Phytochemical Allicin, the Novel Dietary Antioxidant

By Kyle J. Norton

Phytochemicals may be next potential sources of new medications for the treatment of diseases with little or no side effects.

Scientists may have found a dietary and bioactive ingredient for the prevention and treatment of diseases associated with the oxidative stress.

Allicin is phytochemical containing sulfur in the class of organosulfur compound, found abundantly in onion and garlic.

Oxidative stress is a condition characterized by the overexpression of free radicals in the host body.

Most cases of oxidative stress are caused the inability of the host liver in stimulating the production of antioxidant enzymes which play a critical role in inhibiting the free radical expression, causing oxidative stress.

In a healthy individual, the ratio of free radicals and antioxidant enzymes is always balanced.

However, an individual whose antioxidant enzymes were suppressed due to damage to the antioxidant enzymes productive system or other sources may have a greater risk of the onset of oxidative stress.

Dietary antioxidant intake such as fruits and vegetable may be helpful to keep the free radical in check.

Oxidative stress has been found to cause damage to cell lipids, proteins, DNA, leading to many chronic diseases, including atherosclerosis, cancer, diabetics, rheumatoid arthritis, post-ischemic perfusion injury, myocardial infarction, cardiovascular diseases, chronic inflammation, and stroke.

The oxidative stress that causes chronic ailment is a result of a chain reaction started by free radical donate or steal an electron from another atom, leading to a domino's effect which can not be stopped until all outer ring electron of free radicals is paired or inhibited by antioxidants.

A free radical is any atom or molecule that has a single unpaired electron in an outer shell and highly reactive to react with another cell.

Most free radicals and other ROS are derived internally either from normal essential metabolic processes in the human body or from external sources such as exposure to X-rays, ozone, cigarette smoking, air pollutants, and industrial chemicals.

Antioxidants are biomolecules inhibited the oxidation.
On finding a natural ingredient and whole food for the prevention and treatment of diseases associated with oxidative stress, researchers investigated the effect of allicin (the active ingredient of garlic) contained in the commercial preparation Garlicin against hydroxyl radicals (.OH) using high pressure liquid chromatographic (HPLC) method.

Allicin equivalent in Garlicin (1.8, 3.6, 7.2, 14.4, 21.6, 28.8 and 36 micrograms) produced concentration-dependent decreases in the formation of 2,3-DHBA and 2,5-DHBA, the OH adduct products.

The inhibition of formation of 2,3-DHBA and 2,5-DHBA with 1.8 micrograms/ml was 32.36% and 43.2% respectively while with 36.0 micrograms/ml the inhibition was approximately 94.0% and 90.0% respectively.

These results suggested that allicin is highly active against the OH adduct products through its free radical scavenging activity.

Furthermore, Allicin also exerted a significant antioxidant activity by preventing the lipid peroxidation of liver homogenate in a concentration-dependent manner.

Additionally, by examing the antioxidant effects of four main chemical classes, alliin, allyl cysteine, allyl disulfide, and allicin, prepared by chemical synthesis or purification, researchers discovered
* Alliin scavenged superoxide, while allyl cysteine and allyl disulfide did not react with superoxide.

* Allicin suppressed the formation of superoxide by the xanthine/xanthine oxidase system, probably via a thiol exchange mechanism.

* Allicin did not exhibit hydroxyl radical scavenging activity in this study, probably due to some unknown mechanisms.

The finding suggested that allyl disulfide, alliin, allicin, and allyl cysteine exhibit different patterns of antioxidant activities as protective compounds against free radical damage.

Taken altogether, allicin processed high levels of free radicals scavenging activity may be used for the prevention of the overexpression of ROS in the initiation of oxidative stress.

Natural Medicine for Fatty Liver And Obesity Reversal - The Revolutionary Findings To Achieve Optimal Health And Lose Weight

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Contrary To Professionals Prediction, Floaters Can Be Cured Naturally

Ovarian Cysts And PCOS Elimination
Holistic System In Existence That Will Show You How To
Permanently Eliminate All Types of Ovarian Cysts Within 2 Months

Back to Kyle J. Norton Homepage http://kylejnorton.blogspot.ca


Author Biography
Kyle J. Norton (Scholar, Master of Nutrition, All right reserved)
Health article writer and researcher; Over 10.000 articles and research papers have been written and published online, including worldwide health, ezine articles, article base, health blog, self-growth, best before it's news, the karate GB daily, etc.,.
Named TOP 50 MEDICAL ESSAYS FOR ARTISTS & AUTHORS TO READ by Disilgold.com Named 50 of the best health Tweeters Canada - Huffington Post
Nominated for shorty award over last 4 years
Some articles have been used as references in medical research, such as international journal Pharma and Bioscience, ISSN 0975-6299.
References
(1) Antioxidant activity of allicin, an active principle in garlic by Prasad K, Laxdal VA, Yu M, Raney BL. (PubMed)
(2) The antioxidant properties of garlic compounds: allyl cysteine, alliin, allicin, and allyl disulfide by Chung LY. (PubMed)

Ginger, The Best to Normal Your Blood Cholesterol With No Side Effects

By Kyle J. Norton

Ginger may be considered a functional food for the prevention and treatment of hyperlipidemia without inducing side effects, some scientists found.

Hyperlipidemia is a condition of abnormally high blood cholesterol.

In other words, people with hyperlipidemia have an elevated ratio of low-density lipoprotein/ high-density lipoprotein.

The normal and healthy ratio of healthy blood cholesterol is lower than 4/1.

Most common causes of high blood cholesterol are an unhealthy diet with high saturated and trans fat, red meat and processed foods and few in fruits and vegetable.

In fact low in intake of high-density lipoproteins which have the unique function to trnasport the excess cholesterol back to the liver. 

In other words, the presence of high-density lipoproteins reduces the bad blood cholesterol in the bloodstream, thus decreasing the forming of plaque accumulated in the arterial wall, the major risk of heart disease.

Some researchers suggested that genetic preposition and certain medical condition such as diabetes mellitus, kidney disease, and hypothyroidism may also increase the risk of hyperlipidemia.

Most common types of high-density lipoproteins can be found in olive oil which has been found to lower the inflammatory impact of LDL cholesterol on the body, beans and legumes, whole grains. ... high-fiber fruit and deep-sea fatty fish.

Therefore, by topical 2 spoonful olive oil into your lunch salad every day, you may kiss the hyper cholesterol goodbye after six months.

Why it takes so long? because olive oil is a food and fat, not a Western single-ingredient medicine.

Dr. Cullinen K in the nutrition team at the Rhode Island Department of Health, said, "Olive oil consumption increases HDL-cholesterol levels, while decreasing LDL-cholesterol levels, LDL susceptibility to oxidation and lipid peroxidation".

And, "The reduction of cellular oxidative stress, thrombogenicity and the formation of atheroma plague can explain the preventive effects of olive oil on atherosclerosis development".

These results clearly supported the use of oiler oil for the treatment in patients with hyperlipidemia.

Ginger (Zingiber officinale) or ginger root, the second superfood used for thousands of years by mankind, is the genus Zingiber, belonging to the family Zingiberaceae, native to Tamil.

The root has been used in traditional and Chinese medicine to treat dyspepsia, gastroparesis, constipation, edema, difficult urination, colic, etc.

With an aim to find a natural whole food for the treatment of abnormally high blood cholesterol with no side effects, researchers at the Tehran University of Medical Sciences assessed the effect of ginger consumption on glycemic status, lipid profile and some inflammatory markers in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus.

The double-blinded, placebo-controlled clinical trial included 70 type 2 diabetic patients allocated randomly into ginger group and control group.

Treatment group consumed 1600 mg ginger versus 1600 mg wheat flour consumed by the placebo daily for 12 weeks.

At the end of the trial, researchers showed that ginger treatment group exerts a significantly reduced fasting plasma glucose, HbA1C, insulin resistance, HOMA, triglyceride, total cholesterol, CRP and PGE₂, compared to placebo group.

However, there were no significant differences in HDL, LD, and TNFα between two groups.

These results clearly suggested ginger has a strong effect in improving all parameters associated with the diabetic symptoms.

Dr. Arablou T at the final report said, "Ginger improved insulin sensitivity and some fractions of lipid profile, and reduced CRP and PGE₂ in type 2 diabetic patients".

Other researchers in the concern of oxidative stress in the development and progression of diabetic nephropathy (DN)launched an investigation to examine the potential protective effect of ginger (Zingiber officinale) rhizome extract on hyperglycemia-induced oxidative stress, inflammation, and apoptosis.

Diabetes rats selected to the study were given 400 or 800 mg/kg/day Z. officinale extract for six weeks orally.

Treatment with Z. officinale not only improved all diabetic symptoms but also ameliorated hyperglycemia, hyperlipidemia and kidney function.

In addition, Z. officinale minimized the histological alterations in the kidney of diabetic rats

The evidence indicated Z. officinale extract significantly attenuated oxidative stress, inflammation and apoptosis, and enhanced antioxidant defenses in the diabetic kidney.

Taken all together, ginger may be considered a functional food for the prevention and treatment of abnormally high blood cholesterol with no side effects.

Natural Medicine for Fatty Liver And Obesity Reversal - The Revolutionary Findings To Achieve Optimal Health And Lose Weight

How To Get Rid Of Eye Floaters 
Contrary To Professionals Prediction, Floaters Can Be Cured Naturally 

Ovarian Cysts And PCOS Elimination
Holistic System In Existence That Will Show You How To
Permanently Eliminate All Types of Ovarian Cysts Within 2 Months

Back to Kyle J. Norton Homepage http://kylejnorton.blogspot.ca


Author Biography
Kyle J. Norton (Scholar, Master of Nutrition, All right reserved)
Health article writer and researcher; Over 10.000 articles and research papers have been written and published online, including worldwide health, ezine articles, article base, health blogs, self-growth, best before it's news, the karate GB daily, etc.,.
Named TOP 50 MEDICAL ESSAYS FOR ARTISTS & AUTHORS TO READ by Disilgold.com Named 50 of the best health Tweeters Canada - Huffington Post
Nominated for shorty award over last 4 years
Some articles have been used as references in medical research, such as international journal Pharma ISSN 0975-6299.

Sources
(1) The effect of ginger consumption on glycemic status, lipid profile and some inflammatory markers in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus by Arablou T1, Aryaeian N, Valizadeh M, Sharifi F, Hosseini A, Djalali M. (PubMed)
(2) POSSIBLE HYPOCHOLESTEROLEMIC EFFECT OF GINGER AND ROSEMARY OILS IN RATS. by Eissa FA1, Choudhry H1,2,3, Abdulaal WH1,3, Baothman OA1, Zeyadi M1, Moselhy SS1,4,5,6, Zamzami MA1,2. (PubMed)
(3) Ginger alleviates hyperglycemia-induced oxidative stress, inflammation, and apoptosis and protects rats against diabetic nephropathy by Al Hroob AM1, Abukhalil MH2, Alghonmeen RD3, Mahmoud AM4. (PubMed)
(4) Olive oil in the treatment of hypercholesterolemia by Cullinen K. (PubMed)

Manuka Honey (MH) and Tualang Honey (TH), the Potential Natural Antibiotics Alternative with No Side Effects

By Kyle J. Norton

Scientists may have found natural alternative antibiotics for the treatment of diseases caused by a bacterial infection, some studies found.

Infection is a medical condition caused by bacteria multiplication after entering the body.

Most bacteria were killed off by the white blood cells of the first line of defense of the immune system before they can enter the body.

In this stage, the immune systematic response stimulates the production of proteins associated with the production of coagulation to seal the wound and damage and pro-inflammatory cytokines to destroy the invaded bacteria, leading to symptoms of fever, skin redness in the infected area.

However, if they enter the body successfully, they can initiate infection through the stage of incubation where bacterial multiplying in the specific tissues and organs, leading to the colonization and in facilitating diseases development.

Patients with acute bacterial infection usually recover in a short period of time within 3 weeks.

Some bacterial pathogens can establish life-long chronic infections in the host by persistent establishment after an acute infection period.

Dr. Young D, the lead scientist, at the Technology and Medicine, said," Bacteria have evolved specific pathogenic mechanisms and harbor sets of genes that contribute to the establishment of a persistent lifestyle that leads to chronic infection"

" Persistent bacterial infection may involve occupation of a particular tissue type or organ or modification of the intracellular environment within eukaryotic cells".

"Bacteria appear to adapt their immediate environment to favor survival and may hijack essential immunoregulatory mechanisms designed to minimize immune pathology or the inappropriate activation of immune effectors".

These result firmly suggested that if you have a weakened immune system you are at a higher risk to the onset of chronic bacterial infection.

Honey is the miraculous product made by bees using nectar from flowers.

The rich golden liquid It is considered one of healthy sweet food for replacing the use of white sugar and artificial sweetener by many people.

On finding natural sources as a new antibiotic with no side effects, researchers examine the Manuka honey (MH) antibacterial effect in bioactive wound dressings.
Epidemiological studies suggested that MH provides unique antibacterial activity compared to conventional kinds of honey, due to its constituents, methylglyoxal (MGO). 

In the evaluation of the antibacterial activity of both MH and MGO (at equivalent MGO concentrations) when applied as a physical coating to a nonwoven fabric wound dressing, researchers found that* Application of concentrations of 0.0054 mg cm-2 of MGO in the form of MH and MGO is sufficient to achieve a 100 colony forming unit % bacteria reduction against gram-positive Staphylococcus aureus and gram-negative Klebsiella pneumonia.

* However, a 3- to 20-fold increase in MGO concentration (0.0170-0.1 mg cm-2) was required to facilitate a good antibacterial effect.

These results suggested that Manuka honey antibacterial activity processed a linearly and MGO concentration-dependent manner.

Dr. Bulman SEL, the lead scientist said, "The results presented in this study, therefore, demonstrate the relevance of an MGO-based coating as an environmentally friendly strategy for the design of functional dressings with antibiotic-free antimicrobial chemistries".

Additionally, in the investigation of the traditional use of Tualang honey (TH) for the treatment of bacterial infection against various microorganisms, including those from burn-related diagnoses, compared the anti antibacterial activity of Aquacel-Tualang honey, Aquacel-Manuka honey, Aquacel-Ag, and Aquacel- plain dressings against bacteria isolated from patients.

Four types of Gram-negative bacteria, namely Enterobacter cloacae, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Pseudomonas spp. and Acinetobacter spp., and three Gram-positive bacteria, namely Staphylococcus aureus, coagulase-negative Staphylococcus aureus (CONS) and Streptococcus spp. were included in the study.

All tested agents showed a significant effect inhibiting the total bacterial count on day 6 and onwards.

Aquacel-Ag and Aquacel-Manuka honey dressings gave a better zone of inhibition for Gram-positive bacteria compared to Aquacel-Tualang honey dressing.

The comparable results were also found in the Aquacel-Manuka honey and Aquacel-Tualang honey dressing against Gram-negative bacteria.

Researchers after taking into account co and confounders suggested that Tualang honey has a bactericidal as well as bacteriostatic effect and is easier to apply and less sticky compared to Manuka honey.

Taken altogether, there is no doubt that Manuka honey (MH) and Tualang honey (TH) may be considered a functional remedy for the prevention and treatment of bacterial infection. However, before they can be used as antibiotics similar to those of conventional medicine, a larger and multicenter human study is necessary to reconfirm the viability.

Natural Medicine for Fatty Liver And Obesity Reversal - The Revolutionary Findings To Achieve Optimal Health And Lose Weight

How To Get Rid Of Eye Floaters 
Contrary To Professionals Prediction, Floaters Can Be Cured Naturally 

Ovarian Cysts And PCOS Elimination
Holistic System In Existence That Will Show You How To
Permanently Eliminate All Types of Ovarian Cysts Within 2 Months

Back to Kyle J. Norton Homepage http://kylejnorton.blogspot.ca


Author Biography
Kyle J. Norton (Scholar, Master of Nutrition, All right reserved)
Health article writer and researcher; Over 10.000 articles and research papers have been written and published online, including worldwide health, ezine articles, article base, health blogs, self-growth, best before it's news, the karate GB daily, etc.,.
Named TOP 50 MEDICAL ESSAYS FOR ARTISTS & AUTHORS TO READ by Disilgold.com Named 50 of the best health Tweeters Canada - Huffington Post
Nominated for shorty award over last 4 years
Some articles have been used as references in medical research, such as international journal Pharma ISSN 0975-6299.

Sources
(1) Antibacterial Properties of Nonwoven Wound Dressings Coated with Manuka Honey or Methylglyoxal by Bulman SEL1, Tronci G2, Goswami P3, Carr C4, Russell SJ5.(PubMed)
(2) Antibacterial properties of tualang honey and its effect in burn wound management: a comparative study by Nasir NA1, Halim AS, Singh KK, Dorai AA, Haneef MN.(PubMed)
(3) The antibacterial properties of Malaysian tualang honey against wound and enteric microorganisms in comparison to manuka honey by Tan HT1, Rahman RA, Gan SH, Halim AS, Hassan SA, Sulaiman SA, Kirnpal-Kaur B.(PubMed)
(4) Chronic bacterial infections: living with unwanted guests by Young D1, Hussell T, Dougan G.(PubMed)

Ginger, the Potent Free radical Scavenging activities

By Kyle J. Norton

Ginger may have a potential effect in reducing oxidative stress by inhibiting the overexpression of free radicals as scavengers, some studies suggested.

Free radical is an unstable molecule with the unpaired electron in the outer ring of the atom. In order for them to become stable, free radical is actively to donate or steal an electron from the stable molecules.

Once started, the chain of domino's effect cannot be stopped until the outer ring of the electron is paired or inhibited by the antioxidant.

Free radical scavengers are antioxidants which inhibit the oxidation.

There are 2 types of antioxidants in the body including the antioxidant enzymes produced by the host and dietary sources of antioxidant intake by the host.

Oxidative stress is the expression of the imbalance of the levels of the free radicals and antioxidants in the body.

In other words, oxidative stress can either caused by overexpression of free radicals or low levels of antioxidant enzymes.

A prolonged period of oxidative stress can damage the body tissue, alternated the immune function and cells DNA, leading to the etiology of much chronic health problems including cardiovascular and inflammatory disease, and cancer.

There are many causes of overexpression of free radicals, some researchers suggested that fried foods, alcohol, tobacco smoke, pesticides, air pollutants, and many more are contributed to the onset of the condition.

Ginger (Zingiber officinale) or ginger root, the second superfood used for thousands of years by mankind, is the genus Zingiber, belonging to the family Zingiberaceae, native to Tamil.

The root has been used in traditional and Chinese medicine to treat dyspepsia, gastroparesis, constipation, edema, difficult urination, colic, etc.

On finding the chemical constituents that constitute to the free radical scavenger activity of ginger, a research team at the University of Mysore analyzed the chemical composition and antioxidant activity (in aqueous and solvent extracts) of Ginger root (Zingiber officinale).

During the experiment, application of ethanol, methanol, acetone, 80% methanol and 80% ethanolic extracts to determine free radical scavenging activity, suggested that the order of antioxidant activity by reducing power and free radical scavenging activity by DPPH was 80% methanolic > 80%ethanolic > methanolic > ethanolic > 30°C water >100°C water > acetonic extract.

These results suggested that ginger efficacy in the inhibition of the free radicals was not attributed to a single ingredient but all members of the antioxidant family.

In the investigation of the free radical scavenger activity of 4 essential oils of young and mature rhizomes, air-dried and steamed rhizomes, and seed rhizomes of Zingiber officinale Roscoe (ginger), researchers found
* All prepared ginger essential oils, showed a significant free radical scavenger property

* Essential oil from the seed and air-dried rhizomes demonstrated a highest anti-free radical activity compared to others preparation.

* Essential oil from the seed and air-dried rhizomes also are the better free radical scavenger agents, compared to ginger oleoresins obtained by ethanol and hypercritical carbon dioxide extraction and essential oils of 5 other plants in the family Zingiberaceae.

* [6]-shogaol, the bioactive compound isolated from the ginger was most active against filament formation and growth of C. albicans, followed by citral and [6]-gingerol.

An additional examination also indicated that ginger oleoresin, and especially that obtained by ethanol extraction, with a high [6]-gingerol content exhibited potent scavenging activity against 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl radicals in comparison to essential oils of ginger and other Zingiberaceae plants.

In support of the above differentiation, researchers at the North China Coal Medical College, in the report of "[Scavenging effects of ginger on superoxide anion and hydroxyl radical]" wrote,
"Ginger can significantly scavenge O2-. in hypoxanthine-xanthine oxidase system and.OH in ultraviolet exposure of H2O2 system". and  "The scavenging effects of ginger on O2-. and.OH may contribute to explaining some of the pharmacological mechanisms of this drug".

Taken altogether, ginger with the abundant bioactive compound may be considered a  free radical scavenger functional food for preventing overexpression of free radical in the initiation of a chain reaction

Natural Medicine for Fatty Liver And Obesity Reversal - The Revolutionary Findings To Achieve Optimal Health And Lose Weight

How To Get Rid Of Eye Floaters
Contrary To Professionals Prediction, Floaters Can Be Cured Naturally

Ovarian Cysts And PCOS Elimination
Holistic System In Existence That Will Show You How To
Permanently Eliminate All Types of Ovarian Cysts Within 2 Months

Back to Kyle J. Norton Homepage http://kylejnorton.blogspot.ca


Author Biography
Kyle J. Norton (Scholar, Master of Nutrition, All right reserved)
Health article writer and researcher; Over 10.000 articles and research papers have been written and published online, including worldwide health, ezine articles, article base, health blogs, self-growth, best before it's news, the karate GB daily, etc.,.
Named TOP 50 MEDICAL ESSAYS FOR ARTISTS & AUTHORS TO READ by Disilgold.com Named 50 of the best health Tweeters Canada - Huffington Post
Nominated for shorty award over last 4 years
Some articles have been used as references in medical research, such as international journal Pharma and Bioscience, ISSN 0975-6299.


Sources
(1) Anti-Candida and radical scavenging activities of essential oils and oleoresins of Zingiber officinale Roscoe and essential oils of other plants belonging to the family Zingiberaceae by Takahashi M1, Inouye S, Abe S.(PubMed)
(2) [Scavenging effects of ginger on superoxide anion and hydroxyl radical].[Article in Chinese] by Cao ZF1, Chen ZG, Guo P, Zhang SM, Lian LX, Luo L, Hu WM. (PubMed)
(3) Chemical composition and antioxidant properties of ginger root (Zingiber officinale) (Research Gate)

Herbal Andrographis, the Potential Anti-inflammation and Infection Functional Remedy

By Kyle J. Norton

Scientists may have found a herbal plant for the treatment of inflammatory diseases with no side effects, according to the studies.

Inflammation is a natural reaction of the immune system self-protection to remove harmful stimuli, including damaged cells, irritants, pathogens... from our body.

Acute inflammatory inflammation is a result of the over-response of the immune system after sensing the injury or damage of the body through activating the protein associated with the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines.

The aim of the proinflammatory cytokines is to kill the invasive pathogens, which try to enter the body through the wound.

The immune system in the stimulating production of proinflammatory cytokines may induce overproduction of these cytokines can cause death or damage to the nearby cells, leading to scar formation and symptoms of localized swelling, redness and fever.

Chronic inflammation is a serious condition caused by the immune system adapt to the new change due to its inability to kill all the invasion within a set of times.

Some researchers in the observation of the history of immune evolution suggested that immune system also try to adapt to the new environment such as chronic inflammation if, for whatever reasons, it can not fill all invasive pathogens within 3 to weeks, leading to the development of several diseases and conditions, including some cancers and rheumatoid arthritis.

Furthermore, chronic inflammation can also be caused by the autoimmune disorder, which involves your immune system mistakenly attacking healthy tissue, long-term exposure to irritants, such as industrial chemicals or polluted air.

Dr. Anne M. Minihane, the lead scientist in the study "Low-grade inflammation, diet composition, and health: current research evidence and its translation" wrote, "An unresolved inflammatory response is likely to be involved from the early stages of disease development" and " The latest research in the areas of acute and chronic inflammation and cardiometabolic, gut and cognitive health is presented along with the cellular and molecular mechanisms underlying inflammation–health/disease associations".

And. " Such approaches are likely to provide a more discriminating means of quantifying inflammation–health/disease associations, and the ability of diet to positively modulate inflammation and provide the much-needed evidence to develop research portfolios that will inform new product development and associated health claims".

The results clearly suggested that adding certain amounts of anti-inflammatory foods into your diet may be the best way to prevent chronic inflammatory diseases.
Andrographis paniculata is also known as Andrographis is a herbaceous plant, genus Andrographis, belonging to the family Acanthaceae, native to India and Sri Lanka. It has been used in traditional Siddha and Ayurvedic in treating the common cold, flu, upper respiratory infections, infectious diseases, diarrhea, dysentery, cholera, pneumonia, swollen lymph nodes, leprosy, bronchitis, sore throats, tuberculosis, chicken pox, etc.

Besides the main ingredient andrographolides, giving the plant a bitter taste, other ingredients includediterpene lactones, such as neoandrographolide, andrographiside, 14-doexy-11, 12-didehydro andrographolide, etc., flavonoinds viz., oroxylin, wogonin, andrographidines A, B, C, D, E, F.


With an aim to reaffirm the traditional use of Andrographis paniculata for treatment of infection and inflammation, researchers examined the effects of Andrograpanin, one of the diterpene lactones in A. paniculata in vivo and in vitro.

Application of Andrograpanin inhibited the NO and other 3 pro-inflammatory cytokines in a range from 5-90 microM at a dose-dependent manner.

The efficacy of anti-inflammatory activity of Andrograpanin was associated with the reduction of the expression of iNOS, enzymes in catalyzing the production of NO and pro-inflammatory cytokines gene (proteins) expression.

Furthermore, the anti-inflammatory effects were contributed by inhibiting the protein (p38) and (mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPKs)) which are responsive to stress stimuli, p38 and stress response.

Dr. Liu J, after taking into account co and confounders wrote, "andrograpanin might be useful as a potential anti-inflammatory leading compound for inflammatory drug development".

Additional analysis of other major compound isolated from herbal Andrographis, researchers looked into Human β-defensin-2 (hBD-2), an inducible antimicrobial peptide that plays an important role in innate immunity. 

As a prediction, according to the PCR and Western blot assays, injection of Andro (1.0-10 µmol/L) exhibits the expression of hBD-2 in a dose-dependent manner.

However, under the expression of SB203580 (an inhibitor of p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (p38 MAPK)), MG-132 (an inhibitor of nuclear factor κB (NF-κB)), and an NF-κB activator inhibitor, but not by an inhibitor of ERK (PD98059) or by an inhibitor of JNK(SP600125), the effects of hBD-2 mRNA and protein expression in responsive to andro were attenuated.

These results clearly suggested andro exert its antimicrobial effects by exhibiting the expression of hBD-2 through regulating the functions of the innate immune response against stress and stimuli.

Taken altogether, herbal Andrographis processed high levels of bioactive compounds may be considered a functional remedy against inflammation and infection.

Natural Medicine for Fatty Liver And Obesity Reversal - The Revolutionary Findings To Achieve Optimal Health And Lose Weight

How To Get Rid Of Eye Floaters
Contrary To Professionals Prediction, Floaters Can Be Cured Naturally

Ovarian Cysts And PCOS Elimination
Holistic System In Existence That Will Show You How To
Permanently Eliminate All Types of Ovarian Cysts Within 2 Months

Back to Kyle J. Norton Homepage http://kylejnorton.blogspot.ca


Author Biography
Kyle J. Norton (Scholar, Master of Nutrition, All right reserved)
Health article writer and researcher; Over 10.000 articles and research papers have been written and published online, including worldwide health, ezine articles, article base, health blogs, self-growth, best before it's news, the karate GB daily, etc.,.
Named TOP 50 MEDICAL ESSAYS FOR ARTISTS & AUTHORS TO READ by Disilgold.com Named 50 of the best health Tweeters Canada - Huffington Post
Nominated for shorty award over last 4 years
Some articles have been used as references in medical research, such as international journal Pharma and Bioscience, ISSN 0975-6299.

References
(2) Xiang-Qi-Tang and its active components exhibit anti-inflammatory and anticoagulant properties by inhibiting MAPK and NF-κB signaling pathways in LPS-treated rat cardiac microvascular endothelial cells BY He CL, Yi PF, Fan QJ, Shen HQ, Jiang XL, Qin QQ, Song Z, Zhang C, Wu SC, Wei XB, Li YL, Fu BD. (PubMed)
(3) Andrographolide exerted its antimicrobial effects by upregulation of human β-defensin-2 induced through p38 MAPK and NF-κB pathway in human lung epithelial cells by Shao ZJ, Zheng XW, Feng T, Huang J, Chen J, Wu YY, Zhou LM, Tu WW, Li H.(PubMed).
(4) Andrograpanin, isolated from Andrographis paniculata, exhibits anti-inflammatory property in lipopolysaccharide-induced macrophage cells through down-regulating the p38 MAPKs signaling pathways by Liu J, Wang ZT, Ge BX.(PubMed)
(5) Low-grade inflammation, diet composition and health: current research evidence and its translation by Anne M. Minihane, 1 ,* Sophie Vinoy, 2 Wendy R. Russell, 3 Athanasia Baka, 4 Helen M. Roche,5 Kieran M. Tuohy, 6 Jessica L. Teeling, 7 Ellen E. Blaak, 8 Michael Fenech, 9 David Vauzour, 1Harry J. McArdle, 3 Bas H. A. Kremer, 10 Luc Sterkman, 11 Katerina Vafeiadou, 12Massimo Massi Benedetti, 13 Christine M. Williams, 14 and Philip C. Calder. (PMC)

Herbal Butterbur, the Potent Anti Somatoform Disorders Functional Remedy

By Kyle J. Norton

Scientists may have found a natural herbal medicine for the prevention and treatment of Somatoform disorders with no side effects, according to studies.

Somatoform disorders are a group of psychiatric disorders that trigger unexplained physical symptoms.

Researchers do not the exact cause of the disorders. However, genetic preposition and family history are the 2 most common risk factors associated with the onset of the condition.

Most common symptoms include persistent pain or fatigue, emotional distress and problems functioning.

The American Family Physician in the article Somatoform disorders suggested up to 50 percent of primary care patients present with physical symptoms that cannot be explained by a general medical condition. Some of these patients meet criteria for somatoform disorders.

Dr. Bener A, the lead scientist, in examining the gender effects on somatoform disorders in a sample size of 1689 patients, including 892 men and 797 women suggested
* The prevalence rate of somatoform disorders among the total screened sample was 23.9%.

* Housewives (43.5%) and men in administrative posts (37.9%) reported higher somatic symptoms compared to other professions.

* Prolonged depressive reaction was significantly higher in women compared to men.

* There was a significant gender difference in certain psychiatric diagnostic categories such as depressive episode, recurrent depressive disorder, dysthymia, and brief depressive reaction.

* Backache was the most commonly reported symptom in men, whereas a headache was more common in women. 

These results clearly suggested being female is a risk factor of Somatoform disorders and symptoms of Somatoform disorders. Somatoform disorders affect the different aspects of the patient depending on gender.

Women with Somatoform disorders are more likely to experience psychological symptoms compared to male.

Butterbur, found in wet, marshy, damp land, including wetland, riverside, forest, etc., is a creeping underground plant, genus Petasites of 15 -20 species, belonging to the family Asteraceae, native to Northern Hemisphere.

The herbal medicine has been used in herbal medicine used as a pain reliever in the digestive system, including stomach, bile ducts, and duodenum, etc.

The chemical constituents of Butterbur include Petioles, petasitene and pethybrene, quercetin 3-O-beta-D-glucoside, quercetin 3-O-beta-D-6''-O-acetylglucoside, and rutin, caffeic acid, alkaloids, S-petasin, and iso-S-petasin, etc.

With an aim to find a natural formula for the treatment of Somatoform disorder with no side effects, researchers at the University Hospital Zurich examined the effects of mixed herbal drug combination with and without butterbur (Ze 185) on patients with somatoform disorders.

In a total of 182 patients randomized for a 3-arm trial (butterbur root, valerian root, passionflower herb, lemon balm leaf versus valerian root, passionflower herb, lemon balm leaf versus placebo) compared to a fixed herbal drug combination (Ze 185 = 4-combination versus 3-combination without butterbur and placebo) in patients with somatoform disorders in a 2-week treatment in patients with somatization disorder (F45.0) and undifferentiated somatoform disorder (F45.1), researchers discovered the 4-combination was significantly superior to the 3-combination and placebo (4-combination > 3-combination > placebo) in all the primary and secondary parameters (PP-population). 

The levels of anxiety and depression, according to the Anxiety (visual analog scale - VAS) and depression (Beck's Depression Inventory - BDI) are also decreased more in 4 combinations compared to others.

According to the Clinical Global Impression (CGI) rating scales, 4 combinations also showed reduced symptom severity and improved treatment response compared to 3 combinations.

The results are further reconfirmed by the ITT population analysis.

Where (ITT) analysis is a treatment in which patients enrolled and randomly allocated to treatment are included in the analysis and are analyzed in the groups to which they were randomized.

All tested subject expressed no serious adverse effects during the course of experiments.

These results suggested the herbal preparation (Ze185) may be an efficacious and safe short-term treatment in patients with somatoform disorders.

Taken altogether, herbal Butterbur used alone or combined with other herbal medicine may be considered a functional herbal for prevention and combined with the primary medicine for the treatment of Somatoform disorder with no serious side effects,

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Back to Kyle J. Norton Homepage http://kylejnorton.blogspot.ca


Author Biography
Kyle J. Norton (Scholar, Master of Nutrition, All right reserved)
Health article writer and researcher; Over 10.000 articles and research papers have been written and published online, including worldwide health, ezine articles, article base, health blogs, self-growth, best before it's news, the karate GB daily, etc.,.
Named TOP 50 MEDICAL ESSAYS FOR ARTISTS & AUTHORS TO READ by Disilgold.com Named 50 of the best health Tweeters Canada - Huffington Post
Nominated for shorty award over last 4 years
Some articles have been used as references in medical research, such as international journal Pharma and Bioscience, ISSN 0975-6299.

References
(1) Fixed herbal drug combination with and without butterbur (Ze 185) for the treatment of patients with somatoform disorders: randomized, placebo-controlled pharmaco-clinical trial by Melzer J, Schrader E, Brattström A, Schellenberg R, Saller R.(PubMed)

Herbal Aloe Vera, a Potent Mouth Wash for the Prevention and Treatment of Gingivitis with No Side Effects

By Kyle J. Norton 

Scientists may have found a low-cost natural gel or mouthwash with no side effects, according to the studies.

Gingivitis is a condition characterized by the inflammation of gum or gum disease.

Most causes of gingivitis in the general population are associated with long-term poor hygiene.

However, People who are smoking and chewing tobacco, having certain medical conditions such as diabetes or consuming oral contraceptives, steroids, anticonvulsants, calcium channel blockers are also at a higher risk of gingivitis.

Untreated gingivitis can lead to a serious infection of periodontitis, the major causes of tooth loss in adults, according to the American Dental Association.

Most cases of untreated gingivitis can also induce complications of bad breath, persistent gum bleeding, and receding gums.

Treatments of gingivitis are to control the infection and totally depending on the stages of the disease. However, regardless of the type of treatment, patients are all required to keep up good daily care at home.  

People who smoke or tobacco chewing in some cases may be advised to quit or reduce the amount of intake per day.

Aloe Vera is species of succulent plant in the genus Aloe, belonging to the Family Xanthorrhoeaceae, native to Sudan. It has become very popular for commercial cultivation due to its health benefits. Aloe vera has been used in herbal medicine in treating many kinds of disease, including wound, burn healing, minor skin infections, sebaceous cysts, diabetes, and elevated of cholesterol, etc.

The herbal plant is also one of many popular herbs studied in scientific ways with some conflicting results.

The ten main areas of chemical constituents of Aloe vera include amino acids, anthraquinones, enzymes, minerals, vitamins, lignins, monosaccharide, polysaccharides, salicylic acid, saponins, and sterols.

With an aim to find a natural compound for the prevention and treatment of gingivitis with no side effects, researchers at the University of Fortaleza examined the effect of Aloe vera in a randomized, parallel and double-blind clinical trial.

The study included 30 participants randomly allocated to the test group (n=15) dentifrice containing Aloe vera - or the control group (n=15) - fluoridated dentifrice and participants were asked to brush their teeth with the control or test dentifrice, three times a day, during a 30-day period.

According to the Plaque index (PI) and gingival bleeding index (GBI) assessed at days 0 and 30, a significant reduction on plaque and gingivitis in both groups, but no statistically significant difference was observed among them.

The result suggested that the dentifrice containing Aloe vera exerted the similar effects as that of fluoridated dentifrice against plaque and gingivitis.

Furthermore, a total of 45 patients who were diagnosed with plaque-induced gingivitis included in the study. were divided into three groups with fifteen patients in each group to evaluate the effects of Aloe vera.

Group 1 was asked to rinse with 10 ml of aloe vera mouthwash twice daily for three months. Group 2 were treated with scaling only. Group 3 patients were asked to rinse with aloe vera mouthwash and scaling was done.

According to the data obtained at the baseline, end of the first month, and the end of the third month, all three groups showed a significant reduction in gingival inflammation. Aloe vera mouthwash showed the greatest effect compared to other groups.

The results were attributed to the Aloe vera anti-inflammatory activity.

Dr.Ajmera N, the lead scientist said, "it (Aloe vera) can be used as an adjunct to mechanical therapy for treating plaque-induced gingivitis".

Taken altogether, herbal Aloe vera may be used as a mouthwash for the prevention and treatment of gingivitis with on side effects



Natural Medicine for Fatty Liver And Obesity Reversal - The Revolutionary Findings To Achieve Optimal Health And Lose Weight

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Contrary To Professionals Prediction, Floaters Can Be Cured Naturally

Ovarian Cysts And PCOS Elimination
Holistic System In Existence That Will Show You How To
Permanently Eliminate All Types of Ovarian Cysts Within 2 Months

Back to Kyle J. Norton Homepage http://kylejnorton.blogspot.ca


Author Biography
Kyle J. Norton (Scholar, Master of Nutrition, All right reserved)
Health article writer and researcher; Over 10.000 articles and research papers have been written and published online, including worldwide health, ezine articles, article base, health blogs, self-growth, best before it's news, the karate GB daily, etc.,.
Named TOP 50 MEDICAL ESSAYS FOR ARTISTS & AUTHORS TO READ by Disilgold.com Named 50 of the best health Tweeters Canada - Huffington Post
Nominated for shorty award over last 4 years
Some articles have been used as references in medical research, such as international journal Pharma and Bioscience, ISSN 0975-6299.
References

(3) Aloe vera: It's effect on gingivitis by Ajmera N, Chatterjee A, Goyal V.(PubMed)
(4) A randomized, double-blind clinical study to assess the antiplaque and antigingivitis efficacy of Aloe vera mouth rinse by Chandrahas B, Jayakumar A, Naveen A, Butchibabu K, Reddy PK, Muralikrishna T.(PubMed)
(5) Effect of a dentifrice containing Aloe vera on plaque and gingivitis control. A double-blind clinical study in humans by de Oliveira SM, Torres TC, Pereira SL, Mota OM, Carlos MX.(PubMed)