#ColorRices Inhibits Diseases Associated with #OxidativeStress Through Their Antioxidant Activities, According to Studies

Kyle J. Norton

Color rice may have potential effects in enhanced levels of antioxidants through its antioxidants and stimulation of the natural antioxidant enzymes found in the host tissue, some scientists suggested.

Compared to white rice with the hull, bran layer, and cereal germ removed colored rice contains a similar amount of calories and carbohydrates with only the hull removed.

Therefore, replacing the portion of white rice with color rice in your diet may eventually increase the circulation of antioxidants in your body.

The results of the replacement not only reduce the risk of overexpression of levels of reactive oxygen species in the induction of free radical domino effects but also protect the body against the imbalance of free radicals and antioxidants.

Antioxidants are molecules with a unique function in inhibiting oxidation caused by other molecules.

Oxidative stress is a production as a result of an imbalance of the ratio of antioxidants produced by the body tissue and free radical expression in the body.

In other words, low levels of natural antioxidants in the body may increase the risk of oxidative stress diseases.

Long-term overexpression of oxidative stress-induced damage of body tissues can lead to the development of many diseases. A link with a list of such diseases is provided below for your reference.

Color rice or unpolished rice is a kind of whole, natural grain with varieties of color with only the outermost layer (hull) of the rice kernel removed.

In the study of the extracts from white-, black-, and red-hulled rice prepared by sequential extraction with six different polar solvents to investigate the potential radical-scavenging activities, researchers at the National Agricultural Research Center for Kyushu Okinawa Region found that compared to other extracts isolated, the acetone extract from red-hulled rice exhibits a high DPPH* and t-BuOO* scavenging activity

DPPH is a common free radical of the organic chemical compound 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl used as a tool to monitor chemical reactions involving radicals.

t-BuOO (tert-Butyl hydroperoxide) is a free radical of organic peroxide widely used in a variety of testing of oxidation.

Further analysis showed that the efficacy of red hulled rice in inhibiting the presence of free radicals was attributed to the phytochemical procyanidins, which are members of the class of flavonoids, formed from catechin and epicatechin molecules.

Some researchers suggested that procyanidins show more effects on the ability of free radical scavenging in the aqueous phase with an average molecular weight of about 5000.

Additionally, in a range of about 500-18,000 procyanidins also facilitated a free radical reduction through the hydrogen atom transfer (HAT) and single electron transfer followed by proton transfer (SET-PT) mechanisms.

In phenolic compounds isolated from pigmented rice (black, red, and green rice) using aqueous mixtures of acetone, ethanol, and methanol to determine the most effective extraction solvent against the expression of reactive oxygen species, researchers showed that according to 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) assay,
* An extract from 40:60 acetone-water mixtures (v/v) provides the highest antioxidant activity in the ameliorated presence of levels of free radicals.

* Antioxidant activities of 40% acetone extracts of pigmented rice bran, measured in the range of 0 to 1500 μg/mL, process the highest total phenolic (259.5 μg/mg) and total flavonoid (187.4 μg/mg) contents in an exhibition of antioxidant activity of 83.6%.

Compared to other pigments, red rice bran showed the least efficacy in inhibited free radical butylated hydroxytoluene (144.5 μg/mL) also from the DPPH radical assay.

Dr. Jun H, after taking into account other confounders, said, "The major phenolic acids of red rice bran were ferulic, vanillic and p-coumaric acids and " black and red rice bran could be better raw materials for manufacturing the food with high antioxidant activity".


These results of the investigation indicated that antioxidant contents in hulled rice are incomparable, depending on the color and the red and black hulled rice contain the highest antioxidant expression compared to other colors.

Interestingly, when the hull is removed from three types of colored rice bran--forbidden rice, red rice, and green rice, the antioxidant levels were reduced by ONLY a fraction
* Forbidden rice and green rice bran yield antioxidant contents of 90%-100% and 80%-90%, respectively, and
* Red rice bran obtained from red rice yields an antioxidant content of 90%-100%.

The showings suggested that contrary to general belief, the pigmented skin of hull rice only represents a fraction of antioxidants compared to all contents in the color rice bran.

Taking all together, non-hull colors rice may be considered as a functional food to promote antioxidant circulation in attenuated risk of oxidative stress in the induction of various forms of the disease.

People with a higher risk of oxidative stress may want to add a portion of non-hull color rice into their daily diet for preventive measures.


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Back to Kyle J. Norton's Homepage http://kylejnorton.blogspot.ca


Author Biography
Kyle J. Norton (Scholar, Master of Nutrition, All right reserved)
Health article writer and researcher; Over 10.000 articles and research papers have been written and published online, including worldwide health, ezine articles, article base, health blog, self-growth, best before it's news, the Karate GB Daily, etc.,.
Named TOP 50 MEDICAL ESSAYS FOR ARTISTS & AUTHORS TO READ by Disilgold.com Named 50 of the best health Tweeters Canada - Huffington Post
Nominated for shorty award over last 4 years
Some articles have been referenced in medical research, such as the international journal Pharma and Bioscience, ISSN 0975-6299.


Sources
(1) Polymeric procyanidins as radical-scavenging components in red-hulled rice.
Oki T1, Masuda M, Kobayashi M, Nishiba Y, Furuta S, Suda I, Sato T(PubMed)
(2)Antioxidant activities and phenolic compounds of pigmented rice bran extracts by Jun HI1, Song GS, Yang EI, Youn Y, Kim YS(PubMed)
(3) Antioxidant activity of colored rice bran obtained at different milling yields by Fujita A1, Fujitake H, Kawakami K, Nomura M(PubMed)(4) Effects of hydrothermal processes on antioxidants in brown, purple, and red bran whole grain rice(Oryza sativa L.) by Min B1, McClung A2, Chen MH(PubMed)
(4) List of diseases caused by oxidative stress
(5) Computational study of the structure-free radical scavenging relationship of procyanidins by Mendoza-Wilson AM1, Castro-Arredondo SI2, Balandrán-Quintana RR(PubMed)

#BlackTea's #Theaflavins and #Greentea's #Epigallocatechin-3-gallate #EGCG Ameliorates the Risk of HIV 1 Infection, According to the Cellular Studies

Kyle J. Norton

Is a cure for acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) on the horizon?
Scientists successfully obstructed the progress of the entry phase of a healthy cell infected by human immunodeficiency virus -1 (HIV-1) attempted in the cellular models, using major bioactive ingredients extracted from black and green tea, namely theaflavins and epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG), respectively.

Human immunodeficiency virus -1 (HIV-1) is one of 2 types of HIV precipitated by acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS), transmitted through direct contact with HIV-infected body fluids, including blood, semen, and genital secretions,...

People in the early stage infected by the virus may experience some acute symptoms caused by the immune response, including a fever sore throat, rash, muscle and joint aches and pains, headache,...

If untreated, the virus will slowly multiply by destroying the cells of the immune system, leading to chronic signs and symptoms of fever, fatigue, swollen lymph nodes,...

In the late stage, HIV-1 may severely damage the immune system, making the infected host vulnerable to a variety of life-threatening diseases and cancers. If an infected individual has the numbers of T-cell count below 200, the person is considered to have AID.

According to the statistic, AIDS is the fifth leading cause of death in the US.

People between the ages of 25 and 44 in the United States are at substantially higher risk compared to other age groups.

Approximately 36.7 million people worldwide lived with HIV/AIDS in 2016, including, 2.1 million children less than 15 years of age.

Green and black tea, the precious drink process a number of health benefits known to almost everyone in Asia and the Western world.

In the investigation of Theaflavins, the major components of tea polyphenols extracted from brewed black tea inhibited HIV-1 entry by targeting gp41 which is a transmembrane protein with function in embedded with an outer coat of HIV to enter and infected host cells, researchers found that injection of Theaflavins exerts an inhibitory activity correlated to their ability in blocking the formation of the gp41 six-helix bundle, a fusion-active core conformation.

However, due to the unstable and purification of the individual theaflavins, a natural preparation containing 90% of theaflavins (TFmix) was used in most studies to experiment with its effect against HIV-1 microbicide for preventing HIV sexual transmission.

In vitro using p24 production and luciferase assays, TFmix exhibited potent anti-HIV-1 activity on lab-adapted and primary HIV-1 strains with IC(50), the concentration of an application that gives a half-maximal response in a dose of less than 1.20 μM.

Further analysis indicated that the efficacy of Theaflavins in targeting the gp41 is attributed to its function in inhibited virus-host membrane fusion during infection, mediated by the formation of the six-helix bundle (6HB) in the crossover of the virus and the host cell.

In other words, theaflavins administration was found to initiate the potent anti-HIV-1 activity by targeting the viral entry step through the disruption of the gp41 6-HB core structure,

Moreover, the application of theaflavins (TFmix) also inhibited reverse transcriptase (RT) activity in an RNA-dependent DNA, which is the process of replication of RNA from a DNA template through polymerase (DNAP) enzyme in forming new copies of DNA, in the form of nucleic acid molecules, with the IC(50) about 8-fold higher of theaflavins (TFmix) concentration than those in inhibiting gp41 6-HB formation.

In peptide fragments, derived from prostatic acidic phosphatase secreted in large amounts into human semen to form amyloid fibrils plaques to induce viral infection (SEVI), other green tea bioactive member, epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG) captures the HIV virions and directs them to target cells into liver cell to initiated entry step, during sexual activity.

These results showed that injection of green tea epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG) inhibited the expression of SEVI and revoked semen in the mediated enhancement of HIV-1 infection through precipitated viral degradation without inducing healthy cell toxicity.

Additionally, green tea EGCG activity, in HIV-1 infectivity on human CD4+ T cells, at a physiologic concentration of 6μM, significantly inhibited HIV-1 p24 antigen production in the expression of acute infection in both HIV-1 clinical isolates and laboratory-adapted subtypes B C, D, and G.

Interestingly, researchers discovered that EGCG-induced inhibition of HV-1 infectivity was not due to cytotoxicity, restricted cell growth, nor apoptosis but blocking the HIV activity in the attachment of HIV-1-gp120, a glycoprotein exposed on the surface of the HIV envelope to the CD4 molecule in the entry point in initiated infectivity.

Dr. Christina L., the lead author concluded, "(by) preventing the attachment of HIV-1-gp120 to the CD4 molecule, EGCG inhibits HIV-1 infectivity. As this inhibition can be achieved at physiologic concentrations, the natural anti-HIV agent, EGCG, is a candidate as an alternative therapy in HIV-1 therapy".

The findings suggested that green and black tea with abundant bioactive polyphenols Theaflavins including epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG) may be considered as a functional food to the ameliorated risk of HIV 1 infection by blocking the complex process in the initiation, at the cellular models.

Therefore, further data collection on large sample sizes and multi-center clinical studies performed with human consumption during the course of the investigation will be necessary to complete the picture of green and black tea bioactive ingredients' protective effect against Human Immunodeficiency Virus -1 (HIV-1) possibilities.

Intake of tea supplements should be taken with extreme care as acute liver toxicity was reported in a number of the case in the medical literature.


Natural Medicine for Fatty Liver And Obesity Reversal - The Revolutionary Findings To Achieve Optimal Health And Lose Weight

How To Get Rid Of Eye Floaters
Contrary To Professional Prediction, Floaters Can Be Cured Naturally

Ovarian Cysts And PCOS Elimination
Holistic System In Existence That Will Show You How To
Permanently Eliminate All Types of Ovarian Cysts Within 2 Months

Back to Kyle J. Norton's Homepage http://kylejnorton.blogspot.ca


Author Biography
Kyle J. Norton (Scholar, Master of Nutrition, All right reserved)
Health article writer and researcher; Over 10.000 articles and research papers have been written and published online, including worldwide health, ezine articles, article base, health blog, self-growth, best before it's news, the Karate GB Daily, etc.,.
Named TOP 50 MEDICAL ESSAYS FOR ARTISTS & AUTHORS TO READ by Disilgold.com Named 50 of the best health Tweeters Canada - Huffington Post
Nominated for shorty award over last 4 years
Some articles have been referenced in medical research, such as the international journal Pharma and Bioscience, ISSN 0975-6299.


Sources
(1) The main green tea polyphenol epigallocatechin-3-gallate counteracts semen-mediated enhancement of HIV infection by Hauber I1, Hohenberg H, Holstermann B, Hunstein W, Hauber J.(PubMed)
(2) A natural theaflavins preparation inhibits HIV-1 infection by targeting the entry step: potential applications for preventing HIV-1 infection by Yang J1, Li L, Tan S, Jin H, Qiu J, Mao Q, Li R, Xia C, Jiang ZH, Jiang S, Liu S.(PubMed)
(3) Theaflavin derivatives in black tea and catechin derivatives in green tea inhibit HIV-1 entry by targeting gp41 by Liu S1, Lu H, Zhao Q, He Y, Niu J, Debnath AK, Wu S, Jiang S.(PubMed)
(4) Preclinical Development of the Green Tea Catechin, Epigallocatechin Gallate, as an HIV-1 Therapy by Christina L. Nance, Ph.D., an Edward B. Siwak, Ph.D.,b and William T. Shearer, MD, Ph. Da(PMC)
(5) The HIV-1 gp41 N-terminal heptad repeat plays an essential role in membrane fusion by Sackett K1, Shai Y. (PubMed)
(6) AIDS (Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome) by the Institute of Human Virology (IHV)

#FennelEssentialOil Reduces the Risk of Diseases Associated with Thromboses, Researchers Say

Kyle J. Norton

Fennel may have a potential and positive effect to act as antithrombotic medicine in reduced hyper blood coagulation in initiated some forms of immune disorder, cardiac and infectious diseases, some scientists suggested.

Coagulation abnormalities are common medical conditions associated with patients in critical illness.
Dr. de Laforcade A, in the article "Diseases associated with thrombosis" said, "Traditionally, clinically relevant coagulation disorders have consisted mostly of bleeding associated with advanced stages of disseminated intravascular coagulation or toxin ingestion" and "Targeting those populations most at risk for thrombotic complications are necessary for better understanding the need for prophylactic anticoagulant therapy."

According to medical literature, the function of the antithrombotic agent used in conventional medicine can be divided into 2 categories, for the prevention or treatment of a dangerous blood clot (acute thrombus) therapeutically.

Blood coagulation is very dangerous if it is untreated.

People who are hypercoagulable are associated to increase risk of blood clots developing in the arteries (blood vessels that carry blood away from the heart) and veins (blood vessels that carry blood to the heart), leading to stroke(4), heart attack(5), severe hip and leg pain(6), difficulty walking(7),...... epidemiological studies strongly suggested.

In-depth analysis, complications of untreated thrombosis are broader than general belief, including many forms of immune-mediated disease, cardiac disease, and infectious diseases(9).

Some researchers suggested that implications for communicating about family history of thrombosis may be necessary as it is one of the common risk factors in the increased onset of the condition.

People having the above symptoms together with a family history of blood clots should be diagnosed early to confirm or rule out such conditions.

Early diagnosis of thrombosis is associated to increase survival and reduce the risk of complications.

Fennel (Foeniculum vulgare) is a plant species of the genus, belongings to Apiaceae (Umbelliferae), native to the Mediterranean, used in traditional and herbal medicine as a warming, carminative, antispasmodic, antidepressant agent and to stimulate the appetite, ease indigestion, soothe coughing, reduce intestinal spasms, to regulate the menstrual cycle and relieve PMS,...

In the screen of the potential effect of essential oils extracted from fennel in guinea pig and rat plasma to assess antiplatelet activity and inhibition of clot retraction, researchers at the Università di Parma launched an investigation in compared a number of essential oil extracts from number of the herbal plant.

Including in the evaluation are essential oils isolated from Anthemis nobilis L., Artemisia dracunculus L., Cannabis sativa L., Cupressus sempervirens L., Cymbopogon citratus (DC.) Stapf., Curcuma longa L., Foeniculum vulgare L., Hypericum perforatum L., Hyssopus officinalis L., Mentha spicata L., Monarda didyma L., Ocimum basilicum L., Ocotea quixos Kosterm., Origanum vulgare L., Pinus nigra J.F. Arnold, Pinus silvestris L., Piper crassinervium Kunth., Rosmarinus officinalis L., Salvia officinalis L., Salvia sclarea L., Santolina chamaecyparissus L., Thymus vulgaris L., Zingiber officinaie L.

Compared to other essential oil, F. vulgaris essential oil exerted strong anti-coagulative activities against ADP, Arachidonic Acid, and the Thromboxane A2 agonist U46619, and a good ability to destabilize clot retraction.

Adenine di-Phosphate (ADP), is an important platelet agonist that plays a vital role in normal hemostasis and thrombosis. The defective ADP may induce impairment of platelet aggregation.

Arachidonic acid is a polyunsaturated omega-6 fatty acid and the precursor of thromboxane and prostacyclin, two of the most active compounds related to platelet function.

Thromboxane A2 (TxA2) is a potent vasoconstrictor derived from the metabolism of arachidonic acid and has prothrombotic properties.
Further examination also found that tested essential oils, including fennel, demonstrate a significant correlation between antiplatelet potency and phenylpropanoid content.

The phenylpropanoids synthesized by plants from the amino acids phenylalanine and tyrosine are associated with the ability in inhibited blood clotting.

These results suggested that essential oils isolated from fennel and other herbal plants may play a key role for this moiety in the prevention of clot formation, Dr. Tognolini M, the lead author suggested, after taking into account other co and confounders.

Moreover, anethole, the main fragrance and bioactive compound of fennel also exerted antithrombotic activity involving a number of mechanisms other than those mentioned above.

According to the Università di Parma, the property of anethole in decreased thrombosis was attributed to the efficacy of the compound in modulating several cell signaling pathways, mainly NF-kB and TNF-α signaling.....

In thrombosis, NF-κB transcription factors, P50/P65 process the ability to regulate the expression of tissue factor (TF), a principal initiator of the coagulation cascade, according to the joint study led by the Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology(8).

Tumor necrosis factor is a cell signaling protein (cytokine) best known for its role in systemic inflammation and the acute phase reaction. The protein also plays an essential role in platelet thrombus formation.

The differentiation of anethole's role in decreased thrombosis suggested that activation of inflammatory cytokines by the immune system in the acute phase of infection also stimulates the production of platelets. And inflammatory cytokines also process the ability in enhanced the retraction of the coagulum.

In the tested guinea pigs, the application of anethole enhanced antiplatelet properties through a significant effect in inhibited arachidonic acid, collagen, ADP, and U46619-induced aggregation (IC(50) from 4 to 147 microg ml(-1)).

Researchers at Università di Parma also found that
*Anethole, tested in rat aorta with or without endothelium, displays a similar effect to those of NO-independent vasorelaxant activity at antiplatelet concentrations.
* . In vivo, anethole orally administered in a subacute treatment to mice (30 mg kg(-1)day(-1) for 5 days) showed significant antithrombotic activity in preventing the paralysis induced by collagen-epinephrine intravenous injection (70% and 83% protection, respectively).

After taking into account other co and confounders, Dr. Tognolini M, the lead author at the Università di Parma said, "F. vulgare essential oil, and its main component anethole, a safe antithrombotic activity that seems due to their essential oil, and its main component anethole, a safe antithrombotic activity

The findings indicated that fennel and its bioactive compound anethole may be considered as a functional food to reduce the risk of diseases associated with thromboses, such as immune-mediated disease, neoplasia, systemic inflammation, and sepsis, cardiac disease, protein-losing states, and infectious diseases(9).

However, further data collection on large sample sizes and multi-center clinical studies performed with human consumption during the course of the investigation will be necessary to complete the picture of fennel and its bioactive anethole' protective effect against the onset of thrombosis possibilities.

Natural Medicine for Fatty Liver And Obesity Reversal - The Revolutionary Findings To Achieve Optimal Health And Lose Weight

How To Get Rid Of Eye Floaters
Contrary To Professional Prediction, Floaters Can Be Cured Naturally

Ovarian Cysts And PCOS Elimination
Holistic System In Existence That Will Show You How To
Permanently Eliminate All Types of Ovarian Cysts Within 2 Months

Back to Kyle J. Norton's Homepage http://kylejnorton.blogspot.ca


Author Biography
Kyle J. Norton (Scholar, Master of Nutrition, All right reserved)
Health article writer and researcher; Over 10.000 articles and research papers have been written and published online, including worldwide health, ezine articles, article base, health blog, self-growth, best before it's news, the Karate GB Daily, etc.,.
Named TOP 50 MEDICAL ESSAYS FOR ARTISTS & AUTHORS TO READ by Disilgold.com Named 50 of the best health Tweeters Canada - Huffington Post
Nominated for shorty award over last 4 years
Some articles have been referenced in medical research, such as the international journal Pharma and Bioscience, ISSN 0975-6299.


Sources
(1) Comparative screening of plant essential oils: phenylpropanoid moiety as basic core for antiplatelet activity by Tognolini M1, Barocelli E, Ballabeni V, Bruni R, Bianchi A, Chiavarini M, Impicciatore M(PubMed)
(2) Protective effect of Foeniculum vulgare essential oil and anethole in an experimental model of thrombosis by Tognolini M1, Ballabeni V, Bertoni S, Bruni R, Impicciatore M, Barocelli E.(PubMed)
(3) Anethole and Its Role in Chronic Diseases by Aprotosoaie AC1, Costache II2, Miron A3. (PubMed)
(4) Embolic middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) for ischemic stroke with homologous blood clots in rats by Jin R1, Zhu X1, Li G(PubMed)
(5) How to prevent clots in the legs and lungs. A blockage outside the heart can be just as dangerous as a heart attack.[No authors listed](PubMed)
(6) Deep venous thrombosis in a patient presenting with severe left inguinal and hip pain: a case report by Fidan F1, Alkan BM, Tosun A, Ardçoğlu Ö(PubMed)
(7) Building a protocol to guide mobility in the ICU by Dammeyer J1, Dickinson S, Packard D, Baldwin N, Ricklemann C(PubMed)
(8) NF-κB TRANSCRIPTION FACTOR p50 CRITICALLY REGULATES TISSUE FACTOR IN DEEP VEIN THROMBOSIS by Yi-Dan Li1,#, Bu-Qing Ye1,#, Sheng-Xi Zheng1 , Jin-Tao Wang1 , Jian-Guo Wang2 , Ming Chen1 , Ji-Guo Liu1 , Xin-Hui Pei1,3, Li-Jing Wang4 , Zhi-Xin Lin3 , Kalpna Gupta5 , Nigel Mackman2 , Arne Slungaard5 , Nigel S. Key2 , Jian-Guo Geng(JBC (Papers in Press)
(9) Diseases associated with thrombosis by de Laforcade A(PubMed)

#BlackCarrot Extract, Fermented #CarrotJuice, Non-Fermented #CarrotJuice (NFCJ) Inhibit Type 2 Diabetes Through Their Antioxidant Activities, Researchers Suggest

Kyle J> Norton

Carrots may have a profound and positive effect in ameliorating type 2 diabetes, some scientists suggested.
The results of the differentiation were carried out by a number of respectable Universities, including Nanchang University, and published at number of online medical literature.

You can view the abstract of the quoted studies by clicking the resources links.

Diabetes is a condition characterized by insufficient insulin entering the bloodstream in the regulation of levels of glucose.

The disease is either caused by cells in the pancreas dying off or receptor sites clogged up by fat and cholesterol.

In some cases, diabetes is also caused by the allergic reaction of cells in the immune system.

Symptoms of type 2 diabetes are characterized by high blood sugar, insulin resistance, and relative lack of insulin with the most common symptoms of increased thirst, frequent urination, unexplained weight loss......

According to epidemiological studies, uncontrolled diabetes may induce serious complications, including cardiovascular disease(5), nerve damage (neuropathy)(6), kidney damage (nephropathy)(7), eye damage (retinopathy)(7), foot damage(8), skin conditions(9),........

Carrot, a root vegetable with an orange color is a subspecies of Daucus carota, belongings to the family Apiaceae, native to Asia and Europe.

In the evaluation of the effects of black carrot and its major phenolic compounds, in reduced onset of diabetes, researchers at the joint analysis led by the Indian Institute of Vegetable Research launched an investigation of molecular interactions of phenolic compounds of black carrot with enzymes involved in glucose metabolism in compared to standard inhibitors in human.

According to vitro assay, black carrot purified extract and the standard inhibitors acarbose and vildagliptin, oral anti-hyperglycemic drugs exerted significant activities in inhibition of α-amylase, α-glucosidase and dipeptidyl peptidase-4 (DPP4).

α-Amylase, an amylase is an enzyme with the function of catalyzing the hydrolysis of starch into sugars.

Alpha-glucosidase is a glucosidase with the function of breaking down starch and disaccharides into glucose.

And, alpha-glucosidase inhibitors are conventional oral anti-diabetic drugs with the function of preventing the digestion of carbohydrates in patients with type 2 diabetes.

Dipeptidyl peptidase-4 (DPP4), a serine exopeptidase has a strong implication for the onset of type 2 diabetes with function in the regulation of the biological activity of hormones and chemokines, such as glucagon-like peptide-1, an incretin hormone which has a significant impact in glucose-dependent insulin secretion and glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide with a unique function on insulin and glucagon secretion in humans.

At IC50 value, a purified extract of black carrot demonstrated a stronger effect in compared to the standard inhibitor acarbose, the conventional diabetic drug.

According to the docking scores, the application of black carrot extract inhibited diabetes through its expression of antioxidants in the production of fewer anthocyanin molecules compared to their respective inhibitors.

Further analysis of the anthocyanin molecules of black carrot, cyanidin 3-xylosyl galactoside researchers discovered that black carrot extract displays potential drug activities in inhibited enzymes, serine exopeptidase Dipeptidyl peptidase-4(DPP4) similar to those of vildagliptin.

Dr. Karkute SG, the lead scientist, after taking into account other confounders said, "Anthocyanins from black carrot were found to be effective to control diabetes" and "Cyaniding 3-xylosyl galactoside (isolated from carrot and wild carrot) is the best potential molecule for inhibiting enzymes involved in glucose metabolism".

In animal model assigned to non-diabetes mellitus (NDM), untreated diabetes mellitus (DM), DM plus L. plantarum NCU116 (NCU), DM plus fermented carrot juice with L. plantarum NCU116 (FCJ), and DM plus non-fermented carrot juice (NFCJ) for evaluation of the effect of carrot juice fermented with Lactobacillus plantarum NCU116 on high-fat and low-dose streptozotocin (STZ)-induced type 2 diabetes, researchers once again reaffirmed that

* NCU and FCJ treatment group for 5 weeks exerted a favorably regulated blood glucose, hormones, and lipid metabolism, accompanied by an increase in short-chain fatty acid (SCFA) in the colon.

Increased short-chain fatty acids in the colon were associated with diabetic amelioration.

Application of NCU and FCJ also exhibits an anti-diabetes effect in restoring the antioxidant capacity and other aspects in regulating the abnormal function in glucose metabolism, including the Morphology of

* The pancreas and kidney (morphological changes in the podocyte foot processes in the glomerulus and in microvilli of proximal tubules are an indication of the diabetic kidney. And morphological changes of the pancreas reduced size and numbers of islets are associated with patients with diabetes)

* mRNA of low-density lipoprotein (LDL) receptor, (morphological changes of mRNA of low-density lipoprotein (LDL) receptor reduce the function of LDL in the regulation of insulin production).

* Cholesterol 7α-hydroxylase (CYP7A1), (morphological changes of CYP7A1 reduce the function of the host in the regulation of bile acid synthesis and dyslipidemia in diabetes)

* Glucose transporter-4 (GLUT-4), ( morphological changes of GLUT-4 reduce the function of the host in mediated glucose removal.

* Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-α (PPAR-α), and Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-γ (PPAR-γ) (morphological changes of PPAR-α and PPAR-γ decrease the essential role of these receptors in lipid metabolism and insulin sensitivity).


By observation of black carrot functions in lipid and glucose metabolism through other mechanisms, Dr. Li C, the lead author suggested, "L. plantarum NCU116 and the fermented carrot juice had the potential ability to ameliorate type 2 diabetes in rats".

Taken together, black carrot and carrot and carrot extracts may be considered a functional food in attenuated type 2 diabetes

However, further data collection on studies performed with human consumption during the course of the disease will be necessary to complete the picture of its potential in ameliorating diabetic possibilities.

Intake of supplementation should be taken with special care in the prevention of acute liver toxicity.


Natural Medicine for Fatty Liver And Obesity Reversal - The Revolutionary Findings To Achieve Optimal Health And Lose Weight

How To Get Rid Of Eye Floaters
Contrary To Professional Prediction, Floaters Can Be Cured Naturally

Ovarian Cysts And PCOS Elimination
Holistic System In Existence That Will Show You How To
Permanently Eliminate All Types of Ovarian Cysts Within 2 Months

Back to Kyle J. Norton's Homepage http://kylejnorton.blogspot.ca


Author Biography
Kyle J. Norton (Scholar, Master of Nutrition, All right reserved)
Health article writer and researcher; Over 10.000 articles and research papers have been written and published online, including worldwide health, ezine articles, article base, health blog, self-growth, best before it's news, the Karate GB Daily, etc.,.
Named TOP 50 MEDICAL ESSAYS FOR ARTISTS & AUTHORS TO READ by Disilgold.com Named 50 of the best health Tweeters Canada - Huffington Post
Nominated for shorty award over last 4 years
Some articles have been referenced in medical research, such as the international journal Pharma and Bioscience, ISSN 0975-6299.


Sources
(1) Anti-diabetic phenolic compounds of black carrot (Daucus carota subspecies sativus var. atrorubens Alef.) inhibit enzymes of glucose metabolism: An in silico and in vitro validation by Karkute SG1, Koley TK2, Yengkhom BK3, Tripathi A2, Srivastava S4, Maurya A2, Singh B(PubMed)
(2) Carrot juice fermented with Lactobacillus plantarum NCU116 ameliorates type 2 diabetes in rats by Li C1, Ding Q, Nie SP, Zhang YS, Xiong T, Xie MY(PubMed)
(3) Comparing olive oil and C4-dietary oil, a prodrug for the GPR119 agonist, 2-oleoyl glycerol, less energy intake of the latter is needed to stimulate incretin hormone secretion in overweight subjects with type 2 diabetes by Mandøe MJ1,2,3, Hansen KB1,2,3, Windeløv JA1,2, Knop FK1,4,5, Rehfeld JF6, Rosenkilde MM7, Holst JJ8,9, Hansen HS(PubMed)
(4) Dipeptidyl peptidase-4 (CD26): knowing the function before inhibiting the enzyme by Matteucci E1, Giampietro O.(PubMed)
(5) Glucose lowering strategies and cardiovascular disease in type 2 diabetes - teachings from the TOSCA.IT study by Vaccaro O1, Masulli M2, Riccardi G(PubMed)
(6) Imaging of the Corneal Subbasal Whorl-like Nerve Plexus: More Accurate Depiction of the Extent of Corneal Nerve Damage in Patients With Diabetes by Utsunomiya T1, Nagaoka T1, Hanada K2, Omae T1, Yokota H1, Abiko A3, Haneda M3, Yoshida A(PubMed)
(7) Urine Proteome Specific for Eye Damage Can Predict Kidney Damage in Patients With Type 2 Diabetes: A Case-Control and a 5.3-Year Prospective Cohort Study by Yang JK1, Wang YY2, Liu C2, Shi TT2, Lu J2, Cao X2, Yang FY2, Feng JP2, Chen C3, Ji LN4, Xu A(PubMed)
(8) Reconstructive vascular surgery and the extent of tissue damage due to diabetic foot ulcers relates to the risk of new ulceration in patients with PAD by Elgzyri T1, Larsson J2,(PubMed)
(9) Comparative Genomic, MicroRNA, and Tissue Analyses Reveal Subtle Differences between Non-Diabetic and Diabetic Foot Skin by Ramirez HA1, Liang L2, Pastar I2, Rosa AM2, Stojadinovic O2, Zwick TG3, Kirsner RS4, Maione AG5, Garlick JA5, Tomic-Canic M(PubMed)

#Herbal Remedies in the Inhibition of #HairLoss and Promotion of #HairGrowth , Scientists Say

Kyle J. Norton

Decreased hormonal secretions due to aging stimulate the production of the enzyme 5-alpha reductase to convert testosterone to dihydro-testosterones DHT, leading to hair growth back thinner or not growth back at all.
DHT shrinks the follicles, causing hair to thins.

Commonly, hair receded at the forehead, crown, and temple for men and thins over the entire scalp for women.

Herbal treatment for hair loss has existed throughout human history, but epidemiological studies, linking herbs' effectiveness in treating hair loss have produced inconsistent results.

Androgenetic alopecia is a common hair loss in men and women.

In men, it causes baldness patterns, receding at the forehead.

In women, the hair becomes thinner all over the head, and the hairline does not recede.


1. Thujae occidentalis
Thujae occidentalis is an evergreen coniferous tree, belonging to the cypress family, native to the United States and the southeast of Canada. the herb has been used in folk medicine in treating warts, ringworm, and thrush.

In HEK 293 cell line derived from human embryonic kidney cells grown in tissue culture, expressing human 5alpha-reductase (type 2), researchers found that thujae occidentalis semen (TOS) extract in comparison with gamma-linolenic acid and finasteride (a synthetic drug used to be for the treatment of benign prostatic hyperplasia), topically applied to fuzzy rat and androchronogenetic alopecia (AGA) mouse, shows effectiveness in treating male pattern baldness by dictating androgen conversion with higher inhibition activity of 5alpha-reductase type 2 than that of gamma-linolenic acid, but lower than that of finasteride.

These results indicated that the extract may be a potent agent for treating male baldness(1).


2. Cuscuta reflexa Roxb(Dodder)
Cuscuta reflexa Roxb is a Perennial tree, belongings to the family Cuscutaceae, native to Eastern Asia.

Petroleum ether extract of C. reflexa, in the experiment used as a topical application, showed the inhibition of 5alpha-reductase activity, hair growth-promoting activity, by blocking the conversion of testosterone to dihydrotestosterone which causes hair receded(2).

3. Citrullus colocynthis Schrad
Citrullus colocynthis is a desert viny plant native to the Mediterranean Basin and Asia.

The herb has been used in folk medicine for treatments of cancer, carcinoma, endothelioma, leukemia, corn, tumors, etc.

In androgen-induced alopecia mice, the application of the petroleum ether extract of C. colocynthis showed effectiveness in enhancing follicular density and exhibited hair growth-promoting activity in the anagenic phase compared to standard finasteride(3).


4. Eclipta alba(false daisy)
Eclipta alba is a species of E. prostrata , belongings to the family Asteraceae, native to India, China, Thailand, and Brazil.

The herb has been used in folk medicine for treatments of com­bat­ing swelling, inflam­ma­tion, skin con­di­tions, etc...

Petroleum ether and ethanol extract of E. alba Hassk in comparison with minoxidil 2% in the rat study, exhibited a hair growth pattern better than the positive control minoxidil 2% with significantly reduced time for complete hair growth. (4)

5. Garlic
Garlic (Allium sativum) is a species in the onion genus, belonging to the family Amaryllidaceae, native to central Asia.

The herb or food has been used popularly in traditional and Chinese medicine in treating the common cold and flu to the Plague, blood pressure cholesterol levels, natural antibiotics, etc.,

The experiment of garlic gel in promoting hair growth suggested that garlic gel shows a positive response in enhancing the application of topical betamethasone valerate(5).

6. Onion
The onion is a plant in the genus Allium, belongings to the family Alliaceae, a close relation of garlic.

It is often called the “king of vegetables” because of its pungent taste and found in a large number of recipes and preparations spanning almost the totality of the world’s cultures.

Depending on the variety, an onion can be sharp, spicy, tangy, pungent, mild, or sweet.

Topical crude onion juice in the study against hair loss, exhibited re-growth of terminal coarse hairs after two weeks of application, significantly higher among males compared to females, after 4 weeks(6).

7. Polygonum multiflorum
He Shou Wu is also known as Chinese Knotweed, genus Fallopia, belongings to Polygonaceae, native to central and southern China.

The herbal medicine has been used in traditional Chinese medicine in treating hyperlipemia, neurasthenia, split personality, prematurely white hair, nerve injuries, skin wind rash, constipation, etc..

Ethanol extract from Polygonum multiflora roots in the experiment using dermal papilla cells (DPCs), showed to increase the proliferation of DPCs which plays an important role in enhancing hair growth and hair-fiber length significantly(7).

In topically applied to the shaved dorsal skin of telogenic C57BL6/N mice, the extract stimulated hair growth by inducing an anagen phase and the number and size of hair follicles(8).

8. Platycladus
Thuja orientalis is an evergreen coniferous tree belonging to the family Cupressaceae, native to northwestern China.

The herbs have been used in traditional medicine in treating baldness and hair loss in East Asia.

T. orientalis extract, in the experiment of topically applied to the shaved dorsal skin of telogenic C57BL/6 N mice, induced an earlier anagen phase and prolonged the mature anagen phase, reducing earlier induction of β-catenin and Shh proteins in hair follicles.

These results indicated that Thuja orientalis may be beneficiary as a potential hair growth-promoting agent. (9).

9. Asiasari radix(Chinese wild ginger root)
Asiasari radix has been used in Asian traditional medicine for treating hair loss to stimulate hair growth.

In female C57BL/6 and C3H mice, topical application of Asiasari radix extract showed an effect in promoting hair growth and increased protein synthesis in vibrissae follicle cultures and the proliferation of both HaCaT and human DP cells in vitro. (10)

10. Sophora flavescens
Sophora flavescens is a species of genus Sophora, belongings to the family Fabaceae.

The herb has been used in traditional medicine for treatments of viral hepatitis, enteritis, cancer, viral myocarditis, gastrointestinal hemorrhage, etc.

In the experiment of topical application of Sophora flavescens extract in C57BL/6 mice, researchers found that injection of the extract enhances hair growth may be mediated through the regulation of growth factors in dermal papilla cells and inhibited type II 5alpha-reductase activity(11).

11. Crinum asiaticum
Crinum asiaticum is a genus of Crimum, belongings to the family Amaryllidaceae, native to Jeju Island, Korea.

The herb has been used in herbal medicine for treatments of injury and inflamed joints, swellings, swollen joints, lumbago, pains, and in cases of a headache, fever, etc.

Topical application of the EtOH extract of C. asiaticum onto the back of C57BL/6 increased the proliferation of immortalized vibrissa dermal papilla cells, cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) in the bulb region and the hair-fiber lengths of vibrissa(12).

Norgalanthamine, a chemical constituent of Crinum asiaticum, also induced anagen progression of the hair shaft and increased the proliferation of immortalized vibrissa dermal papilla cells(16)

12. Ishige sinicola
Ishige sinicola is a genus of brown algae (class Phaeophyceae), belongings to the family Ishigeaceae native to native to Jeju Island, Korea.

Topical application of I. sinicola extract onto the back of C57BL/6 mice inhibited anagen progression of the hair shaft and activity of the activity of 5α-reductase and increased cell proliferation vibrissa dermal papilla cells (DPCs), downregulated p27kip1 in stopping or slowing down the cell division cycle(13).

13. Acenthopanax koreanum
Acanthopanax koreanum Nakai (Araliaceae), a well-known herbal medicine in Jeju Island, Korea, has been used as a tonic agent in treating stress-related states(14).

The experiment of immortalized rat vibrissa dermal papilla cells treated with extract of A. koreanum leaves showed an enhancement of the proliferation of dermal papilla cells, of the hair-fiber lengths of the vibrissa follicles by increasing the nuclear β-catenin level, and up-regulation of cyclin D1, cyclin E (regulating cell cycle progression) and CDK2(Cells decide at the end of mitosis to either start the next cell cycle and downregulation of the expression of p27(kip1)(Cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor) in the dermal papilla cells(15).

14. Schisandra nigra
Schisandra nigra, a plant native to Jeju Island, South Korea has been used in traditional medicine for liver protection and treatments of the nervous, and respiratory systems.

Topical application of the EtOH extract of S. nigra onto the back of C57BL/6 mice nigra, exhibited the increased hair-fiber lengths of the vibrissa follicles, induced anagen progression of the hair shaft and increased both the expression of proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) in the bulb matrix region and the proliferation of immortalized vibrissa dermal papilla cells(17).

The enhancement of herbal medicine for treatments of hair loss, linking to inhibit anagen progression of the hair shaft and activity of 5α-reductase, increase proliferation vibrissa dermal papilla cells with little or no side effects has produced some promising results.

Some days, they may be considered as approved prominent treatments, in improving appearance and quality of life by reducing psychological stress at affordable cost.

Once again, please consult with your doctor or related field specialist before applying,

STOP HAIR LOSS - PERMANENTLY, Fill in Bald Spots, Stop Thng Hair, Restore Receding Hair Lines, Naturally

Natural Medicine for Fatty Liver And Obesity Reversal - The Revolutionary Findings To Achieve Optimal Health And Lose Weight

How To Get Rid Of Eye Floaters
Contrary To Professional'Prediction, Floaters Can Be Cured Naturally

Ovarian Cysts And PCOS Elimination
Holistic System In Existence That Will Show You How To
Permanently Eliminate All Types of Ovarian Cysts Within 2 Months

Back to KyleNorton'srton Homepage http://kylejnorton.blogspot.ca


Author Biography
Kyle J. Norton (Scholar, Master of Nutrition, All right reserved)
Health article writer and researcher; Over 10.000 articles and research papers have been written and published online, including worldwide health, ezine articles, article base, health blogs, self-growth, best before it's news, the Karate GB Daily, etc.,.
Named TOP 50 MEDICAL ESSAYS FOR ARTISTS & AUTHORS TO READ by Disilgold.com Named 50 of the best health Tweeters Canada - Huffington Post
Nominated for shorty award over last 4 years
Some articles have been referenced in medical research, such as the international journal Pharma and Bioscience, ISSN 0975-6299.

References
(1) The extract of Thujae occidentalis semen inhibited 5alpha-reductase and androchronogenetic alopecia of B6CBAF1/j hybrid mouse by Park WS, Lee CH, Lee BG, Chang IS. (PubMed)
(2) Effect of Cuscuta reflexa Roxb on androgen-induced alopecia by Pandit S, Chauhan NS, Dixit VK.(PubMed)
(3) Effect of Citrullus colocynthis Schrad fruits on testosterone-induced alopecia by Dhanotia R, Chauhan NS, Saraf DK, Dixit VK. (PubMed)
(4) Hair growth promoting the activity of Eclipta alba in male albino rats by Roy RK, Thakur M, Dixit VK.(PubMed)
(5) Combination of topical garlic gel and betamethasone valerate cream in the treatment of localized alopecia areata: a double-blind randomized controlled study by Hajheydari Z, Jamshidi M, Akbari J, Mohammadpour R.(PubMed)
(6) Onion juice (Allium cepa L.), a new topical treatment for alopeciaareata by Sharquie KE, Al-Obaidi HK. (PubMed)
(7) Promotion effect of constituents from the root of Polygonum multiflorumon hair growth by Sun YN, Cui L, Li W, Yan XT, Yang SY, Kang JI, Kang HK, Kim YH.(PubMed)
(8) Topical application of Polygonum multiflorum extract induces hair growth of resting hair follicles through upregulating Shh and β-catenin expression in C57BL/6 mice by Park HJ, Zhang N, Park DK. (PubMed)
(9) Hair growth-promoting activity of hot water extract of Thuja orientalis by Zhang NN, Park DK, Park HJ. (PubMed)
(10) The hair growth promotes the effect of Asiasari radix extract and its molecular regulation. ho SS, Park SJ, Hwang SL, Lee MH, Kim CD, Lee IH, Chang SY, Rang MJ. (PubMed)
(11) The hair growth promoting the effect of Sophora flavescens extract and its molecular regulation by Roh SS, Kim CD, Lee MH, Hwang SL, Rang MJ, Yoon YK. (PubMed)
(12) Promotion effect of norgalanthamine, a component of Crinum asiaticum, on hair growth by Kim SC, Kang JI, Kim MK, Hyun JH, Boo HJ, Park DB, Lee YJ, Yoo ES, Kim YH, Kim YH, Kang HK. (PubMed).
(13) The promoting effect of Ishige sinicola on hair growth by Kang JI, Kim EJ, Kim MK, Jeon YJ, Kang SM, Koh YS, Yoo ES, Kang HK. (PubMed)
(14) The effects of a standardized Acanthopanax koreanum extract on stress-induced behavioral alterations in mice by Jung JM, Park SJ, Lee YW, Lee HE, Hong SI, Lew JH, Hong E, Shim JS, Cheong JH, Ryu JH. (PubMed)
(15)Promotion effect of acankoreoside J, a lupane-triterpene in Acanthopanax koreanum, on hair growth by Kim SC, Kang JI, Park DB, Lee YK, Hyun JW, Koh YS, Yoo ES, Kim JA, Kim YH, Kang HK. (PubMed)
(16) Promotion effect of norgalanthamine, a component of Crinum asiaticum, on hair growth by Kim SC, Kang JI, Kim MK, Hyun JH, Boo HJ, Park DB, Lee YJ, Yoo ES, Kim YH, Kim YH, Kang HK. (PubMed)
(17) Promotion effect of Schisandra nigra on the growth of hair by Kang JI, Kim SC, Hyun JH, Kang JH, Park DB, Lee YJ, Yoo ES, Kang HK. (PubMed)

Yoga Inhibits #ChronicHeadache by Enhancing Head Muscles Relaxation and Revitalization and Improving Hypertension in Blood Circulation, Scientists Say

Kyle J. Norton

Yoga therapy may have an important role in regulating central versus peripheral mechanisms in the expression of a chronic headache, the study by the All India Institute of Medical Sciences suggested.

Yoga, the ancient technique for harmonizing external and internal body well beings, through breath control, meditation, bodily movement, and gesture..... has been best known to people in the Western world and some parts of Asia due to health benefits reported by various respectable institutes research and supported by health advocates.

According to the study to investigate the role of muscle spasm overactivity in chronic tension-type headache (CTTH) with 15 patients of CTTH and 7 age-matched controls, randomized assigned to either yoga intervention or control, the yoga group demonstrated a significant improvement in reduced overactivity of the temporalis muscle in CTTH patients at rest in compared with control.

Furthermore, after examining the EMG records, researchers found that the yoga group displays a strong improvement in subjective pain scores. and a substantial decrease in the mean electromyography (EMG) amplitude of temporalis muscle during rest and mental activity in compared to other applications such as nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, and botulinum toxin injections.

EMG amplitude is a medical technique used to evaluate details of the timing and magnitude of muscle activation as well as muscles in powering a variety of types of locomotion.

Truly, yoga breathing and relaxation reduced daily stress by calming the central nervous system by connecting the mind and body, restoring the endocrine system in hormone balancing.

The technique of practice also reduced the production of the stress hormone cortisol and brought back the present moment, while letting them go or dealing them in a profound way.

Furthermore, yoga postures and deep breathing ameliorated the overexpression of nerve neurons in the transmitted information of sensation, stress, and suffering by strengthening the flow of energy, thus enhancing relaxation in response to pain through unraveling the mind-body samskaras.

Moreover, in a study of 50 patients (aged 18-58 years) with a clinical diagnosis of CCTH, divided into 2 groups,
* Group 1 (n=30) patients have received 8 lessons and practical demonstration of Brahmakumaris spiritual-based meditation known as Rajyoga meditation for relaxation therapy, in addition to routine medical treatment (analgesics and muscle relaxants) and

* Group 2 (n=20) patients have received analgesics and muscle relaxants twice a day but no relaxation therapy in the form of meditation by Dr. Kiran, and colleagues, to support the effect of yoga therapy in reduced symptoms and pain in tension types of headache,

After 8 week follow-up period, scientists showed that both therapies show a highly significant reduction in headache variables but the yoga group expressed a highly significant relief of severity, duration & frequency of a headache by 94%, 91%, and 97% compared to group 2 of 36%, 36%, and 49% respectively.

The total headache relief according to the headache index was 99% in the yoga group compared to only 51% in the control group.

These results indicated that yoga intervention may have an acute effect in ameliorated pain in chronic tension headaches.

More promisingly, in the study to provide preliminary data on the feasibility, acceptability, and safety of alignment-based yoga for youths with chronic headaches, researchers at the joint study led by the Medical College of Wisconsin/Children's Hospital of Wisconsin found that yoga therapy may be considered pediatric headaches treatment, indicated by positive parent and participant ratings of the yoga experience.

Indeed, some yoga instructors suggested that the alleviation of stress by yoga exercise in reduced insomnia and swelling and constriction of the blood vessels was a result of yoga in initiated deep sleep and reduced tension of the blood vessels in the face and neck.

Additionally, these results were also associated with yoga exercise effects in enhanced head muscles relaxation and revitalization and improved hypertension in blood circulation, particularly in people with chronic headaches.

The findings suggested that yoga intervention may be used as an integrated form of exercise in providing relief in the severity of a headache, duration & frequency of a chronic headache, particularly in tension types of a headache.


Natural Medicine for Fatty Liver And Obesity Reversal - The Revolutionary Findings To Achieve Optimal Health And Lose Weight

How To Get Rid Of Eye Floaters
Contrary To Professional Prediction, Floaters Can Be Cured Naturally

Ovarian Cysts And PCOS Elimination
Holistic System In Existence That Will Show You How To
Permanently Eliminate All Types of Ovarian Cysts Within 2 Months

Back to Kyle J. Norton's Homepage http://kylejnorton.blogspot.ca


Author Biography

Kyle J. Norton, Master of Nutrients
Health article writer and researcher; Over 10.000 articles and research papers have been written and published online, including worldwide health, ezine articles, article base, health blogs, self-growth, best before it's news, the Karate GB Daily, etc.,.
Named TOP 50 MEDICAL ESSAYS FOR ARTISTS & AUTHORS TO READ by Disilgold.com Named 50 of the best health Tweeters Canada - Huffington Post
Nominated for shorty award over last 4 years
Some articles have been referenced in medical research, such as the international journal Pharma and Bioscience, ISSN 0975-6299.


Sources
(1) Role of temporalis muscle over activity in chronic tension-type headache: effect of yoga based management by Bhatia R1, Dureja GP, Tripathi M, Bhattacharjee M, Bijlani RL, Mathur R.(PubMed)
(2) Effect of rajyoga meditation on chronic tension headache by Kiran, Girgla KK, Chalana H, Singh H.(PubMed)
(3) A pilot study of yoga for chronic headaches in youth: promise amidst challenges by Hainsworth KR1, Salamon KS2, Khan KA3, Mascarenhas B4, Davies WH2, Weisman SJ3.(PubMed)
(4) Interpreting muscle function from EMG: lessons learned from direct measurements of muscle force by Thomas J. Roberts1,* and Annette M. Gabaldón(PMC)

The Anti-#NonAlcoholicFattyLiverDisease (#NALFD) #Herbal Remedies, Scientists Reveal

Kyle J. Norton

Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease is a liver disease characterized by fat accumulated in the liver, not caused by abusive alcohol consumption.
The disease is also manifested by steatosis, steatohepatitis, and cirrhosis.

Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is emerging as a widespread condition in the US due to increasing obesity in the adult population.

Obesity is associated linearly with the prevalent risk of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD).

In conventional medicine, treatments of NAFLD are mainly focused on weight loss accompanied by pharmacologic therapy in the control of insulin resistance and dyslipidemia.


As of today, there is no effective pharmacologic therapy approved specifically and directly for the treatment of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD).

Finding natural treatments for less or no side effects has become an urgent in many scientific communities, including researchers at Universities.

Alternative medicines for the treatment of NAFLD have been expressed in a number of successful histories.

1. Turmeric
Turmeric is a perennial plant in the genus Curcuma, belongings to the family Zingiberaceae, native to tropical South Asia.

Turmeric has long been used in herbal medicine in treating a number of diseases.

Today, its curcuminoid, curcumin has attracted interest from researchers in many parts of the world.

Curcumin, as an antihyperlipidemic agent, has been found to lower the “bad cholesterol” low-density lipoprotein (LDL) and increase high-density lipoprotein (HDL) which reduces the risk of fat accumulated in the tissues in the liver.

In support of the above, the water-soluble curcumin derivative was tested for its efficacy against steatohepatitis which is an inflammation of the liver with concurrent fat accumulation in the liver, researchers found that the derivative not only significantly alleviates fibrosis but also decreases the grade of liver steatosis.

2. Hawthorn
Hawthorn is shrubs and trees of the genus Crataegus, belongings to the family Rosaceae, native to temperate regions of the Northern Hemisphere in Europe, Asia, and North America.

The herb has been used in traditional medicine to treat heart disease and symptoms of heart diseases such as irregular heartbeat, high blood pressure, chest pain, hardening of the arteries, etc., circulatory disorders, and respiratory illnesses.

Out of 246 kinds of Chinese herbs, hawthorn fruit is found in the list of many formulas for treatments of Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD).

3. Phytochemical Berberine and 4. Resveratrol
Berberine and resveratrol, the phytochemical found abundantly in many vegetables and fruits as well as herbs and herbal formulas such as Polygonum hypoleucum Ohwi, and Artemisia sacrorum Ledeb., and formulae including Yinchenhao Decoction (, YCHD), Qushi Huayu Decoction (, QSHYD), and Danning Tablet.

According to studies, these formulas not only improved a biochemical and histological change in nonalcoholic fatty liver disease, but also inhibited lipid accumulation by up-regulating low-density lipoprotein receptor (LDLR) expression, alleviating lipid peroxidation, and reducing the production of inflammatory cytokines.

In such instances, Berberine and resveratrol may be considered as a potential treatment for nonalcoholic fatty liver disease in the future.

5. Phytochemical Triterpenoid
Triterpenoid is various unsaturated hydrocarbons, found in essential oils and oleoresins of plants, including Ilex, hainanensis Merr.

In the study to test the effect of Triterpenoid-rich fraction (TP) from Ilex hainanensis Merr. on NAFLD with Male Sprague-Dawley (SD) fed with a normal diet (control) or high-fat diet (NAFLD model), after 4 weeks, then orally administrated TF (250 mg/kg) for another two weeks, researchers showed that TP not only improves the symptoms of the subjects but also decreases the levels of triglyceride, total cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, abnormality of lipid accumulation, levels of inflammation and infection and apoptosis response in the liver.

Of these results, TF is effective in protecting the liver against NAFLD by regulating lipids metabolism and alleviating insulin resistance, inflammation, and oxidative stress.

6. Peony
Mu Dan Pi or Dan Pi (Cortex Moutan Radicis) is also known as a peony.

The acrid, bitter, and mild cool herb has been used in TCM as an anti microorganism, anti-inflammatory agent and to enhance circulation and immune system, etc., as it clears heat and cools the blood, clears fire of yin deficiency, clears blood stasis and rids of clots, etc., by enhancing the functions of heart, liver and kidney channels.

Peony, a very popular Chinese herb is emerging in many studies for its anti-inflammatory, anticoagulative, anti-microbial, and cytokine-modulating effects, as well as properties as treatments of arthritis and asthma.

In the study of the effects of peony in non-alcoholic liver disease caused by insulin resistance with Adult SD rats fed on a high-fat-sugar-salt diet for 56 days, divided randomly into a nonalcoholic fatty liver model group, metformin group (0.2 g x kg(-1)) and total glucosides of peony group, scientists at end of the experiment showed that oral administration of total glucosides not only inhibit hyperinsulinemia but also decrease levels of triglyceride (TG), total cholesterol (TC), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C).

Further analysis also found that peony also raises levels of high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C)] and ameliorates the overexpression of activities of aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), cholinesterase (ChE) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) as well as contents of malondialdehyde (MDA).

These results suggested that paeony may consist of a potential effect in protecting liver function by modulating serum lipids and decreasing oxidative stress caused by lipid peroxidation in the induction of fatty liver.

7. Bayberry
Bayberry is a species of Myrica gale, genus Myrica, belongings to the family Myricaceae.

Herbal medicine contains a number of bioactive chemical constituents, including gallic acid, quercetin hexoside, quercetin deoxyhexoside, quercetin, anthocyanins, flavonols, and elllagitannins.

In a randomized, placebo-controlled, double-blind, crossover study of 44 participants (ages 18-25 y) given 250 mL of either bayberry juice or placebo twice daily for 4 wk, researchers found that intake of bayberry juice decreases inflammation and infection, liver cell apoptosis, and death of liver tissues as well as reducing the risk of steatosis progression in precipitated NALFD.

8. Green Tea
Green tea, a precious drink processes a number of health benefits known to almost everyone in Asia and the Western world.

According to the University of Connecticut, Storrs, the efficacy of green tea for treatment of obese patients with the nonalcoholic fatty liver disease is associated to its antioxidant compound polyphenolic catechins in the induction of hypolipidemic, thermogenic, antioxidant, and anti-inflammatory activities.

These chemical compounds are also found to mitigate the occurrence and progression of NAFLD.

Dr. Masterjohn C(7), the lead author said, “(The phytochemical compounds are) demonstrating the hepatoprotective properties of green tea and its catechins and the proposed mechanisms by which these targeted dietary agents protect against NAFLD”.

In mice fed on a high-fat diet for 24 weeks, then injected with EGCG (10, 20 and 40 mg·kg(-1)·d(-1), ip), for 4 weeks, researchers found that treated mice show a significant improvement in body weight, grade 2 or 3 liver fatty degeneration (steatosis, lobular inflammation, and ballooning), severe hyperlipidemia, hyperglycemia, hyperinsulinemia and insulin resistance caused by high-fat diet.

The phytochemicals EGCG, in dose-dependent also enhanced insulin clearance and upregulated IDE protein expression and enzyme activity in regulated levels of glucose in the liver of treated mice.

In fact, EGCG not only promotes weight loss but also attenuates symptoms of mice with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease.

Administration of green tea polyphenols (GTP) on non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) in Zucker fatty (ZF) rats, not only decreased weight gain and visceral fat but also reduced fasting serum insulin, glucose, and lipids levels, through an ameliorated expression of hepatic TG accumulation and cytoplasmic lipid droplet as well as diminished hepatic lipogenesis and triglycerides out flux from the liver.

9. Herbal Anise
Arnica is a herbaceous species, genus perennial, belongings to the family Asteraceae, native to Europe and Asia, and used in herbal medicine for centuries in the treatment of strains, sprains, and bruises.
Wound healing is a process of repairing the damage to skin, tissues, organs, etc.

In the comparison of the effect of anise fruit essential oil and extract and the risk of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease, researchers at the Islamic Azad University conducted an study of 60 rats randomly divided into ten groups, six in each group with NAFLD induced by using a choline-deficient diet for 90 days and followed by 30 days of treatment with 25, 50, 100, and 200 mg/kg/day of hydroethanolic extract (AE) as well as 0.125, 0.25, and 0.5 mg/kg/day of essential oil (AO).

At the end of the experiment, researchers found that both applications exert significantly reverse activities in increased plasma levels of total cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein, and triacylglycerol and decreased in high-density lipoprotein level caused by choline-deficient diet in a dose-dependent manner.

Additional differentiation also found that AE and AO reduced the elevated levels of enzymes aspartate transaminase (AST) and alanine transaminase (ALT) which are considered as an indication of either liver injury or damage caused by the acute inflammation.

Observation of injection anise AE and AO also exerted a powerful antioxidant activity in significantly lower overexpression of ROS in an exhibited free radical chain reaction in the induction of oxidative stress to precipitated liver toxicity.

According to the histological findings, researchers concluded that both AE and AO display a substantial effect in reduced macrovesicular steatohepatitis which is the leading cause of liver cancer.

Further analysis also addressed that both anise AE and AO demonstrated a strong effect in ameliorated lipid peroxidation induced by oxidative stress indicated by elevation of plasma level of 8-isoprostane which is correlated to the prevalence of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD).

Taken together, remedies indicated may be considered functional foods for the treatment of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD).

However, additional data collection on clinical studies performed with human consumption on large sample sizes and multi-canters during the course of diseases will be necessary to complete the picture of the above natural remedies’ effects in completing the treatment possibilities.

Natural Medicine for Fatty Liver And Obesity Reversal - The Revolutionary Findings To Achieve Optimal Health And Lose Weight

How To Get Rid Of Eye Floaters
Contrary To Professional Prediction, Floaters Can Be Cured Naturally

Ovarian Cysts And PCOS Elimination
Holistic System In Existence That Will Show You How To
Permanently Eliminate All Types of Ovarian Cysts Within 2 Months

Back to Kyle J. Norton Homepage http://kylejnorton.blogspot.ca


Author Biography
Kyle J. Norton (Scholar, Master of Nutrition, All right reserved)
Health article writer and researcher; Over 10.000 articles and research papers have been written and published online, including worldwide health, ezine articles, article base, health blog, self-growth, best before it's news, the Karate GB Daily, etc.,.
Named TOP 50 MEDICAL ESSAYS FOR ARTISTS & AUTHORS TO READ by Disilgold.com Named 50 of the best health Tweeters Canada - Huffington Post
Nominated for shorty award over last 4 years
Some articles have been referenced in medical research, such as the international journal Pharma and Bioscience, ISSN 0975-6299.

Sources
(1) Curcumin and liver disease.Vera-Ramirez L, Pérez-Lopez P, Varela-Lopez A, Ramirez-Tortosa M, Battino M, Quiles JL.(PubMed)
(2) [The effects of curcumin derivative on experimental steatohepatitis].[Article in Chinese] by Zeng CH, Zeng P, Deng YH, Shen N, Peng ML, Liu Q, Ren H.(PubMed)
(3) Methodologies for investigating natural medicines for the treatment of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) by Kim MS, Kung S, Grewal T, Roufogalis BD. (PubMed)
(4) Traditional Chinese medicines benefit to nonalcoholic fatty liver disease: a systematic review and meta-analysis by Shi KQ, Fan YC, Liu WY, Li LF, Chen YP, Zheng MH. (PubMed)
(5) Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease and liver transplantation: Outcomes and advances by Said A.(PubMed)
(6) The effects of ezetimibe on non-alcoholic fatty liver disease and glucose metabolism: a randomised controlled trial by Takeshita Y, Takamura T, Honda M, Kita Y, Zen Y, Kato KI, Misu H, Ota T, Nakamura M, Yamada K, Sunagozaka H, Arai K, Yamashita T, Mizukoshi E, Kaneko S.(PubMed)
(7) Pharmacokinetic study of major bioactive components in rats after oral administration of extract of Ilex hainanensis by high-performance liquid chromatography/electrospray ionization mass spectrometry by Jie Yanga,1, Fang Lva, 1, Xiao-qing Chenb, Wei-xi Cuia, Li-hong Chenc, Xiao-dong Wena, Qiang Wanga(Science direct)
(8) Triterpenoid-rich fraction from Ilex hainanensis Merr. attenuates non-alcoholic fatty liver disease induced by high fat diet in rats by Cui WX, Yang J, Chen XQ, Mao Q, Wei XL, Wen XD, Wang Q.(PubMed)
(9) Chinese Herbs – Mu Dan Pi or Dan Pi (Cortex Moutan Radicis)
(10) [Effects of total glucosides of paeony on enhancing insulin sensitivity and antagonizing nonalcoholic fatty liver in rats].[Article in Chinese] by Zheng LY, Pan JQ, Lv JH. (PubMed)
(11) Therapeutic potential of green tea in nonalcoholic fatty liver disease by Masterjohn C1, Bruno RS. (PubMed)
(12) Green tea polyphenol epigallocatechin-3-gallate ameliorates insulin resistance in non-alcoholic fatty liver disease mice by Gan L1, Meng ZJ1, Xiong RB2, Guo JQ1, Lu XC1, Zheng ZW1, Deng YP1, Luo BD1, Zou F3, Li H1. (PubMed)
(13) Green tea polyphenols ameliorate non-alcoholic fatty liver disease through upregulating AMPK activation in high fat fed Zucker fatty rats by Tan Y1, Kim J1, Cheng J1, Ong M1, Lao WG1, Jin XL1, Lin YG1, Xiao L1, Zhu XQ1, Qu XQ1. (PubMed)
(14) Pimpinella anisum L. fruit: Chemical composition and effect on a rat model of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease by Asadollahpoor A1, Abdollahi M2, Rahimi R3,(PubMed)