The 2nd edition of The holistic Prevention, Management and Treatment of Dementia under The Microscope of Conventional Medicine - Life Style Causes of dementia

Kyle J. Norton (Scholar)

Health article writer and researcher; Over 10.000 articles and research papers have been written and published on line, including world wide health, ezine articles, article base, healthblogs, selfgrowth, best before it's news, the karate GB daily, etc.,.
Named TOP 50 MEDICAL ESSAYS FOR ARTISTS & AUTHORS TO READ by Disilgold.com Named 50 of the best health Tweeters Canada - Huffington Post
Nominated for shorty award over last 4 years
Some articles have been used as references in medical research, such as international journal Pharma and Bio science, ISSN 0975-6299.

Abstract
Dementia is defined as neuro degeneration syndrome among elder, affecting memory, thinking, orientation, comprehension, calculation, learning capacity, language, and judgement over 47 millions
of worldwide population, mostly in the West. The evaluation of the syndrome by holistic medicine has been lacking, especially through conventional medicine research and studies. The aim of this essay is to provide accurate information of how effective of holistic medicine in prevention, management and treatment of dementia through searching data base of PubMed.
This is the third time, a research paper has been written this way to general public that you will not find any where in the net.

Causes of dementia

H. Life Style causes of Dementia
1. Unhealthy diet
Unhealthy lifestyle choices lead to an increasing incidence of obesity, diabetes mellitus type II, hypertension and disorder of the metabolic syndrome(159)(160), are found to associate to risk of AD. Recent research supports the hypothesis that calorie intake, among other non-genetic factors, can influence the risk of clinical dementia(161).

2. Psychological and Neurological effects
Dysfunctional mind may be associated to dementia due to its effects on the cognitive profile of ALS, a subclinical behavioural-variant frontotemporaldementia (bvFTD(162). Stress, anxiety, depression(163), negative thoughts(162), unhealthy life style(159)(160), unwholesome diet(161), can cause memory, intellect, attention, thinking, comprehension and personality, with preservation of normal level of consciousness deficits(164)

3. Excessive alcohol drinking
Moderate alcohol drinking of less than 2 cups for men and 1 cups for women of red wine are said to offer possible health benefits(165), but binge drinkingin midlife and excessive alcohol usages are associated with an increased risk of dementia, according to the follow-up, 103 participants had developeddementia(166), including central pontine myelinolysis, Marchiafava-Bignami disease(167).

4. Smoking
Smoking is a risk factor for several life-threatening diseases, including diseases of central nervous system(169) but its long-term afflicts of dementia is controversial and understudied. According to University of Eastern Finland, heavy smoking in midlife was found to associate with a greater than 100% increase in risk of dementia, AD, and VaD more than 2 decades later, in a follow up study of a total of 5367 people diagnosed withdementia (including 1136 cases of AD and 416 cases of VaD)(168).

5. Etc.

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References

(159) Systematic review of impact of lifestyle-modification programs on metabolic risks and patient-reported outcomes in adults with metabolic syndrome.by Lin CH1, Chiang SL, Tzeng WC, Chiang LC.(PubMed)
(160) [Live style and risk of lifestyle diseases].[Article in Czech]by Kábrt J.(PubMed)
(161) Metabolic syndrome and the role of dietary lifestyles in Alzheimer's disease by Pasinetti GM1, Eberstein JA.(PubMed)
(162) Impaired affective and cognitive theory of mind and behavioural change in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis by van der Hulst EJ1, Bak TH2, Abrahams S2.(PubMed)
(163) Psychophysiological correlates of cognitive deficits in family caregivers of patients with Alzheimer Disease.by Corrêa MS1, Vedovelli K1, Giacobbo BL1, de Souza CE2, Ferrari P3, de Lima Argimon II4, Walz JC5, Kapczinski F3, Bromberg E6.(PubMed)
(164) Evaluation of diet and life style in etiopathogenesis of senile dementia: A survey study.by Chaudhuri K1, Samarakoon SM, Chandola HM, Kumar R, Ravishankar B.(PubMed)
(165) Healthy Lifestyle Nutrition and healthy eating(Mayo clinic)
(166) Binge drinking in midlife and dementia risk by Järvenpää T1, Rinne JO, Koskenvuo M, Räihä I, Kaprio J.(PubMed)
(167) Molecular and neurologic responses to chronic alcohol use by Costin BN1, Miles MF2.(PubMed)
(168) Heavy smoking in midlife and long-term risk of Alzheimer disease and vascular dementia by Rusanen M1, Kivipelto M, Quesenberry CP Jr, Zhou J, Whitmer RA.(PubMed)
(169) Smoking: effects on multiple sclerosis susceptibility and disease progression by Dean M. Wingerchuk(PMC)

The 2nd edition of The holistic Prevention, Management and Treatment of Dementia under The Microscope of Conventional Medicine - Medication Causes of dementia

Kyle J. Norton (Scholar)

Health article writer and researcher; Over 10.000 articles and research papers have been written and published on line, including world wide health, ezine articles, article base, healthblogs, selfgrowth, best before it's news, the karate GB daily, etc.,.
Named TOP 50 MEDICAL ESSAYS FOR ARTISTS & AUTHORS TO READ by Disilgold.com Named 50 of the best health Tweeters Canada - Huffington Post
Nominated for shorty award over last 4 years
Some articles have been used as references in medical research, such as international journal Pharma and Bio science, ISSN 0975-6299.

Abstract
Dementia is defined as neuro degeneration syndrome among elder, affecting memory, thinking, orientation, comprehension, calculation, learning capacity, language, and judgement over 47 millions
of worldwide population, mostly in the West. The evaluation of the syndrome by holistic medicine has been lacking, especially through conventional medicine research and studies. The aim of this essay is to provide accurate information of how effective of holistic medicine in prevention, management and treatment of dementia through searching data base of PubMed.
This is the third time, a research paper has been written this way to general public that you will not find any where in the net.

Causes of dementia
G. Medication Causes of Dementia
As aging, accumulation of toxins of certain medication used to treat certain diseases, such as antidepressants, sedatives, cardiovascular drugs and anti-anxiety medications may cause increased risk of cognitive dysfunction, including dementia-like symptoms(146).
1. Antidepressants, selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors, antipsychotics and benzodiazepines
An Antidepressant is a psychiatric medication used to treat mood disorders, such as major depression and dysthymia and anxiety disorders. According toJohns Hopkins Bayview Medical Center. all antidepressants, selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs), antipsychotics (atypical and typical), and benzodiazepines overtime of medication exposure, induced more rapid cognitive and functional decline in AD(147).

2. Anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs)
Risks for AD and all-cause dementia were lower significantly with the use of any NSAIDs, but there is a weak link associated between usage of NSAIDs and the risk of cognitive impairment but not dementia(148).

3. Cannabis
Cannabis has been used for the treatment of a number of conditions, including neuropathic pain, spasticity associated with multiple sclerosis, and chemotherapy-induced nausea, etc,. Chronic use of cannabis may impair intellectual abilities, probably through some causal pathways(149).

4. Hallucinogens
Hallucinogens, psychedelic drugs, used primary action in altered cognition and perception, may cause distortion of sensory perception, and other psychic and somatic effects, including sweating, heart palpitations, blurring of vision, memory loss, trembling, and itching(150).

5. Risperidone
The most prescribed antipsychotic medication has shown to increase risk of dementia(152) and other cognitive dysfunction, depending to overtime chronic exposure(151).

5. Others
a. Corticosteroids
Corticosteroids are synthetic drugs closely resemble cortisol, a steroid hormones produced by the adrenal glands to assist the physiologic processes, including stress response, immune response, and regulation of inflammation, carbohydrate metabolism, behavior, etc., but an excessive usage may induce risk of progressive cognitive decline(153)(154).

b. Antibiotics
Antibiotics are medication taken to treat a variety of infections found to be associated with increased risk of psychomotor deceleration, delirium and psychosis in elderly patients(155)(156).

c. H2-receptor antagonists
H2-receptor antagonists are medicines taken to reduce the amount of acid in the stomach by blocking one important producer of histamine2, may cause acute and chronic cognitive impairments(157)(158).

d. Etc.


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References

(146) Prescription Drugs That Cause Dementia By Alexander Grouch

(147) The association of psychotropic medication use with the cognitive, functional, and neuropsychiatric trajectory of Alzheimer's disease by Rosenberg PB1, Mielke MM, Han D, Leoutsakos JS, Lyketsos CG, Rabins PV, Zandi PP, Breitner JC, Norton MC, Welsh-Bohmer KA, Zuckerman IH, Rattinger GB, Green RC, Corcoran C, Tschanz JT.(PubMed)
(148) Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug use and the risk of cognitive impairment and Alzheimer's disease by Côté S1, Carmichael PH, Verreault R, Lindsay J, Lefebvre J, Laurin D(PubMed)
(149) Dementia associated with alcohol and other drug use by Hulse GK1, Lautenschlager NT, Tait RJ, Almeida OP..(PubMed)
(150) The Effects of Hallucinogenic Drugs on The Brain. Submitted by SerendipUpdate on Wed, 01/16/2008 - 4:34pm
(151) [Antipsychotic use in the cohort PACA-Alz in patients with Alzheimer's disease and other dementia in 2010].[Article in French] by Bonin-Guillaume S1, Martin G2, Zafack J3, Gentile G4, Allaria-Lapierre V5, Sciortino V5, Thirion X3, Micallef J6(PubMed)
(152) Risperidone and dementia-related aggression: new indication. A last resort, no better than haloperidol.[No authors listed](PubMed)
(153) A case of early-onset rapidly progressive dementia by Cachia D1, Smith T2, Paydarfar D3, Pomorska G3(PubMed)
(154)  Delirium and severe illness: Etiologies, severity of delirium and phenomenological differences. by Boettger S1, Jenewein J1, Breitbart W2.(PubMed)
(155) [Unwanted side effects of antibacterials--a diagnostic challenge].[Article in German]by Fux R1, Mörike K, Gleiter CH.(PubMed)
(156) Gatifloxacin-induced delirium and psychosis in an elderly demented woman.by Satyanarayana S, Campbell B.(PubMed)
(157) [Drug-induced cognitive impairment].[Article in Japanese] by Shinohara M1, Yamada M.(PubMed)
(158) Drug-induced cognitive impairment in the elderly. by Moore AR1, O'Keeffe ST.(PubMed)

The 2nd edition of The holistic Prevention, Management and Treatment of Dementia under The Microscope of Conventional Medicine - Diet Causes of dementia

Kyle J. Norton (Scholar)

Health article writer and researcher; Over 10.000 articles and research papers have been written and published on line, including world wide health, ezine articles, article base, healthblogs, selfgrowth, best before it's news, the karate GB daily, etc.,.
Named TOP 50 MEDICAL ESSAYS FOR ARTISTS & AUTHORS TO READ by Disilgold.com Named 50 of the best health Tweeters Canada - Huffington Post
Nominated for shorty award over last 4 years
Some articles have been used as references in medical research, such as international journal Pharma and Bio science, ISSN 0975-6299.

Abstract
Dementia is defined as neuro degeneration syndrome among elder, affecting memory, thinking, orientation, comprehension, calculation, learning capacity, language, and judgement over 47 millions
of worldwide population, mostly in the West. The evaluation of the syndrome by holistic medicine has been lacking, especially through conventional medicine research and studies. The aim of this essay is to provide accurate information of how effective of holistic medicine in prevention, management and treatment of dementia through searching data base of PubMed.
This is the third time, a research paper has been written this way to general public that you will not find any where in the net.

Causes of dementia

F. Diet Causes of dementia
Midlife characteristics of nonsmoking, body mass index (BMI) less than 25.0 kg/m(2), physically active, and having a healthy diet (based on alcohol, dairy, meat, fish, fruits, vegetables, cereals, and ratio of monounsaturated tosaturated fat) are associated to reduce risk of dementia(132)

1. Saturated fat and Trans fat(145)
Saturated fat is important for energy, hormone production, cellular membranes, especially in signalling and stabilization processes in the body, but over consumption can cause cholesterol building up in the arteries leading to heart diseases, stroke, diabetes, etc. A high saturated fat and cholesterol intake has shown to increase the risk of dementia, whereas fish consumption may decrease this risk(135)(145), probably due to involvement in the β-oxidation process of long-chain fatty acids, very-long-chain fatty acids, and branched-chain fatty acids of peroxisome(133)(145) in the breaks down molecules into smaller units to release energy of very long chain fatty acids(134). Intake of trans fat is also found to potentially increase the AD risk or cause an earlier onset of the disease due to its effects in increased production of amyloid beta (Aβ) peptides, main components of senile plaques(136).

2. Artificial sweetener
Artificial sweetener can cause obesity risk of dementia independent of diabetes and cardiovascular comorbidities(137). and induced increasing consumption of fat(138).

3. Fast Foods
Fast foods, unwholesome foods, containing high amounts of artificial ingredients, with an aim to be cooked fast and handed over to the customer in minutes may induce anxiety, tension, depression, difficulty in concentration, and memory of that can lead to onset of senile dementia(139).

4. Artificial ingredients
A standard American diet containing high amount of MSG and aspartame may induce the early onset of neurodegenerative disease(140)

5. Alcohol
Moderate alcohol drinking is associated with a reduced risk of unspecified incident dementia and AD(141)(145), but excessive consumption of alcohol not only causes liver damage but also increases risk of neuro-degeneration, including onset of dementia due to its neurotoxic and neuroprotective effect(142).

6. Low intake of fruits and Vegetables
Nutrition plays a role in the ageing process of the brain and suboptimal nutrient. According to The Chinese University of Hong Kong, older people with questionable dementia have lower intakes of vegetables, fruits(145) and fluid than those who were cognitively normal(143)

7. Meat
The typical American diet containing high amounts of red meat has shown to increase risk of cholesterol building up in the blood vessels and capillaries in causation of heart diseases and stroke(144) and cognitive impairment(135).

8. Etc.

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References

(135) Dietary fat intake and the risk of incident dementia in the Rotterdam Study by Kalmijn S1, Launer LJ, Ott A, Witteman JC, Hofman A, Breteler MM.(PubMed)

(136) Trans fatty acids enhance amyloidogenic processing of the Alzheimer amyloid precursor protein (APP) by Grimm MO1, Rothhaar TL, Grösgen S, Burg VK, Hundsdörfer B, Haupenthal VJ, Friess P, Kins S, Grimm HS, Hartmann T.(PubMed)

(137) Can artificial sweeteners help control body weight and prevent obesity? by Benton D1.(PubMed)

(138) Central obesity and increased risk of dementia more than three decades laterby R. A. Whitmer, PhD, D. R. Gustafson, PhD, E. Barrett-Connor, MD, M. N. Haan, DrPH, E. P. Gunderson, PhD and K. Yaffe, MD(Neurology)

(139) Evaluation of diet and life style in etiopathogenesis of senile dementia: A survey study. by Chaudhuri K1, Samarakoon SM, Chandola HM, Kumar R, Ravishankar B.(PubMed)

(140) WHERE CTE, DIET, and NEURODEGENERATION MEET(Reversing disease for optimal health)

(141) Alcohol drinking, cognitive functions in older age, predementia, and dementia syndromes by
Panza F1, Capurso C, D'Introno A, Colacicco AM, Frisardi V, Lorusso M, Santamato A, Seripa D, Pilotto A, Scafato E, Vendemiale G, Capurso A, Solfrizzi V.(PubMed)

(142) Alcohol and cognition in the elderly: a review by Kim JW1, Lee DY, Lee BC, Jung MH, Kim H, Choi YS, Choi IG.(PubMed)

(143) Lower fluid and fruits/vegetable intake in questionable dementia among older Hong Kong Chinese.by Lee J1, Lam L, Woo J, Kwok T.(PubMed)

(144) Meat consumption in relation to mortality from cardiovascular disease among Japanese men and women by Nagao M1, Iso H, Yamagishi K, Date C, Tamakoshi A.(PubMed)

(145) Alcohol consumption in mild cognitive impairment and dementia: harmful or neuroprotective? by Panza F1, Frisardi V, Seripa D, Logroscino G, Santamato A, Imbimbo BP, Scafato E, Pilotto A, Solfrizzi V.(PubMed)

The 2nd edition of The holistic Prevention, Management and Treatment of Dementia under The Microscope of Conventional Medicine - Substance Abused Causes of Dementia

Kyle J. Norton (Scholar)

Health article writer and researcher; Over 10.000 articles and research papers have been written and published on line, including world wide health, ezine articles, article base, healthblogs, selfgrowth, best before it's news, the karate GB daily, etc.,.
Named TOP 50 MEDICAL ESSAYS FOR ARTISTS & AUTHORS TO READ by Disilgold.com Named 50 of the best health Tweeters Canada - Huffington Post
Nominated for shorty award over last 4 years
Some articles have been used as references in medical research, such as international journal Pharma and Bio science, ISSN 0975-6299.

Abstract
Dementia is defined as neuro degeneration syndrome among elder, affecting memory, thinking, orientation, comprehension, calculation, learning capacity, language, and judgement over 47 millions
of worldwide population, mostly in the West. The evaluation of the syndrome by holistic medicine has been lacking, especially through conventional medicine research and studies. The aim of this essay is to provide accurate information of how effective of holistic medicine in prevention, management and treatment of dementia through searching data base of PubMed.
This is the third time, a research paper has been written this way to general public that you will not find any where in the net.

Causes of dementia
E. Substance Abused Causes of Dementia
Illicit drug used may cause nervous system impairment due to their direct and indirect effects on the integrity and function of nervous system tissue, probably through immune altered effects(124). Injection drug users has shown to increase risk of dementia, up to 40% of patients with HIV infection(125)

1. Heroin
Heroin (diacetylmorphine or morphine diacetate (INN)), also known as diamorphine (BAN), an opiate drug extracted from the seed pod of the Asian opium poppy plant, showed to induce dysfunction of different components of cortico-striatal (forebrain) circuitry in response to recognition memory, spatial working memory, planning, sequence generation, visual discrimination learning, and attentional set-shifting of groups of subjects(126).

2. Cocaine and Methamphetamine
Cocaine (benzoylmethylecgonine) (INN), a crystalline tropane alkaloid obtained from the leaves of the coca plant showed to induce rapidly accelerating HIV dementia accompanied by seizures and an unusual movement disorder(127).

3. Lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD)
Lysergic acid diethylamide, abbreviated LSD or LSD-25, also known as lysergide and colloquially as acid, is a semisynthetic psychedelic drug used to treat patients with mental disorders may temporarily alter the thinking processes, closed and open eye visuals, synaesthesia, an altered sense of time, etc.(128), but regain the ability to judge, to acquire competence and new learning, to focus attention and concentrate, to recall and retrieve relevant information(129)

4. Ecstasy (3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine, or MDMA
Ecstasy, a highly addictive drug, is a powerful CNS stimulant with chemically similar to the stimulant methamphetamine and hallucinogen mescaline induced confusion, depression, sleep problems, drug craving, and severe anxiety(130).

5. Other illicit drugs
According to the study at University of Rostock, Dr. Büttner A., drug abuse represents a significant health issue. The major substances abused substances including cannabis, opiates, cocaine, amphetamine, methamphetamine and 'ecstasy'. altered intracellular messenger pathways, transcription factors and immediate early genes within the brain reward system may lead to cardiovascular complications, psychiatric and neurologic symptoms due to their widespread disturbances within the complex network of central nervous system in cell-to-cell interaction(131).


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References

(124) Neurologic disease in injection drug users: therapeutic issues by Royal W 3rd1.(PubMed)

(125) Antiretroviral therapy for drug users by Clarke SM1, Mulcahy FM.(PubMed)

(126) Profiles of cognitive dysfunction in chronic amphetamine and heroin abusers by 

Ornstein TJ1, Iddon JL, Baldacchino AM, Sahakian BJ, London M, Everitt BJ, Robbins TW.(PubMed)

(127) Acceleration of HIV dementia with methamphetamine and cocaine by Nath A1, Maragos WF, Avison MJ, Schmitt FA, Berger JR.(PubMed)

(128) Lysergic acid diethylamide(Wikipedia)

(129) The Consumers Union Report on Licit and Illicit Drugs by Edward M. Brecher and the Editors of Consumer Reports Magazine, 1972(Schaffer library and drug policy)

(130) Publications - DrugFacts(National institute on drug abuse)

(131)  Review: The neuropathology of drug abuse by Büttner A1.(PubMed)

The 2nd edition of The holistic Prevention, Management and Treatment of Dementia under The Microscope of Conventional Medicine - Diseases Causes of Dementia

Kyle J. Norton (Scholar)

Health article writer and researcher; Over 10.000 articles and research papers have been written and published on line, including world wide health, ezine articles, article base, healthblogs, selfgrowth, best before it's news, the karate GB daily, etc.,.
Named TOP 50 MEDICAL ESSAYS FOR ARTISTS & AUTHORS TO READ by Disilgold.com Named 50 of the best health Tweeters Canada - Huffington Post
Nominated for shorty award over last 4 years
Some articles have been used as references in medical research, such as international journal Pharma and Bio science, ISSN 0975-6299.

Abstract
Dementia is defined as neuro degeneration syndrome among elder, affecting memory, thinking, orientation, comprehension, calculation, learning capacity, language, and judgement over 47 millions
of worldwide population, mostly in the West. The evaluation of the syndrome by holistic medicine has been lacking, especially through conventional medicine research and studies. The aim of this essay is to provide accurate information of how effective of holistic medicine in prevention, management and treatment of dementia through searching data base of PubMed.
This is the third time, a research paper has been written this way to general public that you will not find any where in the net.

Causes of dementia

C. Diseases Causes of Dementia
1. Alzheimer's disease
Alzheimer's disease is a brain disorder named for German physician Alois Alzheimer. Alzheimer's destroys brain cells, effecting memory, thinking and behavior severe enough to affect language communication, memory, lifelong hobbies or social life.

2. Stroke (Vascular problems)
Strokes caused by uncontrolled diet with high in saturated and trans fats, can lead to bad cholesterol building up(88) in blocking the circulation of blood to the body, thus increasing volume of infarction, in the brain(89). If oxygen is not delivered to the brain cells, some cells die off and can not reproduce(90), causing stroke(89). Others happen, when a blood vessel in the brain ruptures(91), it causes the cells in your brain deprived of oxygen with symptoms of vascular dementia(92)(93)(94).
According to the prevalence, incidence, and factors associated with pre-stroke and post-stroke dementia by University Department of Clinical Neurology, 10% of patients had dementia before first stroke, 10% developed new dementia soon after first stroke, and more than a third had dementiaafter recurrent stroke(95).

3. Dementia with Lewy bodies
Lewy bodies is a condition of spherical masses displaced other cell components with symptoms of fluctuating cognitive ability with pronounced variations in attention and alertness, recurrent visual hallucinations and spontaneous motor features, including akinesia, rigidity and tremor(97). Abnormal aggregates of protein develop inside nerve cells are also found in Parkinson's disease (PD), Lewy Body Dementia and some other disorders.(96). According to Mayo Clinic in MRI analysis of the characterizing the tissue abnormalities characteristic of Alzheimer diseaseand DLB, loss of tissues due to increased amygdalar diffusivity in dementiawith Lewy bodies (DLB) may be related to small cavity in the cytoplasm of a cell, a common pathology associated with Lewy body disease(98).


4. Fronto-temporal dementia
Fronto-temporal dementia (FTD) or Pick's disease is clinical syndrome caused by degeneration of the frontal lobe(lobes of the brain lying immediately behind the forehead) of the brain, lead to symptoms ofdepression and executive dysfunction triggering the loss of autonomy, the risk of fall and of malnutrition in elderly patients(100). Early diagnosis of fronto-temporal dementia (FTD) is often difficult because of the non-specific presentation, a delayed-gross estimation of injury or dysfunction of the frontal lobe(99).

5. Progressive supranuclear palsy
Progressive supranuclear palsy, a condition of a movement disorder occurred as a result of damage to certain nerve cells with relatively specific patterns of atrophy, involving the brainstem, the latter frontoparietal regions, pontine tegmentum and the left frontal eye field(102) in the brain may lead to serious and progressive problems with control of gait and balance, including an inability to aim the eyes properly(101).

6. Korsakoff's syndrome
Korsakoff's syndrome, named after Sergei Korsakoff, a Russian neuropsychiatris, a neurological disorder caused by deficiency of Vitamin B1 (thiamine) in the brain and associated closely to chronic alcohol abuse and/or severe malnutrition, can lead to spontaneous alternation performance impaired in PTD accompanied by a significant reduction (30%) in phosphorylated synapsin I(103). Korsakoff's syndrome has been linked to neurotoxic effect of chronic alcohol consumption causes of medial thalami, mammillary bodies, and corpus callosum(104)
According to University of Campinas (Unicamp), the main causes of thiamine deficiency and viral infection or toxins in the blood, other adjunct factors, include magnesium depletion and chronic alcohol misuse, in the development of Korsakoff's syndrome(105)

7. Binswanger's disease
Binswanger disease also known as subcortical vascular dementia is a type of small vessel vascular dementia caused by microscopic areas of damage to the deep layers of white matter in the brain, including mostly of glial cells and myelinated axons in transmitting signals from one region of the cerebrum to another and between the cerebrum and lower brain centers.
Binswanger's disease frequency increased with age, independent of other risk factors, is associated with white matter hyperintensities (WMHs) deficits in selected cognitive functions(106). The disease is considered as
a progressive dementia, depression and "subcortical" dysfunction such as gait abnormalities, rigidity and neurogenic bladder(107). Control of hypertension may help prevent further progression of white matterdisease(107).

8. Acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS)
Acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) is a condition of the progressive failure of the immune system caused by HIV, a lentivirus, originated HIV invasion of CNS by crossing the blood-brain barrier (BBB), through progression of chronic inflammation induced dysfunction in neurons and astrocytes(star-shaped glial cells in the brain)(108). The presence of tumor necrosis factor-alpha (in systemic inflammation) may also increase the risk of the development of neurological dysfunction(109).

9. Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease (CJD)
Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease (CJD) is a form of incurable, fatal, degenerative neurological disorder cause of rapid decrease of mental function and movement due to the infectious replicate protein, including symptoms of Mild Cognitive Impairment resembled the final stages of Alzheimer's disease,inexplicable visual disturbances(110).

10. Parkinson's disease
Parkinson's disease is a condition of a degenerative disorder of the central nervous system causes of shaking (tremors) and difficulty with walking, movement, etc. with dementia commonly occurring in the advanced stages of the disease. According to study, in a survey of all stages of disease and 18.38 % demented from patients, caregiver and both, spychotic symptoms, mood/Apathy, and impulse control disorders are accounted for 66.63 % of the variance(111).

11. Huntington's disease
Huntington's disease is a condition of a neurodegenerative genetic disorder affected the muscle coordination causes of cognitive decline and psychiatric problems(17). Impairments of patients with Huntington's disease include speed of processing, initiation, and attention measuresin linear regression(112).

12. Motor Neurone disease (MND)
Motor neuron disease is a group of neurological disorders affected the motor neurones, located in the central nervous system (CNS), causes of cognitive and behavioural changes(113)

13. Multiple Sclerosis
Multiple Sclerosis is a condition of an inflammatory disease due to the damage of the fatty myelin sheaths around the axons of the brain and spinal cord, responded to vision, speech, walking, writing, and memory(114).

14. Obesity
Midlife and late-life obesity may increase the risk of dementia. In 480 persons with incident dementia, risk of dementia was associated to patients with for obese (BMI >30) and uderweight persons (BMI <20) but not overweight (BMI >25-30)(115).

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References

(88) A high fat, high cholesterol diet leads to changes in metabolite patterns in pigs--a metabolomic study by Sun J1, Monagas M2, Jang S2, Molokin A2, Harnly JM1, Urban JF Jr2, Solano-Aguilar G2, Chen P3.(PubMed)
(89 Long-term exposure to high fat diet is bad for your brain: exacerbation of focal ischemic brain injury by Langdon KD1, Clarke J, Corbett D.(PubMed)
(90) Brain repair: cell therapy in stroke by Kalladka D1, Muir KW1.(PubMed)
(91) Microglial responses after ischemic stroke and intracerebral hemorrhage.by Taylor RA1, Sansing LH.(PubMed)
(92) Vascular contributions to cognitive impairment and dementia: a statement for healthcare professionals from the american heart association/american stroke association by  Gorelick PB, Scuteri A, Black SE, Decarli C, Greenberg SM, Iadecola C, Launer LJ, Laurent S, Lopez OL, Nyenhuis D, Petersen RC, Schneider JA, Tzourio C,Arnett DK, Bennett DA, Chui HC, Higashida RT, Lindquist R, Nilsson PM, Roman GC, Sellke FW, Seshadri S; American Heart Association Stroke Council, Council on Epidemiology and Prevention, Council on Cardiovascular Nursing, Council on Cardiovascular Radiology and Intervention, and Council on Cardiovascular Surgery and Anesthesia.(PubMed)
(93) Mild cognitive impairment in stroke patients with ischemic cerebral small-vessel disease: a forerunner of vascular dementia by Grau-Olivares M1, Arboix A.(PubMed)
(94) Risk of incident stroke in patients with Alzheimer disease or vascular dementia by Imfeld P1, Bodmer M, Schuerch M, Jick SS, Meier CR.(PubMed)
(95) Prevalence, incidence, and factors associated with pre-stroke and post-stroke dementia: a systematic review and meta-analysis by Pendlebury ST1, Rothwell PM.(PubMed)
(96) Lewy body(Wikipedia)
(97) Visual signs and symptoms of dementia with Lewy bodies by Armstrong RA1(PubMed)
(98) Dementia with Lewy bodies and Alzheimer disease: neurodegenerative patterns characterized by DTI by Kantarci K1, Avula R, Senjem ML, Samikoglu AR, Zhang B, Weigand SD, Przybelski SA, Edmonson HA, Vemuri P, Knopman DS, Ferman TJ, Boeve BF,Petersen RC, Jack CR Jr.(PubMed)
(99) Saccade impairments in patients with fronto-temporal dementia by Meyniel C1, Rivaud-Péchoux S, Damier P, Gaymard B.(PubMed)
(100) [Depression and frontal dysfunction: risks for the elderly?].[Article in French]by Thomas P1, Hazif Thomas C, Billon R, Peix R, Faugeron P, Clément JP.(PubMed)
(101) Neuroanatomical correlates of the progressive supranuclear palsy corticobasal syndrome hybrid by Josephs KA1, Eggers SD, Jack CR Jr, Whitwell JL.(PubMed)
(102) Patterns of brain atrophy that differentiate corticobasal degeneration syndrome from progressive supranuclear palsy by Boxer AL1, Geschwind MD, Belfor N, Gorno-Tempini ML, Schauer GF, Miller BL, Weiner MW, Rosen HJ.(PubMed)
(103) Thiamine deficiency degrades the link between spatial behavior and hippocampal synapsin I and phosphorylated synapsin I protein levels by Resende LS1, Ribeiro AM, Werner D, Hall JM, Savage LM.(PubMed)
(104) Macrostructural abnormalities in Korsakoff syndrome compared with uncomplicated alcoholism by Pitel AL1, Chételat G, Le Berre AP, Desgranges B, Eustache F, Beaunieux H.(PubMed)
(105) Anorexia nervosa and Wernicke-Korsakoff syndrome: a case report by Saad L1, Silva LF, Banzato CE, Dantas CR, Garcia C Jr.(PubMed)
(106) The significance of cerebral white matter abnormalities 100 years after Binswanger's report. A review by Pantoni L1, Garcia JH.(PubMed)
(107) Senile dementia of the Binswanger's type.by Olsen CG1, Clasen ME.(PubMed)
(108) Human immunodeficiency virus infection and acquired immunodeficiency syndrome dementia complex: role of cells of monocyte-macrophage lineage.by Aquaro S1, Ronga L, Pollicita M, Antinori A, Ranazzi A, Perno CF.(PubMed)
(109) Intracerebral cytokine messenger RNA expression in acquired immunodeficiency syndrome dementia by Wesselingh SL1, Power C, Glass JD, Tyor WR, McArthur JC, Farber JM, Griffin JW, Griffin DE.(PubMed)
(110) Atypical features of dementia in a patient with Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease.by Pachalska M1, Kurzbauer H, Formińska-Kapuścik M, Urbanik A, Bierzyńska-Macyszyn G, Właszczuk P.(PubMed)
(111) A short scale for evaluation of neuropsychiatric disorders in Parkinson's disease: first psychometric approach by Martinez-Martin P1, Frades-Payo B, Agüera-Ortiz L, Ayuga-Martinez A.(PubMed)
(112) Huntington's disease(Wikipedia)
(113) Cognitive and functional decline in Huntington's disease: dementia criteria revisited.by Peavy GM1, Jacobson MW, Goldstein JL, Hamilton JM, Kane A, Gamst AC, Lessig SL, Lee JC, Corey-Bloom J.(PubMed)
(114) Cognitive forms of multiple sclerosis: report of a dementia case by Stoquart-Elsankari S1, Périn B, Lehmann P, Gondry-Jouet C, Godefroy O.(PubMed)
(115) Midlife and late-life obesity and the risk of dementia: cardiovascular health study by Fitzpatrick AL1, Kuller LH, Lopez OL, Diehr P, O'Meara ES, Longstreth WT Jr, Luchsinger JA.(PubMed)

The 2nd edition of The holistic Prevention, Management and Treatment of Dementia under The Microscope of Conventional Medicine - Hormonal Causes of Dementia

Kyle J. Norton (Scholar)

Health article writer and researcher; Over 10.000 articles and research papers have been written and published on line, including world wide health, ezine articles, article base, healthblogs, selfgrowth, best before it's news, the karate GB daily, etc.,.
Named TOP 50 MEDICAL ESSAYS FOR ARTISTS & AUTHORS TO READ by Disilgold.com Named 50 of the best health Tweeters Canada - Huffington Post
Nominated for shorty award over last 4 years
Some articles have been used as references in medical research, such as international journal Pharma and Bio science, ISSN 0975-6299.

Abstract
Dementia is defined as neuro degeneration syndrome among elder, affecting memory, thinking, orientation, comprehension, calculation, learning capacity, language, and judgement over 47 millions
of worldwide population, mostly in the West. The evaluation of the syndrome by holistic medicine has been lacking, especially through conventional medicine research and studies. The aim of this essay is to provide accurate information of how effective of holistic medicine in prevention, management and treatment of dementia through searching data base of PubMed.
This is the third time, a research paper has been written this way to general public that you will not find any where in the net.

Causes of Dementia
D. Hormonal Causes of Dementia
1. Growth hormone
According to Universidad de Barcelona, Barcelona, physiological decline of the growth hormone (GH)/insulin-like growth factor-I (IGF-I) axis due to ageing, may involve in the progression of cognitive deficits(116), probably due to ability of both hormones in stimulation of beta amyloid release from neurons and IGF-I involved on brain amyloid clearance(117).

2. Estrogen
According to Scientist at the Kings College London, the decreased production of estrogen due to aging in menopausal women may be association to the risk of dementia(118). Estrogen-replacement therapy has shown to reduce prevalence of Alzheimer's disease in postmenopausal women, but weighing risks and benefits of estrogen-replacement therapy must be taken into account(119)

3. Testosterone
Lower androgen levels in aging are associated with increased plasma Abeta 40 in older men with memory loss or dementia, according to the comparison of levels of serum total testosterone and sex hormone binding globulin (SHBG) and plasma levels of amyloid beta peptide 40(120).

4. DHEA
A decreased concentration of dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate (DHEA-S) and lower DHEA-S/DHEA ratio are associated to risk of Alzheimer's disease (AD)(121)(122).

5. Sex-hormone binding globulin
Gonadotropins may be involved in processes and contribution to the etiology/pathogenesis of AD due to its involvement on inflammation, cholesterol homeostasis, and insulin status(123).

6. Etc.

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References

(117) Senile dementia of the Binswanger's type by Olsen CG1, Clasen ME.(PubMed)
(118) Estrogen therapy and Alzheimer's dementia by Craig MC1, Murphy DG.(PubMed)
(119) Estrogen-replacement therapy and Alzheimer's disease in the Italian Longitudinal Study on Aging by Baldereschi M1, Di Carlo A, Lepore V, Bracco L, Maggi S, Grigoletto F, Scarlato G, Amaducci L.(PubMed)
(120) Relationship between testosterone, sex hormone binding globulin and plasma amyloid beta peptide 40 in older men with subjective memory loss or dementia by Gillett MJ1, Martins RN, Clarnette RM, Chubb SA, Bruce DG, Yeap BB.(PubMed)
(121) Serum dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA) and DHEA-sulfate (DHEA-S) in Alzheimer's disease and in cerebrovascular dementia by Yanase T1, Fukahori M, Taniguchi S, Nishi Y, Sakai Y, Takayanagi R, Haji M, Nawata H.(PubMed)
(122) Decreased dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA) and dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate (DHEAS) concentrations in plasma of Alzheimer's disease (AD) patients by Aldred S1, Mecocci P.(PubMed)
(123) The role of gonadotropins in Alzheimer's disease: potential neurodegenerative mechanisms by
Barron AM1, Verdile G, Martins RN.(PubMed)

The 2nd edition of The holistic Prevention, Management and Treatment of Dementia under The Microscope of Conventional Medicine - Free radical causes of Lou Gehrig's disease(Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis)

Kyle J. Norton (Scholar)

Health article writer and researcher; Over 10.000 articles and research papers have been written and published on line, including world wide health, ezine articles, article base, healthblogs, selfgrowth, best before it's news, the karate GB daily, etc.,.
Named TOP 50 MEDICAL ESSAYS FOR ARTISTS & AUTHORS TO READ by Disilgold.com Named 50 of the best health Tweeters Canada - Huffington Post
Nominated for shorty award over last 4 years
Some articles have been used as references in medical research, such as international journal Pharma and Bio science, ISSN 0975-6299.

Abstract
Dementia is defined as neuro degeneration syndrome among elder, affecting memory, thinking, orientation, comprehension, calculation, learning capacity, language, and judgement over 47 millions
of worldwide population, mostly in the West. The evaluation of the syndrome by holistic medicine has been lacking, especially through conventional medicine research and studies. The aim of this essay is to provide accurate information of how effective of holistic medicine in prevention, management and treatment of dementia through searching data base of PubMed.
This is the third time, a research paper has been written this way to general public that you will not find any where in the net.

Causes of dementia

B.4. Lou Gehrig's disease(Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis)
1. Free radicals and Lou Gehrig's disease
Researchers found that glutamate in the synapses enhances the production of free radicals(77) only in motor nerve cells but spares other nerve cells(74)(75) such as cells control senses and other body functions, causing disruption of astrocytes in regulated glutamate levels(76).

2. Antioxidants and Lou Gehrig's disease
a. Vitamin B12 (methylcobalamin)
High doses of vitamin B12 as an antioxidant have shown to improve or slow muscle wasting in the later stages of patients with ALS disease(78)(79).

b. Vitamin E
Vitamin E protected against cell membranes from lipid peroxidation damage(80) in reduced the risk of breakdown of the cell membrane cause of ALS(81).

c. Superoxide dismutase enzyme
Mutations in the superoxide dismutase enzyme can increase the risk ALS(82) in catalyzing the dismutation of superoxide into oxygen and hydrogen peroxide(83).

d. Cerebral cortex
Oxidative stress and DNA alternation triggered neurons damage(84) were found in elevating levels in mice with ALS(85).

e. Amino acids
Diet high in amino acids as antioxidants have shown some promising effect in treating ALS(86)(87).

Ovarian Cysts And PCOS Elimination
Holistic System In Existence That Will Show You How To
Permanently Eliminate All Types of Ovarian Cysts Within 2 Months

Pregnancy Miracle
Reverse Infertility And Get Pregnant Naturally
Using Holistic Ancient Chinese Medicine

References

(74) System xC- is a mediator of microglial function and its deletion slows symptoms in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis mice by Mesci P1, Zaïdi S1, Lobsiger CS1, Millecamps S1, Escartin C2, Seilhean D1, Sato H3, Mallat M1, Boillée S4.(PubMed)
(75) Microglia and motor neurons during disease progression in the SOD1G93A mouse model of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis: changes in arginase1 and inducible nitric oxide synthase by Lewis KE, Rasmussen AL, Bennett W, King A, West AK, Chung RS, Chuah MI1.(PubMed)
(76) Mutant disrupted-in-schizophrenia 1 in astrocytes: focus on glutamate metabolism by Abazyan S1, Yang EJ, Abazyan B, Xia M, Yang C, Rojas C, Slusher B, Sattler R, Pletnikov M.(PubMed)
(77) Glutamate release and free radical production following brain injury: effects of posttraumatic hypothermia by Globus MY1, Alonso O, Dietrich WD, Busto R, Ginsberg MD.(PubMed)
(78) Methyl Vitamin B12 but not methylfolate rescues a motor neuron-like cell line from homocysteine-mediated cell death. by Hemendinger RA1, Armstrong EJ 3rd, Brooks BR.(PubMed)
(79) [Clinical trials of ultra-high-dose methylcobalamin in ALS].[Article in Japanese] by Izumi Y1, Kaji R.(PubMed)
(80) Antioxidant effect of 4-nerolidylcatechol and α-tocopherol in erythrocyte ghost membranes and phospholipid bilayers. by Fernandes KS1, Silva AH, Mendanha SA, Rezende KR, Alonso A.(PubMed)
(81) Vitamin E serum levels and controlled supplementation and risk of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis by Michal Freedman D1, Kuncl RW, Weinstein SJ, Malila N, Virtamo J, Albanes D.(PubMed)
(82) Aggregation propensities of superoxide dismutase G93 hotspot mutants mirror ALS clinical phenotypes by Pratt AJ1, Shin DS1, Merz GE2, Rambo RP3, Lancaster WA4, Dyer KN3, Borbat PP5, Poole FL 2nd4, Adams MW4, Freed JH5, Crane BR2, Tainer JA6, Getzoff ED7.(PubMed)
(83) Hydrogen peroxide induce modifications of human extracellular superoxide dismutase that results in enzyme inhibition by Gottfredsen RH1, Larsen UG, Enghild JJ, Petersen SV.(PubMed)
(84) Oxidative DNA damage and alteration of glutamate transporter expressions in the hippocampal Ca1 area immediately after ischemic insult.by An SJ1, Kang TC, Park SK, Hwang IK, Cho SS, Chung MH, Won MH.(PubMed)
(85) Functional contribution of the transcription factor ATF4 to the pathogenesis of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis.by Matus S1, Lopez E, Valenzuela V, Nassif M, Hetz C.(PubMed)
(86) Amino acids as biomarkers in the SOD1(G93A) mouse model of ALS.by Bame M1, Grier RE, Needleman R, Brusilow WS.(PubMed)
(87) Branched-chain amino acids and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis: a treatment failure? The Italian ALS Study Group.[No authors listed](PubMed)