Ginger, the Remedy Effect On Fat and Glucose Metabolism Under Stress

By Kyle J. Norton

Scientists may have found a pungent spice which improves the fat and glucose metabolism under  stress, according to studies.

Psychological stress is the expression of emotion and physiology when the events happened to an individual going beyond his/her coping ability.

However, the coping resources for coping with the stress of each individual are quite different. Some can cope better than others when dealing with the same unfortunate events.

Psychologic stress was found to induce physiologic responses, leading to physical symptoms and disease. In some cases, the impacts of psychologic stress can result in the worsening of individuals' medical conditions.

According to the epidemiological studies, chronic psychological stress can cause symptoms anxiety and nervousness, panic attacks, physical sensations of anxiety, tendencies to predict the worst, conflict avoidance, muscle tension, tremors, headaches, low/excessive motivation. 

If you have experienced some of the above symptoms, you may have chronic psychological stress, please make sure you check with your doctor to rule out the possibility.

Some researchers suggested that psychological stress can increase or decrease the production of certain hormones, causing a significant change in one life physically and psychologically, if the change has become chronic.

Dr. Salam Ranabir, the lead scientist in examing the stress impacts on hormones, said, "In the modern environment one is exposed to various stressful conditions. Stress can lead to changes in the serum level of many hormones including glucocorticoids, catecholamines, growth hormone, and prolactin"

And, " Some of these changes are necessary for the fight or flight response to protect oneself. Some of these stress responses can lead to endocrine disorders like Graves’ disease, gonadal dysfunction, psychosexual dwarfism, and obesity. Stress can also alter the clinical status of many preexisting endocrine disorders such as precipitation of adrenal crisis and thyroid storm".

These results suggested clearly that people under long-term stress are susceptible to the onset of abnormal hormone-related diseases and syndrome.

Ginger (Zingiber officinale) or ginger root, the second superfood used for thousands of years by mankind, is the genus Zingiber, belonging to the family Zingiberaceae, native to Tamil.

The root has been used in traditional and Chinese medicine for the treatment of dyspepsia, gastroparesis, constipation, edema, difficult urination, colic, etc.

Researchers on finding natural ingredients for the improvement of fat and glucose metabolism examined the effects of individual spice including ginger physiological responses to high-fat meals.

These results strongly suggested that a meal containing a high antioxidant spice blend attenuated postprandial lipemia by 30% compared to a low spice meal through the influence of acute psychological stress on fat metabolism.

The a 2 x 2, randomized, 4-period crossover design  in 20 healthy but overweight adults, researchers compared the effects of 14.5 g spices (black pepper, cinnamon, cloves, garlic, ginger, oregano, paprika, rosemary, and turmeric) vs. placebo incorporated into a high fat meal (1000 kcal, 45 g fat), followed by psychological stress (Trier Social Stress Test) vs. rest on postprandial metabolism.

According to the blood sample collected at baseline and at 105, 140, 180, and 210 minutes for analysis of triglycerides, glucose, and insulin, the levels of serum triglycerides, glucose and insulin were elevated following the meal.

Application of spices, including ginger reduced post-meal triglycerides by 31% followed by the rest condition (p = 0.048), however, this effect was not presented during stress.

Furthermore, the significant increase of acute stress of the tested subjects also had a strong impact to negate the activity of spice on levels of glucose or insulin.

Moreover, The spice blend and several of the individual spices dose-dependently inhibited PL and PLA2activity in vitro.

Where Phospholipase (PL) and Phospholipase A2 (PLA) are associated with the development of stress and inflammation.

Dr. the lead scientist after taking into account co and confounders said, "spices may attenuate postprandial lipemia via inhibition of PL and PLA2. However, the impact of psychological stress negates any influence of the spice blend on triglycerides, and further, increases blood glucose and insulin".

The finding strongly suggested ginger showed no effects in inhibiting triglycerides and modulating the levels of glucose and insulin in people who are under constant psychological stress.

Interestingly, in order to reveal more information about ginger against psychological stress, researchers evaluated the activity 6-gingerol on C. elegans.

The bioactive compound 6-gingerol was isolated from the most active ethyl acetate soluble fraction of ginger and showed an elevated survival rate of worms against stressful environment including thermal, osmotic, and oxidative conditions.

The results were attributed to the 6-gingerol activity in the elevated the antioxidant enzyme activities of C. elegans, in the reduction of intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) accumulation in worms in a dose-dependent manner.

More importantly, the injection of 6-gingerol demonstrated that the increased stress tolerance of 6-gingerol-mediated worms could result from the promotion of stress resistance proteins such as heat shock protein (HSP-16.2) and superoxide dismutase (SOD-3). 

Taken all together, ginger exerted significant antioxidative stress through its bioactive compound compared to no effects in modulating the triglycerides, blood glucose, and insulin if a person is under acute psychological stress.

Natural Medicine for Fatty Liver And Obesity Reversal - The Revolutionary Findings To Achieve Optimal Health And Lose Weight

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Ovarian Cysts And PCOS Elimination
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Permanently Eliminate All Types of Ovarian Cysts Within 2 Months

Back to Kyle J. Norton Homepage http://kylejnorton.blogspot.ca


Author Biography
Kyle J. Norton (Scholar, Master of Nutrition, All right reserved)
Health article writer and researcher; Over 10.000 articles and research papers have been written and published online, including worldwide health, ezine articles, article base, health blogs, self-growth, best before it's news, the karate GB daily, etc.,.
Named TOP 50 MEDICAL ESSAYS FOR ARTISTS & AUTHORS TO READ by Disilgold.com Named 50 of the best health Tweeters Canada - Huffington Post
Nominated for shorty award over last 4 years
Some articles have been used as references in medical research, such as international journal Pharma ISSN 0975-6299.

Sources
(1) Longevity and Stress Resistant Property of 6-Gingerol from Zingiber officinale Roscoe in Caenorhabditis elegans by Eun Byeol Lee,1 Jun Hyeong Kim,1 Chang Wan An,1 Yeong Jee Kim,1 Yun Jeong Noh,1Su Jin Kim,1 Ju-Eun Kim,1 Abinash Chandra Shrestha,1 Ha-Neul Ham,1 Jae-Yoon Leem,1Hyung-Kwon Jo,2 Dae-Sung Kim,2 Kwang Hyun Moon,3 Jeong Ho Lee,3 Kyung Ok Jeong,3 andDae Keun Kim. (PubMed)
(2) Effects of culinary spices and psychological stress on postprandial lipemia and lipase activity: results of a randomized crossover study and in vitro experiments by Cindy E McCrea, Sheila G West, Penny M Kris-Etherton, Joshua D Lambert, Trent L Gaugler,Danette L Teeter, Katherine A Sauder, Yeyi Gu, Shannon L Glisan, and Ann C Skulas-Ray. (PMC)
(3) Stress and hormones by Salam Ranabir and K. Reetu. (PMC)

Ginger, the Natural Antibiotics Alternative Functional Spice

By Kyle J. Norton

Ginger may be considered a natural antibiotics alternative for the treatment of Candida albicans overgrowth without inducing any side effects, some scientists suggested.

Candida albicans is an opportunistic pathogenic yeast formed part of the commensal gastrointestinal mycobiota.

Candida albicans overgrowth is the most prevalent cause of fungal infections in human.

Epidemiological studies strongly suggested that long-term users of antibiotics that cause an imbalance of the gut microbiome, weakened the immune system, unhealthy diet, and women who are pregnant and hormone imbalance of hormone near menstruation are susceptible to the onset of the condition.

If you experience symptoms of oral thrush, recurring genital or urinary tract infections, persistently digestive issues, joint pain. particularly, in the skin and nail fungal infections, you may have a yeast infection.

Please check with your doctor to rule the Candida albicans overgrowth possibility.

Dr. Carol A. Kumamoto in the research team of infectious diseases in the study "Inflammation and gastrointestinal Candida colonization" suggested that a Candida albicans overgrowth can be caused by other medical conditions, associated to a digestive disorder.

In the study, the doctor wrote, "Recent studies, however, show that high-level Candida colonization is associated with several diseases of the gastrointestinal tract. Further, results from animal models argue that Candida colonization delays healing of inflammatory lesions and that inflammation promotes colonization".

And, "Both inflammatory bowel disease and gastrointestinal Candida colonization are associated with elevated levels of the pro-inflammatory cytokine IL-17. Therefore, effects on IL-17 levels may underlie the ability of Candida colonization to enhance inflammation".

These results strongly suggested, inflammation flames the overgrowth of Candida colonization in return, the overgrowth of Candida albicans induces persistently low-grade inflammation.

Ginger (Zingiber officinale) or ginger root, the second superfood used for thousands of years by mankind, is the genus Zingiber, belonging to the family Zingiberaceae, native to Tamil.

The root has been used in traditional and Chinese medicine to treat dyspepsia, gastroparesis, constipation, edema, difficult urination, colic, etc.

With an aim to find the natural ingredient or whole food for the replacement of the conventional antibiotics without inducing any effects, researchers at the Teikyo University Institute of Medical Mycology, investigated the effect of ginger against infection caused by Candida albicans.

 4 preparations of the essential oils of young and mature rhizomes, air-dried and steamed rhizomes, and seed rhizomes of Zingiber officinale Roscoe (ginger) were compared in the study.

* All ginger essential oils processed a significant anti-Candida albicans activity.

* Essential oil from the seed and air-dried rhizomes, exerted the highest effect compared to other preparations.

* The seed and air-dried rhizomes essential oils also had a potent inhibitory activity compared to ginger oleoresins obtained by ethanol and hypercritical carbon dioxide extraction and essential oils of 5 other plants in the family Zingiberaceae.

According to the chemical constituents assay, [6]-shogaol was most active against filament formation and growth of C. albicans, followed by citral and [6]-gingerol.

Futhermore, ginger oleoresin, especially that obtained by ethanol extraction, with a high [6]-gingerol content exhibited potent anti the growth of C. albicans compared to essential oils of ginger and other Zingiberaceae plants.

Moreover, a vitro joint study by the Institute of Science and Technology, researchers launched an investigation to evaluate the antimicrobial activity of 2% chlorhexidine gel (CHX) isolated from the ginger as auxiliary chemical substance and intracanal medications on Candida albicans.

The study included 48 single-rooted human teeth randomly divided into fourr groups (n = 12), according to intracanal medications used: (1) Calcium hydroxide + apyrogenic saline solution (Ca(OH)2 + SS), (2) 20% ginger glycolic extract (GEN), (3) calcium hydroxide + 20% ginger glycolic extract (Ca(OH)2 + GEN), (4) apyrogenic SS (control). 

At the end of the experiment, researchers found that

* CHX was effective in the complete elimination of E. coli and C. albicans.

* ChX also significantly reduced and then completely eliminated E. faecalis after intracanal medication.

* All other applications also revealed a reduction of endotoxins, the outer membrane of the cell wall of Gram-negative bacteria.

In the final report, the research team concluded, "CHX and intracanal medication used were able to eliminate the microorganisms from the root canal; the endotoxins were reduced, yet not completely eliminated".

These result strongly suggested that ginger bioactive compound processes a significant antibacterial activity, particularly in those of C. albicans.

Taken altogether, there is no doubt that ginger may be considered a functional food for the prevention and combined with primary medicine for the treatment of yeast infection with no side effects.

Natural Medicine for Fatty Liver And Obesity Reversal - The Revolutionary Findings To Achieve Optimal Health And Lose Weight

How To Get Rid Of Eye Floaters
Contrary To Professionals Prediction, Floaters Can Be Cured Naturally

Ovarian Cysts And PCOS Elimination
Holistic System In Existence That Will Show You How To
Permanently Eliminate All Types of Ovarian Cysts Within 2 Months

Back to Kyle J. Norton Homepage http://kylejnorton.blogspot.ca


Author Biography
Kyle J. Norton (Scholar, Master of Nutrition, All right reserved)
Health article writer and researcher; Over 10.000 articles and research papers have been written and published online, including worldwide health, ezine articles, article base, health blogs, self-growth, best before it's news, the karate GB daily, etc.,.
Named TOP 50 MEDICAL ESSAYS FOR ARTISTS & AUTHORS TO READ by Disilgold.com Named 50 of the best health Tweeters Canada - Huffington Post
Nominated for shorty award over last 4 years
Some articles have been used as references in medical research, such as international journal Pharma and Bioscience, ISSN 0975-6299.

Sources
(1) Anti-Candida and radical scavenging activities of essential oils and oleoresins of Zingiber officinale Roscoe and essential oils of other plants belonging to the family Zingiberaceae by Takahashi M1, Inouye S, Abe S.(PubMed)
(2) Action of Chlorhexidine, Zingiber officinale, and Calcium Hydroxide on Candidaalbicans, Enterococcus faecalis, Escherichia coli, and Endotoxin in the Root Canals by Valera MC1, Oliveira SA2, Maekawa LE2, Cardoso FG3, Chung A2, Silva SF2, Carvalho CA2. (PubMed)
(3) Inflammation and gastrointestinal Candida colonization by Carol A. Kumamoto. (PMC)

Papaya, the Potential Functional Food for the Treatment of Anemia

By Kyle J. Norton

Scientists may have found a whole fruit for the treatment of anemia with no side effects, according to studies.

Anemia is a medical condition associated with a lack of healthy red blood cells or hemoglobin in the blood.

Iron deficiency anemia is one of most common anemia, caused by poor iron levels in the blood, leading to the reduced delivery of oxygen throughout your body.

There are many risk factors involved the onset of the condition. Blood loss, such as from heavy menstrual bleeding, an ulcer, cancer and regular use of some over-the-counter pain relievers, especially aspirin are some of the most common prevalent risk factors.

People with a long-term deficiency of folate and vitamin B-12 which play a critical role in the production of healthy red blood cells are also at an increased risk of Amenia.

Also, people with the mutated gene inherited from the parent are at substantial risk of the disease. the Duliajan College study suggested that certain gene such as βE-Globin Gene is associated with the onset of anemia.

Dr. SK Sharma, the lead scientists in examine the anemia in India population surprisingly found that there is a high prevalence of anemia among children (78.9%), ever-married women (56.2%), pregnant women (57.9%) and ever-married men (24.3%) in India.

The doctor continued after observing the levels of hemoglobin in the tested subjects, " Association of the lower level of hemoglobin,...., was observed in subjects carrying the βE-globin gene. The mean (± SD) hemoglobin levels of the subject with heterozygous and homozygous state of HbE was 10.9 ± 0.95 and 9.7 ± 0.64 g/dL, respectively, against 11.28 ± 1.42 g/dL observed in normal hemoglobin pattern (Hb AA)".

These results clearly stated that amenia may be a genetic preposition related disease that can be reversed in some people.

Papaya is a species of Carica Papaya, belonging to the family Caricaceae and native to the tropics of the Americas, and was first cultivated in Mexico and several centuries.


With an aim to find a natural ingredient or whole food for the treatment of anemia, with no side effect, researchers at the Covenant University, examined the papaya anti-anemia effect in subjects with sickle cell disease (SCD)

Sickle cell disease (SCD)is a genetic disease caused by an individual inheriting an allele for sickle cell hemoglobin from both parents. The disease is associated with unusual production of a large number of immature blood cells.

Application of Carica papaya seed oil (Cari-oil) showed significant effects in reducing the levels of sickle blood cells compared with that of untreated SCD patients.

RBCs in Cari-oil treated samples were significantly higher (P < 0.05) compared with VerMyg, antisickling plant-treated samples.

The Cari-oil extract significantly reduced (P < 0.05) lactate dehydrogenase activity,  in both in male (HbSSM) and female (HbSSF) human sickle cell blood.

Lactate dehydrogenase activity, LDH consistently increased in patients with anemia.

Furthermore, Cari-oil treated HbSSM and HbSSF blood had significantly increased (P < 0.05) peroxidase activity which was a significant decrease in patients with anemia, compared with controls.

Dr. the lead scientist suggested at the end of the experiment, "Methanolic extracts from... C. papaya seed oil exhibited antisickling properties coupled with the potential to reduce stress in sickle cell patients".

Moreover, in patients with beta-thalassemia major and intermedia and E-beta-thalassemia, researchers found that by ameliorating oxidative stress in red blood cells, the disease may be treatable.

In vitro and in vivo, oral administration of FPP to beta-thalassemic mice (50 mg/mouse/day for 3 months) and to patients (3 g x 3 times/day for 3 months), reduced all the above mentioned parameters of oxidative stress (p < 0.001 in mice and p < 0.005 in patients).

The results suggested that FPP, as a potent antioxidant, might alleviate symptoms associated with oxidative stress in severe forms of thalassemia.

In human studies, injection of fermented papaya preparation (FPP) on two groups of beta-thal patients: beta-thal, major and intermedia, (in Israel) and E-beta-thal (in Singapore) increased the production of antioxidant enzymes produced by the host and significantly decreased the levels of ROS.

In other words, fermented papaya preparation (FPP) increased the content of reduced glutathione (GSH) in red blood cells (RBC), and decreased their reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation, membrane lipid peroxidation, and externalization of phosphatidylserine (PS), indicating amelioration of their oxidative status, without a significant change in the hematological parameters.

The finding in human studies indicated it is possible that longer duration of treatment, probably with the addition of an iron chelator, is required in order to achieve a significant change in the hematological parameters.

Taken altogether, Papaya, particularly in fermentation, may be considered a functional for the prevention and treatment of anemia with no side effects.

Natural Medicine for Fatty Liver And Obesity Reversal - The Revolutionary Findings To Achieve Optimal Health And Lose Weight

How To Get Rid Of Eye Floaters
Contrary To Professionals Prediction, Floaters Can Be Cured Naturally

Ovarian Cysts And PCOS Elimination
Holistic System In Existence That Will Show You How To
Permanently Eliminate All Types of Ovarian Cysts Within 2 Months

Back to Kyle J. Norton Homepage http://kylejnorton.blogspot.ca


Author Biography
Kyle J. Norton (Scholar, Master of Nutrition, All right reserved)
Health article writer and researcher; Over 10.000 articles and research papers have been written and published online, including worldwide health, ezine articles, article base, health blogs, self-growth, best before it's news, the karate GB daily, etc.,.
Named TOP 50 MEDICAL ESSAYS FOR ARTISTS & AUTHORS TO READ by Disilgold.com Named 50 of the best health Tweeters Canada - Huffington Post
Nominated for shorty award over last 4 years
Some articles have been used as references in medical research, such as international journal Pharma and Bioscience, ISSN 0975-6299.

References
(1) Solenostemon monostachyus, Ipomoea involucrata and Carica papayaseed oil versus Glutathione, or Vernonia amygdalina: methanolic extracts of novel plants for the management of sickle cell anemia disease by Afolabi IS1, Osikoya IO, Fajimi OD, Usoro PI, Ogunleye DO, Bisi-Adeniyi T, Adeyemi AO, Adekeye BT. (PubMed)
(2) Amelioration of oxidative stress in red blood cells from patients with beta-thalassemia major and intermedia and E-beta-thalassemia following administration of a fermented papaya preparation by Fibach E1, Tan ES, Jamuar S, Ng I, Amer J, Rachmilewitz EA. (PubMed)
(3) Fermented papayapreparation as redox regulator in blood cells of beta-thalassemic mice and patients by Amer J1, Goldfarb A, Rachmilewitz EA, Fibach E(PubMed)
(4) Preliminary in vitro antisickilng properties of crude juice extracts of Persia Americana, Citrus sinensis, Carica papaya and Ciklavit® by Iweala EE1, Uhegbu FO, Ogu GN.(PubMed)

Celery Essential Oil, May Be the Next Generation of Natural Antibiotic Alternative

By Kyle J. Norton

Scientists may have just found a natural alternative antibiotic whole food for the treatment of microbial infection with no side effects, according to studies.

Antibiotics are a group of conventional medicines used for the treatment of bacterial, fungal parasitic,... infection.

Infection is a disease caused by microorganism invasion.

After entering the body, the organisms selectively find a specific tissue or organ to start their multiplication.

Most infectious diseases can be passed from infected person to person or transmitted by bites from insects or animals. 

However, the acquired infectious diseases can also be caused by ingesting contaminated food or water or being exposed to organisms in the environment.

Most organisms before having a chance to induce infection are killed off by the immune system response in the acute phase of infection, through stimulating the production of a proinflammatory cytokine. 

Unfornutely, if the immune system fails to destroy the invasive organism within a set period of times, normally in a few weeks, it will adapt to the change, causing chronic infection.

Dr. Sarah Schmidt Grant, the lead scientist in the examine the persistent bacterial infections, antibiotic tolerance in risk chronic diseases wrote, "Certain bacterial pathogens are able to evade the host immune system and persist within the human host" and " The consequences of persistent bacterial infections potentially include increased morbidity and mortality from the infection itself as well as an increased risk of dissemination of disease".

Why bacteria exerts antibiotic tolerance and induces persistent infections?. It may be a result of overuse of antibiotics, leading to a population or subpopulation of bacteria,  possibly in a non-replicating or metabolically altered state, the doctor explained.

The use of antibiotics most of the time is effective, but in a long-term, the medicine can induce serious side effects. If you are currently taking antibiotics, please make sure you know all the side effects for preventive measure.

Celery is a species of Apium graveolens, belong to the family Apiaceae. The plant is cultivated all around the globe as a vegetable. Celery can grow to 1/2 m tall with stalks (leaf on the top) arranging in a conical shape joined at a common base.

On finding a natural ingredient for the replacement of antibiotic for the prevention and treatment of microbial infection with no side effects, researchers at the Iowa State University evaluated the impact of pH and nitrite from celery juice concentrate (CJ) on the growth of Listeria monocytogenes in broth and on ham slices.

Injection of CJ showed a significant increase in the pH of both broth and ham. Compared to the conventional nitrite, The CJ was less effective at 100 mg/kg nitrite in broth.

However, in ham, the CJ treatments at both 100 and 200 mg/kg resulted in the growth of L. monocytogenes (p>0.05) similar to that of the conventional nitrite at the same concentrations.

Furthermore, researchers also discovered by reducing the pH of CJ before adding to the ham, the CJ demonstrated a greater impact on L. monocytogenes growth at 200 mg/kg nitrite than at 100 mg/kg. 

These results suggested celery juice depending on the concentrate may increase meat product pH associated with the antimicrobial activity in some products.

Additionally, in the investigation of Apium graveolens L. (wild celery), antimicrobial activity, researchers found that application of the essential oil fraction of wild celery displays a significant effect in inhibiting numbers of fungi, Candida albicans, Candida tropicalis, Candida krusei, Candida guilliermondii, Candida parapsilosis, Cryptococcus neoformans, Trichophyton rubrum, Trichophyton mentagrophytes, T. mentagrophytes var. interdigitale, Trichophyton verrucosum, Microsporum Canis, Microsporum gypseum, Epidermophyton floccosum, Aspergillus niger, Aspergillus fumigatus and Aspergillus flavus. 

However, the oil from Italy rich in neophytadiene, member of the class of sesquiterpenoids was more active with the same concentration.

The methanolic extract and the aqueous extracts at the concentration of 300 mg kg(-1) dose exhibited highly significant inhibition of gastric lesions (91% and 95%, respectively), similar to those of conventional medicine omeprazole (94%).

In bacterial inhibition, essential oil of A. graveolens was strongly inhibitory against Escherichia coli and moderately inhibitory against Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Staphylococcus aureus.

The results of this efficacy were attributed to the major components identified were β-pinene, camphene, cumene, limonene, α-thuyene, α-pinene, β-phellendrene, p-cymene, γ-terpinene, sabinene, and terpinolene found in the celery.

Taken altogether, essential oil from the celery may be used for the prevention and treatment of bacterial and fungal infection with no side effects.

Natural Medicine for Fatty Liver And Obesity Reversal - The Revolutionary Findings To Achieve Optimal Health And Lose Weight

How To Get Rid Of Eye Floaters
Contrary To Professionals Prediction, Floaters Can Be Cured Naturally

Ovarian Cysts And PCOS Elimination
Holistic System In Existence That Will Show You How To
Permanently Eliminate All Types of Ovarian Cysts Within 2 Months

Back to Kyle J. Norton Homepage http://kylejnorton.blogspot.ca


Author Biography
Kyle J. Norton (Scholar, Master of Nutrition, All right reserved)
Health article writer and researcher; Over 10.000 articles and research papers have been written and published online, including worldwide health, ezine articles, article base, health blogs, self-growth, best before it's news, the karate GB daily, etc.,.
Named TOP 50 MEDICAL ESSAYS FOR ARTISTS & AUTHORS TO READ by Disilgold.com Named 50 of the best health Tweeters Canada - Huffington Post
Nominated for shorty award over last 4 years
Some articles have been used as references in medical research, such as international journal Pharma and Bioscience, ISSN 0975-6299.
References
(b) The effect of pH and nitrite concentration on the antimicrobial impact of celery juice concentrate compared with conventional sodium nitrite on Listeria monocytogenes by Horsch AM1, Sebranek JG, Dickson JS, Niebuhr SE, Larson EM, Lavieri NA, Ruther BL, Wilson LA. (PubMed)
(c) Isolation of the volatile fraction from Apium graveolens L. (Apiaceae) by supercritical carbon dioxide extraction and hydrodistillation: chemical composition and antifungal activity by Marongiu B1, Piras A, Porcedda S, Falconieri D, Maxia A, Frau MA, Gonçalves MJ, Cavaleiro C, Salgueiro L.(PubMed)
(d) Antiulcerogenic and antibacterial activities of Apium graveolens essential oil and extract by Baananou S1, Bouftira I, Mahmoud A, Boukef K, Marongiu B, Boughattas NA(PubMed)

Phytochemical Allicin, the Anti Malaria bioactive Compound, Scientists Say

By Kyle J. Norton

Scientists may have found a natural ingredient with a similar effect as that of antibiotics for the treatment of malaria with no side effects, according to studies.

Malaria, a mosquito-borne infectious disease caused by parasitic protozoans.

According to the statistic, malaria is one of the most common diseases in Nigeria, affecting over 97% of Nigeria's population. There are an estimated 100 million malaria cases with over 300,000 deaths per year.

Symptoms of malaria tend to occur in cycles, which correspond to the life cycle of the parasite. Most common symptoms include headaches, fatigue, muscle aches, and gastrointestinal discomforts including diarrhea. 

In severe cases, patients with malaria may also experience symptoms of shortness of breath caused by fluid in the lungs and expanded abdomen caused by enlarged spleen hypoglycemia and liver diseases such as jaundice and low blood glucose.

Immune deficiency, pregnant women, newborn baby are prone to the disease if they are bitten by an infected mosquito. 

However, some researchers suggested that where you live may be one of the major risks for the disease onset.

Dr. Wulung Hanandita, the lead scientists in the concern of geography and social distribution of malaria in Indonesian, wrote, "rural Papuans, as well as those who live in poor, densely forested, lowland districts, are at a higher risk of infection than their counterparts. We also find age and gender differentials in malaria prevalence, if only to a small degree".

These results clearly suggested that if you are poor, and live in densely forested, lowland districts (away from the urban world), you are at the increased risk of malaria.

Allicin is phytochemical containing sulfur in the class of organosulfur compound, found abundantly in onion and garlic.

In the concern of widespread malaria infection in the third world where antibiotics are scarce, researchers urgently looked into allicin, the major biologically active component of garlic which has been found to exert a similar effect as that of the Western medicine with no side effects.

On protozoan parasites including Plasmodium, injection of allicin reduced parasitemia and prolonged survival of the host in a dose-dependent manner by improving the host immune responses.

During the experiment, researchers discovered the efficacy of allicin against the tested parasites was attributed to the bioactive compound in stimulating the production of pro inflammatory cytokines.

The numbers of white blood cells such as macrophages were significantly higher in allicin-treated mice.

The promotion of proinflammatory cytokine and immune response by allicin did reduce the function of anti-inflammatory cytokines during the course of the test.

In other words, allicin protects the host against P. yoelii 17XL through enhancement of the host innate and adaptive immune responses.

Furthermore, examining the effect of allicin on sporozoites, researchers found that at low concentrations, allicin was not toxic to either sporozoites or mammalian cells.

In vitro, at these low concentrations, allicin inhibited the circumsporozoite protein (CSP) processing and prevented sporozoite invasion of host cells.

Mice injected with allicin had decreased Plasmodium infections and prevented malaria infection compared to controls.

Moreover, a 4-day regimen of allicin administered either orally or intravenously significantly decreased parasitemias and increased the survival of infected mice by 10 days.

Dr. Coppi A the lead scientist on the final reports said, "these experiments demonstrate that the same cysteine protease inhibitor can target two different life cycle stages in the vertebrate host".

Taken altogether, the results strongly suggested that phytochemical allicin may be considered an alternative antibiotic for the prevention and combined with the primary medicine for the treatment of malaria induced by parasite infection.

Natural Medicine for Fatty Liver And Obesity Reversal - The Revolutionary Findings To Achieve Optimal Health And Lose Weight

How To Get Rid Of Eye Floaters 
Contrary To Professionals Prediction, Floaters Can Be Cured Naturally 

Ovarian Cysts And PCOS Elimination
Holistic System In Existence That Will Show You How To
Permanently Eliminate All Types of Ovarian Cysts Within 2 Months

Back to Kyle J. Norton Homepage http://kylejnorton.blogspot.ca


Author Biography
Kyle J. Norton (Scholar, Master of Nutrition, All right reserved)
Health article writer and researcher; Over 10.000 articles and research papers have been written and published online, including worldwide health, ezine articles, article base, health blogs, self-growth, best before it's news, the karate GB daily, etc.,.
Named TOP 50 MEDICAL ESSAYS FOR ARTISTS & AUTHORS TO READ by Disilgold.com Named 50 of the best health Tweeters Canada - Huffington Post
Nominated for shorty award over last 4 years
Some articles have been used as references in medical research, such as international journal Pharma and Bioscience, ISSN 0975-6299.
References
(1) Allicin enhances host pro-inflammatory immune responses and protects against acute murine malaria infection by Feng Y, Zhu X, Wang Q, Jiang Y, Shang H, Cui L, Cao Y.(PubMed)
(2) Antimalarial activity of allicin, a biologically active compound from garlic cloves by Coppi A, Cabinian M, Mirelman D, Sinnis P.(PubMed)
(3) Geography and social distribution of malaria in Indonesian Papua: a cross-sectional study by Wulung Hanandita and Gindo Tampubolon. (PMC)

3,3'-Diindolylmethane May Be the Potent Anti Breast Cancer Bioactive Ingredient, According to Studies

By Kyle J. Norton

3,3'-Diindolylmethane or DIM may be the next bioactive compound used for the treatment of breast cancer, according to studies.

Breast cancer is a chronic and a medical condition characterized cell growth irregularly in the breast tissue.

Breast cancer is the most common cancer in American women, besides skin cancers. Most cases of breast cancer begin in the cells of the surface of the inner lining of milk ducts (Ductal carcinoma) or the lobules (Lobular carcinoma) that supply the ducts with milk.

In 2010, over 250,000 new cases of breast cancer were diagnosed in women in the U.S. alone, leading to the death of over 41,000 women.  

The risk of getting invasive breast cancer during the lifetime of a woman is 1/8. As of today, there are more than 3.1 million breast cancer survivors in the US.

The 5 years of the survival rate of localized breast cancer is closed to 100%.

The risk factors of breast cancer can be divided into 2 groups

* Preventable risk factors include exposure to ionizing radiation, hormone replacement therapy, use of oral contraceptives, alcohol,  being obese and physical inactivity.

* Unpreventable risk factors include family and personal history, age, race, genetic preposition, dense breast, and reproductive history.

If you are at the higher risk of breast cancer, please make sure you self check your breast every month for preventive measure.

Since breast cancer is so sensitive to levels of the hormone, some scientists suggested that hormonal changes may have a critical impact on the disease.

Dr. Hindle WH in the examination of the hormonal changes in the risk of breast cancer wrote, "Nearly a dozen hormonal hypotheses of breast cancer causes have been proposed -- among them estrogen excess, low luteal-phase progestational activity, adrenal androgen deficiency, ovarian androgen excess, melatonin deficiency, prolactin excess, and thyroid insufficiency".

And, The androgen deficiency hypotheses, however, may have some bearing on premenopausal breast cancer, and the ovarian dysfunction hypothesis may have some bearing on postmenopausal breast cancer".

The results strongly indicated that the risk of breast cancer is associated with the decline production of hormones due to aging.

3,3'-Diindolylmethane or DIM are phytochemicals derived from the digestion of indole-3-carbinol, belonging to the group of Indoles, found abundantly in broccoli, Brussels sprouts, cabbage, and kale, etc.

Researchers on finding a natural compound for the treatment of cancer without the development of toxic side effects and resistance to chemotherapy examined the effect of 3,3'-Diindolylmethane (DIM) on the enhancement of docetaxel (DOC) on breast cancer.

The study included the selected MDA-MB231 and Sk-BR-3 cells treated with and without 25 or 50 µM of DIM and 1 nM of DOC for 48 and 72 h.

Combining 25 µM of DIM with 1 nM DOC showed a significantly decreased cell survival by 42% in MDA-MB231 cells and 59% in Sk-BR-3 cells compared to control and the use of DIM or DOC alone.

The combination treatment increased apoptosis over 20% (p ≤ 0.01) in both cell lines, associated with decreased of proteins involved cell proliferation and survival and activation of JNK involved in the cancer cells apoptosis. 

ROS production induced cancer cells cytotoxicity were increased by 46.5% in the MDA-MB231 and 29.3% in Sk-BR-3 cells with the combination compared to DIM or DOC alone.

The overexpression of ROS was correlated with a 54% decrease in antioxidant MnSOD and 47% increase of free radicals NOX2 protein compared to the other groups.

Dr. Lanza-Jacoby S, the lead scientist concluded, "DIM enhances the sensitivity of breast cancer cells to DOC treatment by increasing ROS, which led to decreased cell survival and apoptosis".

Furthermore, in order to reveal more information about the DIM, researchers investigated the bioactive compound against HER2/neu positive breast tumors.

The differentiation included MDA-MB-435eB1 human Her2/neu breast cancer cells treated with varying concentrations of DIM and paclitaxel.

Both DIM and paclitaxel exhibited time and concentration-dependent inhibition of cell proliferation.

The combination also increased the number of apoptotic cells more than either agent alone, according to tested assays.

Moreover, the combined treatment exerted breast cancer cells apoptosis by inhibiting the proteins associated with cancer cell proliferation and survival and exhibiting the function of enzymes associated with cell death programming.

Additionally, DIM alone inhibited the cancer expression by decreasing the activation of the Her2/neu receptor and the combination decreased the activation of ERK1/ERK2 associated with cancer cell proliferation. 

The results suggested that DIM enhanced the function of chemo medicine against the development and progression of breast cancer.

Taken altogether, DIM used alone may be considered a supplement for the prevention and combined with primary therapy for treatment of breast cancer with reduced side effects, pending to the confirmation of large sample size and multicenter human study.

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Back to Kyle J. Norton Homepage http://kylejnorton.blogspot.ca


Author Biography
Kyle J. Norton (Scholar, Master of Nutrition, All right reserved)
Health article writer and researcher; Over 10.000 articles and research papers have been written and published online, including worldwide health, ezine articles, article base, health blogs, self-growth, best before it's news, the karate GB daily, etc.,.
Named TOP 50 MEDICAL ESSAYS FOR ARTISTS & AUTHORS TO READ by Disilgold.com Named 50 of the best health Tweeters Canada - Huffington Post
Nominated for shorty award over last 4 years
Some articles have been used as references in medical research, such as international journal Pharma and Bioscience, ISSN 0975-6299.

Sources
(1) 3,3'-Diindolylmethane enhances apoptosis in docetaxel-treated breast cancercells by generation of reactive oxygen species by Lanza-Jacoby S1, Cheng G. (PubMed)
(2) 3,3'-diindolylmethane and paclitaxel act synergistically to promote apoptosis in HER2/Neu human breast cancer cells by McGuire KP1, Ngoubilly N, Neavyn M, Lanza-Jacoby S. (PubMed)
(3) Hormone alterations in breast cancer: examining the hypotheses by Hindle WH. (PubMed)

Sinigrin, Inhibits the Risk and Progress of Aberrant Crypt Foci Against Colon Cancer, Researchers Find

By Kyle J. Norton

The bioactive compound Sinigrin may be used for the prevention and treatment of aberrant crypt foci (ACF) in the lining of the colon and rectum, according to studies.

Aberrant crypt foci is a condition of clusters of abnormal tube-like glands in the lining of the colon and rectum. The condition can be subclassified into dysplastic, nondysplastic or mixed type.

Crypt cells of the colon renew the lining of the intestine and produce mucus. 

Epidemiological studies suggested that aberrant crypt foci have been found to form before colorectal polyps, the main cause of colon cancer.

According to the high magnification chromoendoscopy, aberrant cryptic foci are stained darker than normal crypts. 

And, dysplastic ACF is found in 25- 30% of all patients with colon cancer due to genetic preposition of mutation of KRAS.

Where KRAS protein is associated with the regulation of cell proliferation under normal condition.

Dr. Takayama T and colleagues in the investigation of aberrant crypt foci in gene abnormalities and risk of colon cancer, wrote, "ACF, particularly dysplastic ACF, are precursor lesions of the adenoma-carcinoma sequence in humans. In most sporadic ACF, K-ras mutations were positive, but APC mutations were negative irrespective of nondysplastic or dysplastic features".

And, "In most sporadic ACF, K-ras mutations were positive, but APC mutations were negative irrespective of nondysplastic or dysplastic features. Conversely, in most ACF from familial adenomatous polyposis patients, APC mutations were positive but K-ras mutations were negative".

The results strongly support the genetic mutation of gene KRAS involved in the initiation of dysplastic crypt foci.

Sinigrin is a phytochemical glucosinolate, belongs to the family of glucosides found abundantly in Brussels sprouts, broccoli, the seeds of black mustard, etc.

Scientists on finding a bioactive compound for the protection of colonic mucosal crypts against the aberrant crypt foci investigated the effect of oral administration of the isolated glucosinolate sinigrin in the suppression of aberrant crypt foci in the colonic mucosa of rats treated with 1,2-dimethylhydrazine (DMH).

During the experiment, glucosinolate sinigrin found in Brussels sprout modulated crypt cell apoptosis and mitosis, and the frequency of aberrant crypt foci in the colon.

Oral administration of uncooked Brussels sprouts, whether as a juice or as a freeze-dried powder, was associated with significantly enhanced levels of apoptosis and reduced mitosis in the colonic crypts.

The findings strongly suggested that the inhibition of colonic mucosal crypts was attributed to other chemical compounds found in freeze-dried raw, microwave-cooked Brussels sprouts and sprout juice.

In-depth analysis of the activity, researchers found that the efficacy was attributed to the glucosinolate breakdown products derived from Brassica vegetables on the balance of colorectal cell proliferation and death in an animal model of precancerous colon polyp.

Additionally, in order to reveal more information about the sinigrin effects on the colonic mucosal crypts, researchers examined the sinigrin on the intestinal mucosa of rats treated with dimethylhydrazine (DMH).

Sinigrin showed to inhibit the aberrant crypt foci at 18, 24, 38, 48 and 72 h after injection, compared to control groups were given DMH only, or a sham injection.

Before injection of sinigrin, tested rats showed higher numbers of aberrant crypt foci in colonic tissue from both groups of DMH-treated rats and the controls.

Moreover, the experiment of rats given sinigrin (400 microg/g diet) 22 h after the second of two injections of DMH,  showed that sinigrin reduced numbers of ACF by increasing the levels of apoptosis compared to those of higher in DMH-and controls.

The findings clearly support the use of sinigrin for the protection of colonic mucosal crypts.

Taken altogether, sinigrin in forms of glucosinolates, the sulfur compounds may be considered a supplement for the prevention and treatment of aberrant crypt foci, pending to the confirmation of larger sample size and multicenter human study.

Natural Medicine for Fatty Liver And Obesity Reversal - The Revolutionary Findings To Achieve Optimal Health And Lose Weight

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Contrary To Professionals Prediction, Floaters Can Be Cured Naturally 

Ovarian Cysts And PCOS Elimination
Holistic System In Existence That Will Show You How To
Permanently Eliminate All Types of Ovarian Cysts Within 2 Months

Back to Kyle J. Norton Homepage http://kylejnorton.blogspot.ca


Author Biography
Kyle J. Norton (Scholar, Master of Nutrition, All right reserved)
Health article writer and researcher; Over 10.000 articles and research papers have been written and published online, including worldwide health, ezine articles, article base, health blogs, self-growth, best before it's news, the karate GB daily, etc.,.
Named TOP 50 MEDICAL ESSAYS FOR ARTISTS & AUTHORS TO READ by Disilgold.com Named 50 of the best health Tweeters Canada - Huffington Post
Nominated for shorty award over last 4 years
Some articles have been used as references in medical research, such as international journal Pharma and Bioscience, ISSN 0975-6299.

Sources
(1) Effects of Brassica vegetable juice on the induction of apoptosis and aberrant crypt foci in rat colonic mucosal crypts in vivo by Smith TK1, Mithen R, Johnson IT. (PubMed)
(2) Inhibition of dimethylhydrazine-induced aberrant crypt foci and induction of apoptosis in rat colon following oral administration of the glucosinolate sinigrin by Smith TK1, Lund EK, Johnson IT. (PubMed)
(3) Aberrant crypt foci: detection, gene abnormalities, and clinical usefulness by Takayama T1, Miyanishi K, Hayashi T, Kukitsu T, Takanashi K, Ishiwatari H, Kogawa T, Abe T, Niitsu Y. (PubMed)