Kyle J. Norton
Aloe Vera is species of succulent plant in the genus Aloe, belongings to the Family Xanthorrhoeaceae, native to Sudan.
The herb has become very popular for commercial cultivation due to its health benefits.
Aloe vera has been used in herbal medicine in treating many kinds of diseases, including wounds, burn healing, minor skin infections, sebaceous cysts, diabetes, and elevated cholesterol,...
It is also one of many popular herbs studied in scientific ways with some conflicted results.
The Ingredients
The ten main areas of chemical constituents of Aloe vera include amino acids, anthraquinones, enzymes, minerals, vitamins, lignins, monosaccharides, polysaccharides, salicylic acids, saponins, and sterols.
1. Diabetes
Diabetes is a condition caused by insufficient insulin entering the bloodstream to regulate glucose. It is either caused by cells in the pancreas dying off or receptor sites clogged up by fat and cholesterol. In some cases, diabetes is also caused by allergic reactions of cells in the immune system.
Many herbs have been proven in studies to be effective in treating type II diabetes, including Aloe vera.
As a popular herbal remedy in the United Kingdom, oral administration of aloe vera might be a useful adjunct for lowering blood glucose in diabetic patients as well as for reducing blood lipid levels in patients with hyperlipidemia.
In other studies of Aloe vera gel in a mouse model of non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus, Oral administration of PAG for 8 weeks was found to reduce circulating blood glucose concentrations to a normal level in these DIO mice.
Its leaf is also found to be useful in treating diabetes, as the study said A. vera leaf pulp extract showed hypoglycaemic activity in type I (IDDM) and type II (NIDDM) diabetic rats, the effect being enhanced for type II diabetes in comparison with glibenclamide. On the contrary, A. vera leaf gel extract showed hyperglycaemic activity in NIDDM rats.
2. Ance vulgaris
Acne vulgaris, is one of the skin diseases with areas of scaly red skin with seborrhea, blackheads, and whiteheads. Aloe vera one of many herbs has been studied and researched in the pharmaceutical world, because of its common problem to the young ages and commercial profits.
The study to compare the efficacy and safety of the combination of tretinoin (TR) cream (0.05%) and Aloe vera topical gel (50%) with TR and vehicle, has been well tolerated and significantly more effective than TR and vehicle for the treatment of mild to moderate acne vulgaris and with less side effects.
Other researchers in the observation of traditional medicines of many cultures used to treat skin diseases, indicated that certain ingredients, including aloe vera, have been identified in the treatment of psoriasis and atopic dermatitis.
3. Gastric Ulcers
Gastric ulcers are defined as a condition of localized tissue erosion in the lining of the stomach. as a result of the bacteria Helicobacter pylori (H pylori) in most cases.
Some people with gastric ulcers may not experience any symptoms at all, while others may have burning pain, severe nausea, and vomiting.
In the comparison of the effects of Aloe vera and sucralfate on gastric microcirculatory changes, cytokine levels, and gastric ulcer healing, treatment of Aloe vera was found to reduce leukocyte adherence and TNF-alpha level, elevate IL-10 levels and promote gastric ulcer healing.
Because of its anti-inflammatory effects, the treatment of A. vera process the enhancement in leukocyte-endothelium interaction is associated with a reduction in TNF-alpha level.
Other in another study of acute gastric mucosal lesions induced by 0.6 M HCl and acid output, indicated that Aloe vera is endowed with gastric acid anti-secretory activity and could protect the gastric mucosa at low concentrations against injurious agents.
Another component of Aloe vera, the Polymer fraction (Avpf; molecular weight cut-off ≥50 kDa; 150 mg/kg body weight, p.o.), reduces 50% of the mRNA expressions of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) and neuronal nitric oxide synthase (nNOS), according to the study.
4. Cancers
Cancer is a class of diseases in which a group of cells growing and multiplying in disordered and uncontrollable ways in our body, have become progressively worse and damage other healthy tissues, sometimes spreading to other organs in the body via lymph or blood and results may be in death.
Aloe-Emodi, a chemical compound found in Aloe vera, specifically suppresses breast cancer cell proliferation by targeting ER α protein stability through distinct mechanisms and may be used as a possible application of anthraquinones in preventing or treating breast cancer in the future.
Also in other studies, Aloe-Emodi is considered as a potential value for the treatment of gastric cancer and cervical cancer because its mechanisms are by means of cell cycle interruption and induce differentiation and suppressed the expression of PKCalpha and c-myc.
Radiotherapy is most often used to treat head and neck cancer patients. Ina study of aloe Vera, Dr. Ahmadi A. found that oral Aloe vera mouthwash may not only prevent radiation-induced mucositis but also may reduce oral candidiasis of patients undergoing head and neck radiotherapy due to its antifungal and immunomodulatory properties.
5. Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome
Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome is defined as an endocrinologic disease caused by undeveloped follicles clumping on the ovaries that interfere with the function of the normal ovaries resulting in enlarged ovaries, leading hormone imbalance( excessive androgen), resulting in male pattern hair development, acne, irregular period or absence of period, weight gain and affecting fertility. It affects over 5% of the women population or 1 in 20 women. According to the study by Desai BN, Maharjan RH, Nampoothiri LP. almost 70% of PCOS women have abnormal serum lipid levels (dyslipidemia) and 50% of these women are obese. Several classes of pharmacological agents have been used to manage dyslipidemia. However, studies have shown adverse effects associated with these drugs.
Aloe Vera may be a potential herb in treating Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome by enhancing the reductions of plasma triglyceride and LDL cholesterol levels, with an increase in HDL cholesterol, or by restoring the ovarian steroid status.
According to the study of PCOS induced in Charles Foster female rats by oral administration of non-steroidal aromatase inhibitor letrozole (0.5 mg/kg body weight, 21 days), AVG-treated PCOS rats exhibited a significant reduction in plasma triglyceride and LDL cholesterol levels, with an increase in HDL cholesterol.
The gel treatment also caused a reversion of abnormal estrous cyclicity, glucose intolerance, and lipid metabolizing enzyme activities, bringing them to normal. Other studies also indicated that Aloe vera gel formulation exerts a protective effect against the PCOS phenotype by restoring the ovarian steroid status and altering key steroidogenic activity.
This can be attributed to phyto-components present in the extract.
Dr.Pérez YY and the research team in the study of the Effect of a polyphenol-rich extract from Aloe vera gel on experimentally induced insulin resistance in mice also indicated that decreasing significantly both body weight (p < 0.008) and blood glucose levels of Aloe, calculated using the homeostasis model assessment for insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) formula by the polyphenol-rich extract from Aloe vera.
Also in the confirmation of the above result, a study of Aloe vera leaves on blood glucose levels in type I and type II diabetic rat models, vera leaf pulp extract showed hypoglycaemic activity on IDDM and NIDDM rats, the effect being enhanced for type II diabetes in comparison with glibenclamide. On the contrary,
A. vera leaf gel extract showed hyperglycaemic activity on NIDDM rats. It may therefore be concluded that the pulps of Aloe vera leaves devoid of the gel could be useful in the treatment of non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus. Where non-diabetic (ND), type I (IDDM), and type II (NIDDM) diabetic rats.
6. Gingivitis
Gingivitis is defined as a condition of Inflammation of Gum Diseases.
Aloe Vera's anti-inflammatory properties may be the result of the plant used in the treatment of gum diseases. In the study of 45 patients who were diagnosed with plaque-induced gingivitis were included, aloe mouthwash is proven to be the most potential for a reduction in gingival inflammation caused by plagues.
Other in the randomized, controlled, and double-blind study, a total of 148 systemically healthy subjects, showed a statistically significant decrease in PI, MGI, and BI scores after the rinse regimen began in comparison with the use of chlorhexidine.
But Dr. de Oliveira SM, and the research team in comparison of Aloe vera and fluoridated dentifrice, found that there was a significant reduction in plaque and gingivitis in both groups, but no statistically significant difference was observed among them (p>0.01), Aloe vera did not show any additional effect on plaque and gingivitis control compared to the fluoridated dentifrice.
7. Psoriasis
Psoriasis is defined as a chronic condition of inflammatory skin disease, affecting the joints and mostly happens to people who are obese and are predisposed to diabetes and heart disease.
Many herbal extracts have been used as topical management of plaque psoriasis, including Aloe vera based on multiple studies.
Aloe vera gel is used in alternative medicine over the century for the treatment of skin diseases, including psoriasis, and a recent study showed that ethanolic extract of Aloe vera leaf gel also produced a significant increase in relative epidermal thickness and an overall antipsoriatic activity of high effective rate.
Other in the comparison of comparison to evaluate the efficacy of Topical aloe vera (AV) and 0.1% triamcinolone acetonide (TA) in mild to moderate plaque psoriasis, AV cream may be more effective than 0.1% TA cream was found to be more effective in reducing clinical symptoms of psoriasis.
Unfortunately, in diverse dermatologic conditions, even though there are some promising results with the use of aloe vera, but clinical effectiveness of oral and topical aloe vera may require further studies, according to the study of Dr. Feily A, and Dr. Namazi MR.
8. Irritable bowel syndrome
Irritable bowel syndrome is defined as a condition if a patient is diagnosed with abdominal pain or discomfort, bloating, and alteration of bowel habits at least three times a month for the last 3 months without the preexistence of other diseases.
Aloe vera (AV) has long been suggested by herbal medicine in treating irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) symptoms. In the comparison of the effectiveness of a mixture of Aloe vera (AV) and Matricaria recutita (German chamomile, GC) in treating Irritable bowel syndrome, GC inhibited only small bowel transit while the AV/GC mixture delayed gastric emptying at the doses of 150 and 300 mg/kg.
The AV/GC mixture also reduced colonic transit and small bowel transit at the dose of 150 mg/kg. In other randomized double-blind placebo-controlled trials to test the effects of aloe vera for irritable bowel syndrome, there was no evidence that AV benefits patients with IBS and is superior to placebo in improving quality of life proven Irritable Bowel Syndrome patients, but in 49 completed the protocol to 1 month and 41 to 3 months.
Eleven of thirty-one (35%) AV patients, and 6 of 27 (22%) placebo patients responded at 1 month (p = 0.763). Diarrhea-predominant patients showed a trend towards a response to treatment at 1 month (10/23 V 2/14, p = 0.07).
9. Skin diseases
Skin disease is defined as a condition of skin damage and is classified according to each pathogenic cause of diseases.
In a systematic review of Aloe vera's clinical effectiveness, topical application of Aloe vera is not an effective preventative for radiation-induced skin injuries but might be effective for genital herpes and psoriasis.
In support of the above, the study by Feily A, Namazi MR. indicated that Topical application of aloe vera is not effective in sunburn or suntan protection, but might be effective in treating genital herpes, psoriasis, human papillomavirus, seborrheic dermatitis, aphthous stomatitis, xerosis, lichen planus, frostbite, burn, wound healing, and inflammation.
References
(1) Aloe barbadensis Mill. formulation restores lipid profile to normal in a letrozole-induced polycystic ovarian syndrome rat Model (PubMed)
(2) ALOE VERA by Gertrude Baldwin, http://www.herballegacy.com/Baldwin_Chemical.html
(3) Aloe vera: a systematic review of its clinical effectiveness. by Vogler BK, Ernst E.(PubMed)
(4) Hypoglycemic and hypolipidemic effects of processed Aloe vera gel in a mouse model of non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus. by Kim K, Kim H, Kwon J, Lee S, Kong H, Im SA, Lee YH, Lee YR, Oh ST, Jo TH, Park YI, Lee CK, Kim K.(PubMed)
(5) Effect of Aloe vera leaves on blood glucose level in type I and type II diabetic rat models.
Okyar A, Can A, Akev N, Baktir G, Sütlüpinar N.(PubMed)(7) Oral aloe vera-induced hepatitis(PubMed)
(8) Oral type II collagen in the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis. A six-month double blind placebo-controlled study(PubMed)(1) Aloe barbadensis Mill. formulation restores lipid profile to normal in a letrozole-induced polycystic ovarian syndrome rat Model (PubMed)
(9) ALOE VERA by Gertrude Baldwin, http://www.herballegacy.com/Baldwin_Chemical.html
(3) Effect of Aloe vera topical gel combined with tretinoin in treatment of mild and moderate acne vulgaris: a randomized, double-blind, prospective trial. by Hajheydari Z, Saeedi M, Morteza-Semnani K, Soltani A.(PubMed)
(10) Innovations in natural ingredients and their use in skin care. by Fowler JF Jr, Woolery-Lloyd H, Waldorf H, Saini R.(PubMed)
(11) Oral aloe vera-induced hepatitis(PubMed)
(12) Oral type II collagen in the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis. A six-month double blind placebo-controlled study(PubMed)(13) Aloe barbadensis Mill. formulation restores lipid profile to normal in a letrozole-induced polycystic ovarian syndrome rat Model (PubMed)
(14) ALOE VERA by Gertrude Baldwin, http://www.herballegacy.com/Baldwin_Chemical.html
(15) Effects of Aloe vera and sucralfate on gastric microcirculatory changes, cytokine levels and gastric ulcer healing in rats, by Eamlamnam K, Patumraj S, Visedopas N, Thong-Ngam D.(PubMed)
(16) Anti-inflammatory effects of Aloe vera on leukocyte-endothelium interaction in the gastric microcirculation of Helicobacter pylori-infected rats by Prabjone R, Thong-Ngam D, Wisedopas N, Chatsuwan T, Patumraj S.(PubMed)
(17) The effect of Aloe vera A. Berger (Liliaceae) on gastric acid secretion and acute gastric mucosal injury in rats by Yusuf S, Agunu A, Diana M.(PubMed)
(18) Polymer fraction of Aloe vera exhibits a protective activity on ethanol-induced gastric lesions.
Park CH, Nam DY, Son HU, Lee SR, Lee HJ, Heo JC, Cha TY, Baek JH, Lee SH.(PubMed)
(19) Aloe barbadensis Mill. formulation restores lipid profile to normal in a letrozole-induced polycystic ovarian syndrome rat Model (PubMed)
(20) ALOE VERA by Gertrude Baldwin, http://www.herballegacy.com/Baldwin_Chemical.html
(21) Potential prevention: Aloe vera mouthwash may reduce radiation-induced oral mucositis in head and neck cancer patients. by Ahmadi A.(PubMed)
(22) Emodin and Aloe-Emodin Suppress Breast Cancer Cell Proliferation through ER α Inhibition.
Huang PH, Huang CY, Chen MC, Lee YT, Yue CH, Wang HY, Lin H.(PubMed)
(23) Growth inhibitory effects of gastric cancer cells with an increase in S phase and alkaline phosphatase activity repression by aloe-emodin. by Guo J, Xiao B, Zhang S, Liu D, Liao Y, Sun Q.(PubMed)
(24) Anticancer effect of aloe-emodin on cervical cancer cells involves G2/M arrest and induction of differentiation. by Guo JM, Xiao BX, Liu Q, Zhang S, Liu DH, Gong ZH.(PubMed)
(25) Oral aloe vera-induced hepatitis(PubMed)
(26) Oral type II collagen in the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis. A six-month double blind placebo-controlled study(PubMed)
(23) Aloe barbadensis Mill. formulation restores lipid profile to normal in a letrozole-induced polycystic ovarian syndrome rat Model (PubMed)
(28) ALOE VERA by Gertrude Baldwin, http://www.herballegacy.com/Baldwin_Chemical.html
(29) Effect of Aloe barbadensis Mill. formulation on Letrozole induced polycystic ovarian syndrome rat model (PubMed)
(30) Effect of a polyphenol-rich extract from Aloe vera gel on experimentally induced insulin resistance in mice (PubMed)
(31) Oral aloe vera-induced hepatitis(PubMed)
(32) Oral type II collagen in the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis. A six-month double blind placebo-controlled study(PubMed)
(33) Aloe barbadensis Mill. formulation restores lipid profile to normal in a letrozole-induced polycystic ovarian syndrome rat Model (PubMed)
(34) ALOE VERA by Gertrude Baldwin, http://www.herballegacy.com/Baldwin_Chemical.html
(35) Aloe vera: It's effect on gingivitis by Ajmera N, Chatterjee A, Goyal V.(PubMed)
(36) A randomized, double-blind clinical study to assess the antiplaque and antigingivitis efficacy of Aloe vera mouth rinse by Chandrahas B, Jayakumar A, Naveen A, Butchibabu K, Reddy PK, Muralikrishna T.(PubMed)
(37) Effect of a dentifrice containing Aloe vera on plaque and gingivitis control. A double-blind clinical study in humans by de Oliveira SM, Torres TC, Pereira SL, Mota OM, Carlos MX.(PubMed)(38) Aloe barbadensis Mill. formulation restores lipid profile to normal in a letrozole-induced polycystic ovarian syndrome rat Model (PubMed)
(39) ALOE VERA by Gertrude Baldwin, http://www.herballegacy.com/Baldwin_Chemical.html
(40) Evaluation of the antipsoriatic activity of Aloe vera leaf extract using a mouse tail model of psoriasis.
Dhanabal SP, Priyanka Dwarampudi L, Muruganantham N, Vadivelan R.(PubMed)
(41)A prospective, randomized clinical trial comparing topical aloe vera with 0.1% triamcinolone acetonide in mild to moderate plaque psoriasis by Choonhakarn C, Busaracome P, Sripanidkulchai B, Sarakarn P.(PubMed)
(42) Aloe vera in dermatology: a brief review by Feily A, Namazi MR.(PubMed)
(43) Oral aloe vera-induced hepatitis(PubMed)
(44) Oral type II collagen in the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis. A six-month double blind placebo-controlled study(PubMed)
(45) Aloe barbadensis Mill. formulation restores lipid profile to normal in a letrozole-induced polycystic ovarian syndrome rat Model (PubMed)
(46) ALOE VERA by Gertrude Baldwin, http://www.herballegacy.com/Baldwin_Chemical.html
(47) Benefit of Aloe vera and Matricaria recutita mixture in rat irritable bowel syndrome: Combination of antioxidant and spasmolytic effects by Asadi-Shahmirzadi A, Mozaffari S, Sanei Y, Baeeri M, Hajiaghaee R, Monsef-Esfahani HR, Abdollahi M.(PubMed)
(48) Randomised double-blind placebo-controlled trial of aloe vera for irritable bowel syndrome.
Davis K, Philpott S, Kumar D, Mendall M.(PubMed)
(49) A Randomised, Cross-Over, Placebo-Controlled Study of Aloe vera in Patients with Irritable Bowel Syndrome: Effects on Patient Quality of Life by Hutchings HA, Wareham K, Baxter JN, Atherton P, Kingham JG, Duane P, Thomas L, Thomas M, Ch'ng CL, Williams JG.(PubMed)(7) Oral aloe vera-induced hepatitis(PubMed)
(50) Oral type II collagen in the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis. A six-month double blind placebo-controlled study(PubMed)
(52) Aloe barbadensis Mill. formulation restores lipid profile to normal in a letrozole-induced polycystic ovarian syndrome rat Model (PubMed)
(53) ALOE VERA by Gertrude Baldwin, http://www.herballegacy.com/Baldwin_Chemical.html
(54) Aloe vera: a systematic review of its clinical effectiveness by Vogler BK, Ernst E. (PubMed)
(55) Aloe vera in dermatology: a brief review. by Feily A, Namazi MR (PubMed).
(56) Oral aloe vera-induced hepatitis(PubMed)
Wednesday, 5 July 2023
The Smoothie Which Promotes #AntiAging Activities, According to Studies
Kyle J. Norton
The finding of foods from natural sources has been a dream of scientists and scholars since ancient times. Socrates Said,” Let foods be your medicine, and let medicine be your foods”. Let all of us exercise the values of the past wisdom to build a letter of living and living health while enjoining these delicious drinks.
Scientists may have found a combination of natural sources with promising potential in foods for the treatment of skin aging, some scientists suggested
The Anti Aging smoothie
Yield: 2 servings (about 8 ounces each)
1/2 cup wolfberry
1 cup avocado and 4-6 ice cubes
1 cup green tea drink (Make from 4 grams(2 tea bags) of green tea, a slice of ginger, and a cup of hot water lipped for 5 minutes, and set aside for cooling to room temperature)
1. Place all ingredients in a blender and puree for about 1 minute
2. Blend on high speed for about 1 minute or until the mixture is thick and the ice is well crushed. Add more green tea drinks if needed
3. Serve immediately.
Skin aging is one of the most visible processes which occurs constantly in our skin organs.
According to the Clinical Centre of Nis, certain plant extracts may have the ability to scavenge free radicals, protect the skin matrix through the inhibition of enzymatic degradation, or to promote collagen synthesis in the skin, affecting skin elasticity and tightness(1).
Wolfberry is the common name for the fruit of two very closely related species, the genus of Lycium, belongings to the family Solanaceae, native to native to southeastern Europe and Asia.
The fruits inhibit anti-aging by improving skin SOD activity, reducing skin MDA contents, and increasing Hyp content activities(2).
On non enzyme glycation in D-galactose induced mouse aging model, achyranthes bidentata polysaccharide (ABP) and Lycium barbarum polysaccharide (LBP) found in wolfberry improved skin aging through superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity(3).
Furthermore, the extreme day cream (EXD) and extreme night treatment (EXN), including wolfberry, attenuated the biological effects of skin photo-damage through the reduction of cell apoptosis in the epidermis of skin organ cultures and pro-inflammatory cytokine(4).
Green tea has been a precious drink in traditional Chinese culture and used exceptionally in socialization for more than 4000 thousand years. Because of their health benefits, green tea has been cultivated for commercial purposes all over the world.
Oxidative damage by reactive oxygen species (ROS) plays a major role in skin aging. Green tea extracted showed to inhibit toxic ROS-induced skin death, through protection from H(2)O(2)-induced necrosis in a dose-dependent manner(10), improvement of the anti-wrinkle effects, through its antioxidant activity(5), skin roughness, through moisturizing effects and enhancement of skin microrelief(6) and inhibition of skin inflammation for managing allergic contact dermatitis without skin toxicity(7).
A combination of topical application of green tea and lotus, exhibited an anti-aging effect on skin roughness (SEr), scaliness (SEsc), smoothness (SEsm), and wrinkling (SEw)(8) and composition of a formulation containing 20 % green tea extract and 5 % rose oil, exhibited a skin barrier function for maintaining skin hydration and protecting against anti-aging process(9).
Avocados are a commercially valuable fruit and are cultivated in tropical climates throughout the world, it is a green-skinned, pear-shaped fruit that ripens after harvesting and is native to the Caribbean, Mexico, South America, and Central America, belongings to the flowering plant family Lauraceae.
Growing rats fed with diets containing 10% (w/w) of the tested avocado oils, showed to increased soluble collagen content due to a result of a consequence of the inhibition of lysyl oxidase activity(11).
In wound healing in rats, after the 14th day of treatment with 50% SSFAO or avocado oil containing rich sources of oleic acid and essential fatty acids, exhibited a significant increase in percentage wound contraction and reepithelialization(12).
In Exposing skin to ultraviolet (UV) radiation, unique lipid molecules, polyhydroxylated fatty alcohols (PFA), extracted from avocado, reduced significantly UV-induced cellular damage, through increasing cell viability, decreased the secretion of IL-6, a pro-inflammatory cytokine and an anti-inflammatory myokine in mediated the inflammation process(13).
Taken together, we should all drink this smoothie as much as we can to prevent the early onset of aging. Diet and lifestyle changes are also recommended.
Natural Medicine for Fatty Liver And Obesity Reversal - The Revolutionary Findings To Achieve Optimal Health And Loose Weight
Ovarian Cysts And PCOS Elimination
Holistic System In Existence That Will Show You How To
Permanently Eliminate All Types of Ovarian Cysts Within 2 Months
Back to Kyle J. Norton's Home page http://kylejnorton.blogspot.ca
References
(1) Skin aging: natural weapons and strategies by Binic I1, Lazarevic V, Ljubenovic M, Mojsa J, Sokolovic D.(PubMed)
(2) A study of Lycium barbarum polysaccharides (LBP) extraction technology and its anti-aging effect by Yi R1, Liu XM, Dong Q.(PubMed)
(3) Inhibiting effects of Achyranthes bidentata polysaccharide and Lycium barbarum polysaccharide on non enzyme glycation in D-galactose induced mouse aging model by Deng HB1, Cui DP, Jiang JM, Feng YC, Cai NS, Li DD. (PubMed)
(4) Photo-damage protective effect of two facial products, containing a unique complex of Dead Sea minerals and Himalayan actives by Wineman E1, Portugal-Cohen M, Soroka Y, Cohen D, Schlippe G, Voss W, Brenner S, Milner Y, Hai N, Ma’or Z.(PubMed)
(5) Tannase-converted green tea catechins and their anti-wrinkle activity in humans by Hong YH1, Jung EY, Shin KS, Yu KW, Chang UJ, Suh HJ. (PubMed)
(6) The use of green tea extract in cosmetic formulations: not only an antioxidant active ingredient by Gianeti MD1, Mercurio DG, Campos PM. (PubMed)
(7) Human skin safety test of green tea cell extracts in a condition of allergic contact dermatitis by Kim HK1, Choi SY, Chang HK, Baek SY, Chung JO, Rha CS, Kim BJ, Kim MN. (PubMed)
(8) Combined topical application of lotus and green tea improves facial skin-surface parameters by Mahmood T1, Akhtar N.(PubMed)
(9) Design and in vivo evaluation of emulgel formulations including green tea extract and rose oil by Yapar EA, Ynal O, Erdal MS.(PubMed)
(10) Green tea extract protects human skin fibroblasts from reactive oxygen species induced necrosis by Silverberg JI1, Jagdeo J, Patel M, Siegel D, Brody N.(PubMed)(11) The effect of various avocado oils on skin collagen metabolism by Werman MJ1, Mokady S, Nimni ME, Neeman I.(PubMed)
(12) Effect of semisolid formulation of persea americana mill (avocado) oil on wound healing in rats by de Oliveira AP1, Franco Ede S, Rodrigues Barreto R, Cordeiro DP, de Melo RG, de Aquino CM, E Silva AA, de Medeiros PL, da Silva TG, Góes AJ, Maia MB. (PubMed)
(13) Polyhydroxylated fatty alcohols derived from avocado suppress inflammatory response and provide non-sunscreen protection against UV-induced damage in skin cells by Rosenblat G1, Meretski S, Segal J, Tarshis M, Schroeder A, Zanin-Zhorov A, Lion G, Ingber A, Hochberg M.(PubMed)
The finding of foods from natural sources has been a dream of scientists and scholars since ancient times. Socrates Said,” Let foods be your medicine, and let medicine be your foods”. Let all of us exercise the values of the past wisdom to build a letter of living and living health while enjoining these delicious drinks.
Scientists may have found a combination of natural sources with promising potential in foods for the treatment of skin aging, some scientists suggested
The Anti Aging smoothie
Yield: 2 servings (about 8 ounces each)
1/2 cup wolfberry
1 cup avocado and 4-6 ice cubes
1 cup green tea drink (Make from 4 grams(2 tea bags) of green tea, a slice of ginger, and a cup of hot water lipped for 5 minutes, and set aside for cooling to room temperature)
1. Place all ingredients in a blender and puree for about 1 minute
2. Blend on high speed for about 1 minute or until the mixture is thick and the ice is well crushed. Add more green tea drinks if needed
3. Serve immediately.
Skin aging is one of the most visible processes which occurs constantly in our skin organs.
According to the Clinical Centre of Nis, certain plant extracts may have the ability to scavenge free radicals, protect the skin matrix through the inhibition of enzymatic degradation, or to promote collagen synthesis in the skin, affecting skin elasticity and tightness(1).
Wolfberry is the common name for the fruit of two very closely related species, the genus of Lycium, belongings to the family Solanaceae, native to native to southeastern Europe and Asia.
The fruits inhibit anti-aging by improving skin SOD activity, reducing skin MDA contents, and increasing Hyp content activities(2).
On non enzyme glycation in D-galactose induced mouse aging model, achyranthes bidentata polysaccharide (ABP) and Lycium barbarum polysaccharide (LBP) found in wolfberry improved skin aging through superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity(3).
Furthermore, the extreme day cream (EXD) and extreme night treatment (EXN), including wolfberry, attenuated the biological effects of skin photo-damage through the reduction of cell apoptosis in the epidermis of skin organ cultures and pro-inflammatory cytokine(4).
Green tea has been a precious drink in traditional Chinese culture and used exceptionally in socialization for more than 4000 thousand years. Because of their health benefits, green tea has been cultivated for commercial purposes all over the world.
Oxidative damage by reactive oxygen species (ROS) plays a major role in skin aging. Green tea extracted showed to inhibit toxic ROS-induced skin death, through protection from H(2)O(2)-induced necrosis in a dose-dependent manner(10), improvement of the anti-wrinkle effects, through its antioxidant activity(5), skin roughness, through moisturizing effects and enhancement of skin microrelief(6) and inhibition of skin inflammation for managing allergic contact dermatitis without skin toxicity(7).
A combination of topical application of green tea and lotus, exhibited an anti-aging effect on skin roughness (SEr), scaliness (SEsc), smoothness (SEsm), and wrinkling (SEw)(8) and composition of a formulation containing 20 % green tea extract and 5 % rose oil, exhibited a skin barrier function for maintaining skin hydration and protecting against anti-aging process(9).
Avocados are a commercially valuable fruit and are cultivated in tropical climates throughout the world, it is a green-skinned, pear-shaped fruit that ripens after harvesting and is native to the Caribbean, Mexico, South America, and Central America, belongings to the flowering plant family Lauraceae.
Growing rats fed with diets containing 10% (w/w) of the tested avocado oils, showed to increased soluble collagen content due to a result of a consequence of the inhibition of lysyl oxidase activity(11).
In wound healing in rats, after the 14th day of treatment with 50% SSFAO or avocado oil containing rich sources of oleic acid and essential fatty acids, exhibited a significant increase in percentage wound contraction and reepithelialization(12).
In Exposing skin to ultraviolet (UV) radiation, unique lipid molecules, polyhydroxylated fatty alcohols (PFA), extracted from avocado, reduced significantly UV-induced cellular damage, through increasing cell viability, decreased the secretion of IL-6, a pro-inflammatory cytokine and an anti-inflammatory myokine in mediated the inflammation process(13).
Taken together, we should all drink this smoothie as much as we can to prevent the early onset of aging. Diet and lifestyle changes are also recommended.
Natural Medicine for Fatty Liver And Obesity Reversal - The Revolutionary Findings To Achieve Optimal Health And Loose Weight
Ovarian Cysts And PCOS Elimination
Holistic System In Existence That Will Show You How To
Permanently Eliminate All Types of Ovarian Cysts Within 2 Months
Back to Kyle J. Norton's Home page http://kylejnorton.blogspot.ca
References
(1) Skin aging: natural weapons and strategies by Binic I1, Lazarevic V, Ljubenovic M, Mojsa J, Sokolovic D.(PubMed)
(2) A study of Lycium barbarum polysaccharides (LBP) extraction technology and its anti-aging effect by Yi R1, Liu XM, Dong Q.(PubMed)
(3) Inhibiting effects of Achyranthes bidentata polysaccharide and Lycium barbarum polysaccharide on non enzyme glycation in D-galactose induced mouse aging model by Deng HB1, Cui DP, Jiang JM, Feng YC, Cai NS, Li DD. (PubMed)
(4) Photo-damage protective effect of two facial products, containing a unique complex of Dead Sea minerals and Himalayan actives by Wineman E1, Portugal-Cohen M, Soroka Y, Cohen D, Schlippe G, Voss W, Brenner S, Milner Y, Hai N, Ma’or Z.(PubMed)
(5) Tannase-converted green tea catechins and their anti-wrinkle activity in humans by Hong YH1, Jung EY, Shin KS, Yu KW, Chang UJ, Suh HJ. (PubMed)
(6) The use of green tea extract in cosmetic formulations: not only an antioxidant active ingredient by Gianeti MD1, Mercurio DG, Campos PM. (PubMed)
(7) Human skin safety test of green tea cell extracts in a condition of allergic contact dermatitis by Kim HK1, Choi SY, Chang HK, Baek SY, Chung JO, Rha CS, Kim BJ, Kim MN. (PubMed)
(8) Combined topical application of lotus and green tea improves facial skin-surface parameters by Mahmood T1, Akhtar N.(PubMed)
(9) Design and in vivo evaluation of emulgel formulations including green tea extract and rose oil by Yapar EA, Ynal O, Erdal MS.(PubMed)
(10) Green tea extract protects human skin fibroblasts from reactive oxygen species induced necrosis by Silverberg JI1, Jagdeo J, Patel M, Siegel D, Brody N.(PubMed)(11) The effect of various avocado oils on skin collagen metabolism by Werman MJ1, Mokady S, Nimni ME, Neeman I.(PubMed)
(12) Effect of semisolid formulation of persea americana mill (avocado) oil on wound healing in rats by de Oliveira AP1, Franco Ede S, Rodrigues Barreto R, Cordeiro DP, de Melo RG, de Aquino CM, E Silva AA, de Medeiros PL, da Silva TG, Góes AJ, Maia MB. (PubMed)
(13) Polyhydroxylated fatty alcohols derived from avocado suppress inflammatory response and provide non-sunscreen protection against UV-induced damage in skin cells by Rosenblat G1, Meretski S, Segal J, Tarshis M, Schroeder A, Zanin-Zhorov A, Lion G, Ingber A, Hochberg M.(PubMed)
The Coffee #HealthBenefits, According to Studies
Kyle J. Norton
Coffee, emerging as a popular and social beverage all over the world, particularly in the West, is a drink made from roast beans from the Coffea plant, native to tropical Africa and Madagascar.
Recent studies suggested that coffee may process various health benefits through its antioxidants and caffeine activities.
(For health benefits from 1-11, do to this link https://kylejnorton.blogspot.ca/2018/03/intake-of-roasted-bean-coffee-beverage.html)
12. Ulcerative Colitis
Epidemiological studies do not agree that intake of coffee and coffee caffeine regularly may have a profound effect in attenuating the risk of ulcerative colitis.
Coffee, a popular and social beverage all over the world, particularly in the West, is a drink made from roast beans from the Coffea plant, native to tropical Africa and Madagascar.
Ulcerative colitis is an inflammatory bowel disease characterized by long-lasting inflammation and ulcers (sores) in the digestive tract.
In the reviewed study of a total of 442 patients, 73% regularly consume coffee. 96% of patients attributing a positive and 91% of patients attributing no impact of coffee intake on IBD regularly drink coffee and surprisingly even 49% of those patients assign a negative impact on disease symptoms, researchers at the University Hospital Zurich found that most patients with IBD showed a coffee drinking habit and addressed that coffee has helped modifying symptoms of the disease.
Other in the total of 81 UC patients recruited at all stages of the disease process, after completion of a 7 d diet diary, Caffeine, and decaffeinated coffee showed a clinical significance in reduced risk of UC and may be considered a functional food included in the potentially therapeutic diet.
Dr. Magee EA, the lead author said, " ......decaffeinated coffee was associated with a better clinical state than the caffeine-containing version".
Contrastively, in the investigation of a population-based, case-control study of the risk of ulcerative colitis associated with coffee and alcohol use among the 304,000 members of a prepaid health plan, coffee expressed no association with either amount of coffee consumed daily, or cumulative coffee consumption before the disease onset and altered the risk of developing ulcerative colitis.
13. Melanoma, Particularly in People with Altered GSTM1 and GSTT1 Gene
Intake of coffee regularly may have a positive effect in reducing the risk of Melanoma, particularly in healthy people with alternated genes GSTM1 and GSTT1 expression, a renowned institute study suggested.
Melanoma is a type of malignant skin cancer caused by DNA damage, most often caused by ultraviolet radiation from sunshine or tanning beds inducing irregular growth of skin cells.
Coffee, becoming a popular and social beverage all over the world, particularly in the West, is a drink made from roast beans from the Coffea plant, native to tropical Africa and Madagascar.
According to the Istituto Dermopatico dell'Immacolata, compared to low coffee intake, high frequency of coffee drinking (>once daily) with ≤7 times weekly, showed a significantly lower risk of melanoma.
Interestingly, in the group of people with GSTM1 and GSTT1 null polymorphisms(altered gene expression) subjects, coffees showed an extremely high protective effect against forming of Melanoma.
Also in the searching of PubMed and EMBASE databases from the earliest available online indexing year to March 2017 for a dose-response meta-analysis on prospective cohort studies, researchers at the Jagiellonian University Medical College, insisted that linear dose-dependent are associated to the development of melanoma risk and total coffee consumption.
The risk of melanoma is reduced by 3% for every cup of coffee intake per day.
Dr. Micek A, the lead author in the joint study said, "(According to) a total of seven studies eligible for meta-analysis were identified that comprised 1,418,779 participants and 9211 melanoma cases,......coffee intake may be inversely associated with incidence of melanoma".
Further in the demonstration of 2 case-control studies (846 MM patients and 843 controls) and five cohort studies (including 844,246 participants and 5,737 MM cases), compared the lower and higher caffeine intake daily, caffeinated coffee showed a pooled relative risk (RR) of 0.81.
Risk of additional cups of coffee caffeine consumption, a relatively odd ratio of the risk of melanoma decreased by 0.955
Importantly, the study found no correlated and linear dose-dependent of decaffeinated coffee and risk of melanoma regardless of the volume of daily intake in teasing subjects.
14. Breast Cancer Selectively
Recent studies suggested that coffee and coffee caffeine may have a potential effect in reducing the risk and treatment of breast cancer, selectively.
The review of literature from the database of PubMed with the selection of 37 published articles, involving 59,018 breast cancer cases and 966,263 participants, suggested that
1. There is no significant association between coffee and coffee caffeine intake and breast cancer risk
2. Post-menopause women drinking coffee daily and regularly have a reduced risk of breast cancer developing.
3. Women who are BRCA1 mutation carriers showed a positive risk of breast cancer from coffee intake
The study also indicated that for additional cups of coffee consumed risk of breast cancer decreased by 2% and 1% for every 200mg/day increment in caffeine intake.
Contrastively, in a case-control analysis of 1,690 women with a BRCA1 or BRCA2 mutation from 40 centers in 4 countries. to determine coffee and coffee caffeine intake against the risk of breast cancer, returned a self-administered questionnaire. showed a significant correlation between coffee intake in elevated breast cancer risk.
Women with breast cancer in BRCA carriers who habitually drank 0, 1-3, 4-5, and 6 or more cups of coffee showed a relative risk odd ratio of 1.00, 0.90, 0.75, and 0.31, respectively.
The finding of a relatively odd ratio suggested that the risk of breast cancer was reduced in this group of women linearly to the number of coffee and coffee caffeine consumed daily.
Dr, Jiang W, lead author said, " (According to the findings) women with BRCA gene mutation, coffee consumption is unlikely to be harmful and that high levels of consumption may in fact be related to reduced breast cancer risk"
Interestingly, the investigated the common A to C polymorphism in the CYP1A2 gene associated with decreased enzyme inducibility and impaired caffeine metabolism of caffeine to examine the risk of breast cancer in BRCA1 mutation carriers of 411 BRCA1 mutation carriers (170 cases and 241 controls) researchers at the University of Toronto found that risk of breast cancer decreases significantly by 64% in BRCA1 mutation carriers with at least one C polymorphism in the CYP1A2 gene but not in CYP1A2 AA group in compared to women who never consumed coffee.
15. Depression
Epidemiological studies do not agree that coffee and coffee caffeine have a positive effect in reduced depression, a review literature study suggested.
Depression is a normal neuro response as part of our daily lives such as the loss of s job, the death of a loved one, and illness.
Over 30 million Americans suffer from depression and the amounts are increasing at an alarming rate.
According to the University of Naples Federico II, over 2 decades, many studies addressed the concerns of coffee intake may have an implication for the incidence of depression, but several phytochemical studies indicated a different outcome as caffeine and certain major phytoconstituents exhibited antidepressant effects through multiple molecular mechanisms.
Dr. Tenore GC, the lead researcher said, "Coffee can be considered a drink which has different positive effects on human health such as cardioprotective, neuroprotective, hepatoprotective, nephroprotective, etc. However, heavy coffee consumption may be related to some unpleasant symptoms, mainly anxiety, headache, increased blood pressure, nausea, and restlessness".
Contrastively, caffeine in coffee showed a strong inverse association in cases of postpartum depression and comorbid panic disorder.
Other researchers in the search for the efficacy of coffee and risk of depression through database from PubMed and PsychINFO insisted that although literature data are conflicting, caffeine found in coffee indicated a significantly reduced effect on symptoms of clinical depression.
Additionally, in a cross-sectional study of 10,177 Korean individuals aged 20-97 years with a prevalence of self-reported depression of 14.0%, and of self-reported clinical depression of 3.7%. participated in the fifth Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. to determine the effect of the consumption of coffee and the risk of depression, after adjusting to other factors, returned survey from patients, can be cataloged into the following
For general depression
1. The relative odd ratio of patients drinking less than one cup/week was 0.84
2. The relative odd ratio of patients drinking one to six cups/week was 0.63
3. The relative odd ratio of patients drinking for one cup/day was 0.69
4. The relative odd ratio of patients drinking for two cups/day was 0.54
5. The relative odd ratio of patients drinking for three or more cups/day was .58
For clinical depression, similar observations also have been recorded
1. The relative odd ratio of patients drinking less than one cup/week was 1.00
2. The relative odd ratio of patients drinking one to six cups/week was 0.51
3. The relative odd ratio of patients drinking for one cup/day was 0.57
4. The relative odd ratio of patients drinking for two cups/day was 0.57
5. The relative odd ratio of patients drinking for three or more cups/day was 0.41
The findings although not linearly, coffee and coffee caffeine intake expressed a protective effect in ameliorating the risk of depression.
16. Obesity
Obesity is a medical condition of excess body fat accumulated over time. According to the Body Mass Index(BMI), a BMI of over 30 is an indication of obesity.
According to the joint study led by the National Taiwan University, the efficacy of coffee in reduced risk and management of obesity over the last 10 years of research, may be attributed to
1. decrease lipid accumulation in cells via the regulation of the cell cycle in fat tissue
2. improved fat metabolic formation in both protein and transcription factors expression
According to animal studies.
In humans, it is the result of decreased body weight and visceral fat stored within the abdominal cavity.
Furthermore, the study also expressed the importance of coffee intake in influencing the gut microbiota in obese animals and humans.
Additionally, in the evaluation of possible lipid catabolism and body fat regulation effects of 3-caffeoylquinic acid in Green coffee bean extract (GCBE) in high-fat diet (HFD)-induced obese mice fed with only HFD or HFD with GCBE at 50, 100, and 200 mg/kg, respectively, researchers filed the following results
1. GCBE treated group showed a significantly decreased body weight gain, and liver, and white adipose tissue weights, but importantly intake of coffee also regulated adipose tissue lipolysis hormones in breaking down fat accumulation.
2. The efficacy of the treatment group in reduced obesity risk may also benefit the decreased mRNA expression levels of adipogenesis and adipocyte metabolism in both gene and protein expression.
3. Compared to other treated groups, GCBE-treated mice displayed a lower fat mass and relative body weight and decreased fat mass.
More importantly, in the review of papers from in vivo, ex vivo, and in vitro experimental studies in animals and human tissues as well as wide population-based epidemiological studies in the last 10 years, researchers at the joint study led by the South University School of Pharmacy said, " there are mounting evidence of the reduced risk of developing type 2 diabetes by regular coffee drinkers of 3-4 cups a day. The effects are likely due to the presence of chlorogenic acids and caffeine, the two constituents of coffee in higher concentration after the roasting process".
17. Metabolic Syndrome
Metabolic Syndrome is a group of risk factors associated with the development of cardiovascular disease and type 2 diabetes, including high blood pressure, abnormally high blood cholesterol, and triglyceride levels,.....
A joint study by respectable institutes suggested that intake of coffee and coffee caffeine daily and regularly may associate with an attenuated risk of metabolic syndrome.
According to the searching of the database from f PubMed and the China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI) for relevant articles published between 1 January 1999 and 31 May 2015, including 11 published reports and 13 studies with a total of 159,805 participants were eligible for our meta-analysis, the relative odd risk ratio of metabolic syndrome between the highest vs lowest category of coffee consumption was 0.872
The review also observed a nonlinear relationship between coffee and coffee caffeine consumption in ameliorated risk of metabolic syndrome, by dose-response analysis.
Additionally, in a cross-sectional population-based survey of 8,821 adults (51.4% female) conducted in Krakow, Poland. to evaluate the coffee and tea consumption and risk of metabolic syndrome, using food frequency questionnaires, observation of the questionnaire returned from participants expressed an interesting association between high coffee consumption of 3 cups and the clusters of lower BMI, waist circumference, systolic and diastolic blood pressure, triglycerides, and higher HDL cholesterol than those drinking less than 1 cup/day.
The study apparently indicated that people drinking 3 cups of coffee daily and regularly have a favorably ameliorated risk of metabolic syndrome even after adjusting for potential confounding factors.
More importantly, the study also pointed out that high coffee consumption was negatively associated with waist circumference, hypertension, and triglycerides in women but not in men.
Furthermore, in the animal evaluation of the effect of coffee drinking on clinical markers of diabetes and metabolic syndrome in Zucker rats including Diabetic Zucker rats with metabolic syndrome and control Zucker rats, researchers at the Fluminense Federal Institute postulated that after animals received daily doses of coffee drink by gavage for 30 days, coffee consumption expressed a decreased risk of metabolic syndrome in reduced serum glucose, total cholesterol, and triglycerides in compared to non-treatment group.
Dr. Abrahão SA, the lead researcher said, "The results demonstrate that treatment with roasted coffee drink, because of its hypoglycemic and hypolipidemic effect, is efficient in the protection of animals with metabolic syndrome and diabetes mellitus type 2".
18. Gallstone and Gallstone Diseases
Epidemiological studies, linking coffee consumption to reduced risk of gallstone, but not gallstone disease have been contradictory.
Gallstone is a stone formed within the gallbladder out of bile components as a result of the building up of undissolved cholesterol over a prolonged period of time.
In the review of 174 cases of gallstones determined by ultrasonography, 104 cases of postcholecystectomy, and 6889 controls of the normal gallbladder in a total of 7637 men received a health examination at four hospitals of the Self-Defense Forces (SDF) with 174 cases of prevalent gallstones, 50 had been aware of having gallstones, researchers found that coffee and coffee caffeine drinkers express a high risk of gallstone incidence in compared to non-drinkers.
In this group of middle-aged Japanese men, the relative odds ratio of gallstone disease is 1.7 for coffee consumption of five cups or more per day vs. no consumption and 2.2 for caffeine intake of 300 mg/day or more vs. less than 100 mg/day.
Obviously, these findings contradicted other studies in support of the risk of gallstones reduced by coffee and caffeine intake, including the study conducted by the Harvard School of Public Health.
Other, in the review literature of database from PubMed and EMBASE of all published studies before June 2015 researchers at The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University files the following results
1. Coffee intake regularly and daily had a significantly reduced risk of gallstone disease, in related females, but not in males. based on prospective studies.2. For patients drinking one cup of coffee per day, the risk of gallstone disease was 0.95
3. For patients drinking 2, 4, and 6 cups of coffee per day, the estimated RRs of gallstone disease reduced to 0.89 (95% CI, 0.79 to 0.99), 0.81, and .75 respectively.
4, Coffee intake showed a linear association with ameliorated risk of gallstone diseases.
Interestingly, in a cohort of 80,898 women aged 34-59 years in 1980 who had no history of gallstone disease, during 20 years of follow-up, researchers filed the below results
1. Compared to non-caffeine coffee drinkers women, the multivariate relative risks of gallstone disease with cholecystectomy in compared to a consistent intake of caffeinated coffee (0, 1, 2-3, and > or =4 cups/day) were 1.0, 0.91, 0.78, and 0.72 respectively.
2. Coffee caffeine intake was inversely associated with the risk of cholecystectomy.
3. Caffeine intake (< or =25, 26-100, 101-200, 201-400, 401-800, and >800 mg/day) is linearly associated with a reduced risk of gallstone disease with the multivariate relative ratio of 1.0, 1.03, 1.01, 0.94, 0.85, and 0.85 4. Decaffeinated coffee was not associated with risk.
19. Menopause Symptoms
Menopause is a natural and biological progression of women at a certain age. The reduced hormone levels of the inaction of ovaries induced menstruation stop and a set of symptoms
A study conducted by a renowned institute suggested that coffee and coffee caffeine may have a potential effect in reducing the severity of some menopause symptoms and elevation of others.
In a cross-sectional survey conducted using the Menopause Health Questionnaire, completed by 2,507 consecutive women with menopausal concerns at the Women's Health Clinic at Mayo Clinic (Rochester, MN) between July 25, 2005, and July 25, 2011, caffeine intake in participants showed a greater positive effect in expression of the vasomotor symptom of menopause women in compared to non-drinkers group.
Other, in a cross-sectional study of a community-based sample of 243 women with vasomotor symptoms to evaluate the menopause symptoms of hot flashes (HF) and night sweats (NS) in symptomatic middle-aged women, intake of coffee showed elevated symptoms of hot flashes (HF) and night sweats (NS) in compared to nondrinkers.
And caffeine intake also is found as one of predictors in exhibited both hot flashes (HF) and night sweats (NS) in the same study group.
But in the animal model, according to the behavioral tests and oxidative stress parameters in ovariectomized mice, caffeine intake also showed a significant in reduced symptoms of anxiety induced by oxidative stress.
Administration of low doses of caffeine, for a short period of time, may be a new therapeutic approach to modulate the oxidative stress and anxiety in menopause, the "Iuliu Hatieganu" University of Medicine and Pharmacy postulated.
There is no doubt that the study addresses a significantly inverse association in reduced risk of gallstone disease among coffee drinkers linearly.
20. Esophageal Cancer
Intake of coffee regularly may have a profound effect in reduced risk of cancers, a recent study proposed.
Cancer is a group of diseases characterized by irregular cell growth in any tissue and organ in the body.
According to the joint study led by the Università degli Studi di Milano-Bicocca, the consumption of healthy foods, particularly coffee rich in polyphenols might have a substantial influence in reducing the prevalence of cancer incidence.
Coffee extract with high chlorogenic acids (CGAs) exhibited beneficial biological effects in ameliorating the risk of cancer through anti-inflammatory activity and anti-carcinogenic activity.
In Ras-dependent breast cancer cell line MDA-MB-231, CGAs also displayed a molecular basis of the activity and chemoprotective in the induction of cell apoptosis.
Furthermore, in the review of literature in an expression of the association between total, caffeinated, and decaffeinated coffee consumption and melanoma risk in a dose-response meta-analysis on prospective cohort studies by searching the database of PubMed and Embase, researchers indicated, seven studies eligible for meta-analysis, comprised 1,418,779 participants and 9211 melanoma cases. caffeine attenuated melanoma risk with a linear dose-response association between total coffee consumption.
Prevalence risk of melanoma is reduced by 3% for an additional cup of coffee intake per day. Dr. Micek A, the lead author said, "Coffee intake may be inversely associated with the incidence of melanoma".
In further demonstrated coffee and coffee caffeine in ameliorated risk of cancer, the Cox proportional hazards regression was used to estimate multivariable-adjusted hazard ratios (HR) for coffee consumption associated with death from all cancers combined and from specific cancer types among 922,896 Cancer with 1982 as a baseline, researchers at joint study lead by the American Cancer Society found that only smokers showed a non-linear association between coffee consumption and all-cancer death but not in never smokers.
Among non-smokers, drinking 2 cups/day or more showed a significant inverse associated with death from colorectal, head and neck, and female breast cancers, but positively associated with esophageal cancer death.
21. Stroke, Particularly in Women
A stroke is a medical condition characterized by interrupted blood supply, thus reducing oxygen and nutrient delivery to the brain, resulting in the death of brain cells.
Intake of coffee and coffee caffeine may have a profound effect in reducing the risk of stroke incidence, a renowned institute study suggested.
In a third National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (1988-1994; NHANES III) data to examine coffee consumption and stroke with participants aged ≥17 years old, researchers found that
coffee intake of this population showed a significant inverse association to stroke risk incidence, regardless to smoke status.
Interestingly, the study also discovered that frequent coffee drinkers displayed less occurrence of heart failure, diabetes, and hypertension but the risk of high cholesterol for those consuming ≥3 cups per day.
Dr. Liebeskind DS, the lead author said, "Heavier daily coffee consumption is associated with decreased stroke prevalence" and ". Multivariate analyses revealed an independent effect of heavier coffee consumption (≥3 cups/day) on reduced stroke".
Furthermore, in an analyzed data from a prospective cohort of 83,076 women in the Nurses' Health Study without a history of stroke, coronary heart disease, diabetes, or cancer at baseline, with coffee consumption assessed first in 1980, then repeatedly every 2 to 4 years, and follow-up through 2004, researchers at the Harvard School of Public Health filed the following results
1. The relative risk ratio of stroke in participant's coffee consumption (<1 cup per month, 1 per month to 4 per week, 5 to 7 per week, 2 to 3 per day, and >or=4 per day) were 1, 0.98, 0.88, 0.81, and 0.80 repetitively.
2. Intake of coffee and coffee caffeine daily and regularly showed a significantly positive effect in reduced stroke risk after taking to count of other favors, including high blood pressure, hypercholesterolemia, and type 2 diabetes.
3. Risk of stroke is also associated stronger correlation among never and past smokers (RR for >or=4 cups a day versus <1 cup a month, 0.57) than among current smokers (RR for >or=4 cups a day versus <1 cup a month, 0.97).
4. Decaffeinated coffee intake also was associated with a trend in lower risk of stroke after adjustment for caffeinated coffee consumption.
5. Caffeine consumption of other beverage do not associate to risk or reduced risk of stroke.
The findings suggested that long-term coffee consumption was not associated with the risk of stroke but modestly reduce the risk of stroke.
Promisingly, an Asian study of data obtained from the Health Examinees (HEXA) Study, involving 146,830 individuals aged 40-69 years demonstrated that high coffee consumption was associated with a 38% lower odds ratio for stroke in women compared to (none drinkers vs. ≥ 3 cups/day drinkers in women but not in men.
The expression of coffee intake in reduced risk of stroke was also found greater in women who are healthy, younger, non-obese, non-hypertensive, non-diabetic, non-smokers, and non-alcohol drinkers.
22. Primary sclerosing cholangitis
A recent study suggested that coffee and caffeine consumption may be associated with a reduced risk of primary sclerosing cholangitis
Primary sclerosing cholangitis (PSC) is a medical condition of inflammation and obliterative fibrosis of the bile ducts.
In the study of 606 patients with primary biliary cirrhosis (PBC), 480 with primary sclerosing cholangitis (PSC), and 564 healthy volunteers acted as controls, researchers filed the following results
1. 24% of patients with PSC had never drunk coffee compared to 16% of controls.
2. Patients with PSC also consumed fewer lifetime cups per month and spent a smaller percentage of their lifetime drinking coffee compared to healthy adults.
Based on this information, Dr.Lammert C, the lead author opinionated, coffee consumption is lower among patients with PSC, compared with controls.
Additionally, In patients with PSC, recruited from Oslo University Hospital Rikshospitalet in Norway through 2011, randomly chosen from the Norwegian Bone Marrow Donor Registry (control subjects) of 240 patients with PSC and 245 control subjects also indicated a similar conclusion as follows
1. In comparison to the control, PSC patients showed a lower daily drinking coffee habit at the time of study and at the age of 18 years observed in men.
2. Every daily coffee drinker at the age of 18 years was independently and negatively associated with PSC.
These results showed that coffee intake may have a profound effect on protection against the development of PSC.
Taking all together, coffee and coffee caffeine may be considered as a functional beverage for improvement of a number of health benefits far more than those mentioned through its antioxidant properties and caffeine contents. Finally, if you are a coffee lover, as always, we recommended that you do not add sugar and high-fat dairy creams to your drinks.
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Biography
Kyle J. Norton, Master of Nutrition
Health article writer and researcher; Over 10.000 articles and research papers have been written and published online, including worldwide health, ezine articles, article base, health blogs, self-growth, best before it's news, the Karate GB Daily, etc.,.
Named TOP 50 MEDICAL ESSAYS FOR ARTISTS & AUTHORS TO READ by Disilgold.com Named 50 of the best health Tweeters Canada - Huffington Post
Nominated for shorty award over last 4 years
Some articles have been used as references in medical research, such as the international journal Pharma and Bio Science, ISSN 0975-6299.
Sources
(1) Patients' perceptions on the impact of coffee consumption in inflammatory bowel disease: friend or foe?--a patient survey by Barthel C1,2, Wiegand S3,4, Scharl S5, Scharl M6,7, Frei P8, Vavricka SR9, Fried M10, Sulz MC11,12, Wiegand N13,14, Rogler G15,16, Biedermann L17.(PubMed)
(2) Associations between diet and disease activity in ulcerative colitis patients using a novel method of data analysis by Magee EA1, Edmond LM, Tasker SM, Kong SC, Curno R, Cummings JH. (PubMed)
(3) Coffee and alcohol use and the risk of ulcerative colitis by Boyko EJ1, Perera DR, Koepsell TD, Keane EM, Inui TS.(PubMed)(4) The protective effect of coffee consumption on cutaneous melanoma risk and the role of GSTM1 and GSTT1 polymorphisms by Fortes C1, Mastroeni S, Boffetta P, Antonelli G, Pilla MA, Bottà G, Anzidei P, Venanzetti F.(PubMed)
(5) Caffeinated and decaffeinated coffee consumption and melanoma risk: a dose-response meta-analysis of prospective cohort studies by Micek A1, Godos J2, Lafranconi A3, Marranzano M2, Pajak A1(PubMed).
(6) Coffee and caffeine intake and breast cancer risk: an updated dose-response meta-analysis of 37 published studies by Jiang W1, Wu Y, Jiang X.(PubMed)
(7) Coffee consumption and breast cancer risk among BRCA1 and BRCA2 mutation carriers by Nkondjock A1, Ghadirian P, Kotsopoulos J, Lubinski J, Lynch H, Kim-Sing C, Horsman D, Rosen B, Isaacs C, Weber B, Foulkes W, Ainsworth P, Tung N, Eisen A, Friedman E, Eng C, Sun P, Narod SA.(PubMed)
(8) The CYP1A2 genotype modifies the association between coffee consumption and breast cancer risk among BRCA1 mutation carriers by Kotsopoulos J1, Ghadirian P, El-Sohemy A, Lynch HT, Snyder C, Daly M, Domchek S, Randall S, Karlan B, Zhang P, Zhang S, Sun P, Narod SA.(PubMed)
(9) Coffee and Depression: A Short Review of Literature by Tenore GC1, Daglia M, Orlando V, D'Urso E, Saadat SH, Novellino E, Nabavi SF, Nabavi SM.(PubMed)
(10) [Coffee consumption in depressive disorders: it's not one size fits all].[Article in Italian] by Rusconi AC, Valeriani G, Carluccio GM, Majorana M, Carlone C, Raimondo P, Ripà S, Marino P, Coccanari de Fornari MA, Biondi M.(PubMed)
(11) Molecular mechanisms of the anti-obesity effect of bioactive compounds in tea and coffee by Pan MH1, Tung YC2, Yang G3, Li S3, Ho CT4.(PubMed)
(12) Green coffee bean extract improves obesity by decreasing body fat in high-fat diet-induced obese mice by Choi BK1, Park SB2, Lee DR1, Lee HJ2, Jin YY3, Yang SH4, Suh JW5. (PubMed)
(13) Coffee consumption, obesity, and type 2 diabetes: a mini-review by Santos RM1, Lima DR2.(PubMed)(14) Coffee consumption and risk of the metabolic syndrome: A meta-analysis by Shang F1, Li X1, Jiang X2.(PubMed)
(15) Association of daily coffee and tea consumption and metabolic syndrome: results from the Polish arm of the HAPIEE study by Grosso G1,2, Stepaniak U3, Micek A3, Topor-Mądry R3, Pikhart H4, Szafraniec K3, Pająk A3. (PubMed)
(16) Relation of coffee, green tea, and caffeine intake to gallstone disease in middle-aged Japanese men by Ishizuk H1, Eguchi H, Oda T, Ogawa S, Nakagawa K, Honjo S, Kono S.(PubMed)
(17) Systematic review with meta-analysis: coffee consumption and the risk of gallstone disease by Zhang YP1, Li WQ1, Sun YL1, Zhu RT1, Wang WJ1.(PubMed)
(18) A prospective study of coffee consumption and the risk of symptomatic gallstone disease in men by Leitzmann MF1, Willett WC, Rimm EB, Stampfer MJ, Spiegelman D, Colditz GA, Giovannucci E.(PubMed)
(19) Caffeine and menopausal symptoms: what is the association? by Faubion SS1, Sood R, Thielen JM, Shuster LT. (PubMed)
(20) Perceived control, lifestyle, health, socio-demographic factors, and menopause: impact on hot flashes and night sweats by Pimenta F1, Leal I, Maroco J, Ramos C.(PubMed)
(21) Modulatory effects of caffeine on oxidative stress and anxiety-like behavior in ovariectomized rats by Caravan I1,1, Sevastre Berghian A1,1, Moldovan R1,1, Decea N1,1, Orasan R1,1, Filip GA1,1.(PubMed)
(22) Natural Compounds in Cancer Prevention: Effects of Coffee Extracts and Their Main Polyphenolic Component, 5-O-Caffeoylquinic Acid, on Oncogenic Ras Proteins by Palmioli A1, Ciaramelli C1, Tisi R1,2, Spinelli M1, De Sanctis G1, Sacco E1,3, Airoldi C1,2,3.(PubMed)
(23) Caffeinated and decaffeinated coffee consumption and melanoma risk: a dose-response meta-analysis of prospective cohort studies by Micek A1, Godos J2, Lafranconi A3, Marranzano M2, Pajak A1. (PubMed)
(24) Associations of Coffee Drinking and Cancer Mortality in the Cancer Prevention Study-II by Gapstur SM1, Anderson RL2, Campbell PT2, Jacobs EJ2, Hartman TJ3, Hildebrand JS4, Wang Y2, McCullough ML2.(PubMed)
(25) The coffee paradox in stroke: Increased consumption linked with fewer strokes by Liebeskind DS1, Sanossian N2, Fu KA2, Wang HJ3, Arab L4(PubMed)
(2) Coffee consumption and risk of stroke in women by Lopez-Garcia E1, Rodriguez-Artalejo F, Rexrode KM, Logroscino G, Hu FB, van Dam RM. (PubMed)
(26) Reduced coffee consumption among individuals with primary sclerosing cholangitis but not primary biliary cirrhosis by Lammert C1, Juran BD1, Schlicht E1, Xie X2, Atkinson EJ2, de Andrade M2, Lazaridis KN3.(PubMed)
Coffee, emerging as a popular and social beverage all over the world, particularly in the West, is a drink made from roast beans from the Coffea plant, native to tropical Africa and Madagascar.
Recent studies suggested that coffee may process various health benefits through its antioxidants and caffeine activities.
(For health benefits from 1-11, do to this link https://kylejnorton.blogspot.ca/2018/03/intake-of-roasted-bean-coffee-beverage.html)
12. Ulcerative Colitis
Epidemiological studies do not agree that intake of coffee and coffee caffeine regularly may have a profound effect in attenuating the risk of ulcerative colitis.
Coffee, a popular and social beverage all over the world, particularly in the West, is a drink made from roast beans from the Coffea plant, native to tropical Africa and Madagascar.
Ulcerative colitis is an inflammatory bowel disease characterized by long-lasting inflammation and ulcers (sores) in the digestive tract.
In the reviewed study of a total of 442 patients, 73% regularly consume coffee. 96% of patients attributing a positive and 91% of patients attributing no impact of coffee intake on IBD regularly drink coffee and surprisingly even 49% of those patients assign a negative impact on disease symptoms, researchers at the University Hospital Zurich found that most patients with IBD showed a coffee drinking habit and addressed that coffee has helped modifying symptoms of the disease.
Other in the total of 81 UC patients recruited at all stages of the disease process, after completion of a 7 d diet diary, Caffeine, and decaffeinated coffee showed a clinical significance in reduced risk of UC and may be considered a functional food included in the potentially therapeutic diet.
Dr. Magee EA, the lead author said, " ......decaffeinated coffee was associated with a better clinical state than the caffeine-containing version".
Contrastively, in the investigation of a population-based, case-control study of the risk of ulcerative colitis associated with coffee and alcohol use among the 304,000 members of a prepaid health plan, coffee expressed no association with either amount of coffee consumed daily, or cumulative coffee consumption before the disease onset and altered the risk of developing ulcerative colitis.
13. Melanoma, Particularly in People with Altered GSTM1 and GSTT1 Gene
Intake of coffee regularly may have a positive effect in reducing the risk of Melanoma, particularly in healthy people with alternated genes GSTM1 and GSTT1 expression, a renowned institute study suggested.
Melanoma is a type of malignant skin cancer caused by DNA damage, most often caused by ultraviolet radiation from sunshine or tanning beds inducing irregular growth of skin cells.
Coffee, becoming a popular and social beverage all over the world, particularly in the West, is a drink made from roast beans from the Coffea plant, native to tropical Africa and Madagascar.
According to the Istituto Dermopatico dell'Immacolata, compared to low coffee intake, high frequency of coffee drinking (>once daily) with ≤7 times weekly, showed a significantly lower risk of melanoma.
Interestingly, in the group of people with GSTM1 and GSTT1 null polymorphisms(altered gene expression) subjects, coffees showed an extremely high protective effect against forming of Melanoma.
Also in the searching of PubMed and EMBASE databases from the earliest available online indexing year to March 2017 for a dose-response meta-analysis on prospective cohort studies, researchers at the Jagiellonian University Medical College, insisted that linear dose-dependent are associated to the development of melanoma risk and total coffee consumption.
The risk of melanoma is reduced by 3% for every cup of coffee intake per day.
Dr. Micek A, the lead author in the joint study said, "(According to) a total of seven studies eligible for meta-analysis were identified that comprised 1,418,779 participants and 9211 melanoma cases,......coffee intake may be inversely associated with incidence of melanoma".
Further in the demonstration of 2 case-control studies (846 MM patients and 843 controls) and five cohort studies (including 844,246 participants and 5,737 MM cases), compared the lower and higher caffeine intake daily, caffeinated coffee showed a pooled relative risk (RR) of 0.81.
Risk of additional cups of coffee caffeine consumption, a relatively odd ratio of the risk of melanoma decreased by 0.955
Importantly, the study found no correlated and linear dose-dependent of decaffeinated coffee and risk of melanoma regardless of the volume of daily intake in teasing subjects.
14. Breast Cancer Selectively
Recent studies suggested that coffee and coffee caffeine may have a potential effect in reducing the risk and treatment of breast cancer, selectively.
The review of literature from the database of PubMed with the selection of 37 published articles, involving 59,018 breast cancer cases and 966,263 participants, suggested that
1. There is no significant association between coffee and coffee caffeine intake and breast cancer risk
2. Post-menopause women drinking coffee daily and regularly have a reduced risk of breast cancer developing.
3. Women who are BRCA1 mutation carriers showed a positive risk of breast cancer from coffee intake
The study also indicated that for additional cups of coffee consumed risk of breast cancer decreased by 2% and 1% for every 200mg/day increment in caffeine intake.
Contrastively, in a case-control analysis of 1,690 women with a BRCA1 or BRCA2 mutation from 40 centers in 4 countries. to determine coffee and coffee caffeine intake against the risk of breast cancer, returned a self-administered questionnaire. showed a significant correlation between coffee intake in elevated breast cancer risk.
Women with breast cancer in BRCA carriers who habitually drank 0, 1-3, 4-5, and 6 or more cups of coffee showed a relative risk odd ratio of 1.00, 0.90, 0.75, and 0.31, respectively.
The finding of a relatively odd ratio suggested that the risk of breast cancer was reduced in this group of women linearly to the number of coffee and coffee caffeine consumed daily.
Dr, Jiang W, lead author said, " (According to the findings) women with BRCA gene mutation, coffee consumption is unlikely to be harmful and that high levels of consumption may in fact be related to reduced breast cancer risk"
Interestingly, the investigated the common A to C polymorphism in the CYP1A2 gene associated with decreased enzyme inducibility and impaired caffeine metabolism of caffeine to examine the risk of breast cancer in BRCA1 mutation carriers of 411 BRCA1 mutation carriers (170 cases and 241 controls) researchers at the University of Toronto found that risk of breast cancer decreases significantly by 64% in BRCA1 mutation carriers with at least one C polymorphism in the CYP1A2 gene but not in CYP1A2 AA group in compared to women who never consumed coffee.
15. Depression
Epidemiological studies do not agree that coffee and coffee caffeine have a positive effect in reduced depression, a review literature study suggested.
Depression is a normal neuro response as part of our daily lives such as the loss of s job, the death of a loved one, and illness.
Over 30 million Americans suffer from depression and the amounts are increasing at an alarming rate.
According to the University of Naples Federico II, over 2 decades, many studies addressed the concerns of coffee intake may have an implication for the incidence of depression, but several phytochemical studies indicated a different outcome as caffeine and certain major phytoconstituents exhibited antidepressant effects through multiple molecular mechanisms.
Dr. Tenore GC, the lead researcher said, "Coffee can be considered a drink which has different positive effects on human health such as cardioprotective, neuroprotective, hepatoprotective, nephroprotective, etc. However, heavy coffee consumption may be related to some unpleasant symptoms, mainly anxiety, headache, increased blood pressure, nausea, and restlessness".
Contrastively, caffeine in coffee showed a strong inverse association in cases of postpartum depression and comorbid panic disorder.
Other researchers in the search for the efficacy of coffee and risk of depression through database from PubMed and PsychINFO insisted that although literature data are conflicting, caffeine found in coffee indicated a significantly reduced effect on symptoms of clinical depression.
Additionally, in a cross-sectional study of 10,177 Korean individuals aged 20-97 years with a prevalence of self-reported depression of 14.0%, and of self-reported clinical depression of 3.7%. participated in the fifth Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. to determine the effect of the consumption of coffee and the risk of depression, after adjusting to other factors, returned survey from patients, can be cataloged into the following
For general depression
1. The relative odd ratio of patients drinking less than one cup/week was 0.84
2. The relative odd ratio of patients drinking one to six cups/week was 0.63
3. The relative odd ratio of patients drinking for one cup/day was 0.69
4. The relative odd ratio of patients drinking for two cups/day was 0.54
5. The relative odd ratio of patients drinking for three or more cups/day was .58
For clinical depression, similar observations also have been recorded
1. The relative odd ratio of patients drinking less than one cup/week was 1.00
2. The relative odd ratio of patients drinking one to six cups/week was 0.51
3. The relative odd ratio of patients drinking for one cup/day was 0.57
4. The relative odd ratio of patients drinking for two cups/day was 0.57
5. The relative odd ratio of patients drinking for three or more cups/day was 0.41
The findings although not linearly, coffee and coffee caffeine intake expressed a protective effect in ameliorating the risk of depression.
16. Obesity
Obesity is a medical condition of excess body fat accumulated over time. According to the Body Mass Index(BMI), a BMI of over 30 is an indication of obesity.
According to the joint study led by the National Taiwan University, the efficacy of coffee in reduced risk and management of obesity over the last 10 years of research, may be attributed to
1. decrease lipid accumulation in cells via the regulation of the cell cycle in fat tissue
2. improved fat metabolic formation in both protein and transcription factors expression
According to animal studies.
In humans, it is the result of decreased body weight and visceral fat stored within the abdominal cavity.
Furthermore, the study also expressed the importance of coffee intake in influencing the gut microbiota in obese animals and humans.
Additionally, in the evaluation of possible lipid catabolism and body fat regulation effects of 3-caffeoylquinic acid in Green coffee bean extract (GCBE) in high-fat diet (HFD)-induced obese mice fed with only HFD or HFD with GCBE at 50, 100, and 200 mg/kg, respectively, researchers filed the following results
1. GCBE treated group showed a significantly decreased body weight gain, and liver, and white adipose tissue weights, but importantly intake of coffee also regulated adipose tissue lipolysis hormones in breaking down fat accumulation.
2. The efficacy of the treatment group in reduced obesity risk may also benefit the decreased mRNA expression levels of adipogenesis and adipocyte metabolism in both gene and protein expression.
3. Compared to other treated groups, GCBE-treated mice displayed a lower fat mass and relative body weight and decreased fat mass.
More importantly, in the review of papers from in vivo, ex vivo, and in vitro experimental studies in animals and human tissues as well as wide population-based epidemiological studies in the last 10 years, researchers at the joint study led by the South University School of Pharmacy said, " there are mounting evidence of the reduced risk of developing type 2 diabetes by regular coffee drinkers of 3-4 cups a day. The effects are likely due to the presence of chlorogenic acids and caffeine, the two constituents of coffee in higher concentration after the roasting process".
17. Metabolic Syndrome
Metabolic Syndrome is a group of risk factors associated with the development of cardiovascular disease and type 2 diabetes, including high blood pressure, abnormally high blood cholesterol, and triglyceride levels,.....
A joint study by respectable institutes suggested that intake of coffee and coffee caffeine daily and regularly may associate with an attenuated risk of metabolic syndrome.
According to the searching of the database from f PubMed and the China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI) for relevant articles published between 1 January 1999 and 31 May 2015, including 11 published reports and 13 studies with a total of 159,805 participants were eligible for our meta-analysis, the relative odd risk ratio of metabolic syndrome between the highest vs lowest category of coffee consumption was 0.872
The review also observed a nonlinear relationship between coffee and coffee caffeine consumption in ameliorated risk of metabolic syndrome, by dose-response analysis.
Additionally, in a cross-sectional population-based survey of 8,821 adults (51.4% female) conducted in Krakow, Poland. to evaluate the coffee and tea consumption and risk of metabolic syndrome, using food frequency questionnaires, observation of the questionnaire returned from participants expressed an interesting association between high coffee consumption of 3 cups and the clusters of lower BMI, waist circumference, systolic and diastolic blood pressure, triglycerides, and higher HDL cholesterol than those drinking less than 1 cup/day.
The study apparently indicated that people drinking 3 cups of coffee daily and regularly have a favorably ameliorated risk of metabolic syndrome even after adjusting for potential confounding factors.
More importantly, the study also pointed out that high coffee consumption was negatively associated with waist circumference, hypertension, and triglycerides in women but not in men.
Furthermore, in the animal evaluation of the effect of coffee drinking on clinical markers of diabetes and metabolic syndrome in Zucker rats including Diabetic Zucker rats with metabolic syndrome and control Zucker rats, researchers at the Fluminense Federal Institute postulated that after animals received daily doses of coffee drink by gavage for 30 days, coffee consumption expressed a decreased risk of metabolic syndrome in reduced serum glucose, total cholesterol, and triglycerides in compared to non-treatment group.
Dr. Abrahão SA, the lead researcher said, "The results demonstrate that treatment with roasted coffee drink, because of its hypoglycemic and hypolipidemic effect, is efficient in the protection of animals with metabolic syndrome and diabetes mellitus type 2".
18. Gallstone and Gallstone Diseases
Epidemiological studies, linking coffee consumption to reduced risk of gallstone, but not gallstone disease have been contradictory.
Gallstone is a stone formed within the gallbladder out of bile components as a result of the building up of undissolved cholesterol over a prolonged period of time.
In the review of 174 cases of gallstones determined by ultrasonography, 104 cases of postcholecystectomy, and 6889 controls of the normal gallbladder in a total of 7637 men received a health examination at four hospitals of the Self-Defense Forces (SDF) with 174 cases of prevalent gallstones, 50 had been aware of having gallstones, researchers found that coffee and coffee caffeine drinkers express a high risk of gallstone incidence in compared to non-drinkers.
In this group of middle-aged Japanese men, the relative odds ratio of gallstone disease is 1.7 for coffee consumption of five cups or more per day vs. no consumption and 2.2 for caffeine intake of 300 mg/day or more vs. less than 100 mg/day.
Obviously, these findings contradicted other studies in support of the risk of gallstones reduced by coffee and caffeine intake, including the study conducted by the Harvard School of Public Health.
Other, in the review literature of database from PubMed and EMBASE of all published studies before June 2015 researchers at The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University files the following results
1. Coffee intake regularly and daily had a significantly reduced risk of gallstone disease, in related females, but not in males. based on prospective studies.2. For patients drinking one cup of coffee per day, the risk of gallstone disease was 0.95
3. For patients drinking 2, 4, and 6 cups of coffee per day, the estimated RRs of gallstone disease reduced to 0.89 (95% CI, 0.79 to 0.99), 0.81, and .75 respectively.
4, Coffee intake showed a linear association with ameliorated risk of gallstone diseases.
Interestingly, in a cohort of 80,898 women aged 34-59 years in 1980 who had no history of gallstone disease, during 20 years of follow-up, researchers filed the below results
1. Compared to non-caffeine coffee drinkers women, the multivariate relative risks of gallstone disease with cholecystectomy in compared to a consistent intake of caffeinated coffee (0, 1, 2-3, and > or =4 cups/day) were 1.0, 0.91, 0.78, and 0.72 respectively.
2. Coffee caffeine intake was inversely associated with the risk of cholecystectomy.
3. Caffeine intake (< or =25, 26-100, 101-200, 201-400, 401-800, and >800 mg/day) is linearly associated with a reduced risk of gallstone disease with the multivariate relative ratio of 1.0, 1.03, 1.01, 0.94, 0.85, and 0.85 4. Decaffeinated coffee was not associated with risk.
19. Menopause Symptoms
Menopause is a natural and biological progression of women at a certain age. The reduced hormone levels of the inaction of ovaries induced menstruation stop and a set of symptoms
A study conducted by a renowned institute suggested that coffee and coffee caffeine may have a potential effect in reducing the severity of some menopause symptoms and elevation of others.
In a cross-sectional survey conducted using the Menopause Health Questionnaire, completed by 2,507 consecutive women with menopausal concerns at the Women's Health Clinic at Mayo Clinic (Rochester, MN) between July 25, 2005, and July 25, 2011, caffeine intake in participants showed a greater positive effect in expression of the vasomotor symptom of menopause women in compared to non-drinkers group.
Other, in a cross-sectional study of a community-based sample of 243 women with vasomotor symptoms to evaluate the menopause symptoms of hot flashes (HF) and night sweats (NS) in symptomatic middle-aged women, intake of coffee showed elevated symptoms of hot flashes (HF) and night sweats (NS) in compared to nondrinkers.
And caffeine intake also is found as one of predictors in exhibited both hot flashes (HF) and night sweats (NS) in the same study group.
But in the animal model, according to the behavioral tests and oxidative stress parameters in ovariectomized mice, caffeine intake also showed a significant in reduced symptoms of anxiety induced by oxidative stress.
Administration of low doses of caffeine, for a short period of time, may be a new therapeutic approach to modulate the oxidative stress and anxiety in menopause, the "Iuliu Hatieganu" University of Medicine and Pharmacy postulated.
There is no doubt that the study addresses a significantly inverse association in reduced risk of gallstone disease among coffee drinkers linearly.
20. Esophageal Cancer
Intake of coffee regularly may have a profound effect in reduced risk of cancers, a recent study proposed.
Cancer is a group of diseases characterized by irregular cell growth in any tissue and organ in the body.
According to the joint study led by the Università degli Studi di Milano-Bicocca, the consumption of healthy foods, particularly coffee rich in polyphenols might have a substantial influence in reducing the prevalence of cancer incidence.
Coffee extract with high chlorogenic acids (CGAs) exhibited beneficial biological effects in ameliorating the risk of cancer through anti-inflammatory activity and anti-carcinogenic activity.
In Ras-dependent breast cancer cell line MDA-MB-231, CGAs also displayed a molecular basis of the activity and chemoprotective in the induction of cell apoptosis.
Furthermore, in the review of literature in an expression of the association between total, caffeinated, and decaffeinated coffee consumption and melanoma risk in a dose-response meta-analysis on prospective cohort studies by searching the database of PubMed and Embase, researchers indicated, seven studies eligible for meta-analysis, comprised 1,418,779 participants and 9211 melanoma cases. caffeine attenuated melanoma risk with a linear dose-response association between total coffee consumption.
Prevalence risk of melanoma is reduced by 3% for an additional cup of coffee intake per day. Dr. Micek A, the lead author said, "Coffee intake may be inversely associated with the incidence of melanoma".
In further demonstrated coffee and coffee caffeine in ameliorated risk of cancer, the Cox proportional hazards regression was used to estimate multivariable-adjusted hazard ratios (HR) for coffee consumption associated with death from all cancers combined and from specific cancer types among 922,896 Cancer with 1982 as a baseline, researchers at joint study lead by the American Cancer Society found that only smokers showed a non-linear association between coffee consumption and all-cancer death but not in never smokers.
Among non-smokers, drinking 2 cups/day or more showed a significant inverse associated with death from colorectal, head and neck, and female breast cancers, but positively associated with esophageal cancer death.
21. Stroke, Particularly in Women
A stroke is a medical condition characterized by interrupted blood supply, thus reducing oxygen and nutrient delivery to the brain, resulting in the death of brain cells.
Intake of coffee and coffee caffeine may have a profound effect in reducing the risk of stroke incidence, a renowned institute study suggested.
In a third National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (1988-1994; NHANES III) data to examine coffee consumption and stroke with participants aged ≥17 years old, researchers found that
coffee intake of this population showed a significant inverse association to stroke risk incidence, regardless to smoke status.
Interestingly, the study also discovered that frequent coffee drinkers displayed less occurrence of heart failure, diabetes, and hypertension but the risk of high cholesterol for those consuming ≥3 cups per day.
Dr. Liebeskind DS, the lead author said, "Heavier daily coffee consumption is associated with decreased stroke prevalence" and ". Multivariate analyses revealed an independent effect of heavier coffee consumption (≥3 cups/day) on reduced stroke".
Furthermore, in an analyzed data from a prospective cohort of 83,076 women in the Nurses' Health Study without a history of stroke, coronary heart disease, diabetes, or cancer at baseline, with coffee consumption assessed first in 1980, then repeatedly every 2 to 4 years, and follow-up through 2004, researchers at the Harvard School of Public Health filed the following results
1. The relative risk ratio of stroke in participant's coffee consumption (<1 cup per month, 1 per month to 4 per week, 5 to 7 per week, 2 to 3 per day, and >or=4 per day) were 1, 0.98, 0.88, 0.81, and 0.80 repetitively.
2. Intake of coffee and coffee caffeine daily and regularly showed a significantly positive effect in reduced stroke risk after taking to count of other favors, including high blood pressure, hypercholesterolemia, and type 2 diabetes.
3. Risk of stroke is also associated stronger correlation among never and past smokers (RR for >or=4 cups a day versus <1 cup a month, 0.57) than among current smokers (RR for >or=4 cups a day versus <1 cup a month, 0.97).
4. Decaffeinated coffee intake also was associated with a trend in lower risk of stroke after adjustment for caffeinated coffee consumption.
5. Caffeine consumption of other beverage do not associate to risk or reduced risk of stroke.
The findings suggested that long-term coffee consumption was not associated with the risk of stroke but modestly reduce the risk of stroke.
Promisingly, an Asian study of data obtained from the Health Examinees (HEXA) Study, involving 146,830 individuals aged 40-69 years demonstrated that high coffee consumption was associated with a 38% lower odds ratio for stroke in women compared to (none drinkers vs. ≥ 3 cups/day drinkers in women but not in men.
The expression of coffee intake in reduced risk of stroke was also found greater in women who are healthy, younger, non-obese, non-hypertensive, non-diabetic, non-smokers, and non-alcohol drinkers.
22. Primary sclerosing cholangitis
A recent study suggested that coffee and caffeine consumption may be associated with a reduced risk of primary sclerosing cholangitis
Primary sclerosing cholangitis (PSC) is a medical condition of inflammation and obliterative fibrosis of the bile ducts.
In the study of 606 patients with primary biliary cirrhosis (PBC), 480 with primary sclerosing cholangitis (PSC), and 564 healthy volunteers acted as controls, researchers filed the following results
1. 24% of patients with PSC had never drunk coffee compared to 16% of controls.
2. Patients with PSC also consumed fewer lifetime cups per month and spent a smaller percentage of their lifetime drinking coffee compared to healthy adults.
Based on this information, Dr.Lammert C, the lead author opinionated, coffee consumption is lower among patients with PSC, compared with controls.
Additionally, In patients with PSC, recruited from Oslo University Hospital Rikshospitalet in Norway through 2011, randomly chosen from the Norwegian Bone Marrow Donor Registry (control subjects) of 240 patients with PSC and 245 control subjects also indicated a similar conclusion as follows
1. In comparison to the control, PSC patients showed a lower daily drinking coffee habit at the time of study and at the age of 18 years observed in men.
2. Every daily coffee drinker at the age of 18 years was independently and negatively associated with PSC.
These results showed that coffee intake may have a profound effect on protection against the development of PSC.
Taking all together, coffee and coffee caffeine may be considered as a functional beverage for improvement of a number of health benefits far more than those mentioned through its antioxidant properties and caffeine contents. Finally, if you are a coffee lover, as always, we recommended that you do not add sugar and high-fat dairy creams to your drinks.
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Biography
Kyle J. Norton, Master of Nutrition
Health article writer and researcher; Over 10.000 articles and research papers have been written and published online, including worldwide health, ezine articles, article base, health blogs, self-growth, best before it's news, the Karate GB Daily, etc.,.
Named TOP 50 MEDICAL ESSAYS FOR ARTISTS & AUTHORS TO READ by Disilgold.com Named 50 of the best health Tweeters Canada - Huffington Post
Nominated for shorty award over last 4 years
Some articles have been used as references in medical research, such as the international journal Pharma and Bio Science, ISSN 0975-6299.
Sources
(1) Patients' perceptions on the impact of coffee consumption in inflammatory bowel disease: friend or foe?--a patient survey by Barthel C1,2, Wiegand S3,4, Scharl S5, Scharl M6,7, Frei P8, Vavricka SR9, Fried M10, Sulz MC11,12, Wiegand N13,14, Rogler G15,16, Biedermann L17.(PubMed)
(2) Associations between diet and disease activity in ulcerative colitis patients using a novel method of data analysis by Magee EA1, Edmond LM, Tasker SM, Kong SC, Curno R, Cummings JH. (PubMed)
(3) Coffee and alcohol use and the risk of ulcerative colitis by Boyko EJ1, Perera DR, Koepsell TD, Keane EM, Inui TS.(PubMed)(4) The protective effect of coffee consumption on cutaneous melanoma risk and the role of GSTM1 and GSTT1 polymorphisms by Fortes C1, Mastroeni S, Boffetta P, Antonelli G, Pilla MA, Bottà G, Anzidei P, Venanzetti F.(PubMed)
(5) Caffeinated and decaffeinated coffee consumption and melanoma risk: a dose-response meta-analysis of prospective cohort studies by Micek A1, Godos J2, Lafranconi A3, Marranzano M2, Pajak A1(PubMed).
(6) Coffee and caffeine intake and breast cancer risk: an updated dose-response meta-analysis of 37 published studies by Jiang W1, Wu Y, Jiang X.(PubMed)
(7) Coffee consumption and breast cancer risk among BRCA1 and BRCA2 mutation carriers by Nkondjock A1, Ghadirian P, Kotsopoulos J, Lubinski J, Lynch H, Kim-Sing C, Horsman D, Rosen B, Isaacs C, Weber B, Foulkes W, Ainsworth P, Tung N, Eisen A, Friedman E, Eng C, Sun P, Narod SA.(PubMed)
(8) The CYP1A2 genotype modifies the association between coffee consumption and breast cancer risk among BRCA1 mutation carriers by Kotsopoulos J1, Ghadirian P, El-Sohemy A, Lynch HT, Snyder C, Daly M, Domchek S, Randall S, Karlan B, Zhang P, Zhang S, Sun P, Narod SA.(PubMed)
(9) Coffee and Depression: A Short Review of Literature by Tenore GC1, Daglia M, Orlando V, D'Urso E, Saadat SH, Novellino E, Nabavi SF, Nabavi SM.(PubMed)
(10) [Coffee consumption in depressive disorders: it's not one size fits all].[Article in Italian] by Rusconi AC, Valeriani G, Carluccio GM, Majorana M, Carlone C, Raimondo P, Ripà S, Marino P, Coccanari de Fornari MA, Biondi M.(PubMed)
(11) Molecular mechanisms of the anti-obesity effect of bioactive compounds in tea and coffee by Pan MH1, Tung YC2, Yang G3, Li S3, Ho CT4.(PubMed)
(12) Green coffee bean extract improves obesity by decreasing body fat in high-fat diet-induced obese mice by Choi BK1, Park SB2, Lee DR1, Lee HJ2, Jin YY3, Yang SH4, Suh JW5. (PubMed)
(13) Coffee consumption, obesity, and type 2 diabetes: a mini-review by Santos RM1, Lima DR2.(PubMed)(14) Coffee consumption and risk of the metabolic syndrome: A meta-analysis by Shang F1, Li X1, Jiang X2.(PubMed)
(15) Association of daily coffee and tea consumption and metabolic syndrome: results from the Polish arm of the HAPIEE study by Grosso G1,2, Stepaniak U3, Micek A3, Topor-Mądry R3, Pikhart H4, Szafraniec K3, Pająk A3. (PubMed)
(16) Relation of coffee, green tea, and caffeine intake to gallstone disease in middle-aged Japanese men by Ishizuk H1, Eguchi H, Oda T, Ogawa S, Nakagawa K, Honjo S, Kono S.(PubMed)
(17) Systematic review with meta-analysis: coffee consumption and the risk of gallstone disease by Zhang YP1, Li WQ1, Sun YL1, Zhu RT1, Wang WJ1.(PubMed)
(18) A prospective study of coffee consumption and the risk of symptomatic gallstone disease in men by Leitzmann MF1, Willett WC, Rimm EB, Stampfer MJ, Spiegelman D, Colditz GA, Giovannucci E.(PubMed)
(19) Caffeine and menopausal symptoms: what is the association? by Faubion SS1, Sood R, Thielen JM, Shuster LT. (PubMed)
(20) Perceived control, lifestyle, health, socio-demographic factors, and menopause: impact on hot flashes and night sweats by Pimenta F1, Leal I, Maroco J, Ramos C.(PubMed)
(21) Modulatory effects of caffeine on oxidative stress and anxiety-like behavior in ovariectomized rats by Caravan I1,1, Sevastre Berghian A1,1, Moldovan R1,1, Decea N1,1, Orasan R1,1, Filip GA1,1.(PubMed)
(22) Natural Compounds in Cancer Prevention: Effects of Coffee Extracts and Their Main Polyphenolic Component, 5-O-Caffeoylquinic Acid, on Oncogenic Ras Proteins by Palmioli A1, Ciaramelli C1, Tisi R1,2, Spinelli M1, De Sanctis G1, Sacco E1,3, Airoldi C1,2,3.(PubMed)
(23) Caffeinated and decaffeinated coffee consumption and melanoma risk: a dose-response meta-analysis of prospective cohort studies by Micek A1, Godos J2, Lafranconi A3, Marranzano M2, Pajak A1. (PubMed)
(24) Associations of Coffee Drinking and Cancer Mortality in the Cancer Prevention Study-II by Gapstur SM1, Anderson RL2, Campbell PT2, Jacobs EJ2, Hartman TJ3, Hildebrand JS4, Wang Y2, McCullough ML2.(PubMed)
(25) The coffee paradox in stroke: Increased consumption linked with fewer strokes by Liebeskind DS1, Sanossian N2, Fu KA2, Wang HJ3, Arab L4(PubMed)
(2) Coffee consumption and risk of stroke in women by Lopez-Garcia E1, Rodriguez-Artalejo F, Rexrode KM, Logroscino G, Hu FB, van Dam RM. (PubMed)
(26) Reduced coffee consumption among individuals with primary sclerosing cholangitis but not primary biliary cirrhosis by Lammert C1, Juran BD1, Schlicht E1, Xie X2, Atkinson EJ2, de Andrade M2, Lazaridis KN3.(PubMed)
#Healthyfood #GreenTea's #EGCG, Inhibits the Onset of #EsophagealCancer by Suppressing Cancer Alternating DNA Transcript Through Telomerase Activity, According to Studies
Kyle J. Norton
Green tea may have a therapeutic and positive effect in reducing the risk and treatment of esophageal cancer, some scientists suggested.
Esophageal cancer is a medical condition characterized by irregular cell growth in the tissues of the esophagus. At the later stage, the cancerous cells may travel a distance away to invade other healthy tissues and organs.
According to statistics, in 1028 over 17,000 adults in the United States will be diagnosed with esophageal cancer.
The disease accounts for 1% of all cancers diagnosed in the United States.
The means of the 5-year survival rate of esophageal cancer is 19%. It is very low compared to other types of cancer. Sadly, the early diagnosed 5 years survival rate of esophageal cancer is only 43%.
The exact causes of esophageal cancer are still unknown.
Researchers as of today, do not know why people with the same health condition and family history, are susceptible to the early onset of the disease while others do not.
However, researchers do know that smoking, age, family history, unhealthy diet, and occupation that requires frequent contact with irritants are associated to increase the risk of esophageal cancer.
Other researchers suggested that certain medical conditions such as obesity, GERD, achalasia and genetic mutation inherited from the parents are also the prevalent risk factors in the onset of the disease.
If you are experiencing symptoms of difficult or painful swallowing, a persistent sensation of having food lodged in the chest, pain in the throat or back, behind the breastbone or between the shoulder blades, unintentional weight loss, coughing up blood, and heartburn that cannot go away, you may have esophageal cancer, please check with your doctor to rule out the possibility.
Green tea a precious drink processes a number of health benefits known to almost everyone in Asia and the Western world.
In esophageal cancer cell lines Eca109 and Ec9706, injection of green tea EGCG plus chemo drug adriamycin (ADM) after 24 hours displayed a significantly increased cellular apoptosis.
According to the flow cytometry assay, the combined application induced the elevation of ROS and ADM concentration in the production of cytotoxicity to the tumor cells by reducing the expression of mitochondrial membrane potential and ABCG2 protein that protects cancer cells' apoptosis. without harming healthy cells.
ABCG2 protein expression plays a major role in multi-drug resistance, produced by tumor cells to accounter reactions to chemo-medicine.
Mitochondrial membrane potential is a central intermediate in oxidative energy metabolism, the deceased levels caused by toxicity ROS may result in energy deletion and subsequently, cause cell death.
Further observation also indicated that EGCG inhibited the growth of Eca109 and Ec9706 cells through ameliorating anti-apoptotic bcl-2 protein expression and promoted Bax and caspase-3 protein expressions with functions of promoting apoptosis in a dose- and time-dependent manner.
BCL2 family members form hetero- or homodimers and play an important anti-apoptotic protein.
Caspase-3 protein plays a central role in the execution phase of cell apoptosis.
BAX gene. BAX is a member of the Bcl-2 gene family. plays an important role in the mediation of cell death by apoptosis.
Compared to ADM treatment alone, the Eca109/ABCG2 multi-drug resistance cancer cells, the rate of apoptosis and ADM concentration were significantly higher and levels of mitochondrial membrane potential and ABCG2 expression were lower.
In other words, injection of green tea plus ADM was more effective in inducing cell death in Eca109/ABCG2 multi-drug resistance cancer cells through expression ROS and ADM in enhancing elevation of cytotoxic activity compared to ADM treatment alone.
After taking into account other co and confounders, Dr, Liu L the lead author said, " EGCG inhibited cell growth and induced esophageal cancer cell apoptosis. It reduced the bcl-2 protein expression and increased the bax and caspase-3 protein expression. EGCG reversed multi-drug resistance by reducing ABCG2 expression and increasing the anticancer drug concentration in cancer cells".
In esophageal squamous cell carcinoma, application of Epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG) without ADM measured by flow cytometry assay after 24 hours also inhibited cancer site proliferation by increasing the expression of ROS to attenuate mitochondrial membrane potential function in energy metabolism and increase caspase-3 protein function in the induction of malignant cellular apoptosis, in a dose and time-dependent manner.
Furthermore, in the examine the PCR-TRAP argentation analysis during the experiment, EGCG also inhibited the viability of Eca109 and Ec9706 cells by suppressing cancer cells in alternating DNA transcript through telomerase activity.
More interestingly, the continuation of the study of epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG) on the human esophageal cancer cell line ECa109 also discovered, EGCG decreased cancer cell viability and increased cancer apoptosis through expression of p16 gene demethylation in cancer cell cycle arrest.
P16 gene demethylation plays an important role in cell cycle arrest and apoptosis. gene alternation was found in several types of cancer.
A low level of p16 mRNA expression is associated with the progression of cancer with malignant and aggressive behavior.
Abnormalities of the p16 gene and loss of p16 protein expression may be related to the pathogenesis and development of some cancers.
Taken together, green tea with an abundance of phytochemical Epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG) may be considered an adjunct therapy or in combination with standard chemo-medicine for the treatment of esophageal cancer.
Natural Medicine for Fatty Liver And Obesity Reversal - The Revolutionary Findings To Achieve Optimal Health And Lose Weight
How To Get Rid Of Eye Floaters
Contrary To Professional Prediction, Floaters Can Be Cured Naturally
Ovarian Cysts And PCOS Elimination
Holistic System In Existence That Will Show You How To
Permanently Eliminate All Types of Ovarian Cysts Within 2 Months
Back to Kyle J. Norton's Homepage http://kylejnorton.blogspot.ca
Author Biography
Kyle J. Norton (Scholar, Master of Nutrition, All right reserved)
Health article writer and researcher; Over 10.000 articles and research papers have been written and published online, including worldwide health, ezine articles, article base, health blogs, self-growth, best before it's news, the Karate GB Daily, etc.
Named TOP 50 MEDICAL ESSAYS FOR ARTISTS & AUTHORS TO READ by Disilgold.com Named 50 of the best health Tweeters Canada - Huffington Post
Nominated for shorty award over last 4 years
Some articles have been used as references in medical research, such as the international journal Pharma and Bioscience, ISSN 0975-6299.
Sources
(1) Epigallocatechin-3-gallate promotes apoptosis and reversal of multidrug resistance in esophageal cancer cells by Liu L1, Ju Y2, Wang J3, Zhou R3. (PubMed)
(2) Epigallocatechin-3-gallate suppresses cell proliferation and promotes apoptosis in Ec9706 and Eca109 esophageal carcinoma cells by Liu L1, Zuo J1, Wang G1. (PubMed)
(3) Epigallocatechin-3-gallate inhibits growth and induces apoptosis in esophageal cancer cells through the demethylation and reactivation of the p16 gene by Meng J1, Tong Q2, Liu X2, Yu Z3, Zhang J3, Gao B3. (PubMed)
Green tea may have a therapeutic and positive effect in reducing the risk and treatment of esophageal cancer, some scientists suggested.
Esophageal cancer is a medical condition characterized by irregular cell growth in the tissues of the esophagus. At the later stage, the cancerous cells may travel a distance away to invade other healthy tissues and organs.
According to statistics, in 1028 over 17,000 adults in the United States will be diagnosed with esophageal cancer.
The disease accounts for 1% of all cancers diagnosed in the United States.
The means of the 5-year survival rate of esophageal cancer is 19%. It is very low compared to other types of cancer. Sadly, the early diagnosed 5 years survival rate of esophageal cancer is only 43%.
The exact causes of esophageal cancer are still unknown.
Researchers as of today, do not know why people with the same health condition and family history, are susceptible to the early onset of the disease while others do not.
However, researchers do know that smoking, age, family history, unhealthy diet, and occupation that requires frequent contact with irritants are associated to increase the risk of esophageal cancer.
Other researchers suggested that certain medical conditions such as obesity, GERD, achalasia and genetic mutation inherited from the parents are also the prevalent risk factors in the onset of the disease.
If you are experiencing symptoms of difficult or painful swallowing, a persistent sensation of having food lodged in the chest, pain in the throat or back, behind the breastbone or between the shoulder blades, unintentional weight loss, coughing up blood, and heartburn that cannot go away, you may have esophageal cancer, please check with your doctor to rule out the possibility.
Green tea a precious drink processes a number of health benefits known to almost everyone in Asia and the Western world.
In esophageal cancer cell lines Eca109 and Ec9706, injection of green tea EGCG plus chemo drug adriamycin (ADM) after 24 hours displayed a significantly increased cellular apoptosis.
According to the flow cytometry assay, the combined application induced the elevation of ROS and ADM concentration in the production of cytotoxicity to the tumor cells by reducing the expression of mitochondrial membrane potential and ABCG2 protein that protects cancer cells' apoptosis. without harming healthy cells.
ABCG2 protein expression plays a major role in multi-drug resistance, produced by tumor cells to accounter reactions to chemo-medicine.
Mitochondrial membrane potential is a central intermediate in oxidative energy metabolism, the deceased levels caused by toxicity ROS may result in energy deletion and subsequently, cause cell death.
Further observation also indicated that EGCG inhibited the growth of Eca109 and Ec9706 cells through ameliorating anti-apoptotic bcl-2 protein expression and promoted Bax and caspase-3 protein expressions with functions of promoting apoptosis in a dose- and time-dependent manner.
BCL2 family members form hetero- or homodimers and play an important anti-apoptotic protein.
Caspase-3 protein plays a central role in the execution phase of cell apoptosis.
BAX gene. BAX is a member of the Bcl-2 gene family. plays an important role in the mediation of cell death by apoptosis.
Compared to ADM treatment alone, the Eca109/ABCG2 multi-drug resistance cancer cells, the rate of apoptosis and ADM concentration were significantly higher and levels of mitochondrial membrane potential and ABCG2 expression were lower.
In other words, injection of green tea plus ADM was more effective in inducing cell death in Eca109/ABCG2 multi-drug resistance cancer cells through expression ROS and ADM in enhancing elevation of cytotoxic activity compared to ADM treatment alone.
After taking into account other co and confounders, Dr, Liu L the lead author said, " EGCG inhibited cell growth and induced esophageal cancer cell apoptosis. It reduced the bcl-2 protein expression and increased the bax and caspase-3 protein expression. EGCG reversed multi-drug resistance by reducing ABCG2 expression and increasing the anticancer drug concentration in cancer cells".
In esophageal squamous cell carcinoma, application of Epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG) without ADM measured by flow cytometry assay after 24 hours also inhibited cancer site proliferation by increasing the expression of ROS to attenuate mitochondrial membrane potential function in energy metabolism and increase caspase-3 protein function in the induction of malignant cellular apoptosis, in a dose and time-dependent manner.
Furthermore, in the examine the PCR-TRAP argentation analysis during the experiment, EGCG also inhibited the viability of Eca109 and Ec9706 cells by suppressing cancer cells in alternating DNA transcript through telomerase activity.
More interestingly, the continuation of the study of epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG) on the human esophageal cancer cell line ECa109 also discovered, EGCG decreased cancer cell viability and increased cancer apoptosis through expression of p16 gene demethylation in cancer cell cycle arrest.
P16 gene demethylation plays an important role in cell cycle arrest and apoptosis. gene alternation was found in several types of cancer.
A low level of p16 mRNA expression is associated with the progression of cancer with malignant and aggressive behavior.
Abnormalities of the p16 gene and loss of p16 protein expression may be related to the pathogenesis and development of some cancers.
Taken together, green tea with an abundance of phytochemical Epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG) may be considered an adjunct therapy or in combination with standard chemo-medicine for the treatment of esophageal cancer.
Natural Medicine for Fatty Liver And Obesity Reversal - The Revolutionary Findings To Achieve Optimal Health And Lose Weight
How To Get Rid Of Eye Floaters
Contrary To Professional Prediction, Floaters Can Be Cured Naturally
Ovarian Cysts And PCOS Elimination
Holistic System In Existence That Will Show You How To
Permanently Eliminate All Types of Ovarian Cysts Within 2 Months
Back to Kyle J. Norton's Homepage http://kylejnorton.blogspot.ca
Author Biography
Kyle J. Norton (Scholar, Master of Nutrition, All right reserved)
Health article writer and researcher; Over 10.000 articles and research papers have been written and published online, including worldwide health, ezine articles, article base, health blogs, self-growth, best before it's news, the Karate GB Daily, etc.
Named TOP 50 MEDICAL ESSAYS FOR ARTISTS & AUTHORS TO READ by Disilgold.com Named 50 of the best health Tweeters Canada - Huffington Post
Nominated for shorty award over last 4 years
Some articles have been used as references in medical research, such as the international journal Pharma and Bioscience, ISSN 0975-6299.
Sources
(1) Epigallocatechin-3-gallate promotes apoptosis and reversal of multidrug resistance in esophageal cancer cells by Liu L1, Ju Y2, Wang J3, Zhou R3. (PubMed)
(2) Epigallocatechin-3-gallate suppresses cell proliferation and promotes apoptosis in Ec9706 and Eca109 esophageal carcinoma cells by Liu L1, Zuo J1, Wang G1. (PubMed)
(3) Epigallocatechin-3-gallate inhibits growth and induces apoptosis in esophageal cancer cells through the demethylation and reactivation of the p16 gene by Meng J1, Tong Q2, Liu X2, Yu Z3, Zhang J3, Gao B3. (PubMed)
The Anti #OverGrowth of #CandidaAlbicans #HerbalMedicines, According to Studies
Kyle J. Norton
Candida albicans are members of a large group of microorganism whose cells contain complex structures enclosed within the membranes, including yeast(2)(3), fungi(4)(5)(6), and mold(6) that live among the gut flora in the human mouth and gastrointestinal tract.
Non-albicans Candida (NAC) species cause 35-65% of all candidaemias in the general patient population(1).
According to a joint study, in many cases, biofilm(microorganisms with cells stick to each other on a surface) formation(7) gene mutations(8), and overexpression of genes(9)(10) are often associated with increased candida resistance toward antifungal drugs.
Herbalism or phytotherapy is a traditional medicine used in botany and plants for the treatment of a variety of ailments. Today, it has become increasingly important for many scientists who intend to find natural agents with the same effectiveness as conventional medicine without inducing serious side effects.
However, the finding of this whole food medication has been facing many obstacles including limited financial support, because, the discovery of such plants will provide no commercial benefit and patent right to producers.
According to Dr. Marjorie Murphy Cowan in the study of "Plant Products as Antimicrobial Agents" said, "While 25 to 50% of current pharmaceuticals are derived from plants, none are used as antimicrobials. Traditional healers have long used plants to prevent or cure infectious conditions" and " Plants are rich in a wide variety of secondary metabolites, such as tannins, terpenoids, alkaloids, and flavonoids, which have been found in vitro to have antimicrobial properties"(a).
Western medicine is trying to duplicate herbal successes with the synthetic version for the patent right without using the whole herb ingredients which has caused overexpression of serious adverse effects.
ROS species have duo functions that are well documented for playing an important role in our body as both beneficial and deleterious molecules in the expression of cytotoxicity against abnormal cells alternation and initiation of chronic ailments such as overgrowth of candida by causing an imbalance of the ratio among antioxidants and free radicals, respectively.
In free radical overexpression-initiated overgrowth candida, certain herb-derived compounds exerted a strong antioxidant effect that targets Candida and restores health and balance.
According to the Jamia Millia Islamia, diallyl disulfide (DADS), an important organosulphur compound found in garlic inhibited the overgrowth of candida through decreasing activity of all antioxidant enzymes except catalase in the Candida species antioxidant system.
These results suggested that the application of diallyl disulfide (DADS) caused an increase in oxidative stress and damage to the fungal cells(b).
The Anti Over Growth of Candida Herbal Medicine
1. Berberis
Berberis is a genus of about 450-500 species of deciduous and evergreen shrubs from 1-5 m tall with thorny shoots, belongings to the family Berberidaceae, native to the temperate and subtropical regions of Europe, Asia, Africa, North America, and South America. Europe has a few species, and North America only two. The stem, root bark, and fruit of barberry containing alkaloids and berberine have been used in traditional medicine or dietary supplement, to treat fungal infections(270), Candida albicans(270), yeast(271), parasites, and bacterial/viral infections(270).
Berberine may also enhance the immune system through its antioxidant activity(272) by preventing candida yeasts from producing lipase(273)(274), an enzyme used to help them in colonization(274) and induced infection(274).
2. Clover(Trifolium)
Clover used as a spice in cuisines all over the world, is the aromatic dried flower buds of a tree in the Syzygium, belongings to the family Myrtaceae, native to Indonesia. Tellimagrandin II, in clover oil, exhibited significant anti-herpesvirus(275) and anti-oxidant(275)(276) properties and antiseptic properties through phytochemical eugenol(277) used in dentistry to relieve pain(277), prevent a bacterial infection(278) and boost the immune system(279).
3. Goldenseal((Hydrastis Canadensis)
Goldenseal is a perennial herb in the species of Hydrastis Canadensis, belongings to the family Ranunculaceae, native to southeastern Canada and the northeastern United States, used widely in traditional medicine to treat functional disorders of gastrointestinal(280), including atonic dyspepsia, chronic constipation, liver toxicity(281), etc.
Berberine, a compound found in goldenseal has demonstrated significant anti-fungal activity(282)(283)(284) by preventing candida yeasts from producing lipase, an enzyme involved in colonization.
4. Oregano(Origanum vulgare) Oil
Oregano is a common species of Origanum, belongings to the family Lamiaceae, native to warm-temperate western and southwestern Eurasia and the Mediterranean region.
Carvacrol, a monoterpenoid phenol phytochemical found in oregano oil inhibited the growth of several bacteria strains(285), including candida albicans due to its antimicrobial properties that disrupt the bacteria membrane(286).
5. Cinnamon
Cinnamon is a spice obtained from the inner bark of trees from the genus Cinnamomum, belongings to the family Lauraceae, used in traditional medicine to treat digestive system disorders (287)(289), insulin sensitive(288)(290) and enhance the immune system in regulated cells growth due to its antioxidant activity(290).
The Cinnamon essential oil has antimicrobial properties(291)(292), which can prevent, limit or destroy fungal overgrowth(293).
6. Allspice
Allspice also called Jamaica pepper is a spice of dried unripe fruit of Pimenta dioica, belongings to the family Myrtaceae, native to southern Mexico and Central America. The herb has been used in folk medicine in relieving indigestion and gas(294) and as a deodorant.
Phenylpropene found in allspice volatile oils has shown to exhibit an antimicrobial property(295), including Candida albicans(296)
7. Lavender(Lavandula angustifolia)
The lavender is a genus Lavandula of flowering plants in the mint family Lamiaceae, originated in Asia, used in herbal medicine to treat microbial infection(297) for the skin and reduce inflammation(298)(299).
Its essential oil components linalool and linalyl acetate showed both fungistatic and fungicidal activity(300)(301) against C. albicans strains in reducing fungal progression and the spread of infection in host tissue(301).
8. Chamomile
Chamomile is a common name for several daisy-like plants, genus Matricaria belongings to the family Asteraceae, native to Europe and western Asia used in traditional medicine to aid sleep(302), treat diarrhea(303) and reduce oxidative stress(304). Chamomile containing a high amount of flavonoids is best known for its antioxidant(303), such as antiseptic and antibiotic properties against virus bacteria invasion(305)(306(307)) including candida albicans (308).
Natural Medicine for Fatty Liver And Obesity Reversal - The Revolutionary Findings To Achieve Optimal Health And Lose Weight
How To Get Rid Of Eye Floaters
Contrary To Professional Prediction, Floaters Can Be Cured Naturally
Ovarian Cysts And PCOS Elimination
Holistic System In Existence That Will Show You How To
Permanently Eliminate All Types of Ovarian Cysts Within 2 Months
Back to Kyle J. Norton's Homepage http://kylejnorton.blogspot.ca
Author Biography
Kyle J. Norton (Scholar, Master of Nutrition, All right reserved)
Health article writer and researcher; Over 10.000 articles and research papers have been written and published online, including worldwide health, ezine articles, article base, health blogs, self-growth, best before it's news, the Karate GB Daily, etc.,.
Named TOP 50 MEDICAL ESSAYS FOR ARTISTS & AUTHORS TO READ by Disilgold.com Named 50 of the best health Tweeters Canada - Huffington Post
Nominated for shorty award over last 4 years
Some articles have been used as references in medical research, such as the international journal Pharma and Bioscience, ISSN 0975-6299.
Sources
(a) Plant Products as Antimicrobial Agents by Marjorie Murphy Cowan(PMC)
(b) Effect of diallyl disulphide on an antioxidant enzyme system in Candida species by Yousuf S1, Ahmad A, Khan A, Manzoor N, Khan LA(PubMed)
(1) Non-albicans Candida spp. causing fungaemia: pathogenicity and antifungal resistance by Krcmery V1, Barnes AJ. (PubMed)
(2) Pathogenicity and drug resistance in Candida albicans and other yeast species. A review by Mishra NN1, Prasad T, Sharma N, Payasi A, Prasad R, Gupta DK, Singh R.(PubMed)
(3) Multidrug resistance in yeast Candida by Prasad R1, Kapoor K.(PubMed)
(4) New evidence that Candida albicans possesses additional ATP-binding cassette MDR-like genes: implications for antifungal azole resistance. by Walsh TJ1, Kasai M, Francesconi A, Landsman D, Chanock SJ. (PubMed)
(5) Mechanisms of resistance to azole antifungal agents in Candida albicans isolates from AIDS patients involve specific multidrug transporters. by Sanglard D1, Kuchler K, Ischer F, Pagani JL, Monod M, Bille J.(PubMed)
(6) Structural analysis of phospho-D-mannan-protein complexes isolated from yeast and mold form cells of Candida albicans NIH A-207 serotype A strain by Shibata N1, Fukasawa S, Kobayashi H, Tojo M, Yonezu T, Ambo A, Ohkubo Y, Suzuki S.(PubMed)
(7) The effect of antifungal combination on transcripts of a subset of drug-resistance genes in clinical isolates of Candida species induced biofilms by Ibrahim NH1, Melake NA2, Somily AM3, Zakaria AS4, Baddour MM5, Mahmoud AZ6(PubMed)
(8) Antifungal drug resistance in pathogenic fungi. by Vanden Bossche H1, Dromer F, Improvisi I, Lozano-Chiu M, Rex JH, Sanglard D.(PubMed)
(9) The genetic basis of fluconazole resistance development in Candida albicans by Morschhäuser J1.(PubMed)
(10) A proteomic approach to understanding the development of multidrug-resistant Candida albicans strains by Kusch H1, Biswas K, Schwanfelder S, Engelmann S, Rogers PD, Hecker M, Morschhäuser J.(PubMed)(247) The role of vitamin E in T-cell differentiation and the decrease of cellular immunity with aging. by Moriguchi S1.(PubMed)
(270) Antimicrobial activity of aqueous extracts and of berberine isolated from Berberis heterophylla by Freile ML1, Giannini F, Pucci G, Sturniolo A, Rodero L, Pucci O, Balzareti V, Enriz RD.(PubMed)
(271) Berberis aetnensis C. Presl. extracts: antimicrobial properties and interaction with ciprofloxacin. Musumeci R1, Speciale A, Costanzo R, Annino A, Ragusa S, Rapisarda A, Pappalardo MS, Iauk L.(PubMed)
(272) In vitro biological assessment of Berberis vulgaris and its active constituent, berberine: antioxidants, anti-acetylcholinesterase, anti-diabetic and anticancer effects. Abd El-Wahab AE, Ghareeb DA1, Sarhan EE, Abu-Serie MM, El Demellawy MA. (PubMed)
(273) Inhibition of biofilm formation and lipase in Candida albicans by culture filtrate of Staphylococcus epidermidis in vitro. Bhattacharyya S1, Gupta P2, Banerjee G2, Jain A2, Singh M2.(PubMed)
(274) Differential Candida albicans lipase gene expression during alimentary tract colonization and infection. Schofield DA1, Westwater C, Warner T, Balish E.(PubMed)
(275) Medicinal Plants in Australia Volume 4: An Antipodean Apothecary
(276) Ellagitannin(Wikipedia)
(2377) Oil of clover(Wikipedia)
(278) Anti-virulence potential of eugenyl acetate against pathogenic bacteria of medical importance by Musthafa KS1, Voravuthikunchai SP. (PubMed)
(279) Immunomodulatory activity of geranial, geranial acetate, gingerol, and eugenol essential oils: evidence for humoral and cell-mediated responses. Farhath S1, Vijaya P1, Vimal M2.(PubMed)
(280) Investigations into the antibacterial activities of phytotherapeutics against Helicobacter pylori and Campylobacter jejuni by Cwikla C1, Schmidt K, Matthias A, Bone KM, Lehmann R, Tiralongo E.(PubMed)
(281) Protective effects of goldenseal (Hydrastis canadensis L.) on acetaminophen-induced hepatotoxicity through inhibition of CYP2E1 in ratsby Yamaura K1, Shimada M, Nakayama N, Ueno K.(PubMed)
(282) In vitro antifungal activity of the berberine and its synergism with fluconazole by Iwazaki RS1, Endo EH, Ueda-Nakamura T, Nakamura CV, Garcia LB, Filho BP.(PubMed)
(283) Synthesis of 13-(substituted benzyl) berberine and berberrubine derivatives as antifungal agents by Park KD1, Lee JH, Kim SH, Kang TH, Moon JS, Kim SU.(PubMed)
(284) Molecular mechanisms of action of herbal antifungal alkaloid berberine, in Candida albicans by Dhamgaye S1, Devaux F2, Vandeputte P3, Khandelwal NK4, Sanglard D3, Mukhopadhyay G5, Prasad R4.(PubMed)
(285) Effect of two monoterpene phenols on antioxidant defense system in Candida albicans by Khan A1, Ahmad A2, Ahmad Khan L3, Padoa CJ4, van Vuuren S5, Manzoor N6.(PubMed)
(286) Fungicidal activity of thymol and carvacrol by disrupting ergosterol biosynthesis and membrane integrity against Candidaby Ahmad A1, Khan A, Akhtar F, Yousuf S, Xess I, Khan LA, Manzoor N.(PubMed)
(287) Gastroprotective, cytoprotective and antioxidant effects of Oleum cinnamomi on ethanol induced damage by Ozbayer C1, Kurt H, Ozdemir Z, Tuncel T, Moheb Saadat S, Burukoglu D, Senturk H, Degirmenci I, Gunes HV. (PubMed)
(288) Cinnamon may have therapeutic benefits on lipid profile, liver enzymes, insulin resistance, and high-sensitivity C-reactive protein in nonalcoholic fatty liver disease patients by Askari F1, Rashidkhani B2, Hekmatdoost A3. (PubMed)
(289) Regular ingestion of cinnamon cortex pulveratus offers gastroprotective activity in mice by Tankam JM1, Sawada Y, Ito M.(PubMed)
(290) An overview of chemical composition, bioactivity, and processing of leaves of Cinnamomum tamala by Sharma V1, Rao LJ. (PubMed)
(291) Antimicrobial activities of commercial essential oils and their components against food-borne pathogens and food spoilage bacteria by Mith H1, Duré R2, Delcenserie V2, Zhiri A3, Daube G2, Clinquart A2.(PubMed)
(292) The antibacterial and antifungal activity of essential oils extracted from Guatemalan medicinal plants by Miller AB1, Cates RG, Lawrence M, Soria JA, Espinoza LV, Martinez JV, Arbizú DA.(PubMed)
(293) Anticandidal efficacy of cinnamon oil against planktonic and biofilm cultures of Candida parapsilosis and Candida orthopsilosis by Pires RH1, Montanari LB, Martins CH, Zaia JE, Almeida AM, Matsumoto MT, Mendes-Giannini MJ.(PubMed)
(294) Properties and Uses for Herbs and Spices
(295) Fumigant activity of (E)-anethole identified in Illicium verum fruit against Blattella germanica by Chang KS1, Ahn YJ.(PubMed)
(296) Antimicrobial activity of the essential oil from Lippia sidoides, carvacrol and thymol against oral pathogens by Botelho MA1, Nogueira NA, Bastos GM, Fonseca SG, Lemos TL, Matos FJ, Montenegro D, Heukelbach J, Rao VS, Brito GA.(PubMed)
(297) Hydrolates from lavender (Lavandula angustifolia) - their chemical composition as well as aromatic, antimicrobial and antioxidant properties by Prusinowska R1, Śmigielski K, Stobiecka A, Kunicka-Styczyńska A.(PubMed)
(298) Antioxidant capacity and total phenolic contents of oregano (Origanum vulgare), lavender (Lavandula angustifolia) and lemon balm (Melissa officinalis) from Romania by Spiridon I1, Colceru S, Anghel N, Teaca CA, Bodirlau R, Armatu A.(PubMed)
(299) Lavender essential oil inhalation suppresses allergic airway inflammation and mucous cell hyperplasia in a murine model of asthma by Ueno-Iio T1, Shibakura M2, Yokota K1, Aoe M1, Hyoda T1, Shinohata R1, Kanehiro A3, Tanimoto M3, Kataoka M1.(PubMed)
(300) Lavandula luisieri essential oil as a source of antifungal drugs by Zuzarte M1, Gonçalves MJ, Cruz MT, Cavaleiro C, Canhoto J, Vaz S, Pinto E, Salgueiro L.(PubMed)(301) Antifungal activity of phenolic-rich Lavandula multifida L. essential oil by Zuzarte M1, Vale-Silva L, Gonçalves MJ, Cavaleiro C, Vaz S, Canhoto J, Pinto E, Salgueiro L.(PubMed)
(302) Hypnotic activities of chamomile and passiflora extracts in sleep-disturbed rats by Shinomiya K1, Inoue T, Utsu Y, Tokunaga S, Masuoka T, Ohmori A, Kamei C.(PubMed)
(303) Antidiarrheal and antioxidant activities of chamomile (Matricaria recutita L.) decoction extract in rats by Sebai H1, Jabri MA2, Souli A3, Rtibi K3, Selmi S3, Tebourbi O4, El-Benna J5, Sakly M4.
(PubMed)
(304) Induction of heme oxygenase-1 by chamomile protects murine macrophages against oxidative stress by Bhaskaran N1, Shukla S, Kanwal R, Srivastava JK, Gupta S.(PubMed)
(305) Study of antimicrobial activity of chamomile oil by Aggag ME, Yousef RT.(PubMed)
(306) Phenolic acids profile, antioxidant and antibacterial activity of chamomile, common yarrow and immortelle (Asteraceae)by Mekinić IG, Skroza D, Ljubenkov I, Krstulović L, Možina SS, Katalinić V.(PubMed)
(307) A novel colorimetric broth microdilution method to determine the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of antibiotics and essential oils against Helicobacter pylori by Weseler A1, Geiss HK, Saller R, Reichling J.(PubMed)
(308) All-natural composite wound dressing films of essential oilsencapsulated in sodium alginate with antimicrobial properties by Liakos I1, Rizzello L2, Scurr DJ3, Pompa PP2, Bayer IS4, Athanassiou A5.(PubMed)
Candida albicans are members of a large group of microorganism whose cells contain complex structures enclosed within the membranes, including yeast(2)(3), fungi(4)(5)(6), and mold(6) that live among the gut flora in the human mouth and gastrointestinal tract.
Non-albicans Candida (NAC) species cause 35-65% of all candidaemias in the general patient population(1).
According to a joint study, in many cases, biofilm(microorganisms with cells stick to each other on a surface) formation(7) gene mutations(8), and overexpression of genes(9)(10) are often associated with increased candida resistance toward antifungal drugs.
Herbalism or phytotherapy is a traditional medicine used in botany and plants for the treatment of a variety of ailments. Today, it has become increasingly important for many scientists who intend to find natural agents with the same effectiveness as conventional medicine without inducing serious side effects.
However, the finding of this whole food medication has been facing many obstacles including limited financial support, because, the discovery of such plants will provide no commercial benefit and patent right to producers.
According to Dr. Marjorie Murphy Cowan in the study of "Plant Products as Antimicrobial Agents" said, "While 25 to 50% of current pharmaceuticals are derived from plants, none are used as antimicrobials. Traditional healers have long used plants to prevent or cure infectious conditions" and " Plants are rich in a wide variety of secondary metabolites, such as tannins, terpenoids, alkaloids, and flavonoids, which have been found in vitro to have antimicrobial properties"(a).
Western medicine is trying to duplicate herbal successes with the synthetic version for the patent right without using the whole herb ingredients which has caused overexpression of serious adverse effects.
ROS species have duo functions that are well documented for playing an important role in our body as both beneficial and deleterious molecules in the expression of cytotoxicity against abnormal cells alternation and initiation of chronic ailments such as overgrowth of candida by causing an imbalance of the ratio among antioxidants and free radicals, respectively.
In free radical overexpression-initiated overgrowth candida, certain herb-derived compounds exerted a strong antioxidant effect that targets Candida and restores health and balance.
According to the Jamia Millia Islamia, diallyl disulfide (DADS), an important organosulphur compound found in garlic inhibited the overgrowth of candida through decreasing activity of all antioxidant enzymes except catalase in the Candida species antioxidant system.
These results suggested that the application of diallyl disulfide (DADS) caused an increase in oxidative stress and damage to the fungal cells(b).
The Anti Over Growth of Candida Herbal Medicine
1. Berberis
Berberis is a genus of about 450-500 species of deciduous and evergreen shrubs from 1-5 m tall with thorny shoots, belongings to the family Berberidaceae, native to the temperate and subtropical regions of Europe, Asia, Africa, North America, and South America. Europe has a few species, and North America only two. The stem, root bark, and fruit of barberry containing alkaloids and berberine have been used in traditional medicine or dietary supplement, to treat fungal infections(270), Candida albicans(270), yeast(271), parasites, and bacterial/viral infections(270).
Berberine may also enhance the immune system through its antioxidant activity(272) by preventing candida yeasts from producing lipase(273)(274), an enzyme used to help them in colonization(274) and induced infection(274).
2. Clover(Trifolium)
Clover used as a spice in cuisines all over the world, is the aromatic dried flower buds of a tree in the Syzygium, belongings to the family Myrtaceae, native to Indonesia. Tellimagrandin II, in clover oil, exhibited significant anti-herpesvirus(275) and anti-oxidant(275)(276) properties and antiseptic properties through phytochemical eugenol(277) used in dentistry to relieve pain(277), prevent a bacterial infection(278) and boost the immune system(279).
3. Goldenseal((Hydrastis Canadensis)
Goldenseal is a perennial herb in the species of Hydrastis Canadensis, belongings to the family Ranunculaceae, native to southeastern Canada and the northeastern United States, used widely in traditional medicine to treat functional disorders of gastrointestinal(280), including atonic dyspepsia, chronic constipation, liver toxicity(281), etc.
Berberine, a compound found in goldenseal has demonstrated significant anti-fungal activity(282)(283)(284) by preventing candida yeasts from producing lipase, an enzyme involved in colonization.
4. Oregano(Origanum vulgare) Oil
Oregano is a common species of Origanum, belongings to the family Lamiaceae, native to warm-temperate western and southwestern Eurasia and the Mediterranean region.
Carvacrol, a monoterpenoid phenol phytochemical found in oregano oil inhibited the growth of several bacteria strains(285), including candida albicans due to its antimicrobial properties that disrupt the bacteria membrane(286).
5. Cinnamon
Cinnamon is a spice obtained from the inner bark of trees from the genus Cinnamomum, belongings to the family Lauraceae, used in traditional medicine to treat digestive system disorders (287)(289), insulin sensitive(288)(290) and enhance the immune system in regulated cells growth due to its antioxidant activity(290).
The Cinnamon essential oil has antimicrobial properties(291)(292), which can prevent, limit or destroy fungal overgrowth(293).
6. Allspice
Allspice also called Jamaica pepper is a spice of dried unripe fruit of Pimenta dioica, belongings to the family Myrtaceae, native to southern Mexico and Central America. The herb has been used in folk medicine in relieving indigestion and gas(294) and as a deodorant.
Phenylpropene found in allspice volatile oils has shown to exhibit an antimicrobial property(295), including Candida albicans(296)
7. Lavender(Lavandula angustifolia)
The lavender is a genus Lavandula of flowering plants in the mint family Lamiaceae, originated in Asia, used in herbal medicine to treat microbial infection(297) for the skin and reduce inflammation(298)(299).
Its essential oil components linalool and linalyl acetate showed both fungistatic and fungicidal activity(300)(301) against C. albicans strains in reducing fungal progression and the spread of infection in host tissue(301).
8. Chamomile
Chamomile is a common name for several daisy-like plants, genus Matricaria belongings to the family Asteraceae, native to Europe and western Asia used in traditional medicine to aid sleep(302), treat diarrhea(303) and reduce oxidative stress(304). Chamomile containing a high amount of flavonoids is best known for its antioxidant(303), such as antiseptic and antibiotic properties against virus bacteria invasion(305)(306(307)) including candida albicans (308).
Natural Medicine for Fatty Liver And Obesity Reversal - The Revolutionary Findings To Achieve Optimal Health And Lose Weight
How To Get Rid Of Eye Floaters
Contrary To Professional Prediction, Floaters Can Be Cured Naturally
Ovarian Cysts And PCOS Elimination
Holistic System In Existence That Will Show You How To
Permanently Eliminate All Types of Ovarian Cysts Within 2 Months
Back to Kyle J. Norton's Homepage http://kylejnorton.blogspot.ca
Author Biography
Kyle J. Norton (Scholar, Master of Nutrition, All right reserved)
Health article writer and researcher; Over 10.000 articles and research papers have been written and published online, including worldwide health, ezine articles, article base, health blogs, self-growth, best before it's news, the Karate GB Daily, etc.,.
Named TOP 50 MEDICAL ESSAYS FOR ARTISTS & AUTHORS TO READ by Disilgold.com Named 50 of the best health Tweeters Canada - Huffington Post
Nominated for shorty award over last 4 years
Some articles have been used as references in medical research, such as the international journal Pharma and Bioscience, ISSN 0975-6299.
Sources
(a) Plant Products as Antimicrobial Agents by Marjorie Murphy Cowan(PMC)
(b) Effect of diallyl disulphide on an antioxidant enzyme system in Candida species by Yousuf S1, Ahmad A, Khan A, Manzoor N, Khan LA(PubMed)
(1) Non-albicans Candida spp. causing fungaemia: pathogenicity and antifungal resistance by Krcmery V1, Barnes AJ. (PubMed)
(2) Pathogenicity and drug resistance in Candida albicans and other yeast species. A review by Mishra NN1, Prasad T, Sharma N, Payasi A, Prasad R, Gupta DK, Singh R.(PubMed)
(3) Multidrug resistance in yeast Candida by Prasad R1, Kapoor K.(PubMed)
(4) New evidence that Candida albicans possesses additional ATP-binding cassette MDR-like genes: implications for antifungal azole resistance. by Walsh TJ1, Kasai M, Francesconi A, Landsman D, Chanock SJ. (PubMed)
(5) Mechanisms of resistance to azole antifungal agents in Candida albicans isolates from AIDS patients involve specific multidrug transporters. by Sanglard D1, Kuchler K, Ischer F, Pagani JL, Monod M, Bille J.(PubMed)
(6) Structural analysis of phospho-D-mannan-protein complexes isolated from yeast and mold form cells of Candida albicans NIH A-207 serotype A strain by Shibata N1, Fukasawa S, Kobayashi H, Tojo M, Yonezu T, Ambo A, Ohkubo Y, Suzuki S.(PubMed)
(7) The effect of antifungal combination on transcripts of a subset of drug-resistance genes in clinical isolates of Candida species induced biofilms by Ibrahim NH1, Melake NA2, Somily AM3, Zakaria AS4, Baddour MM5, Mahmoud AZ6(PubMed)
(8) Antifungal drug resistance in pathogenic fungi. by Vanden Bossche H1, Dromer F, Improvisi I, Lozano-Chiu M, Rex JH, Sanglard D.(PubMed)
(9) The genetic basis of fluconazole resistance development in Candida albicans by Morschhäuser J1.(PubMed)
(10) A proteomic approach to understanding the development of multidrug-resistant Candida albicans strains by Kusch H1, Biswas K, Schwanfelder S, Engelmann S, Rogers PD, Hecker M, Morschhäuser J.(PubMed)(247) The role of vitamin E in T-cell differentiation and the decrease of cellular immunity with aging. by Moriguchi S1.(PubMed)
(270) Antimicrobial activity of aqueous extracts and of berberine isolated from Berberis heterophylla by Freile ML1, Giannini F, Pucci G, Sturniolo A, Rodero L, Pucci O, Balzareti V, Enriz RD.(PubMed)
(271) Berberis aetnensis C. Presl. extracts: antimicrobial properties and interaction with ciprofloxacin. Musumeci R1, Speciale A, Costanzo R, Annino A, Ragusa S, Rapisarda A, Pappalardo MS, Iauk L.(PubMed)
(272) In vitro biological assessment of Berberis vulgaris and its active constituent, berberine: antioxidants, anti-acetylcholinesterase, anti-diabetic and anticancer effects. Abd El-Wahab AE, Ghareeb DA1, Sarhan EE, Abu-Serie MM, El Demellawy MA. (PubMed)
(273) Inhibition of biofilm formation and lipase in Candida albicans by culture filtrate of Staphylococcus epidermidis in vitro. Bhattacharyya S1, Gupta P2, Banerjee G2, Jain A2, Singh M2.(PubMed)
(274) Differential Candida albicans lipase gene expression during alimentary tract colonization and infection. Schofield DA1, Westwater C, Warner T, Balish E.(PubMed)
(275) Medicinal Plants in Australia Volume 4: An Antipodean Apothecary
(276) Ellagitannin(Wikipedia)
(2377) Oil of clover(Wikipedia)
(278) Anti-virulence potential of eugenyl acetate against pathogenic bacteria of medical importance by Musthafa KS1, Voravuthikunchai SP. (PubMed)
(279) Immunomodulatory activity of geranial, geranial acetate, gingerol, and eugenol essential oils: evidence for humoral and cell-mediated responses. Farhath S1, Vijaya P1, Vimal M2.(PubMed)
(280) Investigations into the antibacterial activities of phytotherapeutics against Helicobacter pylori and Campylobacter jejuni by Cwikla C1, Schmidt K, Matthias A, Bone KM, Lehmann R, Tiralongo E.(PubMed)
(281) Protective effects of goldenseal (Hydrastis canadensis L.) on acetaminophen-induced hepatotoxicity through inhibition of CYP2E1 in ratsby Yamaura K1, Shimada M, Nakayama N, Ueno K.(PubMed)
(282) In vitro antifungal activity of the berberine and its synergism with fluconazole by Iwazaki RS1, Endo EH, Ueda-Nakamura T, Nakamura CV, Garcia LB, Filho BP.(PubMed)
(283) Synthesis of 13-(substituted benzyl) berberine and berberrubine derivatives as antifungal agents by Park KD1, Lee JH, Kim SH, Kang TH, Moon JS, Kim SU.(PubMed)
(284) Molecular mechanisms of action of herbal antifungal alkaloid berberine, in Candida albicans by Dhamgaye S1, Devaux F2, Vandeputte P3, Khandelwal NK4, Sanglard D3, Mukhopadhyay G5, Prasad R4.(PubMed)
(285) Effect of two monoterpene phenols on antioxidant defense system in Candida albicans by Khan A1, Ahmad A2, Ahmad Khan L3, Padoa CJ4, van Vuuren S5, Manzoor N6.(PubMed)
(286) Fungicidal activity of thymol and carvacrol by disrupting ergosterol biosynthesis and membrane integrity against Candidaby Ahmad A1, Khan A, Akhtar F, Yousuf S, Xess I, Khan LA, Manzoor N.(PubMed)
(287) Gastroprotective, cytoprotective and antioxidant effects of Oleum cinnamomi on ethanol induced damage by Ozbayer C1, Kurt H, Ozdemir Z, Tuncel T, Moheb Saadat S, Burukoglu D, Senturk H, Degirmenci I, Gunes HV. (PubMed)
(288) Cinnamon may have therapeutic benefits on lipid profile, liver enzymes, insulin resistance, and high-sensitivity C-reactive protein in nonalcoholic fatty liver disease patients by Askari F1, Rashidkhani B2, Hekmatdoost A3. (PubMed)
(289) Regular ingestion of cinnamon cortex pulveratus offers gastroprotective activity in mice by Tankam JM1, Sawada Y, Ito M.(PubMed)
(290) An overview of chemical composition, bioactivity, and processing of leaves of Cinnamomum tamala by Sharma V1, Rao LJ. (PubMed)
(291) Antimicrobial activities of commercial essential oils and their components against food-borne pathogens and food spoilage bacteria by Mith H1, Duré R2, Delcenserie V2, Zhiri A3, Daube G2, Clinquart A2.(PubMed)
(292) The antibacterial and antifungal activity of essential oils extracted from Guatemalan medicinal plants by Miller AB1, Cates RG, Lawrence M, Soria JA, Espinoza LV, Martinez JV, Arbizú DA.(PubMed)
(293) Anticandidal efficacy of cinnamon oil against planktonic and biofilm cultures of Candida parapsilosis and Candida orthopsilosis by Pires RH1, Montanari LB, Martins CH, Zaia JE, Almeida AM, Matsumoto MT, Mendes-Giannini MJ.(PubMed)
(294) Properties and Uses for Herbs and Spices
(295) Fumigant activity of (E)-anethole identified in Illicium verum fruit against Blattella germanica by Chang KS1, Ahn YJ.(PubMed)
(296) Antimicrobial activity of the essential oil from Lippia sidoides, carvacrol and thymol against oral pathogens by Botelho MA1, Nogueira NA, Bastos GM, Fonseca SG, Lemos TL, Matos FJ, Montenegro D, Heukelbach J, Rao VS, Brito GA.(PubMed)
(297) Hydrolates from lavender (Lavandula angustifolia) - their chemical composition as well as aromatic, antimicrobial and antioxidant properties by Prusinowska R1, Śmigielski K, Stobiecka A, Kunicka-Styczyńska A.(PubMed)
(298) Antioxidant capacity and total phenolic contents of oregano (Origanum vulgare), lavender (Lavandula angustifolia) and lemon balm (Melissa officinalis) from Romania by Spiridon I1, Colceru S, Anghel N, Teaca CA, Bodirlau R, Armatu A.(PubMed)
(299) Lavender essential oil inhalation suppresses allergic airway inflammation and mucous cell hyperplasia in a murine model of asthma by Ueno-Iio T1, Shibakura M2, Yokota K1, Aoe M1, Hyoda T1, Shinohata R1, Kanehiro A3, Tanimoto M3, Kataoka M1.(PubMed)
(300) Lavandula luisieri essential oil as a source of antifungal drugs by Zuzarte M1, Gonçalves MJ, Cruz MT, Cavaleiro C, Canhoto J, Vaz S, Pinto E, Salgueiro L.(PubMed)(301) Antifungal activity of phenolic-rich Lavandula multifida L. essential oil by Zuzarte M1, Vale-Silva L, Gonçalves MJ, Cavaleiro C, Vaz S, Canhoto J, Pinto E, Salgueiro L.(PubMed)
(302) Hypnotic activities of chamomile and passiflora extracts in sleep-disturbed rats by Shinomiya K1, Inoue T, Utsu Y, Tokunaga S, Masuoka T, Ohmori A, Kamei C.(PubMed)
(303) Antidiarrheal and antioxidant activities of chamomile (Matricaria recutita L.) decoction extract in rats by Sebai H1, Jabri MA2, Souli A3, Rtibi K3, Selmi S3, Tebourbi O4, El-Benna J5, Sakly M4.
(PubMed)
(304) Induction of heme oxygenase-1 by chamomile protects murine macrophages against oxidative stress by Bhaskaran N1, Shukla S, Kanwal R, Srivastava JK, Gupta S.(PubMed)
(305) Study of antimicrobial activity of chamomile oil by Aggag ME, Yousef RT.(PubMed)
(306) Phenolic acids profile, antioxidant and antibacterial activity of chamomile, common yarrow and immortelle (Asteraceae)by Mekinić IG, Skroza D, Ljubenkov I, Krstulović L, Možina SS, Katalinić V.(PubMed)
(307) A novel colorimetric broth microdilution method to determine the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of antibiotics and essential oils against Helicobacter pylori by Weseler A1, Geiss HK, Saller R, Reichling J.(PubMed)
(308) All-natural composite wound dressing films of essential oilsencapsulated in sodium alginate with antimicrobial properties by Liakos I1, Rizzello L2, Scurr DJ3, Pompa PP2, Bayer IS4, Athanassiou A5.(PubMed)
The Liver Protective #HerbalMedicines, According to Studies
Kyle J. Norton
The Western diet contains high saturated fat, trans fat, and other harmful substances such as sugar, caffeine, pesticides, and addictive substances, and less in fruits and vegetables.
These types of harmful substances are toxic and induced a shift in microbiota composition in enhancing susceptibility to Adherent-Invasive E. coli infection and intestinal inflammation(10).
Some researchers suggested that the escalating consumption of fat and sugar in Western countries is associated parallelly in an increased incidence of cardiovascular disease during the latter 20th century(10).
Also, according to the report in The American Journal of Pathology and studied mice module, the Western diet altered the bile acid profile and elevated liver inflammation(12) as well as promoted other Western-pattern diet-related diseases, including nonalcoholic fatty liver disease, metabolic syndrome and non-alcoholic steatohepatitis with liver fibrosis(11).
Our body's detoxified functions try to get rid of them every day. When they fail, the toxins can cause a disruption of hormone production, and damage to our body's detoxification organs and the immune system, leading to hormone imbalance and the development of chronic ailments.
The Natural Remedies Detox And Nourish Your Liver include
1. Milk thistle
Milk thistle, a flowering plant of the daisy family has been traditionally claimed in treating chronic liver disease.
The herbal medicine contains silymarin with impressive functions in protecting liver function and expelling liver toxins.
In a study to compare Cirsium japonicum DC's flavonoids, liver protection against liver toxicity using carbon tetrachloride (CCl4) with silymarin as a positive control, researchers after taking into account other co and founders found that silymarin exerts a clear hepatoprotective effect similar to those of Cirsium japonicum DC's flavonoids against toxins caused by the injection of carbon tetrachloride (CCl4)(1)
Dr. Ma Q, the lead scientist said, "The results indicated that the pretreatment with C. japonicum flavonoids could significantly reverse CCl4-induced L02 cell viability decrease similarly to silymarin".
Silymarin is a mixture of flavonoids from Silybum marianum(milk thistle), a traditional European food plant with clear hepatoprotective effects.
2. Licorice
Licorice is a legume plant native to southern Europe and parts of Asia.
The herbal medicine contains a bioactive compound glycyrrhizin, which demonstrated a significant liver protective effect against liver toxins through suppression of hepatic stellate cell inactivation of liver fibrosis in some studies(3).
According to the seven-day intraperitoneal administration of glycyrrhizin (400 mg/kg/day) to 2- to 3-month-old male C57BL/6N mice (mean weight 27 g) against acetaminophen-induced liver damage observed by activity of alanine transaminase and aspartate aminotransferase, application of glycyrrhizin significantly reversed the increased levels of long-chain acylcarnitines in induction of liver damage and toxicity(2).
Further differentiation of this metabolomic assay, suggested that glycyrrhizin exerts a significant protective effect against acetaminophen-induced liver damage induced by toxic acetaminophen through reversing fatty acid metabolism(2).
3. Tabebuia heptaphylla
Tabebuia heptaphylla is the botanical name of Pau d'Arco
The herbal plant contains alkaloids, flavonoids, sulfur, and essential oils which have a strong effect in enhancing and helping to support immune activity(4).
The herb displayed a strong hepaprotective effect against liver damage and toxicity, probably due to the major bioactive compound flavonoids(4).
4. Stilingia root
Stilinga root not only strengthens the immune cells but also prevents and treats food allergies and eczema by stimulating the removal of toxins accumulation in the liver caused by long-term eating of preservatives, canned foods, fast foods, and excessive alcohol drinking.
According to the Scovill's compound syrup of sarsaparilla and stillingia, or, Blood and liver syrup for the cure of scrofula and all diseases of the blood and liver by A.L. Scovill & Co, stillingia root processes a strong hepaprotective effect against liver disease and liver toxins.
5. Prickly ash
Prickly ash is also known as a toothache tree. It has been used traditionally as a digestive aid and to strengthen the nervous system. Prickly ash is considered a tonic and stimulant herb for the liver and gallbladder.
As a holistic cleanser, Prickly ash eliminates toxins, including liver toxicity(5).
6. St. John Wort
St. John wort is also known as Tipton weed or Klamath weed.
The herb has been used popularly for its effect in ameliorated depression.
Major bioactive flavonoids and 3-O-coumaroylquinic acid process anti-inflammation and antioxidant effects in stimulating the immune system in fighting allergies and in protecting the liver against toxins(6).
.
Dr. Aydin A and colleagues in the study of the effects of St. John wort on hepatic ischemia suggested that the application of H. perforatum on a rat model exerts strong liver protection against hepatic ischemia locally and systemically(6),
Its chromone glycosides also showed moderate hepatoprotective activity with EC(50) values of 160.2 microM and 217.7 microM, respectively, against tacrine-induced cytotoxicity in HepG2 cells(7).
7. Fennel
Fennel contains anethole, polymers, and essential oil with the function of improving the liver and pancreas in the metabolism of fats and sugars.
The herbal medicine also has a strong effect on dissolved fat deposits in the body and restored damaged liver cells that cause jaundice, hepatitis, and other liver disorders(8)(9).
Natural Medicine for Fatty Liver And Obesity Reversal - The Revolutionary Findings To Achieve Optimal Health And Lose Weight
How To Get Rid Of Eye Floaters
Contrary To Professional Prediction, Floaters Can Be Cured Naturally
Ovarian Cysts And PCOS Elimination
Holistic System In Existence That Will Show You How To
Permanently Eliminate All Types of Ovarian Cysts Within 2 Months
Back to Kyle J. Norton's Homepage http://kylejnorton.blogspot.ca
Author Biography
Kyle J. Norton (Scholar, Master of Nutrition, All right reserved)
Health article writer and researcher; Over 10.000 articles and research papers have been written and published online, including worldwide health, ezine articles, article base, health blog, self-growth, best before it's news, the Karate GB Daily, etc.,.
Named TOP 50 MEDICAL ESSAYS FOR ARTISTS & AUTHORS TO READ by Disilgold.com Named 50 of the best health Tweeters Canada - Huffington Post
Nominated for shorty award over last 4 years
Some articles have been used as references in medical research, such as the international journal Pharma and Bioscience, ISSN 0975-6299.
Sources
(1) Hepatoprotective effect of flavonoids from Cirsium japonicum DC on hepatotoxicity in comparison with silymarin by Ma Q1, Wang LH, Jiang JG(PubMed)
(2) Targeted metabolomic study indicating glycyrrhizin’s protection against acetaminophen-induced liver damage through reversing fatty acid metabolism by Yu J, Jiang YS, Jiang Y, Peng YF, Sun Z, Dai XN, Cao QT, Sun YM, Han JC, Gao YJ(PubMed)
(3) Protective mechanisms of medicinal plants targeting hepatic stellate cell activation and extracellular matrix deposition in liver fibrosis by Florent Duval, Jorge E Moreno-Cuevas, María Teresa González-Garza,Carlos Rodríguez-Montalvo, and Delia Elva Cruz-Vega(PMC)
(4) Natural Products and Cancer Signaling: Isoprenoids, Polyphenols, and Flavonoids by Chin-Lin Hsu*†, Gow-Chin Yen‡§1, in The Enzymes, 2014(Science Direct)
(5) Facts and benefits of Prickly Ash(Health Benefits Times)
(6) The effects of Hypericum perforatum on hepatic ischemia-reperfusion injury in rats by Aydin A, Sakrak O, Yilmaz TU, Kerem M(PubMed)
(7) Chromone glycosides and hepatoprotective constituents of Hypericum erectum by An RB1, Jeong GS, Beom JS, Sohn DH, Kim YC(PubMed)
(8) Protective effect of anethol dithiolthione against acetaminophen hepatotoxicity in mice by Warnet JM1, Christen MO, Thevenin M, Biard D, Jacqueson A, Claude JR(PubMed)
(9) Protective mechanism of anethole on hepatic ischemia/reperfusion injury in mice by Cho HI1, Kim KM, Kwak JH, Lee SK, Lee SM(PubMed)
(10)Western diet induces a shift in microbiota composition enhancing susceptibility to Adherent-Invasive E. coli infection and intestinal inflammation by Agus A1, Denizot J1, Thévenot J1,2, Martinez-Medina M1, Massier S1, Sauvanet P1,3, Bernalier-Donadille A4, Denis S2, Hofman P5, Bonnet R1,6, Billard E1,7, Barnich N(PubMed)
(11) Seven weeks of Western diet in apolipoprotein-E-deficient mice induce metabolic syndrome and non-alcoholic steatohepatitis with liver fibrosis by Schierwagen R1, Maybüchen L1, Zimmer S2, Hittatiya K3, Bäck C4, Klein S1, Uschner FE1, Reul W1, Boor P5, Nickenig G2, Strassburg CP1, Trautwein C4, Plat J6, Lütjohann D7, Sauerbruch T1, Tacke F4, Trebicka J(PubMed)
(12) Western Diet Consumption May Increase Risk of Chronic Liver Inflammation in Men by All India | NDTV Food Desk | Updated: July 12, 2017, 16:05 IST(NDTV)
The Western diet contains high saturated fat, trans fat, and other harmful substances such as sugar, caffeine, pesticides, and addictive substances, and less in fruits and vegetables.
These types of harmful substances are toxic and induced a shift in microbiota composition in enhancing susceptibility to Adherent-Invasive E. coli infection and intestinal inflammation(10).
Some researchers suggested that the escalating consumption of fat and sugar in Western countries is associated parallelly in an increased incidence of cardiovascular disease during the latter 20th century(10).
Also, according to the report in The American Journal of Pathology and studied mice module, the Western diet altered the bile acid profile and elevated liver inflammation(12) as well as promoted other Western-pattern diet-related diseases, including nonalcoholic fatty liver disease, metabolic syndrome and non-alcoholic steatohepatitis with liver fibrosis(11).
Our body's detoxified functions try to get rid of them every day. When they fail, the toxins can cause a disruption of hormone production, and damage to our body's detoxification organs and the immune system, leading to hormone imbalance and the development of chronic ailments.
The Natural Remedies Detox And Nourish Your Liver include
1. Milk thistle
Milk thistle, a flowering plant of the daisy family has been traditionally claimed in treating chronic liver disease.
The herbal medicine contains silymarin with impressive functions in protecting liver function and expelling liver toxins.
In a study to compare Cirsium japonicum DC's flavonoids, liver protection against liver toxicity using carbon tetrachloride (CCl4) with silymarin as a positive control, researchers after taking into account other co and founders found that silymarin exerts a clear hepatoprotective effect similar to those of Cirsium japonicum DC's flavonoids against toxins caused by the injection of carbon tetrachloride (CCl4)(1)
Dr. Ma Q, the lead scientist said, "The results indicated that the pretreatment with C. japonicum flavonoids could significantly reverse CCl4-induced L02 cell viability decrease similarly to silymarin".
Silymarin is a mixture of flavonoids from Silybum marianum(milk thistle), a traditional European food plant with clear hepatoprotective effects.
2. Licorice
Licorice is a legume plant native to southern Europe and parts of Asia.
The herbal medicine contains a bioactive compound glycyrrhizin, which demonstrated a significant liver protective effect against liver toxins through suppression of hepatic stellate cell inactivation of liver fibrosis in some studies(3).
According to the seven-day intraperitoneal administration of glycyrrhizin (400 mg/kg/day) to 2- to 3-month-old male C57BL/6N mice (mean weight 27 g) against acetaminophen-induced liver damage observed by activity of alanine transaminase and aspartate aminotransferase, application of glycyrrhizin significantly reversed the increased levels of long-chain acylcarnitines in induction of liver damage and toxicity(2).
Further differentiation of this metabolomic assay, suggested that glycyrrhizin exerts a significant protective effect against acetaminophen-induced liver damage induced by toxic acetaminophen through reversing fatty acid metabolism(2).
3. Tabebuia heptaphylla
Tabebuia heptaphylla is the botanical name of Pau d'Arco
The herbal plant contains alkaloids, flavonoids, sulfur, and essential oils which have a strong effect in enhancing and helping to support immune activity(4).
The herb displayed a strong hepaprotective effect against liver damage and toxicity, probably due to the major bioactive compound flavonoids(4).
4. Stilingia root
Stilinga root not only strengthens the immune cells but also prevents and treats food allergies and eczema by stimulating the removal of toxins accumulation in the liver caused by long-term eating of preservatives, canned foods, fast foods, and excessive alcohol drinking.
According to the Scovill's compound syrup of sarsaparilla and stillingia, or, Blood and liver syrup for the cure of scrofula and all diseases of the blood and liver by A.L. Scovill & Co, stillingia root processes a strong hepaprotective effect against liver disease and liver toxins.
5. Prickly ash
Prickly ash is also known as a toothache tree. It has been used traditionally as a digestive aid and to strengthen the nervous system. Prickly ash is considered a tonic and stimulant herb for the liver and gallbladder.
As a holistic cleanser, Prickly ash eliminates toxins, including liver toxicity(5).
6. St. John Wort
St. John wort is also known as Tipton weed or Klamath weed.
The herb has been used popularly for its effect in ameliorated depression.
Major bioactive flavonoids and 3-O-coumaroylquinic acid process anti-inflammation and antioxidant effects in stimulating the immune system in fighting allergies and in protecting the liver against toxins(6).
.
Dr. Aydin A and colleagues in the study of the effects of St. John wort on hepatic ischemia suggested that the application of H. perforatum on a rat model exerts strong liver protection against hepatic ischemia locally and systemically(6),
Its chromone glycosides also showed moderate hepatoprotective activity with EC(50) values of 160.2 microM and 217.7 microM, respectively, against tacrine-induced cytotoxicity in HepG2 cells(7).
7. Fennel
Fennel contains anethole, polymers, and essential oil with the function of improving the liver and pancreas in the metabolism of fats and sugars.
The herbal medicine also has a strong effect on dissolved fat deposits in the body and restored damaged liver cells that cause jaundice, hepatitis, and other liver disorders(8)(9).
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Author Biography
Kyle J. Norton (Scholar, Master of Nutrition, All right reserved)
Health article writer and researcher; Over 10.000 articles and research papers have been written and published online, including worldwide health, ezine articles, article base, health blog, self-growth, best before it's news, the Karate GB Daily, etc.,.
Named TOP 50 MEDICAL ESSAYS FOR ARTISTS & AUTHORS TO READ by Disilgold.com Named 50 of the best health Tweeters Canada - Huffington Post
Nominated for shorty award over last 4 years
Some articles have been used as references in medical research, such as the international journal Pharma and Bioscience, ISSN 0975-6299.
Sources
(1) Hepatoprotective effect of flavonoids from Cirsium japonicum DC on hepatotoxicity in comparison with silymarin by Ma Q1, Wang LH, Jiang JG(PubMed)
(2) Targeted metabolomic study indicating glycyrrhizin’s protection against acetaminophen-induced liver damage through reversing fatty acid metabolism by Yu J, Jiang YS, Jiang Y, Peng YF, Sun Z, Dai XN, Cao QT, Sun YM, Han JC, Gao YJ(PubMed)
(3) Protective mechanisms of medicinal plants targeting hepatic stellate cell activation and extracellular matrix deposition in liver fibrosis by Florent Duval, Jorge E Moreno-Cuevas, María Teresa González-Garza,Carlos Rodríguez-Montalvo, and Delia Elva Cruz-Vega(PMC)
(4) Natural Products and Cancer Signaling: Isoprenoids, Polyphenols, and Flavonoids by Chin-Lin Hsu*†, Gow-Chin Yen‡§1, in The Enzymes, 2014(Science Direct)
(5) Facts and benefits of Prickly Ash(Health Benefits Times)
(6) The effects of Hypericum perforatum on hepatic ischemia-reperfusion injury in rats by Aydin A, Sakrak O, Yilmaz TU, Kerem M(PubMed)
(7) Chromone glycosides and hepatoprotective constituents of Hypericum erectum by An RB1, Jeong GS, Beom JS, Sohn DH, Kim YC(PubMed)
(8) Protective effect of anethol dithiolthione against acetaminophen hepatotoxicity in mice by Warnet JM1, Christen MO, Thevenin M, Biard D, Jacqueson A, Claude JR(PubMed)
(9) Protective mechanism of anethole on hepatic ischemia/reperfusion injury in mice by Cho HI1, Kim KM, Kwak JH, Lee SK, Lee SM(PubMed)
(10)Western diet induces a shift in microbiota composition enhancing susceptibility to Adherent-Invasive E. coli infection and intestinal inflammation by Agus A1, Denizot J1, Thévenot J1,2, Martinez-Medina M1, Massier S1, Sauvanet P1,3, Bernalier-Donadille A4, Denis S2, Hofman P5, Bonnet R1,6, Billard E1,7, Barnich N(PubMed)
(11) Seven weeks of Western diet in apolipoprotein-E-deficient mice induce metabolic syndrome and non-alcoholic steatohepatitis with liver fibrosis by Schierwagen R1, Maybüchen L1, Zimmer S2, Hittatiya K3, Bäck C4, Klein S1, Uschner FE1, Reul W1, Boor P5, Nickenig G2, Strassburg CP1, Trautwein C4, Plat J6, Lütjohann D7, Sauerbruch T1, Tacke F4, Trebicka J(PubMed)
(12) Western Diet Consumption May Increase Risk of Chronic Liver Inflammation in Men by All India | NDTV Food Desk | Updated: July 12, 2017, 16:05 IST(NDTV)
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