#BrassicaOleraceaVegetablesJuices Inhibit the Onset of Breast Cancer through Its Anti-Proliferative Activity, Researchers Say

Kyle J. Norton

Cancer is a class of diseases in which a group of cells grow and multiply disorderly and uncontrollably in our body.

The prevalence of breast cancer has been acknowledged in the scientific community worldwide. Breast cancer widespread in women in Southeast Asia as a result of over 2 decades of economic prosperity caused by an unhealthy diet is a major concern.

The women's breasts are made up of specialized tissue that produces milk (glandular tissue) and fatty tissue. The size of a woman's breast is totally determined by the amount of fat.

Breast cancer is a medical condition characterized by cell growth irregularly and disorderly in the breast tissue.

Most cases of breast cancer start in the cells on the surface of the inner lining of the breast tissue before spreading into deeper layers of the breast.

Breast cancer is first noticed as a painless lump in the breast or armpit and is most often discovered by the women themselves.

Breast skin irritation or dimpling, nipple pain, nipple retraction (turning inward), redness, and scaliness that cannot be healed within 3 weeks are also the signs and symptoms of breast cancer.

According to statistics, the risk of getting invasive breast cancer during the lifetime of a woman is 1/8.

People who inherited the genetic preposition of BRCA1 and 2 are associated with over 60% of the risk of breast cancer.

However, an unhealthy diet and lifestyle are some of the preventable risk factors that form a major cause of breast cancer onset.


In postmenopause, weight control is the major factor throughout life that appears to prevent breast cancer after menopause.

Daily physical activity and reduced intake of alcohol throughout life are associated with reduced risk of developing pre- and postmenopausal breast cancer, however, smoking during adolescence or early adulthood increases later risk of breast cancer.

Interestingly, in the depth discussion of the diet pattern in the risk of breast cancer, researchers do not find a direct link to breast cancer risk.

These results suggested by actively following a healthy lifestyle and moderate exercise, the risk of breast cancer can be decreased substantially.

Kale is a species of Brassica Oleracea, belonging to the family Brassicaceae, native to coastal southern and western Europe. The veggie leaf is highly nutritious and cultivated as a food in most parts of Europe.

In finding a potent compound for the prevention and treatment of cancers, researchers examined the antiproliferative activity of juice obtained from leaves of several varieties of Brassica oleracea on both estrogen receptor (ER)-positive (ER+; MCF-7 and BT474) and ER-negative (ER-; MDA-MB-231 and BT20) human breast cancer cell lines.

At low concentrations to a final concentration 5-15 mL/L,
* All cauliflower varieties tested suppressed cell proliferation in a dose-dependent manner.

* Although no evidence of apoptosis was found, cancer cell growth inhibition was accompanied by significant cell death at the higher juice concentrations.

* All juices showed a preference in the inhibition of breast cancer cells compared with other mammalian cell lines, such as ECV304, VERO, Hep2, 3T3, and MCF-10A.

In the cell levels, all juices exerted the inhibition of proliferation associated with significantly reduced CDK6 expression, and an increased level of p27 involved cell division and cell cycle arrest, respectively, in ER+ cells but not in ER- cells.

Based on the results, researchers said, "the edible part of Brassica oleracea contains substances that can markedly inhibit the growth of both ER+ and ER- human breast cancer cells, although through different mechanisms".

Taken together, kale, a member of cruciferous vegetables may be considered a functional food for the treatment of breast cancer, pending the confirmation of the larger sample size and multicenter human study.


Natural Medicine for Fatty Liver And Obesity Reversal - The Revolutionary Findings To Achieve Optimal Health And Lose Weight

How To Get Rid Of Eye Floaters
Contrary To Professional Prediction, Floaters Can Be Cured Naturally

Ovarian Cysts And PCOS Elimination
Holistic System In Existence That Will Show You How-To
Permanently Eliminate All Types of Ovarian Cysts Within 2 Months

Back to Kyle J. Norton's Homepage http://kylejnorton.blogspot.ca


Author Biography
Kyle J. Norton (Scholar, Master of Nutrition, All rights reserved)
Health article writer and researcher; Over 10,000 articles and research papers have been written and published online, including worldwide health, ezine articles, article base, health blogs, self-growth, Best Before it's news, the karate GB daily, etc.,.
Named TOP 50 MEDICAL ESSAYS FOR ARTISTS & AUTHORS TO READ by Disilgold.com Named 50 of the best health Tweeters Canada - Huffington Post
Nominated for Shorty Award over last 4 years
Some articles have been used as references in medical research, such as the international journal Pharma and Bioscience, ISSN 0975-6299.

Sources
(1) Mechanisms of action and antiproliferative properties of Brassica oleracea juice in human breast cancer cell lines by Brandi G1, Schiavano GF, Zaffaroni N, De Marco C, Paiardini M, Cervasi B, Magnani M. (PubMed)

#Phytochemical #Betanin Inhibits the Risk of Acute Kidney Injury Associated with Overexpression of Oxidativestress, Scientists Suggest

Kyle J. Norton

Acute inflammation is a condition that lasts in the short term caused by an immune system response to the injury.
Symptoms of pain, redness, immobility (loss of function), swelling, and heat may occur within minutes or hours, depending on the size and penetration of the wound.

Overproduction of proinflammatory cytokines induced by the immune response may cause damage or death of nearby healthy cells, leading to the formation of scars.

The symptoms may disappear sooner in people with a stronger immune system compared to the elderly and the wound is covered quickly in a few days.


However, if the wound is quite large, then some stitches may be needed and the wound recovery will go through 4 overlapped stages, including

* The stage of hemostasis is the process of the wound being closed by clotting.
* The second stage is involved in the production of inflammatory cytokines in the prevention of infection.
* The third stage is proliferation in which the wound is rebuilt with new tissues made up of collagen and extracellular matrix.
and
* The masturbating stage in which collagens are converted, the recovery is completed, and the wound is fully closed.

Any interruption of the overlapped stage may induce the formation of scars similar to those of overproduction of inflammatory cytokines.

Unfortunately, if the immune system can not kill off all invaders over a short period of time normally between 3 to 8 weeks, it will compromise, leading to chronic inflammation in facilitating several chronic diseases such as cardiovascular disease and diabetes.

Betanin is phytochemical in the class of red and yellow indole-derived pigments of Betacyanins, belonging to the group of Betalains, found abundantly in beets, chard, etc.

With an aim to discover a potential ingredient for the treatment of diseases associated with inflammation, researchers investigated the effects of the natural pigment betanin on oxidative stress and inflammation in the kidneys of paraquat-treated rats.

Selected rats were injected with Paraquat intraperitoneally to induce renal damage, then randomly divided into four groups: a control group, a paraquat group, and two paraquat groups that were treated with betanin at 25 and 100 mg/kg/d three days before and two days after paraquat administration.

Betanin treated group showed a significant effect in alleviating the paraquat-incurred acute kidney injury, evidenced by histological improvement, reducing serum and urine markers for kidney injury compared to the untreated group.

The bioactive compound also attenuated the inflammation induced by the injection of Paraquat observed by the reduced expression of inflammatory proteins.

Furthermore, betanin also inhibits the kidney's oxidative stress through its antioxidant activity.


Based on the findings, researchers said, "betanin may have a protective effect against paraquat-induced acute kidney damage. The mechanisms of the protection appear to be the inhibition of oxidative stress and inflammation".

Taken altogether, betanin may be considered a supplement for the prevention and treatment of diseases associated with inflammation, pending the confirmation of a larger sample size and multicenter human study.

Intake of betanin in the form of supplements should be taken with extreme care to prevent overdose acute liver toxicity.

Natural Medicine for Fatty Liver And Obesity Reversal - The Revolutionary Findings To Achieve Optimal Health And Lose Weight

How To Get Rid Of Eye Floaters
Contrary To Professional Prediction, Floaters Can Be Cured Naturally

Ovarian Cysts And PCOS Elimination
Holistic System In Existence That Will Show You How To
Permanently Eliminate All Types of Ovarian Cysts Within 2 Months

Back to Kyle J. Norton's Homepage http://kylejnorton.blogspot.ca


Author Biography
Kyle J. Norton (Scholar, Master of Nutrition, All rights reserved)
Health article writer and researcher; Over 10,000 articles and research papers have been written and published online, including worldwide health, ezine articles, article base, health blogs, self-growth, Best Before it's news, the karate GB daily, etc.,.
Named TOP 50 MEDICAL ESSAYS FOR ARTISTS & AUTHORS TO READ by Disilgold.com Named 50 of the best health Tweeters Canada - Huffington Post
Nominated for Shorty Award over last 4 years
Some articles have been used as references in medical research, such as the international journal Pharma and Bioscience, ISSN 0975-6299.

Sources
(1) Betanin attenuates oxidative stress and inflammatory reaction in kidneys of paraquat-treated rats by Tan D1, Wang Y2, Bai B1, Yang X2, Han J. (PubMed)
(2) Mechanism of interaction of betanin and indicaxanthin with human myeloperoxidase and hypochlorous acid by Allegra M1, Furtmüller PG, Jantschko W, Zederbauer M, Tesoriere L, Livrea MA, Obinger C. (PubMed)

#Brassicarapa (EBR) Inhibits the Onset of #Cisplatin-induced #Nephrotoxicity Associated with Oxidative stress, Reserachers Show

Kyle J. Norton

Kidneys are 2 bean-shaped organs found on the left and right side of the retroperitoneal space in the body.
The function of the kidneys is to filter blood and control fluids. They are the second detoxed organs besides the liver and skin.

Due to millions of tiny filters called nephrons in each kidney, people may not experience any kidney dysfunction symptoms at an early stage.

Kidney diseases are a class of medical conditions associated with reduced function of the kidney, in cases, complete loss of kidney function such as kidney failure.

Believe it or not, in the US, the leading causes of kidney failure and the end stage of chronic kidney diseases are diabetes and high blood pressure.

Nephrotoxicity or acute kidney failure is a condition of toxicity in the kidneys.

The disease is caused by the poisonous effect of prolonged use of certain medications and the accumulation of harmful chemicals.

According to the American Physician Association, long-term use of penicillins, cephalosporins, sulfonamides, thiazide diuretics, furosemide, NSAIDs, and rifampicin are associated with increased damage to the kidney.

And people aged over 60 are at increased risk of nephrotoxicity if the above medicines are prescribed for prolonged periods.

Oxidative stress is a condition caused by an imbalance of the ratio of free radicals and antioxidants in the body.

In other words, oxidative stress is either caused by overexpression of free radicals or depletion of antioxidant enzymes in the body.

Long-term oxidative stress in the body can cause protein and lipid damage and alternation of cell DNA, leading to chronic diseases, including cardiovascular disease, diabetes, cancer, and nephrotoxicity.

Brassica rapa is a species of plant including turnip, napa cabbage, and bok choy.
On finding a potential plant that protects the kidney against damage, researchers compared the effects of ethanol extract from the roots of Brassica rapa (EBR) on cisplatin-induced nephrotoxicity associated with oxidative stress.

Before treatment with EBR, cisplatin decreased the antioxidant enzyme activity such as glutathione peroxidase (GPx), superoxide dismutase (SOD), and catalase (CAT) in the cells.

Furthermore, A single dose of cisplatin (7 mg/kg, i.p.) causes kidney damage manifested by an elevation in blood urea nitrogen (BUN), serum creatinine, and urine lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) levels and oxidative stress malondialdehyde (MDA) production, and activities of aldehyde oxidase (AO) and xanthine oxidase (XO) in the kidney.

In vitro, LLC-PK1 cells pretreated by EBR prevented cisplatin-induced decreases in cell viability and cellular antioxidant GSH content.

Pretreatment of EBR, not only inhibited all parameters associated with the side effect caused by injection of cisplatin but also protected the kidney against damage induced by oxidative stress.

Based on the experimental results, researchers said, "This extract also recovered the reduced activities of GPx, SOD, and CAT. Taken together, our data indicate that the ethanol extract of the roots of Brassica rapa (EBR) has a protective effect against cisplatin-induced nephrotoxicity because it attenuates oxidative stress".

Natural Medicine for Fatty Liver And Obesity Reversal - The Revolutionary Findings To Achieve Optimal Health And Lose Weight

How To Get Rid Of Eye Floaters
Contrary To Professional Prediction, Floaters Can Be Cured Naturally

Ovarian Cysts And PCOS Elimination
Holistic System In Existence That Will Show You How-To
Permanently Eliminate All Types of Ovarian Cysts Within 2 Months

Back to Kyle J. Norton's Homepage http://kylejnorton.blogspot.ca


Author Biography
Kyle J. Norton (Scholar, Master of Nutrition, All rights reserved)
Health article writer and researcher; Over 10,000 articles and research papers have been written and published online, including worldwide health, ezine articles, article base, health blogs, self-growth, Best Before it's news, the Karate GB Daily, etc.,.
Named TOP 50 MEDICAL ESSAYS FOR ARTISTS & AUTHORS TO READ by Disilgold.com Named 50 of the best health Tweeters Canada - Huffington Post
Nominated for shorty award over last 4 years
Some articles have been used as references in medical research, such as the international journal Pharma and Bioscience, ISSN 0975-6299.

Sources
(1) Protective effect of the ethanol extract of the roots of Brassica rapa on cisplatin-induced nephrotoxicity in LLC-PK1 cells and rats by Kim YH1, Kim YW, Oh YJ, Back NI, Chung SA, Chung HG, Jeong TS, Choi MS, Lee KT. (PubMed)

#Tomato's #Lycopene, a Non-Provitamin A #Carotenoid, Inhibits the Risk of Non-alcoholic Steatohepatitis NASH, Researchers Say

Kyle J. Norton

Nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH), is a type of inflammatory non-alcoholic fatty liver disease caused by a buildup of fat in the liver.

Most cases of NASH if untreated can lead to liver scars or building up of scars over time, a condition of liver cirrhosis, and one of the most common causes of liver cancer.

Most people with non-inflammatory-alcoholic fatty liver disease are asymptomatic, however, the inflammation caused by non-alcoholic steatohepatitis may induce liver damage, leading to a reduced function of the liver that orchestrates the onset of liver symptoms.

The most common symptoms are abdominal swelling, enlarged blood vessels just beneath the skin's surface, enlarged spleen, red palms, and jaundice.

If you have experienced some of the aforementioned symptoms that do not recede in a short period of time, you may have some forms of liver disease. Please check with your doctor to rule out the possibility.

Out of many prevalent factors associated with increased risk of non-alcoholic steatohepatitis, some researchers suggested the rise of the condition in the US population may be correlated to the promotion of the Western diet over the past few decades.

Dr. H. Cortez-Pinto, the lead scientist said, " Comparison of their diet history with control data (C) revealed that carbohydrate consumption was lower in patients (P): P—243.6±5.7g vs. C—261.5±1.6g, P<0.05, and most patients had very low fiber intake. Conversely, total fat consumption was higher in patients: P—79.7±1.7g vs. 73.0±0.4, P<0.01. A significantly higher intake of n-6 fatty acids (P=0.003) and the then-6/n-3 ratio was found in patients, P<0.001".

And, "Our results suggest that the quality and combination of carbohydrates and fat intake may be more relevant than their isolated amount; an increased fat intake with an excessive amount of n-6 fatty acids can be implicated in promoting necro-inflammation, and provides further grounds for individualized dietary therapy".

Tomato is a red, edible fruit, genus Solanum, belonging to the family Solanaceae, native to South America. Because of its health benefits, the tomato is grown worldwide for the commercial purpose
and often in the greenhouse.

In the urgency to discover healthy foods for the treatment of liver disease, researchers examined the effect of lycopene, a non-provitamin A carotenoid, and the pigment principally responsible for the characteristic deep-red color of ripe tomato and tomato products on subjects with non-alcoholic steatohepatitis.


According to the review of the epidemiological study, tomato extract supplementation showed a significant protective effect against HFD-induced hepatic inflammation compared to supplementation of lycopene.

In patients with NASH, increased levels of plasma lycopene may have a strong impact on the progression of NASH as patients have been shown to have significantly reduced plasma lycopene.


In vivo, dietary lycopene inhibits liver carcinogen-induced preneoplastic lesions in the rat liver which was effective in reducing NASH-promotion in rats.


The efficacy of lycopene in the inhibition of NASH and another chronic disease may be associated with the body's lycopene metabolism involved in both the chemical and enzymatic modifications.


Furthermore, in vivo synthesis of ACR from lycopene was shown to attenuate hepatic steatosis, by decreasing the macrophage-conditioned medium-induced and TNFα-mediated induction of pro-inflammatory cytokine and chemokines.

Taken together, tomatoes processed with a high amount of lycopene may be considered dietary supplements for the prevention and treatment of NASH, pending to large sample size and multicenter human study.

Intake of lycopene in the form of a supplement should be taken with extreme care to prevent overdose acute liver toxicity.

Natural Medicine for Fatty Liver And Obesity Reversal - The Revolutionary Findings To Achieve Optimal Health And Lose Weight

How To Get Rid Of Eye Floaters
Contrary To Professional Prediction, Floaters Can Be Cured Naturally

Ovarian Cysts And PCOS Elimination
Holistic System In Existence That Will Show You How To
Permanently Eliminate All Types of Ovarian Cysts Within 2 Months

Back to Kyle J. Norton's Homepage http://kylejnorton.blogspot.ca


Author Biography
Kyle J. Norton (Scholar, Master of Nutrition, All rights reserved)
Health article writer and researcher; Over 10,000 articles and research papers have been written and published online, including worldwide health, ezine articles, article base, health blogs, self-growth, Best Before it's news, the karate GB Daily, etc.,.
Named TOP 50 MEDICAL ESSAYS FOR ARTISTS & AUTHORS TO READ by Disilgold.com Named 50 of the best health Tweeters Canada - Huffington Post
Nominated for Shorty Award over last 4 years
Some articles have been used as references in medical research, such as the international journal Pharma and Bioscience, ISSN 0975-6299.

Sources
(1) Non-alcoholic steatohepatitis and hepatocellular carcinoma: implications for lycopene intervention by Ip BC1, Wang XD. (PubMed)
(2) How different is the dietary pattern in non-alcoholic steatohepatitis patients? by H. Cortez-Pintoa, L. Jesusa, H. Barrosc, C. Lopesc, M.C. Mourab, and M.E. Camiloa. (Clinical Nutrition)

#ManukaHoney (MH) and #TualangHoney (TH) Process a Strong Anti-Bacterial Infection Activity, According to Studies

Kyle J. Norton

Scientists may have found natural alternative antibiotics for the treatment of diseases caused by a bacterial infection, some studies found.

Infection is a medical condition caused by bacteria multiplication after entering the body.

Most bacteria are killed off by the white blood cells of the first line of defense of the immune system before they can enter the body.

In this stage, the immune systematic response stimulates the production of proteins associated with the production of coagulation to seal the wound and damage and pro-inflammatory cytokines to destroy the invaded bacteria, leading to symptoms of fever, and skin redness in the infected area.

However, if they enter the body successfully, they can initiate infection through the stage of incubation where bacteria multiply in the specific tissues and organs, leading to colonization and facilitating disease development.

Patients with acute bacterial infection usually recover in a short period of time within 3 weeks.

Some bacterial pathogens can establish life-long chronic infections in the host by the persistent establishment after an acute infection period.


Dr. Young D, the lead scientist, at the Technology and Medicine, said," Bacteria have evolved specific pathogenic mechanisms and harbor sets of genes that contribute to the establishment of a persistent lifestyle that leads to chronic infection"

" Persistent bacterial infection may involve occupation of a particular tissue type or organ or modification of the intracellular environment within eukaryotic cells".

"Bacteria appear to adapt their immediate environment to favor survival and may hijack essential immunoregulatory mechanisms designed to minimize immune pathology or the inappropriate activation of immune effectors".

These results firmly suggested that if you have a weakened immune system you are at a higher risk to the onset of chronic bacterial infection.


Honey is a miraculous product made by bees using nectar from flowers.

The rich golden liquid is considered of healthy sweet food for replacing the use of white sugar and artificial sweeteners by many people.

On finding natural sources as a new antibiotic with no side effects, researchers examine the Manuka honey (MH) antibacterial effect in bioactive wound dressings.
Epidemiological studies suggested that MH provides unique antibacterial activity compared to conventional kinds of honey, due to its constituents, methylglyoxal (MGO).

In the evaluation of the antibacterial activity of both MH and MGO (at equivalent MGO concentrations) when applied as a physical coating to a nonwoven fabric wound dressing, researchers found that* Application of concentrations of 0.0054 mg cm-2 of MGO in the form of MH and MGO is sufficient to achieve a 100 colony-forming unit % bacteria reduction against gram-positive Staphylococcus aureus and gram-negative Klebsiella pneumonia.

* However, a 3- to 20-fold increase in MGO concentration (0.0170-0.1 mg cm-2) was required to facilitate a good antibacterial effect.

These results suggested that Manuka honey antibacterial activity is processed a linearly and MGO concentration-dependent manner.


Dr. Bulman SEL, the lead scientist said, "The results presented in this study, therefore, demonstrate the relevance of an MGO-based coating as an environmentally friendly strategy for the design of functional dressings with antibiotic-free antimicrobial chemistries".

Additionally, in the investigation of the traditional use of Tualang honey (TH) for the treatment of bacterial infection against various microorganisms, including those from burn-related diagnoses, compared the anti-antibacterial activity of Aquacel-Tualang honey, Aquacel-Manuka honey, Aquacel-Ag, and Aquacel- plain dressings against bacteria isolated from patients.

Four types of Gram-negative bacteria, namely Enterobacter cloacae, Klebsiella pneumonia, Pseudomonas spp., and Acinetobacter spp., and three Gram-positive bacteria, namely Staphylococcus aureus, coagulase-negative Staphylococcus aureus (CONS), and Streptococcus spp. were included in the study.

All tested agents showed a significant effect inhibiting the total bacterial count on day 6 and onwards.


Aquacel-Ag and Aquacel-Manuka honey dressings gave a better zone of inhibition for Gram-positive bacteria compared to Aquacel-Tualang honey dressing.

The comparable results were also found in the Aquacel-Manuka honey and Aquacel-Tualang honey dressing against Gram-negative bacteria.

Researchers after taking into account co and confounders suggested that Tualang honey has a bactericidal as well as bacteriostatic effect and is easier to apply and less sticky compared to Manuka honey.

Taken together, there is no doubt that Manuka honey (MH) and Tualang honey (TH) may be considered a functional remedy for the prevention and treatment of bacterial infection. However, before they can be used as antibiotics similar to those of conventional medicine, a larger and multicenter human study is necessary to reconfirm the viability.


Natural Medicine for Fatty Liver And Obesity Reversal - The Revolutionary Findings To Achieve Optimal Health And Lose Weight

How To Get Rid Of Eye Floaters
Contrary To Professional Prediction, Floaters Can Be Cured Naturally

Ovarian Cysts And PCOS Elimination
Holistic System In Existence That Will Show You How-To
Permanently Eliminate All Types of Ovarian Cysts Within 2 Months

Back to Kyle J. Norton's Homepage http://kylejnorton.blogspot.ca


Author Biography
Kyle J. Norton (Scholar, Master of Nutrition, All rights reserved)
Health article writer and researcher; Over 10,000 articles and research papers have been written and published online, including worldwide health, ezine articles, article base, health blogs, self-growth, Best Before it's news, the karate GB Daily, etc.,.
Named TOP 50 MEDICAL ESSAYS FOR ARTISTS & AUTHORS TO READ by Disilgold.com Named 50 of the best health Tweeters Canada - Huffington Post
Nominated for Shorty Award over last 4 years
Some articles have been used as references in medical research, such as the international journal Pharma ISSN 0975-6299.

Sources
(1) Antibacterial Properties of Nonwoven Wound Dressings Coated with Manuka Honey or Methylglyoxal by Bulman SEL1, Tronci G2, Goswami P3, Carr C4, Russell SJ5.(PubMed)
(2) Antibacterial properties of tualang honey and its effect in burn wound management: a comparative study by Nasir NA1, Halim AS, Singh KK, Dorai AA, Haneef MN.(PubMed)
(3) The antibacterial properties of Malaysian tualang honey against wound and enteric microorganisms in comparison to manuka honey by Tan HT1, Rahman RA, Gan SH, Halim AS, Hassan SA, Sulaiman SA, Kirnpal-Kaur B.(PubMed)
(4) Chronic bacterial infections: living with unwanted guests by Young D1, Hussell T, Dougan G.(PubMed)

#Sinigrin Inhibits Parameters Associated with #FungalInfection, Scientists Say

Kyle J. Norton

The bioactive compound Sinigrin may be used as antibiotic for the treatment of fungal infection, studies suggested.
Antibiotics are conventional medicines used for the treatment of microbial infections except for viruses.

Fungi are a kind of living organism, including molds, molds, and mushrooms.

Most cases of fungal infections start in the lungs or on the skin. People with a weakened immune system or long-term use of antibiotics and immune-suppressive medicine are prone to getting a fungal infection.

Histoplasmosis, which is the most common fungal infection in the US, is caused by the dimorphic fungus Histoplasma capsulatum var. capsulatum.

However, invasive candidiasis is a common infection, approximately 46,000 cases of invasive candidiasis are diagnosed in the US each year.


Believe it or not, there are millions of different fungal species on the Earth, but only about 300 of those make people sick.

Most cases of fungal infection are treated with antibiotics topically or orally.

The untreated fungal infection may cause the spread of fungi to the bloodstream, leading to serious complications including death depending on type of fungal infection.

Sinigrin is a phytochemical glucosinolate, belongs to the family of glucosides found abundantly in Brussels sprouts, broccoli, the seeds of black mustard, etc.

Researchers with an aim to find a natural ingredient used by traditional medicine for the treatment of fungal infection investigated the effect of sinigrin in the form of isothiocyanates (ITCs)against Alternaria brassicicola.

Exposure of the fungus to ICTs led to apoptosis through the decreased oxygen consumption rate, intracellular accumulation of reactive oxygen species (ROS), and mitochondrial membrane depolarization.

The effects of fungal-induced infection on the activation of the mitogen-activated protein (MAP) kinase signaling pathway involved in directing cellular responses to a diverse array of stimuli, were inhibited by the presence of ICTs.

The injection of ICTs also induced the expression of oxygen-reactive species in killing the fungi through cytotoxicity.

However, ICT-derived ROS was also countered by the expression of different oxidative-response genes stimulated by the Alternaria brassicicola.

The findings strongly suggested that ITCs exert their toxicity on fungal cells.

Taken together, sinigrin in the form of isothiocyanates (ITCs) may be considered a supplement for the prevention and treatment of fungal infection, pending the confirmation of a larger sample size and multicenter human study.

Intake of sinigrin as a supplement should be taken with extreme care to prevent overdose-induced liver toxicity.

Natural Medicine for Fatty Liver And Obesity Reversal - The Revolutionary Findings To Achieve Optimal Health And Lose Weight

How To Get Rid Of Eye Floaters
Contrary To Professional Prediction, Floaters Can Be Cured Naturally

Ovarian Cysts And PCOS Elimination
Holistic System In Existence That Will Show You How To
Permanently Eliminate All Types of Ovarian Cysts Within 2 Months

Back to Kyle J. Norton's Homepage http://kylejnorton.blogspot.ca


Author Biography
Kyle J. Norton (Scholar, Master of Nutrition, All rights reserved)
Health article writer and researcher; Over 10,000 articles and research papers have been written and published online, including worldwide health, ezine articles, article base, health blogs, self-growth, best before it's news, the karate GB daily, etc.,.
Named TOP 50 MEDICAL ESSAYS FOR ARTISTS & AUTHORS TO READ by Disilgold.com Named 50 of the best health Tweeters Canada - Huffington Post
Nominated for shorty award over last 4 years
Some articles have been used as references in medical research, such as the international journal Pharma and Bioscience, ISSN 0975-6299.

Sources
(1) Glucosinolate-derived isothiocyanates impact mitochondrial function in fungal cells and elicit an oxidative stress response necessary for growth recovery by Benoit Calmes,1,† Guillaume N’Guyen,1,† Jérome Dumur,1 Carlos A. Brisach,1Claire Campion,1 Béatrice Iacomi,2 Sandrine Pigné,2 Eva Dias,1 David Macherel,1Thomas Guillemette,1 and Philippe Simoneau. (PMC)

#Cucurbitacin B Found in #Cuccumber Inhibits Non Small Lung Cancer Cells through G2/M Cell-Cycle Arrest and Mitochondrial Apoptosis

Kyle J. Norton

Lung cancer is a medical condition that causes abnormal growth of the cells in the lung's tissue. The most common form of primary lung cancer is derived from epithelial cells.

Non-small lung cancer is the most common type of lung cancer that accounts for 80% to 85% of all cases of lung cancers, usually grows and spreads methodically and predictably.

The most common types of lung cancers include
* Squamous-cell carcinoma often found in an outer area of the lung

* Large-cell carcinoma found in the center of the lung by an air tube

* Adenocarcinoma is found in any part of the lung.

According to the statistics provided by the American Cancer Society, lung cancer is a leading cause of death among both men and women. Most people diagnosed with lung cancer are 65 or older, compared to a very small number of people diagnosed who are younger than 45.


The most common prevalent factors of non-small cell lung cancer include

1. Smoking
Smoking is a major cause of lung cancer by enhancing oxidation stress by combining the inhaled air with cancer-causing chemical substances (carcinogens) in the cigarette.
Normally, our body can withstand and repair this damage, but prolonged exposure your lung to these dangerous carcinogens can result in lung cancer development.

2. Second-hand smoke
Prolonged exposure to second-hand smoke can also increase the risk of lung cancer.

3. Exposure to certain chemicals
There is an increased risk of lung cancer for people who inhale or are exposed to certain industrial chemicals such as radon gas, arsenic, chromium, nickel, etc. in the workplace.

4. Family history
The risk of lung cancer increases if one of the members of your direct family has lung cancer.

5. Lung disease
The risk of ling can caner increase if you have or previously had certain types of lung disease

6. Excessive drinking
According to the study by Freudenheim et al., R. Curtis Ellison MD suggested that alcohol intake of more than 2 drinks per day is associated with a small increased risk of lung cancer. This study, like others, suggests a weak, positive association with consuming larger amounts of alcohol (>2 drinks a day) and lung cancer risk.

Out of many risk factors, some researchers aging may be one of the major condition as most patients with lung cancer was diagnosed at the age of 65 and over.

Dr. Federico Venuta, the lead researcher wrote, "The respiratory system undergoes a number of structural, physiological, and immunological changes with age. For this reason, at this stage of our life, it is not always easy to differentiate disease from a normal state".

, "From the epidemiological point of view, early-stage lung cancer is observed more frequently in elderly patients; in fact, stage I disease increases from 79% in patients younger than 65 years to 87% in those above 75 years (25). Also, resectability obviously increases with age (1,26): from 15.3% in those younger than 54 years to 25% above 75 years".

The cucumber plant is a species of Cucumis Sativus, belonging to the family Cucurbitaceae and native to Western Asia. It is a creeping vine with roots in the ground and grows up with the support of frames.

With an aim to find a natural and potential compound for the treatment of non-small lung cancer (NSCLC) with no side effects, researchers investigated Cucurbitacin B (CuB), a natural compound isolated from cucumber and other vegetables anti-NSCLC in vitro.

Four NSCLC cells (H1299, A549, HCC-827, and H661) in vitro and the highly aggressive H1299 xenograft in vivo were included in the study.

According to the tested assays, CuB significantly induced G2/M cell-cycle arrest and mitochondrial apoptosis.

Injection by the thiol antioxidant N-acetylcysteine (NAC) in the experiment showed to attenuate all cellular effects of CuB completely.


Interestingly, pretreatment with glutathione synthesis inhibitor glutathione-sulfoxide (BSO), significantly exacerbated CuB's cytotoxic effects against the tested cancer cells in both vitro and vivo.

Further analysis of the anti-NSCLC efficacy of CuB, researchers found that CuB induces cell death via rapidly and significantly decrease the levels of protein thiols and GSH/GSSG ratio by disrupting cellular redox balance induced cytotoxicity.

Dr. Kausar H, the lead scientist said, "CuB interacts with and modulates cellular thiols to mediate its anti-cancer effects. Collectively, our data shed new light on the working mechanisms of CuB and demonstrate its therapeutic potential against NSCLC".

Furthermore, CuB also exerted anti-NSCLC in vitro and vivo CuB by exhibiting a strong anti-migratory and anti-invasive ability against metastatic NSCLC at nanomolar concentrations.


In other words, CuB showed significant tumor angiogenesis-inhibitory effects by the inhibition of migratory, invasive, and tube-forming capacities of human umbilical vein endothelial cells.

Moreover, in experimental EMT model CuB also suppressed the overexpression of protein associated with the production of proinflammatory cytokines in the initiation of cellular change and Wnt/β-catenin signaling axis in stimulating the production of formation of new blood vessels to facilitate cancer proliferation.

Taken altogether, cucumber processed with a high amount of CuB may be considered supplements for the prevention and treatment of non-small cell lung cancer, pending the confirmation of the larger sample size and multicenter human study.

Intake of CuB in the form of a supplement should be taken with extreme care to prevent overdose acute liver toxicity.

Natural Medicine for Fatty Liver And Obesity Reversal - The Revolutionary Findings To Achieve Optimal Health And Lose Weight

How To Get Rid Of Eye Floaters
Contrary To Professional Prediction, Floaters Can Be Cured Naturally

Ovarian Cysts And PCOS Elimination
Holistic System In Existence That Will Show You How-To
Permanently Eliminate All Types of Ovarian Cysts Within 2 Months

Back to Kyle J. Norton's Homepage http://kylejnorton.blogspot.ca


Author Biography
Kyle J. Norton (Scholar, Master of Nutrition, All rights reserved)
Health article writer and researcher; Over 10,000 articles and research papers have been written and published online, including worldwide health, ezine articles, article base, health blogs, self-growth, Best Before it's news, the karate GB daily, etc.,.
Named TOP 50 MEDICAL ESSAYS FOR ARTISTS & AUTHORS TO READ by Disilgold.com Named 50 of the best health Tweeters Canada - Huffington Post
Nominated for Shorty Award over last 4 years
Some articles have been used as references in medical research, such as the international journal Pharma and Bioscience, ISSN 0975-6299.

Sources
(1) Cucurbitacin B potently suppresses non-small-cell lung cancer growth: identification of intracellular thiols as critical targets by Kausar H1, Munagala R, Bansal SS, Aqil F, Vadhanam MV, Gupta RC. (PubMed)
(2) Cucurbitacin B inhibits the stemness and metastatic abilities of NSCLC via downregulation of canonical Wnt/β-catenin signaling axis by Shukla S1, Sinha S1, Khan S1, Kumar S2, Singh K3, Mitra K3, Maurya R2, Meeran SM. (PubMed)
(3) Lung cancer in elderly patients by Federico Venuta, Daniele Diso, Ilaria Onorati, Marco Anile, Sara Mantovani, and Erino A. Rendina. (PMC)