Tuesday, 8 August 2023

#Emodin Isolated from Herbal #CascaraSagrada Inhibits the Infection Induced by #HerpesSimplexVirus, Scientists Say

Kyle J. Norton

Herbal Cascara Sagrada may process a bioactive compound for the prevention and treatment of Herpes simplex virus (HSV) infection, according to studies.
Herpes simplex virus (HSV) belonging to the human Herpesviridae family is a class of viruses that cause viral infections in the majority of humans.

The herpes simplex virus (HSV) is very contagious.

Diseases associated with the infection of herpes simplex viruses 1 include the skin, mouth, lips, eyes, and genitals. In severe cases, the viruses also cause encephalitis, meningitis, and neonatal herpes.

HSV-2 usually causes genital lesions.

Ethnicity, gender, increase in age, sex without a condom, and people with HIV infection weakened immune system and are at a higher risk of HSV infection, particularly in people with certain sexual behavior.


Dr. Kalu E, the lead scientist at the Umuahia, Abia State in the concern of the sexual behavior in risk of HSV infection wrote, "Seroprevalence of HSV-2 antibody was 47.3%." and "Sexual behavioral factors that were significantly associated with HSV-2 seroprevalence included early exposure to sexual intercourse, number of sex partners, involvement in polygamous marriages, the involvement of husband in extra-marital affairs and hormonal contraceptive use".

The cross-sectional study design was adopted and the study took place between November 2011 and June 2012 with the participation of 410 consenting ante-natal clinic patients in two major tertiary hospitals in Benin City.


The finding clearly suggested that certain sexual behaviors are associated with the risk of Herpes simplex virus 1 (HSV1) infection.

Cascara sagrada is a species of buckthorn, genus Rhamnus, belonging to the family Rhamnaceae, native to western North America, its bark has been used in traditional medicine for gastrointestinal support. and it is thought to have a laxative and natural cleansing, etc.,

Researchers on the finding a natural product with no side effects for the treatment of Herpes simplex viruses (HSV-1 and -2), in the induction of AIDs, evaluated the effects of emodin, the major compound of Rheum tanguticum and Herbal Cascara Sagrada anti-HSV activity.

Emodin (3-methyl-1,6,8-trihydroxyanthraquinone) used in the study was obtained by extracting and purifying from herbal medicine.

The study was carried out In Vivo with the HSV-infected mice orally administered with emodin beginning at 24 h post-HSV exposures with dosages of 3.3 g/kg/day, 6.7 g/kg/day, and 11.3 g/kg/day, respectively, for 7 days.

During the experiment, the injection of emodin displayed significant inhibition of the replication of HSV-1 and HSV-2 in cell culture at the concentration of 50 μg/ml with an antiviral index of 2.07 and 3.53, respectively.

Emodin treatment increased the survival rate of HSV-infected mice, prolonged survival time, and showed higher efficacy of HSV elimination from the brain, heart, liver, and ganglion, compared to the viral controls.

Furthermore, the efficacy of emodin was found to exert a similar inhibition compared to that of conventional medicine, acyclovir.

Dr. Xiong HR and colleagues wrote in the final report, "Emodin has the anti-HSV activity in vitro and in vivo and is thus a promising agent in the clinical therapy of HSV infection".

Moreover, in order to reveal more information about the anti-herpes simplex virus activity of emodin, researchers examined the effect of the phytochemical compared to a small group of nucleoside analogs that target the viral polymerase.


Emodin specifically inhibited the nuclease activity of HSV-1 UL12 alkaline nuclease which plays a critical role in viral DNA replication, similar to that of nucleoside analogs, according to the biochemical assay.

Emodin reduced plaque formation or cell-to-cell spread, with an EC(50) of 21.5+/-4.4 muM, according to the plaque reduction assay.

Additionally, according to the docking analysis, the inhibitory effect of emodin on the UL12 activity also was associated with the interaction between emodin and critical catalytic amino acid residues of UL12 similar to that of nucleoside analogs.

Taken altogether, herbal Cascara Sagrada processed abundantly bioactive compound emodin may be considered a functional remedy for the prevention and combined with the primary medicine for the treatment of HSV-1 and -2 infections, pending the reconfirmation of large sample size and multicenter human study.

Natural Medicine for Fatty Liver And Obesity Reversal - The Revolutionary Findings To Achieve Optimal Health And Lose Weight

How To Get Rid Of Eye Floaters
Contrary To Professional Prediction, Floaters Can Be Cured Naturally

Ovarian Cysts And PCOS Elimination
Holistic System In Existence That Will Show You How To
Permanently Eliminate All Types of Ovarian Cysts Within 2 Months


Back to Kyle J. Norton's Homepage http://kylejnorton.blogspot.ca


Author Biography
Kyle J. Norton (Scholar, Master of Nutrition, All right reserved)
Health article writer and researcher; Over 10.000 articles and research papers have been written and published online, including worldwide health, ezine articles, article base, health blogs, self-growth, best before it's news, the Karate GB Daily, etc.,.
Named TOP 50 MEDICAL ESSAYS FOR ARTISTS & AUTHORS TO READ by Disilgold.com Named 50 of the best health Tweeters Canada - Huffington Post
Nominated for shorty award over last 4 years
Some articles have been used as references in medical research, such as the international journal Pharma and Bioscience, ISSN 0975-6299.


References
(1) The effect of emodin, an anthraquinone derivative extracted from the roots of Rheum tanguticum, against herpes simplex virus in vitro and in vivo by Xiong HR, Luo J, Hou W, Xiao H, Yang ZQ.(PubMed)
(2) Emodin is a novel alkaline nuclease inhibitor that suppresses herpes simplex virus type 1 yields in cell cultures by Hsiang CY, Ho TY.(PubMed)
(3) Sexual behavioral correlates with HSV-2 seroprevalence among pregnant women in Nigeria by Kalu EI1, Ojide CK, Fowotade A, Nwadike VU. (PubMed)

#Cucurbitacin B (CuB) Isolated from #Cucumbers Exerts a Strong #Antiangiogenic and #Antimetastatic Activities, Researchers Say

Kyle J. Norton

Metastasis is a process in which cancer cells travel a distance away from the originated site to induce secondary malignant growths.
Anti-metastasis is an action in which substances or substances are used including herbal medicine to stop the cancer cell to infect other healthy tissues a distance away from the primary tumor.

Most cancer drugs used in conventional medicine with the ability to block the migration of cancer cells are considered process antimetastatic activity.

In other words, anti-metastasis drugs are agents that interfere with all modes of cancer cell migration, compared to conventional cytostatic drugs involved in blocking cancer cell proliferation.

Angiogenesis is the process of stimulating the growth of new blood vessels from preexisting blood vessels used by the tumor to obtain nutrients in facilitating cancer proliferation.

Anti-angiogenic activity is an action in which substances such as drugs and herbal medicine are used to stop tumors from growing their own blood vessels.

Conventionally, medicines that block the block vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) from attaching to the receptors on the cells that line the blood vessels. such as bevacizumab (Avastin). Bevacizumab is considered anti-angiogenic drugs.

Believe it or not, as of today, there is no anti-metastatic drug on the market, even over 90 percent of cancer deaths today are due to metastasis formation. Dr. Stock AM, the lead scientist in the examined the targets for anti-metastatic drug development, wrote, "Tumor cell migration is the essential prerequisite for invasion and metastasis formation. It is regulated by signal substances in terms of the grade of activity and in terms of direction (chemotaxis)".

And, "Moreover we provide the example of beta-blockers, how established drugs in other indications are possibly effective and can be co-opted as such anti-metastatic".

The cucumber plant is a species of Cucumis Sativus, belongs to the family Cucurbitaceae, and is native to Western Asia. It is a creeping vine with roots in the ground and grows up with the support of frames.

Scientists in the urgency to find the natural compound for the treatment of cancer examined the effect of Cucurbitacin B (CuB), a plant triterpenoid found abundantly in cucumber against the metastatic and angiogenic potential of breast cancer cells.

During the experiment, CuB showed significant activity in the inhibition of cellular proliferation and induction of apoptosis in the tested cancer cells in a time- and dose-dependent manner.

Furthermore, at the sub-IC50 concentrations, the injection of CuB inhibited the migratory and invasive potential of highly metastatic breast cancer MDA-MB-231 and 4T1 cells.


In HUVECs, the administration of CubB also inhibited migratory, invasive, and tube-forming capacities.

In chick embryo chorioallantoic membrane, CuB exerted a strong anti-angiogenic effect in the prevention of new blood vessels.

According to the tested assay, the efficacy of Cub antimetastatic and angiogenic properties was attributed to the blocking of the matrix and proteins (VEGF/FAK/MMP-9) in signaling the development of new blood vessels from the existing vessels to induce cancer cells proliferation.


Additionally, the anti-angiogenesis was also evidenced by the decreased protein CD31 associated with more than 90% of angiosarcomas.

Dr. Sinha S, the lead scientist said, "Collectively, our findings suggest that CuB inhibited breast cancer metastasis and angiogenesis, at least in part, through the downregulation of VEGF/FAK/MMP-9 signaling".

In non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) both in vitro and in vivo, at nanomolar concentrations injection of CuB demonstrated a strong anti-migratory and anti-invasive ability against metastatic NSCLC by blocking the migratory, invasive, and tube-forming capacities.

The efficacy of the tested compound in this experiment inhibited metastasis and angiogenesis was attributable to the suppression of proteins (Wnt/β-catenin) associated with passing signals into a cell through cell surface receptors to induce cell proliferation and formation of new blood vessels.

Taken together, cucumber processed with a high amount of CuB may be considered supplements for the prevention and treatment of cancer, pending the confirmation of the larger sample size and multicenter human study.

Intake of CuB in the form of supplements should be taken with extreme care to prevent overdose acute liver toxicity.

Natural Medicine for Fatty Liver And Obesity Reversal - The Revolutionary Findings To Achieve Optimal Health And Lose Weight

How To Get Rid Of Eye Floaters
Contrary To Professional Prediction, Floaters Can Be Cured Naturally

Ovarian Cysts And PCOS Elimination
Holistic System In Existence That Will Show You How To
Permanently Eliminate All Types of Ovarian Cysts Within 2 Months


Back to Kyle J. Norton Homepage http://kylejnorton.blogspot.ca


Author Biography
Kyle J. Norton (Scholar, Master of Nutrition, All right reserved)
Health article writer and researcher; Over 10.000 articles and research papers have been written and published online, including worldwide health, ezine articles, article base, health blogs, self-growth, best before it's news, the Karate GB Daily, etc.,.
Named TOP 50 MEDICAL ESSAYS FOR ARTISTS & AUTHORS TO READ by Disilgold.com Named 50 of the best health Tweeters Canada - Huffington Post
Nominated for shorty award over last 4 years
Some articles have been used as references in medical research, such as the international journal Pharma and Bioscience, ISSN 0975-6299.

Sources
(1) Cucurbitacin B inhibits breast cancer metastasis and angiogenesis through VEGF-mediated suppression of FAK/MMP-9 signaling axis by Sinha S1, Khan S1, Shukla S1, Lakra AD1, Kumar S2, Das G3, Maurya R2, Meeran SM. (PubMed)
(2) Cucurbitacin B inhibits the stemness and metastatic abilities of NSCLC via downregulation of canonical Wnt/β-catenin signaling axis by Shukla S1, Sinha S1, Khan S1, Kumar S2, Singh K3, Mitra K3, Maurya R2, Meeran SM. (PubMed)
(3) Targets for anti-metastatic drug development by Stock AM1, Troost G, Niggemann B, Zänker KS, Entschladen F. (PubMed)

#Carrots Inhibit the Risk of Heavy-Metal and Chemical Toxicity, According to Studies

Kyle J. Norton

Carrots may have a profound and positive effect on expelling heavy metal and chemical toxins from our body through the gastrointestinal tract, some scientists suggested.
The digestive system, includes the salivary glands, mouth, esophagus, stomach, liver, gallbladder, pancreas, small intestine, colon, and rectum. is a system responsible for extracting the nutrients and fluids from the food intake to provide energy for the body's needs and expelling feces from the body?

Some people with the digestive problem may experience symptoms of acid reflux and GERD with burning sensation, gas, bloating, constipation, diarrhea, indigestion. In serious cases, the condition can also cause gallstones, irritable bowel syndrome, and hemorrhoids,...


Some researchers suggested that eating 7 or more serving of fruits and vegetables daily, replacing refined grain products with whole grain products, reducing intake of processed food and red meat and engaging in daily physical activity are the best to optimize the digestive health.


Including vitamin D and calcium in the diet are also helpful.

Carrot, a root vegetable with an orange color is sub-species of Daucus carota, belonging to the family Apiaceae, native to Asia and Europe.

Concerns of the damage of heavy metal damage to the body, researchers at Northwest A&F University, launched an investigation to examine whether insoluble dietary fiber from carrot pomace effect in exerting the protection of the digestive tract,

Researchers found that using the ultra-micro grinding process, the insoluble dietary fiber exerts far better potential in inhibited levels of glucose-, nitrite-, and lead ion- compared to the raw insoluble dietary fiber.

Truly, the ultra-micro grinding process could significantly decrease the particle size of carrot insoluble dietary fiber and increase its Brunauer-Emmett-Teller surface area from 0.374 to 1.835 m(2) g(-1).
The method also improved the water-holding capacity, swelling capacity and oil-holding capacity increased by 62.09%, 49.25%, and 45.45%, respectively.


These may be the reasons the insoluble dietary fiber from carrot pomace treated with an ultra-micro grinding process displays a significant effect in the protection of the digestive system through absorption of the far greater level of heavy and toxic metals.

The processed application also effectively protects Caco-2 cells from lead ion damage, according to the apoptosis assessment by AO/EB, compared to the raw contents

At the concentration of 10.0 mg, carrot insoluble dietary fiber has no toxicity for Caco-2 cells, the MTT assay showed.

The results of this study highlighted the potential of the ultra-micro grinding process to produce a high added-value fiber ingredient from carrot residue with function in protecting the gastrointestinal tract against heavy and toxic chemicals.

Taken together, carrot's insoluble dietary fiber may be used as a functional food in improving digestive function by absorbing heavy and toxic chemicals before causing harm to the body tissue and organs.

Natural Medicine for Fatty Liver And Obesity Reversal - The Revolutionary Findings To Achieve Optimal Health And Lose Weight

How To Get Rid Of Eye Floaters
Contrary To Professional Prediction, Floaters Can Be Cured Naturally

Ovarian Cysts And PCOS Elimination
Holistic System In Existence That Will Show You How-To
Permanently Eliminate All Types of Ovarian Cysts Within 2 Months


Back to Kyle J. Norton's Homepage http://kylejnorton.blogspot.ca


Author Biography
Kyle J. Norton (Scholar, Master of Nutrition, All right reserved)
Health article writer and researcher; Over 10.000 articles and research papers have been written and published online, including worldwide health, ezine articles, article base, health blogs, self-growth, best before it's news, the Karate GB Daily, etc.,.
Named TOP 50 MEDICAL ESSAYS FOR ARTISTS & AUTHORS TO READ by Disilgold.com Named 50 of the best health Tweeters Canada - Huffington Post
Nominated for shorty award over last 4 years
Some articles have been used as references in medical research, such as the international journal Pharma and Bioscience, ISSN 0975-6299.



Sources
(1) Physicochemical properties and intestinal protective effect of ultra-micro ground insoluble dietary fibre from carrot pomace by Ma S1, Ren B, Diao Z, Chen Y, Qiao Q, Liu X(PubMed)

#Phytochemical #AnacardicAcid in the Inhibition of Bacterial Infection, According to Studies

Kyle J. Norton

Scientists may have found a bioactive compound for the replacement of antibiotics with no side effects, some studies suggested.
Infection is a human disease characterized by the invasion of an organism that multiplied in a specific tissue or organ.

In bodily injury due to physical impact, the white blood cells of the immune first line of defense stimulate the production of proteins associated with the coagulation to cover the wound against the entrance of the microorganisms and inflammatory cytokines to kill off the infectious pathogens before they can enter the body and cause damage.

Most microorganisms were killed in the acute phase of the infection.

The infection is progressing through 5 stages, including
1. The incubation stage is a stage that microorganisms have successfully entered the host and started a period of multiplication. At this period patients do not experience any symptoms.


2. The prodromal stage, followed after the incubation period, after gaining strength in numbers and continued multiplication, the presence of the invasive pathogens is noticed by the immune system, leading to an immune system response. At this period, patients may experience symptoms of fever, pain, and swelling.

3. The stage of illness is a stage the disease is formed with signs and symptoms of the disease are most obvious and severe.

4. The stage of decline, the stage that saw the immune system has won the battle. In this stage, the number of pathogens and the signs and symptoms of illness begin to decline.

5. The stage of convalescence is a stage of recovery.

Some scientists in the study of the immune evolution suggested that the immune system is designed to kill off invasive pathogens in 3-8 weeks, otherwise, it will adapt to the change, leading to diseases associated with chronic infection.

Anacardic acids are phenolic lipids, phytochemicals of the organic acid found abundantly in cashews, mangoes, etc.

The immune system is the set of cells and their activity against antigens or infectious agents that comprises the body's defense system against diseases. The immune system does a great job of keeping people healthy and preventing infections. Besides foods and nutritional supplements, herbs also play an important role in helping the immune system defend against viruses and bacteria attacks.

With an aim to find a natural antibiotic for the replacement of conventional medicine for the prevention and treatment of microbial infection, researchers examined the anacardic acid mixture antibacterial quorum sensing (QS), which is a process of bacterial cell-cell communication that controls a large number of systems affecting pathogenicity.

An anacardic acid mixture (AAM) used in the experiment was produced by the A. astringent hexane extract (HE) in the bacterial strain Chromobacterium violaceum.

By comparing the 2 extracts, researchers found that
* HE induced a 91.6% of inhibition of the violecin production at 55 μg/mL concentration, whereas AAM showed 94% of inhibition at 166 μg/mL.

* Interestingly, both extracts were found to inhibit violacein production by affecting the viability of the bacterium.* Furthermore, AAM inhibited the substance which stimulates redox cycling in bacteria (pyocyanin 86% at 200 μg/mL) and glycolipid biosurfactants of bacterial structure (rhamnolipid, 91% at 500 μg/mL) production in a dose/response form and decreases the elastase (75% at 500 μg/mL) activity in P. aeruginosa without affecting its development.

Where violecin is a naturally-occurring bis-indole pigment with antibiotic properties produced by the bacteria.

These results indicated that Anacardic acid disrupts the quorum sensing (QS) of bacteria by inhibiting the substances which play a critical role in microbial survival in cell-cell communication.

Dr.Castillo-Juárez I, the lead scientist said, " anacardic acids mixture isolated from A. astringent demonstrated anti-QS, it could be further exploited for novel molecules to treat the emerging infections of antibiotic-resistant bacterial pathogens".

Additionally, in the evaluated new anacardic acid, 6-[16'Z-nonadecenyl]-salicylic acid (1), along with seven known compounds isolated from the bark of Amphipterygium adstringens using a bioassay-guided fractionation method, researchers showed that compounds 1-4 exhibited antibacterial activity against Streptococcus mutans and Porphyromonas gingivalis with minimum inhibitory concentrations ranging from 7 to 104 µg mL and from 12 to 126 µg mL.

Where compounds 1-4 are 6-[16'Z-nonadecenyl]-salicylic acid (1), 6-[8'Z-pentadecenyl] salicylic acid (15:1 anacardic acid) (2), 6-nonadecenyl salicylic acid (anacardic acid 19:0), (3), 6-pentadecyl salicylic acid (anacardic acid 15:0) (4).

Taken together, anacardic acid and its bioactive derivatives may be considered antibiotics alternative for the prevention and treatment of bacterial infection with no side effects


Natural Medicine for Fatty Liver And Obesity Reversal - The Revolutionary Findings To Achieve Optimal Health And Lose Weight

How To Get Rid Of Eye Floaters
Contrary To Professional Prediction, Floaters Can Be Cured Naturally

Ovarian Cysts And PCOS Elimination
Holistic System In Existence That Will Show You How To
Permanently Eliminate All Types of Ovarian Cysts Within 2 Months

Back to Kyle J. Norton's Homepage http://kylejnorton.blogspot.ca


Author Biography
Kyle J. Norton (Scholar, Master of Nutrition, All right reserved)
Health article writer and researcher; Over 10.000 articles and research papers have been written and published online, including worldwide health, ezine articles, article base, health blog, self-growth, best before it's news, the Karate GB Daily, etc.,.
Named TOP 50 MEDICAL ESSAYS FOR ARTISTS & AUTHORS TO READ by Disilgold.com Named 50 of the best health Tweeters Canada - Huffington Post
Nominated for shorty award over last 4 years
Some articles have been used as references in medical research, such as the international journal Pharma and Bioscience, ISSN 0975-6299.

References
(1) Amphypterygium astringent anacardic acid mixture inhibits quorum sensing-controlled virulence factors of Chromobacterium violaceum and Pseudomonas aeruginosa by Castillo-Juárez I, García-Contreras R, Velázquez-Guadarrama N, Soto-Hernández M, Martínez-Vázquez M. (PubMed)
(2) Isolation of the new anacardic acid 6-[16'Z-nonadecenyl]-salicylic acid and evaluation of its antimicrobial activity against Streptococcus mutans and Porphyromonas gingivalis by Rivero-Cruz BE, Esturau N, Sánchez-Nieto S, Romero I, Castillo-Juárez I, Rivero-Cruz JF.(PubMed)

#Herbal #Cinnamon Improves All Parameters Associated with the Risk of #Diabetes, Researchers Suggest

Kyle J. Norton

Cinnamon, a kitchen spice in many cultures, may have gained many believers, including medical professionals because of its anti-diabetic effect, through regulating the blood glucose levels in healthy and diabetic subjects. According to herbalists, intake of 1/4 tsp. in the morning and evening may reduce blood sugar significantly with little or no adverse effects.

The herb has been used in herbal and traditional medicine as an anti-fungal and bacteria level to improve the reproductive organ, prevent flatulence and intestinal cramping, and treat indigestion, diarrhea, bad breath, headache, migraine, etc.(1).

According to the 2011 statistic from National Diabetes InformationClearinghouse (NDIC), among U.S. residents ages 65 years and older, 10.9 million, or 26.9 percent, had diabetes in 2010, about 215,000 people younger than 20 years had diabetes—type 1 or type 2—in the United States in 2010 and approximately, 1.9 million people ages 20 years or older were newly diagnosed with diabetes in 2010 in the United States.

In a total of 66 patients with type 2 diabetes study conducted by Xuhui District Central Hospital, showed a significant reduction of blood triglyceride levels in the low-dose group, after 3 months of oral administration(2)

Some researchers suggested that cinnamon extract may improve fasting blood glucose levels and glucose tolerance without altering insulin secretion, through lower triglyceride and increased liver glycogen content, and improved insulin action in liver tissues(3).

Dr. Kim SH and Dr. Choung SY. told PubMed "The effect of cinnamon significantly increases insulin sensitivity, reduces serum, and hepatic lipids, and improves hyperglycemia and hyperlipidemia possibly by regulating the PPAR(in the regulation of metabolism (carbohydrate, lipid, protein))-medicated glucose and lipid metabolism"(4)

In support of the above, chromium(Cr) and polyphenols found in cinnamon(Cinnamomum cassia) indicated an improvement of glucose, insulin, cholesterol, and HbA1c(a Glucose lab test) in patients with type 2 diabetes following Cr supplementation, in a double-blind placebo-controlled study(7).

Unfortunately, according to the Western University of Health Sciences, consumption of cinnamon is associated with a statistically significant decrease in levels of fasting plasma glucose but insisted that a high degree of heterogeneity may limit the ability to apply these results to patient care, due to the unclear preferred dose and duration of therapy(5)

In a randomized clinical trial in which 70 Patients with type II diabetes were assigned randomly to two groups (35 in cinnamon and 35 in the placebo group the testing of the effect of cinnamon on the glucose level in the blood, indicated an insignificant effect of using cinnamon on glucose level of diabetic patients and the herb should not be recommended to patients with type II diabetes depending on further studies(6).

Taken together, cinnamon in a low dose may be effective in controlling the levels of blood glucose in patients with diabetes without altering the insulin level. According to DR. Georgakopoulou EA., oral intake of Cinnamon may cause Stomatitis(7), and a burning sensation in the mouth with a large amount. Traditional Chinese medicine also insisted that an overdose of cinnamon can be toxic and damage to the liver(1).


Ovarian Cysts And PCOS Elimination
Holistic System In Existence That Will Show You How To
Permanently Eliminate All Types of Ovarian Cysts Within 2 Months

Back to Researched articles - Points of view of Vitamins, Foods, and Herbs http://kylejnorton.blogspot.ca/p/blog-page_24.html

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References
(1) @Popular Herbs -Cinnamon
(2) Cinnamon extract improves fasting blood glucose and glycosylated hemoglobin level in Chinese patients with type 2 diabetes by Lu T, Sheng H, Wu J, Cheng Y, Zhu J, Chen Y.(PubMed)
(3) Cinnamon extract improves insulin sensitivity in the brain and lowers liver fat in mouse models of obesity by Sartorius T1, Peter A2, Schulz N3, Drescher A2, Bergheim I4, Machann J5, Schick F6, Siegel-Axel D2, Schürmann A3, Weigert C1, Häring HU1, Hennige AM(PubMed)
(4) Antihyperglycemic and antihyperlipidemic action of Cinnamomi Cassiae (Cinnamon bark) extract in C57BL/Ks db/db mice by Kim SH1, Choung SY.(PubMed)
(5) Cinnamon use in type 2 diabetes: an updated systematic review and meta-analysis by Allen RW1, Schwartzman E, Baker WL, Coleman CI, Phung OJ.(PubMed)
(6) The Effect of Cinnamon on Glucose of Type II Diabetes Patients by Hasanzade F1, Toliat M2, Emami SA3, Emamimoghaadam Z(PubMed)
(7) Chromium and polyphenols from cinnamon improve insulin sensitivity by Anderson RA.(PubMed)

#Broccoli's Sulforaphane (SFN) Combined with ChemoDrug #Cisplatin (CDDP) Exert a Strong Anti Cancer Activity, According to Studies

Kyle J. Norton

A chemosensitivity assay is a test that measures the number of tumor cells killed by chemotherapy.
The aim of the test is to find the best chemo drugs for the treatment of cancer.

Cancer is a class of diseases in which a group of cells grow and multiply disorderly and uncontrollably in our body.

Most cases of cancer start in the cells on the surface of the inner lining of specific tissues and organs.

At the early stage due to the very small size of the tumor, most cancers are asymptomatic. However, at the advanced stage, cancer not only can induce general symptoms such as gastrointestinal discomfort, unintended weight loss, fatigue, and loss but also lead to specific symptoms, such as localized bleeding and pain, depending on the location of the cancer.

Also, at this stage, primary cancer cells can travel a distance away from the original site to infect other healthy tissues and organs, leading to secondary metastasis through the circulation of blood and fluids.

Some cancers can be slow-growth, including prostate and colon cancer. Primary cancer at stages 0 and 1 may not induce any symptoms.

According to the statistic provided by the American Cancer Society, in the US in 2019, approximately 1,762,450 new cancer cases will be diagnosed and 606,880 deaths are a result from cancer.

Furthermore, in the age perspective, older adults although accounted for only 8% of all cases diagnosed in the US, have a 17% mortality rate compared to other age groups.

As of today, researchers do not know the exact cause of cancer neither they know why people with the same health condition and family history, are susceptible to DNA alternation in facilitating the onset of cancer, while others do not.


The 5 years survival rate is totally depending on the stage of cancer diagnosed. The early diagnosed stage has the highest survival rate compared to other later stages.

Cisplatin is a chemotherapy drug given by Sclerotherapy used in conventional medicine for the treatment of cancers, including testicular cancer, ovarian cancer, cervical cancer, breast cancer, bladder cancer, head and neck cancer, esophageal cancer, lung cancer, mesothelioma, brain tumors, and neuroblastoma.

Cisplatin has been found to induce adverse effects, including nausea and vomiting, diarrhea, temporary hair loss, loss inability to taste food, dry mouth, dark urine, and decreased sweating,

Broccoli is a mustard/cabbage plant, belongings to the family Brassicaceae. The veggie has large flower heads, usually green in color with a mass of flower heads surrounded by leaves and evolved from a wild cabbage plant from the continent of Europe.

In finding a potential chemical compound with inhibition of chemotherapy side effects and chemosensitivity, researchers compared the effect of polymeric nanoparticles utilized to co-deliver a water-soluble CDDP derivative, poly(γ,l-glutamic acid)-CDDP conjugate and a naturally occurring compound derived from broccoli, sulforaphane (SFN) on chemo drug cisplatin (CDDP).

Compared with the combinational treatment of CDDP and SFN, the nanoparticles were more effectively internalized and significantly reduced GSH content in breast cancer cells, observed by the increase of DNA-bound Pt and DNA damage-induced apoptosis.

In other words, the combination is more effective than the use of the chemo drug alone due to its ability to penetrate deeper into the cancer cells.

Furthermore, in an orthotopic breast cancer model, the nanoparticles achieved a significantly higher tumor accumulation by enhancing the permeability and retention of EPR-mediated tumor targeting and exhibited a more powerful antitumor activity.

The nano-enhanced chemotherapy also showed higher content of GSH in the liver cancer model.

Collectively, researchers said, "this sulforaphane-based nano strategy holds great promise to enhance the sensitivity and therapeutic efficacy of Pt-based chemotherapy

Taken together, broccoli processed with a high amount of sulforaphane used in a combination of chemo drugs may be considered adjunct therapy for the treatment of liver cancer, pending to the confirmation of the larger sample size and multicenter human study.

Intake of sulforaphane in the form of supplements should be taken with extreme care to prevent overdose acute liver toxicity.

Natural Medicine for Fatty Liver And Obesity Reversal - The Revolutionary Findings To Achieve Optimal Health And Lose Weight

How To Get Rid Of Eye Floaters
Contrary To Professional Prediction, Floaters Can Be Cured Naturally

Ovarian Cysts And PCOS Elimination
Holistic System In Existence That Will Show You. How-To
Permanently Eliminate All Types of Ovarian Cysts Within 2 Months


Back to Kyle J. Norton's Homepage http://kylejnorton.blogspot.ca


Author Biography
Kyle J. Norton (Scholar, Master of Nutrition, All right reserved)
Health article writer and researcher; Over 10.000 articles and research papers have been written and published online, including worldwide health, ezine articles, article base, health blogs, self-growth, best before it's news, the Karate GB Daily, etc.,.
Named TOP 50 MEDICAL ESSAYS FOR ARTISTS & AUTHORS TO READ by Disilgold.com Named 50 of the best health Tweeters Canada - Huffington Post
Nominated for shorty award over last 4 years
Some articles have been used as references in medical research, such as the international journal Pharma and Bioscience, ISSN 0975-6299.

Sources
(1) Sulforaphane Mediates Glutathione Depletion via Polymeric Nanoparticles to Restore Cisplatin Chemosensitivity by Xu Y1,2,3, Han X1,2,4, Li Y1,2, Min H1, Zhao X1,2, Zhang Y1,2, Qi Y5, Shi J1,2, Qi S6, Bao Y7, Nie G. (PubMed)

3,3'-Diindolylmethane Inhibits the Pathways and Promotes Antioxidant Enzymes Associated with a Reduced Risk of #ChronicLiverDisease

Kyle J. Norton

Chronic liver diseases are a medical condition that causes reduced function of the liver. In a serious case, chronic liver disease can lead to liver failure.

In other words, chronic liver diseases are liver diseases that last more than 6 months, including liver viral inflammation, liver cirrhosis, and hepatocellular carcinoma.

The liver is a large organ in the human body that filters out the blood which comes from the intestines before passing them to other parts of the body.


The largest organ also produces cholesterol to aid digestion, build a strong cell wall and produce steroids hormones and vitamin D.

According to the statistics provided by the UK, liver diseases are ranked as the fifth most common cause of death in the UK and have a steady tendency to increase over the years.

In the US, non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is the most common liver disease which affects over 100 100 million Americans.

Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease is a medical condition that caused fat accumulated in the liver over time probably due to poor diet and physical inactivity. The disease is one of the major causes of cirrhosis associated with liver cancer and liver failure.


The most common symptoms of chronic liver disease include loss of appetite, jaundice, persistent itching, fluid buildup in the belly, vomiting blood caused by the bleeding of often from bleeding in the esophagus.


3,3'-Diindolylmethane or DIM are phytochemicals derived from the digestion of indole-3-carbinol, belonging to the group of Indoles, found abundantly in broccoli, Brussels sprouts, cabbage, and kale, etc.

With an aim to discover a potent ingredient that processes liver protective effect, researchers investigated the effect of indoles, including indole-3-carbinol (I3C) and its derivatives I3C polymerizes into 3, 3- diindolylmethane (DIM) on chronic liver disease.

In vivo and vitro, indoles showed to regulate transcriptional factors and their respective signaling pathways associated with the production of proteins involved in the pro-inflammatory expression.

Furthermore, indoles also promoted the production of antioxidant enzymes against overexpression of levels of free radicals induced oxidative stress.

Moreover, the administration of indoles in vivo and in vitro also inhibited microRNA to influence the activation, proliferation, and apoptosis of target liver cells.

In other words, indoles protect the liver integrity by modulating the enzymes involved in hepatitis viral replication, lipogenesis, and the metabolism of ethanol and some hepatotoxicity.

Additionally, the bioactive compound was also found to process immunomodulatory biofunction in improving non-alcoholic steatohepatitis.

Overall, the indole liver-protective effects were attributed to its function as anti-inflammatory cytokines and chemokines to reduce microbial-induced liver injury inhibitors.

Dr. Wang SQ, the lead scientist said, "Indoles, especially I3C and DIM as phytochemicals, exert anti-fibrosis, anti-tumor, anti-oxidant, immunomodulatory, detoxification and anti-inflammation effects on hepatic protection through pleiotropic mechanism".


Taken altogether, indoles, including 3,3'-Diindolylmethane derived from the digestion of indole-3-carbinol may be considered supplements for the prevention and treatment of chronic liver disease pending to the confirmation of the larger sample size and multicenter human study.

Intake of 3,3'-diindolylmethane in form of supplement should be taken with extreme care to prevent overdose acute liver toxicity.

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Author Biography
Kyle J. Norton (Scholar, Master of Nutrition, All right reserved)
Health article writer and researcher; Over 10.000 articles and research papers have been written and published online, including worldwide health, ezine articles, article base, health blogs, self-growth, best before it's news, the Karate GB Daily, etc.,.
Named TOP 50 MEDICAL ESSAYS FOR ARTISTS & AUTHORS TO READ by Disilgold.com Named 50 of the best health Tweeters Canada - Huffington Post
Nominated for shorty award over last 4 years
Some articles have been used as references in medical research, such as the international journal Pharma and Bioscience, ISSN 0975-6299.

Sources
(1) 3, 3'-Diindolylmethane alleviates steatosis and the progression of NASH partly through shifting the imbalance of Treg/Th17 cells to Treg dominance by Liu Y1, She W1, Wang F1, Li J2, Wang J1, Jiang W. (PubMed)
(2) Indole-3-Carbinol (I3C) and its Major Derivatives: Their Pharmacokinetics and Important Roles in Hepatic Protection by Wang SQ, Cheng LS, Liu Y, Wang JY, Jiang W. (PubMed)