3,3'-Diindolylmethane May Be the Potent Anti Breast Cancer Bioactive Ingredient, According to Studies

By Kyle J. Norton

3,3'-Diindolylmethane or DIM may be the next bioactive compound used for the treatment of breast cancer, according to studies.

Breast cancer is a chronic and a medical condition characterized cell growth irregularly in the breast tissue.

Breast cancer is the most common cancer in American women, besides skin cancers. Most cases of breast cancer begin in the cells of the surface of the inner lining of milk ducts (Ductal carcinoma) or the lobules (Lobular carcinoma) that supply the ducts with milk.

In 2010, over 250,000 new cases of breast cancer were diagnosed in women in the U.S. alone, leading to the death of over 41,000 women.  

The risk of getting invasive breast cancer during the lifetime of a woman is 1/8. As of today, there are more than 3.1 million breast cancer survivors in the US.

The 5 years of the survival rate of localized breast cancer is closed to 100%.

The risk factors of breast cancer can be divided into 2 groups

* Preventable risk factors include exposure to ionizing radiation, hormone replacement therapy, use of oral contraceptives, alcohol,  being obese and physical inactivity.

* Unpreventable risk factors include family and personal history, age, race, genetic preposition, dense breast, and reproductive history.

If you are at the higher risk of breast cancer, please make sure you self check your breast every month for preventive measure.

Since breast cancer is so sensitive to levels of the hormone, some scientists suggested that hormonal changes may have a critical impact on the disease.

Dr. Hindle WH in the examination of the hormonal changes in the risk of breast cancer wrote, "Nearly a dozen hormonal hypotheses of breast cancer causes have been proposed -- among them estrogen excess, low luteal-phase progestational activity, adrenal androgen deficiency, ovarian androgen excess, melatonin deficiency, prolactin excess, and thyroid insufficiency".

And, The androgen deficiency hypotheses, however, may have some bearing on premenopausal breast cancer, and the ovarian dysfunction hypothesis may have some bearing on postmenopausal breast cancer".

The results strongly indicated that the risk of breast cancer is associated with the decline production of hormones due to aging.

3,3'-Diindolylmethane or DIM are phytochemicals derived from the digestion of indole-3-carbinol, belonging to the group of Indoles, found abundantly in broccoli, Brussels sprouts, cabbage, and kale, etc.

Researchers on finding a natural compound for the treatment of cancer without the development of toxic side effects and resistance to chemotherapy examined the effect of 3,3'-Diindolylmethane (DIM) on the enhancement of docetaxel (DOC) on breast cancer.

The study included the selected MDA-MB231 and Sk-BR-3 cells treated with and without 25 or 50 µM of DIM and 1 nM of DOC for 48 and 72 h.

Combining 25 µM of DIM with 1 nM DOC showed a significantly decreased cell survival by 42% in MDA-MB231 cells and 59% in Sk-BR-3 cells compared to control and the use of DIM or DOC alone.

The combination treatment increased apoptosis over 20% (p ≤ 0.01) in both cell lines, associated with decreased of proteins involved cell proliferation and survival and activation of JNK involved in the cancer cells apoptosis. 

ROS production induced cancer cells cytotoxicity were increased by 46.5% in the MDA-MB231 and 29.3% in Sk-BR-3 cells with the combination compared to DIM or DOC alone.

The overexpression of ROS was correlated with a 54% decrease in antioxidant MnSOD and 47% increase of free radicals NOX2 protein compared to the other groups.

Dr. Lanza-Jacoby S, the lead scientist concluded, "DIM enhances the sensitivity of breast cancer cells to DOC treatment by increasing ROS, which led to decreased cell survival and apoptosis".

Furthermore, in order to reveal more information about the DIM, researchers investigated the bioactive compound against HER2/neu positive breast tumors.

The differentiation included MDA-MB-435eB1 human Her2/neu breast cancer cells treated with varying concentrations of DIM and paclitaxel.

Both DIM and paclitaxel exhibited time and concentration-dependent inhibition of cell proliferation.

The combination also increased the number of apoptotic cells more than either agent alone, according to tested assays.

Moreover, the combined treatment exerted breast cancer cells apoptosis by inhibiting the proteins associated with cancer cell proliferation and survival and exhibiting the function of enzymes associated with cell death programming.

Additionally, DIM alone inhibited the cancer expression by decreasing the activation of the Her2/neu receptor and the combination decreased the activation of ERK1/ERK2 associated with cancer cell proliferation. 

The results suggested that DIM enhanced the function of chemo medicine against the development and progression of breast cancer.

Taken altogether, DIM used alone may be considered a supplement for the prevention and combined with primary therapy for treatment of breast cancer with reduced side effects, pending to the confirmation of large sample size and multicenter human study.

Natural Medicine for Fatty Liver And Obesity Reversal - The Revolutionary Findings To Achieve Optimal Health And Lose Weight

How To Get Rid Of Eye Floaters 
Contrary To Professionals Prediction, Floaters Can Be Cured Naturally 

Ovarian Cysts And PCOS Elimination
Holistic System In Existence That Will Show You How To
Permanently Eliminate All Types of Ovarian Cysts Within 2 Months

Back to Kyle J. Norton Homepage http://kylejnorton.blogspot.ca


Author Biography
Kyle J. Norton (Scholar, Master of Nutrition, All right reserved)
Health article writer and researcher; Over 10.000 articles and research papers have been written and published online, including worldwide health, ezine articles, article base, health blogs, self-growth, best before it's news, the karate GB daily, etc.,.
Named TOP 50 MEDICAL ESSAYS FOR ARTISTS & AUTHORS TO READ by Disilgold.com Named 50 of the best health Tweeters Canada - Huffington Post
Nominated for shorty award over last 4 years
Some articles have been used as references in medical research, such as international journal Pharma and Bioscience, ISSN 0975-6299.

Sources
(1) 3,3'-Diindolylmethane enhances apoptosis in docetaxel-treated breast cancercells by generation of reactive oxygen species by Lanza-Jacoby S1, Cheng G. (PubMed)
(2) 3,3'-diindolylmethane and paclitaxel act synergistically to promote apoptosis in HER2/Neu human breast cancer cells by McGuire KP1, Ngoubilly N, Neavyn M, Lanza-Jacoby S. (PubMed)
(3) Hormone alterations in breast cancer: examining the hypotheses by Hindle WH. (PubMed)

Sinigrin, Inhibits the Risk and Progress of Aberrant Crypt Foci Against Colon Cancer, Researchers Find

By Kyle J. Norton

The bioactive compound Sinigrin may be used for the prevention and treatment of aberrant crypt foci (ACF) in the lining of the colon and rectum, according to studies.

Aberrant crypt foci is a condition of clusters of abnormal tube-like glands in the lining of the colon and rectum. The condition can be subclassified into dysplastic, nondysplastic or mixed type.

Crypt cells of the colon renew the lining of the intestine and produce mucus. 

Epidemiological studies suggested that aberrant crypt foci have been found to form before colorectal polyps, the main cause of colon cancer.

According to the high magnification chromoendoscopy, aberrant cryptic foci are stained darker than normal crypts. 

And, dysplastic ACF is found in 25- 30% of all patients with colon cancer due to genetic preposition of mutation of KRAS.

Where KRAS protein is associated with the regulation of cell proliferation under normal condition.

Dr. Takayama T and colleagues in the investigation of aberrant crypt foci in gene abnormalities and risk of colon cancer, wrote, "ACF, particularly dysplastic ACF, are precursor lesions of the adenoma-carcinoma sequence in humans. In most sporadic ACF, K-ras mutations were positive, but APC mutations were negative irrespective of nondysplastic or dysplastic features".

And, "In most sporadic ACF, K-ras mutations were positive, but APC mutations were negative irrespective of nondysplastic or dysplastic features. Conversely, in most ACF from familial adenomatous polyposis patients, APC mutations were positive but K-ras mutations were negative".

The results strongly support the genetic mutation of gene KRAS involved in the initiation of dysplastic crypt foci.

Sinigrin is a phytochemical glucosinolate, belongs to the family of glucosides found abundantly in Brussels sprouts, broccoli, the seeds of black mustard, etc.

Scientists on finding a bioactive compound for the protection of colonic mucosal crypts against the aberrant crypt foci investigated the effect of oral administration of the isolated glucosinolate sinigrin in the suppression of aberrant crypt foci in the colonic mucosa of rats treated with 1,2-dimethylhydrazine (DMH).

During the experiment, glucosinolate sinigrin found in Brussels sprout modulated crypt cell apoptosis and mitosis, and the frequency of aberrant crypt foci in the colon.

Oral administration of uncooked Brussels sprouts, whether as a juice or as a freeze-dried powder, was associated with significantly enhanced levels of apoptosis and reduced mitosis in the colonic crypts.

The findings strongly suggested that the inhibition of colonic mucosal crypts was attributed to other chemical compounds found in freeze-dried raw, microwave-cooked Brussels sprouts and sprout juice.

In-depth analysis of the activity, researchers found that the efficacy was attributed to the glucosinolate breakdown products derived from Brassica vegetables on the balance of colorectal cell proliferation and death in an animal model of precancerous colon polyp.

Additionally, in order to reveal more information about the sinigrin effects on the colonic mucosal crypts, researchers examined the sinigrin on the intestinal mucosa of rats treated with dimethylhydrazine (DMH).

Sinigrin showed to inhibit the aberrant crypt foci at 18, 24, 38, 48 and 72 h after injection, compared to control groups were given DMH only, or a sham injection.

Before injection of sinigrin, tested rats showed higher numbers of aberrant crypt foci in colonic tissue from both groups of DMH-treated rats and the controls.

Moreover, the experiment of rats given sinigrin (400 microg/g diet) 22 h after the second of two injections of DMH,  showed that sinigrin reduced numbers of ACF by increasing the levels of apoptosis compared to those of higher in DMH-and controls.

The findings clearly support the use of sinigrin for the protection of colonic mucosal crypts.

Taken altogether, sinigrin in forms of glucosinolates, the sulfur compounds may be considered a supplement for the prevention and treatment of aberrant crypt foci, pending to the confirmation of larger sample size and multicenter human study.

Natural Medicine for Fatty Liver And Obesity Reversal - The Revolutionary Findings To Achieve Optimal Health And Lose Weight

How To Get Rid Of Eye Floaters 
Contrary To Professionals Prediction, Floaters Can Be Cured Naturally 

Ovarian Cysts And PCOS Elimination
Holistic System In Existence That Will Show You How To
Permanently Eliminate All Types of Ovarian Cysts Within 2 Months

Back to Kyle J. Norton Homepage http://kylejnorton.blogspot.ca


Author Biography
Kyle J. Norton (Scholar, Master of Nutrition, All right reserved)
Health article writer and researcher; Over 10.000 articles and research papers have been written and published online, including worldwide health, ezine articles, article base, health blogs, self-growth, best before it's news, the karate GB daily, etc.,.
Named TOP 50 MEDICAL ESSAYS FOR ARTISTS & AUTHORS TO READ by Disilgold.com Named 50 of the best health Tweeters Canada - Huffington Post
Nominated for shorty award over last 4 years
Some articles have been used as references in medical research, such as international journal Pharma and Bioscience, ISSN 0975-6299.

Sources
(1) Effects of Brassica vegetable juice on the induction of apoptosis and aberrant crypt foci in rat colonic mucosal crypts in vivo by Smith TK1, Mithen R, Johnson IT. (PubMed)
(2) Inhibition of dimethylhydrazine-induced aberrant crypt foci and induction of apoptosis in rat colon following oral administration of the glucosinolate sinigrin by Smith TK1, Lund EK, Johnson IT. (PubMed)
(3) Aberrant crypt foci: detection, gene abnormalities, and clinical usefulness by Takayama T1, Miyanishi K, Hayashi T, Kukitsu T, Takanashi K, Ishiwatari H, Kogawa T, Abe T, Niitsu Y. (PubMed)

Phytochemical Indole-3-carbinol, the Anti Pancreatic Cancer Cells Plant-Based Bioactive Compound

By Kyle J. Norton

Scientists may have found a bioactive compound for the prevention and treatment of pancreatic cancer, according to studies.

Cancer of pancreas or pancreatic cancer is a condition of a malignant neoplasm of the pancreas.

Most cases of primary pancreatic cancer start in the cells on the surface of the inner lining of the pancreas as a result of irregular cell growth caused by the alternation of DNA.

The pancreatic cancers start in the ducts (an exocrine component of the pancreas) carried pancreatic juices with cancer of an epithelium that originates in glandular tissue accounts for over 75 - 90% of all cases of exocrine cancers.

According to the statistic, pancreatic cancer is the fourth leading cause of cancer death in both men and women in the US. The cancer has the poorest prognosis compared to other major types of cancer, with a 5-yr survival rate of approximately 5%.

More precisely,  in the US, the age-adjusted incidence of pancreatic cancer is higher in men compared to women regardless of ethnicity.

Epidemiologically, the increase in age, gender, ethnicity, smoking, being obese and obese and certain medical conditions such as diabetes, family history are associated with an increased risk of pancreatic cancer.

Some researchers suggested that genetic preposition also place the carrier in a greater risk for the onset of the disease.

Dr. Alison P. Klein, in the joint study led by the Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland suggested people who carry the mutated gene BRCA2 or PALB2 and genetic variation at the ABO blood group locus are associated with a modest increase risk of pancreatic cancer.
Indole-3-carbinol is a phytochemical in the class of Indoles, by the breaking down of the glucosinolate glucobrassicin, found abundantly in cabbage, kale, Brussels sprouts, rutabaga, mustard greens, broccoli, etc.

On the finding the natural ingredient for the treatment of pancreatic cancer without inducing chemoresistance due to the overexpression of microRNA-21 (miR-21), researchers at the Seoul National University College of Medicine evaluated the efficacy of indole-3-carbinol (I3C) in suppressing miR-21 expression.

Where miR-21 simultaneously regulates multiple programs that enhance cell proliferation, apoptosis, and tumor invasiveness by targeting the genes associated with cancer proliferation.

In human pancreatic cancer cells (Panc-1), injection of 13C inhibited the expression of miR-21 positively-correlated in a time- and dose-dependent manner.

13C and gemcitabine combination therapy increased cytotoxicity in Panc-1 cells.

The efficacy of 13C was attributed to its activity in promoting cancer cell apoptosis by attenuating miR-21 transfection.

The finding suggested that I3C would be effective for enhancing the sensitivity of pancreatic cancer cells to gemcitabine via the inhibition of the overexpression of miR-21.

Additional experiment in demonstrating the ability of a dietary agent, indole-3-carbinol (I3C), to lower the LD(50) of gemcitabine (Gemzar) in decreasing growth of both male (MiaPaca2) and female (SU86.86) pancreatic cancer cells, researchers found that

* Without an injection of 13C, female pancreatic cancer cells were more resistant to gemcitabine.

* In male MiaPaca2 cells application of 1, 10 or 100 μM of I3C induced apoptosis by reactivating the tumor suppressor gene in pancreatic cancer cells. 

* 13C also protects the healthy pancreas cells by enhancing the activity of tumor suppressor gene.

Moreover, by examing the DNA methylation researchers suggested suppressor tumor gene (p16INK4a) inactivation in the promotion of hypermethylation is considered an early event in pancreatic carcinogenesis.

DNA methylation is a process by which methyl groups are added to the DNA molecule.

These results clearly indicated, I3C, a possible non-toxic hypomethylating agent, combined with the anticancer agent, gemcitabine, to be a powerful strategy for treating pancreatic cancer.

Taken altogether, bioactive compound indole-3-carbinol (I3C) may be used for the prevention and treatment of pancreas cancer, pending to the results of the larger sample size and multicenter human study.


Natural Medicine for Fatty Liver And Obesity Reversal - The Revolutionary Findings To Achieve Optimal Health And Lose Weight

How To Get Rid Of Eye Floaters
Contrary To Professionals Prediction, Floaters Can Be Cured Naturally

Ovarian Cysts And PCOS Elimination
Holistic System In Existence That Will Show You How To
Permanently Eliminate All Types of Ovarian Cysts Within 2 Months

Back to Kyle J. Norton Homepage http://kylejnorton.blogspot.ca


Author Biography
Kyle J. Norton (Scholar, Master of Nutrition, All right reserved)
Health article writer and researcher; Over 10.000 articles and research papers have been written and published online, including worldwide health, ezine articles, article base, health blogs, self-growth, best before it's news, the karate GB daily, etc.,.
Named TOP 50 MEDICAL ESSAYS FOR ARTISTS & AUTHORS TO READ by Disilgold.com Named 50 of the best health Tweeters Canada - Huffington Post
Nominated for shorty award over last 4 years
Some articles have been used as references in medical research, such as international journal Pharma and Bioscience, ISSN 0975-6299.

References
(1) Chemosensitivity induced by down-regulation of microRNA-21 in gemcitabine-resistant pancreatic cancer cells by indole-3-carbinol by Paik WH1, Kim HR, Park JK, Song BJ, Lee SH, Hwang JH.(PubMed)
(2) Gender differences in gemcitabine (Gemzar) efficacy in cancer cells: effect of indole-3-carbinol. by Lyn-Cook BD1, Mohammed SI, Davis C, Word B, Haefele A, Wang H, Hammons G.(PubMed)
(3) Enhanced efficacy of gemcitabine by indole-3-carbinol in pancreaticcell lines: the role of human equilibrative nucleoside transporter 1 by Wang H1, Word BR, Lyn-Cook BD.(PubMed)
(4) Genetic Susceptibility to Pancreatic Cancer by Alison P. Klein. (PMC)

Ginger, The Best for the Treatment of Diabetes and Diabetes Complications With No Side Effect

By Kyle J Norton

Ginger may have a potential and profound effect in regulating the abnormally high blood sugar, some scientists suggested.

Hyperglycemia is a condition of abnormally high levels of glucose in the bloodstream.

According to the statistic, approximately, 30.3 million Americans, or 9.4% of the population, had diabetes. Approximately 1.25 million American children and adults have type 1 diabetes. And, hyperglycemia is a hallmark sign of diabetes(both type 1 diabetes and type 2 diabetes) and prediabetes.

Some researchers suggested that people who are living under prolonged periods of stress due to chronic illness or stress are associated with a higher risk of high blood sugar.

Other suggested that an unhealthy diet such as high in saturated and trans fat, red meat, and processed food and lack of physical exercise have many folds increased the risk for the onset of hyperglycemia.

In fact, shift workers accompanied by an unhealthy lifestyle are the joint association with the risk of type 2 diabetes.

Dr. Shan Z, in the concerns of the rotating night shift work and lifestyle factors in the risk of diabetes using the data of Nurses' Health Study (1988-2012) and Nurses' Health Study II (1991-2013) and comparing to the 143 410 women without type 2 diabetes, cardiovascular disease, or cancer at baseline, said, " The multivariable-adjusted hazard ratios for type 2 diabetes were 1.31 (95% confidence interval 1.19 to 1.44) per five year increment of duration of rotating night shift work and 2.30 per unhealthy lifestyle factor (ever smoking, low diet quality, low physical activity, and overweight or obesity)".

"For the joint association of per five-year increment rotating night shift work and per unhealthy lifestyle factor with type 2 diabetes, the hazard ratio was 2.83 (2.15 to 3.73) with a significant additive interaction (P for interaction <0.001)".

How severe of the diabetes risk in nurses in the rotating shift accompanied by an unhealthy diet. According to the team, during 22-24 years of follow-up, 10 915 cases of incident type 2 diabetes occurred.

The risk of type 2 diabetes is even higher if each individual factors are also included.

These results clearly suggested, the onset of diabetes is not caused by a single factor but associated with a group set of risk factors.

Luckily, most people with some of above risk factors do not develop hyperglycemia or type 2 diabetes.

Ginger (Zingiber officinale) or ginger root, the second superfood used for thousands of years by mankind, is the genus Zingiber, belonging to the family Zingiberaceae, native to Tamil.

The root has been used in traditional and Chinese medicine to treat dyspepsia, gastroparesis, constipation, edema, difficult urination, colic, etc.

On finding a natural ingredient and whole food for the treatment of diabetes and diabetes complications, researchers examine the action of ginger in the diabetic population.

Selected mice fed by either high fat diet or standard diet for a period of 17weeks were given phloretin isolated from apple and [6]-gingerol isolated from ginger supplemented at two different doses.

Application of phloretin and [6]-gingerol inhibited the formation of AGEs by suppressing the receptor for advanced glycation end products (RAGE).

Where Advanced glycation end products are proteins or lipids that become glycated as a result of exposure to sugars. The products can substantially worsen certain chronic diseases such as diabetes.

Phloretin or [6]-gingerol supplementation significantly reduced plasma glucose, alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase, AGEs, and insulin levels and enhanced GSH/GSSG ratio.

These results suggested that phloretin or [6]-gingerol supplementation not only inhibited the oxidative stress that causes abnormally high blood glucose but also improved the insulin resistance against the onset of diabetes complications in mice fed with high-fat diet.

Futhermore, the assessment of the effect of ginger consumption on glycemic status, lipid profile and some inflammatory markers in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus with the consumption of 1600 mg ginger versus 1600 mg wheat flour placebo daily for 12 weeks, also found that ginger reduced fasting plasma glucose, HbA1C, insulin, HOMA, triglyceride, total cholesterol, CRP and PGE₂ significantly compared with placebo group (p < 0.05).

Ginger improved fasting glucose and parameters associated with the onset of insulin resistance without inducing any side effects.

Dr. Arablou T after taking into account co and confounders said, "Ginger improved insulin sensitivity and some fractions of lipid profile, and reduced CRP and PGE₂ in type 2 diabetic patients. Therefore ginger can be considered an effective treatment for the prevention of diabetes complications".

Taken altogether, ginger may be considered a functional food for the prevention and treatment of diabetes and diabetes complication induced by abnormally high blood glucose.

Natural Medicine for Fatty Liver And Obesity Reversal - The Revolutionary Findings To Achieve Optimal Health And Lose Weight

How To Get Rid Of Eye Floaters 
Contrary To Professionals Prediction, Floaters Can Be Cured Naturally 

Ovarian Cysts And PCOS Elimination
Holistic System In Existence That Will Show You How To
Permanently Eliminate All Types of Ovarian Cysts Within 2 Months

Back to Kyle J. Norton Homepage http://kylejnorton.blogspot.ca


Author Biography
Kyle J. Norton (Scholar, Master of Nutrition, All right reserved)
Health article writer and researcher; Over 10.000 articles and research papers have been written and published online, including worldwide health, ezine articles, article base, health blogs, self-growth, best before it's news, the karate GB daily, etc.,.
Named TOP 50 MEDICAL ESSAYS FOR ARTISTS & AUTHORS TO READ by Disilgold.com Named 50 of the best health Tweeters Canada - Huffington Post
Nominated for shorty award over last 4 years
Some articles have been used as references in medical research, such as international journal Pharma ISSN 0975-6299.

Sources
(1) Specific bioactive compounds in ginger and apple alleviate hyperglycemia in mice with high fat diet-induced obesity via Nrf2 mediated pathway by Sampath C1, Rashid MR1, Sang S2, Ahmedna M. (PubMed)
(2) The effect of ginger consumption on glycemic status, lipid profile and some inflammatory markers in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus by Arablou T1, Aryaeian N, Valizadeh M, Sharifi F, Hosseini A, Djalali M. (PubMed)
(3) Zerumbone, a Phytochemical of Subtropical Ginger, Protects against Hyperglycemia-Induced Retinal Damage in Experimental Diabetic Rats by Tzeng TF1, Liou SS2, Tzeng YC3, Liu IM. (PubMed).
(4) Rotating night shift work and adherence to an unhealthy lifestyle in predicting the risk of type 2 diabetes: results from two large US cohorts of female nurses by Shan Z1,2, Li Y2, Zong G2, Guo Y3,4, Li J2,3, Manson JE3,5, Hu FB2,3,6, Willett WC2,3,6, Schernhammer ES3,6,7, Bhupathiraju SN2, (PubMed)

Phytochemical Allicin, Gobbles Up Endometrial Cancer Cells in Vitro

By Kyle J. Norton

Scientists may have found a natural ingredient for the prevention and treatment of endometrial cancer with no side effects, according to studies.

The endometrium is the inner lining of the mammalian uterus and very susceptible hormone change, particularly to the menstrual cycle.

Endometrial cancer is a late adulthood cancer characterized by the cell growth irregularly and uncontrollably in the endometrial tissue.

The cause of endometrial cancer is an alternation of call DNA in the endometrium.

Most cases of endometrial cancer start in the cells on the surface of the inner lining of the endometrium. After penetrating deeper into the organ tissue, the cancerous cell may induce secondary metastasis through lymph and blood.

Endometrial cancer is the fourth most common cancer among women overall, after breast cancer, lung cancer, and bowel cancer. The average age diagnosed with endometrial cancer is 60.

According to the statistic provided by the American Cancer Society, every year, approximately,
63,000 new cases of cancer of the body of the uterus (uterine body or corpus) will be diagnosed.
Endometrial cancer causes the death of 11,350 women,, every year.

The 5-year survival rate for women with uterine cancer is 81%. However, the 5 years mortality rate in black women is substantially higher, compared to white women.

Most common risk factors of endometrial cancer are associated with hormone change due to menopause, use of birth control pills, and tamoxifen pregnancy,  ovarian tumors, and polycystic ovarian syndrome.

Some researchers suggested that obesity is one major cause of hormone change associated with the onset of endometrial cancer.

Dt. Evan L. Busch, the lead scientists analyzed the endometrial cancer risk factors, said, " Compared with not being obese, obesity increased the odds of having an ER-positive tumor at cut points of 0% to 20% [maximum OR, 2.92; 95% confidence interval (CI), 1.34–6.33] as well as the odds of having a PR-positive tumor at cut points of 70% to 90% (maximum OR, 2.53; 95% CI, 1.36–4.68)".


And, " Obesity may be associated with greater endometrial tumor expression of ER and PR. Adding either marker does not appear to improve mortality prediction beyond the standard predictors".

Allicin is phytochemical containing sulfur in the class of organosulfur compound, found abundantly in onion and garlic.

With an aim to find the ingredient for the treatment of endometrial cancer, researchers determined whether pure allicin exhibits the antiproliferative effect reported for garlic in vitro models.

Treatment of allicin, but not its precursor alliin, inhibited proliferation of human endometrial (Ishikawa) cancer cells (50% inhibitory concentration = 10-25 microM).

Furthermore, the pure allicin and water extract of garlic powder with equivalent allicin concentrations displayed a similar potency.

The result strongly suggested that allicin is responsible for the antiproliferative effect of the extract.

Allicin treatments inhibited the levels of antioxidants produced by the cancer cell line and the extent of the decrease in glutathione (GSH) levels correlated well (r = 0.75) with the growth inhibitory activity of allicin.

However, the magnitude and kinetics of which significantly varied depending on cancer cell type.

Dr. Hirsch K, the lead scientist said, allicin plays a major role in the antiproliferative effect of water-soluble garlic preparations and that this effect may be attributed to the ability of allicin to transiently deplete the intracellular GSH level.

Moreover, treatment of allicin also induces cancer cell death through activating proteins associated with cell apoptosis and cell death programming.

Also, the efficacy of allicin also was attributed to the function of bioactive compound stimulating the protein involved "on" or "off" switch of cell apoptosis, as well as inhibiting the antioxidant enzymes produced by the cancer cells.

Taken altogether, phytochemical allicin may be considered a bioactive compound for reducing risk and combined with the primary medicine for the treatment of endometrial cancer.

However, intake of allicin in form of supplement should be taken with extreme care as acute toxicity was reported in a number of cases.

Natural Medicine for Fatty Liver And Obesity Reversal - The Revolutionary Findings To Achieve Optimal Health And Lose Weight

How To Get Rid Of Eye Floaters
Contrary To Professionals Prediction, Floaters Can Be Cured Naturally

Ovarian Cysts And PCOS Elimination
Holistic System In Existence That Will Show You How To
Permanently Eliminate All Types of Ovarian Cysts Within 2 Months

Back to Kyle J. Norton Homepage http://kylejnorton.blogspot.ca


Author Biography
Kyle J. Norton (Scholar, Master of Nutrition, All right reserved)
Health article writer and researcher; Over 10.000 articles and research papers have been written and published online, including worldwide health, ezine articles, article base, health blogs, self-growth, best before it's news, the karate GB daily, etc.,.
Named TOP 50 MEDICAL ESSAYS FOR ARTISTS & AUTHORS TO READ by Disilgold.com Named 50 of the best health Tweeters Canada - Huffington Post
Nominated for shorty award over last 4 years
Some articles have been used as references in medical research, such as international journal Pharma and Bioscience, ISSN 0975-6299.

References
(1) Effect of purified allicin, the major ingredient of freshly crushed garlic, on cancer cell proliferation by Hirsch K, Danilenko M, Giat J, Miron T, Rabinkov A, Wilchek M, Mirelman D, Levy J, Sharoni Y. (PubMed)
(2) Allicin inhibits cell growth and induces apoptosis in U87MG human glioblastoma cells through an ERK-dependent pathway by Cha JH, Choi YJ, Cha SH, Choi CH, Cho WH. (PubMed)
(3) Endometrial Cancer Risk Factors, Hormone Receptors, and Mortality Prediction by Evan L. Busch, Marta Crous-Bou, Jennifer Prescott, Maxine M. Chen, Michael J. Downing, Bernard A. Rosner, George L. Mutter and Immaculata De Vivo. (AACR)

Bilberry Protects Your Vision Against Eye Strain (Asthenopia), According to Studies

By Kyle J. Norton

On seeking natural therapy with no side effects, scientists may have a whole fruit for the prevention and treatment of asthenopia (eye strain), according to studies.

Asthenopia is a condition characterized by nonspecific symptoms such as fatigue, pain in or around the eyes, blurred vision, headache, and occasional double vision.

Symptoms occur mostly in the people who have spent a long time in the visual task focusing, such as prolonged reading on the screen or newspaper.

Some researchers suggested by giving the eye some rest such as looking on a distant object at least once an hour can be helpful in alleviating the problem.

Mechanically, eye muscle imbalance or uncorrected vision can also cause asthenopia. 

Symptoms of asthenopia include sore or irritated eyes dry or watery eyes,  blurred or double vision and increased sensitivity to light.

Some people may also experience symptoms of trouble focusing and pain in the neck, shoulder, and neck.

If you experience some of the above symptoms, you may have asthenopia, please make sure you check with your doctor for preventive measure.

Some researchers suggested that asthenopia may also be a symptom in people with a chronic headache.

Dr. Vincent AJ, the lead scientist in the investigation of a chronic headache asthenopia wrote, "Sensitivity to light in the absence of a headache was reported by 27.8% of controls and 44.7% of headache sufferers (p less than 0.05)" and "The latter figure increased to 71.3% when a headache was actually present (p less than 0.001)".

These results indicated a strong correlation between a chronic headache and asthenopia.

Bilberry is a species of low-growing shrubs in the genus Vaccinium, belonging to the family Ericaceae, native to Northern Europe.


The plant has been used as herbs in traditional medicine for the treatment of acute and chronic diarrhea, gastritis, gastric ulcer, and duodenal ulcer, enterocolitis, ulcerative colitis, anemia, cystitis, kidney disease, and psoriasis, diabetes, etc.

Researchers with an aim of finding a natural ingredient for the treatment of asthenopia examined the effects of dietary supplementation with a combination of fish oil, bilberry extract, and lutein on subjective symptoms of asthenopia in humans.

A double-blind, randomized, parallel-group and the placebo-controlled trial was conducted by the Human Life Science R&D Center,
* In the Active group, eleven subjects were given a supplement containing omega-3 fatty acid-rich fish oil (docosahexaenoic acid 783 mg/day, eicosapentaenoic acid 162 mg/day), bilberry extract (anthocyanidin 59 mg/day), and lutein (17.5 mg/day) in soft gel capsule form, every day for 4 weeks.

* In the Placebo group, nine subjects were received placebo capsules.

According to the questionnaires taking before and after the experiment, researchers found that
* Asthenopia symptoms such as "stiff shoulder, low back pain", "frustration", "dry-eye", and "stuffy head" were improved in the Active group compared to the placebo.

* Subjected received the supplement also demonstrated a significant improvement od mental symptoms such as fatigue after 4 weeks.

No side effects were reported in the active group at the 2 and 4 weeks of supplemental injection, according to the return questionnaires.

The results strongly supported the use of dietary supplementation with the combination of omega-3 fatty acid-rich fish oil, bilberry extract, and lutein for the treatment of asthenopia.

Taken altogether, bilberry used alone or combined with other supplements may be considered functional remedies for the prevention and treatment of asthenopia with no side effects, pending to the validation of larger sample size and multicenter human study.

Taken altogether, bilberry processed abundantly bioactive compounds may be considered a natural remedy for the treatment of dry eye with no side effects, pending to the validation of larger sample size and multicenter human study.

Natural Medicine for Fatty Liver And Obesity Reversal - The Revolutionary Findings To Achieve Optimal Health And Lose Weight

How To Get Rid Of Eye Floaters 
Contrary To Professionals Prediction, Floaters Can Be Cured Naturally 

Ovarian Cysts And PCOS Elimination
Holistic System In Existence That Will Show You How To
Permanently Eliminate All Types of Ovarian Cysts Within 2 Months

Back to Kyle J. Norton Homepage http://kylejnorton.blogspot.ca


Author Biography
Kyle J. Norton (Scholar, Master of Nutrition, All right reserved)
Health article writer and researcher; Over 10.000 articles and research papers have been written and published online, including worldwide health, ezine articles, article base, health blogs, self-growth, best before it's news, the karate GB daily, etc.,.
Named TOP 50 MEDICAL ESSAYS FOR ARTISTS & AUTHORS TO READ by Disilgold.com Named 50 of the best health Tweeters Canada - Huffington Post
Nominated for shorty award over last 4 years
Some articles have been used as references in medical research, such as international journal Pharma and Bioscience, ISSN 0975-6299.

References
(1) Effects of dietary supplementation with a combination of fish oil, bilberry extract, and lutein on subjective symptoms of asthenopia in humans by Kawabata F1, Tsuji T. (PubMed)
(2) A controlled study of visual symptoms and eye strain factors in chronic headache by Vincent AJ, Spierings EL, Messinger HB. (PubMed)

Artichoke May Cure Non Alcoholic Liver Disease (NAFLD), Human Studies Suggest

By Kyle J. Norton

On seeking natural therapy with no side effects, scientists may have found a herbal remedy for the prevention and treatment of nonalcoholic liver disease (NAFLD), according to studies.

Nonalcoholic liver disease is a chronic condition caused by fat accumulated over time in the liver, affecting people who drink little to no alcohol.

In other words, if you have fat that makes up over 5% of the liver, you are considered to have fatty liver disease.

Nonalcoholic liver disease can be classified into noninflammatory fatty liver and inflammatory liver steatohepatitis.

Most patients with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease are asymptomatic. However,  in the later stage, patients may experience symptoms of enlarged liver, persistent fatigue and pain in the upper right abdomen, depending on the formation of scars.

According to the statistics provided by the Canadian Liver Foundation, more than 50% of Canadians are overweight and 75% of obese individuals are at risk of developing a simple fatty liver, including 23% of them will develop fatty liver with inflammation sometimes during their lifetime.

According to the epidemiological studies, patients with nonalcoholic liver disease have elevated levels of liver enzymes gamma-glutamyl transferase (GGT), Aspartate Aminotransferase (AST) and Alanine Aminotransferase (ALT) which are the markers used to predict the severity of liver disease including fatty liver.

A blood test is required if your doctor suspects you might develop fatty liver disease, including NAFLD.

Other tests for diagnosis of liver fatty disease may include ultrasound, computed tomography (CT), proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy (H-MRS), and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI).

The exact causes of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease are not identified. However, some researchers suggested unhealthy diet-induced obesity may be a major cause of the widespread NAFLD in the Western world.

Dr. Al-Dayyat HM, the lead scientist in the examination of the non-alcoholic fatty liver disease and associated dietary and lifestyle risk factors, said, "Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) has emerged as the most common chronic liver disease worldwide with a reported prevalence ranging 20-30% depending on the studied populations".

And, "The high prevalence of NAFLD is probably due to the contemporary epidemics of obesity, unhealthy dietary pattern, and sedentary lifestyle. NAFLD patients are at increased risk of cardiovascular and liver-related mortality".

The findings strongly suggested if you are obese, you are at a substantially higher risk of fatty liver disease, compared to healthy weight individuals.

Artichoke is a perennial thistle of Cynara cardunculus species of the Cynara genus, belonging to the family Carduoideae native to Southern Europe around the Mediterranean.

The herbal plant has been used in traditional medicine as a liver protective and detoxified agent, and to treat digestive disorders, abdominal pain gas and bloating, etc.

In the course od finding a herbal remedy for the treatment of nonalcoholic liver disease (NAFLD), researchers evaluated the potential to attenuate lipid disturbances of Jerusalem artichoke (JA).

Selected Wistar rats included in the study were fed a control diet, a 60 % fructose-enriched diet (FRU), or an FRU with 10 % JA (n 6-7) for 4 weeks.

According to liver samples collected for biochemical and global gene expression analysis, pretreatment of dietary JA supplementation showed strong activity against hepatic TAG accumulation induced by the FRU.

Futhermore, JA also demonstrated significant inhibition of inflammation-inducing the expression of proteins associated with liver fatty acid synthesis, and development of liver fibrosis.

The results suggested that JA processes beneficial effects in the prevention of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease in molecular levels.

In order to collect more information about artichoke anti-non-alcoholic fatty liver disease, scientists investigated the artichoke leaf extract (ALE) potential hepatoprotective activity in patients with NAFLD.

100 subjects with ultrasound-diagnosed NAFLD randomized to either ALE 600 mg daily or placebo for a 2-month period were included in the randomized double-blind placebo-controlled parallel-group trial. 

According to the results from 90 patients completed the study (49 ALE and 41 placeboes), intake of ALE did not exert any side effects.

ALE at the end of experiment displays a liver protective effect by increasing the hepatic vein flow reducing portal vein diameter (p < .001) and liver size (p < .001).

Injection of ALE also inhibited the liver damage and oxidative stress markers.

Moreover, the artichoke leaf extract also is found to reduce the levels of total cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, non-high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, and triglyceride concentrations, according to the assays.

Taken altogether, artichoke may be considered a functional remedy for the prevention and treatment of non-alcoholic liver disease, pending to the confirmation of larger sample size and multicenter human study.

Natural Medicine for Fatty Liver And Obesity Reversal - The Revolutionary Findings To Achieve Optimal Health And Lose Weight

How To Get Rid Of Eye Floaters 
Contrary To Professionals Prediction, Floaters Can Be Cured Naturally 

Ovarian Cysts And PCOS Elimination
Holistic System In Existence That Will Show You How To
Permanently Eliminate All Types of Ovarian Cysts Within 2 Months

Back to Kyle J. Norton Homepage http://kylejnorton.blogspot.ca


Author Biography
Kyle J. Norton (Scholar, Master of Nutrition, All right reserved)
Health article writer and researcher; Over 10.000 articles and research papers have been written and published online, including worldwide health, ezine articles, article base, health blogs, self-growth, best before it's news, the karate GB daily, etc.,.
Named TOP 50 MEDICAL ESSAYS FOR ARTISTS & AUTHORS TO READ by Disilgold.com Named 50 of the best health Tweeters Canada - Huffington Post
Nominated for shorty award over last 4 years
Some articles have been used as references in medical research, such as international journal Pharma and Bioscience, ISSN 0975-6299.

References

(1) Beneficial effects of soluble dietary Jerusalem artichoke (Helianthus tuberosus) in the prevention of the onset of type 2 diabetes and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease in high-fructose diet-fed rats by Chang WC1, Jia H2, Aw W2, Saito K2, Hasegawa S3, Kato H. (PubMed)
(2) Efficacy of artichoke leaf extract in non-alcoholic fatty liver disease: A pilot double-blind randomized controlled trial by Panahi Y1, Kianpour P2, Mohtashami R3, Atkin SL4, Butler AE5, Jafari R6, Badeli R7, Sahebkar A. (PubMed)