Fennel Seed Extracts That Gobble Up Toxins Caused by Medication Toxicity, Scientists Show

Kyle J. Norton

Fennel seeds may have a potential to act as liver antitoxins enzymes in removed xenobiotics from our body, some scientists suggested.

Liver cytochrome P450 3A4 (abbreviated CYP3A4) is an important enzyme, mainly found in the liver with function in stimulating the removal of toxins from our body through the oxidation of small foreign organic molecules (xenobiotics).

Acute drug toxicity is a condition characterized by having too much of a drug in the body at once caused by overdoses of a certain medicine.

Otherwise, drugs toxicity is a condition of toxin accumulation caused by long-term intake of medicine which has a strong and negative impact on the liver or kidneys enzymes that are responsible for toxin removals.

The signs and symptoms of toxicity differ depending on the medication. However, most common symptoms may include diarrhea, dizziness, nausea, stomach pains, vomiting, and weakness.

Untreated drug toxicity may induce complications of ataxia, muscle twitches, slurred speech, nystagmus, seizures, coma,....... and, in rare cases, heart problems and death.

Dr. ALASDAIR BRECKENRIDGE, in the article " A clinical pharmacologist's view of drug toxicity" wrote, "Our ability to understand the basis of adverse drug reactions has improved progressively, and with it, the ability to prevent their occurrence; one aim of the clinical pharmacologist is to identify patients at special risk" and " With a fair degree of certainty one can also predict that advances in bioinformatics, genomics, and combinatorial chemistry will progressively contribute to clinical toxicology in the future"(6).

Fennel (Foeniculum vulgare) is a plant species of the genus, belongings to Apiaceae (Umbelliferae), native to the Mediterranean

The herb or food has been used in traditional and herbal medicine as warming, carminative, antispasmodic, antidepressant agent and to stimulate the appetite, ease indigestion, soothe coughing, reduce intestinal spasms, to regulate the menstrual cycle and relieve PMS,...

In the study to compare the effectiveness of herbal compounds isolated from fennel against toxins that mediated by human liver cytochrome P450 3A4, researchers found that 13 compounds process a strong inhibitory activity(1).
Among these compounds, 5-methoxypsoralen (5-MoP) showed the strongest inhibition of toxins induced by drug interaction with an IC50 value of 18.3 μm and with a mixed type of inhibition(1).

According to the Brescia University Hospital, 5-methoxypsoralen (5-MOP) may be considered an alternative to 8-methoxypsoralen (8-MOP) for photochemotherapy of psoriasis, proven by the study in compared the clinical efficacy and tolerability of 5-MOP (1.2 mg/kg)-UVA versus 8-MOP (0.6 mg/kg)-UVA therapy in 25 patients of skin type III and IV(5).

The University of Toyama conducted an experiment to examine whether methanolic extract of fennel showed a characteristic of mechanism-based inactivation on erythromycin N-demethylation mediated by human liver microsomal cytochrome P450 3A4 (CYP3A4), suggested, 5-methoxypsoralen (5-MOP) showed the strongest inhibition with an IC50 value of 18.3 microM and a mixed type of inhibition, similar to those of above study.

With the preincubation time of 20 min only, 5-MOP showed preincubation time dependency with the IC50 value decreased from 18.3 microM with a preincubation time of 0 min to 4.6 microM with a preincubation time of 20 min(2).

These results suggested that 5-MOP acts as a human Liver Cytochrome P450 3A4 in inhibition of toxins caused by drugs interaction in time-dependent manner.

Additionally, in the examine the antitoxic effect of  30 sample plants of Indonesia, caused by injection of xenobiotics, researchers showed that methanol extracts isolated from fennel seed exerted time-dependent inhibition toxins oxidized similarly to those of cytochrome P450 3A4 (CYP3A4) and CYP2D6.

In comparing the experimental injection to another plant with the same volume, fennel seeds extract should contain mechanism-based inhibitors on CYP3A4.

 Mechanism-based inhibition or suicide inhibition, also known as suicide inactivation is an irreversible form of enzyme inhibition. If you need more information about the definition, please click the link provided by the Evidence Based Medicine

Taken together, fennel and fennel seeds extract may be considered as a functional supplement in protect liver detoxed enzymes against overexpression of toxins caused by small foreign organic molecules.

Natural Medicine for Fatty Liver And Obesity Reversal - The Revolutionary Findings To Achieve Optimal Health And Lose Weight

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Contrary To Professionals Prediction, Floaters Can Be Cured Naturally

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Permanently Eliminate All Types of Ovarian Cysts Within 2 Months

Back to Kyle J. Norton Homepage http://kylejnorton.blogspot.ca


Author Biography
Kyle J. Norton (Scholar, Master of Nutrition, All right reserved)
Health article writer and researcher; Over 10.000 articles and research papers have been written and published online, including worldwide health, ezine articles, article base, health blogs, self-growth, best before it's news, the karate GB daily, etc.,.
Named TOP 50 MEDICAL ESSAYS FOR ARTISTS & AUTHORS TO READ by Disilgold.com Named 50 of the best health Tweeters Canada - Huffington Post
Nominated for shorty award over last 4 years
Some articles have been used as references in medical research, such as international journal Pharma and Bioscience, ISSN 0975-6299.

Sources
(1) Foeniculum vulgare Mill: A Review of Its Botany, Phytochemistry, Pharmacology, Contemporary Application, and Toxicology by Shamkant B. Badgujar,* Vainav V. Patel, and Atmaram H. Bandivdekar(PMC)
(2) Inhibition on human liver cytochrome P450 3A4 by constituents of fennel (Foeniculum vulgare): identification and characterization of a mechanism-based inactivator by Subehan1, Zaidi SF, Kadota S, Tezuka Y(PubMed)
(3) Mechanism-based inhibition of CYP3A4 and CYP2D6 by Indonesian medicinal plants by Subehan1, Usia T, Iwata H, Kadota S, Tezuka Y.(PubMed)
(4) Antimicrobial and P450 Inhibitory Properties of Common Functional Foods by San Nguyen1 , Huang Huang2 , Brian C. Foster1,3, Teresa W. Tam1 , Tim Xing2 , Myron L. Smith2 , John T. Arnason1 , Humayoun Akhtar(J Pharm Pharm Sci (www.cspsCanada.org) 17(2) 254 - 265, 2014)
(5) A reappraisal of the use of 5-methoxypsoralen in the therapy of psoriasis by Calzavara-Pinton P1, Ortel B, Carlino A, Honigsmann H, De Panfilis G(PubMed)
(6) A clinical pharmacologist's view of drug toxicity by ALASDAIR BRECKENRIDGE(PMC)

*Black (Dried, Common) Bean, The Legume That Promotes Weight Loss

Kyle J. Norton(Scholar, Master of Nutrition, all right reserved)

Black or common bean with abundant fiber may be considered as function foods in induced weight loss of obese and overweight subjects, some scientists suggested.

Weight loss is a decrease of body weight regardless to circumstances. However, healthy weight loss is a gradual weight reduction through exercise, change of  diet and lifestyle without affecting the nutrients intake.

 Losing weight is not easy, and it takes commitment. Even 5% or 10% of weight loss may have a significant effect in improved your health. A step-by-step guide is also necessary get you on the right track.

The CDC said,, " if you weigh 200 pounds, a 5 percent weight loss equals 10 pounds, bringing your weight down to 190 pounds. While this weight may still be in the “overweight” or “obese” range, this modest weight loss can decrease your risk factors for chronic diseases related to obesity"(5).

Some researchers suggested over weight and obesity are associated to increase risk of short and long term health problems.

According to the National Institutes of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, overweight and obesity are associated to compilations of type 2 diabetes, high blood pressure, heart disease, and strokes,..... and certain types of cancer.

The BMI can be helpful tool to determine whether you are underweight, normal weight, overweight, or obesity.

* Under weight if MBI is less than 18.5
* Normal weight if  BMI is in the range from 18.5 to 24.9
* Overweight: if  BMI is in the range from 25 to 29.9
* Obesity if BMI is 30 or higher

According to statistic, approximately, over 68% of Amerrican are either over weight or obesity.
and Americans spent over $60 billion a year to purchase diet programs and products.

Black bean, a small roughly ovoid legumes with glossy black shells, genus Phaseolus, belongings to the family Fabaceae can bought in most grocery stores all around the year in dried and canned forms.

It is believed that black bean was first domesticated growth in South America.

In the review of literature data base, researchers at the University of Exeter found that injection of black bean exerted a statistically significant weight loss through reduction of body fat in compared placebo groups(1).

In the study of dried bean in reduced risk of cardiovascular disease in obese subjects,  researchers found that black bean fed Sprague-Dawley rats and diet-induced obesity model in C57Bl/6 mice treated groups experienced significant weight loss through improved plasma lipid profile within a 12 d time frame.

Dr. Zhu Z, the lead author said, "These findings support the use of short-term (7-14 d) assays to investigate mechanisms that account for the cardioprotective and weight regulatory effects of dry bean and to screen dry bean germplasm resources for types of bean with high protective activity'(2).


In fact, a review literature obtained from the electronic databases PubMed, SpringerLink, Google Scholar, ScienceDirect, and MEDLINE with full text (via EBSCOHost) during late 2012 - early January 2013, showed that botanical ingredients from part of Phaseolus vulgaris and extract isolated from plants exhibited a potentially promising therapeutic effects in appetite controlled and weight loss.

Indeed, intake of high amount of dietary fiber has showed statistically significant benefits for reduction of body weight and rick factor in developed complication, such as gallstones.

Taking together, black bean, a the common bean species hold a potential value in weigh loss and weight management through expression of appetite controlled and prevented weight loss induced complications.

However, further studies are necessary to determine the magnitude of the effects, optimal dosage, mechanisms of action, long term safety, and potential side effects of crude extracts.


Natural Medicine for Fatty Liver And Obesity Reversal - The Revolutionary Findings To Achieve Optimal Health And Loose Weight

Ovarian Cysts And PCOS Elimination
Holistic System In Existence That Will Show You How To
Permanently Eliminate All Types of Ovarian Cysts Within 2 Months

Back to Kyle J. Norton Home page http://kylejnorton.blogspot.ca

Kyle J. Norton(Scholar, Master of Nutrition, all right reserved)
Health article writer and researcher; Over 10.000 articles and research papers have been written and published on line, including world wide health, ezine articles, article base, healthblogs, selfgrowth, best before it's news, the karate GB daily, etc.,.
Named TOP 50 MEDICAL ESSAYS FOR ARTISTS & AUTHORS TO READ by Disilgold.com Named 50 of the best health Tweeters Canada - Huffington Post
Nominated for shorty award over last 4 years
Some articles have been used as references in medical research, such as international journal Pharma and Bio science, ISSN 0975-6299.

Sources
(1) The efficacy of Phaseolus vulgaris as a weight-loss supplement: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomised clinical trials by Onakpoya I1, Aldaas S, Terry R, Ernst E.(PubMed)
(2) Edible dry bean consumption (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) modulates cardiovascular risk factors and diet-induced obesity in rats and mice by Zhu Z1, Jiang W, Thompson HJ.(PubMed)
(3) A review on botanical species and chemical compounds with appetite suppressing properties for body weight control by Astell KJ1, Mathai ML, Su XQ.(PubMed)
(4) Dietary fiber's benefit for gallstone disease prevention during rapid weight loss in obese patients by Sulaberidze G1, Okujava M1, Liluashvili K1, Tughushi M1, Bezarashvili S1.(PubMed)
(5) Health Risks of Being Overweight by NIH

Chamomile Extracts That Normalize the (Over and Under Active) Function of Immune System

By Kyle J. Norton, Master of Nutrition


Chamomile (Matricaria chamomilla), in a recent study conducted by some renowned institutions, restored the resistance against lethal infection with the predominately granulocyte-dependant Candida albicans in immunosuppressed mice.

The immune system is the set of cells comprised of the body's defense system against diseases.

In normal immunity, active immunity may also be artificially acquired active immunity caused by injection of the vaccine, a substance that contains antigen and passive immunity is an auto response of immune system against infection through production of antigen.

Immunity can also be passive and active, Dr. David Baxter, in the article of "Active and passive immunity, vaccine types, excipients and licensing" wrote, "Active immunity refers to the process of exposing the body to an antigen to generate an adaptive immune response: the response takes days/weeks to develop but may be long lasting—even lifelong" and " Passive immunity refers to the process of providing IgG antibodies to protect against infection; it gives immediate, but short-lived protection—several weeks to 3 or 4 months at most. Passive immunity is usually classified as natural or acquired"(3).

However, an abnormal immune response such as overactive and under active may cause a weakened immune system or autoimmune diseases.

The common characteristic of over active immunity is the immune system that attacks healthy tissues, thus provoking inflammation, as well as tissue and organ damage. Truly, there are There are an estimated 80 autoimmune diaereses, that affect 14–22 million Americans, or 5%–8% of the population, and their prevalence is on the rise, according to the US National Institutes of Health (NIH)(4).

Underactive immunity can be a primary immune deficiency or acquired immune deficiency. People with weakened immunity, regardless of the cause are at constant danger of infections from bacteria, viruses, and fungi.

Chamomile is also known as camomile, the common name of many species daisy-like plants in the family Asteraceae,

The herb has been used in traditional medicine as antispasmodic and anti-inflammatory constituents and to treat menstrual cramps and sleep disorders, reduce cramping and spastic pain in the bowels, relieve excessive gas and bloating in the intestine, etc.

In the study to examine the immunomodulatory effect of a group of medicinal plant including Silene (Silene nocturna), Black seed (Nigella sativa) and Chamomile (Matricaria chamomilla) growing in Egypt in Balb/c mice, researchers found that intraperitoneal injection chamomile methanolic extract was found to enhance immunity through the increased total white blood cells count(1).

In compared to other plants extracts, chamomile extracts also increased bone marrow cellularity significantly(1).

Furthermore, spleen weight of chamomile treated groups was significantly increased. increased weight of spleen is an indication of improved immune activity as spleen plays an important role in the modulation of the immune system and in the maintenance of peripheral tolerance via the clearance of circulating apoptotic cells, the differentiation and activation of T and B cells and production of antibodies(5)

In groups induced immunosuppressed with cyclophosphamide, group pretreated with the chamomile extracts inhibit Candida significantly through restored their resistance against lethal infection with the predominately granulocyte-dependant Candida albicans(1).

Dr. Ghonime M, the lead author said, These results confirm the immunomodulatory activity of Silene, Black seed, and Chamomile extracts and may have therapeutical implications in the prophylactic treatment of opportunistic infections and as supportive treatment in oncogenic cases".

According to the Russian State Medical University, Moscow, heteropolysaccharides, a class of sugars, found in Matricaria chamomilla L. showed to normalize the developing of the immune response upon air cooling.

These results are attributed to chamomile heteropolysaccharides effects in initiated immunostimulating properties of heavy erythrocytes (macrocytes), the group of enlargement of red blood cells, activated of immunoregulation of cells of peripheral blood and increased the sensitivity of effector cells to helper signals.

Dr. Ghonime M, the lead author, said, "immunomodulatory activity,.....Chamomile extracts may have therapeutical implications in the prophylactic treatment of opportunistic infections and as supportive treatment in oncogenic cases".

There is no doubt that chamomile and its chemical ingredients have expressed a strong immunomodulatory activity in protection of our body against various diseases, but intake of large quantity should be taken with care to avoid toxicity.

However, further data collection on large example size and multi-centers studies performed with human consumption of the chamomile extracts during the course of the disease will be necessary to complete the picture of chamomile immunomodulatory possibilities.


Natural Medicine for Fatty Liver And Obesity Reversal - The Revolutionary Findings To Achieve Optimal Health And Lose Weight

How To Get Rid Of Eye Floaters
Contrary To Professionals Prediction, Floaters Can Be Cured Naturally

Ovarian Cysts And PCOS Elimination
Holistic System In Existence That Will Show You How To
Permanently Eliminate All Types of Ovarian Cysts Within 2 Months

Back to Kyle J. Norton Homepage http://kylejnorton.blogspot.ca


Author Biography
Kyle J. Norton (Scholar, Master of Nutrition, All right reserved)
Health article writer and researcher; Over 10.000 articles and research papers have been written and published online, including worldwide health, ezine articles, article base, health blogs, self-growth, best before it's news, the karate GB daily, etc.,.
Named TOP 50 MEDICAL ESSAYS FOR ARTISTS & AUTHORS TO READ by Disilgold.com Named 50 of the best health Tweeters Canada - Huffington Post
Nominated for shorty award over last 4 years
Some articles have been used as references in medical research, such as international journal Pharma and Bioscience, ISSN 0975-6299.
Sources
(1) Evaluation of immunomodulatory effect of three herbal plants growing in Egypt by Ghonime M1, Eldomany R, Abdelaziz A, Soliman H.(PubMed)
(2) [The immunomodulating activity of the heteropolysaccharides from German chamomile(Matricaria chamomilla) during air and immersion cooling].[Article in Russian] by Uteshev BS1, Laskova IL, Afanas'ev VA.(PubMed)
(3) Active and passive immunity, vaccine types, excipients and licensing by David Baxter(Oxford Academic)
(4) When the immune system goes on the attack by Vicki Brower(PMC)
(5) Liver-spleen axis: Intersection between immunity, infections and metabolism by Giovanni Tarantino, Antonella Scalera, and Carmine Finelli(PMC)

*The Foods' Bioactive Chemicals That Process Anti Endometriosis Activity

Endometriosis is a painful disorder characterized by endometrial cells that grow in other area in the reproductive organs, such as ovaries, fallopian tubes,..... and the tissue lining your pelvis, outside of the uterus.

The causes of endometriosis are debatable. Some researchers suggested that normally a layer of endometrial lining in the inside of uterus is expelled through menstruation, during the last stage of menstrual cycle, instead some of the endometrial tissues grow somewhere else in the body, causing endometriosis.

There are numbers of theory proposed that endometrial tissues grow somewhere else in the body are results of

* Uterine structure abnormalities
The theory suggested, women with uterine structure abnormalities are associated to increase risk of dysfunctional uterine peristalsis. As the condition progress, dysperistalsis of uterus constructions might underlie  disorders of endometriosis(6).

* Retrograde menstruation

Sampson’s theory of retrograde menstruation is is the oldest principle explaining the etiology of endometriosis. The theory suggested.that endometriosis is the result of the retrograde flow of endometrial cells that are transported through the fallopian tubes into the peritoneal cavity during menstruation.

* Genetic alternation

There are numbers of gene that cause uterine structural abnormalities and abnormal endometrial development, including HOX gene.

However, the joint study of "Genetics and Genomics of Endometriosis" lead by the Sanford School of Medicine of the University of South Dakota, " the etiology of endometriosis remains enigmatic but it does appear to cluster in families. Genetic studies have demonstrated an increased frequency of the disease in close relatives with the type of inheritance most likely polygenic/multifactorial. Genomic studies continue to explore differences in gene expression and understanding the basic biology of the disease"(9).

Endometriosis also reacts to hormone signals of the monthly menstrual cycle by building up tissues, breaking them and eliminating them through the menstrual period.

Types of food to prevent and treat endometriosis
1. Flax seed and fish oil (EPA/DHA)
In the study of the effect of oral administration of pure EPA on endometriosis surgically induced in the experimental rabbits in compared to control, researchers found that pure EPA  treatment group s exerts significant decrease of peritoneal fluid PGE2 and IL-1-beta concentrations in compared to control that shows increased significantly after induction of endometriosis(1).

Prostaglandin E(2), PGF2-alpha and proinflammatory IL-1-beta concentrations are up regulated in patients with endometriosis in compared to healthy women.

Furthermore, in endometriosis surgically induced  animal study, researchers indicated that at  day 10, injection of EPA/DHA in endometrial infected group shows a decrease of  concentrations of both peritoneal fluid PGE2 and PGF2-alpha(2).

Moreover, total endometrial implant diameter 8 weeks after induction of endometriosis was significantly smaller in the experimental group in compared to the controls(2).

Dr. Covens AL, the lead scientist at the final report of the experiment said, "dietary supplementation with fish oil, containing the n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids EPA and DHA, can decrease intraperitoneal PGE2 and PGF2-alpha production and retard endometriotic implant growth in this animal model of endometriosis"(2).


2. Organic Soy(Isoflavone)
In the study to examine the associations among soy isoflavone intake, estrogen receptor 2 (ESR2) gene polymorphisms and risk of endometriosis, researchers showed that higher levels of urinary genistein and daidzein were associated with decreased risk of advanced endometriosis  but not early endometriosis(3).

In advanced endometriosis, the adjusted odds ratio for the highest quartile group was 0.21 for genistein and 0.29  for daidzein in compared with the lowest group(30.

Inverse associations were also noted between urinary isoflavones and the severity of endometriosis. For advanced endometriosis(3).

However, the study are based on a total of 138 Japanese women age 20-45 years old who had consulted a university hospital for infertility in Tokyo, Japan in 1999 or 2000. due to endometriosis.

Therefore, a large example size and multi centers study different ethnic groups involved are necessary to re confirm the isoflavone anti endometriosis possibility.

3. Green tea (epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG))
In the study to evaluate the antiangiogenesis mechanism of epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG) in an endometriosis model in vivo, researchers at The Chinese University of Hong Kong, showed that EGCG, inhibits microvessels in endometriotic implants.

EGCG selectively also suppressed vascular endothelial
* Growth factor C (VEGFC), the expression is increased eutopic and ectopic endometrium of endometriosis patients(10)

* Tyrosine kinase receptor which is targeted by a number of pharmaceutical compounds for treatment of endometriosis successfully in in vitro and animal models(11).

* VEGF receptor 2 (VEGFR2) or Flk-1 expression which is significantly higher in endometriotic lesions and confirmed the angiogenic potential of these lesions(12)..


4. Skin and seed of grape (Resveratrol)
In the study to investigate the effects of resveratrol on human endometriotic implants in a nude mouse model and to examine its impact on human endometrial stromal (HES) cell invasiveness in vitro, scientists found that(5)

* Resveratrol treatment group demonstrated a decreased the number of endometrial implants by 60%  and the total volume of lesions per mouse by 80%.

*  Resveratrol injection at concentration of 10-30 μM also induced a reduction of invasiveness of HES by up to 78%.

These results suggested that resveratrol may be considered as functional supplement for reduced risk of  endometriosis in the nude mouse and invasiveness of HES cells(5).

5. Olive oil (Melatonin)
The study of Melatonin protects against endometriosis via regulation of matrix metalloproteinase-3 and an apoptotic pathway by Dr. Paul S, and scientist at the Indian Institute of Chemical Biology, showed that during the early phase of endometriosis, MMP-3, a protein was found to promote endometriosis(13) is increased and associated with the expression of transcription factor, c-Fos gene which may play a role in the molecular mechanisms of estrogen action on the induction, promotion or progression of endometriosis(14).

These increased levels of  MMP-3 activity that parallel to c-Fos geen expression in endometriosis were inhibited by melatonin, a major bioactive ingredient found in olive oil pre-treatment, researchers after taking into account of other co and con founders.

Melatonin-treated group also demonstrated a significant effect on regression of glandular epithelium  when compared to untreated mice through apoptotic pathway involving increased cells  death in endometrial zones(6).




Natural Medicine for Fatty Liver And Obesity Reversal - The Revolutionary Findings To Achieve Optimal Health And Loose Weight

Ovarian Cysts And PCOS Elimination
Holistic System In Existence That Will Show You How To
Permanently Eliminate All Types of Ovarian Cysts Within 2 Months

Back to Kyle J. Norton Home page http://kylejnorton.blogspot.ca

Kyle J. Norton, Master of Nutrition
Health article writer and researcher; Over 10.000 articles and research papers have been written and published on line, including world wide health, ezine articles, article base, healthblogs, selfgrowth, best before it's news, the karate GB daily, etc.,.
Named TOP 50 MEDICAL ESSAYS FOR ARTISTS & AUTHORS TO READ by Disilgold.com Named 50 of the best health Tweeters Canada - Huffington Post
Nominated for shorty award over last 4 years
Some articles have been used as references in medical research, such as international journal Pharma and Bio science, ISSN 0975-6299.

Sources
(1) http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1607749
(2) http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2832216
(3) http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17474167
(4) http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21821246
(5) http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20844278
(6) http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20609072
(7) https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5209923/
(8) https://www.hindawi.com/journals/ijrmed/2014/179515/
(9) https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4346178/
(10) https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23334337
(11) https://watermark.silverchair.com/dmv060.pdf
(12) https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20085636
(13) https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15879464
(14) https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19199093

* Arnica, The Functional Herb Which Alleviates Symptoms and Treatment of Osteoarthritis With No Side Effects, Scientists Revealed

Arnica may have a substantial and positive effect in reduced risk and treatment of osteoarthritis, some scientists suggested.

Osteoarthritis (OA), a form of arthritis, is a chronic condition characterized by wear and tear on a joint due to aging,  affecting over 25 million people in the United States in alone.

 The University of Porto Medical School suggested that one must understand the differences in prevalence and incidence estimates of osteoarthritis (OA), according to case definition, in knee, hip and hand joints(3).

Most common symptoms of osteoarthritis are aching pain, stiffness, or difficulty of moving the joint or joints.

The pain usually gets worse in change of weather, at night and in the advanced diseases, the pain can occur even at rest. 

Today management of osteoarthritis (OA) focuses on pain relief and improved physical function through pharmacological, non pharmacological, and surgical treatments.

Unhealthy diet that cause nutrient deficiency and overload, damage of cartilage, joint injure that did not heal properly, overuse, auto immune rheumatoid arthritis also have potential effects in increased prevalence of osteoarthritis.

Arnica is a herbaceous species, genus perennial, belongings to the family Asteraceae, antive to Europe and Asia, used in herbal medicine for centuries to treat strains, sprains, and bruises.
Wound healing is process of repairing after damage of skin, tissues, organs, etc.

The ingredients
Helenalin, chamissonolid, Sesquiterpene lactone, lignans of the furofuran, dibenzylbutyrolactone, dibenzylbutyrolactol types, pinoresinol, epipinoresinol, phillygenin, matairesinol, nortrachelogenin, and nortracheloside, six dibenzylbutyrolactol derivative.

In a randomized, double-blind study of 204 patients to investigate the effect of ibuprofen (5%) and Arnica (50 g tincture/100 g, DER 1:20), as gel preparations in patients with radiologically confirmed and symptomatically active osteoarthritis of interphalangeal joints of hands, researchers found that after 21 days of treatment, group treated with Arnica extered a significant effect in relieve and function of the joints of hands similar to group treated with the conventional medicine.

4.8% in the Arnica group reported some tolerate adverse effects in compared to 6.1% in group treated with ibuprofen.

After taking into account of other co and con factors, Dr. the lead researcher said, "Our results confirm that this preparation of Arnica is not inferior to ibuprofen when treating osteoarthritis of hands".

In other to confirm the effect of Arnica as a form of functional food for treatment of osteoarthritis, scientists at the Valens Clinic for Rheumatism conducted a study of topical application of Arnica montana fresh plant gel twice daily, in 26 men and 53 women with mild to moderate osteoarthritis (OA) of the knee.

According to the study, treatment after 3 and 6 weeks demonstrated a strong improvement of the median total scores on the Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Osteoarthritis Index (WOMAC), used by health professionals with proprietary set of standardized questionnaires to evaluate the condition of patients with osteoarthritis, including knee and hip, including pain, stiffness, and physical functioning of the joints.

Furthermore, in regard to the symptoms expression of osteoarthritis, application of the herbal preparation exerted a significant reduction of pain, stiffness, observed by the pain and stiffness score.

Score of mean of function subscales also showed significant reductions at these timepoints.

The physical function subscale found in the Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Osteoarthritis Index (WOMAC) is considered as more consistent with a stronger test-retest reliability in compared to the pain score with some inconsistencies across the studies.

However, local tolerate adverse effects were reported in 7.6 % of patients attended the study with one patient with allergic reaction.

Interestingly, at the end of the study, 87% rated the tolerability of the gel as "good" or "fairly good," and 76% would use it again.

These results indicated that topical application of Arnica montana gel for 6 weeks alleviated symptoms of osteoarthritis in all aspects and may be considered as a well-tolerated, and effective treatment of mild to moderate OA of the knee.

Taken together, as a topical herbal medicine, Arinca may be considered as a function food for attenuated symptoms and treatment of osteoarthritis.

Natural Medicine for Fatty Liver And Obesity Reversal - The Revolutionary Findings To Achieve Optimal Health And Loose Weight

Ovarian Cysts And PCOS Elimination
Holistic System In Existence That Will Show You How To
Permanently Eliminate All Types of Ovarian Cysts Within 2 Months

Back to Kyle J. Norton Home page http://kylejnorton.blogspot.ca

Author Biography
Kyle J. Norton (Scholar, Master of Nutrition, All right reserved)
Health article writer and researcher; Over 10.000 articles and research papers have been written and published on line, including world wide health, ezine articles, article base, healthblogs, selfgrowth, best before it's news, the karate GB daily, etc.,.
Named TOP 50 MEDICAL ESSAYS FOR ARTISTS & AUTHORS TO READ by Disilgold.com Named 50 of the best health Tweeters Canada - Huffington Post
Nominated for shorty award over last 4 years
Some articles have been used as references in medical research, such as international journal Pharma and Bio science, ISSN 0975-6299.


Sources
(1) Choosing between NSAID and arnica for topical treatment of hand osteoarthritis in a randomised, double-blind study by Widrig R1, Suter A, Saller R, Melzer J.(PubMed)
(2) Arnica montana gel in osteoarthritis of the knee: an open, multicenter clinical trial by Knuesel O1, Weber M, Suter A.(PubMed)
(3) The effect of osteoarthritis definition on prevalence and incidence estimates: a systematic review by Pereira D1, Peleteiro B, Araújo J, Branco J, Santos RA, Ramos E.(PubMed)

*Green Tea and Its Bioactive Polyphenols That Inhibit Risk and Treatment of Candidiasis

Kyle J. Norton, Master of Nutrition

Green tea may have a therapeutic and positive effect in reduced risk and progression and treatment of Candidiasis, some scientists suggested.

Candida albicans are members of a large group of micro organism whose cells contain complex structures enclosed within the membranes, including yeast, fungi, and mold, living among the gut flora in the human mouth and gastrointestinal tract.

Over growth of candida is also known as candidiasis, affecting skin, including the skin of the vagina, the penis, and the mouth.

In severe cases, the yeast over growth also cause infection of blood and internal organs such as the liver, lung and spleen.

Some researchers suggested that candidiasis can weaken the immune function, therefore, the infection has a strongly negative implication in people with damage immune diseases, such as AIDS. Particularly, people are treated with chemotherapy for cancer.

Unhealthy diet and life style are associated to increased risk of candida over growth. The article, "Lifestyle Habits That Lead to Yeast Infections" By Gina Roberts-Grey and Reviewed by Rosalyn Carson-DeWitt, MD, wrote, ".....modifying some everyday habits can alleviate yeast infection symptoms and reduce the odds you will have a vaginal infection" and “Many women don’t realize they have the ability to reduce their chances of developing a yeast infection”(4).

Symptoms of candadissis is totally depending to the infected locations. Vaginal yeast infection can cause discharge of a thick, white, clumpy (cottage-cheese-like) substance with odor, leading to itches, urinary burning sensation and painful sexual intercourse.

In nail, the yeast infection can cause painful, red, swollen around the nail.

In mouth, the infection may induce cracked, red at the corners of the mouth.

Green tea, is a precious drink processed numbers of health benefit known to almost everyone in Asia and Western world.

In the investigation of The effectiveness of the synergistic herbal based composition of purified catechins with fluconazole, amphotericin B and copper sulphate against Candida albicans (MTCC 3017) and Candida glabrata (MTCC 3019), researchers found that

* According to the time kill assay, catechins demonstrated twice efficacy in the same at minimum inhibitory concentration in compared to antimycotics.

*Additional copper sulphate injection, increased anticandidal efficacy of synergistic combinations by 0.4% to 6.63%.

* The combination significantly induced cytotoxicity with a high percentage viability (≥91.4% to≥100%) of Vero cell line without inducing harm to nearby healthy cells.

Base on these results, Dr. Ning Y, the lead scientist said, "(the) present evaluated synergistic composition can confer promising anticandidal efficacy" and (Howerver, These result) requires further investigation of safety and translational guidelines for effective and safer green tea based potent therapeutic drug".

Further evaluation of green tea bioactive polyphenol epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG) in inhibited the growth of Candida albicans planktonic cells and enhanced the antifungal activity of antimycotics of Candida albicans, Candida parapsilosis, Candida tropicalis, Candida glabrata, Candida kefyr and Candida krusei, the Nihon University School of Dentistry at Matsudo filed the reports as follows

* Green tea EGCG  exerted a synergistic activity with miconazole, fluconazole or amphotericin B against most test planktonic and biofilm cells of Candida species (FIC≤0.5).

* All biofilm cells were significantly more resistant to EGCG and antimycotics (20-3200 times higher) in compared with their planktonic counterparts.

These results suggested, "EGCG enhances the antifungal effects of miconazole, fluconazole and amphotericin B. Combined treatment with EGCG may lower the dosages of antimycotics, thus preventing adverse effects and the emergence of drug-resistant oral Candida species".

Interestingly, the assessment of antifungal activity of catechin pH dependently, displayed that

* The concentration of epigallocatechin gallate (EGCg) causing 90% growth inhibition of tested strains of C. albicans was 2000 mg/L at pH 6.0, 500-1000 mg/L at pH 6.5 and 15.6-250 mg/L at pH 7.0.

* Among catechins, pyrogallol catechin showed stronger antifungal activity against C. albicans than catechol catechin.

* The addition of 6.25-25 or 3.12-12.5 mg/L EGCG to amphotericin B 0.125 or 0.25 mg/L (below MIC) at pH 7.0 resulted in enhancement, respectively, of the antifungal effect of amphotericin B against amphotericin B-susceptible or -resistant C. albicans. 

* Combined treatment with 3.12-12.5 mg/L EGCg plus amphotericin B 0.5 mg/L (below MIC) markedly decreased the growth of amphotericin B-resistant C. albicans.

* Fluconazole-susceptible C. albicans was treated with 25-50 mg/L EGCg and fluconazole 0.125-0.25 mg/L (below MIC), its growth was inhibited by 93.0%-99.4% compared with its growth in the presence of fluconazole alone.

* The combined use of 12.5 mg/L EGCg and fluconazole 10-50 mg/L (below MIC) inhibited the growth of fluconazole-resistant C. albicans by 98.5%-99.7%.

The findings suggested that green tea extract and its bioactive polyphonels may be used alone to reduced risk and treatment or secondary therapy in enhanced standard medicine for treatment of Candidiasis..

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Back to Kyle J. Norton Home page http://kylejnorton.blogspot.caAuthor Biography

Kyle J. Norton (Scholar, Master of Nutrients, All right reserved)
Health article writer and researcher; Over 10.000 articles and research papers have been written and published on line, including world wide health, ezine articles, article base, healthblogs, selfgrowth, best before it's news, the karate GB daily, etc.,.
Named TOP 50 MEDICAL ESSAYS FOR ARTISTS & AUTHORS TO READ by Disilgold.com Named 50 of the best health Tweeters Canada - Huffington Post
Nominated for shorty award over last 4 years
Some articles have been used as references in medical research, such as international journal Pharma and Bio science, ISSN 0975-6299.

Sources
(1) Anticandidal synergistic activity of green tea catechins, antimycotics and copper sulphate as a mean of combinational drug therapy against candidiasis by Anand J1, Rai N2(PubMed)
(2) Synergistic effects of tea catechin epigallocatechin gallate and antimycotics against oral Candida species by Ning Y1, Ling J2, Wu CD3.(PubMed)
(3) Multiple effects of green tea catechin on the antifungal activity of antimycotics against Candida albicans by Hirasawa M1, Takada K.(PubMed)
(4) Lifestyle Habits That Lead to Yeast Infections By Gina Roberts-Grey, Reviewed by Rosalyn Carson-DeWitt, MD

Green Tea and Its Bioactive Theanine That Promote Tobacco Cessation Natually

Kyle J. Norton

Green tea mixed in tobacco can significantly improve chronic cigarette smokers to quit smoke naturally, some scientists suggested.

Smoking has a history in many cultures dated back as early as 5000 BC. Europeans who arrived to America in the 16th century have quickly transformed the land to cultivated these plants for commercial profits and encourage consumption.

Our ancestors used tobacco smoke as a healing practice and enhanced pleasure. However, according to the study of the University of Manchester(4), our ancestor also use tobacco for healing purposes.

* Tobacco medical use that is administered externally includes bites of poisonous reptiles and insects; hysteria; pain, neuralgia; laryngeal spasm; gout; growth of hair; tetanus; ringworm; rodent ulcer; ulcers; wounds; a respiratory stimulant.

* Tobacco medical use that is administered by rectum includes constipation; hemorrhoidal bleeding

* Tobacco medical use that is administered internally, includes strangulated hernia (smoke by mouth); malaria or intermittent fever; dislodging obstructive material from esophagus by inducing vomiting. And

* Tobacco medical use by inhalation, includes nasal polyps.

Sadly, the medical use of tobacco now is considered nonexistence. At of today statistic, tobacco smoking including cigarettes is causing over 3 million deaths a year worldwide, and if current smoking trends continue the annual mortality will exceed 10 million by around 2030, Dr. Anne Charlton, the author of the study suggested(4).

Continuously, the doctor said, " Tobacco leaves and the smoke generated when they are burned contain over 4 thousand chemicals, the best known of which is nicotine, first isolated from tobacco leaves in 1828 by Posselt and Reimann. It is the nicotine that causes smokers to become addicted to tobacco, and the chemical itself is lethal in small doses".

According to a statistic from CDC, more than 4 out of 10 (45.5%) of all high school students who smoke tried to stop smoking in the past 12 months. Since 2002, the number of former smokers has been greater than the number of current smokers in the US(5).

Truly, a high percentage of smokers try to quit, however, smokers who successfully quit smoke are quite low because nicotine is highly addictive.

Green tea contains more amount of antioxidants than any drinks or foods with the same volume, and is the leaves of Camellia sinensis, undergone minimal oxidation during processing, originated from China. 

In the study to test the effects of tea filter in promoted tobacco cessation in volunteers smokers, researchers found that smoking tobacco with tea filter successfully decreased cigarette consumption of participants by 56.5%, and 31.7% of them stopped smoking(1).

Further analysis of tea filter effects suggested the results may be attributed to the tea filter's bioactive chemical theanine in exerting anti-tobacco and nicotine addiction activities.

Dr. Yan J, the lead author said, "This work identified a new method and material, tea filter and theanine, which inhibit tobacco and nicotine addiction and provide an effective strategy for treating tobacco addiction"(1).

Additionally, in the review of clinical studies evaluating herbals use for smoking cessation from databases from its inception to October 2012. Studies are restricted to only English or Thai, researchers indicated that out a total of 7 studies met inclusion criteria; 6 studies were a randomized trial (RCT) evaluating a variety of herbals.

According to the smoking cessation measured with various methods including the number of cigarettes per day, abstinence rate, expired CO level, and urine cotinine level at the 3 and 6 months follow up, application of mix herbal tea showed a statistically significant effect in reduced numbers of cigarettes smoked per day, nicotine craving, and total withdrawal scale but not urinary cotinine excretion(2).

However, Dr. Kitikannakorn N, the lead scientists, after taking into account of other co and confounders said, "Evidence supporting the role of complementary medicines as an anti-smoking is limited. Further research in this field would benefit from the standardization of herbals products to implement on standard interventions and outcome measurement for smoking cessation".

Interestingly, according to the study by the Science China Life Sciences to test the effect of green tea lace in a cigarette in increased smoke cessation probability, researchers found that custom-designed cigarettes laced with green tea components exerted a significant effect in reduced smoking cravings. 

After 2 months of smoking this unique cigarette, researchers found that smoker reduced their smoking intake by 52% compared to control.

These results be of successful may be attributed to green tea bioactive amino acid L-Theanine, uniquely found in green tea that processes clinical proven anti-stress effects and acts as a relaxing agent(3). 

Prince Philip, a lecturer in the Community Oncology Division of the Malabar Cancer Centre, said, "The study conducted in China shows that green tea may be an alternative to quit this addictive habit".

Taking all together, green tea used cigarette lace may be considered as a secondary and therapeutic treatment in increased the change of quit smoking. However, how many people have the money to order these types of customer designed cigarette?. Probably, we may stick to cold turkey quitting?, nicotine patch?

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Permanently Eliminate All Types of Ovarian Cysts Within 2 Months

Back to Kyle J. Norton Homepage http://kylejnorton.blogspot.ca


Author Biography
Kyle J. Norton (Scholar, Master of Nutrition, All right reserved)
Health article writer and researcher; Over 10.000 articles and research papers have been written and published online, including worldwide health, ezine articles, article base, health blogs, self-growth, best before it's news, the karate GB daily, etc.,.
Named TOP 50 MEDICAL ESSAYS FOR ARTISTS & AUTHORS TO READ by Disilgold.com Named 50 of the best health Tweeters Canada - Huffington Post
Nominated for shorty award over last 4 years
Some articles have been used as references in medical research, such as international journal Pharma and Bioscience, ISSN 0975-6299.

Sources
(1) The cessation and detoxification effect of tea filters on cigarette smoke by Yan J1, Di X, Liu C, Zhang H, Huang X, Zhang J, Zhao Y, Zhang L, Chang Y, Liang Y, Tao R, Zhao B(PubMed)
(2) An overview of the evidences of herbals for smoking cessation by Kitikannakorn N1, Chaiyakunapruk N, Nimpitakpong P, Dilokthornsakul P, Meepoo E, Kerdpeng W.(PubMed)
(3) A revolutionary approach for the cessation of smoking by Liu J(PubMed)
(4) Medicinal uses of tobacco in history by Anne Charlton, BA PhD(PMC)
(5) Quitting Smoking by CDC