Kyle J. Norton
3,3'-Diindolylmethane or DIM may be used as a bioactive compound for the treatment of colorectal cancer with no side effects, according to studies.
Colorectal cancer is a medical condition caused by cell growth irregularly in the tissue of the colon or rectum due to the alternation of cells DNA.
According to the statistics provided by the American Cancer Society, in the US, colorectal cancer is the third most common cancer diagnosed in both men and women compared to other types of cancer.
The lifetime risk of colorectal cancer is 1 in 22 (4.49%) for men and 1 in 24 (4.15%) for women.
Approximately, 140,000 cases of colorectal cancer were diagnosed in the US in 2018. Cancer also causes the death of over 50, 000 people, representing 8.3% of total cancer death.
Being overweight or obese. smoking, physical inactivity, excessive alcohol drinking, increased in age, family and personal history, and genetic preposition are some of the prevalent risks of the disease.
Some researchers suggested that an unhealthy diet such as the promotion of the Western diet over the past few decades may be one of the major causes of colorectal cancer.
Dr. Alan Moss, the lead scientist in the evaluation of the association between diet and colorectal cancer risk, wrote, "Studies that examined dietary factors and various cancers showed that one of the strongest associations is between CRC and meat consumption"
"Recently, global publicity was generated by the World Health Organization International Agency for Research on Cancer consensus statement regarding the increased risk of CRC with consumption of processed or red meat.4 The 2015 statement notes that processed meat is carcinogenic to humans and lists processed meat as a group 1 substance. Processed meats result from salting, smoking, fermenting, or curing the meat, and common examples include ham, bacon, and sausage".
The results clearly suggested that by changing your diet pattern from the Western diet to a traditional diet with high fruits and vegetables, your risk of colorectal can be reduced substantially.
3,3'-Diindolylmethane or DIM are phytochemicals derived from the digestion of indole-3-carbinol, belonging to the group of Indoles, found abundantly in broccoli, Brussels sprouts, cabbage, kale, etc.
Researchers concerned about the slow growth of colorectal cancer and the prognosis in colorectal cancer patients examined the effects of 3,3'-Diindolylmethane (DIM) on cyclin D1, which was aberrantly overexpressed in colorectal cancer cells and tumors.
Cyclin D1 is a protein needed for cellular proliferation in the G1 phase of the cell cycle.
Injection of DIM inhibited the cyclin D1 expression in colorectal cancer cells (CRC), without affecting the PPARĪ³ expression and protease activity in regulating the process of cell differentiation.
Moreover, DIM inhibition of the cell cycle in the G1 phase of colorectal cancer cells (CRC) without alternating the cyclin D1 mRNA expression. The results suggested DIM modulated cyclin D1 expression at the translational level through some unknown mechanisms.
Dr. Zhang X and colleagues wrote in the final report, "The present study demonstrates that DIM downregulates cyclin D1 through triggering ER stress in human colorectal cancer cells".
In other words, DIM-induced cell cycle arrest of the colorectal cancer cells by modulating the G1 phase of the cell cycle.
Additionally, in order to reveal more information about the DIM anti-colorectal cancer activity, researchers elucidated the molecular mechanism of ATF3 induction by DIM in human CRC cells.
The DIM treatment induced apoptosis and induced ATF3 gene expression at protein and messenger RNA levels, involving the DNA repair of the damaged cells.
However, in colorectal cancer cells, deletion and point mutation of the ATF binding site (-23 to -16) abolished ATF3 promoter activation by DIM, leading to overexpression of ATF4 associated with the promotion of metabolic homeostasis and cancer cell survival
In other words, DIM stimulates ATF3 expression inducing apoptosis in human colorectal cells through inhibiting the ATF4-mediated pathway.
Taken together, 3,3'-Diindolylmethane derived from I3C may be considered a supplement for the prevention and combined with primary therapy for the treatment of colorectal cancer, pending the confirmation of a large sample size and multicenter human study.
Natural Medicine for Fatty Liver And Obesity Reversal - The Revolutionary Findings To Achieve Optimal Health And Lose Weight
How To Get Rid Of Eye Floaters
Contrary To Professional Prediction, Floaters Can Be Cured Naturally
Ovarian Cysts And PCOS Elimination
Holistic System In Existence That Will Show You How To
Permanently Eliminate All Types of Ovarian Cysts Within 2 Months
Back to Kyle J. Norton's Homepage http://kylejnorton.blogspot.ca
Author Biography
Kyle J. Norton (Scholar, Master of Nutrition, All rights reserved)
Health article writer and researcher; Over 10,000 articles and research papers have been written and published online, including worldwide health, ezine articles, article base, health blogs, self-growth, Best Before it's news, the karate GB Daily, etc.,.
Named TOP 50 MEDICAL ESSAYS FOR ARTISTS & AUTHORS TO READ by Disilgold.com Named 50 of the best health Tweeters Canada - Huffington Post
Nominated for Shorty Award over last 4 years
Some articles have been used as references in medical research, such as the international journal Pharma and Bioscience, ISSN 0975-6299.
Sources
(1) 3,3'-diindolylmethane downregulates cyclin D1 through triggering endoplasmic reticulum stress in colorectal cancer cells by Zhang X1, Sukamporn P2, Zhang S3, Min KW4, Baek SJ. (PubMed)
(2) 3,3'-diindolylmethane induces activating transcription factor 3 (ATF3) via ATF4 in human colorectal cancer cells by Lee SH1, Min KW, Zhang X, Baek SJ. (PubMed)
(3) The Association Between Diet and Colorectal Cancer Risk: Moving Beyond Generalizations
Alan Moss, and Kumanan Nalankilli. (Gastroenterology)
Sunday, 29 October 2023
#Phytochemical Betacyanins Inhibit #LiverStress Markers Inducing Liver Injury and Damage, Scientists Show
Kyle J. Norton
The liver is the largest internal organ that not only plays an essential role in filtering the blood from the digestive system before passing it to other parts of the body but also produces cholesterol, a waxy substance that aids digestion, builds cell membranes, and produces vitamin D and steroid hormones.
Liver disease is a class of medical conditions characterized by reducing partly or completely the function of the liver, including liver injury.
The most common symptoms of liver injury are totally depending on the severity of the injury that affects the liver function. In serious cases of liver injury, symptoms may include jaundice, pain in your upper right abdomen, abdominal swelling, gastrointestinal symptoms such as nausea and vomiting, disorientation or confusion, and sleepiness.
The most common causes of liver injury include
* Overdose of certain medications, especially acetaminophen overdose. Believe it or not, taking too much acetaminophen (Tylenol, others) is the most common cause of acute liver failure in the US.
* Overdose of some prescription medications, including antibiotics, nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, and anticonvulsants is also associated with liver injury.
* Overdose of herbal extracts such as green tea ECG
* Toxins
Exposure to toxic chemicals such as refrigerants and solvents for waxes and eating toxic food such as wild mushrooms may cause liver injury.
Out of many risk factors involved in liver injury, some researchers suggested alcohol intoxication, a condition of alcohol poisoning caused by excessively high levels of the recent drinking of ethanol in the blood (alcohol) may be one of the major culprits that cause the long-term injury to the liver.
Over time, excessive alcohol drinking can lead to fatty liver, alcoholic hepatitis, and chronic hepatitis with liver fibrosis or cirrhosis.
The Canadian Liver Association wrote, "When the liver has too much alcohol to handle, normal liver function may be interrupted leading to a chemical imbalance. If the liver is required to detoxify alcohol continuously, liver cells may be destroyed or altered resulting in fat deposits (fatty liver), and more seriously, either inflammation (alcoholic hepatitis), and/or permanent scarring (cirrhosis).
Betacyanins are phytochemicals in the class of red and yellow indole-derived pigments, belonging to the group of Betalains, found abundantly in beets, chard, etc.
With an aim to find a potential compound for the prevention of liver injury, researchers examined the protective effect of betanin, a chemical compound found in the class of betacyanins on the liver.
In fish pretreated with 1, 2, and 4 % betanin in fodder throughout the experiment for 20 days before intraperitoneally injected with 20 % (v/v in peanut oil) CCl4 at a volume of 0.5 mL/kg body weight, researchers showed that* Injection of CCl4 induced liver injury by promoting the expression of liver CYP2E1 which has been found to increase in a patient with liver disease, and oxidative stress.
* Elevated serum aspartate aminotransferase (AST)/alanine aminotransferase (ALT) activities and liver histological damage in CCl4 fish were also decreased in the treatment group.
More precisely, compared with the CCl4 control group, the betanin-treated groups exhibited reduced CYP2E1 activity, decreased malondialdehyde level, and increased liver antioxidative capacity (increased glutathione level and superoxide dismutase and catalase activities).
In other words, all parameters associated with liver injury in the CCl4 group are inhibited by the administration of betanin.
Based on the findings, researchers said, " In conclusion, betanin attenuates CCl4-induced liver damage in common carp. Moreover, the inhibition of CYP2E1 activity and oxidative stress may have significant roles in the protective effect of betanin".
Taken together, betacyanins processed abundantly bioactive compound betanin may be considered a remedy for the prevention and treatment of liver injury, pending the confirmation of the larger sample size and multicenter human study.
Intake of betacyanins in the form of supplements should be taken with extreme care to prevent overdose acute liver toxicity.
Natural Medicine for Fatty Liver And Obesity Reversal - The Revolutionary Findings To Achieve Optimal Health And Lose Weight
How To Get Rid Of Eye Floaters
Contrary To Professional Prediction, Floaters Can Be Cured Naturally
Ovarian Cysts And PCOS Elimination
Holistic System In Existence That Will Show You How To
Permanently Eliminate All Types of Ovarian Cysts Within 2 Months
Back to Kyle J. Norton's Homepage http://kylejnorton.blogspot.ca
Author Biography
Kyle J. Norton (Scholar, Master of Nutrition, All rights reserved)
Health article writer and researcher; Over 10,000 articles and research papers have been written and published online, including worldwide health, ezine articles, article base, health blogs, self-growth, Best Before it's news, the karate GB Daily, etc.,.
Named TOP 50 MEDICAL ESSAYS FOR ARTISTS & AUTHORS TO READ by Disilgold.com Named 50 of the best health Tweeters Canada - Huffington Post
Nominated for Shorty Award over last 4 years
Some articles have been used as references in medical research, such as the international journal Pharma and Bioscience, ISSN 0975-6299.
Sources
(1) Betanin attenuates carbon tetrachloride (CCl4)-induced liver injury in common carp (Cyprinus carpio L.) by Han J1, Gao C, Yang S, Wang J, Tan D. (PubMed)
(2) Opuntia ficus indica (L.) Mill. fruit juice protects liver from carbon tetrachloride-induced injury by Galati EM1, Mondello MR, Lauriano ER, Taviano MF, Galluzzo M, Miceli N.(PubMed)
(3) Alcohol-Related Complications by the Canadian Liver Association
The liver is the largest internal organ that not only plays an essential role in filtering the blood from the digestive system before passing it to other parts of the body but also produces cholesterol, a waxy substance that aids digestion, builds cell membranes, and produces vitamin D and steroid hormones.
Liver disease is a class of medical conditions characterized by reducing partly or completely the function of the liver, including liver injury.
The most common symptoms of liver injury are totally depending on the severity of the injury that affects the liver function. In serious cases of liver injury, symptoms may include jaundice, pain in your upper right abdomen, abdominal swelling, gastrointestinal symptoms such as nausea and vomiting, disorientation or confusion, and sleepiness.
The most common causes of liver injury include
* Overdose of certain medications, especially acetaminophen overdose. Believe it or not, taking too much acetaminophen (Tylenol, others) is the most common cause of acute liver failure in the US.
* Overdose of some prescription medications, including antibiotics, nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, and anticonvulsants is also associated with liver injury.
* Overdose of herbal extracts such as green tea ECG
* Toxins
Exposure to toxic chemicals such as refrigerants and solvents for waxes and eating toxic food such as wild mushrooms may cause liver injury.
Out of many risk factors involved in liver injury, some researchers suggested alcohol intoxication, a condition of alcohol poisoning caused by excessively high levels of the recent drinking of ethanol in the blood (alcohol) may be one of the major culprits that cause the long-term injury to the liver.
Over time, excessive alcohol drinking can lead to fatty liver, alcoholic hepatitis, and chronic hepatitis with liver fibrosis or cirrhosis.
The Canadian Liver Association wrote, "When the liver has too much alcohol to handle, normal liver function may be interrupted leading to a chemical imbalance. If the liver is required to detoxify alcohol continuously, liver cells may be destroyed or altered resulting in fat deposits (fatty liver), and more seriously, either inflammation (alcoholic hepatitis), and/or permanent scarring (cirrhosis).
Betacyanins are phytochemicals in the class of red and yellow indole-derived pigments, belonging to the group of Betalains, found abundantly in beets, chard, etc.
With an aim to find a potential compound for the prevention of liver injury, researchers examined the protective effect of betanin, a chemical compound found in the class of betacyanins on the liver.
In fish pretreated with 1, 2, and 4 % betanin in fodder throughout the experiment for 20 days before intraperitoneally injected with 20 % (v/v in peanut oil) CCl4 at a volume of 0.5 mL/kg body weight, researchers showed that* Injection of CCl4 induced liver injury by promoting the expression of liver CYP2E1 which has been found to increase in a patient with liver disease, and oxidative stress.
* Elevated serum aspartate aminotransferase (AST)/alanine aminotransferase (ALT) activities and liver histological damage in CCl4 fish were also decreased in the treatment group.
More precisely, compared with the CCl4 control group, the betanin-treated groups exhibited reduced CYP2E1 activity, decreased malondialdehyde level, and increased liver antioxidative capacity (increased glutathione level and superoxide dismutase and catalase activities).
In other words, all parameters associated with liver injury in the CCl4 group are inhibited by the administration of betanin.
Based on the findings, researchers said, " In conclusion, betanin attenuates CCl4-induced liver damage in common carp. Moreover, the inhibition of CYP2E1 activity and oxidative stress may have significant roles in the protective effect of betanin".
Taken together, betacyanins processed abundantly bioactive compound betanin may be considered a remedy for the prevention and treatment of liver injury, pending the confirmation of the larger sample size and multicenter human study.
Intake of betacyanins in the form of supplements should be taken with extreme care to prevent overdose acute liver toxicity.
Natural Medicine for Fatty Liver And Obesity Reversal - The Revolutionary Findings To Achieve Optimal Health And Lose Weight
How To Get Rid Of Eye Floaters
Contrary To Professional Prediction, Floaters Can Be Cured Naturally
Ovarian Cysts And PCOS Elimination
Holistic System In Existence That Will Show You How To
Permanently Eliminate All Types of Ovarian Cysts Within 2 Months
Back to Kyle J. Norton's Homepage http://kylejnorton.blogspot.ca
Author Biography
Kyle J. Norton (Scholar, Master of Nutrition, All rights reserved)
Health article writer and researcher; Over 10,000 articles and research papers have been written and published online, including worldwide health, ezine articles, article base, health blogs, self-growth, Best Before it's news, the karate GB Daily, etc.,.
Named TOP 50 MEDICAL ESSAYS FOR ARTISTS & AUTHORS TO READ by Disilgold.com Named 50 of the best health Tweeters Canada - Huffington Post
Nominated for Shorty Award over last 4 years
Some articles have been used as references in medical research, such as the international journal Pharma and Bioscience, ISSN 0975-6299.
Sources
(1) Betanin attenuates carbon tetrachloride (CCl4)-induced liver injury in common carp (Cyprinus carpio L.) by Han J1, Gao C, Yang S, Wang J, Tan D. (PubMed)
(2) Opuntia ficus indica (L.) Mill. fruit juice protects liver from carbon tetrachloride-induced injury by Galati EM1, Mondello MR, Lauriano ER, Taviano MF, Galluzzo M, Miceli N.(PubMed)
(3) Alcohol-Related Complications by the Canadian Liver Association
#Allicin Acts as Cysteine Protease Inhibitor in the Prevention and Treatment of Parasite-Inhection , Scientists Say
Kyle J. Norton
Scientists may have found a natural ingredient with a similar effect as that of antibiotics for the treatment of malaria with no side effects, according to studies.
Malaria is a mosquito-borne infectious disease caused by parasitic protozoans.
According to the statistics, malaria is one of the most common diseases in Nigeria, affecting over 97% of Nigeria's population. There are an estimated 100 million malaria cases with over 300,000 deaths per year.
Symptoms of malaria tend to occur in cycles, which correspond to the life cycle of the parasite. The most common symptoms include headaches, fatigue, muscle aches, and gastrointestinal discomforts including diarrhea.
In severe cases, patients with malaria may also experience symptoms of shortness of breath caused by fluid in the lungs and expanded abdomen caused by enlarged spleen hypoglycemia and liver diseases such as jaundice and low blood glucose.
Immune deficiency, pregnant women, and newborn babies are prone to the disease if they are bitten by an infected mosquito.
However, some researchers suggested that where you live may be one of the major risks for the disease onset.
Dr. Wulung Hanandita, the lead scientist in the concern of geography and social distribution of malaria in Indonesian, wrote, "Rural Papuans, as well as those who live in poor, densely forested, lowland districts, are at a higher risk of infection than their counterparts. We also find age and gender differentials in malaria prevalence, if only to a small degree".
These results clearly suggested that if you are poor, and live in densely forested, lowland districts (away from the urban world), you are at an increased risk of malaria.
Allicin is a phytochemical containing sulfur in the class of organosulfur compounds, found abundantly in onion and garlic.
In the concern of widespread malaria infection in the third world where antibiotics are scarce, researchers urgently looked into allicin, the major biologically active component of garlic which has been found to exert a similar effect as that of Western medicine with no side effects.
In protozoan parasites including Plasmodium, injection of allicin reduced parasitemia and prolonged survival of the host in a dose-dependent manner by improving the host immune responses.
During the experiment, researchers discovered the efficacy of allicin against the tested parasites was attributed to the bioactive compound in stimulating the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines.
The numbers of white blood cells such as macrophages were significantly higher in allicin-treated mice.
The promotion of proinflammatory cytokines and immune response by allicin did reduce the function of anti-inflammatory cytokines during the course of the test.
In other words, allicin protects the host against P. yoelii 17XL through enhancement of the host's innate and adaptive immune responses.
Furthermore, examining the effect of allicin on sporozoites, researchers found that at low concentrations, allicin was not toxic to either sporozoites or mammalian cells.
In vitro, at these low concentrations, allicin inhibited the circumsporozoite protein (CSP) processing and prevented sporozoite invasion of host cells.
Mice injected with allicin had decreased Plasmodium infections and prevented malaria infection compared to controls.
Moreover, a 4-day regimen of allicin administered either orally or intravenously significantly decreased parasitemias and increased the survival of infected mice by 10 days.
Dr. Coppi A the lead scientist on the final reports said, "These experiments demonstrate that the same cysteine protease inhibitor can target two different life cycle stages in the vertebrate host".
Taken together, the results strongly suggested that phytochemical allicin may be considered an alternative antibiotic for the prevention and combined with the primary medicine for the treatment of malaria induced by parasite infection.
Natural Medicine for Fatty Liver And Obesity Reversal - The Revolutionary Findings To Achieve Optimal Health And Lose Weight
How To Get Rid Of Eye Floaters
Contrary To Professional Prediction, Floaters Can Be Cured Naturally
Ovarian Cysts And PCOS Elimination
Holistic System In Existence That Will Show You How To
Permanently Eliminate All Types of Ovarian Cysts Within 2 Months
Back to Kyle J. Norton's Homepage http://kylejnorton.blogspot.ca
Author Biography
Kyle J. Norton (Scholar, Master of Nutrition, All rights reserved)
Health article writer and researcher; Over 10,000 articles and research papers have been written and published online, including worldwide health, ezine articles, article base, health blogs, self-growth, Best Before it's news, the karate GB Daily, etc.,.
Named TOP 50 MEDICAL ESSAYS FOR ARTISTS & AUTHORS TO READ by Disilgold.com Named 50 of the best health Tweeters Canada - Huffington Post
Nominated for Shorty Award over last 4 years
Some articles have been used as references in medical research, such as the international journal Pharma and Bioscience, ISSN 0975-6299.
References
(1) Allicin enhances host pro-inflammatory immune responses and protects against acute murine malaria infection by Feng Y, Zhu X, Wang Q, Jiang Y, Shang H, Cui L, Cao Y.(PubMed)
(2) Antimalarial activity of allicin, a biologically active compound from garlic cloves by Coppi A, Cabinian M, Mirelman D, Sinnis P.(PubMed)
(3) Geography and social distribution of malaria in Indonesian Papua: a cross-sectional study by Wulung Hanandita
and Gindo Tampubolon. (PMC)
Scientists may have found a natural ingredient with a similar effect as that of antibiotics for the treatment of malaria with no side effects, according to studies.
Malaria is a mosquito-borne infectious disease caused by parasitic protozoans.
According to the statistics, malaria is one of the most common diseases in Nigeria, affecting over 97% of Nigeria's population. There are an estimated 100 million malaria cases with over 300,000 deaths per year.
Symptoms of malaria tend to occur in cycles, which correspond to the life cycle of the parasite. The most common symptoms include headaches, fatigue, muscle aches, and gastrointestinal discomforts including diarrhea.
In severe cases, patients with malaria may also experience symptoms of shortness of breath caused by fluid in the lungs and expanded abdomen caused by enlarged spleen hypoglycemia and liver diseases such as jaundice and low blood glucose.
Immune deficiency, pregnant women, and newborn babies are prone to the disease if they are bitten by an infected mosquito.
However, some researchers suggested that where you live may be one of the major risks for the disease onset.
Dr. Wulung Hanandita, the lead scientist in the concern of geography and social distribution of malaria in Indonesian, wrote, "Rural Papuans, as well as those who live in poor, densely forested, lowland districts, are at a higher risk of infection than their counterparts. We also find age and gender differentials in malaria prevalence, if only to a small degree".
These results clearly suggested that if you are poor, and live in densely forested, lowland districts (away from the urban world), you are at an increased risk of malaria.
Allicin is a phytochemical containing sulfur in the class of organosulfur compounds, found abundantly in onion and garlic.
In the concern of widespread malaria infection in the third world where antibiotics are scarce, researchers urgently looked into allicin, the major biologically active component of garlic which has been found to exert a similar effect as that of Western medicine with no side effects.
In protozoan parasites including Plasmodium, injection of allicin reduced parasitemia and prolonged survival of the host in a dose-dependent manner by improving the host immune responses.
During the experiment, researchers discovered the efficacy of allicin against the tested parasites was attributed to the bioactive compound in stimulating the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines.
The numbers of white blood cells such as macrophages were significantly higher in allicin-treated mice.
The promotion of proinflammatory cytokines and immune response by allicin did reduce the function of anti-inflammatory cytokines during the course of the test.
In other words, allicin protects the host against P. yoelii 17XL through enhancement of the host's innate and adaptive immune responses.
Furthermore, examining the effect of allicin on sporozoites, researchers found that at low concentrations, allicin was not toxic to either sporozoites or mammalian cells.
In vitro, at these low concentrations, allicin inhibited the circumsporozoite protein (CSP) processing and prevented sporozoite invasion of host cells.
Mice injected with allicin had decreased Plasmodium infections and prevented malaria infection compared to controls.
Moreover, a 4-day regimen of allicin administered either orally or intravenously significantly decreased parasitemias and increased the survival of infected mice by 10 days.
Dr. Coppi A the lead scientist on the final reports said, "These experiments demonstrate that the same cysteine protease inhibitor can target two different life cycle stages in the vertebrate host".
Taken together, the results strongly suggested that phytochemical allicin may be considered an alternative antibiotic for the prevention and combined with the primary medicine for the treatment of malaria induced by parasite infection.
Natural Medicine for Fatty Liver And Obesity Reversal - The Revolutionary Findings To Achieve Optimal Health And Lose Weight
How To Get Rid Of Eye Floaters
Contrary To Professional Prediction, Floaters Can Be Cured Naturally
Ovarian Cysts And PCOS Elimination
Holistic System In Existence That Will Show You How To
Permanently Eliminate All Types of Ovarian Cysts Within 2 Months
Back to Kyle J. Norton's Homepage http://kylejnorton.blogspot.ca
Author Biography
Kyle J. Norton (Scholar, Master of Nutrition, All rights reserved)
Health article writer and researcher; Over 10,000 articles and research papers have been written and published online, including worldwide health, ezine articles, article base, health blogs, self-growth, Best Before it's news, the karate GB Daily, etc.,.
Named TOP 50 MEDICAL ESSAYS FOR ARTISTS & AUTHORS TO READ by Disilgold.com Named 50 of the best health Tweeters Canada - Huffington Post
Nominated for Shorty Award over last 4 years
Some articles have been used as references in medical research, such as the international journal Pharma and Bioscience, ISSN 0975-6299.
References
(1) Allicin enhances host pro-inflammatory immune responses and protects against acute murine malaria infection by Feng Y, Zhu X, Wang Q, Jiang Y, Shang H, Cui L, Cao Y.(PubMed)
(2) Antimalarial activity of allicin, a biologically active compound from garlic cloves by Coppi A, Cabinian M, Mirelman D, Sinnis P.(PubMed)
(3) Geography and social distribution of malaria in Indonesian Papua: a cross-sectional study by Wulung Hanandita
and Gindo Tampubolon. (PMC)
#Anacardicacids Process Anti-Antiproliferative and Cytotoxic Effect on Pituitary Adenoma Cells, Researchers Show
Kyle J. Norton
Scientists may have found a natural ingredient for the prevention and treatment of pituitary adenomas with no side effects, according to studies.
Anacardic acids are phenolic lipids, phytochemicals of the organic acid found abundantly in cashews, mangoes, etc.
Pituitary adenomas are noncancerous tumors that occur in the pituitary gland.
A pituitary tumor has a negative and strong implication for the production of the thyroid-stimulating hormone, leading to a rare case of hyperthyroidism which normally induces unintentional weight loss.
Most cases of pituitary adenomas start in the cell of the inner lining of the tissue of the pituitary gland, due to the alternation of DNA. The tumor is well contained in the gland with no tendency to spread.
At the early stage, patients with benign tumors do not experience any symptoms. However, when the tumor grows larger, it may suppress the healthy tissue in the gland or nearby nerve cells, leading to symptoms of headache, vision loss, and severe pain.
Epidemiological studies suggested that depending on the stage of the pituitary tumor, patients can experience hormone overproduction and hormone deficiency, leading to certain hormonal-related diseases.
Depending on the size of the tumor and its effect on the patient's health, surgery may be the only option, if the tumor is pressing on the optic nerves or overproducing certain hormones.
In the concern of morbidity and complication of therapy in patients with pituitary adenomas, researchers examined the effect of anacardic acids, a natural histone acetyltransferase inhibitor, on pituitary adenoma cells.
Epidemiological studies suggested that the progression of the benign pituitary tumor, if not treated, is a prevalent risk factor for the onset of malignant tumor pathogenesis.
Injection of anacardic acid exerted a significant anti-antiproliferative and cytotoxic effect on pituitary adenoma cells.
According to the flow cytometry and Western blotting assays, anacardic acid inhibition of the tested cell line was associated with an increase the functions of the protein involved in a number of cellular processes in programming cell death and through cell cycle arrest on the G1 phase.
The marker used to detect cancer cell apoptosis, Annexin A5 (or annexin V), a cellular protein in the annexin group also increased after injecting the cancer cell with Anacardic acids.
In vitro and in vivo researchers found that administration of a pan-caspase inhibitor that irreversibly inhibits enzymatic function and is effective in blocking apoptosis in a variety of cell types under normal conditions has failed to reverse anacardic acid-induced cell death.
These results suggested that the bioactive induced cancer cell apoptosis through a possible nonclassical mechanism.
Furthermore, Anacardic acid the anti-cancer effect also suppressed the function of the survivin protein functions to exhibit negative regulation of apoptosis or programmed cell death and X-linked inhibitor of apoptosis protein (XIAP) associated with the anti-apoptotic function.
More importantly, the bioactive compound was found to deactivate the antiapoptotic proteins associated with cellular survival and radioresistance and radiosensitized pituitary adenoma cells.
The findings indicated that the chemical compound inhibited the onset and progression of pituitary adenomas by promoting cell cycle arrest, cancer apoptosis, and programming cell death through some known and unknown mechanisms.
Taken all together, Anacardic acids may be used for the prevention and treatment of pituitary adenomas with no side effects, pending to the result of the larger sample size and multicenter human study.
Natural Medicine for Fatty Liver And Obesity Reversal - The Revolutionary Findings To Achieve Optimal Health And Lose Weight
How To Get Rid Of Eye Floaters
Contrary To Professional Prediction, Floaters Can Be Cured Naturally
Ovarian Cysts And PCOS Elimination
Holistic System In Existence That Will Show You How To
Permanently Eliminate All Types of Ovarian Cysts Within 2 Months
Back to Kyle J. Norton's Homepage http://kylejnorton.blogspot.ca
Author Biography
Kyle J. Norton (Scholar, Master of Nutrition, All rights reserved)
Health article writer and researcher; Over 10,000 articles and research papers have been written and published online, including worldwide health, ezine articles, article base, health blog, self-growth, Best Before it's news, the karate GB Daily, etc.,.
Named TOP 50 MEDICAL ESSAYS FOR ARTISTS & AUTHORS TO READ by Disilgold.com Named 50 of the best health Tweeters Canada - Huffington Post
Nominated for Shorty Award over last 4 years
Some articles have been used as references in medical research, such as the international journal Pharma and Bioscience, ISSN 0975-6299.
Reference
(1) Anacardic acid induces caspase-independent apoptosis and radiosensitizes pituitary adenoma cells by Sukumari-Ramesh S, Singh N, Jensen MA, Dhandapani KM, Vender JR.(PubMed)
Scientists may have found a natural ingredient for the prevention and treatment of pituitary adenomas with no side effects, according to studies.
Anacardic acids are phenolic lipids, phytochemicals of the organic acid found abundantly in cashews, mangoes, etc.
Pituitary adenomas are noncancerous tumors that occur in the pituitary gland.
A pituitary tumor has a negative and strong implication for the production of the thyroid-stimulating hormone, leading to a rare case of hyperthyroidism which normally induces unintentional weight loss.
Most cases of pituitary adenomas start in the cell of the inner lining of the tissue of the pituitary gland, due to the alternation of DNA. The tumor is well contained in the gland with no tendency to spread.
At the early stage, patients with benign tumors do not experience any symptoms. However, when the tumor grows larger, it may suppress the healthy tissue in the gland or nearby nerve cells, leading to symptoms of headache, vision loss, and severe pain.
Epidemiological studies suggested that depending on the stage of the pituitary tumor, patients can experience hormone overproduction and hormone deficiency, leading to certain hormonal-related diseases.
Depending on the size of the tumor and its effect on the patient's health, surgery may be the only option, if the tumor is pressing on the optic nerves or overproducing certain hormones.
In the concern of morbidity and complication of therapy in patients with pituitary adenomas, researchers examined the effect of anacardic acids, a natural histone acetyltransferase inhibitor, on pituitary adenoma cells.
Epidemiological studies suggested that the progression of the benign pituitary tumor, if not treated, is a prevalent risk factor for the onset of malignant tumor pathogenesis.
Injection of anacardic acid exerted a significant anti-antiproliferative and cytotoxic effect on pituitary adenoma cells.
According to the flow cytometry and Western blotting assays, anacardic acid inhibition of the tested cell line was associated with an increase the functions of the protein involved in a number of cellular processes in programming cell death and through cell cycle arrest on the G1 phase.
The marker used to detect cancer cell apoptosis, Annexin A5 (or annexin V), a cellular protein in the annexin group also increased after injecting the cancer cell with Anacardic acids.
In vitro and in vivo researchers found that administration of a pan-caspase inhibitor that irreversibly inhibits enzymatic function and is effective in blocking apoptosis in a variety of cell types under normal conditions has failed to reverse anacardic acid-induced cell death.
These results suggested that the bioactive induced cancer cell apoptosis through a possible nonclassical mechanism.
Furthermore, Anacardic acid the anti-cancer effect also suppressed the function of the survivin protein functions to exhibit negative regulation of apoptosis or programmed cell death and X-linked inhibitor of apoptosis protein (XIAP) associated with the anti-apoptotic function.
More importantly, the bioactive compound was found to deactivate the antiapoptotic proteins associated with cellular survival and radioresistance and radiosensitized pituitary adenoma cells.
The findings indicated that the chemical compound inhibited the onset and progression of pituitary adenomas by promoting cell cycle arrest, cancer apoptosis, and programming cell death through some known and unknown mechanisms.
Taken all together, Anacardic acids may be used for the prevention and treatment of pituitary adenomas with no side effects, pending to the result of the larger sample size and multicenter human study.
Natural Medicine for Fatty Liver And Obesity Reversal - The Revolutionary Findings To Achieve Optimal Health And Lose Weight
How To Get Rid Of Eye Floaters
Contrary To Professional Prediction, Floaters Can Be Cured Naturally
Ovarian Cysts And PCOS Elimination
Holistic System In Existence That Will Show You How To
Permanently Eliminate All Types of Ovarian Cysts Within 2 Months
Back to Kyle J. Norton's Homepage http://kylejnorton.blogspot.ca
Author Biography
Kyle J. Norton (Scholar, Master of Nutrition, All rights reserved)
Health article writer and researcher; Over 10,000 articles and research papers have been written and published online, including worldwide health, ezine articles, article base, health blog, self-growth, Best Before it's news, the karate GB Daily, etc.,.
Named TOP 50 MEDICAL ESSAYS FOR ARTISTS & AUTHORS TO READ by Disilgold.com Named 50 of the best health Tweeters Canada - Huffington Post
Nominated for Shorty Award over last 4 years
Some articles have been used as references in medical research, such as the international journal Pharma and Bioscience, ISSN 0975-6299.
Reference
(1) Anacardic acid induces caspase-independent apoptosis and radiosensitizes pituitary adenoma cells by Sukumari-Ramesh S, Singh N, Jensen MA, Dhandapani KM, Vender JR.(PubMed)
#Phytochemical Lycopene Detoxes the Liver Against Toxicity through Its Antioxidant Activity, Researchers Say
Kyle J. Norton
Human toxicity is a general term that refers to any substance that causes harm to human health if inhaled, ingested, or absorbed through the skin.
Liver toxicity is a process that causes liver damage by reducing the function of the liver.
Liver oxidative stress caused by a toxic substance such as an overdose of the supplement has been found to constitute most cases of acute liver damage.
The liver is the largest internal organ that not only filters the blood from the digestive system before passing it to other parts of the body but also plays a critical role in the production of cholesterol, a waxy substance that aids digestion, builds cell membranes, and produces vitamin D and steroid hormones.
Liver stress is a condition in which the function of the liver is partly reduced. Hepatic stress can be observed by the levels of liver stress-makers, including transaminases aspartate transaminase (AST) and alanine transaminase (ALT).
Abnormal high levels of transaminases aspartate transaminase (AST) and alanine transaminase (ALT) are early indications of liver damage or injury.
Epidemiologically, drugs that induce liver injury are nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), anti-infective drugs (anti-tubercular drugs), anti-cancer drugs, hormonal drugs, immunosuppressive agents, and sedative and neuropsychiatric drugs.
Acetaminophen according to study is the most form of medication that implicates drug-induced liver injury
However, antibiotics are the class of drugs that cause liver toxicity most commonly
Conventionally, treatment of liver toxicity is totally depending on the types of inducers, including
* Management of drug-induced liver injury by discontinuing the suspected drug.
* Acetaminophen poisoning is treated by antidote N-acetylcysteine.
* Glucocorticoids are used for the treatment of immune-mediated drug-induced liver injury.
And,
* Intravenous N- N-acetylcysteine is used for the treatment of non-acetaminophen-related acute liver failure
Lycopene is a phytochemical in the class of carotenoid, a natural pigment with no vitamin A activity found abundantly in tomatoes and other red fruits and vegetables, such as red carrots, watermelons, and papayas,
Tomatoes provide about 80% of the lycopene in the world's diet. In plants, lycopene protects the host against excessive photodamage and performs various functions in photosynthesis.
In finding a potential compound for the prevention of liver injury, researchers investigated the potential oxidative damage of 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD) in hepatic microsomal fractions in an animal model.
The study included rat liver microsomes that were divided into four groups.
* Group I served as a control and is incubated with vehicle (toluene).
* Groups II and IV incubated with 20 ĀµM lycopene for 1 h before further incubating; and
* Groups III and IV with 15 nM of TCDD for a further 1 h.
Based on the tested analysis, groups treated by TCDD showed a significant increase in liver oxidative stress observed by increasing levels of Hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) production, lipid peroxidation (LPO),
Protein carbonyl content and activities of uridine 5'-diphospho-glucuronyltransferase (UDPGT) and P450 associated with liver damage also increased substantially in the TCDD treatment groups.
Furthermore, the activity of antioxidant enzymes superoxide dismutase, glutathione peroxidase, catalase, glutathione-S-transferase, and glutathione reductase and the microsomal thiol content produced by the rat liver microsomes were significantly decreased in the TCDD treament groups.
Lycopene treatment group IV not only normalized the activities of the enzymes, thiol and carbonyl content but also significantly reduced LPO and H2O2 production.
These results suggested that TCDD induced liver toxicity by increasing the levels of free radicals and decreasing the antioxidant activity in rat liver microsomes.
Based on the findings, researchers concluded, "TCDD induces significant oxidative stress in liver microsomes as manifested by increased LPO, H2O2 production, protein carbonyl content and activities of UDPGT and P450 and decreased antioxidant enzymes activities and thiol content".
Taken together, lycopene found in tomatoes may be considered a supplement for the prevention and treatment of liver toxicity, pending the confirmation of the larger sample size and multicenter human study.
Intake of lycopene in the form of supplements should be taken with extreme care to prevent overdose acute liver toxicity.
Natural Medicine for Fatty Liver And Obesity Reversal - The Revolutionary Findings To Achieve Optimal Health And Lose Weight
How To Get Rid Of Eye Floaters
Contrary To Professional Prediction, Floaters Can Be Cured Naturally
Ovarian Cysts And PCOS Elimination
Holistic System In Existence That Will Show You How To
Permanently Eliminate All Types of Ovarian Cysts Within 2 Months
Back to Kyle J. Norton Homepage http://kylejnorton.blogspot.ca
Author Biography
Kyle J. Norton (Scholar, Master of Nutrition, All right reserved)
Health article writer and researcher; Over 10.000 articles and research papers have been written and published online, including worldwide health, ezine articles, article base, health blogs, self-growth, Best Before it's news, the karate GB Daily, etc.,.
Named TOP 50 MEDICAL ESSAYS FOR ARTISTS & AUTHORS TO READ by Disilgold.com Named 50 of the best health Tweeters Canada - Huffington Post
Nominated for Shorty Award over last 4 years
Some articles have been used as references in medical research, such as international journal Pharma and Bioscience, ISSN 0975-6299.
Sources
(1) Lycopene: Hepatoprotective and Antioxidant Effects toward Bisphenol A-Induced Toxicity in Female Wistar Rats by Abdel-Rahman HG1, Abdelrazek HMA2, Zeidan DW3, Mohamed RM4, Abdelazim AM. (PubMed)
(2) Ameliorative effect of lycopene against 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin-induced rat liver microsomal toxicity: an in vitro study by Aly HA1, El-Shitany NA2, El-Beshbishy HA3, Ashour OM. (PubMed)
(3) Liver Toxicity by Anam Bashir, and Dhruv Mehta. (NCBI)
Human toxicity is a general term that refers to any substance that causes harm to human health if inhaled, ingested, or absorbed through the skin.
Liver toxicity is a process that causes liver damage by reducing the function of the liver.
Liver oxidative stress caused by a toxic substance such as an overdose of the supplement has been found to constitute most cases of acute liver damage.
The liver is the largest internal organ that not only filters the blood from the digestive system before passing it to other parts of the body but also plays a critical role in the production of cholesterol, a waxy substance that aids digestion, builds cell membranes, and produces vitamin D and steroid hormones.
Liver stress is a condition in which the function of the liver is partly reduced. Hepatic stress can be observed by the levels of liver stress-makers, including transaminases aspartate transaminase (AST) and alanine transaminase (ALT).
Abnormal high levels of transaminases aspartate transaminase (AST) and alanine transaminase (ALT) are early indications of liver damage or injury.
Epidemiologically, drugs that induce liver injury are nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), anti-infective drugs (anti-tubercular drugs), anti-cancer drugs, hormonal drugs, immunosuppressive agents, and sedative and neuropsychiatric drugs.
Acetaminophen according to study is the most form of medication that implicates drug-induced liver injury
However, antibiotics are the class of drugs that cause liver toxicity most commonly
Conventionally, treatment of liver toxicity is totally depending on the types of inducers, including
* Management of drug-induced liver injury by discontinuing the suspected drug.
* Acetaminophen poisoning is treated by antidote N-acetylcysteine.
* Glucocorticoids are used for the treatment of immune-mediated drug-induced liver injury.
And,
* Intravenous N- N-acetylcysteine is used for the treatment of non-acetaminophen-related acute liver failure
Lycopene is a phytochemical in the class of carotenoid, a natural pigment with no vitamin A activity found abundantly in tomatoes and other red fruits and vegetables, such as red carrots, watermelons, and papayas,
Tomatoes provide about 80% of the lycopene in the world's diet. In plants, lycopene protects the host against excessive photodamage and performs various functions in photosynthesis.
In finding a potential compound for the prevention of liver injury, researchers investigated the potential oxidative damage of 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD) in hepatic microsomal fractions in an animal model.
The study included rat liver microsomes that were divided into four groups.
* Group I served as a control and is incubated with vehicle (toluene).
* Groups II and IV incubated with 20 ĀµM lycopene for 1 h before further incubating; and
* Groups III and IV with 15 nM of TCDD for a further 1 h.
Based on the tested analysis, groups treated by TCDD showed a significant increase in liver oxidative stress observed by increasing levels of Hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) production, lipid peroxidation (LPO),
Protein carbonyl content and activities of uridine 5'-diphospho-glucuronyltransferase (UDPGT) and P450 associated with liver damage also increased substantially in the TCDD treatment groups.
Furthermore, the activity of antioxidant enzymes superoxide dismutase, glutathione peroxidase, catalase, glutathione-S-transferase, and glutathione reductase and the microsomal thiol content produced by the rat liver microsomes were significantly decreased in the TCDD treament groups.
Lycopene treatment group IV not only normalized the activities of the enzymes, thiol and carbonyl content but also significantly reduced LPO and H2O2 production.
These results suggested that TCDD induced liver toxicity by increasing the levels of free radicals and decreasing the antioxidant activity in rat liver microsomes.
Based on the findings, researchers concluded, "TCDD induces significant oxidative stress in liver microsomes as manifested by increased LPO, H2O2 production, protein carbonyl content and activities of UDPGT and P450 and decreased antioxidant enzymes activities and thiol content".
Taken together, lycopene found in tomatoes may be considered a supplement for the prevention and treatment of liver toxicity, pending the confirmation of the larger sample size and multicenter human study.
Intake of lycopene in the form of supplements should be taken with extreme care to prevent overdose acute liver toxicity.
Natural Medicine for Fatty Liver And Obesity Reversal - The Revolutionary Findings To Achieve Optimal Health And Lose Weight
How To Get Rid Of Eye Floaters
Contrary To Professional Prediction, Floaters Can Be Cured Naturally
Ovarian Cysts And PCOS Elimination
Holistic System In Existence That Will Show You How To
Permanently Eliminate All Types of Ovarian Cysts Within 2 Months
Back to Kyle J. Norton Homepage http://kylejnorton.blogspot.ca
Author Biography
Kyle J. Norton (Scholar, Master of Nutrition, All right reserved)
Health article writer and researcher; Over 10.000 articles and research papers have been written and published online, including worldwide health, ezine articles, article base, health blogs, self-growth, Best Before it's news, the karate GB Daily, etc.,.
Named TOP 50 MEDICAL ESSAYS FOR ARTISTS & AUTHORS TO READ by Disilgold.com Named 50 of the best health Tweeters Canada - Huffington Post
Nominated for Shorty Award over last 4 years
Some articles have been used as references in medical research, such as international journal Pharma and Bioscience, ISSN 0975-6299.
Sources
(1) Lycopene: Hepatoprotective and Antioxidant Effects toward Bisphenol A-Induced Toxicity in Female Wistar Rats by Abdel-Rahman HG1, Abdelrazek HMA2, Zeidan DW3, Mohamed RM4, Abdelazim AM. (PubMed)
(2) Ameliorative effect of lycopene against 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin-induced rat liver microsomal toxicity: an in vitro study by Aly HA1, El-Shitany NA2, El-Beshbishy HA3, Ashour OM. (PubMed)
(3) Liver Toxicity by Anam Bashir, and Dhruv Mehta. (NCBI)
#Garlic Skin and Flesh Extracts Protect the Heart Against Cardiomyocyte Hypertrophy, According to Studies
Kyle J. Norton
Cardiomyocyte hypertrophy is a medical condition of the thickening of the heart muscle, leading to reduced function of the heart in pumping blood throughout the body.
The heart muscles make up the bulk of the heart’s mass and control the heartbeat with high contractile strength and endurance.
Cardiac muscle also has a unique function to regulate heart performance by spreading electrochemical signals to all cells in the heart.
Damage to the heart muscle has been found to induce blood vessel diseases, such as coronary artery disease; and heart rhythm problems (arrhythmias).
In some cases, head muscle-associated diseases also are found in patients with congenital heart defects.
Symptoms include breathlessness with exertion or at rest, legs, ankles, and feet swelling. persistent fatigue, dizziness, lightheadedness, and fainting, particularly, in the symptoms of irregular heartbeats.
Conventionally, treatment of diseases associated with cardiomyocyte hypertrophy depending on the types of heart disease, includes lowering blood pressure medication such as ACE inhibitors; lowering the heart rate, such as beta-blockers, normalizing heart beating, and balancing electrolytes in the body.
Making a healthy lifestyle change and moderate exercise may also be recommended by your doctor.
Out of many risk factors associated with the onset of cardiomyocyte hypertrophy, smoking can be considered one of the major prevalent factors.
Dr. Moustafa Al Hariri,, the lead scientist wrote, "Cardiovascular diseases are the leading causes of morbidity and mortality worldwide. Cigarette smoking remains a global health epidemic with associated detrimental effects on the cardiovascular system".
, "(According to the results of the study) cigarette smoking exposure is associated with significant cardiovascular pathology such as cardiac hypertrophy, inflammation, pro-fibrotic, and atherogenic markers and aortic calcification in an animal model as assessed 1-month post-exposure".
Alliin (S-allyl-L-cysteine-S-oxide) is a phytochemical compound sulfoxide, a derivative of the amino acid cysteine, belonging to the class of sulfur compounds, found abundantly in fresh garlic and onion.
In the urgency to discover a natural compound for the treatment of heart disease, researchers examined alliin, the main constituent found in garlic in the prevention of cardiomyocyte hypertrophy and cell death.
The study included adult rat cardiomyocytes induced hypertrophy by Norepinephrine (NE) pretreated with garlic skin and flesh extracts.
Before the treatment of garlic skin and flesh extracts, exposure of cardiomyocytes to NE induced an increase in cell size and cell death, an indication of cardiomyocyte hypertrophy.
This increase in cardiomyocyte hypertrophy and cell death was prevented significantly upon treatment with garlic skin and flesh extracts.
Furthermore, the increased cell apoptosis and oxidative stress in cardiomyocytes by norepinephrine were also inhibited by the presence of the extract.
In the constituent analysis, the efficacy of anti cardiomyocyte hypertrophy and cell death may be attributed to the concentration of allicin and alliin.
In order to reveal more information about the alliin anti cardiomyocyte hypertrophy, the team from the SASTRA-Deemed University investigated the preventive effect of S-allyl cysteine sulfoxide (SACS) in isoproterenol (ISO)-induced myocardial ischemia in male Wistar rats.
The selected rats were pretreated with SACS (40 and 80 mg kg(-1) body-weight) for 5 weeks. After the treatment period, followed by the ISO (150 mg kg(-1) body weight) was administered subcutaneously at intervals of 24 h for 2 days.
According to the tested assays, oral pretreatment with SACS significantly decreased the activity of HMG CoA reductase associated with the production of cholesterol and other isoprenoids and significantly increased the activity of LCAT involved in converting free cholesterol into cholesteryl ester in ISO-induced rats.
Futhermore, pretreatment with SACS significantly decreased the levels of lipid peroxides in ISO-treated rats.
From a concentration perspective, a dose of 80 mg kg(-1) body weight was more effective in normalizing all the biochemical parameters compared to the dose of 40 mg kg(-1) body weight.
In other words, alliin inhibited the onset of myocardial ischemia caused by isoproterenol (ISO) in a dose-dependent manner, in vitro and in vivo.
Taken altogether, alliin may be considered a supplement for the prevention and treatment of cardiomyocyte hypertrophy, pending the confirmation of the larger sample size and multicenter human study.
Intake of alliin in the form of supplements should be taken with extreme care to prevent overdose acute liver toxicity.
Natural Medicine for Fatty Liver And Obesity Reversal - The Revolutionary Findings To Achieve Optimal Health And Lose Weight
How To Get Rid Of Eye Floaters
Contrary To Professional Prediction, Floaters Can Be Cured Naturally
Ovarian Cysts And PCOS Elimination
Holistic System In Existence That Will Show You How To
Permanently Eliminate All Types of Ovarian Cysts Within 2 Months
Back to Kyle J. Norton's Homepage http://kylejnorton.blogspot.ca
Author Biography
Kyle J. Norton (Scholar, Master of Nutrition, All right reserved)
Health article writer and researcher; Over 10.000 articles and research papers have been written and published online, including worldwide health, ezine articles, article base, health blogs, self-growth, Best Before it's news, the karate GB Daily, etc.,.
Named TOP 50 MEDICAL ESSAYS FOR ARTISTS & AUTHORS TO READ by Disilgold.com Named 50 of the best health Tweeters Canada - Huffington Post
Nominated for Shorty Award over last 4 years
Some articles have been used as references in medical research, such as the international journal Pharma and Bioscience, ISSN 0975-6299.
Sources
Garlic extracts prevent oxidative stress, hypertrophy and apoptosis in cardiomyocytes: a role for nitric oxide and hydrogen sulfide by Louis XL1, Murphy R, Thandapilly SJ, Yu L, Netticadan T. (PubMed)
(2) Preventive effect of S-allyl cysteine sulfoxide (alliin) on cardiac marker enzymes and lipids in isoproterenol-induced myocardial injury by Sangeetha T1, Darlin Quine S. (PubMed)
(3) Cigarette Smoking-Induced Cardiac Hypertrophy, Vascular Inflammation and Injury Are Attenuated by Antioxidant Supplementation in an Animal Model by Moustafa Al Hariri,1,† Kazem Zibara,2,3,† Wissam Farhat,2,† Yasmine Hashem,4Nadia Soudani,4,5 Farah Al Ibrahim,3 Eva Hamade,2,3 Asad Zeidan,4 Ahmad Husari,6,* andFiras Kobeissy. (PMC)
Cardiomyocyte hypertrophy is a medical condition of the thickening of the heart muscle, leading to reduced function of the heart in pumping blood throughout the body.
The heart muscles make up the bulk of the heart’s mass and control the heartbeat with high contractile strength and endurance.
Cardiac muscle also has a unique function to regulate heart performance by spreading electrochemical signals to all cells in the heart.
Damage to the heart muscle has been found to induce blood vessel diseases, such as coronary artery disease; and heart rhythm problems (arrhythmias).
In some cases, head muscle-associated diseases also are found in patients with congenital heart defects.
Symptoms include breathlessness with exertion or at rest, legs, ankles, and feet swelling. persistent fatigue, dizziness, lightheadedness, and fainting, particularly, in the symptoms of irregular heartbeats.
Conventionally, treatment of diseases associated with cardiomyocyte hypertrophy depending on the types of heart disease, includes lowering blood pressure medication such as ACE inhibitors; lowering the heart rate, such as beta-blockers, normalizing heart beating, and balancing electrolytes in the body.
Making a healthy lifestyle change and moderate exercise may also be recommended by your doctor.
Out of many risk factors associated with the onset of cardiomyocyte hypertrophy, smoking can be considered one of the major prevalent factors.
Dr. Moustafa Al Hariri,, the lead scientist wrote, "Cardiovascular diseases are the leading causes of morbidity and mortality worldwide. Cigarette smoking remains a global health epidemic with associated detrimental effects on the cardiovascular system".
, "(According to the results of the study) cigarette smoking exposure is associated with significant cardiovascular pathology such as cardiac hypertrophy, inflammation, pro-fibrotic, and atherogenic markers and aortic calcification in an animal model as assessed 1-month post-exposure".
Alliin (S-allyl-L-cysteine-S-oxide) is a phytochemical compound sulfoxide, a derivative of the amino acid cysteine, belonging to the class of sulfur compounds, found abundantly in fresh garlic and onion.
In the urgency to discover a natural compound for the treatment of heart disease, researchers examined alliin, the main constituent found in garlic in the prevention of cardiomyocyte hypertrophy and cell death.
The study included adult rat cardiomyocytes induced hypertrophy by Norepinephrine (NE) pretreated with garlic skin and flesh extracts.
Before the treatment of garlic skin and flesh extracts, exposure of cardiomyocytes to NE induced an increase in cell size and cell death, an indication of cardiomyocyte hypertrophy.
This increase in cardiomyocyte hypertrophy and cell death was prevented significantly upon treatment with garlic skin and flesh extracts.
Furthermore, the increased cell apoptosis and oxidative stress in cardiomyocytes by norepinephrine were also inhibited by the presence of the extract.
In the constituent analysis, the efficacy of anti cardiomyocyte hypertrophy and cell death may be attributed to the concentration of allicin and alliin.
In order to reveal more information about the alliin anti cardiomyocyte hypertrophy, the team from the SASTRA-Deemed University investigated the preventive effect of S-allyl cysteine sulfoxide (SACS) in isoproterenol (ISO)-induced myocardial ischemia in male Wistar rats.
The selected rats were pretreated with SACS (40 and 80 mg kg(-1) body-weight) for 5 weeks. After the treatment period, followed by the ISO (150 mg kg(-1) body weight) was administered subcutaneously at intervals of 24 h for 2 days.
According to the tested assays, oral pretreatment with SACS significantly decreased the activity of HMG CoA reductase associated with the production of cholesterol and other isoprenoids and significantly increased the activity of LCAT involved in converting free cholesterol into cholesteryl ester in ISO-induced rats.
Futhermore, pretreatment with SACS significantly decreased the levels of lipid peroxides in ISO-treated rats.
From a concentration perspective, a dose of 80 mg kg(-1) body weight was more effective in normalizing all the biochemical parameters compared to the dose of 40 mg kg(-1) body weight.
In other words, alliin inhibited the onset of myocardial ischemia caused by isoproterenol (ISO) in a dose-dependent manner, in vitro and in vivo.
Taken altogether, alliin may be considered a supplement for the prevention and treatment of cardiomyocyte hypertrophy, pending the confirmation of the larger sample size and multicenter human study.
Intake of alliin in the form of supplements should be taken with extreme care to prevent overdose acute liver toxicity.
Natural Medicine for Fatty Liver And Obesity Reversal - The Revolutionary Findings To Achieve Optimal Health And Lose Weight
How To Get Rid Of Eye Floaters
Contrary To Professional Prediction, Floaters Can Be Cured Naturally
Ovarian Cysts And PCOS Elimination
Holistic System In Existence That Will Show You How To
Permanently Eliminate All Types of Ovarian Cysts Within 2 Months
Back to Kyle J. Norton's Homepage http://kylejnorton.blogspot.ca
Author Biography
Kyle J. Norton (Scholar, Master of Nutrition, All right reserved)
Health article writer and researcher; Over 10.000 articles and research papers have been written and published online, including worldwide health, ezine articles, article base, health blogs, self-growth, Best Before it's news, the karate GB Daily, etc.,.
Named TOP 50 MEDICAL ESSAYS FOR ARTISTS & AUTHORS TO READ by Disilgold.com Named 50 of the best health Tweeters Canada - Huffington Post
Nominated for Shorty Award over last 4 years
Some articles have been used as references in medical research, such as the international journal Pharma and Bioscience, ISSN 0975-6299.
Sources
Garlic extracts prevent oxidative stress, hypertrophy and apoptosis in cardiomyocytes: a role for nitric oxide and hydrogen sulfide by Louis XL1, Murphy R, Thandapilly SJ, Yu L, Netticadan T. (PubMed)
(2) Preventive effect of S-allyl cysteine sulfoxide (alliin) on cardiac marker enzymes and lipids in isoproterenol-induced myocardial injury by Sangeetha T1, Darlin Quine S. (PubMed)
(3) Cigarette Smoking-Induced Cardiac Hypertrophy, Vascular Inflammation and Injury Are Attenuated by Antioxidant Supplementation in an Animal Model by Moustafa Al Hariri,1,† Kazem Zibara,2,3,† Wissam Farhat,2,† Yasmine Hashem,4Nadia Soudani,4,5 Farah Al Ibrahim,3 Eva Hamade,2,3 Asad Zeidan,4 Ahmad Husari,6,* andFiras Kobeissy. (PMC)
#Phytochemical #Betanin Inhibits Pathological Damage and Markers Associated with Liver Toxicity, Researchers Suggest
Kyle J. Norton
Liver toxicity is a condition in which the liver is damaged due to an overdose of medicine or harmful substances.
In the US, the most common causes of liver toxicity are the results of the most common drug-induced liver injury including overdoses of acetaminophen.
Believe it or not, antibiotics are the class of drugs most commonly causing liver toxicity.
The liver is the largest internal organ that processes the function to filter out blood from the digestive tract before passing it to other parts of the body. Furthermore, the liver also produces cholesterol in a moderate amount which aids the digestive system in absorbing nutrients builds a strong cell wall, and produces vitamin D and steroid hormones.
However, overexpression in most cases caused by injection of fat from the dietary source can lead to plaque accumulating on the wall of the artery, leading to an increased risk of heart disease and stroke.
Liver damage can be hepatocellular caused by direct hepatotoxicity, or innate and adaptive immune responses, and cholestatic caused most commonly by the drug or the drug metabolite, or mixed.
Liver damage can lead to reduced function of liver hepatobiliary transporter systems that affect the bile formation and secretion of cholephilic substances and xenobiotics.
Acute liver toxicity can be cured if the cause is found. However, damage to the liver in some cases can be permanent, inducing the formation of irreversible scarring of liver tissue.
The most common symptoms of liver toxicity are jaundice, persistent itching, and abdominal pain.
Some patients may also experience symptoms of pain in the upper right portion of the abdomen fatigue, loss of appetite accompanied by gastrointestinal discomforts.
If you have some of the above symptoms, please check with your doctor to rule out the possibility.
Betanin is phytochemicals in the class of red and yellow indole-derived pigments of Betacyanins, belonging to the group of Betalains, found abundantly in beets, chard, etc.
With an aim to find a potential ingredient for the prevention of liver injury, researchers examined the protective effect of betanin (from natural pigments) against paraquat-induced liver injury in Sprague-Dawley rats.
Selected rats induced liver toxicity intraperitoneally, were randomly divided into four groups: a control group, a paraquat group, and two groups that received betanin at doses of 25 and 100mg/kg/day three days before and two days after they were administered paraquat.
Rats injected with paraquat showed a significant liver injury observed by the elevated levels of liver oxidative stress markers including serum aspartate aminotransferase and alanine aminotransferase levels.
Furthermore tested rats also led to oxidative stress, liver toxicity observed by the increased levels of increase of cytochrome P450 3A2 mRNA expression and histological changes of mitochondria, including mitochondrial damage, indicated by mitochondrial membrane swelling.
Moreover, the levels of protein-associated liver cell death also increased compared to the reduced mitochondrial cytochrome C due to cytochrome c release.
Administration of betanin inhibited the pathological damage and all of the above-mentioned markers.
In other words, paraquat rats treated with betanin showed lesser pathological damage compared to those of the untreated groups.
Based on the findings, researchers wrote, " Betanin had a protective effect against paraquat-induced liver damage in rats".
In order to reveal additional information about betanin anti-liver toxicity, scientists assessed whether betanin (a natural pigment) is able to mitigate some OPs-induced hepatotoxicity in primary rat hepatocytes.
According to the tested assays from observation of mitochondrial depolarization as toxicity markers., administration of betanin (25Ī¼M) in tested rats significantly increased cell viability, inhibited the ROS formation and LPO, restored the levels of the cellular antioxidant glutathione (GSH) produced by the host.
Furthermore, followed by the treatment of chlorpyrifos (CPF) (300Ī¼M), diazinon (DZN) (600Ī¼M) and dichlrovos (DDVP) (400Ī¼M) treatment, betanin exerted strongly mitochondrial protection against liver toxicity.
Collectively, Dr. Ahmadian E, the lead scientist said, "potential protective role of betanin in OPs-induced hepatotoxicity in which the mechanism appears to be inhibition of ROS formation and mitochondrial protection".
Taken altogether, betanin may be considered a supplement for the prevention and treatment of liver toxicity, pending the confirmation of a larger sample size and multicenter human study.
Intake of betanin in the form of supplements should be taken with extreme care to prevent overdose acute liver toxicity.
Natural Medicine for Fatty And Obesity Reversal - The Revolutionary Findings To Achieve Optimal Health And Lose Weight
How To Get Rid Of Eye Floaters
Contrary To Professional Prediction, Floaters Can Be Cured Naturally
Ovarian Cysts And PCOS Elimination
Holistic System In Existence That Will Show You How To
Permanently Eliminate All Types of Ovarian Cysts Within 2 Months
Back to Kyle J. Norton's Homepage http://kylejnorton.blogspot.ca
Author Biography
Kyle J. Norton (Scholar, Master of Nutrition, All rights reserved)
Health article writer and researcher; Over 10,000 articles and research papers have been written and published online, including worldwide health, ezine articles, article base, health blogs, self-growth, Best Before it's news, the karate GB Daily, etc.,.
Named TOP 50 MEDICAL ESSAYS FOR ARTISTS & AUTHORS TO READ by Disilgold.com Named 50 of the best health Tweeters Canada - Huffington Post
Nominated for Shorty Award over last 4 years
Some articles have been used as references in medical research, such as the international journal Pharma and Bioscience, ISSN 0975-6299.
Sources
(1) Betanin attenuates paraquat-induced liver toxicity through a mitochondrial pathway by Han J1, Zhang Z2, Yang S2, Wang J2, Yang X2, Tan D. (PubMhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24799198ed)
(2) Betanin reduces organophosphate induced cytotoxicity in primary hepatocyte via an anti-oxidative and mitochondrial dependent pathway by Ahmadian E1, Khosroushahi AY2, Eghbal MA, Eftekhari A. (PubMed)
Liver toxicity is a condition in which the liver is damaged due to an overdose of medicine or harmful substances.
In the US, the most common causes of liver toxicity are the results of the most common drug-induced liver injury including overdoses of acetaminophen.
Believe it or not, antibiotics are the class of drugs most commonly causing liver toxicity.
The liver is the largest internal organ that processes the function to filter out blood from the digestive tract before passing it to other parts of the body. Furthermore, the liver also produces cholesterol in a moderate amount which aids the digestive system in absorbing nutrients builds a strong cell wall, and produces vitamin D and steroid hormones.
However, overexpression in most cases caused by injection of fat from the dietary source can lead to plaque accumulating on the wall of the artery, leading to an increased risk of heart disease and stroke.
Liver damage can be hepatocellular caused by direct hepatotoxicity, or innate and adaptive immune responses, and cholestatic caused most commonly by the drug or the drug metabolite, or mixed.
Liver damage can lead to reduced function of liver hepatobiliary transporter systems that affect the bile formation and secretion of cholephilic substances and xenobiotics.
Acute liver toxicity can be cured if the cause is found. However, damage to the liver in some cases can be permanent, inducing the formation of irreversible scarring of liver tissue.
The most common symptoms of liver toxicity are jaundice, persistent itching, and abdominal pain.
Some patients may also experience symptoms of pain in the upper right portion of the abdomen fatigue, loss of appetite accompanied by gastrointestinal discomforts.
If you have some of the above symptoms, please check with your doctor to rule out the possibility.
Betanin is phytochemicals in the class of red and yellow indole-derived pigments of Betacyanins, belonging to the group of Betalains, found abundantly in beets, chard, etc.
With an aim to find a potential ingredient for the prevention of liver injury, researchers examined the protective effect of betanin (from natural pigments) against paraquat-induced liver injury in Sprague-Dawley rats.
Selected rats induced liver toxicity intraperitoneally, were randomly divided into four groups: a control group, a paraquat group, and two groups that received betanin at doses of 25 and 100mg/kg/day three days before and two days after they were administered paraquat.
Rats injected with paraquat showed a significant liver injury observed by the elevated levels of liver oxidative stress markers including serum aspartate aminotransferase and alanine aminotransferase levels.
Furthermore tested rats also led to oxidative stress, liver toxicity observed by the increased levels of increase of cytochrome P450 3A2 mRNA expression and histological changes of mitochondria, including mitochondrial damage, indicated by mitochondrial membrane swelling.
Moreover, the levels of protein-associated liver cell death also increased compared to the reduced mitochondrial cytochrome C due to cytochrome c release.
Administration of betanin inhibited the pathological damage and all of the above-mentioned markers.
In other words, paraquat rats treated with betanin showed lesser pathological damage compared to those of the untreated groups.
Based on the findings, researchers wrote, " Betanin had a protective effect against paraquat-induced liver damage in rats".
In order to reveal additional information about betanin anti-liver toxicity, scientists assessed whether betanin (a natural pigment) is able to mitigate some OPs-induced hepatotoxicity in primary rat hepatocytes.
According to the tested assays from observation of mitochondrial depolarization as toxicity markers., administration of betanin (25Ī¼M) in tested rats significantly increased cell viability, inhibited the ROS formation and LPO, restored the levels of the cellular antioxidant glutathione (GSH) produced by the host.
Furthermore, followed by the treatment of chlorpyrifos (CPF) (300Ī¼M), diazinon (DZN) (600Ī¼M) and dichlrovos (DDVP) (400Ī¼M) treatment, betanin exerted strongly mitochondrial protection against liver toxicity.
Collectively, Dr. Ahmadian E, the lead scientist said, "potential protective role of betanin in OPs-induced hepatotoxicity in which the mechanism appears to be inhibition of ROS formation and mitochondrial protection".
Taken altogether, betanin may be considered a supplement for the prevention and treatment of liver toxicity, pending the confirmation of a larger sample size and multicenter human study.
Intake of betanin in the form of supplements should be taken with extreme care to prevent overdose acute liver toxicity.
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Author Biography
Kyle J. Norton (Scholar, Master of Nutrition, All rights reserved)
Health article writer and researcher; Over 10,000 articles and research papers have been written and published online, including worldwide health, ezine articles, article base, health blogs, self-growth, Best Before it's news, the karate GB Daily, etc.,.
Named TOP 50 MEDICAL ESSAYS FOR ARTISTS & AUTHORS TO READ by Disilgold.com Named 50 of the best health Tweeters Canada - Huffington Post
Nominated for Shorty Award over last 4 years
Some articles have been used as references in medical research, such as the international journal Pharma and Bioscience, ISSN 0975-6299.
Sources
(1) Betanin attenuates paraquat-induced liver toxicity through a mitochondrial pathway by Han J1, Zhang Z2, Yang S2, Wang J2, Yang X2, Tan D. (PubMhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24799198ed)
(2) Betanin reduces organophosphate induced cytotoxicity in primary hepatocyte via an anti-oxidative and mitochondrial dependent pathway by Ahmadian E1, Khosroushahi AY2, Eghbal MA, Eftekhari A. (PubMed)
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