Application of #CalendulaEssentialOil Protects Your Skin Against Lipid Peroxidation through Its Antioxidant Activity, Researchers Say

Kyle J. Norton

Scientists may have found a herbal medicine for the protection of the skin against oxidative stress in the induction of skin diseases, with no side effects, some studies suggested.

What are the exact causes of skin damage? Some researchers suggested that long-term exposure to the sun is the most common cause of skin damage. UV rays can damage the DNA of skin cells, affecting normal skin cell growth. UV rays have been linked to the early onset of skin cancer, epidemiologically.

Other causes of skin damage include chronic stress, and skin diseases such as pimples, acne, or rosacea.

Truly, improper skin care and healing of a pimple, acne, and rosacea can damage the facial skin, leaving uneven skin tone.

Dr. Ying Chen, the lead scientist in the study "Brain-Skin Connection: Stress, Inflammation, and Skin Aging" wrote, "The intricate relationship between stress and skin conditions has been documented since ancient times. Recent clinical observations also link psychological stress to the onset or aggravation of multiple skin diseases".

Calendula is also known as pot marigold, annual or perennial herbaceous plant of about 12–20 species of the genus Calendula, belonging to the family Asteraceae, native to Southern Europe.

The herb has been used in herbal medicine as spasmolytic, spasmogenic, and inflammatory effects and to treat abdominal cramps, wound healing, skin diseases, colitis, constipation, etc.

Ingredients
Besides having major chemical constituents of triterpenoids, flavonoids, coumarines, quinones, volatile oil, carotenoids, and amino acids, the herb also contains loliolide (calendin), calendulin and n-paraffins.

In the study to reaffirm the sun protective effects of essential oil extracted from Calendula flowers (Calendula officinalis L., Asteraceae).\in a cream formulation, researchers at the Bhagwant University launched an investigation using in vitro method employing UV-visible spectrophotometer (Shimazdu-1600).

The application of the cream exerted a significant effect in protecting the skin against UV radiations in the form of sunscreen cream and maintaining the natural pigmentation of the skin, without inducing no side effects.

Furthermore, the application of a cream (O/W) containing 4% and 5% of Calendula essential oil on biochemical parameters of the skin of albino rats against UV-B radiation also decreased the oxidative stress markers observed by a significant decrease in the malondialdehyde level.

Additional analysis suggested that 4% and 5% of Calendula essential oil inhibited the levels of oxidative stress and lipid peroxidation by stimulating the production of antioxidant enzymes such as catalase, glutathione, and superoxide dismutase in the host and increasing the levels of ascorbic acid, and the total protein level after 1 month of daily irradiation and treatment, compared to untreated control groups.

Interestingly, the cutaneous application of the essential oil of Calendula prevents UV-B-induced alterations in the level of antioxidants in skin tissue.

These discoveries indicated reactive oxygen species (ROS) generated from UV-B radiation with the capacity to cause oxidative decomposition which leads to the formation of toxic components and lipid peroxidation is totally inhibited by the topical 4% and 5% of Calendula essential oil.


The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, launched an evaluation to test the effects of a newly formulated topical cream of Calendula extract on the mechanical parameters, such as age-related changes in the skin, skin elasticity, skin fatigue, skin hydration, and antiaging, using the Cutometer 580 MPA device designed to measure the mechanical properties of the skin in response to the application of negative pressure.

Two creams (base and formulation) prepared in the study were applied to the cheeks of 21 healthy human volunteers for a period of eight weeks. Every individual was asked to come on weeks 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, and 8 for measurements, using Cutometer MPA 580 every week.

At the end of the experiment, researchers found that the newly formulated topical cream of Calendula extract exerts significant improvements only in hydration and firmness of the skin.

The findings suggested that Calendula essential oil and extract may have a potential effect in preventing skin damage by UV-B radiation and protecting the skin against damage due to oxidative stress.

However, due to the limitation of the above studies, further data collection on large example size and multi-center studies performed with human consumption of whole food during the course of the exposure will be necessary to complete the picture of skin protective possibilities.


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Author Biography
Kyle J. Norton (Scholar, Master of Nutrition, All right reserved)
Health article writer and researcher; Over 10.000 articles and research papers have been written and published online, including worldwide health, ezine articles, article base, health blogs, self-growth, best before it's news, the Karate GB Daily, etc.,.
Named TOP 50 MEDICAL ESSAYS FOR ARTISTS & AUTHORS TO READ by Disilgold.com Named 50 of the best health Tweeters Canada - Huffington Post
Nominated for shorty award over last 4 years
Some articles have been referenced in medical research, such as the international journal Pharma and Bioscience, ISSN 0975-6299.

References
(1) Phytochemical Constituents and PharmacologicalActivities of Calendula officinalis Linn (Asteraceae): a review by BP Muley, SS Khadabadi and NB Banarase (Tropical Journal of Pharmaceutical Research)
(2) Assessment of In vitro Sun Protection Factor of Calendula Officinalis L. (Asteraceae) Essential Oil Formulation by Mishra A, Mishra A, Chattopadhyay P.(PubMed)
(3) Effects of Calendula Essential Oil-Based Cream on Biochemical Parameters of Skin of Albino Rats against Ultraviolet B Radiation by Mishra AK, Mishra A, Verma A, Chattopadhyay P.(PubMed)
(4) Calendula extract: effects on mechanical parameters of human skin by Akhtar N, Zaman SU, Khan BA, Amir MN, Ebrahimzadeh MA. (PubMed)
(5) Brain-Skin Connection: Stress, Inflammation and Skin Aging by Ying Chen* and John Lyga. (PMC)

5-methoxypsoralen (5-MoP) Found in #FennelSeedExtract Shows A Strongest Inhibition of Toxins Induced by Drug Interaction , Scientists Show

Kyle J. Norton

Fennel seeds may have the potential to act as liver antitoxins enzymes in removing xenobiotics from our body, some scientists suggested.

Liver cytochrome P450 3A4 (abbreviated CYP3A4) is an important enzyme, mainly found in the liver with the function of stimulating the removal of toxins from our body through the oxidation of small foreign organic molecules (xenobiotics).

Acute drug toxicity is a condition characterized by having too much of a drug in the body at once caused by overdoses of a certain medicine.

Otherwise, drug toxicity is a condition of toxin accumulation caused by long-term intake of medicine which has a strong and negative impact on the liver or kidneys enzymes that are responsible for toxin removals.

The signs and symptoms of toxicity differ depending on the medication. However, most common symptoms may include diarrhea, dizziness, nausea, stomach pains, vomiting, and weakness.

Untreated drug toxicity may induce complications of ataxia, muscle twitches, slurred speech, nystagmus, seizures, coma,....... and, in rare cases, heart problems and death.

Dr. ALASDAIR BRECKENRIDGE, in the article " A clinical pharmacologist's view of drug toxicity" wrote, "Our ability to understand the basis of adverse drug reactions has improved progressively, and with it, the ability to prevent their occurrence; one aim of the clinical pharmacologist is to identify patients at special risk" and " With a fair degree of certainty one can also predict that advances in bioinformatics, genomics, and combinatorial chemistry will progressively contribute to clinical toxicology in the future"(6).

Fennel (Foeniculum vulgare) is a plant species of the genus, belongings to Apiaceae (Umbelliferae), native to the Mediterranean


The herb or food has been used in traditional and herbal medicine as a warming, carminative, antispasmodic, and depressant agent and to stimulate the appetite, ease indigestion, soothe coughing, reduce intestinal spasms, regulate the menstrual cycle, and relieve PMS,...

In the study to compare the effectiveness of herbal compounds isolated from fennel against toxins that are mediated by human liver cytochrome P450 3A4, researchers found that 13 compounds process a strong inhibitory activity(1).

Among these compounds, 5-methoxypsoralen (5-MoP) showed the strongest inhibition of toxins induced by drug interaction with an IC50 value of 18.3 μm and with a mixed type of inhibition(1).

According to the Brescia University Hospital, 5-methoxypsoralen (5-MOP) may be considered an alternative to 8-methoxypsoralen (8-MOP) for photochemotherapy of psoriasis, proven by the study in compared the clinical efficacy and tolerability of 5-MOP (1.2 mg/kg)-UVA versus 8-MOP (0.6 mg/kg)-UVA therapy in 25 patients of skin type III and IV(5).


The University of Toyama conducted an experiment to examine whether methanolic extract of fennel showed a characteristic of mechanism-based inactivation on erythromycin N-demethylation mediated by human liver microsomal cytochrome P450 3A4 (CYP3A4), suggested, 5-methoxypsoralen (5-MOP) showed the strongest inhibition with an IC50 value of 18.3 microM and a mixed type of inhibition, similar to those of above study.

With the preincubation time of 20 min only, 5-MOP showed preincubation time dependency with the IC50 value decreased from 18.3 microM with a preincubation time of 0 min to 4.6 microM with a preincubation time of 20 min(2).

These results suggested that 5-MOP acts as a human Liver Cytochrome P450 3A4 in the inhibition of toxins caused by drug interaction in a time-dependent manner.

Additionally, in the examine the antitoxic effect of 30 sample plants of Indonesia, caused by injection of xenobiotics, researchers showed that methanol extracts isolated from fennel seed exerted time-dependent inhibition toxins oxidized similarly to those of cytochrome P450 3A4 (CYP3A4) and CYP2D6.


In comparing the experimental injection to another plant with the same volume, fennel seeds extract should contain mechanism-based inhibitors on CYP3A4.

Mechanism-based inhibition or suicide inhibition, also known as suicide inactivation is an irreversible form of enzyme inhibition. If you need more information about the definition, please click the link provided by the Evidence Based Medicine

Taken together, fennel may be considered a functional food in protect liver detoxed enzymes against overexpression of toxins caused by small foreign organic molecules.


Natural Medicine for Fatty Liver And Obesity Reversal - The Revolutionary Findings To Achieve Optimal Health And Lose Weight

How To Get Rid Of Eye Floaters
Contrary To Professional Prediction, Floaters Can Be Cured Naturally

Ovarian Cysts And PCOS Elimination
Holistic System In Existence That Will Show You How To
Permanently Eliminate All Types of Ovarian Cysts Within 2 Months

Back to Kyle J. Norton's Homepage http://kylejnorton.blogspot.ca


Author Biography
Kyle J. Norton (Scholar, Master of Nutrition, All right reserved)
Health article writer and researcher; Over 10.000 articles and research papers have been written and published online, including worldwide health, ezine articles, article base, health blogs, self-growth, best before it's news, the Karate GB Daily, etc.,.
Named TOP 50 MEDICAL ESSAYS FOR ARTISTS & AUTHORS TO READ by Disilgold.com Named 50 of the best health Tweeters Canada - Huffington Post
Nominated for shorty award over last 4 years
Some articles have been used as references in medical research, such as the international journal Pharma and Bioscience, ISSN 0975-6299.

Sources
(1) Foeniculum vulgare Mill: A Review of Its Botany, Phytochemistry, Pharmacology, Contemporary Application, and Toxicology by Shamkant B. Badgujar,* Vainav V. Patel, and Atmaram H. Bandivdekar(PMC)
(2) Inhibition on human liver cytochrome P450 3A4 by constituents of fennel (Foeniculum vulgare): identification and characterization of a mechanism-based inactivator by Subehan1, Zaidi SF, Kadota S, Tezuka Y(PubMed)
(3) Mechanism-based inhibition of CYP3A4 and CYP2D6 by Indonesian medicinal plants by Subehan1, Usia T, Iwata H, Kadota S, Tezuka Y.(PubMed)
(4) Antimicrobial and P450 Inhibitory Properties of Common Functional Foods by San Nguyen1 , Huang Huang2 , Brian C. Foster1,3, Teresa W. Tam1 , Tim Xing2 , Myron L. Smith2 , John T. Arnason1 , Humayoun Akhtar(J Pharm Pharm Sci (www.cspsCanada.org) 17(2) 254 - 265, 2014)
(5) A reappraisal of the use of 5-methoxypsoralen in the therapy of psoriasis by Calzavara-Pinton P1, Ortel B, Carlino A, Honigsmann H, De Panfilis G(PubMed)
(6) A clinical pharmacologist's view of drug toxicity by ALASDAIR BRECKENRIDGE(PMC)

#Herbal #Arnica Exerts a Significant Reduction of Pain, Stiffness and Promotion of Physical Functioning of the Joints in #Osteoarthritis, Scientists Reveal

Kyle J. Norton

Arnica may have a substantial and positive effect in reduced risk and treatment of osteoarthritis, some scientists suggested.
Osteoarthritis (OA), a form of arthritis, is a chronic condition characterized by wear and tear on a joint due to aging, affecting over 25 million people in the United States in alone.

The University of Porto Medical School suggested that one must understand the differences in prevalence and incidence estimates of osteoarthritis (OA), according to case definition, in knee, hip, and hand joints(3).

The most common symptoms of osteoarthritis are aching pain, stiffness, or difficulty moving the joint or joints.

The pain usually gets worse in a change of weather, at night, and in advanced diseases, the pain can occur even at rest.

Today management of osteoarthritis (OA) focuses on pain relief and improved physical function through pharmacological, nonpharmacological, and surgical treatments.

An unhealthy diet that causes nutrient deficiency and overload, damage of cartilage, a joint injury that did not heal properly, overuse, and autoimmune rheumatoid arthritis also have potential effects on the increased prevalence of osteoarthritis.

Arnica is a herbaceous species, genus perennial, belongings to the family Asteraceae, native to Europe and Asia, and used in herbal medicine for centuries to treat strains, sprains, and bruises.
Wound healing is a process of repairing the damage to skin, tissues, organs, etc.

In a randomized, double-blind study of 204 patients to investigate the effect of ibuprofen (5%) and Arnica (50 g tincture/100 g, DER 1:20), as gel preparations in patients with radiologically confirmed and symptomatically active osteoarthritis of interphalangeal joints of hands, researchers found that after 21 days of treatment, group treated with Arnica exerted a significant effect in relieve and function of the joints of hands similar to group treated with the conventional medicine.

4.8% in the Arnica group reported some tolerate adverse effects compared to 6.1% in the group treated with ibuprofen.

After taking into account other co and con factors, Dr. the lead researcher said, "Our results confirm that this preparation of Arnica is not inferior to ibuprofen when treating osteoarthritis of the hands".


In other to confirm the effect of Arnica as a form of functional food for the treatment of osteoarthritis, scientists at the Valens Clinic for Rheumatism conducted a study of the topical application of Arnica montana fresh plant gel twice daily, in 26 men and 53 women with mild to moderate osteoarthritis (OA) of the knee.

According to the study, treatment after 3 and 6 weeks demonstrated a strong improvement in the median total scores on the Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Osteoarthritis Index (WOMAC), used by health professionals with a proprietary set of standardized questionnaires to evaluate the condition of patients with osteoarthritis, including knee and hip, including pain, stiffness, and physical functioning of the joints.

Furthermore, in regard to the symptoms expression of osteoarthritis, the application of the herbal preparation exerted a significant reduction of pain, and stiffness, observed by the pain and stiffness score.

A score of the mean of function subscales also showed significant reductions at these time points.


The physical function subscale found in the Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Osteoarthritis Index (WOMAC) is considered more consistent with stronger test-retest reliability compared to the pain score with some inconsistencies across the studies.

However, local tolerate adverse effects were reported in 7.6 % of patients who attended the study with one patient with an allergic reaction.

Interestingly, at the end of the study, 87% rated the tolerability of the gel as "good" or "fairly good," and 76% would use it again.

These results indicated that topical application of Arnica montana gel for 6 weeks alleviated symptoms of osteoarthritis in all aspects and may be considered as a well-tolerated, and effective treatment of mild to moderate OA of the knee.

Taken together, as a topical herbal medicine, Arnica may be considered a functional food for attenuated symptoms and treatment of osteoarthritis.


Natural Medicine for Fatty Liver And Obesity Reversal - The Revolutionary Findings To Achieve Optimal Health And Lose Weight

How To Get Rid Of Eye Floaters
Contrary To Professional Prediction, Floaters Can Be Cured Naturally

Ovarian Cysts And PCOS Elimination
Holistic System In Existence That Will Show You How To
Permanently Eliminate All Types of Ovarian Cysts Within 2 Months

Back to Kyle J. Norton's Homepage http://kylejnorton.blogspot.ca


Author Biography
Kyle J. Norton (Scholar, Master of Nutrition, All right reserved)
Health article writer and researcher; Over 10.000 articles and research papers have been written and published online, including worldwide health, ezine articles, article base, health blogs, self-growth, best before it's news, the Karate GB Daily, etc.,.
Named TOP 50 MEDICAL ESSAYS FOR ARTISTS & AUTHORS TO READ by Disilgold.com Named 50 of the best health Tweeters Canada - Huffington Post
Nominated for shorty award over last 4 years
Some articles have been referenced in medical research, such as the international journal Pharma and Bioscience, ISSN 0975-6299.


Sources
(1) Choosing between NSAID and arnica for topical treatment of hand osteoarthritis in a randomized, double-blind study by Widrig R1, Suter A, Saller R, Melzer J.(PubMed)
(2) Arnica montana gel in osteoarthritis of the knee: an open, multicenter clinical trial by Knuesel O1, Weber M, Suter A.(PubMed)
(3) The effect of osteoarthritis definition on prevalence and incidence estimates: a systematic review by Pereira D1, Peleteiro B, Araújo J, Branco J, Santos RA, Ramos E.(PubMed)

#Carrot Exhibits Antioxidant Activity by inhibiting the Diseaases Associated with #Oxidativestress in the Induction of Inflammatory Cytokines, According to Studies

Kyle J. Norton

Carrots may have a profound and positive effect in reduced oxidative stress in the induction of related chronic diseases, including atherosclerosis, cancers, diabetes, rheumatoid arthritis, post-ischemic perfusion injury, myocardial infarction, cardiovascular diseases,... and stroke, some scientists suggested.
Oxidative stress is the indication of overexpression free radicals in the body due to the depletion of antioxidants produced by the host tissue.

According to the Department of Biotechnology, M. J. College, "Overproduction of free radicals can cause oxidative damage to biomolecules, (lipids, proteins, DNA), eventually leading to many chronic diseases".

The studies of carrots in reduced overproduction of reactive oxygen species in facilitated oxidative stress were carried out by several respectable institutes and the results were published online medical literature.

Carrot, a root vegetable with an orange color is a subspecies of Daucus carota, belongings to the family Apiaceae, native to Asia and Europe.

In the investigation of the relation of dietary supplementation with lycopene (LYC), a major active biochemical compound found in carrot, on age-induced cognitive impairment, and the potential underlying mechanisms, using the behavioral tests, researchers at Northwest A&F University, researchers found that chronic injection of LYC exerts a potential effect in alleviated age-associated memory loss and cognitive defects through several mechanisms

Application of lycopene improved antioxidant produced by the host body in countering to the overexpression of free radicals, including glutathione, catalase, and superoxide dismutase activities and the levels of antioxidant-enzyme.

Treatment of the phytochemical displayed a strong activity in reversed age-associated neuronal damage and synaptic dysfunctions in the brain, through inhibited the levels of malondialdehyde (MDA) levels in associated to oxidative stress.

Malondialdehyde (MDA) levels are considered oxidative makers used in the treatment of cancers and other oxidative-related diseases.

Interestingly, researchers also indicated that chronic injection of bioactive lycopene lowers the levels of the accumulation of Aβ1-42 in the brains in the aged CD-1 mice model.

Evidence suggested that Aβ-induced oxidative stress may place the majority of the causative effect of increased cellular oxidative stress upon oligomeric Aβ(1–42).

Furthermore, LYC supplementation also significantly reduced age-associated neuroinflammation caused by overexpression of free radicals in the activation of proinflammatory cytokines by inhibiting microgliosis (Iba-1) in response to damage to the central nervous system (CNS) and related inflammatory chemicals mediators.

These results overwhelmingly suggested that lycopene injection processes a strong effect in reduced risk and treatment of diseases associated with overproduction of ROS, through re-balancing the ratio of antioxidant and free radicals in the host body.

Moreover, in d-galactose-induced CD-1 male mice cognitive impairments, chronic LYC supplementation (50 mg/kg body weight per day) demonstrated a significant activity in inhibition of oxidative stress-induced cognitive defects.

Injection of lycopene also ameliorated histopathological damage and restored brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) levels in the hippocampus of mice. These findings reaffirms the conclusion of the Northwest A&F University study.

LYC treatment in an animal model also increased the antioxidant of the host by activating the mRNA expressions of antioxidant enzymes HO-1 and NQO-1 and inhibited the oxidative stress in the induction of inflammatory cytokines IL-1β and TNF-α in the host hippocampus.

More precisely, LYC attenuated neuronal oxidative damage through activation of Nrf2 signaling in increased levels of anti-inflammatory cytokines and inactivation of NF-κB translocation in signaling pro-inflammatory expression.

Dr. Zhao B, the lead scientist, after taking into account co and confounders said, " LYC could ameliorate oxidative stress-induced neuroinflammation and cognitive impairment possibly via mediating Nrf2/NF-κB transcriptional pathway".

The findings indicated that carrots with the major active compound lycopene may be considered functional foods in the prevention and treatment of oxidative-related diseases by restoring the ratio of reactive oxygen species and levels of antioxidants in the body.

Natural Medicine for Fatty Liver And Obesity Reversal - The Revolutionary Findings To Achieve Optimal Health And Lose Weight

How To Get Rid Of Eye Floaters
Contrary To Professional Prediction, Floaters Can Be Cured Naturally

Ovarian Cysts And PCOS Elimination
Holistic System In Existence That Will Show You How To
Permanently Eliminate All Types of Ovarian Cysts Within 2 Months

Back to Kyle J. Norton's Homepage http://kylejnorton.blogspot.ca


Author Biography
Kyle J. Norton (Scholar, Master of Nutrition, All right reserved)
Health article writer and researcher; Over 10.000 articles and research papers have been written and published online, including worldwide health, ezine articles, article base, health blogs, self-growth, best before it's news, the Karate GB Daily, etc.,.
Named TOP 50 MEDICAL ESSAYS FOR ARTISTS & AUTHORS TO READ by Disilgold.com Named 50 of the best health Tweeters Canada - Huffington Post
Nominated for shorty award over last 4 years
Some articles have been used as references in medical research, such as the international journal Pharma and Bioscience, ISSN 0975-6299.
Sources
(1) Lycopene Supplementation Attenuates Oxidative Stress, Neuroinflammation, and Cognitive Impairment in Aged CD-1 Mice by Zhao B1, Liu H1, Wang J1, Liu P1, Tan X1, Ren B1, Liu Z1, Liu X(PubMed)
(2) Supplementation of lycopene attenuates oxidative stress induced neuroinflammation and cognitive impairment via Nrf2/NF-κB transcriptional pathway by Zhao B1, Ren B1, Guo R1, Zhang W1, Ma S1, Yao Y1, Yuan T1, Liu Z1, Liu X2(PubMed)

#Herbal Catnip Interaction with #Calcineurin Inhibits Inflammatory Diseases Through the Association with the Modulation of T-cells

Kyle J. Norton

Scientists may have found a herbal medicine that processes anti-inflammatory activity to protect our body from overexpression of pro-inflammatory cytokines causing damage to healthy cells in the infectious site without reducing inflammatory cytokine activities.

Inflammation is a natural reaction of the immune system which initial protein signaling in stimulated production of inflammatory expression against foreign organisms invasion.

However, under the infectious condition, systematic inflammatory response in some cases may over overact, leading to overproduction of pro-inflammatory cytokines such as TNF alpha,.... and

Interleukins (IL) 1 and 6. are a group of cytokines expressed by white blood cells of the immune system.

The Encyclopaedia Britannica wrote, "Like other cytokines, interleukins are not stored within cells but are instead secreted rapidly, and briefly, in response to a stimulus, such as an infectious agent. Once an interleukin has been produced, it travels to its target cell and binds to it via a receptor molecule on the cell’s surface" and "This interaction triggers a cascade of signals within the target cell that ultimately alter the cell’s behavior".

Catnip is also known as catswort, or catmint, a plant of Nepeta, belonging to the family of Lamiaceae, native to Europe and Asia.


The herb has been used in herbal medicine as an insect repellant and to treat digestive disorders, children's restlessness and nervousness, fevers, cold and flu, skin irritation stimulates sweating, promote menstruation, etc.

Ingredients
Besides the major constituent of terpenoid nepetalactone, the herb also contains α-Pinene, β-Pinene, Cyclohexen-1-yl-methyl ketone, Triplal, Thymol, Nepetalactone, Nepetalactone, etc.

In chronic related inflammation disease induced in 24 male Wister rats weighing 225 ± 25 gm, essential oil of catnip at the doses of 50 mg/kg, 100 mg/kg, and 200 mg/kg researchers found that administered doses intraperitoneally exert significant effects in reduced paw edema by alleviating symptoms of both the acute and chronic forms of nociception, through its anti-inflammatory effect(1).



Dr. Ali T, the lead scientist at the Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University, said, " NP 200 mg/kg reduced the pain sensation in the tail-flick (p <0.01) and formalin test (p <0.001 in both phases). In the paw edema test, NP 100 and 200 mg/kg significantly reduced the inflammation (p <0.01 and p <0.05)"(1).

The efficacy of catnip in inhibited chronic inflammation of experimental rats was attributed to chemical constituents 4aα,7α,7aβ-nepetalactone, and 1,8-cineole that form major parts in phytochemicals of the herb.

The Tarbiat Modares University study also showed that Nepeta crispa essential oil enhances anti-inflammatory effects in the formalin-induced paw inflammation model and significantly reduced paw edema(2).

More precisely, the essential oil injection ameliorated acute pain in animal models, including the tail-flick (p < 0.001) in the first phase of the formalin test (p < 0.01) through the production of analgesia(2).

In the late phase of the formalin test, the essential oil significantly reduced the pain-induced behavior against chronic pain(2).

Furthermore, in the study of extracts and isolated compounds tested against calcineurin, scientists showed that herbal catnip has a direct interaction with calcineurin through anti-inflammatory activity via modulation of T-cells in the mediation of inflammation(3).

Dr. Prescott TA and the research team at the Royal Botanic Gardens suggested, " Calcineurin inhibition should be considered as a potential mode of action when investigating the immunomodulatory activity of caffeoyl phenyle anoid glycoside containing plants"(3).

The findings suggested that herbal catnip may be considered a functional food for the treatment of acute and chronic inflammation without reducing the function of the immune system in protecting our body against infection.

However, large sample sizes and multi-center clinical studies during the course of human consumption are necessary to reaffirm the catnip anti-inflammatory possibility.

Natural Medicine for Fatty Liver And Obesity Reversal - The Revolutionary Findings To Achieve Optimal Health And Lose Weight

How To Get Rid Of Eye Floaters
Contrary To Professional Prediction, Floaters Can Be Cured Naturally

Ovarian Cysts And PCOS Elimination
Holistic System In Existence That Will Show You How To
Permanently Eliminate All Types of Ovarian Cysts Within 2 Months

Back to Kyle J. Norton's Homepage http://kylejnorton.blogspot.ca


Author Biography
Kyle J. Norton (Scholar, Master of Nutrition, All right reserved)
Health article writer and researcher; Over 10.000 articles and research papers have been written and published online, including worldwide health, ezine articles, article base, health blogs, self-growth, best before it's news, the Karate GB Daily, etc.,.
Named TOP 50 MEDICAL ESSAYS FOR ARTISTS & AUTHORS TO READ by Disilgold.com Named 50 of the best health Tweeters Canada - Huffington Post
Nominated for shorty award over last 4 years
Some articles have been referenced in medical research, such as the international journal Pharma and Bioscience, ISSN 0975-6299.


References
(1) Evaluation of the antinociceptive and anti-inflammatory effects of essential oil of Nepeta pogonosperma Jamzad et Assadi in rats by Ali T, Javan M, Sonboli A, Semnanian S.(PubMed)
(2) Antinociceptive and anti-inflammatory activities of the essential oil of Nepeta crispa Willd. in experimental rat models by Ali T, Javan M, Sonboli A, Semnanian S.(PubMed)
(3) Direct inhibition of calcineurin by caffeoyl phenylethanoid glycosides from Teucrium chamaedrys and Nepeta cataria by Prescott TA, Veitch NC, Simmonds MS.(PubMed)
(4) Interleukin PROTEIN by Encyclopaedia Britannica

#Emodin Isolated From #CascaraSagrada Inhibits #HerpesSimplexVirusInfection through Cell Cycle Arrest and Aisrupted Viral DNA which Promotes Reduplication, According to Studies

By Kyle J. Norton

Herbal Cascara Sagrada containing the major bioactive compound Emodin may be considered as a functional herb that inhibits diseases caused by infection of Herpes simplex virus, some scientists found.
Herpes simplex virus 1 and 2, the 2 members of the herpesvirus family, also are best known as human herpesvirus 1 and 2.

The classification of the virus is based on its likelihood to cause infection. According to WHO(5), in the expression of conventional medicine, there is no cure for the diseases and both HSV-1 and HSV-2 infections are lifelong.

* HSV-1 is mainly transmitted by oral-to-oral contact such as oral herpes.

* HSV-2 is a sexually transmitted infection.

However, both HSV-1 and HSV-2 can cause genital herpes.

According to statistics, approximately 3.7 billion people under age 50 (67%) are infected by HSV-1 and 417 million people aged 15-49 (11%) are infected by HSV-2 globally.

Some patients infected by the virus do not experience any symptoms, however, some may affect by symptoms of painful blisters or ulcers at the site of infection.

The virus is very contagious in the presence of symptoms but it can also be transmitted to other virus carriers who experience no symptoms at all.


Some researchers suggested that the risk of HIV infection is strongly associated with patients who are infected with HSV-2 with or without symptoms.

The study of risk factors of HSV-1 and 2

* (HSV-1) By the University of Bielefeld includes coitus experience, oral lesion, seropositivity, and a higher level of perceived stress. And according to the returned questionnaire from participants, most lifestyle, gender, or age are not risked factors with drinking alcohol was found to be a protective factor(3).


* (HSV-2) By the University of Washington, include seropositivity (include female gender), race (black), history of sexually transmitted infections, increasing numbers of sexual partners, sexual contact with commercial sex workers, and low socio-economic status or level of education.

Particularly, age is considered as a related risk factor as it, likely reflects the cumulative number of sex partners, the age of initiation of sexual activity, and duration of sexual activity as well as chronic nature of HSV-2 infection"(4).

Conventional medicine used for the treatment of herpes simplex virus may be effective but induces serious side effects of nausea, diarrhea, vomiting, digestive discomforts, headache, and dizziness. fatigue,.... joint and muscle aches. In a serious case, the medicine may cause visual changes.

Cascara sagrada is a species of buckthorn, genus Rhamnus, belongings to the family Rhamnaceae, native to western North America.

The herbal medicine bark has been used in traditional medicine for gastrointestinal support, through its laxative and natural cleansing,

Emodin, the major component found in many herbs including cascara Sagrada, in the study against HSV infection, exerted a significant effect in inhibiting the replication of HSV-1 and HSV-2 in cell culture at the concentration of 50 μg/ml with an antiviral index of 2.07 and 3.53, respectively(1).
In an animal model, treatment of emodin increased the survival rate of HSV-infected mice, and prolonged survival time(1).

After additional analysis of the experiment Dr. Xiong HR, the lead author suggested, the injection of emodin expressed a higher efficacy in eliminating the virus from the brain, heart, liver, and ganglion, in compared to the viral controls.

According to the differentiation of the China Medical University, the application of emodin not only demonstrated strong apoptotic activity in HSV cell cycle arrest but also reduced plaque formation with an EC(50) of 21.5+/-4.4 muM(2).

Virus plaque formation according to plaque reduction assay is a measurement of plaque that the spread of progeny viruses released by individually infected cells is restricted to neighboring cells(7).

The Immunohistochemical staining using the anti-nucleocapsid protein antibody also demonstrated that emodin inhibited HSV infection through induced the accumulation of viral nucleocapsids (which refer to the protein coat (capsid) and the nucleic acid) in the nucleus in a dose-dependent manner(2).

Moreover, emodin also inhibited the yields of HSV-1 via the suppression of a novel target, UL12, an HSV-1 gene that plays an important role in processing viral DNA intermediates for survival by promoting production.

The findings suggested that herbal Cascara Sagrada process anti-herpes simplex virus potential through cell cycle arrest and disrupted viral DNA which promotes reduplication.

However, further data collection on large example size and multi-center studies performed with human consumption of whole food during the course of the disease will be necessary to complete the picture of Cascara Sagrada anti-Herpes simplex virus possibilities.

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Back to Kyle J. Norton's Homepage http://kylejnorton.blogspot.ca


Author Biography
Kyle J. Norton (Scholar, Master of Nutrition, All right reserved)
Health article writer and researcher; Over 10.000 articles and research papers have been written and published online, including worldwide health, ezine articles, article base, health blogs, self-growth, best before it's news, the Karate GB Daily, etc.,.
Named TOP 50 MEDICAL ESSAYS FOR ARTISTS & AUTHORS TO READ by Disilgold.com Named 50 of the best health Tweeters Canada - Huffington Post
Nominated for shorty award over last 4 years
Some articles have been referenced in medical research, such as the international journal Pharma and Bioscience, ISSN 0975-6299.
References
(1) The effect of emodin, an anthraquinone derivative extracted from the roots of Rheum tanguticum, against herpes simplex virus in vitro and in vivo by Xiong HR, Luo J, Hou W, Xiao H, Yang ZQ.(PubMed)
(2) Emodin is a novel alkaline nuclease inhibitor that suppresses herpes simplex virus type 1 yields in cell cultures by Hsiang CY, Ho TY. (PubMed)
(3) Herpes simplex virus type 2 transmission: risk factors and virus shedding by Wald A(PubMed)
(4) Risk factors of herpes simplex type 1 (HSV-1) infection and lifestyle factors associated with HSV-1 manifestations by Stock C1, Guillén-Grima F, de Mendoza JH, Marin-Fernandez B, Aguinaga-Ontoso I, Krämer A(PubMed)
(5) Herpes simplex virus, Key Fact by WHO
(6) Now playing: Viral plaque formation by Virology Blog

#Avocado Inhibits #ProstateCancer by Stimulating the Production of #Protein Associated with Cell Cycle Progression and Cell Apoptosis, Researchers Say

Kyle J. Norton

Scientists may have found a popular fruit that has a profound and positive effect on the prevention and treatment of prostate cancer, some studies suggested.

Prostate cancer is a medical and chronic disease characterized by cells growing disorderly and uncontrollably in the tissue of prostate gland. At the later stage, cancerous cells may travel a distance away from the prostate gland to infect other healthy tissue and organs.


According to a statistic in the US, 1 in 9 men will be diagnosed with prostate cancer during their lifetime. Approximately, 6 cases out of 10 diagnosed with the condition are men aged 65 or older.

In 2017, 21,300 men in Canada were diagnosed with prostate cancer which represents 21% of all new cancer cases in men. And 4,100 men died from the disease(4).

Although Inherited mutations such as BRCA1 and BRCA2 that cause abnormal cell growth in the prostate gland are considered a major cause of prostate cancer, Acquired gene mutations such as overproduction of androgens (male hormones) gene that promotes prostate cell growth also contribute to prostate cancer risk in some men.

However, years of studies also suggested that increases in age, ethnic group, family history, obesity, environmental chemical,.... and unhealthy diet also have a strong implication in induction to the onset of prostate cancer.


Due to the slow progression of the disease, most patients do not experience any symptoms until the advanced stage. The most common symptoms include blood in the urine (hematuria), burning or pain during urination, difficulty urinating, decreased flow or velocity of urine stream, ......more frequent urges to urinate at night.

In some cases, patients may also be a loss of bladder control.

If you experience some of the above symptoms, please check with your doctor immediately to rule out the possibility.

Avocados are a commercially valuable fruit cultivated in tropical climates throughout the world.

The fruit has a green-skinned, pear-shaped fruit that ripens after harvesting, native to the Caribbean, Mexico, South America, and Central America, belonging to the flowering plant family Lauraceae.


Chemical constituents
The fruit contains campesterol, high amounts of β-sitosterol; fatty acids (approximately 60% monounsaturated, 20% saturated, and 20% unsaturated); high amounts of glutathione (27.7 mg/100 g); approximately 2% protein; 6–9% carbohydrates and sugars (glucose, fructose, d-mannoheptulose, a taloheptulose, and an alloheptulose); two bitter substances (1-acetoxy-2,4-dihydroxyheptadeca-16-ene and 1,2,4-trihydroxyheptadeca-16-ene); carnitine; proanthocyanidins; persenones A and B(a).

According to the Case-control study of 209 men 40-80 years old with newly diagnosed, histologically confirmed prostate cancer and 226 cancer-free men attending the same urology clinics conducted by the University of the West Indie, intake of dietary MUFA from whole fruit of avocado are associated to reduced risk and treatment of prostate cancer(1).

Dr. Jackson MD, the lead scientist said, "Whole-blood and dietary MUFA reduced the risk of prostate cancer. The association may be related to avocado intakes. High blood linolenic acid was directly related to prostate cancer" and " Dietary intakes of other fats were not associated with PCa"(1).

The University of California study showed that the anti-prostate cancer effects of avocado are not attributed to a single ingredient such as carotenoids (zeaxanthin, alpha-carotene, and beta-carotene), lutein but the interaction of all ingredients in the whole fruit in combination with other diet-derived phytochemicals(2).

The study suggested, intake of avocado stimulated the increased production of increase in p27 protein which involves function as tumor suppressor in controlling the cell cycle progression, in incubated PC-3 cells(2)

Avocado induced PC- 3 cancer cell death through cell apoptosis through G(2)/M cell cycle arrest the study continued(2).

In the evaluation of the effect of the anticancer of avocado conducted by the Purdue University study also showed a positive effect of the whole fruit in inhibition of six human tumor cell lines in culture, including human prostate adenocarcinoma (PC-3) cells(3).

The newly isolated Compounds 3 form of avocado containing g 1,2,4-triol moiety and a long aliphatic chain that terminates as either an alkane, alkene, or alkyne, respectively, exerted the strongest activity against PC-3 comparable to adriamycin, an anti-cancer conventional medicine(3).


Furthermore, when tested against yellow fever mosquito larvae, the 3-form avocado also was more effective than rotenone, a natural botanical insecticide(3).

Therefore, men who are at high risk of prostate cancer may want to add a portion of avocado into their daily diet for preventive measures.

Taken together, avocados with abundant carotenoids (zeaxanthin, alpha-carotene, and beta-carotene), and lutein may be considered a functional food for the prevention and treatment of prostate cancer.

However, additional large sample sizes and multicenter clinical trials with human consumption during the course of the disease are necessary to reconfirm avocado anti-prostate cancer possibility.

Natural Medicine for Fatty Liver And Obesity Reversal - The Revolutionary Findings To Achieve Optimal Health And Lose Weight

How To Get Rid Of Eye Floaters
Contrary To Professional Prediction, Floaters Can Be Cured Naturally

Ovarian Cysts And PCOS Elimination
Holistic System In Existence That Will Show You How To
Permanently Eliminate All Types of Ovarian Cysts Within 2 Months

Back to Kyle J. Norton's Homepage http://kylejnorton.blogspot.ca


Author Biography
Kyle J. Norton (Scholar, Master of Nutrition, All right reserved)
Health article writer and researcher; Over 10.000 articles and research papers have been written and published online, including worldwide health, ezine articles, article base, health blogs, self-growth, best before it's news, the Karate GB Daily, etc.,.
Named TOP 50 MEDICAL ESSAYS FOR ARTISTS & AUTHORS TO READ by Disilgold.com Named 50 of the best health Tweeters Canada - Huffington Post
Nominated for shorty award over last 4 years
Some articles have been referenced in medical research, such as the international journal Pharma and Bioscience, ISSN 0975-6299.
References
(a) Leung's Encyclopedia of Natural Ingredients:Chemical Composition of Avocado
(1) Associations of whole-blood fatty acids and dietary intakes with prostate cancer in Jamaica by Jackson MD1, Walker SP, Simpson-Smith CM, Lindsay CM, Smith G, McFarlane-Anderson N, Bennett FI, Coard KC, Aiken WD, Tulloch T, Paul TJ, Wan RL. (PubMed)
(2) Inhibition of prostate cancer cell growth by an avocado extract: role of lipid-soluble bioactive substances. by Lu QY1, Arteaga JR, Zhang Q, Huerta S, Go VL, Heber D.(PubMed)
(3) Cytotoxic and insecticidal constituents of the unripe fruit of Perseaamericana by Oberlies NH1, Rogers LL, Martin JM, McLaughlin JL.(PubMed)
(4) Prostate cancer statistics, Canadian Cancer Society
12. Avocado and Skin health
13. Avocado and Cadiovascular diseases