#Phytochemical #Polysulfides Inhibits #ColonCancer by Reducing Cell Viability, Cell Cycle Arrest, and Apoptosis, According to Studies

Kyle J. Norton

Polysulfides are phytochemicals in a class of chemical compounds containing chains of sulfur atoms, belonging to the group of Organosulfides found abundantly in the oxidized product, including beer, wine, whiskey, garlic oil, etc.

Bowel cancer also known as colorectal cancer, is defined as a condition of the abnormal proliferation of cells in the colon, rectum, or vermiform appendix. The bowel is divided into 2 parts, the first part of the bowel, the small bowel, is involved with the digestion and absorption of food. The 2nd part, the large bowel which consists of the colon and rectum, is involved in the absorption of water from the small bowel contents and the breaking down of certain materials in the feces into substances some of them to be reabsorbed and reused by the body. Bowel cancer is relatively very common and slowly growing and progresses cancer in a predictable way.

Bowel cancer is the third most commonly diagnosed cancer in developed countries, including U>S and Canada.

According to the study of the University of the Saarland, coumarin polysulfides were shown to inhibit cell growth and induce apoptosis in HCT116 colon cancer cells, by regulating the phosphatase activity of the cell cycle regulating cdc25(Cell division cycle 25, a family of dual-specificity phosphatases) family members(1).

Diallyl sulfides, another family member of Garlic-derived organosulphur compounds, also inhibited HCT116 human colon cancer cells, through reduced cell viability, cell cycle arrest, and apoptosis(2) and colo 205 human colon cancer cells through affected resistant gene expression(3)

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Reference
(1) Coumarin polysulfides inhibit cell growth and induce apoptosis in HCT116 colon cancer cells by Saidu NE1, Valente S, Bana E, Kirsch G, Bagrel D, Montenarh M.(PubMed)
(2) Diallylpolysulfides induce growth arrest and apoptosis by Busch C1, Jacob C, Anwar A, Burkholz T, Aicha Ba L, Cerella C, Diederich M, Brandt W, Wessjohann L, Montenarh M.(PubMed)
(3). Diallyl sulfide, diallyl disulfide, and diallyl trisulfide affect drug-resistant gene expression in colo 205 human colon cancer cells in vitro and in vivo by Lai KC1, Kuo CL, Ho HC, Yang JS, Ma CY, Lu HF, Huang HY, Chueh FS, Yu CC, Chung JG.(PubMed)

#Phytochemical #Polysulfides Exhibit Anti #BreastCancer Proliferative Activity, Researchers Reveal

 Kyle J. Norton

Polysulfide, a bioactive and organic phytochemical found most in garlic and onion may have a strong effect in reducing the risk and treatment of breast cancer, some studies found.
Breast cancer is a medical condition characterized by irregular cell growth in the breast tissue. At the early stage, most breast cancer starts in the cell with alternated DNA on the surface of the breast's inner linings.

At the advanced stage, the breast cancer cell can travel a distance away from the original site to affect other healthy tissues and organs through the circulation of lymph and blood.

The exact causes of the alteration of breast cells' DNA are unknown. However, researchers do know that the genetic preposition of gene BRCA 1 and 2 are one of the major risk factors which are associated with 8% of breast cancer onset.

Unfortunately, women who carry the mutated genes BRCA 1 and 2 have a 60% increased risk of breast cancer.

Dr. Angèle S and colleagues in examining gene implication in the risk of breast cancer wrote, "Loss of heterozygosity in the region of the ATM gene on chromosome 11, has been found in about 40% of sporadic breast tumors. However, screening for ATM mutations in sporadic breast cancer cases, showing or no adverse effects to radiotherapy, has not revealed the magnitude of involvement of the ATM gene expected".


Furthermore, in the concerns of the unprecedented rise in obesity, and the health impact in elevated risk of chronic diseases, researchers at the joint study led by the Braman Family Breast Cancer Institute at Sylvester Comprehensive Cancer Center launched an investigation of "Obesity and adverse breast cancer risk and outcome".

The results were published in the medical literature online of the US National Library of Medicine and the National Institutes of Health.

In the final report, researchers wrote, "Obesity is associated both with a higher risk of developing breast cancer, particularly in postmenopausal women, and with worse disease outcome for women of all ages." and "increased physical activity is associated with lower breast cancer risk and better outcomes. The effects of recent lifestyle interventions to decrease sex steroids, insulin/insulin‐like growth factor‐1 pathway activation, and inflammatory biomarkers associated with worse breast cancer outcomes".

According to the statistics, in 2014, worldwide, more than 1.9 billion adults were overweight (body mass index [BMI], 25‐29.9 kg/m2), and of these, over 600 million were obese (BMI ≥30 kg/m2).

These results suggested, that following a healthy diet that has strong activity in promoting weight loss and a lifestyle with moderate exercise are the best methods to decrease the risk of breast cancer.

Early diagnosis with self-examination also reduced the risk of breast cancer onset and increased the rate of survival,


The 5 years survival rate of the early stage of breast cancer is 100%.


Polysulfides are phytochemicals in a class of chemical compounds containing chains of sulfur atoms, belonging to the group of Organosulfides found abundantly in the oxidized product, including beer, wine, whiskey, garlic oil, etc.

In the study to reaffirm the effects of organosulfur compounds (OSCs), naturally found in Allium vegetables, in suppressing the proliferation of various tumor cells, researchers at the Laboratoire d'Ingénierie Moléculaire et Biochimie Pharmacologique conducted an experiment to find the specific molecular mechanisms involved in OSC.

Polysulfides isolated from the organosulfur compounds demonstrated significant breast cancer antiproliferation.
The phytochemical also exerted an inhibitory activity through cell cycle arrest by targeting the cell division cycle (Cdc) 25 phosphatases which are crucial enzymes of the cell cycle.

The growth of both sensitive (MCF-7) and resistant (Vcr-R) human breast carcinoma cells was significantly decreased by polysulfides.

Furthermore, in the identification of agents that are non-toxic but can delay the onset and/or progression of breast cancer, by differentiating polysulfides, the garlic-derived organosulfur compounds (OSCs), a promising cancer chemopreventive constituent of garlic, on the growth of two cell lines respectively, MCF-7 human breast cancer cells and nontumorigenic MCF-12a mammary epithelial cells.


Application of garlic constituent polysulfides suppressed the viability of cultured MCF-7 and MCF-12a cells respectively by decreasing the percent of cells in G(2)/M and inducing apoptotic cell death.
Polysulfide-induced apoptosis was markedly elevated in MCF-7 cells compared with MCF-12a cells and this was correlated with elevated levels of cyclin B1, a program cell mediator.

Moreover, the application of the garlic-isolated compound also increased the expression of apoptotic and decreased the expression of proliferative enzymes and proteins in MCF-7 cells.


The results suggested that polysulfides displayed a strong anti-breast cancer effect through apoptotic and antiproliferative pathways.

Taken altogether, polysulfides including a class of chemical compounds containing chains of sulfur atoms may be considered a functional bioactive compound for the prevention of breast cancer and an adjunct supplement combined with primary treatment for breast cancer.

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Author Biography
Kyle J. Norton (Scholar, Master of Nutrition, All rights reserved)
Health article writer and researcher; Over 10,000 articles and research papers have been written and published online, including worldwide health, ezine articles, article base, health blogs, self-growth, Best Before it's news, the Karate GB daily, etc.,.
Named TOP 50 MEDICAL ESSAYS FOR ARTISTS & AUTHORS TO READ by Disilgold.com Named 50 of the best health Tweeters Canada - Huffington Post
Nominated for Shorty Award over last 4 years
Some articles have been used as references in medical research, such as the international journal Pharma and Bioscience, ISSN 0975-6299.


Sources
(1) The antiproliferative effect of natural tetrasulfides in human breast cancer cells is mediated through the inhibition of the cell division cycle 25 phosphatases by Viry E1, Anwar A, Kirsch G, Jacob C, Diederich M, Bagrel D.(PubMed)
(2) Garlic constituent diallyl trisulfide induced apoptosis in MCF7 human breast cancer cells by Malki A1, El-Saadani M, Sultan AS.(PubMed)
(3) The ATM gene and breast cancer: is it really a risk factor? by Angèle S1, Hall J.(PubMed)
(4) Obesity and adverse breast cancer risk and outcome: Mechanistic insights and strategies for intervention by Manuel Picon‐Ruiz, PhD, 1 Cynthia Morata‐Tarifa, PhD, 2 Janeiro J. Valle‐Goffin, MD, 3Eitan R. Friedman, MD, 4 and Joyce M. Slingerland, MD, PhD. (PMC)

#Phytochemical #Piperine Processes Antibiotic Activity, According to Studies

Kyle J. Norton

Phytochemical Piperine may be the next natural antibiotic in the prevention and treatment of infectious diseases with no side effects, some scientists suggested.
Phytochemicals, are the natural chemical constituents or pigmentation found in the outer layer of the plant with a unique function to protect the plants against diseases.

The immune system is the set of cells and their activity against antigens or infectious agents that comprise the body's defense system against diseases.

In bodily damage or injury, such as a cut, the immune system's first line of defense white blood cells stimulate the production of proinflammatory cytokines to the site of infection with an aim to defend our body against potential pathogens.

However, in most cases, the overproduction of proinflammatory cytokines can cause the death of the nearby healthy cells and improper healing of the wound with the formation of irreversible scars.

In severe cases, some proteins that process duo function as a pro and anti-inflammation response also switch to pro-inflammatory cytokines, leading to overproduction of the pro compared to anti-inflammatory cytokines in the body.

In the "Immunobiology: The Immune System in Health and Disease. 5th edition" which describes the stage of microbial infection wrote, "The process of infection can be broken down into stages, each of which can be blocked by different defense mechanisms. In the first stage, a new host is exposed to infectious particles shed by an infected individual" then " (the micro pathogens are) adhering to the epithelial surface, and then colonizing it, or penetrating it to replicate in the tissues. (However) Many microorganisms are repelled at this stage by innate immunity".

Further explanation of the infectious process, the author wrote, "Only when a microorganism has successfully established a site of infection in the host does disease occur, and little damage will be caused unless the agent is able to spread from the original site of infection or can secrete toxins that can spread to other parts of the body".

These results suggested that by enhancing the immune system through a healthy diet and lifestyle accompanied by moderate exercise, the risk of infectious diseases is decreased substantially.

Piperine is a phytochemical alkaloid in the class of organosulfur compounds, found abundantly in white and black pepper, and long pepper,...

Dr. Mirza ZM, the lead scientist at the University of Kashmir, in the study to reaffirm the effect of Piperine on the risk of bacterial infection, launched an investigation to examine the effects of the combination of piperine and mupirocin antimicrobial activity against Staphylococcus aureus strains including methicillin-resistant S. aureus.

In the first examination, the application of the combination effectively and markedly reduced the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of mupirocin and also lowered the mutation frequency.

The combination also enhanced the accumulation and efflux of ethidium bromide from wild-type and mutant (Mup(r)-1) strains, an indication of drug resistance, in the presence of piperine suggested that inhibition of efflux could be a possible exhibition of mupirocin activity by piperine.

Interestingly, in a dermal infection model of mice, the combination of piperine with mupirocin showed a strong significance compared to Vivo efficacy when compared with the commercially available formulation of 2 % mupirocin.

These results only reaffirm the antimicrobial activity when it is used alone or combined with other conventional medicine.

Additionally, in the study to further differentiate the effect of the combined use of piperine and other conventional medicine in bacterial straits, researchers found that
* Injection of piperine together with ciprofloxacin not only reduced the minimum inhibitory concentration MIC of ciprofloxacin without reducing the efficacy of the medicine but also prevented the bacterial resistance of ciprofloxacin Staphylococcus aureus, including methicillin-resistant S. aureus.

* The antibacterial resistance of piperine was found in the accumulation and decreased efflux of ethidium bromide in the wild-type and mutant (CIPr-1) strains when piperine was presented

Taken together, there is no doubt that piperine may be considered a functional supplement for the prevention of bacterial infection or combined with conventional medicine for the treatment of bacterial and nonbacterial resistance to infectious diseases.

Natural Medicine for Fatty Liver And Obesity Reversal - The Revolutionary Findings To Achieve Optimal Health And Lose Weight

How To Get Rid Of Eye Floaters
Contrary To Professional Prediction, Floaters Can Be Cured Naturally

Ovarian Cysts And PCOS Elimination
Holistic System In Existence That Will Show You How To
Permanently Eliminate All Types of Ovarian Cysts Within 2 Months

Back to Kyle J. Norton's Homepage http://kylejnorton.blogspot.ca


Author Biography
Kyle J. Norton (Scholar, Master of Nutrition, All rights reserved)
Health article writer and researcher; Over 10,000 articles and research papers have been written and published online, including worldwide health, ezine articles, article base, health blogs, self-growth, Best Before it's news, the Karate GB Daily, etc.,.
Named TOP 50 MEDICAL ESSAYS FOR ARTISTS & AUTHORS TO READ by Disilgold.com Named 50 of the best health Tweeters Canada - Huffington Post
Nominated for Shorty Award over last 4 years
Some articles have been used as references in medical research, such as the international journal Pharma and Bioscience, ISSN 0975-6299.

References
(1) Piperine as an inhibitor of the MdeA efflux pump of Staphylococcus aureus by Mirza ZM, Kumar A, Kalia NP, Zargar A, Khan IA. (PubMed)
(2) Piperine, a phytochemical potentiator of ciprofloxacin against Staphylococcus aureus by Khan IA, Mirza ZM, Kumar A, Verma V, Qazi GN.(PubMed)

#Chinese #Herbal #Decoction Improves Maximal expiratory Flow-Volume Curve (MEFV) in Asthmatic Patients, According to Studies

Kyle J. Norton

Pulmonary diseases are a class of disease associated with the lungs, including asthma, COPD, influenza, pneumonia and tuberculosis, and lung cancer.

Any disease involved in breathing problems such as shortness of breath, such as, especially during physical activities, wheezing, and chest tightness that reduces the function of the lung are pulmonary diseases.

Emphysema is a type of COPD with a long term and progressive condition that causes shortness of breath, depending on the stage of lung function associated with the damage of tissues of the air sacs (alveoli) in the lungs.

In other words, if the early onset of emphysema is inhibited, the risk of pulmonary diseases may be significantly decreased.

Emphysema is a type of COPD with a long term and progressive condition that causes shortness of breath, depending on the stage of lung function associated with the damage of tissues of the air sacs (alveoli) in the lungs.

The most common pulmonary diseases are
* Asthma
Asthma is a chronic inflammatory disease affecting the airway of the lung with recurring symptoms, such as wheezing, chest tightness, shortness of breath, and coughing.

* Pneumothorax
Pneumothorax is a condition of collection of air within the pleural cavity, from either the outside or from the lung, leading to shortness of breath.

* Bronchitis
Bronchitis is a medical condition associated with the inflammation of the mucous membranes of the bronchi, the larger and medium-sized airways that carry airflow from the trachea into the lung parenchyma.

* Chronic bronchitis
Chronic bronchitis is a chronic inflammation of the lung’s bronchi that causes the increased production of mucus in the lung associated with difficulty of breathing.

* Pneumonia
Pneumonia is a condition of the inflammation of the lung caused by bacteria, such as bacterial infection, Streptococcus pneumonia, or influenza viruses in most cases.


Coltsfoot(Tussilago farfara) is a perennial herbaceous plant, genus Tussilago, belonging to the family Asteraceae, native to Europe and Asia.

The herb has been used for thousands of years to treat asthma, various coughs, bronchial congestion, respiratory disorders, headaches obstruction in the nasal passage, etc.

In finding a potential compound for the treatment of lung disease associated with shortness of breath, researchers examined the effect of cranberry combined other Chinese medicine on the measurement of the maximal expiratory flow-volume curve (MEFV) in asthmatic patients.

The study included Chinese herbal decoction of the chiefly invigorating kidney including Viscum coloratum 15g, Psoralea corylifolia 15g, Eucommia ulmoides 15g, Lycium chinense 9g, Tussilago farfara 15g, Artemisia capillaris 9g, and Pogostemon cablin 9g as a daily dosage for 10 weeks.

According to the results of the measurement of the MEFV curve changes before and after treatment, the decoction improved different parameters of MEFV to some extent.

After 10 weeks of treatment, the decoction showed a significant effect that reverse airway obstruction of asthmatics in the convalescent stage.

By inhibiting the early stage of airway obstruction of asthmatics, cranberry combined with other Chinese medicine can prevent the onset of emphysema.

Based on the findings, researchers said, "the treatment with Chinese herbs of chiefly invigorating Kidney deserved to be propagated (associated with emphysema) ".

Taken together, coltsfoot may be considered a remedy for the prevention of shortness of breath in lung disease patients, pending to the confirmation of the larger sample size and multicenter human study.

Natural Medicine for Fatty Liver And Obesity Reversal - The Revolutionary Findings To Achieve Optimal Health And Lose Weight

How To Get Rid Of Eye Floaters
Contrary To Professional Prediction, Floaters Can Be Cured Naturally

Ovarian Cysts And PCOS Elimination
Holistic System In Existence That Will Show You. How-To
Permanently Eliminate All Types of Ovarian Cysts Within 2 Months

Back to Kyle J. Norton's Homepage http://kylejnorton.blogspot.ca


Author Biography
Kyle J. Norton (Scholar, Master of Nutrition, All rights reserved)
Health article writer and researcher; Over 10,000 articles and research papers have been written and published online, including worldwide health, ezine articles, article base, health blogs, self-growth, best before it's news, the karate GB daily, etc.,.
Named TOP 50 MEDICAL ESSAYS FOR ARTISTS & AUTHORS TO READ by Disilgold.com Named 50 of the best health Tweeters Canada - Huffington Post
Nominated for Shorty Award over last 4 years
Some articles have been used as references in medical research, such as the international journal Pharma and Bioscience, ISSN 0975-6299.

Sources
(1) [Measurement of MEFV in 66 cases of asthma in the convalescent stage and after treatment with Chinese herbs].[Article in Chinese] by Fu JX. (PubMed)

#Phytochemical #Sulforaphane Gobbles Up Breast Cancer Cells, According to Studies

Kyle J. Norton

Researchers may have found a natural ingredient for the prevention and treatment of breast cancer with no side effects, according to studies.
Breast cancer is a medical condition associated with abnormal cell growth in the breast tissue due to the alternation of cell DNA.

Most cases of breast cancer (malignant breast neoplasm) start in the cells on the surface of the inner lining of the tissues of the breast either from the milk ducts (Ductal carcinoma) or the lobules (Lobular carcinoma) that supply the ducts with milk.

At the early stage of breast cancer, most patients experience the forming of lumps or modules on the breast or nearby breast tissue.

However, at the later stage, patients may experience symptoms of swelling of all or part of a breast, breast or nipple pain, nipple retraction, and large lumps on the breast.

Some invasive breast cancer in this stage can also induce secondary metastasis through the blood and fluids circulation.

According to the statistics, women diagnosed with breast cancer at stages 0 and 1 have a 5-year survival rate of 100%. In 2010, over 250,000 new cases of breast cancer were expected to be diagnosed in the U.S. alone and the risk of getting invasive breast cancer during the lifetime of a woman is 1/8.

Therefore self-examination every month may be important to all women who are classified into the higher prevalent risk group.

The causes of breast cancer are unknown. Epidemiological studies suggested that age, gender, race, family history, and menstrual, l, and reproductive history are some of the prevalent risk factors for breast cancer.

Some researchers suggested that the risk of breast cancer in women who carry the mutated genes BRCA1 and 2 have 60% for the development of breast cancer before the age of 90.

Dithiolthiones are phytochemicals in the class of Organosulfides, found abundantly in cruciferous vegetables, garden sorrel, horseradish, etc.

With an aim to find a natural ingredient for the treatment of breast cancer, researchers at the University of Michigan evaluated sulforaphane, a natural compound derived from broccoli/broccoli sprouts, efficacy in inhibiting breast cancer stem cells (CSCs) in tumor growth upon cell reimplantation in secondary mice and human breast cancer cell line.

Sulforaphane injection of (1-5 micromol/L) decreased the cancer cells by 65% to 80% in human breast cancer cells and reduced the size and number of primary mammospheres by 8- to 125-fold and 45% to 75% in tested mice, respectively.

Daily injection with 50 mg/kg sulforaphane for 2 weeks reduced breast cancer cells in the human cell line by >50%.

Sulforaphane eliminated breast CSCs in vivo and in the secondary mice.

Furthermore, by assessing the effect of SFN alone and in combination with a chemotherapeutic agent, gemcitabine, on the proliferative potential of MCF-7 cells, researchers also found that SFN shows cytotoxic effects on MCF-7 cells in a dose- and time-dependent manner via an apoptotic mode of cell death.

Combinational treatment of SFN and gemcitabine on MCF-7 cells resulted in growth inhibition in a synergistic manner with a combination index.

The efficacy of SFN against MCF-7 was attributed to the inhibition associated with the anti-apoptotic and inflammatory gene, in a time-dependent manner, without causing harm to the nearby healthy cells.

Taken altogether, phytochemical sulforaphane may be considered a bioactive compound for the prevention and combined with primary therapy for the treatment of breast cancer.

Natural Medicine for Fatty Liver And Obesity Reversal - The Revolutionary Findings To Achieve Optimal Health And Lose Weight

How To Get Rid Of Eye Floaters
Contrary To Professional Prediction, Floaters Can Be Cured Naturally

Ovarian Cysts And PCOS Elimination
Holistic System In Existence That Will Show You How To
Permanently Eliminate All Types of Ovarian Cysts Within 2 Months

Back to Kyle J. Norton's Homepage http://kylejnorton.blogspot.ca


Author Biography
Kyle J. Norton (Scholar, Master of Nutrition, All rights reserved)
Health article writer and researcher; Over 10,000 articles and research papers have been written and published online, including worldwide health, ezine articles, article base, health blogs, self-growth, Best Before it's news, the Karate GB Daily, etc.,.
Named TOP 50 MEDICAL ESSAYS FOR ARTISTS & AUTHORS TO READ by Disilgold.com Named 50 of the best health Tweeters Canada - Huffington Post
Nominated for Shorty Award over last 4 years
Some articles have been used as references in medical research, such as the international journal Pharma and Bioscience, ISSN 0975-6299.
References
(1) Sulforaphane, a dietary component of broccoli/broccoli sprouts, inhibits breast cancer stem cells by Li Y1, Zhang T, Korkaya H, Liu S, Lee HF, Newman B, Yu Y, Clouthier SG, Schwartz SJ, Wicha MS, Sun D.(PubMed)
(2) Sulforaphane inhibits growth of human breast cancer cells and augments the therapeutic index of the chemotherapeutic drug, gemcitabine by Hussain A1, Mohsin J, Prabhu SA, Begum S, Nusri Qel-A, Harish G, Javed E, Khan MA, Sharma C.(PubMed)
(3) Sulforaphane controls TPA-induced MMP-9 expression through the NF-κB signaling pathway, but not AP-1, in MCF-7 breast cancer cells by Lee YR1, Noh EM, Han JH, Kim JM, Hwang BM, Kim BS, Lee SH, Jung SH, Youn HJ, Chung EY, Kim JS.(PubMed)

#Phytochemical #Lycopene Suppresses the Function of Remodeling Actin Associated with Cancer Cell Mobility and Membrane Formation, Researchers Say.

Kyle J. Norton

Cancer is a class of diseases associated with irregular cell growth in the tissue of a specific organ.
Most cases of invasive cancer can spread to other organs in the body via lymph or blood.

According to the statistics provided by the Cancer Institue, between n 2011–2015, the number of new cases of cancer was 439.2 per 100,000 men and women per year (based on 2011–2015 cases).

The number of cancer deaths (cancer mortality) is 163.5 per 100,000 men and women per year.


Under normal circumstances, cell growth is a natural process without even notice, every day millions of cells grow to replace millions of dead cells and to keep our body in balance and healthy.

Sometimes, acceleration of cell growth is necessary to prevent further damage to the body organ, such as cuts, injuries, etc., but after fulfilling their purposes, the growth of cells is back to a normal rate again due to our body growth inhibitors. Unfortunately, skin cells sometimes overgrow while healing, leading to scars on the skin.

In cancer cells, due to the alternation of DNA, can grow indefinitely.

Cancer cell metastasis is the process by that cancer cells break away from the primary site and travel through the blood or fluid circulation and form new tumors (metastatic tumors) in other parts of the body, similar to those of primary cancer.

Dr. RUI-AN WANG, the lead scientist in the explanation of the reasons for cancer metastasis, wrote, "Over several years, scientists investigating cancer have focused their efforts on elucidating the mechanisms underlying cancer metastasis, with the aim of finding a way to inhibit this process".


And, "Cancer metastasizes due to several factors, namely attack by the immune system, lack of oxygen and necessary nutrients, large amounts of lactic acid produced by glycolysis and increased cell death. Therefore, the majority of the presently available treatments for cancer also bear the potential to induce metastasis".


In other words, for the tumor to survive that must metastasize.

Lycopene is a phytochemical in the class of carotenoids, a natural pigment with no vitamin A activity found abundantly in tomatoes and other red fruits and vegetables, such as red carrots, watermelons, and papayas,

Tomatoes provide about 80% of the lycopene in the world's diet. In plants, lycopene protects the host against excessive photodamage and performs various functions in photosynthesis.

In the urgency to find a natural ingredient for the inhibition of cancer cell metastasis, researchers examined the apo-10'-lycopenoic acid (ALA), a derivative of lycopene through cleavage by carotene-9',10'-oxygenase, on tumor progression and metastasis in both liver and lung cancer animal models.

According to the tested assays, ALA showed significant activity in a dose-dependent manner in inhibiting migration and invasion of liver and lung cancer cells (HuH7 and A549).


In other words, ALA constrained lung cancer cells from the induction of mechanisms associated with cancer cell spreading.

Furthermore, in HuH7 and immortalized lung BEAS-2B cells, ALA suppresses the function of remodeling actin in stimulating cancer cell mobility and membrane formation.


More importantly, ALA also inhibited both HuH7 and A549 cells. proliferation and migration by suppressing the genes associated with angiogenesis.

Moreover, according to the tested assays, ALA also decreased the expression of enzyme which plays a pivotal role in cell migration during physiological and pathological processes.

In human THE-2 liver cells, ALA in a dose-dependently increased the mRNA expression and protein levels of peroxisome proliferator‑activated receptor‑γ (PPARγ) involved in controlling angiogenesis, tumor progression, and metastasis.

Based on the findings, Dr. Cheng J., the lead scientist wrote, "ALA inhibits cancer cell motility and angiogenesis and induces PPARγ expression, which could be one of the potential mechanisms for ALA protecting against tumor progression".

Taken together, phytochemical lycopene may be considered a supplement for the prevention of cancer cell metastasis, pending the confirmation of the larger sample size and multicenter human study.

Intake of lycopene in the form of a supplement should be taken with extreme care to prevent overdose acute liver toxicity.

Natural Medicine for Fatty Liver And Obesity Reversal - The Revolutionary Findings To Achieve Optimal Health And Lose Weight

How To Get Rid Of Eye Floaters
Contrary To Professional Prediction, Floaters Can Be Cured Naturally

Ovarian Cysts And PCOS Elimination
Holistic System In Existence That Will Show You How To
Permanently Eliminate All Types of Ovarian Cysts Within 2 Months

Back to Kyle J. Norton's Homepage http://kylejnorton.blogspot.ca


Author Biography
Kyle J. Norton (Scholar, Master of Nutrition, All rights reserved)
Health article writer and researcher; Over 10,000 articles and research papers have been written and published online, including worldwide health, ezine articles, article base, health blogs, self-growth, best before it's news, the karate GB daily, etc.,.
Named TOP 50 MEDICAL ESSAYS FOR ARTISTS & AUTHORS TO READ by Disilgold.com Named 50 of the best health Tweeters Canada - Huffington Post
Nominated for shorty award over last 4 years
Some articles have been used as references in medical research, such as the international journal Pharma and Bioscience, ISSN 0975-6299.

Sources
(1) Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-γ inhibits pancreatic cancer cell invasion and metastasis via regulating MMP-2 expression through PTEN by Li Y1, Zhang DW1, Lin DQ1, and Cao LQ1. (PubMed)
(1) Apo-10'-lycopenoic acid inhibits cancer cell migration and angiogenesis and induces peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ by Cheng J1, Miao B1, Hu KQ1, Fu X1, Wang XD. (PubMed)
(3) Reasons for cancer metastasis: A holistic perspective by RUI-AN WANG,1,2,3 YOU-YONG LU,4 and DAI-MING FAN (PubMed)

#Turmeric Modulates the Immune Activity Against the Onset of Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome (#AIDS), Study Suggest

KyLe J. Norton

Acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) is a disease associated with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection at the most advanced stage.
In other words, if an HIV-infected person has a CD4, the glycoprotein found on the surface of immune cells counts less than 200 cells/mm3, he/she is considered to have developed AIDS.

AIDS is caused by the infection of HIV. However, most HIV-infected patients are HIV carriers.

The most common risk factors associated with HIV infection are contact with body fluids such as infected blood, milk coming from a mother who carries the HIV, vaginal or anal sex, sharing drugs needles, and oral sex.

Believe it or not, HIV cannot live outside the human body for long because the virus needs body fluid to survive.

According to the statistics, approximately, 1.1 million people in the US are living with HIV, including 15% of those who don't know they are infected. Only half of the patients half are virally suppressed.

In 2016, 39,782 cases of new HIV were diagnosed.

Some researcher's sexual behavior of a person may have a strong impact on increasing the risk of HIV injection. More precisely,

Dr. Molly S. Rosenberg, the lead scientist wrote, "HIV prevalence was very high among HAALSI participants (23%, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 21 to 24), with no sex differences. Recent sexual activity was common (56%, 95% CI: 55 to 58) across all HIV status categories. Condom use was low among HIV-negative adults (15%, 95% CI: 14 to 17), higher among HIV-positive adults who were unaware of their HIV status (27%, 95% CI: 22 to 33), and dramatically higher among HIV-positive adults who were aware of their status (75%, 95% CI: 70 to 80). Casual sex and multiple partnerships were reported at moderate levels, with slightly higher estimates among HIV-positive compared to HIV-negative adults".

And, "Older HIV-positive adults in an HIV hyperendemic community of rural South Africa report sexual behaviors consistent with high HIV transmission risk. Older HIV-negative adults report sexual behaviors consistent with high HIV acquisition risk".

Turmeric is a perennial plant in the genus Curcuma, belonging to the family Zingiberaceae, native to tropical South Asia.

The herb has been used in traditional medicine as an anti-oxidant, hypoglycemic, colorant, antiseptic, wound healing agent, and for the treatment of treat flatulence, bloating, and appetite loss, ulcers, eczema, inflammations, etc.

With an aim to find a natural compound for the treatment of acquired immunodeficiency syndrome, researchers examined the immunomodulatory effects of Curcuma longa L., purple sweet potato, and mixtures of the two (CPM) in an animal model.

The study included selected C57BL/6 mice infected with LP-BM5 murine leukemia virus (MuLV), randomly divided into seven groups as follows:
* Normal control,

* Infected control (LP-BM5 MuLV infection),

* Positive control (LP-BM5 MuLV infection+dietary supplement of red ginseng 300 mg/kg body weight),

* The original powder of C. longa L. (C; LP-BM5 MuLV infection+dietary supplement of C 189 mg/kg body weight),

* The original powder of purple sweet potato (P; LP-BM5 MuLV infection+dietary supplement of P 1811 mg/kg body weight), CPM Low (CPL; LP-BM5 MuLV infection+CPM 2 g/kg body weight), and

* CPM High (CPH; LP-BM5 MuLV infection+CPM 5 g/kg body weight). Dietary supplementation lasted for 12 weeks.

According to the tested assays, dietary supplementation of CPM inhibited LP-BM5 MuLV-induced lymphadenopathy, an inflammatory disease of the lymph nodes, and splenomegaly, a condition of abnormal enlargement of the spleen.

Furthermore, CPM also enhances the immune function in recognizing invasive and foreign viruses, which may weaken the immune system to initiate the onset of infection.

In other words, CPM enhanced the immune function against the progression of MuLV.

More precisely, CPM reduced the decrease in T- and B cell proliferation reduced the population of CD4(+)/CD8(+) T cells, and inhibited the unbalanced production of T helper-1 (Th1)/T helper-2 (Th2) cytokines in LP-BM5 MuLV-infected mice.


Moreover, the immune function also was exhibited by the injection of CPM observed by the supplement immune-modulatory activity, including the inhibition of the reduction of phagocytosis in peritoneal macrophages and decreased serum levels of immunoglobulin A (IgA), immunoglobulin E (IgE), and immunoglobulin G (IgG).

Based on the results, researchers after taking other factors into account wrote, "CPM had a positive effect on immunomodulation in C57BL/6 mice induced by LP-BM5 leukemia retrovirus infection".

Taken altogether, turmeric used alone or combined with other herbal medicines may be considered supplements for the prevention and treatment of acquired immunodeficiency syndrome, pending the confirmation of the larger sample size and multicenter human study.

Intake of turmeric in the form of a supplement should be taken with extreme care to prevent overdose acute liver toxicity.

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Author Biography
Kyle J. Norton (Scholar, Master of Nutrition, All rights reserved)
Health article writer and researcher; Over 10,000 articles and research papers have been written and published online, including worldwide health, ezine articles, article base, health blogs, self-growth, Best Before it's news, the Karate GB Daily, etc.,.
Named TOP 50 MEDICAL ESSAYS FOR ARTISTS & AUTHORS TO READ by Disilgold.com Named 50 of the best health Tweeters Canada - Huffington Post
Nominated for Shorty Award over last 4 years
Some articles have been used as references in medical research, such as the international journal Pharma and Bioscience, ISSN 0975-6299.

Sources
(1) The Effects of Curcuma longa L., Purple Sweet Potato, and Mixtures of the Two on Immunomodulation in C57BL/6J Mice Infected with LP-BM5 Murine Leukemia Retrovirus by Park SJ1, Lee D1, Lee M1, Kwon HO2, Kim H3, Park J4, Jeon W4, Cha M5, Jun S5, Park K5, Lee J. (PubMed)
(2) Immunomodulatory effects of curcumin in allergy by Kurup VP1, Barrios CS. (PubMed)
(3) Sexual Behaviors and HIV Status: A Population-Based Study Among Older Adults in Rural South Africa by Molly S. Rosenberg, MPH, PhD,*† Francesc X. Gómez-Olivé, MSc, MD, PhD,†‡§ Julia K. Rohr, MPH, PhD,† Brian C. Houle, MPH, PhD,‡‖ Chodziwadziwa W. Kabudula, Msc,‡§¶Ryan G. Wagner, MSc, PhD,‡§ Joshua A. Salomon, PhD,# Kathleen Kahn, MD, MPH, PhD,‡§**Lisa F. Berkman, MS, PhD,†‡#††‡‡ Stephen M. Tollman, MD, MPH, PhD,‡§** andTill Bärnighausen, MD, MSc, ScD. (PMC)