#Coffee and Coffee #Caffeine Are Inversely Associated with a Reduced Risk of Basal Cell Skin Cancer, Researchers Say

Kyle J. Norton

Coffee caffeine consumption is associated with an ameliorated risk of basal cell carcinoma of the skin, the Queensland Institute of Medical Research study suggested.

Coffee, becoming a popular and social beverage all over the world, particularly in the West, is a drink made from roast beans from the Coffea plant, native to tropical Africa and Madagascar.

Basal cell cancer is the most common type of skin cancer characterized by abnormal growth of the cells in the lowest layer of the epidermis. Cancer rarely spreads and kills but can cause significant destruction and disfigurement to the affected skin area and accounts for more than 90% of all skin cancer in the U.S.

In the study among 1,325 randomly selected adult residents of a subtropical Australian community collected in 1992, 1994, and 1996, returned food frequency questionnaires from participants showed a significantly lower relative risk in people with prior skin cancers by 25% with daily consumption of four cups of regular coffee.


For people without previous history of skin disease, consumption of neither caffeinated nor decaffeinated coffee regardless of amount intake expressed no risk of basal cell carcinoma of the skin.

Dr. Miura K, the lead author said, " Among people with prior skin cancers, a relatively high caffeine intake may help prevent subsequent BCC development. However, caffeine intake appears not to influence the risk of SCC."


Also, in the evaluation of the effects of tea, coffee, and caffeine related to early-onset BCC from data of 767 non-Hispanic Whites under age 40 in Connecticut. BCC cases (n=377) identified through Yale's Dermatopathology database and controls (n=390) of individuals in the same database, participants interviews revealed combined regular consumption of caffeinated coffee plus hot tea expressed a strong inverse association of early-onset BCC.


According to the analysis, the risk of BCC was reduced by as much as 43% in this group compared to the nondrinking group.


Researchers at the study also indicated that the efficacy in reducing the risk of basal cell carcinoma of the skin from these 2 beverages may be attributed to the chemical component of caffeine.

Promisingly. in the support of caffeine administration in preventing squamous cell skin cancer development, the Nurses' Health Study and the Health Professionals Follow-up Study, postulated the following results.
1. Caffeine intake from all dietary sources was inversely associated with BCC risk even for people who only consumed less than 1 cup of caffeinated coffee per month.
2. Women who consumed more than 3 cups/d had a relatively odd risk ratio of 0.79, compared to 0.90 in men with the same cup intake.
3. Decaffeinated coffee consumption showed no association with decreased BCC risk.

The evidence expressed that coffee and coffee caffeine consumption has a significant effect in reducing the risk of basal cell carcinoma of the skin, particularly in people with previous skin cancer.



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Author Biography
Kyle J. Norton, Master of Nutrients
Health article writer and researcher; Over 10,000 articles and research papers have been written and published online, including worldwide health, ezine articles, article base, health blogs, self-growth, Best Before it's news, the karate GB Daily, etc.,.
Named TOP 50 MEDICAL ESSAYS FOR ARTISTS & AUTHORS TO READ by Disilgold.com Named 50 of the best health Tweeters Canada - Huffington Post
Nominated for Shorty Award over last 4 years
Some articles have been used as references in medical research, such as the international journal Pharma and Bioscience, ISSN 0975-6299.

Sources
(1) Caffeine intake and risk of basal cell and squamous cell carcinomas of the skin in an 11-year prospective study by Miura K1, Hughes MC, Green AC, van der Pols JC. (PubMed)
(2) Tea, coffee, and caffeine and early-onset basal cell carcinoma in a case-control study by Ferrucci LM1, Cartmel B, Molinaro AM, Leffell DJ, Bale AE, Mayne ST. (PubMed)
(3) Increased caffeine intake is associated with reduced risk of basal cell carcinoma of the skin by Song F1, Qureshi AA, Han J.(PubMed)

#LocalizedHoney Protects Us Against #AllergicRhinitis (AR), According to Studies

Kyle J. Norton

Scientists may have found a natural alternative for the treatment of allergies, according to studies.
Allergies are a faulty reaction of the immune system responses against harmful substances that enter the body.

Symptoms and diseases associated with allergy include sinus swelling, seasonal and returning allergies, hay fever, and nasal allergies.

Believe it or not, Penicillin, an antibiotic medicine is the most common allergy trigger in drug allergies. 10 percent of people are allergic after using the medicine.


According to the statistics, in the US, approximately, more than 50 million Americans have experienced various types of allergies each year and 15 million Americans have food allergies, including 5.9 million children under age 18.

In other words, 1 in 13 children suffers from a food allergy. About 30 percent of children with food allergies are allergic to more than one food.

The findings strongly suggested that foods are the most common and major cause of allergic onset.

Dr. Ruchi S. Gupta and colleagues in the allergic team in examining the food allergies in children wrote, "Overall, estimated current FA prevalence was 7.6%,.The most prevalent allergens were peanut (2.2%), milk (1.9%), shellfish (1.3%), and tree nut (1.2%)".

And, "Among food-allergic children, 42.3% reported ≥1 severe FA and 39.9% reported multiple FA. Furthermore, 19.0% reported ≥1 FA-related emergency department visit in the previous year and 42.0% reported ≥ 1 lifetime FA-related emergency department visit, whereas 40.7% had a current epinephrine autoinjector prescription.

Honey is a miraculous product made by bees using nectar from flowers.

The rich golden liquid is considered one of the healthy sweet foods for replacing the use of white sugar and artificial sweeteners by many people.

Researchers on finding a natural compound for the treatment of allergies examined the honey effects in the treatment of allergic rhinitis (AR).

The prospective randomized placebo-controlled study included 40 AR patients divided equally into case and control groups. All the subjects received a daily dose of 10 mg of loratadine for 4 weeks.

The case group then ingested 1 g/kg body weight of honey daily in separate doses for the 4-week period. The control group ingested the same dose of honey-flavored corn syrup as a placebo.

According to the AR symptoms scored at the start, week 4, and week 8 of the study, at week 4, both groups showed progressive improvement in the symptoms, however, at week 8, only the case group showed continuous improvement in the symptom score.

The ingested honey group showed a significant improvement in individual AR symptoms after week 8 and the efficacy in reducing the symptoms persisted for a month after the cessation of the honey treatment.

The results suggested that honey processed certain chemical compounds that were not found in the corn syrup for the treatment of AR.

Some researchers suggested that long-term intake of raw honey can help to ameliorate allergy symptoms by regularly exposing to pollen, similar to the allergy injection in desensitizing pollen-program.

If this result is accurate then only local honey can process the anti-AR symptoms compared to honey unlocalized pollen.

Taken together, honey may be considered a functional remedy for the prevention and treatment of AR symptoms, regardless of the type of honey, pending the confirmation of a large sample size and multicenter human study.

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Author Biography
Kyle J. Norton (Scholar, Master of Nutrition, All rights reserved)
Health article writer and researcher; Over 10,000 articles and research papers have been written and published online, including worldwide health, ezine articles, article base, health blogs, self-growth, Best Before it's news, the karate GB Daily, etc.,.
Named TOP 50 MEDICAL ESSAYS FOR ARTISTS & AUTHORS TO READ by Disilgold.com Named 50 of the best health Tweeters Canada - Huffington Post
Nominated for Shorty Award over last 4 years
Some articles have been used as references in medical research, such as the international journal Pharma ISSN 0975-6299.

Sources
(1) Ingestion of honey improves the symptoms of allergic rhinitis: evidence from a randomized placebo-controlled trial in the East coast of Peninsular Malaysia by Asha'ari ZA1, Ahmad MZ, Jihan WS, Che CM, Leman I. (PubMed)
(2) Will honey relieve my seasonal allergies? by Allergists
(3) The Public Health Impact of Parent-Reported Childhood Food Allergies in the United States by Ruchi S. Gupta, Christopher M. Warren, Bridget M. Smith, Jesse A. Blumenstock, Jialing Jiang, Matthew M. Davis, Kari C. Nadeau. (APP News and Journals)

#Indole-3-Carbinol (I3C) Found in #CruciferousVegetables Inhibit Melanoma Cell Proliferation, Researchers Say

Kyle J. Norton


Skin diseases are conditions of skin damage and are classified according to each pathogenic cause.
Most cases of skin disease are involved in allergens, and irritants. However certain medical conditions such as irritable bowel disease, autoimmune diseases, and genetic preposition can also cause r skin diseases.


Recent studies suggested that a poor diet is also associated with the onset of skin diseases such as dermatological disease may be linked to systemic disease, and dietary changes may affect health outcomes, as in psoriasis.

Skin melanoma is a skin cancer characterized by the alternation of the pigment-containing cells known as melanocytes. However, in rare cases, melanoma can also occur in the mouth, intestines, or eye.

Most cases of melanoma start in melanocytes on the skin before spreading to the nearby tissue. In the advanced stage, the cancer cells can also travel a distance away from the originated site to infect other tissues and organs, leading to secondary metastasis, through the circulation of blood and fluids.

The most common sites of melanoma metastasis are the lung and breast.

According to the statistics, melanoma skin cancer is increasing and is anticipated to continue to rise. In the United States, approximately 70,230 new cases of melanoma were diagnosed, causing the death of 8,790.

The causes of melanoma skin cancer are associated with the alternation of the pigment cells in the skin. Why some people are susceptible to the onset of the disease while others do not even share similar health conditions, family history, and ethnicity.

However, according to epidemiological studies, genetic mutation inherited from the parent, exposure to environmental toxins, and sun UV rays are the most commonly associated with the increased risk of melanoma skin cancer.

In finding a potential plant that processes anti-cancer activity researchers investigated the effects of indole-3-carbinol (I3C), a natural anti-cancer phytochemical derived from cruciferous vegetables such as cabbage and broccoli, as a new chemical scaffold of small molecule enzymatic inhibitors of NEDD4-1 on human cancer cell lines.

NEDD4-1 is a proto-oncogenic ubiquitin ligase for PTEN, a tumor suppressor that plays a critical regulator for multiple cellular processes. The gene is mutated or deleted frequently in various human cancers.

According to the tested assays,
* I3C's stable synthetic derivative 1-benzyl-I3C showed to directly inhibit NEDD4-1 ubiquitination activity.

* Furthermore, compared to I3C, which has an IC50 of 284μM, 1-benzyl-I3C was a significantly more potent NEDD4-1 enzymatic inhibitor with an IC50 of 12.3μM.

* The compounds 2242 and 2243, (the two indolecarbinol analogs with added methyl groups) result in a more nucleophilic benzene ring π system, further enhanced potency with IC50s of 2.71μM and 7.59μM, respectively.

* Most importantly, the indolecarbinol compounds inhibited human melanoma cell proliferation in a manner that generally correlated with their effectiveness as NEDD4-1 enzymatic inhibitors.

Based on the findings, researchers said, " I3C analogs represent a novel set of anti-cancer compounds for the treatment of human melanomas and other cancers that express indolecarbinol-sensitive target enzymes".

Taken together, cruciferous vegetables consisting of indole-3-carbinol (I3C) and five novel synthetic analogs may be considered a functional food for the prevention and treatment of melanoma, pending the confirmation of the larger sample size and multicenter human study.


Natural Medicine for Fatty Liver And Obesity Reversal - The Revolutionary Findings To Achieve Optimal Health And Lose Weight

How To Get Rid Of Eye Floaters
Contrary To Professional Prediction, Floaters Can Be Cured Naturally

Ovarian Cysts And PCOS Elimination
Holistic System In Existence That Will Show You How-To
Permanently Eliminate All Types of Ovarian Cysts Within 2 Months

Back to Kyle J. Norton's Homepage http://kylejnorton.blogspot.ca


Author Biography
Kyle J. Norton (Scholar, Master of Nutrition, All rights reserved)
Health article writer and researcher; Over 10,000 articles and research papers have been written and published online, including worldwide health, ezine articles, article base, health blogs, self-growth, Best Before it's news, the karate GB Daily, etc.,.
Named TOP 50 MEDICAL ESSAYS FOR ARTISTS & AUTHORS TO READ by Disilgold.com Named 50 of the best health Tweeters Canada - Huffington Post
Nominated for Shorty Award over last 4 years
Some articles have been used as references in medical research, such as the international journal Pharma and Bioscience, ISSN 0975-6299.

Sources
(1) Indole-3-carbinol (I3C) analogues are potent small molecule inhibitors of NEDD4-1 ubiquitin ligase activity that disrupt proliferation of human melanoma cells by Quirit JG. (PubMed)

Chemical Compounds Found in #Herbal #Coltsfoot Show Significantly Cytoprotective Activities Against ROS and Glucose Oxidase-Induced #OxidativeStress

Kyle J. Norton

Oxidative stress is a condition associated with the long-term imbalanced ratio of free radicals and antioxidants in the body, leading to protein, lipid, and cell damage that causes chronic illnesses such as heart disease, stroke, and diabetes.

In other words, the condition is caused either by overexpression of free radicals depletion of antioxidant enzymes produced by the host, or both.

Antioxidants are either produced by the body or injected into the body from outside sources such as the consumption of antioxidant-rich fruits and vegetables.

Free radicals are everywhere, including the air we breathe, the food we eat, and the body's daily functioning such as cell metabolism.

More precisely, any chemical compound that has an oxygen molecule can become a free radical after entering our body.

In healthy individuals, the antioxidant produced by the host is more than enough to counter the bombards of free radicals. However, people with a weakened immune system such as the elderly, and immature immune systems such as the baby may need the injection of antioxidants from outside sources.

Particularly, people with a suppressive immune system due to chemotherapy may be required to intake large amounts of antioxidant-rich food regularly.

However, free radicals in moderate amounts are needed for body functioning, including lower blood pressure, relax blood vessels to move blood, such as nitric oxide NO.


Coltsfoot(Tussilago farfara) is a perennial herbaceous plant, genus Tussilago, belonging to the family Asteraceae, native to Europe and Asia. The herb has been used for thousands of years to treat asthma, various coughs, bronchial congestion, respiratory disorders, headaches obstruction in the nasal passage, etc.

On finding a potential compound for the treatment of disease associated with oxidative stress, researchers examined the cytoprotective compound, 1-[(4S)-3,4-dihydro-4-hydroxy-2,2-dimethyl-2H-1-benzopyran-6-yl]-methanone (1) isolated from the flower buds of Tussilago farfara L.

According to the tested analysis on (1) and other isolated compounds such as 3,4-dicaffeoyl isoquinic acid (2), trans-cinnamic acid (3), 4-hydroxyacetophenone (4), 4,5-dicaffeoylquinic acid methyl ester (5), 3,5-dicaffeoylquinic acid methyl ester (6), 4-hydroxybenzoic acid (7), isoquercetrin (8), and ligucyperonol (9), compounds 1 and 3 showed significant cytoprotective activities against glucose oxidase-induced oxidative stress in mouse fibroblast NIH3T3 cells and human keratinocyte HaCaT cells comapred others.

Furthermore, the MTT assay and lactate dehydrogenase leakage differentiation also supported the possibility of compounds 1 and 3 as potent cytoprotective agents against overexpression of ROS.

Taken altogether, coltsfoot may be considered a remedy for the treatment of disease associated with oxidative stress-induced cytotoxicity, pending the confirmation of the larger sample size and multicenter human study.

Natural Medicine for Fatty Liver And Obesity Reversal - The Revolutionary Findings To Achieve Optimal Health And Lose Weight

How To Get Rid Of Eye Floaters
Contrary To Professional Prediction, Floaters Can Be Cured Naturally

Ovarian Cysts And PCOS Elimination
Holistic System In Existence That Will Show You. How-To
Permanently Eliminate All Types of Ovarian Cysts Within 2 Months

Back to Kyle J. Norton's Homepage http://kylejnorton.blogspot.ca


Author Biography
Kyle J. Norton (Scholar, Master of Nutrition, All rights reserved)
Health article writer and researcher; Over 10,000 articles and research papers have been written and published online, including worldwide health, ezine articles, article base, health blogs, self-growth, Best Before it's news, the karate GB Daily, etc.,.
Named TOP 50 MEDICAL ESSAYS FOR ARTISTS & AUTHORS TO READ by Disilgold.com Named 50 of the best health Tweeters Canada - Huffington Post
Nominated for Shorty Award over last 4 years
Some articles have been used as references in medical research, such as the international journal Pharma and Bioscience, ISSN 0975-6299.

Sources
(1) Identification of cytoprotective constituents of the flower buds of Tussilago against glucose oxidase-induced oxidative stress in mouse fibroblast NIH3T3 cells and human keratinocyte HaCaT cells by Kang U1, Park J1, Han AR1, Woo MH2, Lee JH3, Lee SK4, Chang TS1, Woo HA5, Seo EK. (PubMed)

#Chastetreeberries Process Anti-Nociceptive in Reducing Symptoms and Improving Quality of Life in Women With PMS

Kyle J. Norton


Chaste tree berry is a species of Vitex agnus-castus, genus Vitex, belonging to the family Lamiaceae, native to the Mediterranean region, used in herbal medicine for thousands of years as an aphrodisiac herb and considered a Queen herb in treating menstrual problems and discomforts.

Premenstrual syndrome is a faulty function of the ovaries related to the women's menstrual cycle. It affects a woman's physical and emotional state and sometimes interferes with daily activities as a result of hormone fluctuation.

Anti-nociceptive effect is the term used to indicate the process of blocking the detection of a painful stimulation by sensory neurons.

Chaste tree berries may have a potential effect in reduced pain associated with symptoms of premenstrual syndrome, a renowned institute study suggested.


In an acetic-acid-induced writhing and metoclopramide-dihydrochloride-induced hyperprolactinemia mice study, mice treated with Chaste tree berry factions showed a significantly effective expression of anti-nociceptive and anti-hyperprolactinemia activities.

The study also found that the fraction extracted from the herb also exerted anti-nociceptive activity in a dose-dependent manner (10-50 mg/kg body weight, i.e...).

Dr. Hu Y, the lead researcher in the study said, "Our results indicate that the presence of flavonoids such as Casticin in this plant may be responsible for the (anti-nociceptive and anti-hyperprolactinemia) activity effects. Casticin has potent analgesic and anti-hyperprolactinemia properties, is likely to be one of the active components of Fructus Viticis, and may have a role in treating PMS (premenstrual syndrome)".

Further study in support of the above differentiation also insisted that the 80% ethanol extract isolated from the herbal medicine showed the highest anti-nociceptive activity in acetic acid-induced writhing test in ICR mice in comparison with other factions. The study also indicated that the anti-nociceptive activity is mediated through inhibition of pro-inflammatory activity rather than through opioid receptors.


The evaluation of petroleum ether fraction (PEF) from the aqueous ethanol extract of Chaste tree berry at doses of 12, 24, and 48 mg/kg body weight, in nociceptive mouse models induced by intraperitoneal acetic acid and sub-plantar formalin injections and on thermal nociception in the hot-plate test, produced significant dose-related inhibitions on chemical nociception, probably due to partially mediated by its anti-inflammatory activity.

Taking together, the anti-nociceptive effect of Chaste tree berries should be beneficiary in reducing symptoms and treatment of women with premenstrual syndrome and improving quality of social life.
A large amount of intake of herbal medicine can be prescribed by related field specialists, including Chaste tree berries.


Ovarian Cysts And PCOS Elimination
Holistic System In Existence That Will Show You How-To
Permanently Eliminate All Types of Ovarian Cysts Within 2 Months



Back to Kyle J. Norton's Home page http://kylejnorton.blogspot.ca

Author Biography
Kyle J. Norton, Master of Nutrients
Health article writer and researcher; Over 10.000 articles and research papers have been written and published on line, including worldwide health, ezine articles, article base, healthblogs, selfgrowth, best before it's news, the karate GB daily, etc.,.
Named TOP 50 MEDICAL ESSAYS FOR ARTISTS & AUTHORS TO READ by Disilgold.com Named 50 of the best health Tweeters Canada - Huffington Post
Nominated for Shorty Award over last 4 years
Some articles have been used as references in medical research, such as the international journal Pharma and Bio science, ISSN 0975-6299.

Sources
(1) Anti-nociceptive and anti-hyperprolactinemia activities of Fructus Viticis and its effective fractions and chemical constituents by Hu Y1, Xin HL, Zhang QY, Zheng HC, Rahman K, Qin LP.(PubMed)
(2) Bioactivity-guided fractionation for analgesic properties and constituents of Vitexnegundo L. seeds by Zheng CJ1, Tang WZ, Huang BK, Han T, Zhang QY, Zhang H, Qin LP.(PubMed)
(3) Antinociceptive activities of the liposoluble fraction from Vitex negundo seeds by Zheng CJ1, Huang BK, Han T, Zhang QY, Zhang H, Rahman K, Qin LP.(PubMed)

#Rapeseed Protein-Derived Peptide DHNNPQIR (RAP-8) Inhibits proteins Associated with the Risk of #LiverFibrosis, Researchers Say

Kyle J. Norton

The liver is the largest internal organ found in the human which plays an essential role in filtering the blood from the digestive system before passing it to other parts of the body.

The liver also produces cholesterol, a waxy substance that aids digestion, builds cell membranes, and produces vitamin D and steroid hormones.

Liver disease is a class of medical conditions characterized by reducing partly or completely the function of the liver, including liver failure.


Liver fibrosis is a condition characterized by overly exuberant wound healing causing excessive connective tissue builds up in the liver. In other words, hepatic fibrosis is a portion of the liver which was affected by scar formation.

The exact causes of liver fibrosis are unknown. However, certain risk factors such as repeated liver injury caused by a virus infection, and a blockage in the bile ducts are found to elaborate on the onset of liver fibrosis.

Long-term untreated liver fibrosis can lead to cirrhosis, a condition of severe scarring of the liver, and life-threatening liver disease, including liver cancer.

The most common scale to grade the stage of liver fibrosis is the METAVIR scoring system. By examining the grade and stage of liver fibrosis of patients, their doctors can now determine the degree of severity to which patients' liver is affected.

The severity of the grades ranges from A0 to A3:
A0: No activity
A1: mild activity
A2: moderate activity
A3: severe activity

The severity of fibrosis stages ranges from F0 to F4:
F0: No fibrosis
F1: Portal fibrosis without septa
F2: portal fibrosis with few septa
F3: Numerous septa without cirrhosis
F4: cirrhosis, the most severe stage of fibrosis


Broccoli is a mustard/cabbage plant, belonging to the family Brassicaceae. The veggie has large flower heads, usually green in color with a mass of flower heads surrounded by leaves and evolved from a wild cabbage plant from the continent of Europe.

With an aim to find a natural food for the prevention and treatment of liver diseases, researchers examined the effect of the potential crucial pathways involved in ameliorating liver fibrosis of the rapeseed protein-derived peptide DHNNPQIR (RAP-8).

According to the analysis of the fibrotic and RAP-8 treated mice by measuring cell cycle and oxidative stress in LX-2 cells and liver samples,

* RAP-8 treated mice showed a change of modules that were mainly enriched in cell division, nuclear division, and mitotic cell cycle process by alternating the Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes associated with enriched in the cell cycle.

* More precisely, the regulations of three core genes (Cenpp, Cyp2c55, Serpinh1) by RAP-8 were verified to target for treating liver fibrosis.

* RAP-8 induced cell cycle arrest and prevents oxidation stress in the induction of liver fibrosis

Based on the results, researchers wrote, " As a promising therapeutic candidate for hepatic fibrosis treatment, RAP-8 exhibited anti-fibrotic effects via exerting cell cycle arrest and inhibiting oxidative stress."

And "However, because variability exists in the timing and methods of detection for SFN conjugate levels, it is difficult to compare systemic SFN levels across studies".

In other words, SFN protects the integrity of the neurons against neuron damage through its anti-neuroinflammatory and neuroprotective activities.

Taken altogether, rapeseed protein may be considered a supplement for the prevention and treatment of liver fibrosis, pending the confirmation of the larger sample size and multicenter human study.


Natural Medicine for Fatty Liver And Obesity Reversal - The Revolutionary Findings To Achieve Optimal Health And Lose Weight

How To Get Rid Of Eye Floaters
Contrary To Professional Prediction, Floaters Can Be Cured Naturally

Ovarian Cysts And PCOS Elimination
Holistic System In Existence That Will Show You. How-To
Permanently Eliminate All Types of Ovarian Cysts Within 2 Months

Back to Kyle J. Norton's Homepage http://kylejnorton.blogspot.ca


Author Biography
Kyle J. Norton (Scholar, Master of Nutrition, All rights reserved)
Health article writer and researcher; Over 10,000 articles and research papers have been written and published online, including worldwide health, ezine articles, article base, health blogs, self-growth, Best Before it's news, the karate GB Daily, etc.,.
Named TOP 50 MEDICAL ESSAYS FOR ARTISTS & AUTHORS TO READ by Disilgold.com Named 50 of the best health Tweeters Canada - Huffington Post
Nominated for Shorty Award over last 4 years
Some articles have been used as references in medical research, such as the international journal Pharma and Bioscience, ISSN 0975-6299.

Sources
(1) RAP-8 ameliorates liver fibrosis by modulating cell cycle and oxidative stress by Xu H1, Hong S1, Yan Z2, Zhao Q1, Shi Y2, Song N1, Xie J2, Jiang X. (PubMed)

#Sinigrin Reduces Numbers Aberrant Crypt Foci Against Colon Cancer through Its Apoptotic Activity, Researchers Find

Kyle J. Norton


The bioactive compound Sinigrin may be used for the prevention and treatment of aberrant crypt foci (ACF) in the lining of the colon and rectum, according to studies.

Aberrant crypt foci is a condition of clusters of abnormal tube-like glands in the lining of the colon and rectum. The condition can be subclassified into dysplastic, nondysplastic, or mixed type.

Crypt cells of the colon renew the lining of the intestine and produce mucus.

Epidemiological studies suggested that aberrant crypt foci have been found to form before colorectal polyps, the main cause of colon cancer.

According to the high magnification chromoendoscopy, aberrant cryptic foci are stained darker than normal crypts.

And, dysplastic ACF is found in 25- 30% of all patients with colon cancer due to the genetic preposition of mutation of KRAS.

Where KRAS protein is associated with the regulation of cell proliferation under normal conditions.

Dr. Takayama T and colleagues in the investigation of aberrant crypt foci in gene abnormalities and risk of colon cancer, wrote, "ACF, particularly dysplastic ACF, are precursor lesions of the adenoma-carcinoma sequence in humans. In most sporadic ACF, K-ras mutations were positive, but APC mutations were negative irrespective of nondysplastic or dysplastic features".

And, "In most sporadic ACF, K-ras mutations were positive, but APC mutations were negative irrespective of nondysplastic or dysplastic features. Conversely, in most ACF from familial adenomatous polyposis patients, APC mutations were positive but K-ras mutations were negative".

The results strongly support the genetic mutation of gene KRAS involved in the initiation of dysplastic crypt foci.

Sinigrin is a phytochemical glucosinolate, that belongs to the family of glucosides found abundantly in Brussels sprouts, broccoli, the seeds of black mustard, etc.

Scientists on finding a bioactive compound for the protection of colonic mucosal crypts against the aberrant crypt foci investigated the effect of oral administration of the isolated glucosinolate sinigrin in the suppression of aberrant crypt foci in the colonic mucosa of rats treated with 1,2-dimethylhydrazine (DMH).

During the experiment, glucosinolate sinigrin found in Brussels sprout modulated crypt cell apoptosis and mitosis, and the frequency of aberrant crypt foci in the colon.

Oral administration of uncooked Brussels sprouts, whether as a juice or as a freeze-dried powder, was associated with significantly enhanced levels of apoptosis and reduced mitosis in the colonic crypts.

The findings strongly suggested that the inhibition of colonic mucosal crypts was attributed to other chemical compounds found in freeze-dried raw, microwave-cooked Brussels sprouts and sprout juice.

In-depth analysis of the activity, researchers found that the efficacy was attributed to the glucosinolate breakdown products derived from Brassica vegetables on the balance of colorectal cell proliferation and death in an animal model of precancerous colon polyp.

Additionally, in order to reveal more information about the sinigrin effects on the colonic mucosal crypts, researchers examined the sinigrin on the intestinal mucosa of rats treated with dimethylhydrazine (DMH).

Sinigrin was shown to inhibit the aberrant crypt foci at 18, 24, 38, 48, and 72 h after injection, compared to control groups that were given DMH only, or a sham injection.

Before the injection of sinigrin, tested rats showed higher numbers of aberrant crypt foci in colonic tissue from both groups of DMH-treated rats and the controls.

Moreover, the experiment of rats given sinigrin (400 microg/g diet) 22 h after the second of two injections of DMH, showed that sinigrin reduced numbers of ACF by increasing the levels of apoptosis compared to those of higher DMH and controls.

The findings clearly support the use of sinigrin for the protection of colonic mucosal crypts.


Taken altogether, sinigrin in the form of glucosinolates, the sulfur compounds may be considered a supplement for the prevention and treatment of aberrant crypt foci, pending the confirmation of a larger sample size and multicenter human study.

Natural Medicine for Fatty Liver And Obesity Reversal - The Revolutionary Findings To Achieve Optimal Health And Lose Weight

How To Get Rid Of Eye Floaters
Contrary To Professional Prediction, Floaters Can Be Cured Naturally

Ovarian Cysts And PCOS Elimination
Holistic System In Existence That Will Show You How To
Permanently Eliminate All Types of Ovarian Cysts Within 2 Months

Back to Kyle J. Norton's Homepage http://kylejnorton.blogspot.ca


Author Biography
Kyle J. Norton (Scholar, Master of Nutrition, All rights reserved)
Health article writer and researcher; Over 10,000 articles and research papers have been written and published online, including worldwide health, ezine articles, article base, health blogs, self-growth, Best Before it's news, the karate GB Daily, etc.,.
Named TOP 50 MEDICAL ESSAYS FOR ARTISTS & AUTHORS TO READ by Disilgold.com Named 50 of the best health Tweeters Canada - Huffington Post
Nominated for Shorty Award over last 4 years
Some articles have been used as references in medical research, such as the international journal Pharma and Bioscience, ISSN 0975-6299.

Sources
(1) Effects of Brassica vegetable juice on the induction of apoptosis and aberrant crypt foci in rat colonic mucosal crypts in vivo by Smith TK1, Mithen R, Johnson IT. (PubMed)
(2) Inhibition of dimethylhydrazine-induced aberrant crypt foci and induction of apoptosis in rat colon following oral administration of the glucosinolate sinigrin by Smith TK1, Lund EK, Johnson IT. (PubMed)
(3) Aberrant crypt foci: detection, gene abnormalities, and clinical usefulness by Takayama T1, Miyanishi K, Hayashi T, Kukitsu T, Takanashi K, Ishiwatari H, Kogawa T, Abe T, Niitsu Y. (PubMed)