Losing Weight By Restricting Fat and Glucose Absorption of GI, Scientists Say

Kyle J. Norton


Green tea may have a therapeutic and positive effect in induction of weight loss through reduced GI absorption of glucose and lipid, some scientists suggested.

The absorption of too much sugar too quickly may depress the pancreas in produced extra insulin to neutralize glucose transport in the body.

Prolonged period of too much sugar in the blood stream not only increases risk of diabetes but also puts pressure of liver in converted triglycerides to fat to tissue

Blocking  fat absorption also plays an important role in weight loss and weight management. According to Dr. Ying Sun and Dr. Jiande Chen, reducing fat absorption may be a therapeutic potential for obesity"(4).

The GI tract plays an essential role in our body well being and lifelong health.

Some researchers suggested that a poor functioning of GI may induce occurrence of many chronic health problems.

There are many causes of digestive dysfunction. It can be the digestive system itself due to  bacterial infection, viral infection, inflammation, lactase deficiency, difficulty digesting certain foods, poor circulation to the intestines or symptoms of wider systemic disease, such perforated organs, muscle dysfunction, gallstones, stress and anxiety.

Dysfunction GI if untreated may interfere with daily activities and induce poor quality of life.

Green tea, a precious drink processes numbers of health benefit known to almost everyone in Asia and Western world.

According to the Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, native catechins found in green tea were not absorbed by digestive system after intake.

The  polyphenol  catechins were accumulated in the intestinal lumen inside space of a tubular structure where they exhibited a significant activity in ameliorated cellular glucose and cholesterol uptake that reduced risk in over expression of fasting glucose and lipid accumulation entering the blood stream in induction of syndromes of abnormal high blood sugar and cholesterol.

The pervaded catechins found approximately, 2-15% in the intestinal levels significantly binded to 37% to plasma HDLs through inhibiting the key enzymes involved in lipid biosynthesis and reduced intestinal lipid absorption, thus improving blood lipid profile.action of cholesterol metabolism.

Further analysis of the unstable condition of polyphenols in intestinal environment, also found that transition from the gastric phase to the intestinal phase of green tea extract shows a 50% decrease in the antioxidant activity due to the degradation of polyphenols but the deceased extract still exerts a strong effect in gastrointestinal environment.

However, intake of whole food milk and cheese in the definition of dairy matrices displayed a significant improvement of polyphenol stability in the intestinal phase and increase of the antioxidant activity by 29% (cheese) to 42% (milk) in compared to non green tea injection control.


Additionally, administration of green tea also demonstrated a strong activity in decreased expression of stomach secretes pepsinogen, in breaking down milk and cheese protein and fat intake in degraded into their component polypeptide or amino acid and glycerol and fatty acids, respectively in the gastric phase but had no effect in the intestinal phase, thus reducing glucose and fat being absorbed and presented in the blood stream.

The finding evidences showed that green tea polyphenols intake after certain times of intake of dairy products improved antioxidant activity and enhanced the integrity of polyphenols in the intestinal phase of digestion, but have serious effect in the stomach if it is taken together with milk.


Interestingly, in the evaluated rats fed with selenium-containing green tea (Se-GTE, 1.44 mg selenium/kg dry leaves) and China green tea(CH-GTE, 0.13 mg selenium/kg leaves) and China green tea(CH-GTE) effect in the intestinal micro bacterial activity, researchers indicated that oral administration of rat group fed with Se-GTE extract for 6 days
* Exerts a significant increase in caecal counts of lactobacilli and bifidobacteria while significantly reducing the caecal counts of bacteroides and clostridial bacteria in compared to

* CH-GTE rat group.exerts insignificant increase in the numbers of caecal lactobacilli and bifidobacteria but decreased significantly the numbers of bacteroides (p < 0.05) and clostridia.


Moreover, rats fed with CH-GTE and Se-GTE showed a 17.2% and 21.3% reduction in the activity of the bacterial enzyme β-glucuronidase, which has been found in contribution of biliary sludge, stone formation and increased risk for colorectal cancer, respectively.

More promisingly, treatment of both CH-GTE and Se-GTE also resulted in 19% and 25.5% increments in the activity of β-glucosidase, an enzyme presented in cellulase with function in completed the final step in converting cellobiose (a reducing sugar) to glucose.

Taken together, green tea with abundantly major bioactive polyphenols may be considered a function food in weight loss and weight management by reduced absorption of glucose and lipid in induction of abnormal high fasting blood sugar and cholesterol levels through binding to fat and protein in the gastric phase of digestion.

However, further data collection on clinical studies performed with human consumption on large sample size and multi canters during the course of digestion will be necessary to complete the picture of green tea effects in gastrointestinal phases in absorption of glucose and lipid possibilities.

Natural Medicine for Fatty Liver And Obesity Reversal - The Revolutionary Findings To Achieve Optimal Health And Loose Weight

Ovarian Cysts And PCOS Elimination
Holistic System In Existence That Will Show You How To
Permanently Eliminate All Types of Ovarian Cysts Within 2 Months

Back to Kyle J. Norton Home page http://kylejnorton.blogspot.ca


Author Biography
Kyle J. Norton (Scholar, Master of Nutrients, All right reserved)
Health article writer and researcher; Over 10.000 articles and research papers have been written and published on line, including world wide health, ezine articles, article base, healthblogs, selfgrowth, best before it's news, the karate GB daily, etc.,.
Named TOP 50 MEDICAL ESSAYS FOR ARTISTS & AUTHORS TO READ by Disilgold.com Named 50 of the best health Tweeters Canada - Huffington Post
Nominated for shorty award over last 4 years
Some articles have been used as references in medical research, such as international journal Pharma and Bio science, ISSN 0975-6299.


Sources
(1) Interaction of green tea polyphenols with dairy matrices in a simulated gastrointestinal environment by Lamothe S1, Azimy N, Bazinet L, Couillard C, Britten M.(PubMed)
(2) Simulated gastrointestinal digestion, intestinal permeation and plasma protein interaction of white, green, and black tea polyphenols by Tenore GC1, Campiglia P2, Giannetti D3, Novellino E3.(PubMed)
(3) The ability of green tea to positively modulate key markers of gastrointestinalfunction in rats by Molan AL1, Liu Z, Tiwari R.(PubMed)
(4) Intestinal Electric Stimulation Decreases Fat Absorption in Rats: Therapeutic Potential for Obesity by Ying Sun and Jiande Chen(PMC)

Chickpeas and It's Isoflavones Genistein Stimulated Antioxidants Production and Activated ROS Cytotoxicity Against Prostate Cancer Cells

Kyle J. Norton


Chickpeas with abundant isoflavones genistein may have a therapeutic and profound effect in reduced risk and treatment of prostate cancer, some scientists suggested.

Prostate cancer is a medical condition characterized by cells growth uncontrollably in the prostate tissues. At the later stage, the cancerous cells may infect the tissues and organs distance away from the site of origin.

According to statistic from National Cancer Institutes(9), the motility ratio of prostate cancer is 19.5 per 100,000 men per year. Base the 2013-15 data, approximately 11.2 percent of men will be diagnosed with prostate cancer at some point during their lifetime.

People in the early stage of prostate cancer may not experience any signs and symptoms. Depending to the size and location, a tumor may effect the urethra and bladder.

Most common symptoms are urethra and bladder related, including burning or pain during urination, difficulty urinating, or trouble starting and stopping while urination, frequent urges to urinate at night,..... blood in urine in case of severity(10).

The causes of prostate caner are still unknown, but according to prostate cancer Canada(10), most common risk factors are

* Age, risk of prostate cancer is substantial higher in men over 50 years of age, in compared to younger male group.

* Epidemiological studies strongly suggested that diet pattern with high in calcium, physical inactivity and obesity are linked to increase of preventable risks in developing prostate cancer.
* Family history and ethnicity also are significant factors in risks of the disease.

Some researchers suggested that due to chickpeas rich sources of nutrients, the legume also may have a substantial implication in improved bone density(1) due to its contents of iron, phosphate, calcium, magnesium, manganese, zinc, and vitamin K; lower blood glucose of type 1 and 2 diabetes(7) due to its activity in decreased hyperglycemia, hyperlipidemia and enhanced insulin sensitive; enhanced heart health(8) through lowering blood pressure and blood cholesterol,........

Chickpea also known as Garbanzo bean  is an edible legume  with high in protein and minerals, The bean is  a genus Cicer, belongings to the family Fabaceae,

It is one of the earliest cultivated vegetables, native to Middle East.

The legume is high in fiber and protein, and contains several key vitamins and minerals, including

1. Carbohydrates
2. Dietary fiber
3. Fat
4. Protein
5. Vitamin A
6. Thiamine (Vitamin B1)
7. Riboflavin (Vitamin B2)
8. Niacin (Vitamin B3)
9. Pantothenic acid (B5)
10. Vitamin B6
11. Folate (Vitamin B9)
12. Vitamin C
13. Vitamin E
14. Vitamin K
15. Iron
16. Magnesium
17. Phosphorus
18. Potassium
19. Zinc

Reactive oxygen species ROS was studied intensively for the duo effects in initiated cancer development and induced cancer cell apoptosis through cytotoxicty.

On one hand, over expression of ROS with low antioxidant levels may cause cellular damage and induce alternation of DNA transcript being transmitted by mRNA through a complex passage to initiate irregular cell growth, the early stage of cancer development.

On the other hand, over expression of ROS can cause cytotoxicity to the target cancer site in induction of cells death and apoptosis.

Isoflavone genistein isolated from chickpeas was found to exert significantly antioxidant effects on human cells, in ameliorated oxidative damage to cellular DNA in initiation of cancer development.

Injection of isoflavone genistein to normal cell acted as free radical scavengers not only improved the antioxidants status in inhibited the ROS activity in inauguration and progression of multistage carcinogenesis but also reduced the expression of oxidative stress-response related genes.

Interestingly, such injection also enhanced the over expression ROS function in causing toxicity to cancer cells without harming the nearby healthy cells, thus increasing cancer cells degradation, subsequently in cells death.

In fact, isoflavone genistein, best known as natural tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKIs) are a class of chemo-medicine with function in inhibited, or blocked, the enzyme tyrosine kinase in induction of apoptosis in several different types of cancers, including prostate cancer.

Further analysis of the effect of isoflavone genistein adminitration also indicated that the phytochemicals induced cancer cell apoptosis by increased expression of Bax protein in suppressed the production of pro apoptotic activity in the cancerous site.

Additionally, isoflavone genistein also demonstrated a significant effect in stimulated the p21, a potent cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor (CKI) expression in promoted cancer cell cycle arrest.

Application of the phytochemical also decreased anti apoptotic activities of Bcl-2 and BclXL by blocking the release of mitochondrial contents in enhanced cell division.

In the regulation of cellular apoptosis, isoflavone genistein also activated the PARP protein and caspases enzyme with functions to programmed cell death.

More importantly, further evaluation of cancer cell apoptosis caused by injection of isoflavone genistein, researchers at the Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University discovered that in the process in induced cancer cell apoptosis, isoflavone genistein also inhibited NF-κB protein in regulated and controlled transcription of DNA, and cell survival in numbers of cancer, examined by the electrophoresis mobility shift assay (EMSA)

In fact, the expression of NF-κB protein in reduced cancer cell proliferation and site expansion was attributed to the activation of hydrogen peroxide H2O2, with function of cytotoxicity to the tumor and tumor necrosis factor (TNF-α), a cell signaling protein with function to initiate cellular apoptosis.

Finally, the effectiveness of  isoflavones genistein in reduced risk and treatment of prostate cancer is also depending to some factors involving "having or not having equol" converting bacteria in the intestine, specific polymorphic variation in the region of the associated gene.

However, further data collection on large sample size and multi centers clinical studies performed with human consumption during the course of the disease will be necessary to complete the picture of chickpeas isoflavones genistein in  protection against prostate cancer's possibilities.

Intake of isoflavones genistein  should be taken with extreme care as acute liver toxicity was reported in numbers of case in medical literature.


Natural Medicine for Fatty Liver And Obesity Reversal - The Revolutionary Findings To Achieve Optimal Health And Loose Weight

Ovarian Cysts And PCOS Elimination
Holistic System In Existence That Will Show You How To
Permanently Eliminate All Types of Ovarian Cysts Within 2 Months

Back to Kyle J. Norton Home page http://kylejnorton.blogspot.ca




Arthritis Is Curable
You Can Eliminate Osteoarthritis
By addressing the Underlying Causes through Clinical Trials and Studies

Ovarian Cysts And PCOS Elimination
Holistic System In Existence That Will Show You How To
Permanently Eliminate All Types of Ovarian Cysts Within 2 Months

Super foods Library, Eat Yourself Healthy With The Best of the Best Nature Has to Offer recommended by Kyle J. Norton

Back to Kyle J. Norton Home page http://kylejnorton.blogspot.ca

Author Biography
Kyle J. Norton, Master of Nutrients
Health article writer and researcher; Over 10.000 articles and research papers have been written and published on line, including world wide health, ezine articles, article base, healthblogs, selfgrowth, best before it's news, the karate GB daily, etc.,.
Named TOP 50 MEDICAL ESSAYS FOR ARTISTS & AUTHORS TO READ by Disilgold.com Named 50 of the best health Tweeters Canada - Huffington Post
Nominated for shorty award over last 4 years
Some articles have been used as references in medical research, such as international journal Pharma and Bio science, ISSN 0975-6299.

Sources
(1) Induction of Cancer Cell Death by Isoflavone: The Role of Multiple Signaling Pathways by Yiwei Li, Dejuan Kong, Bin Bao, Aamir Ahmad, and Fazlul H. Sarkar(PMC)
(1) Chickpea (Cicer arietinum) and other plant-derived protease inhibitor concentrates inhibit breast and prostate cancer cell proliferation in vitro by Magee PJ1, Owusu-Apenten R, McCann MJ, Gill CI, Rowland IR.(PubMed)
(2) Protease inhibitors: possible anticarcinogens in edible seeds by Troll W, Wiesner R.(PubMed)
(4) Isoflavones and Prostate Cancer: A Review of Some Critical Issues by Hong-Yi Zhang,1,2 Jie Cui,3 Ye Zhang,2 Zhen-Long Wang,1 Tie Chong,1 and Zi-Ming Wang1(PMC)
(5) Induction of Cancer Cell Death by Isoflavone: The Role of Multiple Signaling Pathways by Yiwei Li, Dejuan Kong, Bin Bao, Aamir Ahmad, and Fazlul H. Sarkar(PMC)
(6) Possible antiosteoporotic mechanism of Cicer arietinum extract in ovariectomized rats by Fahmy SR1, Soliman AM1, Sayed AA1, Marzouk M(PubMed)
(7) Effect of sprouting on antioxidant and inhibitory potential of two varieties of Bengal gram (Cicer arietinum L.) against key enzymes linked to type-2 diabetes by Prathapan A1, Fahad K, Thomas BK, Philip RM, Raghu KG(PubMed)
(8) Nutritional quality of legumes, and their role in cardiometabolic risk prevention: a review by Bouchenak M1, Lamri-Senhadji M.(PubMed)
(9) Cancer Stat Facts: Prostate Cancer(NIH)
(10) Am I at risk of prostate cancer?(Prostate cancer Canada)

Would Yoga Practice Be The Best for Letting Go of Anxiety Naturally? Revealed by National Institutes of Health Studies

Kyle J. Norton

People who participated in yoga class are likely to experience less or lower levels of anxiety and in some cases, may have a best chance in letting go of anxiety through reduction of stress implications, some studies suggested.

Yoga, the ancient technique for harmonized external and internal body well being, through breath control, meditation, bodily movement and gesture..... has been best known for people in Western world and some parts in Asia due to health benefits reported by various respectable institutes' research and supported by health advocates.

Anxiety is a mental disorder characterized by worry about future events and fear to current events.

People experience anxiety differently. Some people feel a sudden moment of anxiety just a bad feeling, it comes and goes, only lasting a short time. Depending to how people cope with the moments of anxiety, the events can be brief or last a few days.

However, in some persons, if anxiety does not go away, they may require treatment from the related field specialists.

If you are frequently experience symptoms of nervousness, restlessness, or being tense feelings of danger, panic, or dread rapid heart rate rapid breathing, or hyperventilation,..... you may have developed anxiety disorder.

In the evaluate yoga effect in reduced levels of anxiety, Dr. Bernardi ML and colleagues launched an investigation of  45 mastectomized women treated at the Ilza Bianco outpatient service of Santa Rita de Cássia Hospital in the Brazilian state of Espírito Santo from March to November 2010.

Selected women were assigned to 6 yoga-applied sessions.

At the end of the experiment  periods, researcher found that yoga treatment group shows a statistically significant in decreased anxiety levels measured by Anxiety Trait and State Test.

Anxiety Trait and State Test is a psychological inventory 40 self-report items used for testing of anxiety effect with an aim to measure anxiety at both poles of the normal affect curve known as state vs. trait.

Further analysis also suggested that the reduced level of anxiety in participants was attributed to decreasing physiological and psychological arousal such as the heart rate, blood pressure, relaxation and calmness and easing respiration.

Moreover, women in yoga group at the end of the lessons, also found less stressful in compared to the beginning of the class.

In other words, yoga participants have successful learnt how to manage stress, thus reducing risk of anxiety in response to mental or emotional strain.

Truly, regular yoga exercise including breathing technique, meditation not only provides participants the positive mind in maintained state of calmness and relaxation in deal with such events without getting restless and confusion but also enhances recovery from anxiety.

Some yoga instructors suggested that technique of yoga practice including mindfulness also reduces production of stress hormone cortisol and brought back the present moment, while letting them go or dealing them in a profound way.

In deed, yoga postures and deep breathing have shown to ameliorate over expression of nerve neurons in transmitted information of sensation, stress, and suffering, thus reducing risk of anxiety.

Dr. Bernardi ML, the lead author of the study said, "hatha yoga exercises decrease stress and anxiety in the experimental group. No connection between confounding variables and anxiety and stress levels was found".

Hatha yoga is one form of yoga practice containing physical exercises and breathing control.

More importantly, according to the data collection period and meditation program between January 9 and August 31, 2009 in 46 women who were pregnant following IVF, and were between 12-20 weeks gestation, participated in the study (23 experimental group, 23 control group), women pregnant after IVF participated in yoga class showed statistically significant improvements in stress, anxiety, labor pain, and labor confidence.

In fact, yoga in improvements of stress, anxiety, labor pain, and labor confidence, decreasing physiological and psychological arousal also enhanced women's sense of control and confidence in giving birth as well as stay away from negative thinking of the pregnancy outcome.


IVF, is a medical procedure characterized by egg fertilized outside the mother womb.

Interestingly, in a total of 46 participants completed both a resistance exercise class and yoga class in a counterbalanced order, researchers suggested that in comapred to measurement of body satisfaction and social physique anxiety completed immediately before and after each class, yoga participated group displays a greater improvements of body image and reduces state of social physique anxiety.

In other words, by focusing on breathing, the connection of the mind and body, yoga participants  were found to associate with decreased state social physique anxiety by increased in body satisfaction.

According to the differentiation of the Journal ofi Clinical Research & Bioethics of a group of patients suffered from chronic diseases participated in yoga class,  yoga attendees benefited from stimulation of immune functions in reduced physical symptoms by improving expression of human β-defensin 2 (HBD-2), a potent antimicrobial peptide forms part of the innate immune response, .natural killer (NK) cells, and anti inflammatory mytokines, decreasing stress and/or anxiety symptoms and improving quality of life.

Taking together, yoga may be a best treatment for people with anxiety through improvement of social, mental and body confidence in reduced state of over worriness, particularly in people with frequent stress. People continued yoga practice daily may have a best chance in letting go of anxiety forever.

Natural Medicine for Fatty Liver And Obesity Reversal - The Revolutionary Findings To Achieve Optimal Health And Loose Weight

Ovarian Cysts And PCOS Elimination
Holistic System In Existence That Will Show You How To
Permanently Eliminate All Types of Ovarian Cysts Within 2 Months

Back to Kyle J. Norton Home page http://kylejnorton.blogspot.ca

Author Biography
Kyle J. Norton (Scholar, Master of Nutrients, All right reserved)
Health article writer and researcher; Over 10.000 articles and research papers have been written and published on line, including world wide health, ezine articles, article base, healthblogs, selfgrowth, best before it's news, the karate GB daily, etc.,.
Named TOP 50 MEDICAL ESSAYS FOR ARTISTS & AUTHORS TO READ by Disilgold.com Named 50 of the best health Tweeters Canada - Huffington Post
Nominated for shorty award over last 4 years
Some articles have been used as references in medical research, such as international journal Pharma and Bio science, ISSN 0975-6299.



Sources
(1) [The effects of hatha yoga exercises on stress and anxiety levels in mastectomized women].[Article in Portuguese]by Bernardi ML, Amorim MH, Zandonade E, Santaella DF, Barbosa Jde A.(PubMed)
(2) [Effects of a yoga-focused prenatal program on stress, anxiety, self confidence and labor pain in pregnant women with in vitro fertilization treatment].[Article in Korean] by Shim CS1, Lee YS(PubMed)

Black(Theaflavins) and Green(Epigallocatechin-3-gallate) Tea Successfully Block the Entry Phase of Infection Caused By Human Immunodeficiency Virus -1 (HIV-1) According to the Cellular Studies Provided by National Institutes of Health

Kyle J. Norton 

Is a cure of acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) on the horizon?

Scientists successfully obstructed the progress of entry phase of healthy cell infected by human immunodeficiency virus -1 (HIV-1) attemptedly in the cellular models, using major bioactive ingredients extracted from black and green tea, namely theaflavins and epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG), respectively.

Human immunodeficiency virus -1 (HIV-1) is one of 2 types of HIV precipitated of acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS), transmitted through direct contact with HIV-infected body fluids, including blood, semen, and genital secretions,....

People in the early stage infected by the virus may experience some acute symptoms caused by immune response, including fever sore throat, rash, muscle and joint aches and pains, headache,....

If untreated, the virus will slowly multiplyand destroy the cells of  immune system, leading to chronic signs and symptoms of fever, fatigue, swollen lymph nodes,.... 

In the late stage, HIV-1 may severe damage the immune system, making the infected host vulnerable to a variety of life-threatening diseases and cancers. If an infected individual has the numbers of T-cell count below 200, the person is considered to have AID.

According to the statistic, AIDS is the fifth leading cause of death in US.

People between ages 25 and 44 in United States are at substantially higher risk in compared to other age group.

Approximately 36.7 million people worldwide living with HIV/AIDS in 2016, including, 2.1 million of children less than 15 years of age.

Green and black tea, the precious drink process numbers of health benefit known to almost everyone in Asia and Western world.

In the investigation of Theaflavins, the major components of tea polyphenols extracted from brewed black tea inhibited HIV-1 entry by targeting gp41 which is a transmembrane protein with function in embedded with outer coat of HIV to enter and infected host cells, researchers found that injection of Theaflavins exerts an inhibitory activity correlated to their ability in blocking the formation of the gp41 six-helix bundle, a fusion-active core conformation.

However, due to the unstable and purified of the individual theaflavins, a natural preparation containing 90% of theaflavins (TFmix) was used in most study to experiment of its effect against HIV-1 microbide for preventing HIV sexual transmission.

In vitro using p24 production and luciferase assays, TFmix exhibited potent anti-HIV-1 activity on lab-adapted and primary HIV-1 strains with IC(50), the concentration of an application that gives half-maximal response in dose of less than 1.20 μM.

Further analysis indicated that the efficacy of Theaflavins in  targeting the gp41  is attributed to its function in inhibited virus-host membrane fusion during infection, mediated by the formation of six helix bundle (6HB) in crossover of the virus and the host cell.

In other words, theaflavins administration was found to initiate potent anti-HIV-1 activity by targeting the viral entry step through the disruption of gp41 6-HB core structure,

Moreover, application of theaflavins (TFmix) also inhibited reverse transcriptase (RT) activity in an RNA-dependent DNA, which is the process in replication of RNA from a DNA template through polymerase (DNAP) enzyme in forming new copies of DNA, in the form of nucleic acid molecules, with the IC(50) about 8-fold higher of theaflavins (TFmix) concentration than those in inhibiting gp41 6-HB formation.

In peptide fragments, derived from prostatic acidic phosphatase secreted in large amounts into human semen to form amyloid fibrils plaques to induce viral infection (SEVI), other green tea  bioactive member, epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG) captures the HIV virions and directs them to target cells into liver cell to initiated entry step, during sexual activity.

These results showed that injection of green tea epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG) inhibited the expression of SEVI and revoked semen in mediated enhancement of HIV-1 infection through precipitated viral degradation without inducing healthy cell toxicity.

Additionally, green tea EGCG activity, in HIV-1 infectivity on human CD4+ T cells, at a physiologic concentration of 6μM, significantly inhibited HIV-1 p24 antigen production in expression of acute infection in both HIV-1 clinical isolates and laboratory-adapted subtypes B C, D, and G.

Interestingly, researchers discovered that EGCG-induced inhibition of HV-1 infectivity was not due to cytotoxicity, restricted cell growth, nor apoptosis but blocking the HIV activity in attachment of HIV-1-gp120, a glycoprotein exposed on the surface of the HIV envelope to the CD4 molecule in the entry point in initiated infectivity.

Dr. Christina L., the lead author concluded, "(by) preventing the attachment of HIV-1-gp120 to the CD4 molecule, EGCG inhibits HIV-1 infectivity. As this inhibition can be achieved at physiologic concentrations, the natural anti-HIV agent, EGCG, is a candidate as an alternative therapy in HIV-1 therapy".

The findings suggested that green and black tea with abundant bioactive polyphenols Theaflavins including epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG) may be considered as a function food to ameliorated risk of HIV 1 infection by blocking the complex process in initiation, at the cellular models.

Therefore, further data collection on large sample size and multi centers clinical studies performed with human consumption during the course of the investigation will be necessary to complete the picture of green and black tea bioactive ingredients' protective effect against Human Immunodeficiency Virus -1 (HIV-1) possibilities.

Intake of tea supplements should be taken with extreme care as acute liver toxicity was reported in numbers of case in medical literature.


Natural Medicine for Fatty Liver And Obesity Reversal - The Revolutionary Findings To Achieve Optimal Health And Loose Weight

Ovarian Cysts And PCOS Elimination
Holistic System In Existence That Will Show You How To
Permanently Eliminate All Types of Ovarian Cysts Within 2 Months

Back to Kyle J. Norton Home page http://kylejnorton.blogspot.ca
Author Biography
Kyle J. Norton (Scholar, Master of Nutrients, All right reserved)
Health article writer and researcher; Over 10.000 articles and research papers have been written and published on line, including world wide health, ezine articles, article base, healthblogs, selfgrowth, best before it's news, the karate GB daily, etc.,.
Named TOP 50 MEDICAL ESSAYS FOR ARTISTS & AUTHORS TO READ by Disilgold.com Named 50 of the best health Tweeters Canada - Huffington Post
Nominated for shorty award over last 4 years
Some articles have been used as references in medical research, such as international journal Pharma and Bio science, ISSN 0975-6299.


Sources
(1) The main green tea polyphenol epigallocatechin-3-gallate counteracts semen-mediated enhancement of HIV infection by Hauber I1, Hohenberg H, Holstermann B, Hunstein W, Hauber J.(PubMed)
(2) A natural theaflavins preparation inhibits HIV-1 infection by targeting the entry step: potential applications for preventing HIV-1 infection by Yang J1, Li L, Tan S, Jin H, Qiu J, Mao Q, Li R, Xia C, Jiang ZH, Jiang S, Liu S.(PubMed)
(3) Theaflavin derivatives in black tea and catechin derivatives in green tea inhibit HIV-1 entry by targeting gp41 by Liu S1, Lu H, Zhao Q, He Y, Niu J, Debnath AK, Wu S, Jiang S.(PubMed)
(4) Preclinical Development of the Green Tea Catechin, Epigallocatechin Gallate, as an HIV-1 Therapy by Christina L. Nance, Ph.D.,a Edward B. Siwak, Ph.D.,b and William T. Shearer, MD, Ph.Da(PMC)
(5) The HIV-1 gp41 N-terminal heptad repeat plays an essential role in membrane fusion by Sackett K1, Shai Y.(PubMed)
(6) AIDS (Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome) by Institute of Human Virology (IHV)

The Effects of Carrot on Hyperlipidemia, Lipid Peroxidation, Antioxidants and Heart Disease, Analyzed By PubMed Studies

Kyle J. Norton

Carrot may have a profound and positive effect in modulated blood levels of cholesterol and improved antioxidant status in host, some scientists suggested.

These regulations showed a strong support of carrot in reduced risk of heart diseases.

Cholesterol, a waxy substance found in lipidprotein form of your blood, with right levels plays an important role in building healthy cell membrane in maintenance of proper membrane permeability and fluidity as well as production of certain hormones, vitamin D and enzymes with function in digested food.

Abnormal high blood cholesterol is a common and modern syndrome with increased risk of fatty deposits in the blood vessels in contribution to early onset of heart diseases.

In compared to healthy individuals, people with abnormal high blood cholesterol are associated to twice the risk of heart disease. 

According to the general belief, the syndrome are strongly associated to unhealthy diet and choices of lifestyle.

Change of diet and regular exercise are considered as the best choice to attenuated risk of early onset. 

According to statistic from Centers and Disease Control and Prevention, "between 2011–2012, an estimated 26.4% of U.S. adult males and 9.0% of females aged ≥20 years had low levels of HDL cholesterol (also known as "good cholesterol") and "In all age groups, a higher percentage of men had low levels of HDL cholesterol than women. A higher percentage of men aged 40–59 years had low levels of HDL cholesterol than men aged ≥60 years".

Uncontrolled and untreated high blood cholesterol can induce a set of  serious complications including carotid artery disease, coronary heart disease, peripheral artery disease and stroke.

Carrot, a root vegetable with orange color is a sub spices of Daucus carota, belongings to the family Apiaceae, native to Asian and Europe.

Nutrients
1. Carbohydrates
2. Sugars
3. Fibre
4. Fat
5. Protein
6. Vitamin A
7. Thiamine (VittaminB1)
8. Riboflavin (Vittamin B2)
9. Niacin (Vittamin B3)
10. Vitamin B6
11. Folate (Vittamin B9)
12. Vitamin C
13. Vitamin K
14. Calcium
15. Iron
16. Magnesium
17. Molybdenum
18. Phosphorus
19. Potassium
20. Sodium

In the study to evaluate whether the diet rich in carrot can protect the onset of cardiovascular diseases by acting on cholesterol metabolism and its effect on oxidative stress, researchers at the Vilmorin, Clause & Cie--BP 1, launched an investigation of these hypothesis on 4 groups of C57BL/6J mice 

* Group1: mice fed with control diets (without cholesterol added)
* Group 2: Mice fed control diets with 0.25% cholesterol added
* Group 3: mice fed with lyophilized carrot enriched diets (20% wt/wt without 0.25 % cholesterol added)
* Group 4: mice fed with lyophilized carrot enriched diets (20% wt/wt with 0.25 % cholesterol added)

The experiment was carried in the period of 4 weeks.

According to the results observed from fecal excretios, vitamin E, carotenoid concentrations and biomarkers relative to oxidative stress such as FRAP (Ferric Reducing Ability of Plasma) and isoprostanes assays.

* Group fed with carrot diet with added cholesterol showed a decrease of cholesterol (-41%) and triglycerides (-49 %) in plasma and in the liver (-41% and -39%, respectively) in compared to animals fed cholesterol-supplemented diets. 

* Also, group treated with carrot diet induced an increase of total neutral sterols fecal excretion, an indication of  inhibited digestive cholesterol absorption

* Carrot diet increased antioxidant status in cholesterol-fed mice as expressed by the 16% higher FRAP values.

* Carrot diet induced an increase of vitamin E in the heart in both cholesterol-free and cholesterol-supplemented fed mice, suggesting a higher protection of heart tissue.

Ferric Reducing Ability of Plasma assay is a medical technique for measuring antioxidant activity and isoprostanes are compound formed from the free radical-catalyzed peroxidation.

These results suggested that carrot intake may exert a protective impact against CVD linked to atherosclerosis. And these effects are associated to the synergistic effect of fiber and antioxidants.

Dr. Nicolle C, the lead author after taking into account of other confounders, said, "carrot ingestion decreases lipemia and improves antioxidant status in mice".

Further more, the Unité des Maladies Métaboliques & Micronutriments in the concerns of certain phytochemicals and vitamin and theirs' CVD protective properties as belief by general population, conducted a animal study in rats fed with carrot (15% dry matter) for 3 weeks to evaluate the lipid metabolism and antioxidant status.

According to the results, after taking into account of other independent risk factors, rat fed with dry carrot supplement demonstrated a significant decrease of cholesterol level in liver together with a reduction of the level of liver triglycerides.

Fecal secretion of total steroids excretion taken during the end of experiment also increased traumatically by 30% in compared to the baseline just before the experiment.

Rats fed with the supplementation also did not alter the levels of bile acids secretion, whereas the cholesterol apparent absorption was reduced.

In antioxidant aspect, researcher found that the dry carrot supplement intake significantly enhance antioxidant status with many implications, including

* Reduced expression of thiobarbituric acid reactive substances, the oxidative species formed as a byproduct of lipid peroxidation through decreased urinary secretion of the substances.

Thiobarbituric acid reactive substances are organic compounds formed as a byproduct in lipid peroxidation. 

The observation also showed that lipid peroxidation was reduced by antioxidant in inhibited ROS activities.

* Plasmatic levels of vitamin E, was increased profoundly at the end of the study.

Vitamin E is a powerful antioxidant and free radical scavengers with function in reduced free radical damage and slow the cellular aging process.

Additionally analysis, also found that dry carrot improved antioxidants and enhanced production of natural antioxidants from the host tissue were attributed to the properties of carotenoids (beta-carotene, alpha-carotene and lutein), some major bioactive ingredients in carrot.

Dr. Nicolle C, the lead author at the report of these interesting results, said, "Carrot consumption modifies cholesterol absorption and bile acids excretion and increases antioxidant status and these effects could be interesting for cardiovascular protection".

Some researchers in the study to replace conventional hamburgers with low fat carrot fibers hamburgers also found that including carrot fiber in the hamburgers may contribute to a strong impact in reduced risk of CVD through composition, pH value, cholesterol content.

Interestingly, with particular cooking characteristics and color, texture profile, low fat carrot fiber hamburger presented sensory and textural properties similar to those of regular hamburgers, up to 2% CF.

Taken together, carrot may be considered as a function food in reduced risk of CVD by inhibited hyperlipidemia and lipid peroxidation through antioxidants from the root vegetables and stimulating natural antioxidant produced by the host tissue.

However, additional data collection  on clinical studies performed with human consumption on large sample size and multi canters during the course of diseases will be necessary to complete the picture of carrot effects in modulated cholesterol and decreased risk CVD posibilities.

Therefore, people who have high blood cholesterol or are at risk of high blood cholesterol due to family history may want to add a portion of carrot in their daily diet for preventive measure.

Intake of carrot supplementation should be taken with exceptional care, as acute liver toxicity was found in some medical literature.

Natural Medicine for Fatty Liver And Obesity Reversal - The Revolutionary Findings To Achieve Optimal Health And Loose Weight

Ovarian Cysts And PCOS Elimination
Holistic System In Existence That Will Show You How To
Permanently Eliminate All Types of Ovarian Cysts Within 2 Months

Back to Kyle J. Norton Home page http://kylejnorton.blogspot.ca
Author Biography
Kyle J. Norton (Scholar, Master of Nutrients, All right reserved)
Health article writer and researcher; Over 10.000 articles and research papers have been written and published on line, including world wide health, ezine articles, article base, healthblogs, selfgrowth, best before it's news, the karate GB daily, etc.,.
Named TOP 50 MEDICAL ESSAYS FOR ARTISTS & AUTHORS TO READ by Disilgold.com Named 50 of the best health Tweeters Canada - Huffington Post
Nominated for shorty award over last 4 years
Some articles have been used as references in medical research, such as international journal Pharma and Bio science, ISSN 0975-6299.


Sources
(1) Lyophilized carrot ingestion lowers lipemia and beneficially affects cholesterol metabolism in cholesterol-fed C57BL/6J mice by Nicolle C1, Gueux E, Lab C, Jaffrelo L, Rock E, Mazur A, Amouroux P, Rémésy C.(PubMed)
(2) Effect of carrot intake on cholesterol metabolism and on antioxidant status in cholesterol-fed rat by Nicolle C1, Cardinault N, Aprikian O, Busserolles J, Grolier P, Rock E, Demigné C, Mazur A, Scalbert A, Amouroux P, Rémésy C.(PubMed)
(3) The Comparative Effect of Carrot and Lemon Fiber as a Fat Replacer on Physico-chemical, Textural, and Organoleptic Quality of Low-fat Beef Hamburger by Soncu ED1, Kolsarıcı N1, Çiçek N2, Öztürk GS3, Akoğlu IT4, Arıcı YK5.(PubMed)

How to Protect Yourself Against Hepatitis Infection Naturally, Suggested by PubMed

Kyle J. Norton



Green tea may have a potential effect in protected your liver against hepatitis infection, particularly, for people frequently travel to the third world countries, where risk of prevalence is abnormal high due to inadequate sanitation, some scientists suggested.
Hepatitis is an inflammation of the liver disease caused by virus in most cases. however, long term over dose of drugs and alcohol also can cause hepatitis.

Most cases of hepatitis are mild without exerting any symptoms to carriers. However, Some forms can be serious affecting liver function and inducing liver cirrhosis, or  liver cancer.

People infected by viral hepatitis may experience no symptoms or symptoms of jaundice, yellowing of skin and eyes, lose of appetite, dark colored urine and pale bowel movements,..... Please see your doctor immediately if you have developed some of above symptoms.

Liver disease is condition characterized by reduced function of liver in toxin elimination due to organ damage or injure caused by medication, viral infection, long term high amount of alcohol intake, ....

Green tea, a precious drink processes numbers of health benefit known to almost everyone in Asia and Western world.

According to the joint study lead by the Zhujiang Hospital of Southern Medical University Guangzhou, in the review of the data base of PubMed, CNKI, Wanfang and Weipu databases, regular green tea drinking is associated to a significant reduction in the risk of liver disease(1), including hepatocellular carcinoma, liver steatosis, hepatitis, liver cirrhosis and chronic liver disease.

Green tea demonstrated a reduced risk of liver disease, particularly in hepatitis, regardless of the race and geography(1) of the patients resided such as Asian, American and European subgroups.

1. Autoimmune Hepatitis
Autoimmune hepatitis is a medical condition characterized by immune system attacking the liver cells in induction of liver cirrhosis as a result of long term liver cellular inflammation and necrosis.

In concanavalin A (ConA) (25 mg/kg) induced autoimmune hepatitis in mice, pre-treatment of green tea exerted a strong inhibition of inflammatory cytokines through 

* Increased Bcl-2 expression(16), a regulator protein with function of blocking the apoptotic death of some cells and 

* Deceased activity of protein Bax in activated p53, a tumor suppressor to induce cell death and caspase-3, and Caspase-9 proteins(16) in signaling molecules in responsible for executing cell death in compared to ConA-treated group within 8 hours of applications.

Observed by TUNEL assay by detecting apoptotic cells that undergo extensive DNA degradation.

In other words, green tea EGCG administration reduced expression of ConA in induction of decreased numbers of infectious cells being attacked by the immune system, thus ameliorating risk of liver cell damage.

Application of green tea bioactive polyphenols Epigallocatechin-3-gallate (10 or 30 mg/kg) orally twice daily for 10 days before ConA injection also demonstrated a significant activity in reduced activation of BNIP3(16), a member of the apoptotic Bcl-2 protein family in mediated infectious cell apoptosis through autophagy(16) in induced destruction of damaged or redundant cellular components in compared to lectin ConA.

Further ananlysis suggested that the result of green tea EGCG efficacy in induction of BNIP3 to decrease expression of concanavalin A (ConA) in reduction of numbers infectious cell proliferation was attributed to the IL-6/JAK/STAT3(16) signaling pathway which plays an important role in the mechanisms in exhibited green tea EGCG antioxidant activity in blocking infectious cells migration and invasion in exhibited hepatoprotective effect.

In other words, said, Dr. Li S(16), the lead scientist "EGCG attenuated liver injury in ConA-induced hepatitis by down-regulating IL-6/JAKs/STAT3/BNIP3-mediated apoptosis and autophagy".

Further differentiation also found that green tea EGCG administration inhibited the immune over reaction and pathological damage by decreased expression of inflammatory cytokines induced by Tumor necrosis factor (TNF)(16), tumor necrosis factor alpha, a cell signaling protein (cytokine) in activated systemic inflammation in the acute phase infection.

Green tea also modulated the inflammatory factors, interleukin 6 (IL-6)(16), the pro inflammatory cytokines and anti inflammatory mytokins promptly and transiently produced in response to infections and tissue injuries and interferon-gamma (IFN-γ)(16), a cytokine that plays an important role in inducing and modulating immune responses to the infectious tissue, as well as cytokine interleukin-1β (IL-1β)(16), a key mediator of the inflammatory response in protected body against pathological invasion.


2. Hepatitis B
Hepatitis B is a viral infection of acute and chronic liver disease, caused by a double stranded DNA virus HBV transmitted through infected blood, semen, or other body fluid.

Hepatitis B can be acute or chronic. If you are infectious by the virus and unable to get rid of them after six months, you are at increased risk of having a "chronic infection."

Patients infected by acute and chronic hepatitis B may carry no symptoms or experience some symptoms pain around the liver, dark urine and/or pale stool......

According to the statistic, positive carriers among Canadian is estimated to be 0.5% to 1.0%., depending to ethnicity.

According to the evaluation of the effect of green tea bioactive polyphenos epigallocatechin-3 gallate (EGCG) and risk of hepatitis B, application of the phytochemical inhibited HBV replication in the testing Hep3B2.1-7 hepatocellular carcinoma cell line(17), through a significant effect in reduced prevalence of liver damage caused by hepatitis B virus.

Injection of EGCG at the dose of less than 100 μM in the observed liver cancer cell line showed no effect in induced cell apoptosis and decreased proliferation but exhibited a strong effect in ameliorated expression of 

* Surface antigen of the hepatitis B virus (HBsAg)(18) and 

* Antigen of hepatitis B virus(18) circulated in infected blood (HBeAg) levels found by the ELISA method and the polymerase chain reaction (PCR)assay.

Differentiation in different HepG2 2.2.15 cells to compare the effective of green tea with standard antiretroviral medication lamivudine (3TC), researchers indicated that administration of EGCG shows a significant inhibition of viral proliferation through attenuated expression of levels of HBsAg and HBeAg in the supernatant and extracellular HBV DNA(18) in a dose- and time-dependent manner.

At doses of 50-200 μg/ml EGCG displayed strong effects in compared to lamivudine (3TC) at dose of 200 μg/ml(18).

Application of EGCG also suppressed the extracellular HBV DNA(18), a nutrient source for viral cell proliferation and survival through attachment, aggregation, and stabilization of microcolonies.

The results of the experiments pointed out that green tea EGCG comprises a potential anti-HBV activity with low toxicity.

Moreover, in the investigation of green tea EGCG effect in the early stages of infection caused by four different Hepatitis B virus genotypes A and D researchers also found that at dose of more than 80%, the phyochemical inhibited both DMSO-differentiated HuS-E/2 cells and HA-NTCP-expressing Huh7 cells(19) involved cancer cell process in early stage of proliferation through induced protein degradation and ameliorated serum of tansferrin(19).(the iron-binding blood plasma glycoproteins that control the level of free iron in biological fluids)which is considered as a liver fibrosis biomarker in patients with chronic hepatitis B.

However, treatment of cells with EGCG had no effect on HBV genome replication or virion secretion(19) and the characteristic of HBV virion and the expression of known HBV entry factors were unaltered(19) out side of the host before attacking the liver tissue.

3. Hepatitis C
Hepatitis C is medical condition induced by contaminated food intake containing hepatitis C virus (HCV). Hepatitis C has been found to associate with sever liver damage.

Chronic hepatitis C patients may not experience any symptoms, however, in serious cases of liver damage, patients may develop symptoms of bleeding and bruising easily. poor appetite, fatigue Poor appetite, jaundice,.....

According to statistic, approximately 130–150 million people around the world are living with chronic HCV.

In Huh7.5.1 cells, a HCV cell culture (HCVcc) system using a JFH1-GFP chimeric virus, application of green tea EGCG with 50 % effective concentration (EC(50)) of 17.9 μM demonstrated a strong effect in interrupted HCV progression through monitoring HCV RNA and protein levels in Huh7.5.1 cells infected with the JFH1 virus(21) by preventing the mRNA in transferring infectious cell transcription in facilitated cell proliferation and division.

Injection of green tea at dose of 50 and 25 μM EGCG, expressed a significant inhibition of the presence of HCV after 2 and 5 passages in HCV cell culture (HCVcc) experiment(21), using an American Type Culture Collection (ATCC) reference strain, with little affect to the viral internal ribosome entry site (IRES) in initiated substitution of RNA sequences for viral protein synthesis(21) in shutting off classic host translation to evade host immune response.

Notably, in comparison of effect of green tea with potent anti-HCV medicine, cyclosporin A and tamoxifen, researchers indicated that application of green tea showed a strong anti HCV viral activity, similarly to those of anti hepatitis medicine through its antioxidant expression of flavonoids epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG) and 7,8-benzoflavone (α-naphthoflavone)(21), observed in HCV cell culture (HCVcc) by blocking the entry point of the virus in initiated infection to host cells(21) and stimulating the viral cell cycle arrest at the late stage of HCV life cycle(21), respectively

Some researchers in the evaluation of green tea polyphenols (-)-epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG) in hepatitis C infection suggested that EGCG processes anti viral expression through interrupting the cross link between HCV life cycle involving steps of entry, replication(22).

Injection of a concentration of 50 μM of EGCG was found to inhibit HCV infectivity by more than 90% at an early step of the viral life cycle(20).

The interrupted property in blocking the HCV entry cycle to induce infection to the host cell was confirmed with HCV pseudoparticles(20), a experiment model system in expression of cellular attachment which is the essential component of the HCV entry process.

Green tea EGCG also prevented attachment of of the virus to the cell surface in ameliorated HCV infection to the host cell without effecting viral replication and virion secretion outside of the host(20).

Summary
Green tea with abundant bioactive polyphenols may be considered as function foods for reduced risk and treatment of various types of liver diseases. However, intake of green supplement should be taken with extreme care as toxicity was reported in numbers of medical literature, such as

The single ingredients extract has also been found to induce hepotoxocity(2)(4) and acute liver dysfunction(4) in many occasions due to overdoses and long term usages.

Additionally, according to the Baylor College of Medicine and Dalhousie University, Halifax reported, "(There is) a case of acute impending liver failure in an adolescent male using a weight-loss product containing green tea extract" and "acute liver toxicity observed in individuals consuming supplements containing green tea extract"(3).

However, further data collection on larger sample and multi centers clinical studies performed with human consumption during the course of the disease will be necessary to complete the picture of its anti autoimmune hepatitis, hepatitis B and C possibilities.

Intake of green tea extract should  be taken with exceptional care as acute liver toxicity was reported in some cases in medical literature.


Natural Medicine for Fatty Liver And Obesity Reversal - The Revolutionary Findings To Achieve Optimal Health And Loose Weight

Ovarian Cysts And PCOS Elimination
Holistic System In Existence That Will Show You How To
Permanently Eliminate All Types of Ovarian Cysts Within 2 Months

Back to Kyle J. Norton Home page http://kylejnorton.blogspot.ca

Author biography: Kyle J. Norton
Health article writer and researcher; Over 10.000 articles and research papers have been written and published on line, including world wide health, ezine articles, article base, healthblogs, selfgrowth, best before it's news, the karate GB daily, etc.,.
Named TOP 50 MEDICAL ESSAYS FOR ARTISTS & AUTHORS TO READ by Disilgold.com Named 50 of the best health Tweeters Canada - Huffington Post
Nominated for shorty award over last 4 years
Some articles have been used as references in medical research, such as international journal Pharma and Bio science, ISSN 0975-6299.



Sources
(1) The effect of green tea intake on risk of liver disease: a meta analysis by Yin X1, Yang J2, Li T3, Song L4, Han T5, Yang M1, Liao H1, He J1, Zhong X1.(PubMed)
(2) Green tea extract: a potential cause of acute liver failure by Patel SS1, Beer S, Kearney DL, Phillips G, Carter BA.(PubMed)
(3) Green tea extract: a potential cause of acute liver failure by Patel SS1, Beer S, Kearney DL, Phillips G, Carter BA.(PubMed)
(4) Acute liver failure induced by green tea extracts: case report and review of the literature by Molinari M1, Watt KD, Kruszyna T, Nelson R, Walsh M, Huang WY, Nashan B, Peltekian K.(PubMed)
(16) Epigallocatechin-3-gallate attenuates apoptosis and autophagy in concanavalin A-induced hepatitis by inhibiting BNIP3. by Li S1, Xia Y1, Chen K1, Li J1, Liu T1, Wang F1, Lu J1, Zhou Y1, Guo C1.(PMC)
(17) (-)-Epigallocatechin-3-gallate inhibits entry of hepatitis B virus into hepatocytes by Huang HC1, Tao MH2, Hung TM3, Chen JC4, Lin ZJ5, Huang C6.(PubMed)
(18) Preventive effects of a major component of green tea, epigallocathechin-3-gallate, on hepatitis-B virus DNA replication by Karamese M1, Aydogdu S, Karamese SA, Altoparlak U, Gundogdu C.(PubMed)
(19) Green tea polyphenol, epigallocatechin-3-gallate, possesses the antiviral activity necessary to fight against the hepatitis B virus replication in vitro by Pang JY1, Zhao KJ, Wang JB, Ma ZJ, Xiao XH.(PubMed)
(20) (-)-Epigallocatechin-3-gallate is a new inhibitor of hepatitis C virus entry by Calland N1, Albecka A, Belouzard S, Wychowski C, Duverlie G, Descamps V, Hober D, Dubuisson J, Rouillé Y, Séron K.(PubMed)
(21) (-)-Epigallocatechin-3-gallate inhibits the replication cycle of hepatitis C virus by Chen C1, Qiu H, Gong J, Liu Q, Xiao H, Chen XW, Sun BL, Yang RG.(PubMed)
(22) A cell-based, microplate colorimetric screen identifies 7,8-benzoflavone and green tea gallate catechins as inhibitors of the hepatitis C virus by Fukazawa H1, Suzuki T, Wakita T, Murakami Y.(PubMed)

Carotenoids, the Secret Ingredients In Protection of Your Heart, Studies Provided by National Institutes of Health

Kyle J. Norton

Carrots' carotenoids may have a profound and positive effect in protection of your heart against development of cardiovascular disease, some scientists suggested.

The differentiation of studies were carried out by some respectable institutes, including the Università di Napoli and published on online medical data.

Carotenoids used by the plant to absorb light energy in photosynthesis, are class of mainly yellow, orange, or red fat-soluble pigments, including α-carotene, β-carotene, lutein, zeaxanthin.and lycopene,

In plants, carotenoids play an important role in protected chlorophyll from sunlight in induction of oxidation to cause photo damage.

Researcher at the Tufts University suggested that in human, dietary carotenoids may provide health benefits in decreasing risk of diseases, particularly certain cancers and eye disease.

Cardiovascular disease is a medical condition characterized by heart attack, chest pain (angina) or stroke cause by narrowed or blocked blood vessels.

Most common symptoms included chest pain, chest tightness, chest pressure and chest discomfort (angina), shortness of breath. sweating, irregular heartbeat

If you experience some the above symptoms, please see your doctor right the way.

A rest electrocardiogram (ECG or EKG) can often detect heart disease, heart attack, an enlarged heart, or abnormal heart rhythms that may induce heart failure.

Rocket, UCSF – Virtual Labs, Stanford University in the evaluation CARDIOVASCULAR COMPLICATIONS suggested,  "Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is the leading cause of death among people with diabetes mellitus" and "Compared to people without diabetes, those with diabetes have a higher prevalence of CVD and are more likely to have myocardial infarctions or silent myocardial ischemia".

However, diabetic patients who actively manage their risk factors may avoid or delay the development of heart and blood vessel disease.

Carrot, a root vegetable with orange color is a sub spices of Daucus carota, belongings to the family Apiaceae, native to Asian and Europe.

Nutrients
1. Carbohydrates
2. Sugars
3. Fibre
4. Fat
5. Protein
6. Vitamin A
7. Thiamine (VittaminB1)
8. Riboflavin (Vittamin B2)
9. Niacin (Vittamin B3)
10. Vitamin B6
11. Folate (Vittamin B9)
12. Vitamin C
13. Vitamin K
14. Calcium
15. Iron
16. Magnesium
17. Molybdenum
18. Phosphorus
19. Potassium
20. Sodium

In the study to evaluate the effect of many natural substances, including carotenoids in protection against cardiovascular disease through influence of endothelial functions, smooth muscle cell proliferation, thrombosis and plaque rupture, researchers at the Seconda Università di Napoli lauched an study to know more of the injection of the pigment in inhibition of ROS which were found over expression in patients with CVD.

ROS, the reactive oxygen species produced through many aspects and have a strong implications in all organs and tissues in the body daily.

Dr. Giugliano D, said, "A sufficient supply with antioxidants from diet might help prevent or delay the occurrence of pathological changes associated with oxidative stress" and " When diet fails to meet the antioxidant requirement, dietary supplements might be indicated".

Injection of antioxidants from various sources together with the antioxidants produced by the body tissues play an important role to keep free radicals in check.

In other words, maintaining the healthy ratio of free radicals and antioxidants in the body is considered as a good way to prevent he occurrence of pathological changes and reduce risk of Cardiovascular Disease (CVD).

The best antioxidant frequnetly mentioned by the studies were vitamin E, vitamin C, carotenoids, coenzyme Q10, flavonoids and the amino acid L-arginine.

Oxidative stress was found to induce intracellular Ca2+-overload, one of the critical impact in the genesis of myocyte dysfunction.

Increased expression of free radicals was also found to injure and damage the cardiac myocytes.

Further analysis of the bioactive lycopene, one of the major component of carotenoids, researchers at the Catholic University School of Medicine, conducted a study by comparison to the Northern European or other Western countries, the Mediterranean area in rates of mortality from cardiovascular diseases. 

Lycopene, a member of natural carotenoids found in tomato and carrot, is an essential component of the Mediterranean diet.

The study included the identification and differentiation of numbers of study which were satisfied the guidelines and criteria to maintain the integration of the investigations.

According to the selected studies, researchers found that most reports show a strong support of the role of lycopene in the prevention of CVD epidemiologically in a dose-response manner.

However, Dr. Mordente A, the lead author said, " A less clear and more complex picture emerges from the interventional trials, where several works have reported conflicting results".

Truly, lycopene reduced risk in prevention of CVD was attributed to its function as an antioxidant scavenger, hypolipaemic agent, inhibitor of pro-inflammatory and pro-thrombotic factors, which have been contributed to attenuated onset of the diseases.

Moreover, in the review of medical literature published between 2000 and 2011 in analysis of the properties of the carotenoid lycopene in chemical and biological systems in preventing cardiovascular diseases (CVD), researchers at the joint study lead by the J Friedrich Schiller University showed that
* Epidemiological studies strongly supported the role of lycopene protective effects against the progression of CVD.

* Lycopene inhibited over expression of low density lipoproteins (LDL) which  is a fundamental mechanism in the initiation of atherosclerosis.

* Lycopene improves blood flow and reduces inflammatory responses.

Dr. Müller L, the lead author after taking into account of other co and confounders said, "Tissue culture experiments and animal studies support potential cardioprotective effects for lycopene and other carotenoids in the blood" and "Most studies showed beneficial effects of lycopeneto individuals who are antioxidant-deficient like elderly patients, or humans exposed to higher levels of oxidative stress like smokers, diabetics, hemodialysis patients and acute myocardial infarction patients".

The information findings suggested that carrot and its bioactive phytochemical carotenoids (lycopene) may have a strong implication in prevent onset of cardiovascular disease, through its antioxidant activity in inhibition of several major risk factors, including levels of low blood cholesterol, Ca2+-overload.

Natural Medicine for Fatty Liver And Obesity Reversal - The Revolutionary Findings To Achieve Optimal Health And Loose Weight

Ovarian Cysts And PCOS Elimination
Holistic System In Existence That Will Show You How To
Permanently Eliminate All Types of Ovarian Cysts Within 2 Months

Back to Kyle J. Norton Home page http://kylejnorton.blogspot.ca
Author Biography
Kyle J. Norton (Scholar, Master of Nutrients, All right reserved)
Health article writer and researcher; Over 10.000 articles and research papers have been written and published on line, including world wide health, ezine articles, article base, healthblogs, selfgrowth, best before it's news, the karate GB daily, etc.,.
Named TOP 50 MEDICAL ESSAYS FOR ARTISTS & AUTHORS TO READ by Disilgold.com Named 50 of the best health Tweeters Canada - Huffington Post
Nominated for shorty award over last 4 years
Some articles have been used as references in medical research, such as international journal Pharma and Bio science, ISSN 0975-6299.


Sources
(1) Dietary antioxidants for cardiovascular prevention by Giugliano D1(PubMed)
(2) Lycopene and cardiovascular diseases: an update by Mordente A1, Guantario B, Meucci E, Silvestrini A, Lombardi E, Martorana GE, Giardina B, Böhm V(PubMed)
(3) Lycopene and Its Antioxidant Role in the Prevention of Cardiovascular Diseases-A Critical Review by Müller L1, Caris-Veyrat C2,3, Lowe G4, Böhm V(PubMed)
(4) CARDIOVASCULAR COMPLICATIONS(Rocket, UCSF – Virtual Labs, Stanford University)
(5) The role of carotenoids in human health by Johnson EJ(PubMed)