce insulin receptor substrate-1 (IRS-1) Ser307 phosphorylation, and curcumin is more potent to increase Akt phosphorylation in TPA induction. Moreover, we found that after 5 h of palmitate incubation, epicatechin gallate (ECG) can suppress IRS-1 Ser307 phosphorylation and significantly promote Akt, ERK1/2, p38 MAPK, and AMP-activated protein kinase activation. With a longer incubation with palmitate, IRS-1 exhibited a dramatic depletion, and treatment with EGCG, ECG, and curcumin could reverse IRS-1 expression, Akt phosphorylation, and MAPK signaling cascade activation and improve glucose uptake in C2C12 skeletal muscle cells, according to "Suppression of Free Fatty Acid-Induced Insulin Resistance by Phytopolyphenols in C2C12 Mouse Skeletal Muscle Cells" by Deng YT, Chang TW, Lee MS, Lin JK.(2)
3. Genoprotective effects
In the determination of what effects could trigger the effects of epicatechin gallate (ECG) in C6 cells, found that ECG is a dose-dependent genoprotective compound in C6 astroglial cells. This indicates that small doses of polyphenols included in our diet could have beneficial effects on neural cells, contributing to the prevention of oxidative stress-associated brain pathologies. In addition, our data highlight the importance of strictly modulating doses and/or consumption of antioxidant-fortified foods or additional supplements containing such beneficial molecules, according to "Genoprotective effects of the green tea-derived polyphenol/epicatechin gallate in C6 astroglial cells' by Abib RT, Quincozes-Santos A, Zanotto C, Zeidán-Chuliá F, Lunardi PS, Gonçalves CA, Gottfried C.(3)
4. Colon cancer
In the identification of the anticarcinogenic effects of the flavanols epicatechin (EC), epicatechin-gallate (ECG), and procyanidin B2 (PB2) on Caco-2 and SW480 colon cancer cells, found that the different cytotoxicity of flavanols is caused by their different activity and the degree of differentiation of the colon cancer cell line. Thus, ECG induced apoptosis in SW480 cells and contributed to the cytotoxic effect, whereas ECG enhanced the antioxidant potential in Caco-2 cells. PB2 activated cell proliferation and survival/proliferation pathways in SW480 cells, accoridng to "Dietary flavanols exert different effects on antioxidant defenses and apoptosis/proliferation in Caco-2 and SW480 colon cancer cells" by
Ramos S, Rodríguez-Ramiro I, Martín MA, Goya L, Bravo L.(4)
5. Anti-cancer
In the demonstration of the ability of monomeric and dimeric flavanols in scavenging reactive nitrogen species derived from nitrous acid, found that epicatechin was transferred across the jejunum of the small intestine yielding metabolites, its nitroso form was not absorbed. Dimer B2 but not epicatechin monomer inhibited the proliferation of and triggered apoptosis in, Caco-2 cells. The latter was accompanied by caspase-3 activation and reductions in Akt phosphorylation, suggesting activation of apoptosis via inhibition of prosurvival signaling, according to "The reaction of flavanols with nitrous acid protects against N-nitrosamine formation and leads to the formation of nitroso derivatives which inhibit cancer cell growth" by Lee SY, Munerol B, Pollard S, Youdim KA, Pannala AS, Kuhnle GG, Debnam ES, Rice-Evans C, Spencer JP.(5)
6. Antioxidants
In the evaluation of evaluate the antioxidant response of colon-derived Caco2 cells to dietary flavanols, found that Flavanols ( epicatechin (EC), epicatechin-3-gallate (ECG), epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG) and procyanidin B2 (PB2)) protect Caco2 cells against induced oxidative stress and subsequent cellular death by reducing ROS production and preventing caspase-3 activation. In particular, PB2 increases the activity of antioxidant/detoxification enzymes and thus protects Caco2 cells by directly counteracting free radicals and also by activating the antioxidant defence system, according to "Comparative effects of dietary flavanols on antioxidant defences and their response to oxidant-induced stress on Caco2 cells" by Rodríguez-Ramiro I, Martín MA, Ramos S, Bravo L, Goya L.(6)
7. Hepatitis C virus
In the investigation of the polyphenol, epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG) and and its derivatives, epigallocatechin (EGC), epicatechin gallate (ECG), and epicatechin (EC), as an inhibitor of HCV entry, found that treatment with EGCG directly during inoculation strongly inhibited HCV infectivity. Expression levels of all known HCV (co-)receptors were unaltered by EGCG. Finally, we showed that EGCG inhibits viral attachment to the cell, thus disrupting the initial step of HCV cell entry and concluded that the green tea molecule, EGCG, potently inhibits HCV entry and could be part of an antiviral strategy aimed at the prevention of HCV reinfection after liver transplantation, according to "The green tea polyphenol, epigallocatechin-3-gallate, inhibits hepatitis C virus entry" by Ciesek S, von Hahn T, Colpitts CC, Schang LM, Friesland M, Steinmann J, Manns MP, Ott M, Wedemeyer H, Meuleman P, Pietschmann T, Steinmann E.(7)
8. Genotoxic effects
In the evaluation of the potential cytotoxic and prooxidative effects of green tea extract and its two main flavonoid constituents epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG) and epicatechin gallate (ECG) on human laryngeal carcinoma cell line (HEp2), found that the cytotoxicity of EGCG and ECG increased with the time of incubation. Green tea extract induced lipid peroxidation in the CK2 cell line. The pro-oxidant effect of green tea was determined at concentrations higher than those found in traditionally prepared green tea infusions, according to "Genotoxic effects of green tea extract on human laryngeal carcinoma cells in vitro" by Durgo K, Kostić S, Gradiški K, Komes D, Osmak M, Franekić J.(8)
9. Anti-inflammatory properties
In the comparison of anti-tumoral properties of EGCG on human pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) cells PancTu-I, Panc1, Panc89 and BxPC3 and the effects of two minor components of green tea catechins, catechin gallate (CG) and epicatechin gallate (ECG), found that all three catechins inhibited proliferation of PDAC cells in a dose- and time-dependent manner. Interestingly, CG and ECG exerted much stronger anti-proliferative effects than EGCG. Western blot analyses performed with PancTu-I cells revealed catechin-mediated modulation of cell cycle regulatory proteins (cyclins, cyclin-dependent kinases [CDK], CDK inhibitors). Again, these effects were clearly more pronounced in CG or ECG than in EGCG-treated cells, according to "Epicatechin gallateand catechin gallate are superior to epigallocatechin gallate in growth suppression and anti-inflammatory activities in pancreatic tumor cells" by Kürbitz C, Heise D, Redmer T, Goumas F, Arlt A, Lemke J, Rimbach G, Kalthoff H, Trauzold A.(9)
10. Breast cancer
In the identification of an inverse association between the risk of breast cancer and the intake of green tea has also been reported in Asian Americans, found that Nude mice inoculated with human breast cancer MDA-MB-231 cells and treated with GTP and EGCG were effective in delaying the tumor incidence as well as reducing the tumor burden when compared to the water fed and similarly handled control. GTP and EGCG treatment was also found to induce apoptosis and inhibit proliferation when the tumor tissue sections were examined by immunohistochemistry, according to "Green tea polyphenols and its constituent epigallocatechin gallate inhibits proliferation of human breast cancer cells in vitro and in vivo" by Thangapazham RL, Singh AK, Sharma A, Warren J, Gaddipati JP, Maheshwari RK.(10)
11. Blastocysts
In the analyzing the cytotoxic effects of epicatechin gallate (ECG), a polyphenol extract from green tea, on the blastocyst stage of mouse embryos, subsequent embryonic attachment, and in vitro and in vivo outgrowth implantation after embryo transfer, found that Blastocysts treated with 50 microM ECG exhibited a significant increase in apoptosis and a corresponding decrease in total cell number. Importantly, the implantation success rate of blastocysts pretreated with 50 microM ECG was lower than that of controls, and in vitro treatment, with 50 microM ECG was associated with increased resorption of post-implantation embryos and decreased fetal weight, according to "Epicatechin gallate decreases the viability and subsequent embryonic development of mouse blastocysts" by Tu HC, Chen CP, Chan WH.(11)
12. Prostate cancer
In the examination of the HGF/c-Met pathway, an important regulator of signaling pathways responsible for invasion and metastasis of most human cancers found that EGCG could act both by preventing activation of c-Met by HGF and by attenuating the activity of pathways already induced by HGF. HGF did not activate the MAPK and PI3-K pathways in cells treated with methyl-beta-cyclodextrin (mCD) to remove cholesterol. Furthermore, subcellular fractionation approaches demonstrated that only phosphorylated c-Met accumulated in Triton X-100 membrane insoluble fractions, supporting a role for lipid rafts in regulating c-Met signaling. Finally, EGCG treatment inhibited DiIC16 incorporation into membrane lipid ordered domains, and cholesterol partially inhibited the EGCG effects on signaling, according to "The polyphenol epigallocatechin-3-gallate affects lipid rafts to block activation of the c-Met receptor in prostate cancer cells" by Duhon D, Bigelow RL, Coleman DT, Steffan JJ, Yu C, Langston W, Kevil CG, Cardelli JA.(12)
13. Periodontal disease
in the investigation of IL-6 is well recognized to be a potent bone resorptive agent and thus in the development of periodontal disease, found that EGCG, ECG, and TFDG prevented TNFSF14-mediated IL-6 production in HGFs. EGCG, ECG, and TFDG prevented TNFSF14-induced extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK), c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK), and nuclear factor-kappaB activation in HGFs. Inhibitors of ERK, JNK, and nuclear factor-kappaB decreased TNFSF14-induced IL-6 production. In addition, EGCG, ECG, and TFDG attenuated TNFSF14 receptor expression on HGFs, according to "Tea polyphenols inhibit IL-6 production in tumor necrosis factor superfamily 14-stimulated human gingival fibroblasts" by Hosokawa Y, Hosokawa I, Ozaki K, Nakanishi T, Nakae H, Matsuo T.(13)
14. Glucose tolerance
In the investigation of the benefit of green tea extract (GTE) consumption in effecting prolonged postprandial hyperglycemia, a detrimental factor for type 2 diabetes and obesity, found that the gallated catechin when it is in the circulation elevates blood glucose level by blocking normal glucose uptake into the tissues, resulting in secondary hyperinsulinemia, whereas it decreases glucose entry into the circulation when they are inside the intestinal lumen. These findings encourage the development of non-absorbable derivatives of gallate catechins for preventative treatment of type 2 diabetes and obesity, which would specifically induce only the positive luminal effect, according to "Ambivalent role of gallate catechins in glucose tolerance in humans: a novel insight into non-absorbable gallate catechin-derived inhibitors of glucose absorption" by Park JH, Jin JY, Baek WK, Park SH, Sung HY, Kim YK, Lee J, Song DK.(13)
Natural Medicine for Fatty Liver And Obesity Reversal - The Revolutionary Findings To Achieve Optimal Health And Loose Weight
Ovarian Cysts And PCOS Elimination
Holistic System In Existence That Will Show You How To
Permanently Eliminate All Types of Ovarian Cysts Within 2 Months
Back to Kyle J. Norton's Home page http://kylejnorton.blogspot.ca
Author Biography
Kyle J. Norton(Scholar, Master of Nutrition), all right reserved.
Health article writer and researcher; Over 10.000 articles and research papers have been written and published online, including worldwide health, ezine articles, article base, healthblogs, self-growth, best before it's news, the karate GB Daily, etc.,.
Named TOP 50 MEDICAL ESSAYS FOR ARTISTS & AUTHORS TO READ by Disilgold.com Named 50 of the best health Tweeters Canada - Huffington Post
Nominated for shorty award over last 4 years
Some articles have been used as references in medical research, such as the international journal Pharma and Bio Science, ISSN 0975-6299.
Sources
(1) http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20432242
(2) http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22191431
(3) http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20828315
(4) http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21945981
(5) http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16413414
(6) http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21046126
(7) http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21837753
(8) http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21705301
(9) http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21241417
(10) http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16519995
(11) http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20708524
(12) http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20623641
(13) http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20461739
(14) http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20065503
The Anti-#BenignProstaticHyperplasia(#BPH) Vegetables, According to Studies
Kyle J. Norton
Benign prostatic hyperplasia(BPH) is a condition, characterized by an increase in the number of cells of the prostate gland, causing partial, or sometimes virtually complete obstruction of the urinary tract.
According to statistics, BPH commonly starts at the age of 30 and symptoms usually can not be realized until the age of 50. More than half of men between the ages of 60-70 experience symptoms of BPH and only 10% are required treatment.
A suggestion of BPH is associated with nutritional status and eating habits,.
According to the study, 30 male patients with clinically confirmed and treated disease of the prostatic gland, including 15 men (aged 51-75 years) with BPH and 15 men (aged 51-73 years) with PC, improper nutritional status lead to incorrect nutritional habits which fail to improve health status may be the cause of the development of some diet-dependent diseases, such as BPH and prostate cancer(a).
A proper diet with vegetables and fruit containing zinc may reduce the risk of the disease from starting(b)(c).
Epidemiological studies indicated that the intake of vegetables and fruits accompanied with a healthy lifestyle may be associated with prevented risk and treatment of enlarged prostate(d)(e)(f).
The efficacy may be due to enhancement of antioxidants effect on over production of prostate cells(g)(h).
Types of vegetables in reduced risk of BPH
1. Tomato
Tomato is a red, edible fruit, genus Solanum, belonging to the family Solanaceae, native to South America. Because of their health benefits, tomato is grown world wide for commercial purpose and often in the greenhouse.
According to the study by the Institute of Biological Chemistry and Nutrition, lycopene found in tomatoes inhibited the progression and reduced symptoms of BPH.(1)
But, intake of lycopene in the study at Universität Bonn showed no protection from the development of PCA(5), but consumption of tomato products, and lycopene ingestion might also be effective in PCA therapy(2).
Profluss®), the composition of Serenoa repens, selenium, and lycopene, displayed a significant anti-inflammatory activity in reducing the risk of BPH by reducing extension and grading of flogosis(3) and relieving the BHP symptoms(4).
2. Onion
The onion is a plant in the genus Allium, belongings to the family Alliaceae, a close relation of garlic.
the onion is often called the "king of vegetables" because of its pungent taste and found in a large number of recipes and preparations spanning almost the totality of the world's cultures.
Depending on the variety, an onion can be sharp, spicy, tangy, pungent, mild, or sweet.
Suggestions of rich sources of flavonoids may be effective in treating benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH)(6).
According to the Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri, intake of onion showed an inverse association with BPH(7).
3. Whole grain
Wholegrain is cereal grains containing cereal germ, endosperm, and bran.
The study by Beijing Medical University, conducted in 1993-1995 in Beijing of BPH in 413 rural and 419 urban males over 40 years of age, showed an increased BPH incidence with a daily intake of total calories, fat, and animal protein, and decreased daily intake of vegetables and whole grain, the sources of phytoestrogens(8).
The study of the University of Illinois in Chicago indicated an inverse association with dietary intake of plant foods, including whole grain cereals(9).
Other researchers suggested that BPH is associated with elevations in plasma estradiol/testosterone ratio, insulin, and insulin-like growth factor-I and daily aerobic exercise can reduce all of these plasma factors, particularly when combined with a low-fat, high-fiber diet consisting of whole grains, fruits, and vegetables(10).
4. Organic soybean
Soybean is the genus Glycine, the family Fabaceae.
One of the legumes contains twice as much protein per acre as any other major vegetable or grain crop, native to Southeast Asia.
Now, it is grown worldwide with a suitable climate for commercial profit and healthy foods.
In a rat model of benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH), the Application of Anthocyanin, a major chemical constituent in the pigment and potent antioxidant of black soy bean, showed to inhibit the volume and suppress the proliferation of the prostate(11) and
The study by Central South University, also indicated that soybean isoflavone inhibits prostate hyperplasia through increased expressions of nitric oxide and nitric oxide synthase in rats(12).
Moreover, the soybean Isoflavone was also found to reduce the risk of prostate hyperplasia through increased acid phosphatase and PAP in a dose-dependent manner in rats, according to the Central South University, in Shanghai(13).
5. Cruciferous vegetables
Cruciferous vegetables are a group of vegetables belonging to the family Brassicaceae, including cauliflower, cabbage, cress, bok choy, broccoli, etc.
Sulforaphane (SFN) an isothiocyanate derived from cruciferous vegetables in the study of its effect in normal (PrEC), benign hyperplasia (BPH1), and cancerous (LnCap and PC3) prostate epithelial cells induced cell cycle arrest and apoptosis in BPH1, through its activities in effects on cell proliferation, HDAC activity and downstream targets in normal and cancer cells(14).
Ethyl isothiocyanate (PEITC), found in cruciferous vegetables, in the testing on androgen-influenced growth of the prostate such as benign hyperplasia, showed to regulate the hormone-dependent growth of the prostate, through negated the testosterone-mediated enhancement of the androgen receptor (AR), via down-regulating transcription factor Sp1 expression and Sp1 binding complex formation(15).
6. Squash
Squash is the genus Cucurbita, belongings to the family Cucurbitaceae, and native to Mexico and Central America.
In North America, squash is divided into summer squash or winter squash, depending on the maturity of the squash when harvested, immature fruit is called summer squash, and mature fruit is called winter squash.
ProstateEZE Max, a herbal formula containing Cucurbita pepo, Epilobium parviflorum, lycopene, Pygeum africanum and Serenoa repens in the study of benign prostate hypertrophy (BPH) demonstrated a positive effect in the improvement of physical symptoms of BPH after 3 months of intake(16).
However, the Minneapolis VA Center for Chronic Diseases Outcomes Research in the reviews of 6 phytotherapeutic agents (Serenoa repens, Hypoxis rooperi, Secale cereale, Pygeum africanum, Urtica dioica, Curcubita pepo)from 44 studies, showed no convincing evidence supporting the use of Curcubita pepo alone for treatment of BPH(17).
7. Spinach
Spinach is an edible flowering plant in the genus Spinacia, belongings to the family of Amaranthaceae and native to central and southwestern Asia.
The green leaves vegetable is considered as a healthy plant containing vary vitamins and minerals.
The study of the effect of 3 anti-oxidants [a water-soluble natural anti-oxidant. NAO (200 mg/kg). found in spinach leaves; epigallocatechin-3 gallate, EGCG (200 mg/kg), a major green tea polyphenol; and N-acetylcysteine, NAC (125 mg/kg)] in TRAMP and wild-type male mice also indicated an improved NAO in reduced hyperplasia at weeks 9 and 13(18).
In a case-control study of prostatic cancer which consisted of 100 patients with prostatic cancer, matched for hospital, age (+/- 3 yr), and hospital admission date (+/- 3 months) to patients with benign prostatic hyperplasia(BPH) and hospital controls, conducted by the Kyoto University, researcher found that frequent intake of spinach (RR = 1.96: 1.01-7.73), a typical green and yellow vegetable, was associated to reduced risk BPH and prostate cancer(19).
8. Mushrooms
Mushroom, a standard name for white button mushroom is the fleshy, spore-bearing fruiting body of a fungus produced above ground on soil or on its food source, belonging to the genus A. Muscaria in the family Amanitaceae.
The examination of methanol extracts of 19 edible and medicinal mushrooms on 5alpha-reductase activity indicated an inhibited effect of the testosterone-induced growth of the ventral prostate in castrated rats(20).
But the study conducted by Gunma University Graduate School of Medicine, Maebashi suggested oral administration of extract of mushroom Phellinus linteus induced prostate enlargement(21).
Therefore using mushrooms in treating BPH should be taken with care only with the approval of a specialist.
Natural Medicine for Fatty Liver And Obesity Reversal - The Revolutionary Findings To Achieve Optimal Health And Loose Weight
How To Get Rid Of Eye Floaters
Contrary To Professional Prediction, Floaters Can Be Cured Naturally
Ovarian Cysts And PCOS Elimination
Holistic System In Existence That Will Show You How To
Permanently Eliminate All Types of Ovarian Cysts Within 2 Months
Back to Kyle J. Norton's Home page http://kylejnorton.blogspot.ca
Author Biography
Kyle J. Norton (Scholar, All right reserved)
Health article writer and researcher; Over 10.000 articles and research papers have been written and published on line, including world wide health, ezine articles, article base, healthblogs, selfgrowth, best before it's news, the Karate GB Daily, etc.,.
Named TOP 50 MEDICAL ESSAYS FOR ARTISTS & AUTHORS TO READ by Disilgold.com Named 50 of the best health Tweeters Canada - Huffington Post
Nominated for shorty award over last 4 years
Some articles have been used as references in medical research, such as the international journal Pharma and Bio science, ISSN 0975-6299.
References
(a) Nutritional status and nutritional habits of men with benign prostatic hyperplasia or prostate cancer - a preliminary investigation by Goluch-Koniuszy Z, Rygielska M, Nowacka I.(PubMed)
(b) Diet and benign prostatic hyperplasia: a study in Greece by Lagiou P1, Wuu J, Trichopoulou A, Hsieh CC, Adami HO, Trichopoulos D.(PubMed)
(c) Associations of obesity, physical activity, and diet with benign prostatic hyperplasia and lower urinary tract symptoms by Raheem OA1, Parsons JK. (PubMed)
(d) Nutrition and benign prostatic hyperplasia by Espinosa G.(PubMed)
(e) Dietary patterns and prostatic diseases by Sebastiano C1, Vincenzo F, Tommaso C, Giuseppe S, Marco R, Ivana C, Giorgio R, Massimo M, Giuseppe M.(PubMed)
(f) Fruit and vegetable consumption, intake of micronutrients, and benign prostatic hyperplasia in US men by Rohrmann S1, Giovannucci E, Willett WC, Platz EA. (PubMed)
(g) Evaluation of oxidative stress and DNA damage in benign prostatic hyperplasia patients and comparison with controls by Ahmad M1, Suhail N, Mansoor T, Banu N, Ahmad S(PubMed).
(h) Oxidative stress and antioxidant status in non-metastatic prostate cancer and benign prostatic hyperplasia by Aydin A1, Arsova-Sarafinovska Z, Sayal A, Eken A, Erdem O, Erten K, Ozgök Y, Dimovski A.(PubMed)
(1) Lycopene inhibits disease progression in patients with benign prostate hyperplasia by Schwarz S1, Obermüller-Jevic UC, Hellmis E, Koch W, Jacobi G, Biesalski HK(PubMed).
(2) [Tomatoes and lycopene in prevention and therapy--is there evidence for prostate diseases?].
[Article in German] by Ellinger S1, Ellinger J, Müller SC, Stehle P.(PubMed)(3) Effects of Serenoa repens, selenium and lycopene (Profluss®) on chronic inflammation associated with benign prostatic hyperplasia: results of "FLOG" (Flogosis and Profluss in Prostatic and Genital Disease), a multicentre Italian study by Morgia G1, Cimino S, Favilla V, Russo GI, Squadrito F, Mucciardi G, Masieri L, Minutoli L, Grosso G, Castelli T.(PubMed)
(4) Treatment of chronic prostatitis/chronic pelvic pain syndrome category IIIA with Serenoa repens plus selenium and lycopene (Profluss) versus S. repens alone: an Italian randomized multicenter-controlled study by Morgia G1, Mucciardi G, Galì A, Madonia M, Marchese F, Di Benedetto A, Romano G, Bonvissuto G, Castelli T, Macchione L, Magno C.(PubMed)
(5) Lycopene for the prevention and treatment of benign prostatic hyperplasia and prostate cancer: a systematic review by Ilic D1, Misso M(PubMed).
(8) Changes in the prevalence of benign prostatic hyperplasia in China by Gu F.(PubMed)
(9) Correlations of dietary patterns with prostate health by Stacewicz-Sapuntzakis M1, Borthakur G, Burns JL, Bowen PE.(PubMed)
(10) Benign prostatic hyperplasia: does lifestyle play a role by Barnard RJ1, Aronson WJ.(PubMed)
(11) Anthocyanin extracted from black soybean reduces prostate weight and promotes apoptosis in the prostatic hyperplasia-induced rat model by Jang H1, Ha US, Kim SJ, Yoon BI, Han DS, Yuk SM, Kim SW.(PubMed)
(12) [Effects of soy bean isoflavone on inhibition of benign prostatic hyperplasia and the expressions of NO and NOS of rats].[Article in Chinese] by Yang A1, Ren G, Tang L, Jiang W.(PubMed)
(13) [Inhibitive effect of soybean isoflavone on prostate hyperplasia in rats].[Article in Chinese] by Ren GF1, Huang YM.(PubMed)
(14) Differential effects of sulforaphane on histone deacetylases, cell cycle arrest, and apoptosis in normal prostate cells versus hyperplastic and cancerous prostate cells by Clarke JD1, Hsu A, Yu Z, Dashwood RH, Ho E.(PubMed)
(15) Modulating testosterone stimulated prostate growth by phenethyl isothiocyanate via Sp1 and androgen receptor down-regulation by Beklemisheva AA1, Feng J, Yeh YA, Wang LG, Chiao JW.(PubMed)
(16) A phase II randomized double-blind placebo-controlled clinical trial investigating the efficacy and safety of ProstateEZE Max: a herbal medicine preparation for the management of symptoms of benign prostatichypertrophy by Coulson S1, Rao A, Beck SL, Steels E, Gramotnev H, Vitetta L.(PubMed)
(17) Phytotherapy for benign prostatic hyperplasia by Wilt TJ1, Ishani A, Rutks I, MacDonald R.(PubMed)
(18) Slowing tumorigenic progression in TRAMP mice and prostaticcarcinoma cell lines using natural anti-oxidant from spinach, NAO--a comparative study of three anti-oxidants by Nyska A1, Suttie A, Bakshi S, Lomnitski L, Grossman S, Bergman M, Ben-Shaul V, Crocket P, Haseman JK, Moser G, Goldsworthy TL, Maronpot RR. (PubMed)
(19) A case-control study of prostatic cancer with reference to dietary habits by Oishi K1, Okada K, Yoshida O, Yamabe H, Ohno Y, Hayes RB, Schroeder FH.(PubMed)
(20) Anti-androgenic activities of Ganoderma lucidum by Fujita R1, Liu J, Shimizu K, Konishi F, Noda K, Kumamoto S, Ueda C, Tajiri H, Kaneko S, Suimi Y, Kondo R.(PubMed)
(21) Administration of extract of mushroom Phellinus linteus induces prostate enlargement with the increase in stromal component in an experimentally developed rat model of benign prostatic hyperplasia by Shibata Y1, Kashiwagi B, Arai S, Fukabori Y, Suzuki K.(PubMed)
(22) Effect of a standardized extract of red orange juice on the proliferation of human prostate cells in vitro by Vitali F1, Pennisi C, Tomaino A, Bonina F, De Pasquale A, Saija A, Tita B.(PubMed)
(23) Lycopene for the prevention and treatment of prostate disease by Ilic D.(PubMed)
(24) Effects of Serenoa repens, selenium and lycopene (Profluss®) on chronic inflammation associated with benign prostatic hyperplasia: results of "FLOG" (Flogosis and Profluss in Prostatic and Genital Disease), a multicentre Italian study by Morgia G1, Cimino S, Favilla V, Russo GI, Squadrito F, Mucciardi G, Masieri L, Minutoli L, Grosso G, Castelli T.(PubMed)
(25) [The association of Serenoa repens, lycopene, and selenium is superior to Serenoa repens alone in reducing benign prostatic hyperplasia].[Article in Italian] by Squadrito F1, Morgia G.(PubMed)
(26) The effectiveness of dried cranberries ( Vaccinium macrocarpon) in men with lower urinary tract symptoms by Vidlar A1, Vostalova J, Ulrichova J, Student V, Stejskal D, Reichenbach R, Vrbkova J, Ruzicka F, Simanek V.(PubMed)
(27) Risk factors for lower urinary tract symptoms suggestive of benign prostatic hyperplasia in a community-based population of healthy aging men: the Krimpen Study by Kok ET1, Schouten BW, Bohnen AM, Groeneveld FP, Thomas S, Bosch JL.(PubMed)
(28) Enteric-coated, highly standardized cranberry extract reduces the risk of UTIs and urinary symptoms during radiotherapy for prostate carcinoma by Bonetta A1, Di Pierro F.(PubMed)
(29) The medicinal action of androgens and green tea epigallocatechin gallate by Liao S.(PubMed)
(30) Structure-activity relationships for inhibition of human 5alpha-reductases by polyphenols by Hiipakka RA1, Zhang HZ, Dai W, Dai Q, Liao S.(PubMed)
(31) Dietary soy and tea mitigate chronic inflammation and prostate cancer via NFκB pathway in the Noble rat model by Hsu A1, Bruno RS, Löhr CV, Taylor AW, Dashwood RH, Bray TM, Ho E.(PubMed)
(32) The medicinal action of androgens and green tea epigallocatechin gallate by Liao S.(PubMed)
(33) Risk factors for surgery for prostatic hypertrophy by Morrison AS. (PubMed)
(34) Food groups and risk of benign prostatic hyperplasia. by Bravi F1, Bosetti C, Dal Maso L, Talamini R, Montella M, Negri E, Ramazzotti V, Franceschi S, La Vecchia C.(PubMed)
(35) Benign prostatic hyperplasia: the opposite effects of alcohol and coffee intake by Gass R.(PubMed)
(36) Chronic caffeine intake increases androgenic stimuli, epithelial cell proliferation, and hyperplasia in rat ventral prostate by Sarobo C1, Lacorte LM, Martins M, Rinaldi JC, Moroz A, Scarano WR, Delella FK, Felisbino SL. (PubMed)
(37) Inhibition of the experimental induction of benign prostatic hyperplasia: a possible role for fluted pumpkin (Telfairia occidentalis Hook f.) seeds by Ejike CE1, Ezeanyika LU. (PubMed)
(38) Effects of pumpkin seed oil and saw palmetto oil in Korean men with symptomatic benign prostatic hyperplasia by Hong H1, Kim CS, Maeng S.(PubMed)
(39) Inhibition of testosterone-induced hyperplasia of the prostate of sprague-dawley rats by pumpkin seed oil by Gossell-Williams M1, Davis A, O'Connor N.(PubMed)
(40) Beneficial effects of virgin coconut oil on lipid parameters and in vitro LDL oxidation. Nevin KG. Rajamohan T. Clinical Biochemistry. 37(9):830-5, 2004 Sep. [Comparative Study. Journal Article] UI: 15329324 Authors Full Name Nevin, K G. Rajamohan, T.
(41) Effects of coconut oil on testosterone-induced prostatic hyperplasia in Sprague-Dawley rats. by de Lourdes Arruzazabala M1, Molina V, Más R, Carbajal D, Marrero D, González V, Rodríguez E.(PubMed)
(42) 5 alpha-reductase-catalyzed conversion of testosterone to dihydrotestosterone is increased in prostatic adenocarcinoma cells: suppression by 15-lipoxygenase metabolites of gamma-linolenic and eicosapentaenoic acids by Pham H1, Ziboh VA. (PubMed)
(43) Comparison of fatty acid profiles in the serum of patients with prostate cancer and benign prostatic hyperplasia by Yang YJ1, Lee SH, Hong SJ, Chung BC. (PubMed)
(44) Prostate tissue and leukocyte levels of n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids in men with benign prostate hyperplasia or prostate cancer by Christensen JH1, Fabrin K, Borup K, Barber N, Poulsen J.(PubMed)
Benign prostatic hyperplasia(BPH) is a condition, characterized by an increase in the number of cells of the prostate gland, causing partial, or sometimes virtually complete obstruction of the urinary tract.
According to statistics, BPH commonly starts at the age of 30 and symptoms usually can not be realized until the age of 50. More than half of men between the ages of 60-70 experience symptoms of BPH and only 10% are required treatment.
A suggestion of BPH is associated with nutritional status and eating habits,.
According to the study, 30 male patients with clinically confirmed and treated disease of the prostatic gland, including 15 men (aged 51-75 years) with BPH and 15 men (aged 51-73 years) with PC, improper nutritional status lead to incorrect nutritional habits which fail to improve health status may be the cause of the development of some diet-dependent diseases, such as BPH and prostate cancer(a).
A proper diet with vegetables and fruit containing zinc may reduce the risk of the disease from starting(b)(c).
Epidemiological studies indicated that the intake of vegetables and fruits accompanied with a healthy lifestyle may be associated with prevented risk and treatment of enlarged prostate(d)(e)(f).
The efficacy may be due to enhancement of antioxidants effect on over production of prostate cells(g)(h).
Types of vegetables in reduced risk of BPH
1. Tomato
Tomato is a red, edible fruit, genus Solanum, belonging to the family Solanaceae, native to South America. Because of their health benefits, tomato is grown world wide for commercial purpose and often in the greenhouse.
According to the study by the Institute of Biological Chemistry and Nutrition, lycopene found in tomatoes inhibited the progression and reduced symptoms of BPH.(1)
But, intake of lycopene in the study at Universität Bonn showed no protection from the development of PCA(5), but consumption of tomato products, and lycopene ingestion might also be effective in PCA therapy(2).
Profluss®), the composition of Serenoa repens, selenium, and lycopene, displayed a significant anti-inflammatory activity in reducing the risk of BPH by reducing extension and grading of flogosis(3) and relieving the BHP symptoms(4).
2. Onion
The onion is a plant in the genus Allium, belongings to the family Alliaceae, a close relation of garlic.
the onion is often called the "king of vegetables" because of its pungent taste and found in a large number of recipes and preparations spanning almost the totality of the world's cultures.
Depending on the variety, an onion can be sharp, spicy, tangy, pungent, mild, or sweet.
Suggestions of rich sources of flavonoids may be effective in treating benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH)(6).
According to the Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri, intake of onion showed an inverse association with BPH(7).
3. Whole grain
Wholegrain is cereal grains containing cereal germ, endosperm, and bran.
The study by Beijing Medical University, conducted in 1993-1995 in Beijing of BPH in 413 rural and 419 urban males over 40 years of age, showed an increased BPH incidence with a daily intake of total calories, fat, and animal protein, and decreased daily intake of vegetables and whole grain, the sources of phytoestrogens(8).
The study of the University of Illinois in Chicago indicated an inverse association with dietary intake of plant foods, including whole grain cereals(9).
Other researchers suggested that BPH is associated with elevations in plasma estradiol/testosterone ratio, insulin, and insulin-like growth factor-I and daily aerobic exercise can reduce all of these plasma factors, particularly when combined with a low-fat, high-fiber diet consisting of whole grains, fruits, and vegetables(10).
4. Organic soybean
Soybean is the genus Glycine, the family Fabaceae.
One of the legumes contains twice as much protein per acre as any other major vegetable or grain crop, native to Southeast Asia.
Now, it is grown worldwide with a suitable climate for commercial profit and healthy foods.
In a rat model of benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH), the Application of Anthocyanin, a major chemical constituent in the pigment and potent antioxidant of black soy bean, showed to inhibit the volume and suppress the proliferation of the prostate(11) and
The study by Central South University, also indicated that soybean isoflavone inhibits prostate hyperplasia through increased expressions of nitric oxide and nitric oxide synthase in rats(12).
Moreover, the soybean Isoflavone was also found to reduce the risk of prostate hyperplasia through increased acid phosphatase and PAP in a dose-dependent manner in rats, according to the Central South University, in Shanghai(13).
5. Cruciferous vegetables
Cruciferous vegetables are a group of vegetables belonging to the family Brassicaceae, including cauliflower, cabbage, cress, bok choy, broccoli, etc.
Sulforaphane (SFN) an isothiocyanate derived from cruciferous vegetables in the study of its effect in normal (PrEC), benign hyperplasia (BPH1), and cancerous (LnCap and PC3) prostate epithelial cells induced cell cycle arrest and apoptosis in BPH1, through its activities in effects on cell proliferation, HDAC activity and downstream targets in normal and cancer cells(14).
Ethyl isothiocyanate (PEITC), found in cruciferous vegetables, in the testing on androgen-influenced growth of the prostate such as benign hyperplasia, showed to regulate the hormone-dependent growth of the prostate, through negated the testosterone-mediated enhancement of the androgen receptor (AR), via down-regulating transcription factor Sp1 expression and Sp1 binding complex formation(15).
6. Squash
Squash is the genus Cucurbita, belongings to the family Cucurbitaceae, and native to Mexico and Central America.
In North America, squash is divided into summer squash or winter squash, depending on the maturity of the squash when harvested, immature fruit is called summer squash, and mature fruit is called winter squash.
ProstateEZE Max, a herbal formula containing Cucurbita pepo, Epilobium parviflorum, lycopene, Pygeum africanum and Serenoa repens in the study of benign prostate hypertrophy (BPH) demonstrated a positive effect in the improvement of physical symptoms of BPH after 3 months of intake(16).
However, the Minneapolis VA Center for Chronic Diseases Outcomes Research in the reviews of 6 phytotherapeutic agents (Serenoa repens, Hypoxis rooperi, Secale cereale, Pygeum africanum, Urtica dioica, Curcubita pepo)from 44 studies, showed no convincing evidence supporting the use of Curcubita pepo alone for treatment of BPH(17).
7. Spinach
Spinach is an edible flowering plant in the genus Spinacia, belongings to the family of Amaranthaceae and native to central and southwestern Asia.
The green leaves vegetable is considered as a healthy plant containing vary vitamins and minerals.
The study of the effect of 3 anti-oxidants [a water-soluble natural anti-oxidant. NAO (200 mg/kg). found in spinach leaves; epigallocatechin-3 gallate, EGCG (200 mg/kg), a major green tea polyphenol; and N-acetylcysteine, NAC (125 mg/kg)] in TRAMP and wild-type male mice also indicated an improved NAO in reduced hyperplasia at weeks 9 and 13(18).
In a case-control study of prostatic cancer which consisted of 100 patients with prostatic cancer, matched for hospital, age (+/- 3 yr), and hospital admission date (+/- 3 months) to patients with benign prostatic hyperplasia(BPH) and hospital controls, conducted by the Kyoto University, researcher found that frequent intake of spinach (RR = 1.96: 1.01-7.73), a typical green and yellow vegetable, was associated to reduced risk BPH and prostate cancer(19).
8. Mushrooms
Mushroom, a standard name for white button mushroom is the fleshy, spore-bearing fruiting body of a fungus produced above ground on soil or on its food source, belonging to the genus A. Muscaria in the family Amanitaceae.
The examination of methanol extracts of 19 edible and medicinal mushrooms on 5alpha-reductase activity indicated an inhibited effect of the testosterone-induced growth of the ventral prostate in castrated rats(20).
But the study conducted by Gunma University Graduate School of Medicine, Maebashi suggested oral administration of extract of mushroom Phellinus linteus induced prostate enlargement(21).
Therefore using mushrooms in treating BPH should be taken with care only with the approval of a specialist.
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Author Biography
Kyle J. Norton (Scholar, All right reserved)
Health article writer and researcher; Over 10.000 articles and research papers have been written and published on line, including world wide health, ezine articles, article base, healthblogs, selfgrowth, best before it's news, the Karate GB Daily, etc.,.
Named TOP 50 MEDICAL ESSAYS FOR ARTISTS & AUTHORS TO READ by Disilgold.com Named 50 of the best health Tweeters Canada - Huffington Post
Nominated for shorty award over last 4 years
Some articles have been used as references in medical research, such as the international journal Pharma and Bio science, ISSN 0975-6299.
References
(a) Nutritional status and nutritional habits of men with benign prostatic hyperplasia or prostate cancer - a preliminary investigation by Goluch-Koniuszy Z, Rygielska M, Nowacka I.(PubMed)
(b) Diet and benign prostatic hyperplasia: a study in Greece by Lagiou P1, Wuu J, Trichopoulou A, Hsieh CC, Adami HO, Trichopoulos D.(PubMed)
(c) Associations of obesity, physical activity, and diet with benign prostatic hyperplasia and lower urinary tract symptoms by Raheem OA1, Parsons JK. (PubMed)
(d) Nutrition and benign prostatic hyperplasia by Espinosa G.(PubMed)
(e) Dietary patterns and prostatic diseases by Sebastiano C1, Vincenzo F, Tommaso C, Giuseppe S, Marco R, Ivana C, Giorgio R, Massimo M, Giuseppe M.(PubMed)
(f) Fruit and vegetable consumption, intake of micronutrients, and benign prostatic hyperplasia in US men by Rohrmann S1, Giovannucci E, Willett WC, Platz EA. (PubMed)
(g) Evaluation of oxidative stress and DNA damage in benign prostatic hyperplasia patients and comparison with controls by Ahmad M1, Suhail N, Mansoor T, Banu N, Ahmad S(PubMed).
(h) Oxidative stress and antioxidant status in non-metastatic prostate cancer and benign prostatic hyperplasia by Aydin A1, Arsova-Sarafinovska Z, Sayal A, Eken A, Erdem O, Erten K, Ozgök Y, Dimovski A.(PubMed)
(1) Lycopene inhibits disease progression in patients with benign prostate hyperplasia by Schwarz S1, Obermüller-Jevic UC, Hellmis E, Koch W, Jacobi G, Biesalski HK(PubMed).
(2) [Tomatoes and lycopene in prevention and therapy--is there evidence for prostate diseases?].
[Article in German] by Ellinger S1, Ellinger J, Müller SC, Stehle P.(PubMed)(3) Effects of Serenoa repens, selenium and lycopene (Profluss®) on chronic inflammation associated with benign prostatic hyperplasia: results of "FLOG" (Flogosis and Profluss in Prostatic and Genital Disease), a multicentre Italian study by Morgia G1, Cimino S, Favilla V, Russo GI, Squadrito F, Mucciardi G, Masieri L, Minutoli L, Grosso G, Castelli T.(PubMed)
(4) Treatment of chronic prostatitis/chronic pelvic pain syndrome category IIIA with Serenoa repens plus selenium and lycopene (Profluss) versus S. repens alone: an Italian randomized multicenter-controlled study by Morgia G1, Mucciardi G, Galì A, Madonia M, Marchese F, Di Benedetto A, Romano G, Bonvissuto G, Castelli T, Macchione L, Magno C.(PubMed)
(5) Lycopene for the prevention and treatment of benign prostatic hyperplasia and prostate cancer: a systematic review by Ilic D1, Misso M(PubMed).
(8) Changes in the prevalence of benign prostatic hyperplasia in China by Gu F.(PubMed)
(9) Correlations of dietary patterns with prostate health by Stacewicz-Sapuntzakis M1, Borthakur G, Burns JL, Bowen PE.(PubMed)
(10) Benign prostatic hyperplasia: does lifestyle play a role by Barnard RJ1, Aronson WJ.(PubMed)
(11) Anthocyanin extracted from black soybean reduces prostate weight and promotes apoptosis in the prostatic hyperplasia-induced rat model by Jang H1, Ha US, Kim SJ, Yoon BI, Han DS, Yuk SM, Kim SW.(PubMed)
(12) [Effects of soy bean isoflavone on inhibition of benign prostatic hyperplasia and the expressions of NO and NOS of rats].[Article in Chinese] by Yang A1, Ren G, Tang L, Jiang W.(PubMed)
(13) [Inhibitive effect of soybean isoflavone on prostate hyperplasia in rats].[Article in Chinese] by Ren GF1, Huang YM.(PubMed)
(14) Differential effects of sulforaphane on histone deacetylases, cell cycle arrest, and apoptosis in normal prostate cells versus hyperplastic and cancerous prostate cells by Clarke JD1, Hsu A, Yu Z, Dashwood RH, Ho E.(PubMed)
(15) Modulating testosterone stimulated prostate growth by phenethyl isothiocyanate via Sp1 and androgen receptor down-regulation by Beklemisheva AA1, Feng J, Yeh YA, Wang LG, Chiao JW.(PubMed)
(16) A phase II randomized double-blind placebo-controlled clinical trial investigating the efficacy and safety of ProstateEZE Max: a herbal medicine preparation for the management of symptoms of benign prostatichypertrophy by Coulson S1, Rao A, Beck SL, Steels E, Gramotnev H, Vitetta L.(PubMed)
(17) Phytotherapy for benign prostatic hyperplasia by Wilt TJ1, Ishani A, Rutks I, MacDonald R.(PubMed)
(18) Slowing tumorigenic progression in TRAMP mice and prostaticcarcinoma cell lines using natural anti-oxidant from spinach, NAO--a comparative study of three anti-oxidants by Nyska A1, Suttie A, Bakshi S, Lomnitski L, Grossman S, Bergman M, Ben-Shaul V, Crocket P, Haseman JK, Moser G, Goldsworthy TL, Maronpot RR. (PubMed)
(19) A case-control study of prostatic cancer with reference to dietary habits by Oishi K1, Okada K, Yoshida O, Yamabe H, Ohno Y, Hayes RB, Schroeder FH.(PubMed)
(20) Anti-androgenic activities of Ganoderma lucidum by Fujita R1, Liu J, Shimizu K, Konishi F, Noda K, Kumamoto S, Ueda C, Tajiri H, Kaneko S, Suimi Y, Kondo R.(PubMed)
(21) Administration of extract of mushroom Phellinus linteus induces prostate enlargement with the increase in stromal component in an experimentally developed rat model of benign prostatic hyperplasia by Shibata Y1, Kashiwagi B, Arai S, Fukabori Y, Suzuki K.(PubMed)
(22) Effect of a standardized extract of red orange juice on the proliferation of human prostate cells in vitro by Vitali F1, Pennisi C, Tomaino A, Bonina F, De Pasquale A, Saija A, Tita B.(PubMed)
(23) Lycopene for the prevention and treatment of prostate disease by Ilic D.(PubMed)
(24) Effects of Serenoa repens, selenium and lycopene (Profluss®) on chronic inflammation associated with benign prostatic hyperplasia: results of "FLOG" (Flogosis and Profluss in Prostatic and Genital Disease), a multicentre Italian study by Morgia G1, Cimino S, Favilla V, Russo GI, Squadrito F, Mucciardi G, Masieri L, Minutoli L, Grosso G, Castelli T.(PubMed)
(25) [The association of Serenoa repens, lycopene, and selenium is superior to Serenoa repens alone in reducing benign prostatic hyperplasia].[Article in Italian] by Squadrito F1, Morgia G.(PubMed)
(26) The effectiveness of dried cranberries ( Vaccinium macrocarpon) in men with lower urinary tract symptoms by Vidlar A1, Vostalova J, Ulrichova J, Student V, Stejskal D, Reichenbach R, Vrbkova J, Ruzicka F, Simanek V.(PubMed)
(27) Risk factors for lower urinary tract symptoms suggestive of benign prostatic hyperplasia in a community-based population of healthy aging men: the Krimpen Study by Kok ET1, Schouten BW, Bohnen AM, Groeneveld FP, Thomas S, Bosch JL.(PubMed)
(28) Enteric-coated, highly standardized cranberry extract reduces the risk of UTIs and urinary symptoms during radiotherapy for prostate carcinoma by Bonetta A1, Di Pierro F.(PubMed)
(29) The medicinal action of androgens and green tea epigallocatechin gallate by Liao S.(PubMed)
(30) Structure-activity relationships for inhibition of human 5alpha-reductases by polyphenols by Hiipakka RA1, Zhang HZ, Dai W, Dai Q, Liao S.(PubMed)
(31) Dietary soy and tea mitigate chronic inflammation and prostate cancer via NFκB pathway in the Noble rat model by Hsu A1, Bruno RS, Löhr CV, Taylor AW, Dashwood RH, Bray TM, Ho E.(PubMed)
(32) The medicinal action of androgens and green tea epigallocatechin gallate by Liao S.(PubMed)
(33) Risk factors for surgery for prostatic hypertrophy by Morrison AS. (PubMed)
(34) Food groups and risk of benign prostatic hyperplasia. by Bravi F1, Bosetti C, Dal Maso L, Talamini R, Montella M, Negri E, Ramazzotti V, Franceschi S, La Vecchia C.(PubMed)
(35) Benign prostatic hyperplasia: the opposite effects of alcohol and coffee intake by Gass R.(PubMed)
(36) Chronic caffeine intake increases androgenic stimuli, epithelial cell proliferation, and hyperplasia in rat ventral prostate by Sarobo C1, Lacorte LM, Martins M, Rinaldi JC, Moroz A, Scarano WR, Delella FK, Felisbino SL. (PubMed)
(37) Inhibition of the experimental induction of benign prostatic hyperplasia: a possible role for fluted pumpkin (Telfairia occidentalis Hook f.) seeds by Ejike CE1, Ezeanyika LU. (PubMed)
(38) Effects of pumpkin seed oil and saw palmetto oil in Korean men with symptomatic benign prostatic hyperplasia by Hong H1, Kim CS, Maeng S.(PubMed)
(39) Inhibition of testosterone-induced hyperplasia of the prostate of sprague-dawley rats by pumpkin seed oil by Gossell-Williams M1, Davis A, O'Connor N.(PubMed)
(40) Beneficial effects of virgin coconut oil on lipid parameters and in vitro LDL oxidation. Nevin KG. Rajamohan T. Clinical Biochemistry. 37(9):830-5, 2004 Sep. [Comparative Study. Journal Article] UI: 15329324 Authors Full Name Nevin, K G. Rajamohan, T.
(41) Effects of coconut oil on testosterone-induced prostatic hyperplasia in Sprague-Dawley rats. by de Lourdes Arruzazabala M1, Molina V, Más R, Carbajal D, Marrero D, González V, Rodríguez E.(PubMed)
(42) 5 alpha-reductase-catalyzed conversion of testosterone to dihydrotestosterone is increased in prostatic adenocarcinoma cells: suppression by 15-lipoxygenase metabolites of gamma-linolenic and eicosapentaenoic acids by Pham H1, Ziboh VA. (PubMed)
(43) Comparison of fatty acid profiles in the serum of patients with prostate cancer and benign prostatic hyperplasia by Yang YJ1, Lee SH, Hong SJ, Chung BC. (PubMed)
(44) Prostate tissue and leukocyte levels of n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids in men with benign prostate hyperplasia or prostate cancer by Christensen JH1, Fabrin K, Borup K, Barber N, Poulsen J.(PubMed)
Herbal Remedies Detox Our Body Against Diseases Associated with Oxidativestress, According to Studies
Kyle J. Norton
The Western diet or standard American diet (SAD) is a modern dietary pattern characterized by high-carb foods low in nutrients, manufactured trans fats in the form of hydrogenated or partially hydrogenated oils, unrefined sugar, molasses, cane syrup and maple syrup,.... and refined flour.
In the long term, all these foods can overwhelm the body's organs, causing toxins accumulation that can lead to varying types of chronic illness.
Sadly but truthfully, the health line in the article "The Effects of Fast Food on the Body" wrote, "Millennials alone spend 45 percent of their budget’s food dollars on eating out'. and "In comparison to 40 years ago, the average American family now spends half their food budget on restaurant food. In 1977, just under 38 percent of family food budgets were spent eating outside the home".
Continuously, the author suggested that these types of fast foods only cause digestive and cardiovascular, respiratory, central nervous system, reproductive, integumentary, and skeletal disorders but also induce strongly negative effects on society, including more than one-third of children ages 6 to 19 are also considered overweight or obese and financial burden to the health care system.
Dr. Donjete Statovci, at the University College Cork, in the study of "The Impact of Western Diet and Nutrients on the Microbiota and Immune Response at Mucosal Interfaces" said, "Recent reports indicate that the gut microbiota and modifications thereof, due to a consumption of a diet high in saturated fats and low in fibers, can trigger factors regulating the development and/or progression of both conditions"(2).
Herbal Remedies That Detox and Nourish Our Bodies include
1. Garlic
Garlic is a widely used medication in the world.
The herb has a proven record for prevention and treatment of heart disease(3) by decreasing the risk factors of hypertension and high blood cholesterol through its form of aged garlic extract and protecting of liver from being damaged by the forming of free radicals through its form of garlic juice(4).
Furthermore, the application of garlic extract also strengthens our system's fight against the degeneration of our body, though it's a form of aqueous garlic extract(5).
2. Gotu Kola
Gotu Kola is also known as cetenlla asiatica. It is said to have a strong effect in treating nervous system disorders caused by inflammation(6) and improving learning and memory(7).
Its antioxidant property also rejuvenates our body against the formation of free radicals(8) and protects against early aging(9).
3. Astragalus
Astragalus contains antioxidants(10) that have been used in traditional Chinese medicine for strengthening our body in fighting against oxidative stress in the induction of diseases.
Herbal medicine also processes anti-virus and anti-bacterial properties(11) and promotes selectively in modulated cells of the immune system(11).
4. Reishi Mushroom
Reishi Mushroom contains ganoderic acids that strengthen our immune system's fight against inflammation(12) and abnormal cell growth in the induction of cancers(12).
The herb also keeps our liver in top form and improves the circulation of blood and increases the oxygen level in the bloodstream(13).
Natural Medicine for Fatty Liver And Obesity Reversal - The Revolutionary Findings To Achieve Optimal Health And Lose Weight
How To Get Rid Of Eye Floaters
Contrary To Professional Prediction, Floaters Can Be Cured Naturally
Ovarian Cysts And PCOS Elimination
Holistic System In Existence That Will Show You How To
Permanently Eliminate All Types of Ovarian Cysts Within 2 Months
Back to Kyle J. Norton's Homepage http://kylejnorton.blogspot.ca
Author Biography
Kyle J. Norton (Scholar, Master of Nutrition, All right reserved)
Health article writer and researcher; Over 10.000 articles and research papers have been written and published online, including worldwide health, ezine articles, article base, health blogs, self-growth, best before it's news, the Karate GB Daily, etc.,.
Named TOP 50 MEDICAL ESSAYS FOR ARTISTS & AUTHORS TO READ by Disilgold.com Named 50 of the best health Tweeters Canada - Huffington Post
Nominated for shorty award over last 4 years
Some articles have been used as references in medical research, such as the international journal Pharma and Bioscience, ISSN 0975-6299.
Sources
(1) The Effects of Fast Food on the Body by Health Line
(2) The Impact of Western Diet and Nutrients on the Microbiota and Immune Response at Mucosal Interfaces by Statovci D1, Aguilera M1, MacSharry J1,2, Melgar S(PubMed)
(3) Garlic and Heart Disease by Varshney R1, Budoff MJ(PubMed)
(4) Antioxidant effects of heated garlic juice on cadmium-induced liver damage in rats as compared to ascorbic acid by Olalekan Lawal A1, Lawal AF, Ologundudu A, Adeniran OY, Omonkhua A, Obi F.(PubMed)
(5) Protective effects of aqueous garlic extract in reducing water avoidance stress-induced degeneration of the stomach, ileum, and liver: morphological and biochemical study by Zeybek A1, Ercan F, Cetinel S, Cikler E, Saglam B, Sener G(PubMed)
(6) Neuroprotective effect of a standardized extract of Centella asiatica ECa233 in rotenone-induced parkinsonism rats by Teerapattarakan N1, Benya-Aphikul H2, Tansawat R3, Wanakhachornkrai O4, Tantisira MH5, Rodsiri R(PubMed)
(7) Study of ameliorating effects of ethanolic extract of Centella asiatica on learning and memory deficit in animal models by Doknark S, Mingmalairak S, Vattanajun A, Tantisira B, Tantisira MH(PubMed)
(8) Total phenolics and antioxidant activities of fenugreek, green tea, black tea, grape seed, ginger, rosemary, gotu kola, and ginkgo extracts, vitamin E, and tert-butylhydroquinone by Rababah TM1, Hettiarachchy NS, Horax R(PubMed)
(9) Trends in aging and skin care: Ayurvedic concepts by Datta HS1, Paramesh R(PubMed)
(10) Mineral and Phytochemical Profiles and Antioxidant Activity of Herbal Material from Two Temperate Astragalus Species. by Butkutė B1, Dagilytė A2, Benetis R2, Padarauskas A3, Cesevičienė J1, Olšauskaitė V3, Lemežienė N(PubMed)
(11) Immunomodulatory and antimicrobial effects of some traditional Chinese medicinal herbs: a review by Tan BK1, Vanitha (PubMed)
(12) Immunomodulatory and Antitumoral Properties of Ganoderma lucidum and Agaricus brasiliensis (Agaricomycetes) Medicinal Mushrooms by Rubel R1, Santa HSD1, Dos Santos LF2, Fernandes LC3, Figueiredo BC4, Soccol CR(PubMed)
(13) Triterpenoids and polysaccharide peptides-enriched Ganoderma lucidum: a randomized, double-blind placebo-controlled crossover study of its antioxidation and hepatoprotective efficacy in healthy volunteers by Chiu HF1, Fu HY2, Lu YY3, Han YC2, Shen YC4, Venkatakrishnan K2, Golovinskaia O5, Wang CK(PubMed)
(14) Cardioprotective Activity of Ganoderma lucidum Extract during Total Ischemia and Reperfusion of Isolated Heart by Lasukova TV1, Maslov LN, Arbuzov AG, Burkova VN, Inisheva L(PubMed)
The Western diet or standard American diet (SAD) is a modern dietary pattern characterized by high-carb foods low in nutrients, manufactured trans fats in the form of hydrogenated or partially hydrogenated oils, unrefined sugar, molasses, cane syrup and maple syrup,.... and refined flour.
In the long term, all these foods can overwhelm the body's organs, causing toxins accumulation that can lead to varying types of chronic illness.
Sadly but truthfully, the health line in the article "The Effects of Fast Food on the Body" wrote, "Millennials alone spend 45 percent of their budget’s food dollars on eating out'. and "In comparison to 40 years ago, the average American family now spends half their food budget on restaurant food. In 1977, just under 38 percent of family food budgets were spent eating outside the home".
Continuously, the author suggested that these types of fast foods only cause digestive and cardiovascular, respiratory, central nervous system, reproductive, integumentary, and skeletal disorders but also induce strongly negative effects on society, including more than one-third of children ages 6 to 19 are also considered overweight or obese and financial burden to the health care system.
Dr. Donjete Statovci, at the University College Cork, in the study of "The Impact of Western Diet and Nutrients on the Microbiota and Immune Response at Mucosal Interfaces" said, "Recent reports indicate that the gut microbiota and modifications thereof, due to a consumption of a diet high in saturated fats and low in fibers, can trigger factors regulating the development and/or progression of both conditions"(2).
Herbal Remedies That Detox and Nourish Our Bodies include
1. Garlic
Garlic is a widely used medication in the world.
The herb has a proven record for prevention and treatment of heart disease(3) by decreasing the risk factors of hypertension and high blood cholesterol through its form of aged garlic extract and protecting of liver from being damaged by the forming of free radicals through its form of garlic juice(4).
Furthermore, the application of garlic extract also strengthens our system's fight against the degeneration of our body, though it's a form of aqueous garlic extract(5).
2. Gotu Kola
Gotu Kola is also known as cetenlla asiatica. It is said to have a strong effect in treating nervous system disorders caused by inflammation(6) and improving learning and memory(7).
Its antioxidant property also rejuvenates our body against the formation of free radicals(8) and protects against early aging(9).
3. Astragalus
Astragalus contains antioxidants(10) that have been used in traditional Chinese medicine for strengthening our body in fighting against oxidative stress in the induction of diseases.
Herbal medicine also processes anti-virus and anti-bacterial properties(11) and promotes selectively in modulated cells of the immune system(11).
4. Reishi Mushroom
Reishi Mushroom contains ganoderic acids that strengthen our immune system's fight against inflammation(12) and abnormal cell growth in the induction of cancers(12).
The herb also keeps our liver in top form and improves the circulation of blood and increases the oxygen level in the bloodstream(13).
Natural Medicine for Fatty Liver And Obesity Reversal - The Revolutionary Findings To Achieve Optimal Health And Lose Weight
How To Get Rid Of Eye Floaters
Contrary To Professional Prediction, Floaters Can Be Cured Naturally
Ovarian Cysts And PCOS Elimination
Holistic System In Existence That Will Show You How To
Permanently Eliminate All Types of Ovarian Cysts Within 2 Months
Back to Kyle J. Norton's Homepage http://kylejnorton.blogspot.ca
Author Biography
Kyle J. Norton (Scholar, Master of Nutrition, All right reserved)
Health article writer and researcher; Over 10.000 articles and research papers have been written and published online, including worldwide health, ezine articles, article base, health blogs, self-growth, best before it's news, the Karate GB Daily, etc.,.
Named TOP 50 MEDICAL ESSAYS FOR ARTISTS & AUTHORS TO READ by Disilgold.com Named 50 of the best health Tweeters Canada - Huffington Post
Nominated for shorty award over last 4 years
Some articles have been used as references in medical research, such as the international journal Pharma and Bioscience, ISSN 0975-6299.
Sources
(1) The Effects of Fast Food on the Body by Health Line
(2) The Impact of Western Diet and Nutrients on the Microbiota and Immune Response at Mucosal Interfaces by Statovci D1, Aguilera M1, MacSharry J1,2, Melgar S(PubMed)
(3) Garlic and Heart Disease by Varshney R1, Budoff MJ(PubMed)
(4) Antioxidant effects of heated garlic juice on cadmium-induced liver damage in rats as compared to ascorbic acid by Olalekan Lawal A1, Lawal AF, Ologundudu A, Adeniran OY, Omonkhua A, Obi F.(PubMed)
(5) Protective effects of aqueous garlic extract in reducing water avoidance stress-induced degeneration of the stomach, ileum, and liver: morphological and biochemical study by Zeybek A1, Ercan F, Cetinel S, Cikler E, Saglam B, Sener G(PubMed)
(6) Neuroprotective effect of a standardized extract of Centella asiatica ECa233 in rotenone-induced parkinsonism rats by Teerapattarakan N1, Benya-Aphikul H2, Tansawat R3, Wanakhachornkrai O4, Tantisira MH5, Rodsiri R(PubMed)
(7) Study of ameliorating effects of ethanolic extract of Centella asiatica on learning and memory deficit in animal models by Doknark S, Mingmalairak S, Vattanajun A, Tantisira B, Tantisira MH(PubMed)
(8) Total phenolics and antioxidant activities of fenugreek, green tea, black tea, grape seed, ginger, rosemary, gotu kola, and ginkgo extracts, vitamin E, and tert-butylhydroquinone by Rababah TM1, Hettiarachchy NS, Horax R(PubMed)
(9) Trends in aging and skin care: Ayurvedic concepts by Datta HS1, Paramesh R(PubMed)
(10) Mineral and Phytochemical Profiles and Antioxidant Activity of Herbal Material from Two Temperate Astragalus Species. by Butkutė B1, Dagilytė A2, Benetis R2, Padarauskas A3, Cesevičienė J1, Olšauskaitė V3, Lemežienė N(PubMed)
(11) Immunomodulatory and antimicrobial effects of some traditional Chinese medicinal herbs: a review by Tan BK1, Vanitha (PubMed)
(12) Immunomodulatory and Antitumoral Properties of Ganoderma lucidum and Agaricus brasiliensis (Agaricomycetes) Medicinal Mushrooms by Rubel R1, Santa HSD1, Dos Santos LF2, Fernandes LC3, Figueiredo BC4, Soccol CR(PubMed)
(13) Triterpenoids and polysaccharide peptides-enriched Ganoderma lucidum: a randomized, double-blind placebo-controlled crossover study of its antioxidation and hepatoprotective efficacy in healthy volunteers by Chiu HF1, Fu HY2, Lu YY3, Han YC2, Shen YC4, Venkatakrishnan K2, Golovinskaia O5, Wang CK(PubMed)
(14) Cardioprotective Activity of Ganoderma lucidum Extract during Total Ischemia and Reperfusion of Isolated Heart by Lasukova TV1, Maslov LN, Arbuzov AG, Burkova VN, Inisheva L(PubMed)
#Healthyfood #Blackbeans Balance The Ratio of Free Radicals and Antioxidants in the Human Body, Researchers Say
Kyle J. Norton
Black beams with abundant nutrients and phytochemicals may have a profound effect in restoring the health of human systems by rebalancing the ratio of reactive oxygen species and antioxidants in the body, some scientists suggested.
A free radical is an atom that has a single unpaired electron in an outer shell and is highly reactive to react with another cell, which in turn, causes oxidative damage to the enzymes, protein, unsaturated fatty acid, phospholipids, DNA..... and RNA through a set of chain reaction auto-catalytically after attacking the lipid bilayers of the cell walls.
Epidemiological studies agreed that overexpression of free radicals is associated with a wide range of medical conditions including chronic syndromes and diseases.
Antioxidants, opposite to free radicals are substances that inhibit free radicals activity in the induction of oxidation.
In a healthy individual, antioxidants produced by antioxidant enzymes, including superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase, glutathione reductase, and catalases found in the tissue are more than enough to balance the ratio of ROS and antioxidants which in turn enhances the function of body systems in protection against diseases associated to overexpression of free radicals.
However, in the prevention of free radicals in the induction of diseases, some people may opt for supplementation, including free radical scavenging antioxidant vitamins, such as vitamins A, C, E, folic acid, and beta-carotene.
Some researchers suggested phytochemicals produced by plants with a function to protect the plant to grow and defend against competitors, pathogens, or predators may also improve antioxidant status in the body if they are consumed by a human.
Black bean is a Small roughly ovoid legume with glossy black shells, genus Phaseolus, belongings to the family Fabaceae.
Dried and canned forms of black beans can be bought in most grocery stores all around the year in . It is believed that the black bean was the first domesticated growth in South America.
In the study to classify the maximum antioxidant effect of legumes including black and red varieties of adzuki beans, researchers found that Adzuki beans (black) contain high levels of antioxidant 2,2'-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl and superoxide anion scavenger compared to other beans.
* Adzuki bean (black) also processes the hydrogen peroxide scavenging and metal chelating abilities, but lesser compared to the adzuki bean (red) variety.
* Phenolic extracts found in black adzuki beans also showed distinct variations compared to other beans in the inhibition of enzymes associated with hyperglycemia and hyperlipidemia.
* α-glucosidase inhibitory activity was superior in the black variety of adzuki bean (IC(50,) 26.28 mg/mL), both adzuki bean varieties (black and red) with no significant difference in their IC(50) values (7.32 to 9.85 mg/mL).
Dr. Sreerama YN, the lead scientist in the final report of the study wrote." Vigna species of legumes are a potential source of antioxidant phenolics and also great sources of strong natural inhibitors for α-glucosidase and lipase activities" and "Vigna species of legumes are good sources of phenolic antioxidants and strong natural inhibitors of enzymes associated with diabetes and obesity".
Furthermore, with an aim to reaffirm the antioxidant status of varieties of legume species, researchers at the Bhabha Atomic Research Center launched an investigation using number of a different techniques, including Ferric Reducing Antioxidant Power (FRAP) and metal ion (Fe²⁺) chelation assays.
Thirty different varieties of commonly consumed legumes in India were screened for phenolic content and antioxidant in the study.
All 30 bean varieties process a high level of antioxidants. Beans with a dark coating such as black beans have higher levels of antioxidants compared to beans with a lighter coating.
Moreover, Antioxidant activity showed a positive correlation (r²>0.95) with phenolic contents.
These result suggested that black color beans may be considered functional food in improved antioxidants in the body. In other words, intake of black beans daily may protect us against chronic syndromes and diseases caused by an imbalance of the ratio of free radicals and antioxidants in our body.
Natural Medicine for Fatty Liver And Obesity Reversal - The Revolutionary Findings To Achieve Optimal Health And Lose Weight
How To Get Rid Of Eye Floaters
Contrary To Professional Prediction, Floaters Can Be Cured Naturally
Ovarian Cysts And PCOS Elimination
Holistic System In Existence That Will Show You How To
Permanently Eliminate All Types of Ovarian Cysts Within 2 Months
Back to Kyle J. Norton's Homepage http://kylejnorton.blogspot.ca
Author Biography
Kyle J. Norton (Scholar, Master of Nutrition, All right reserved)
Health article writer and researcher; Over 10.000 articles and research papers have been written and published online, including worldwide health, ezine articles, article base, health blogs, self-growth, best before it's news, the Karate GB Daily, etc.,.
Named TOP 50 MEDICAL ESSAYS FOR ARTISTS & AUTHORS TO READ by Disilgold.com Named 50 of the best health Tweeters Canada - Huffington Post
Nominated for shorty award over last 4 years
Some articles have been used as references in medical research, such as the international journal Pharma and Bioscience, ISSN 0975-6299
References
(1) Differential accumulation of polyphenolics in black beangenotypes grown in four environments.
Marles MA, Balasubramanian P, Bett KE. (PubMed)
(2) Phenolic antioxidants in some Vigna species of legumes and their distinct inhibitory effects on α-glucosidase and pancreatic lipase activities by Sreerama YN, Takahashi Y, Yamaki K. (PubMed)
(3) Comparative study on antioxidant activity of different varieties of commonly consumed legumes in India. by Marathe SA, Rajalakshmi V, Jamdar SN, Sharma A.(PubMed)
Black beams with abundant nutrients and phytochemicals may have a profound effect in restoring the health of human systems by rebalancing the ratio of reactive oxygen species and antioxidants in the body, some scientists suggested.
A free radical is an atom that has a single unpaired electron in an outer shell and is highly reactive to react with another cell, which in turn, causes oxidative damage to the enzymes, protein, unsaturated fatty acid, phospholipids, DNA..... and RNA through a set of chain reaction auto-catalytically after attacking the lipid bilayers of the cell walls.
Epidemiological studies agreed that overexpression of free radicals is associated with a wide range of medical conditions including chronic syndromes and diseases.
Antioxidants, opposite to free radicals are substances that inhibit free radicals activity in the induction of oxidation.
In a healthy individual, antioxidants produced by antioxidant enzymes, including superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase, glutathione reductase, and catalases found in the tissue are more than enough to balance the ratio of ROS and antioxidants which in turn enhances the function of body systems in protection against diseases associated to overexpression of free radicals.
However, in the prevention of free radicals in the induction of diseases, some people may opt for supplementation, including free radical scavenging antioxidant vitamins, such as vitamins A, C, E, folic acid, and beta-carotene.
Some researchers suggested phytochemicals produced by plants with a function to protect the plant to grow and defend against competitors, pathogens, or predators may also improve antioxidant status in the body if they are consumed by a human.
Black bean is a Small roughly ovoid legume with glossy black shells, genus Phaseolus, belongings to the family Fabaceae.
Dried and canned forms of black beans can be bought in most grocery stores all around the year in . It is believed that the black bean was the first domesticated growth in South America.
In the study to classify the maximum antioxidant effect of legumes including black and red varieties of adzuki beans, researchers found that Adzuki beans (black) contain high levels of antioxidant 2,2'-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl and superoxide anion scavenger compared to other beans.
* Adzuki bean (black) also processes the hydrogen peroxide scavenging and metal chelating abilities, but lesser compared to the adzuki bean (red) variety.
* Phenolic extracts found in black adzuki beans also showed distinct variations compared to other beans in the inhibition of enzymes associated with hyperglycemia and hyperlipidemia.
* α-glucosidase inhibitory activity was superior in the black variety of adzuki bean (IC(50,) 26.28 mg/mL), both adzuki bean varieties (black and red) with no significant difference in their IC(50) values (7.32 to 9.85 mg/mL).
Dr. Sreerama YN, the lead scientist in the final report of the study wrote." Vigna species of legumes are a potential source of antioxidant phenolics and also great sources of strong natural inhibitors for α-glucosidase and lipase activities" and "Vigna species of legumes are good sources of phenolic antioxidants and strong natural inhibitors of enzymes associated with diabetes and obesity".
Furthermore, with an aim to reaffirm the antioxidant status of varieties of legume species, researchers at the Bhabha Atomic Research Center launched an investigation using number of a different techniques, including Ferric Reducing Antioxidant Power (FRAP) and metal ion (Fe²⁺) chelation assays.
Thirty different varieties of commonly consumed legumes in India were screened for phenolic content and antioxidant in the study.
All 30 bean varieties process a high level of antioxidants. Beans with a dark coating such as black beans have higher levels of antioxidants compared to beans with a lighter coating.
Moreover, Antioxidant activity showed a positive correlation (r²>0.95) with phenolic contents.
These result suggested that black color beans may be considered functional food in improved antioxidants in the body. In other words, intake of black beans daily may protect us against chronic syndromes and diseases caused by an imbalance of the ratio of free radicals and antioxidants in our body.
Natural Medicine for Fatty Liver And Obesity Reversal - The Revolutionary Findings To Achieve Optimal Health And Lose Weight
How To Get Rid Of Eye Floaters
Contrary To Professional Prediction, Floaters Can Be Cured Naturally
Ovarian Cysts And PCOS Elimination
Holistic System In Existence That Will Show You How To
Permanently Eliminate All Types of Ovarian Cysts Within 2 Months
Back to Kyle J. Norton's Homepage http://kylejnorton.blogspot.ca
Author Biography
Kyle J. Norton (Scholar, Master of Nutrition, All right reserved)
Health article writer and researcher; Over 10.000 articles and research papers have been written and published online, including worldwide health, ezine articles, article base, health blogs, self-growth, best before it's news, the Karate GB Daily, etc.,.
Named TOP 50 MEDICAL ESSAYS FOR ARTISTS & AUTHORS TO READ by Disilgold.com Named 50 of the best health Tweeters Canada - Huffington Post
Nominated for shorty award over last 4 years
Some articles have been used as references in medical research, such as the international journal Pharma and Bioscience, ISSN 0975-6299
References
(1) Differential accumulation of polyphenolics in black beangenotypes grown in four environments.
Marles MA, Balasubramanian P, Bett KE. (PubMed)
(2) Phenolic antioxidants in some Vigna species of legumes and their distinct inhibitory effects on α-glucosidase and pancreatic lipase activities by Sreerama YN, Takahashi Y, Yamaki K. (PubMed)
(3) Comparative study on antioxidant activity of different varieties of commonly consumed legumes in India. by Marathe SA, Rajalakshmi V, Jamdar SN, Sharma A.(PubMed)
The Adverse Effects of #Turmeric, According to Studies
Kyle J. Norton
Turmeric, the principal curcuminoid of the popular Indian spice, is a rhizomatous herbaceous perennial plant of the ginger family, Zingiberaceae, native to tropical South Asia. The herbs although have been found to process a number of medical health benefits advocated by medical literature, they also induced some adverse effects that users should be aware of.
Side effects of Turmeric
1. Overdose may cause gastrointestinal pain and discomfort
According to the joint study led by Mahidol University, Bangkok, a total of 367 primary knee osteoarthritis patients with a pain score of 5 or higher were randomized to receive ibuprofen 1,200 mg/day or C. domestica extracts 1,500 mg/day for 4 weeks.
Although the extract expressed a similar effect in reduced symptoms of pain in tested patients, it also was found to induce a number of events of abdominal pain/discomfort but was less intense in those treated with ibuprofen.
2. Allergic skin rashes, and Fever
The side effects were reported by the Bhavan's Swami Prakashananda Ayurveda Research Centre, in the study of 9 healthy volunteers between 20 and 33 years of age administered 0.6 ml of turmeric oil (TO) three times a day for 1 month and 1 ml in 3 divided doses for 2 months to test for hemoglobin, blood counts, liver and kidney functions, bleeding and clotting time and serum electrolytes initially and at 1 and 3 months of treatment.
3. Increased risk of bleeding
Intake of turmeric may increase the risk of bleeding due to anticoagulant activities exerted by its major bioactive compound curcumin and its derivatives, particularly, in people with bleeding disorders, according to Kyungpook National University.
4. People who plan to have surgery, should stop taking turmeric a few weeks in advance to reduce the risk of bleeding.
5. Induced gallbladder contraction
The dosage of curcumin capable of producing a 50% contraction of the bladder was 40 mg nonlinearly.
6. Low Blood pressure
Turmeric clinically expressed a significant effect in reduced blood pressure, therefor People with hypotension are advised not to take turmeric and its bioactive compound curcumin.
7. Kidney stone
Consumption of turmeric and its supplement can significantly increase the risk of kidney stones due to high levels of oxalate contents.
8. Increased risk of infertility in men
Intake of turmeric should be taken with care if you are planning of getting a conception as turmeric's curcumin was found to be an effective agent in inhibiting sperm forward motility by intracellular acidification and hyperpolarization of the sperm plasma membrane, the West Virginia University suggested.
9. Induced iron deficiency
Turmeric containing from 0.5 to 33 mg polyphenol per meal may be considered a potent inhibitor of iron availability (20-90%), reducing iron availability in a dose-dependent manner, the Dr, Tuntipopipat S, the lead author at Mahidol University.
10 and 11 Pregnancy and breastfeeding
Due to induced iron deficiency adverse effects, women are advised not to take turmeric during months of maternity and post-maternity to prevent reduced lactation to the mother and symptoms of
feeling weak and tired, feeling dizzy or cranky, headaches, shortness of breath, trouble concentrating, and a pale appearance to both.
Finally, Do not use the herb in newborns, children, or if you are pregnant and breastfeeding without approval from the related field specialist.
Natural Medicine for Fatty Liver And Obesity Reversal - The Revolutionary Findings To Achieve Optimal Health And Loose Weight
Ovarian Cysts And PCOS Elimination
Holistic System In Existence That Will Show You How To
Permanently Eliminate All Types of Ovarian Cysts Within 2 Months
Back to Kyle J. Norton's Home page http://kylejnorton.blogspot.ca
Author Biography
Kyle J. Norton (Scholar, Master of Nutrition, All right reserved)
Health article writer and researcher; Over 10.000 articles and research papers have been written and published online, including worldwide health, ezine articles, article base, healthblogs, self-growth, best before it's news, the Karate GB Daily, etc.,.
Named TOP 50 MEDICAL ESSAYS FOR ARTISTS & AUTHORS TO READ by Disilgold.com Named 50 of the best health Tweeters Canada - Huffington Post
Nominated for shorty award over last 4 years
Some articles have been used as references in medical research, such as the international journal Pharma and Bio Science, ISSN 0975-6299.
References
(1) Efficacy and safety of Curcuma domestica extracts compared with ibuprofen in patients with knee osteoarthritis: a multicenter study by Kuptniratsaikul V1, Dajpratham P1, Taechaarpornkul W2, Buntragulpoontawee M3, Lukkanapichonchut P4, Chootip C5, Saengsuwan J6, Tantayakom K7, Laongpech S8. (PubMed)(2) Anticoagulant activities of curcumin and its derivative by Kim DC1, Ku SK, Bae JS. (PubMed)
(3) Effect of different curcumin dosages on human gall bladder by Rasyid A1, Rahman AR, Jaalam K, Lelo A.(PubMed)
(4) Curcumin protects against cadmium-induced vascular dysfunction, hypertension, and tissue cadmium accumulation in mice byKukongviriyapan U1, Pannangpetch P2, Kukongviriyapan V3, Donpunha W4, Sompamit K5, Surawattanawan P(PubMed)
(5) Effect of cinnamon and turmeric on urinary oxalate excretion, plasma lipids, and plasma glucose in healthy subjects by Tang M1, Larson-Meyer DE, Liebman M.(PubMed)
(6) The Effect of Curcumin on Intracellular pH (pHi), Membrane Hyperpolarization and Sperm Motility by Naz RK(PubMed)
(7) Inhibitory effects of spices and herbs on iron availability by Tuntipopipat S1, Zeder C, Siriprapa P, Charoenkiatkul S.(PubMed)
Turmeric, the principal curcuminoid of the popular Indian spice, is a rhizomatous herbaceous perennial plant of the ginger family, Zingiberaceae, native to tropical South Asia. The herbs although have been found to process a number of medical health benefits advocated by medical literature, they also induced some adverse effects that users should be aware of.
Side effects of Turmeric
1. Overdose may cause gastrointestinal pain and discomfort
According to the joint study led by Mahidol University, Bangkok, a total of 367 primary knee osteoarthritis patients with a pain score of 5 or higher were randomized to receive ibuprofen 1,200 mg/day or C. domestica extracts 1,500 mg/day for 4 weeks.
Although the extract expressed a similar effect in reduced symptoms of pain in tested patients, it also was found to induce a number of events of abdominal pain/discomfort but was less intense in those treated with ibuprofen.
2. Allergic skin rashes, and Fever
The side effects were reported by the Bhavan's Swami Prakashananda Ayurveda Research Centre, in the study of 9 healthy volunteers between 20 and 33 years of age administered 0.6 ml of turmeric oil (TO) three times a day for 1 month and 1 ml in 3 divided doses for 2 months to test for hemoglobin, blood counts, liver and kidney functions, bleeding and clotting time and serum electrolytes initially and at 1 and 3 months of treatment.
3. Increased risk of bleeding
Intake of turmeric may increase the risk of bleeding due to anticoagulant activities exerted by its major bioactive compound curcumin and its derivatives, particularly, in people with bleeding disorders, according to Kyungpook National University.
4. People who plan to have surgery, should stop taking turmeric a few weeks in advance to reduce the risk of bleeding.
5. Induced gallbladder contraction
The dosage of curcumin capable of producing a 50% contraction of the bladder was 40 mg nonlinearly.
6. Low Blood pressure
Turmeric clinically expressed a significant effect in reduced blood pressure, therefor People with hypotension are advised not to take turmeric and its bioactive compound curcumin.
7. Kidney stone
Consumption of turmeric and its supplement can significantly increase the risk of kidney stones due to high levels of oxalate contents.
8. Increased risk of infertility in men
Intake of turmeric should be taken with care if you are planning of getting a conception as turmeric's curcumin was found to be an effective agent in inhibiting sperm forward motility by intracellular acidification and hyperpolarization of the sperm plasma membrane, the West Virginia University suggested.
9. Induced iron deficiency
Turmeric containing from 0.5 to 33 mg polyphenol per meal may be considered a potent inhibitor of iron availability (20-90%), reducing iron availability in a dose-dependent manner, the Dr, Tuntipopipat S, the lead author at Mahidol University.
10 and 11 Pregnancy and breastfeeding
Due to induced iron deficiency adverse effects, women are advised not to take turmeric during months of maternity and post-maternity to prevent reduced lactation to the mother and symptoms of
feeling weak and tired, feeling dizzy or cranky, headaches, shortness of breath, trouble concentrating, and a pale appearance to both.
Finally, Do not use the herb in newborns, children, or if you are pregnant and breastfeeding without approval from the related field specialist.
Natural Medicine for Fatty Liver And Obesity Reversal - The Revolutionary Findings To Achieve Optimal Health And Loose Weight
Ovarian Cysts And PCOS Elimination
Holistic System In Existence That Will Show You How To
Permanently Eliminate All Types of Ovarian Cysts Within 2 Months
Back to Kyle J. Norton's Home page http://kylejnorton.blogspot.ca
Author Biography
Kyle J. Norton (Scholar, Master of Nutrition, All right reserved)
Health article writer and researcher; Over 10.000 articles and research papers have been written and published online, including worldwide health, ezine articles, article base, healthblogs, self-growth, best before it's news, the Karate GB Daily, etc.,.
Named TOP 50 MEDICAL ESSAYS FOR ARTISTS & AUTHORS TO READ by Disilgold.com Named 50 of the best health Tweeters Canada - Huffington Post
Nominated for shorty award over last 4 years
Some articles have been used as references in medical research, such as the international journal Pharma and Bio Science, ISSN 0975-6299.
References
(1) Efficacy and safety of Curcuma domestica extracts compared with ibuprofen in patients with knee osteoarthritis: a multicenter study by Kuptniratsaikul V1, Dajpratham P1, Taechaarpornkul W2, Buntragulpoontawee M3, Lukkanapichonchut P4, Chootip C5, Saengsuwan J6, Tantayakom K7, Laongpech S8. (PubMed)(2) Anticoagulant activities of curcumin and its derivative by Kim DC1, Ku SK, Bae JS. (PubMed)
(3) Effect of different curcumin dosages on human gall bladder by Rasyid A1, Rahman AR, Jaalam K, Lelo A.(PubMed)
(4) Curcumin protects against cadmium-induced vascular dysfunction, hypertension, and tissue cadmium accumulation in mice byKukongviriyapan U1, Pannangpetch P2, Kukongviriyapan V3, Donpunha W4, Sompamit K5, Surawattanawan P(PubMed)
(5) Effect of cinnamon and turmeric on urinary oxalate excretion, plasma lipids, and plasma glucose in healthy subjects by Tang M1, Larson-Meyer DE, Liebman M.(PubMed)
(6) The Effect of Curcumin on Intracellular pH (pHi), Membrane Hyperpolarization and Sperm Motility by Naz RK(PubMed)
(7) Inhibitory effects of spices and herbs on iron availability by Tuntipopipat S1, Zeder C, Siriprapa P, Charoenkiatkul S.(PubMed)
Wednesday, 5 July 2023
Carrots Protect the Gastrointestinal Tract Against #HeavyMetals and #ChemicalsToxicity, According to Studies
Kyle J. Norton
Carrots may have a profound and positive effect in expelling heavy mental and chemical toxins from our body through the gastrointestinal tract, some scientists suggested.
The digestive system, includes the salivary glands, mouth, esophagus, stomach, liver, gallbladder, pancreas, small intestine, colon, and rectum. is a system responsible for extracting nutrients and fluids from food intake to provide energy for the body's needs.
Some people with digestive problems may experience symptoms of acid reflux and GERD with burning sensation, gas, bloating, constipation, diarrhea, and indigestion. In serious cases, the condition can also cause gallstones, irritable bowel syndrome, and hemorrhoids,...
Some researchers suggested that eating 7 or more servings of fruits and vegetables daily, replacing refined grain products with whole grain products, reducing intake of processed food and red meat, and engaging in daily physical activity are the best to optimize digestive health.
Including vitamin D and calcium in the diet are also helpful.
Carrot, a root vegetable with an orange color is a sub-species of Daucus carota, belonging to the family Apiaceae, native to Asia and Europe.
The concerns of the damage of heavy metal damage to the body, researchers at Northwest A&F University, launched an investigation to examine whether insoluble dietary fiber from carrot pomace effect in exerting the protection of the digestive tract,
Researchers found that using the ultra-micro grinding process, the insoluble dietary fiber exerts far better potential in inhibited levels of glucose-, nitrite-, and lead ion- compared to the raw insoluble dietary fiber.
Truly, the ultra-micro grinding process could significantly decrease the particle size of carrot insoluble dietary fiber and increase its Brunauer-Emmett-Teller surface area from 0.374 to 1.835 m(2) g(-1).
The method also improved the water-holding capacity, swelling capacity and oil-holding capacity increased by 62.09%, 49.25%, and 45.45%, respectively.
These may be the reasons the insoluble dietary fiber from carrot pomace treated with an ultra-micro grinding process displays a significant effect in the protection of the digestive system through absorption of the far greater level of heavy and toxic metals.
The processed application also effectively protects Caco-2 cells from lead ion damage, according to the apoptosis assessment by AO/EB, compared to the raw contents
At the concentration of 10.0 mg, carrot insoluble dietary fiber has no toxicity for Caco-2 cells, the MTT assay showed.
The results of this study highlighted the potential of the ultra-micro grinding process to produce a high-added-value fiber ingredient from carrot residue with the function of protecting the gastrointestinal tract against heavy and toxic chemicals.
Taken together, carrot's insoluble dietary fiber may be used as a functional food in improving digestive function by absorbing heavy and toxic chemicals before causing harm to the body tissue and organs.
Natural Medicine for Fatty Liver And Obesity Reversal - The Revolutionary Findings To Achieve Optimal Health And Lose Weight
How To Get Rid Of Eye Floaters
Contrary To Professional Prediction, Floaters Can Be Cured Naturally
Ovarian Cysts And PCOS Elimination
Holistic System In Existence That Will Show You How To
Permanently Eliminate All Types of Ovarian Cysts Within 2 Months
Back to Kyle J. Norton's Homepage http://kylejnorton.blogspot.ca
Author Biography
Kyle J. Norton (Scholar, Master of Nutrition, All right reserved)
Health article writer and researcher; Over 10.000 articles and research papers have been written and published online, including worldwide health, ezine articles, article base, health blogs, self-growth, best before it's news, the Karate GB Daily, etc.,.
Named TOP 50 MEDICAL ESSAYS FOR ARTISTS & AUTHORS TO READ by Disilgold.com Named 50 of the best health Tweeters Canada - Huffington Post
Nominated for shorty award over last 4 years
Some articles have been used as references in medical research, such as the international journal Pharma and Bioscience, ISSN 0975-6299.
Sources
(1) Physicochemical properties and intestinal protective effect of ultra-micro ground insoluble dietary fiber from carrot pomace by Ma S1, Ren B, Diao Z, Chen Y, Qiao Q, Liu X(PubMed)
Carrots may have a profound and positive effect in expelling heavy mental and chemical toxins from our body through the gastrointestinal tract, some scientists suggested.
The digestive system, includes the salivary glands, mouth, esophagus, stomach, liver, gallbladder, pancreas, small intestine, colon, and rectum. is a system responsible for extracting nutrients and fluids from food intake to provide energy for the body's needs.
Some people with digestive problems may experience symptoms of acid reflux and GERD with burning sensation, gas, bloating, constipation, diarrhea, and indigestion. In serious cases, the condition can also cause gallstones, irritable bowel syndrome, and hemorrhoids,...
Some researchers suggested that eating 7 or more servings of fruits and vegetables daily, replacing refined grain products with whole grain products, reducing intake of processed food and red meat, and engaging in daily physical activity are the best to optimize digestive health.
Including vitamin D and calcium in the diet are also helpful.
Carrot, a root vegetable with an orange color is a sub-species of Daucus carota, belonging to the family Apiaceae, native to Asia and Europe.
The concerns of the damage of heavy metal damage to the body, researchers at Northwest A&F University, launched an investigation to examine whether insoluble dietary fiber from carrot pomace effect in exerting the protection of the digestive tract,
Researchers found that using the ultra-micro grinding process, the insoluble dietary fiber exerts far better potential in inhibited levels of glucose-, nitrite-, and lead ion- compared to the raw insoluble dietary fiber.
Truly, the ultra-micro grinding process could significantly decrease the particle size of carrot insoluble dietary fiber and increase its Brunauer-Emmett-Teller surface area from 0.374 to 1.835 m(2) g(-1).
The method also improved the water-holding capacity, swelling capacity and oil-holding capacity increased by 62.09%, 49.25%, and 45.45%, respectively.
These may be the reasons the insoluble dietary fiber from carrot pomace treated with an ultra-micro grinding process displays a significant effect in the protection of the digestive system through absorption of the far greater level of heavy and toxic metals.
The processed application also effectively protects Caco-2 cells from lead ion damage, according to the apoptosis assessment by AO/EB, compared to the raw contents
At the concentration of 10.0 mg, carrot insoluble dietary fiber has no toxicity for Caco-2 cells, the MTT assay showed.
The results of this study highlighted the potential of the ultra-micro grinding process to produce a high-added-value fiber ingredient from carrot residue with the function of protecting the gastrointestinal tract against heavy and toxic chemicals.
Taken together, carrot's insoluble dietary fiber may be used as a functional food in improving digestive function by absorbing heavy and toxic chemicals before causing harm to the body tissue and organs.
Natural Medicine for Fatty Liver And Obesity Reversal - The Revolutionary Findings To Achieve Optimal Health And Lose Weight
How To Get Rid Of Eye Floaters
Contrary To Professional Prediction, Floaters Can Be Cured Naturally
Ovarian Cysts And PCOS Elimination
Holistic System In Existence That Will Show You How To
Permanently Eliminate All Types of Ovarian Cysts Within 2 Months
Back to Kyle J. Norton's Homepage http://kylejnorton.blogspot.ca
Author Biography
Kyle J. Norton (Scholar, Master of Nutrition, All right reserved)
Health article writer and researcher; Over 10.000 articles and research papers have been written and published online, including worldwide health, ezine articles, article base, health blogs, self-growth, best before it's news, the Karate GB Daily, etc.,.
Named TOP 50 MEDICAL ESSAYS FOR ARTISTS & AUTHORS TO READ by Disilgold.com Named 50 of the best health Tweeters Canada - Huffington Post
Nominated for shorty award over last 4 years
Some articles have been used as references in medical research, such as the international journal Pharma and Bioscience, ISSN 0975-6299.
Sources
(1) Physicochemical properties and intestinal protective effect of ultra-micro ground insoluble dietary fiber from carrot pomace by Ma S1, Ren B, Diao Z, Chen Y, Qiao Q, Liu X(PubMed)
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