Holistic Health Articles and Research Related to Herbal Medicines, Foods and Phytochemicals

Friday, 19 January 2018

Herbal Therapy: Herbal Catnip in Reduced Risk and Treatment of Breast Cancer

Kyle J. Norton

Herbal catnip may have a potential and substantial effect in reduced risk and treatment of breast cancer, some scientists suggested.

Catnip is also known as catswort, or catmint, a plant of Nepeta, belongings to the family of Lamiaceae, native to Europe and Asia, use in herbal medicine as insect repellent and to treat digestive disorders, children restlessness and nervousness, fevers, cold and flu, skin irritations stimulate sweating, promote menstruation, etc..

Ingredients
Beside the major constituent of terpenoid nepetalactone, the herb also contains α-Pinene, β-Pinene, Cyclohexen-1-yl-methyl ketone, Triplal, Thymol, Nepetalactone, Nepetalactone, etc..

Breast cancer is medical condition characterized by irregular cell growth in the issue of breast. At the later stage, the cancerous cell may invade other healthy tissues and organs a distance away from the original site.

According to statistic, approximately 1 in 8 U.S. women (about 12.4%) will develop invasive breast cancer over the course of her lifetime.

In comparison of breast cancer cell lines (MCF-7, MDA-MB-231) to non-cancer line (MCF-10A) to evaluate the cytotoxic and apoptogenic activity of EtOH 70%, hexane and aqueous extracts isolated from the herbal plant catnip, researchers showed that catnip inhibited growth of malignant cells in a time and dose-dependent manner.

The hexane extract induced greater cytotoxicity in precipitated cancer cell apoptosis in compared to other extracts.

Further analysis, also indicated that at dose of 60 μg/ml concentration of catnip hexane extract reduced the expression of mRNA of ornithine decarboxylase 1 in response to growth-promoting stimuli and exhibited a high turnover rate of breast cancer.

Over expressions of mRNA of tumor ornithine decarboxylase levels heterogeneity found in breast cell lines were associated to significantly increase the mean of tumor malignancy.by 4.9 and 3.6 fold of adenosine deaminase, a E2 responsive in MCF-7 human breast cancer cells and by 3.5 and 2.6 in MCF-7 cell line and MDA-MB-231 cell line, respectively and in compared to control.

Tumor ornithine decarboxylase gene is also considered as a bio marker as a prognostic factor for breast cancer. Increased serum of adenosine deaminase is found to correlate to cancer progression and malignancy.

The results indicated that application of catnip methanol hexane extract scores a high potential in modulated the expression of ornithine decarboxylase 1 and adenosine deaminase genes in breast cancer cells in inhibited malignant cancer proliferation and induced apoptosis.

Moreover, the investigation of the anticancer activities of chloroform Nepeta deflersiana extract and various sub-fractions (ND-1-ND-15) of ND against human breast cancer cells (MCF-7) by the King Saud University suggested that applications of selected sub-fractions of the chloroform extract at dose of 10-1000 μg/ml for 24 hours, displays a significant reduction of the cell viability of MCF-7 cancer cell line and altered the cellular morphology in a concentration-dependent manner.

Additional analysis indicated that N-10 isolated from catnip expressed a greater cytotoxicity in induced cancer death in compared to other other fractions according to the

3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyl tetrazolium bromide assay.

According to the neutral red uptake assay, ND-1 extract did not cause any cytotoxicity in MCF-7 cells exposed for 24 h. However, the ND-10 extract was found more toxic toward breast cancer cells.

Finally, in MCF-7 cells, application at doses at 500 and 1000 μg/ml concentrations of all extracts exhibited a huge activity on in reduced the normal morphology of the cells and cell adhesion capacity in compared to the control.

And most the breast cancer cells at 1000 μg/ml concentration lost their typical morphology and appeared smaller in size and shrunken.

In compared to cancer cell line A-549 cells, MCF-7 cells were less sensitive to growth inhibition by all the extracts.

Taken together, there is no doubt that catnip and its methanol extracts may be a potential and therapeutic source of pharmacologically active molecules for the development of the chemotherapeutic drug for treatment of breast cancer.

For More information of yoga lessons tailor to a complete well being for women, please visit: YOGA FOR WOMEN

Arthritis Is Curable
You Can Eliminate Osteoarthritis
By addressing the Underlying Causes through Clinical Trials and Studies

Ovarian Cysts And PCOS Elimination
Holistic System In Existence That Will Show You How To
Permanently Eliminate All Types of Ovarian Cysts Within 2 Months

FOOD HACK for Weight Loss
A Simple Cooking Technique That Cuts The Calories & Glycemic
Impact In Rice, Pasta, And Potatoes In Half

Back to Kyle J. Norton Home page http://kylejnorton.blogspot.ca

Author Biography
Kyle J. Norton (Scholar, Master of Nutrients, All right reserved)
Health article writer and researcher; Over 10.000 articles and research papers have been written and published on line, including world wide health, ezine articles, article base, healthblogs, selfgrowth, best before it's news, the karate GB daily, etc.,.
Named TOP 50 MEDICAL ESSAYS FOR ARTISTS & AUTHORS TO READ by Disilgold.com Named 50 of the best health Tweeters Canada - Huffington Post
Nominated for shorty award over last 4 years
Some articles have been used as references in medical research, such as international journal Pharma and Bio science, ISSN 0975-6299.

Sources
(1) Growth inhibition of human breast cancer cells and down-regulation of ODC1 and ADA genes by Nepeta binaloudensis by Akbar Safipour, Afshar Fatemeh Saeid Nematpour, Mahshid Meshkani, and ArezosadatKhafi(Science Direct)
(2) Anticancer Activity of Chloroform Extract and Sub-fractions of Nepeta deflersiana on Human Breast and Lung Cancer Cells: An In vitro Cytotoxicity Assessment by Al-Oqail MM1, Al-Sheddi ES1, Siddiqui MA2, Musarrat J2, Al-Khedhairy AA2, Farshori NN1.(PubMed)

Herbal Therapy: Green Tea In Prevention and Treatment of Acute and Chronic Constipation

Kyle J. Norton

Green tea may have a therapeutic and positive effect in reduced risk and treatment of acute and chronic constipation, some scientists suggested.

Green tea, is a precious drink processes numbers of health benefit known to almost everyone in Asia and Western world. However, as yin in nature herbal medicine or food, long term injection of large amounts may obstruct the balance of yin-yang, induced "yin excessive syndrome" or "yang vacuity syndrome", according to traditional Chinese medicine.

Constipation is a condition of hard to pass stool or not passing stool frequently, affecting 1/6 people over 12 years old in Canada.

In the examine the effects of Pu-erh tea on constipation in ICR mice induced by carbon injection researchers found that mice in control group without administrated Pu-erh green tea expressed a significant weight loss, food and water intake in compared to experiment group.

In compared to first black stool time of normal group of 90 min, control (injection of carbon) of 221 min and bisacodyl treatment group (100 mg/kg in control group) of 118 min, mice in control group treated with green tea at doses of 200, 400 and 800 mg/kg showed an improved stool passing time of 178, 155 and 139 min, respectively.

Importantly, application of green tea Pu-erh also expressed a strong increase of serum levels of

1. Motilin (MTL) in the blood steam in stimulated the contraction of the fundus and antrum and accelerated gastric emptying;

2. Gastrin, a peptide hormone in stimulated secretion of gastric acid (HCl) by the parietal cells of the stomach in improved gastric motility;

3. Endothelin (ET), a peptide hormone with function in contraction of rat stomach strips, rat colon, and guinea pig ileum;

4. Acetylcholine enzyme (AchE) chemical released by motor neurons of the nervous system in order to activate muscles;

5. Substance P (SP) a amino-acids peptide in induction of rapid contraction of the smooth muscle of the digestive tract and

6. Vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP), a potent vasodilator, in regulated smooth muscle activity and blood flow in the gastrointestinal tract.

And decrease of somatostatin (SS) hormone in reduced gastric acid secretion and emission of gastrointestinal hormones, such as gastrin.

Additionally, in comparison of 2 types of commonly used osmotic laxative polyethylene glycol (PEG), namely PEG with electrolytes mixed with water and PEG without electrolytes mixed with tea or other sources such as juice and coffee for taste, researchers at the Pirkanmaan Erikoislääkäripalvelu conducted a randomized, double-blind, parallel-group study at ten private assisted-living facilities or communal nursing homes in Finland. Selected patients were.required to have used isotonic PEG at a stable dose without any other treatment for constipation (except for Plantago ovata seeds) for at least 2 weeks prior to a run-in period and randomly assigned receive hypotonic PEG or continued to receive isotonic PEG, both dissolved in water, 12 g once or twice daily or once every other day, for 4 weeks, found that the mean (SD) weekly stool frequencies are not different in both hypotonic and isotonic PEG groups, although soft or normal stool consistency of 70% was higher in the hypotonic PEG group in compared to 52% in isotonic PEG group.

Moreover, both products are considered safe without inducing stool straining or gastrointestinal symptoms, although level of sodium was statistically and significantly lower in the hypotonic PEG group at the last day of testing of the study in compared to other group.

Dr. Seinelä L, after taking into account of other co factors said, "Both treatments appear safe, well tolerated and, when dissolved in water, well accepted by the majority of the patients. When desired, switching from isotonic to hypotonic PEG can safely take place in elderly individuals without compromising efficacy".

However, a total of 1,705 female Japanese dietetic students aged 18-20 years and free of current disease studies suggested the intake of tea is associated to constipation(3) without mentioning types of tea used in the surveys.

According to the theory of traditional Chinese medicine, green tea is yin in nature with function in relieved indigestion and smoothed bowel movements through promotion of fluid production(4) and constipation is a result of over expression of yang or deficiency of yin, therefore, we do believe, the tea mentioned in the study were red, black or herbal tea with yang sufficiency.

Taken together, green tea may be considered as a functional food for prevention and treatment of constipation. Intake of green tea extracts should be taken with exceptional care due to toxicity reported in medical literature.

For More information of yoga lessons tailor to a complete well being for women, please visit: YOGA BURN

Back to Kyle J. Norton Home page http://kylejnorton.blogspot.ca

For More information of yoga lessons tailor to a complete well being for women, please visit: YOGA For Women

Sources
(1) Component analysis of Pu-erh and its anti-constipation effects by Li G1, Wang Q1, Qian Y1, Zhou Y1, Wang R1, Zhao X1.(PubMed)
(2) Comparison of polyethylene glycol with and without electrolytes in the treatment of constipation in elderly institutionalized patients: a randomized, double-blind, parallel-group study by Seinelä L1, Sairanen U, Laine T, Kurl S, Pettersson T, Happonen P.(PubMed)
(3) Dietary intake in relation to self-reported constipation among Japanese women aged 18-20 years by Murakami K1, Okubo H, Sasaki S.(PubMed)
(4) History of Green Tea by Tao de Wan

Thursday, 18 January 2018

Herbal Therapy: Herbal Anise in Ameliorated Menopausal Hot Flash Frequency and Severity

Kyle J. Norton

Anise may have a potential and substantial effect in relief and reduced recurrence of menopausal hot flashes, some scientists suggested.

Anise is a flowering plant ofthe species of Pimpinella anisum, genus Pimpinella, belongings to the family Apiaceae native to to Egypt and the Mediterranean region, used in traditional herbal medicine as fragrance in soaps, oils, and mouth fresheners and stomachic, anti-septic, anti-spasmodic, ....agent

Chemical comstituents
Anethole, D-pinene, I-phellandrene, Alpha-terpineol, Safrol, Methyl chavicol, Resin, Shikimic acid, etc.

Hot flashes are the frequent symptoms of menopause induced sudden feelings of warmth in some parts of the body. The symptoms affect approximately 75% of all women in peri menopause in the Western world.

In the investigation of the effect of Pimpinella anisum and symptoms of hot flash in postmenopausal women, researchers at the Shahid Beheshti Universit conducted a review of medical records at health centers of sample of 72 women with hot flashes randomly selected according to the predetermined criteria and divided into experimental group received a capsule containing 330 mg Pimpinella anisum 3 times a day and control group received 3 capsules, each containing 330 mg potato starch, over 4 weeks with pre treatment of frequency and severity of hot flashes taken in 2 weeks before administration indicated that women in anise treatment group exert a significant reduced frequency and severity of hot flashes from the pre treatment of 4.21% and 56.21% to 1.06% and 14.44% at the end of the fourth week respectively in compared to control group.

Further analysis found that women who are in the anise testing group also continue benefits from the ameliorated of the frequency and severity of hot flashes in 4 weeks follow up examination.

These results suggested that long term intake of herbal Anise may have a continued efficacy in relief and recurrence of menopausal hot flashes.

Additional illustration of the prevalence of hot flash in menopause women by reviewing the literature published on MEDLINE (1966 to January 2015), Scopus (1996 to January 2015), and Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (The Cochrane Library, issue 1, 2015), researchers at joint study lead by the Mashhad University of Medical Science showed that over all studies approved the herbal effects of Anise in contribution of reduced hot flash occurrence and frequency as well as alleviating the side effects of hot flashes.

Moreover, in the double-blind clinical trial conducted to determine the effects of Anise abstract on hot flashes in women referring to rural and urban health centers of Qazvin province during 2006 by randomly assigned 72 postmenopausal women at different verities selected according to pre-determined criteria and divided into group of experimental group took a capsule containing 100 mg Anise 3 times a day and control group received 3 placebo capsules, each containing 330 mg starch over over 4 weeks experimental periods, searchers after compared to the frequency of hot flashes and the types of food they took 1 weeks before administrations found that there are significant difference in hot flash expression in these 2 groups of women

The Anise group showed a substantial decrease in frequency and severity of hot flashes from 4.21% and 56.21% before treatment and 1.06% and 14.44% at the end of the fourth week, respectively.

And women in control expressed an insignificant change of hot flash frequency and severity in compared to measurement before treatment.

Interestingly, after taking account of other con founders, Dr. Fatemeh Nahidi, the lead author said, " women can be taught to choose different alleviating methods, preferably".

In other words, by providing enough information, women who suffered from menopause hot flash should be able to choose different alleviating methods in relief and recurrence of the symptoms.

Women who do not tolerate the side effect of conventional medicine with symptoms of hot flash may want to add a portion of Anise into their diet, please consult with your herbalist before taking the herbs for preventive measure.

Due to short term of 4 weeks of study, some researchers suggested that further studies with longer duration of treatment Anise for assessing hot flashes are necessary.

Taken together, herbal Anise may be considered as adjunct therapy used combination with standard treatment of hot flash in women in peri-menopause, menopause and post menopause. However, intake of herbal Anise supplements should be taken with extreme care in prevented toxicity.

For More information of yoga lessons tailor to a complete well being for women, please visit: YOGA FOR WOMEN

Sources
(1) The Study on the Effects of Pimpinella anisum on Relief and Recurrence of Menopausal Hot Flashes by Nahidi F1, Kariman N, Simbar M, Mojab F.(PubMed)
(2) The efficacy of Iranian herbal medicines in alleviating hot flashes: A systematic review by Ghazanfarpour M1, Sadeghi R2, Abdolahian S3, Latifnejad Roudsari R4.(PubMed)
(3) Effect of anise extract on hot flush of menopause by Fatemeh Nahidi, M. Taherpour, F. Mojab, Hamid Alavi Majd(Research Gate)

Herbal Therapy: Habitual Green Tea in Ameliorated Risk of Stroke

Green tea is found to consist a therapeutic and substantial effect in reduced risk and treatment of stroke, some scientists suggested

Green tea, is a precious drink processes numbers of health benefit known to almost everyone in Asia and Western world. However, as yin in nature herbal medicine or food, long term injection of large amounts may obstruct the balance of yin-yang, induced "yin excessive syndrome" or "yang vacuity syndrome" including weaken immunity and painful case of GERD,... according to traditional Chinese medicine's Yin-Yang theory.

Stroke is a medical condition of emergency caused by reduced or interrupted blood circulation to the brain, such as blocking artery induced ischemic stroke and leaking or bursting of a blood vessel precipitated hemorrhagic..

According to statistic, in US, every year, approximately 795,000 people suffer a stroke, a leading cause of serious and long-term disability.

Evaluation of green tea effect in risk of stroke was found to associated of certain mechanism involving numbers of aspects.

The review of medical literature published online suggested that green tea with strong inhibition of high blood pressure, a primary risk factor of stroke through its antioxidant and vasodilative activities induced by phytochemical flavonoids in improved blood circulation to the brain. Although increased acute blood pressure was found in some studies, this acute effect did not translate into significant alterations in ambulatory blood pressure during regular tea consumption.

The impact of tea or catechin consumption precipitated nitric oxide formation, as an essential gas signal molecule to protect the brain against in facilitated ischemic stroke and hemorrhagic stroke by relaxed vascular smooth muscle cells and induced vasodilatation through regulating network of blood vessel and peripheral nerve tissues.

Amazingly, catechin also reduced NO levels through endothelial function by increased platelets aggression in post stroke.

In fact, green tea theanine, a bioactive chemical constituents also found to process anti stroke development through stimulating NO production of the cells in the inner wall of arteries in reduced risk of vascularconstrction and promoted blood circulation, thus decreasing risk of an artery-blocking clot, a major cause of stroke,

Further analysis also discovered that glutamate molecule found in theanine may also play an important role in attenuated risk of stroke through neuroprotective effect by decreased middle cerebral artery occlusion and cerebral infarction caused by blocking or narrowing the arteries in supplying blood and oxygen to the brain.

According to the study of 82 369 Japanese (aged 45-74 years; without cardiovascular disease [CVD] or cancer in 1995 and 1998 for Cohort I and II, respectively) received 13 years of mean follow-up through the end of 2007. green tea consumption of green tea 2 to 3 and ≥ 4 cups/d showed a significant effect in reduced risk of stroke with the multivariable-adjusted hazard ratios of 0.86 (0.78-0.95) and 0.80 (0.73-0.89), respectively in compared to non drinkers. And Higher green tea consumption reduced the risks of stroke subtypes, especially in intracerebral hemorrhage.

Other researchers suggested that green tea efficacy in reduced risk of stroke may be also associated to antioxidant effect in protection of endothelial function in blood circulation by reduced high blood cholesterol induced plaque build-up in the arteries in blocking blood flow to the brain, particularly in reactive oxygen species (ROS) precipitation of lipid peroxidation.

The effect of green tea in reduced insulin resistance in healthy adults may also contribute to lower risk of stroke, according to the cohort of 1509 nondiabetic participants from the Northern Manhattan Study (mean [SD] age, 11 [10] years; 64.2% women; 58.9% Hispanics).

Dr. Arab L said, "Regardless of their country of origin, individuals consuming >or=3 cups of tea per day had a 21% lower risk of stroke than those consuming <1 cup per day (absolute risk reduction, 0.79; CI, 0.73 to 0.85). The proportion of heterogeneity not explained by chance alone was 23.8%".

The information findings suggested that habitual green tea consumption may have a therapeutic in reduced risk of stroke development in general population.

For More information of yoga lessons tailor to a complete well being for women, please visit: YOGA BURN

(2)Coffee, tea, and cocoa and risk of stroke by Larsson SC1(PubMed)
(3) The Impact of Green Tea Consumption on the Prevention of Hemorrhagic Stroke by Lee SM1, Choi NK, Yoon BW, Park JM, Han MK, Park BJ.(PubMed)
(4) Green and Black Tea Consumption and Risk of Stroke A Meta-Analysis by Lenore Arab, PhD; Weiqing Liu, MS; David Elashoff, PhD(Stroke. 2009;40:1786-1792.)
(5) Insulin resistance and risk of ischemic stroke among nondiabetic individuals from the northern Manhattan study by Rundek T1, Gardener H, Xu Q, Goldberg RB, Wright CB, Boden-Albala B, Disla N, Paik MC, Elkind MS, Sacco RL.(PubMed)

Wednesday, 17 January 2018

Alternative Therapy: Yoga in Reduced Blood Glucose Levels in Gestational Diabetes and Improved Pregnancy Outcome

Kyle J. Norton

Yoga intervention may have a profound and positive impact in reduced risk and treatment on blood sugar levels among pregnant women, the Prince of Songkla University study suggested.

Yoga, the ancient technique for harmonized external and internal body well beings, through breath control, meditation, bodily movement and gesture..... has been best known for people in Western world and some parts in Asia due to health benefits reported by various respectable institutes' research and supported by health advocates.

In a randomized controlled trial carried out to measure the capillary fasting plasma glucose, 2-h postprandial blood glucose, and hemoglobin A1c, among pregnant women with GDM, after accounting to other co founders, researchers indicated that fasting plasma glucose and 2-h postprandial blood glucose significantly reduced and glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c), accepted as an indicator for evaluation of the glucose control in diabetes mellitus (DM) patients also decreased substantially.

In deed, yoga mindfulness program created a self consciousness between body and mind, by bring back the presence and dealing the event positive way. In pregnant women the exercise induced attention of eating control such as when the stomach is full and what portion is needed. The breathing exercises relaxed the central nervous system, thus ameliorating stress expression in stimulated production of hormone epinephrine which is found to associate to blood sugar levels by converting glycogen from glucose stored in muscle cells and liver.

Prolonged stress may induce failure of the adrenal gland leading to over production of stress hormone in induction of abnormal high blood glucose.

Dr. Youngwanichsetha S, the led researcher said, "Mindfulness eating and yoga exercise had health benefits on glycemic control in pregnant women with GDM".

Additionally, in the support of the above differentiation, researchers at the SVYASA University conducted a study of 68 high-risk pregnant women recruited from two maternity hospitals in Bengaluru, India and randomized into yoga and control groups. with the yoga group (n=30) received standard care plus one-hour yoga sessions, three times a week, from the 12th to the 28th week of gestation and control group (n=38) received standard care plus conventional antenatal exercises (walking) in the same period, researchers found that yoga group expressed a significantly fewer pregnancy induced gestational diabetes (GDM) and cases in compared to control and induced less complications in yoga group, including small for gestational age (SGA) babies and newborns with low APGAR scores.

Truly, breathing and meditation practice in yoga were found to induce a strong implication of relaxation and oxygenation to the pancreas, thus increasing the pancreas function in regulation of blood glucose through insulin secretion.

Some yoga instructors also suggested that mindfulness in yoga lesson also improved blood sugar levels by bring back the natural state of self conscientiousness of present experience of more aware of hunger and satiety cues, and emotional impact on hunger, particularly enhanced more positive relationship and feeling to food.

After examining other risk factors, the study concluded, yoga only can reduced risk of unfavorable complications, including gestational diabetes mellitus in this group of women but also demonstrated significantly improvement of pregnancy outcome.

More importantly, in the searching of the data base from PubMed, eight studies (10 reports) satisfied the criteria included in the final analysis, researcher postulated that yoga intervention not only reduced risk of gestational diabetes mellitus, also improved pregnancy related complications, such as hypertension, and intrauterine growth restriction, particularly, decrease in perceived stress levels.

Taking altogether, Yoga therapy not only reduced risk of gestational diabetes mellitus in healthy women and improved glucose levels in women with gestational diabetes mellitus but also enhanced pregnancy outcome.

For More information of yoga lessons tailor to a complete well being for women, please visit: YOGA BURN

Back to Kyle J. Norton Home page http://kylejnorton.blogspot.ca

Author Biography
Kyle J. Norton (Scholar, Master of Nutrients, All right reserved)
Health article writer and researcher; Over 10.000 articles and research papers have been written and published on line, including world wide health, ezine articles, article base, healthblogs, selfgrowth, best before it's news, the karate GB daily, etc.,.
Named TOP 50 MEDICAL ESSAYS FOR ARTISTS & AUTHORS TO READ by Disilgold.com Named 50 of the best health Tweeters Canada - Huffington Post
Nominated for shorty award over last 4 years
Some articles have been used as references in medical research, such as international journal Pharma and Bio science, ISSN 0975-6299.

Sources
(1) The effects of mindfulness eating and yoga exercise on blood sugar levels of pregnant women with gestational diabetes mellitus by Youngwanichsetha S1, Phumdoung S2, Ingkathawornwong T3.(PubMed)
(2) The effects of yoga in prevention of pregnancy complications in high-risk pregnancies: a randomized controlled trial by Rakhshani A1, Nagarathna R, Mhaskar R, Mhaskar A, Thomas A, Gunasheela S.(PubMed)

Herbal Therapy: Green Tea in Ameliorated Risk and Prevented Onset of Intestinal Ischemia

Kyle J. Norton

Green tea may have a therapeutic and positive effect in reduced risk and treatment of intestinal ischemia, some scientists suggested.

Green tea, a precious drink processes numbers of health benefit known to almost everyone in Asia and Western world. However, as yin in nature herbal medicine or food, long term injection of large amounts may obstruct the balance of yin-yang, induced "yin excessive syndrome" or "yang vacuity syndrome" including weaken immunity and painful case of GERD,... according to traditional Chinese medicine's Yin-Yang theory.

Intestinal ischemia is a serious medical condition characterized by reduced blood flow to the

intestines.

In the evaluated 3 groups of male rats ramdonly assigned to Group I (ischemia-reperfusion,I/R) underwent I/R of the intestine (30 min of ischemia followed by 1 h of reperfusion). Group II (green tea + I/R) was given green tea for 2 wk before inducing I/R. Group III (control) with sham I/R, researchers found that injection of green tea group showed an impressive restoration of intestinal mucosa in compared to ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) group.

In observation of cellular antioxidant profile (superoxide dismutase and catalase), green tea group expressed a significant improvement of antioxidants similarly to those of group III and in compared to group II.

The expressions of cellular proliferation markers (proliferating cell nuclear antigen and Ki-67) in regulated intestinal cell division and proliferation were also increased by green tea application..

The above illustration indicated that long term intake of green tea injection may exhibit a strong protection against the intestinal mucosa from injury.

Further differentiation of the effect of Quercetin, the bioactive substance of tea against experimental ischemia- reperfusion (IR) injury of the small intestine in rats, found that quercetin administrated intraperitoneally 30min before 1h ischemia of superior mesenteric artery with following reperfusion periods lasting 1, 4 and 24h significant decreases cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) enzyme in the epithelial lining of the intestinal villi in expression of normal cell apoptosis only during 24h of reperfusion in a late phase of IR injury in comparison with the control group.

According to the observation of the morphology of COX-2 positive cells, COX-2 positivity was found particularly in goblet cells with function in secreted the main component of mucus.of the intestinal villi epithelium and enteroendocrine cells found in the wall of the gut that secrete hormones that regulate glucose levels, food intake, and stomach emptying respectively, in the glandular epithelium in the group I mice in compared to significantly lesser levels in green tea group.

Dr. Tóth Š, the lead authors at the joint study said," quercetin application attenuated mucosal damage from IR injury by inhibiting neutrophil infiltration which was demonstrated by a lower number of myeloperoxidase positive cells in the lamina propria".

In other similar study with male specific pathogen-free (SPF) Charles River Wistar rats were used in the experiment with quercetin administered intraperitoneally 30min before 1h ischemia of superior mesenteric artery with following 24h lasting reperfusion period., researchers at the joint study lead by the Pavol Jozef Safarik University, also indicated that application of quercetin increases the production of anti inflammatory cytokine IL10 observed by analysis of the blood sample and jejunal tissue and in the number of CD68-positive cells in the lamina propria mucosae (p<0.001) in initiation of production of new blood vessels growth and inflammatory mytokines in compared to control group.

Dr. Curgali K, the lead authors, after taking into account of other con-founders, said, "the preventive application of quercetin before induction of jejunal IRI stimulates faster jejunal mucosa restoration and it seems to have immunomodulatory and anti-inflammatory effects" and "CD68-positive macrophages could have crucial role in this process since they work as both growth factor and cytokine producers".

Taken together, green tea with abundant bioactive phytochemicals such as quercetin may be considered as a functional food in reduced risk and prevented onset of intestinal ischemia. People with high risk in development of intestinal ischemia may consider to add 1 or 2 cups of green tea into their daily diet.

For More information of yoga lessons tailor to a complete well being for women, please visit: YOGA BURN

Back to Kyle J. Norton Home page http://kylejnorton.blogspot.ca

For More information of yoga lessons tailor to a complete well being for women, please visit: YOGA For Women

Sources
(1) Protective effects of green tea on intestinal ischemia-reperfusion injury by Abdeen SM1, Mathew TC, Dashti HM, Asfar S.(PubMed)
(2) Quercetin attenuates the ischemia reperfusion induced COX-2 and MPO expression in the small intestine mucosa by Tóth Š1, Jonecová Z1, Čurgali K1, Maretta M2, Šoltés J1, Švaňa M1, Kalpadikis T1, Caprnda M3, Adamek M4, Rodrigo L5, Kruzliak P6.(PubMed)
(3) Quercetin protects jejunal mucosa from experimental intestinal ischemia reperfusion injury by activation of CD68 positive cells by Curgali K1, Toth S1, Jonecova Z1, Maretta M2, Kalpakidis T1, Petriskova I1, Kusnier M1, Soltes J1, Svana M1, Caprnda M3, Delev D4, Rodrigo L5, Mechirova E1, Kruzliak P6.(PubMed)

Tuesday, 16 January 2018

Herbal Therapy: Green tea In Modulated Fat Metabolism

Kyle J. Norton

Green tea may have a therapeutic and positive effect in reduced abnormal fat metabolism, some scientists suggested.

Green tea, a precious drink processes numbers of health benefit known to almost everyone in Asia and Western world. However, as yin in nature herbal medicine or food, long term injection of large amounts may obstruct the balance of yin-yang, induced "yin excessive syndrome" or "yang vacuity syndrome" including weaken immunity and painful case of GERD,... according to traditional Chinese medicine's Yin-Yang theory.

Fat metabolism is a biological process converted lipid intake to energy for the body needs through breaking down fat into glycerol and fatty acids before being absorbed by the intestines.

In the evaulation of the mechanisms of actions of EGCG on bile acid homeostasis and lipid metabolism of green tea bioactive polyphenol (-)-epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG), researchers conducted a study included male C57BL/6J mice fed with a low-fat diet, a high-fat western-style diet or a high-fat western-style diet containing 0.32% green tea bioactive polyphenol (-)-epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG), found that at 17 weeks of experiment, mice group fed with EGCG exhibits a strong effect in reduced body weight gain, mesenteric fat mass, serum cholesterol and severity of fatty liver.

Additional analysis indicated that green tea reduced expression above parameters was a result of significantly elevated the mRNA levels of cholesterol 7α-hydroxylase initiated by cholesterol in inhibition of bile acid synthesis in cholesterol metabolism, thus attenuated absorption of lipid.

Injection of green tea EGCG also increased the level of HMG-CoA reductase in inhibited cholesterol synthesis, biliary lipid secretion, and elevated blood cholesterol through activation of low-density lipoprotein receptors which play an important role of limiting step in lipid synthesis.

Moreover, green tea EGCG also elevated scavenger receptor class B type 1 (SRB1) with functions as a receptor for high-density lipoprotein in meditating the uptake of HDL-derived cholesterol and cholesteryl ester in the liver as well as modulating and regulating certain pathways and networks involved cellular lipids in biological systems.

Dr. Huang J, the lead scientist in the joint study at the State University of New Jersey, said, "The intestinal bile acid content was significantly decreased by EGCG, while fecal excretion of bile acids, cholesterol and total lipids were increased" and "EGCG decreases bile acid reabsorption, results in lower intestinal bile acid levels, which further decreased the absorption of lipids".

Further differentiation of the green tea effect to examine the on lipid levels associated with obesity in C57BL/6J mice fed a normal diet (ND), HFD and HFD with GT for 12 weeks, group with green tea extract and HFD expression a significant alternation of levels of several lipid metabolites observed by the partial least squares discriminant analysis score plot.

Mice group fed with high fat diet demonstrated decreased levels of lysophospholipids (LPLs) (lysophosphatidylcholine, lysophosphatidylethanolamine and lysophosphatidylserine) which show a negative correlation with triglyceride hydrolysis and increased fat absorption in compared to normal diet group. These alternations were not found in mice group fed with HFD plus green tea.

Alternation of lysophospholipid was associated to substantial impact on lysophospholipid metabolism, in contribution of the onset or progression of obesity.

The restoration of lysophospholipids (LPLs) by green tea extract caused by long term high fat diet may be an indication of how green tea reduced expression of inflammation, insulin resistance, and fatty liver disease in obesity.

Interestingly, in the observation of injection of green tea extract in the regulation of hepatic fat metabolism in 36 male chickens fed GTPs at a daily dose of 0, 80 or 160 mg/kg of body weight for 4 weeks, researchers at the joint study lead by the Anhui Agricultural University, suggested that oral administration of green tea polyphenols (GTPs) significantly improves lipid metabolism through reduced hepatic lipid content and abdominal fat mass and abdominal fat mass accumulation which were correlated to onset and progression of over weight and obesity.

Additionally, the application also expressed a strong effect in the phosphorylation levels of AMP-activated protein kinase α (AMPKα) which play an important role in skeletal muscle fatty acid utilization and in regulating growth and reprogramming metabolism, and Acetyl-CoA carboxylase 1 (ACACA) in modulation of fat cell cycle stages and cytokinesis, thus reducing fat synthesis and production of pro inflammatory cytokines.

More importantly, green tea polyphenol also altered the mRNA levels and enzymatic activities in suppressed expression of enzymes involved PUFA in the liver in stimulated lipid synthesis and fat oxidation.

Taken together, green tea containing high amount of bioactive polyphenols, such as catechins may be considered as a functional food to reduce onset and progression of over weight and obesity. However, intake of green tea extract should be taken with care as acute liver toxicity has been reported in some cases.

For More information of yoga lessons tailor to a complete well being for women, please visit: YOGA BURN

Back to Kyle J. Norton Home page http://kylejnorton.blogspot.ca

For More information of yoga lessons tailor to a complete well being for women, please visit: YOGA For Women

Sources
(1) Green Tea Polyphenol EGCG Alleviates Metabolic Abnormality and Fatty Liver by Decreasing Bile Acid and Lipid Absorption in Mice by Huang J1,2, Feng S1,3, Liu A1, Dai Z1,4, Wang H1, Reuhl K5, Lu W6, Yang CS1,2.(PubMed)
(2) Effect of green tea on hepatic lipid metabolism in mice fed a high-fat diet by Nam M1, Choi MS2, Choi JY2, Kim N3, Kim MS3, Jung S1, Kim J1, Ryu DH4, Hwang GS5.(PubMed)
(3) Green tea polyphenols alter lipid metabolism in the livers of broiler chickens through increased phosphorylation of AMP-activated protein kinase by Huang J1,2, Zhou Y1, Wan B1, Wang Q1, Wan X1,2.(PubMed)
(4) Increase in serum and bile cholesterol and HMG-CoA reductase by lovastatin in rats by Yamauchi S1, Linscheer WG, Beach DH.(PubMed)

Holistic Health Articles and Research Related to Herbal Medicines, Foods and Phytochemicals

Pages

Questions or Enquiries?

Friday, 19 January 2018

Herbal Therapy: Herbal Catnip in Reduced Risk and Treatment of Breast Cancer

Herbal Therapy: Green Tea In Prevention and Treatment of Acute and Chronic Constipation

Thursday, 18 January 2018

Herbal Therapy: Herbal Anise in Ameliorated Menopausal Hot Flash Frequency and Severity

Herbal Therapy: Habitual Green Tea in Ameliorated Risk of Stroke

Wednesday, 17 January 2018

Alternative Therapy: Yoga in Reduced Blood Glucose Levels in Gestational Diabetes and Improved Pregnancy Outcome

Herbal Therapy: Green Tea in Ameliorated Risk and Prevented Onset of Intestinal Ischemia

Tuesday, 16 January 2018

Herbal Therapy: Green tea In Modulated Fat Metabolism