Holistic Health Articles and Research Related to Herbal Medicines, Foods and Phytochemicals

Monday, 10 June 2019

Healthy Food Tomato Inhibits Hepatic Steatosis in Vivo

By Kyle J. Norton

Hepatic steatosis is a medical condition caused by the accumulation of fat in the liver.

In other words, if the intrahepatic fat of your liver is more than 5% of liver weight, you are considered to have hepatic steatosis. Over time, untreated hepatic steatosis can lead to liver metabolic dysfunction, inflammation, and advanced forms of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease.

Epidemiologically, hepatic steatosis has been found to induce complications in patients with obesity, alcohol intoxication and/or hepatic disorders.

There are several mechanisms involved in the accumulation of intrahepatic fat, including increased flux of fatty acids to the liver, increased de novo lipogenesis, and/or reduced clearance through β-oxidation or very-low-density lipoprotein secretion.

People who are obese, having the condition of insulin resistance or diabetes, dyslipidemia, hypertension, metabolic syndrome, rapid weight loss, using hepatotoxic medications total parenteral nutrition (TPN) are at the increased risk of hepatic steatosis.

Out of many prevalent factors involved in the onset of hepatic steatosis, some researcher suggested that the promotion of the Western diet over the past few decades in the Western world may have a strong and negative impact that acelerates the incidence onset.

Dr. Michael D. Roberts, the lead scientist wrote, "Six weeks of WD feeding caused hepatic steatosis development as evidenced by the 2.25-fold increase in liver triacylglycerol content, but did not induce advanced liver disease (i.e., no overt inflammation or fibrosis)".

And, "sub-chronic WD feeding appears to increase hepatic steatosis development over a 6-week period but only induces select inflammation-related liver transcripts, mostly acute phase response genes. These findings continue to outline the early stages of NAFLD development prior to overt liver inflammation and advanced liver disease".

The results strongly suggested the risk of the Western diet on hepatic steatosis developing.

Tomato is red, edible fruit, genus Solanum, belonging to family Solanaceae, native to South America. Because of its health benefits, the tomato is grown worldwide for the commercial purpose
and often in the greenhouse.

In the urgency to discover healthy foods for the treatment of hepatic steatosis, researchers examined the effect of tomato consumption on biomarkers and gene expression related to lipid metabolism in rats with induced steatosis.

The study included 24 adult male Sprague-Dawley rats (8 weeks old) randomly assigned to (n = 6 rats/group) four experimental groups, including NA (normal diet and water), NL (normal diet and tomato juice), HA (high-fat diet and water) and HL (high-fat diet and tomato juice).

According to the tested assays, before treatment of tomato, HA group fed high-fat diet-induced hepatic steatosis confirmed by the levels of alanine aminotransferase and aspartate aminotransferase, an indication of liver stress and injury.

Tomato treated group showed a significant increase of levels of lycopene and its secondary metabolites in the livers of these animals, particularly in HL than in NL group, apparently due to higher absorption (63.07 vs. 44.45%).

Furthermore, tomato treated group protected the liver by alleviating oxidative stress through reduction of isoprostanes in the urine observed by increased levels of antioxidant enzymes.

Moreover, levels of high-density lipoprotein were also increased in the HL group compared to the HA group.

Interesting, overexpression of several genes related to lipid metabolism was also found in the HL group compared to nontreatment groups.

In other words, tomato inhibited the onset and progression of hepatic steatosis.in high-fat diet mice by inhibiting liver oxidative stress and enhancing lipid metabolism.

Dr. Martín-Pozuelo G, the lead scientist wrote, "The consumption of tomato juice and tomato products reduced hallmarks of steatosis, plasmatic triglycerides, and very low-density lipoproteins, and increased lipid metabolism by inducing an overexpression of genes involved in more efficient fatty acid oxidation".

Taken altogether, tomato may be considered a dietary supplements for the prevention and treatment of hepatic steatosis, pending to large sample size and multicenter human study.

Sources
(1) The effect of tomato juice supplementation on biomarkers and gene expression related to lipid metabolism in rats with induced hepatic steatosis by Martín-Pozuelo G1, Navarro-González I, González-Barrio R, Santaella M, García-Alonso J, Hidalgo N, Gómez-Gallego C, Ros G, Periago MJ. (PubMed)
(2) Lipid biomarkers and metabolic effects of lycopene from tomato juice on liver of rats with induced hepatic steatosis by Bernal C1, Martín-Pozuelo G, Lozano AB, Sevilla A, García-Alonso J, Canovas M, Periago MJ. (PubMed)
(3) Western diet-induced hepatic steatosis and alterations in the liver transcriptome in adult Brown-Norway rats by Michael D. Roberts, C. Brooks Mobley, Ryan G. Toedebush, Alexander J. Heese, Conan Zhu,Anna E. Krieger, Clayton L. Cruthirds, Christopher M. Lockwood, John C. Hofheins,Charles E. Wiedmeyer, Heather J. Leidy, Frank W. Booth, and R. Scott Rector. (PMC)

Herbal Turmeric Protects the Cells Integrity and Viability Against Arsenic Exposure

By Kyle J. Norton

Arsenic is a toxic chemical with atomic number 33 found in many minerals, usually in combination with other chemicals, including sulfur and metals.

Arsenic exposure can be acute or chronic

* Acute arsenic toxicity is caused by arsenic toxicity that induces symptoms of nausea, vomiting, abdominal pain, and severe diarrhea. In severe cases, the acute condition also causes encephalopathy and peripheral neuropathy.

* Chronic arsenic toxicity results in multisystem disease.

Some studies suggested that inorganic arsenic has been found to act as a human carcinogen in the initiation of progression of skin, lung, and bladder cancer.

Chronic arsenic toxicity is also associated with liver and prostate cancer.

Recent studies suggested chronic arsenic toxicity also have a positive link to diabetes, neurological effects, cardiac disorders, and reproductive organs.

In skin cancer, exposure to trivalent arsenite was found to be associated with the occurrence of UV-induced skin cancers.

In Lung cancer, according to some studies, the risk of lung cancer is consistently higher in groups exposed to arsenic compared to a group that does not.

In bladder cancer, a recent study suggested that exposure to low concentrations of arsenic is related to bladder cancer because of potentially insufficient statistical power and errors in the classification of exposure status.

In liver cancer, risk of the liver is increased substantially at an arsenic concentration that is above 0.64, according to the 20-year retrospective cohort study on liver cancer patients (802 male and 301 female) from 138 communities in Taiwan suggested.

In prostate cancer, the relative odds ratio is increased depending on the concentration of arsenic concentration.

In other diseases

* Neurological disease

Risk of neurological disease is directly associated with the arsenic concentration, including neurobehavioral abnormalities during puberty, and neurobehavioral changes as an adult.

* Diabetes

The link of arsenic exposure and the incidence of diabetes has been reported between type 2 diabetes occurring in obese individuals aged 40 years or older on inorganic arsenic exposure.

* Skin disorder

Exposure to various concentrations of arsenic promotes skin cancer risk and is related to disorders in the prodromal phases of skin cancer.

* In cardiovascular disease

Arsenic affects thrombocytes in the initiation of cardiovascular diseases.

Turmeric is a perennial plant in the genus Curcuma, belonging to the family Zingiberaceae, native to tropical South Asia.

The herb has been used in traditional medicine as anti-oxidant, hypoglycemic, colorant, antiseptic, wound healing agent, and for the treatment of flatulence, bloating, and appetite loss, ulcers, eczema, inflammations, etc.

On finding a potential compound for the treatment of diseases associated with arsenic toxicity, researchers examined the effects of curcumin on DNA damage caused by arsenic.

In peripheral blood lymphocytes, from a healthy donor, DNA damage induced by arsenic was significantly reduced by curcumin, observed by the interaction of lymphocytes pre-incubated with curcumin prior to arsenic insult.

Furthermore, arsenic caused DNA damage by the generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and enhancement of lipid peroxidation level was inhibited by the administration of curcumin by increasing the level of phase II detoxification enzymes like catalase, superoxide dismutase, and glutathione peroxidase.

Moreover, injection of curcumin also enhanced the DNA repair activity against arsenic-induced damage, observed by the increased expression of the polymerase, a repair enzyme.

Based on the finding, Dr. Mukherjee S, the lead scientist said, "curcumin has a significant role in confronting the deleterious effect caused by arsenic, which could be an economic model of arsenic mitigation".

In the joint study led by the West Bengal University of Animal and Fishery Sciences to evaluate the ameliorative effect of turmeric and ginger powder against experimentally induced arsenic toxicity in calves, researchers showed that

* Turmeric and ginger powder significantly (P<0.05) reduced the plasma and hair arsenic levels through increased excretion via feces and urine.

* Turmeric and ginger treated groups inhibited the increased activity of AST and ALT of oxidative stress markers caused by arsenic toxicity.

* Blood profiles associated with toxicity also ameliorated by the administration of the combined formula.

* The Levels antioxidant enzymes produced by the host that was depressed by arsenic exposure were also increased by the treatment of turmeric and ginger treated groups.

Based on the results, researchers wrote, "The test drugs are found significantly effective not only to eliminate arsenic from the body but also give protection from possible damage caused by arsenic exposure".

Taken altogether, turmeric processed abundantly bioactive compound curcumin may be considered supplements for the prevention and treatment of diseases associated with chronic arsenic exposure, pending to the confirmation of the larger sample size and multicenter human study.

Intake of turmeric in the form of supplement should be taken with extreme care to prevent overdose acute liver toxicity.

Natural Medicine for Fatty Liver And Obesity Reversal - The Revolutionary Findings To Achieve Optimal Health And Lose Weight

How To Get Rid Of Eye Floaters
Contrary To Professionals Prediction, Floaters Can Be Cured Naturally

Ovarian Cysts And PCOS Elimination
Holistic System In Existence That Will Show You How To
Permanently Eliminate All Types of Ovarian Cysts Within 2 Months

Back to Kyle J. Norton Homepage http://kylejnorton.blogspot.ca

Author Biography
Kyle J. Norton (Scholar, Master of Nutrition, All right reserved)
Health article writer and researcher; Over 10.000 articles and research papers have been written and published online, including worldwide health, ezine articles, article base, health blogs, self-growth, best before it's news, the karate GB daily, etc.,.
Named TOP 50 MEDICAL ESSAYS FOR ARTISTS & AUTHORS TO READ by Disilgold.com Named 50 of the best health Tweeters Canada - Huffington Post
Nominated for shorty award over last 4 years
Some articles have been used as references in medical research, such as international journal Pharma and Bioscience, ISSN 0975-6299.

Sources
(1) Ameliorative effect of two Ayurvedic herbs on experimentally induced arsenictoxicity in calves by Biswas S1, Maji C1, Sarkar PK2, Sarkar S1, Chattopadhyay A3, Mandal TK. (PubMed)
(2) A Mechanistic Approach for Modulation of Arsenic Toxicity in Human Lymphocytes by Curcumin, an Active Constituent of Medicinal Herb Curcumalonga Linn by Mukherjee S1, Roy M, Dey S, Bhattacharya RK. (PubMed)
(3) Health Effects of Chronic Arsenic Exposure by Young-Seoub Hong,1,2 Ki-Hoon Song,3 and Jin-Yong Chun. (PMC)

Sunday, 9 June 2019

Turmeric Induces Cytotoxicity Against Cancer Cells in Vitro

By Kyle J. Norton

Cytotoxicity is an action that kills cancer cells by inducing toxin. Cytotoxicity to cancer cell has been used in chemotherapy to kill cancer cells but it also exerts a negative impact in the nearby healthy cells.

Cancer is a class of diseases characterized by cell growth irregularly in the tissue of specific organs. At the advanced stage, the most malignant cancer cell can travel a distance away to infect other healthy tissues and organs, leading to secondary metastasis through blood and fluids circulation.

Conventionally, chemotherapy depending on the types of drugs may induce side effects of

* Fatigue is a result of a chemo drug that kills cells discriminatorily.

* Hair loss is a result of a chemo drug that damages the hair follicles.

* Easy bruising and bleeding and infection are the results of reduced function of coagulation and weakened the immune system.

* Anemia (low red blood cell counts) is caused by the killing of the red blood cells.

* Nausea and vomiting and appetite changes are some general symptoms of chemo drugs. Delayed nausea and vomiting most commonly starts more than 24 hours after chemo and up to 5 to 7 days after treatment

* Constipation is the effects of chemo drug on the digestive system.

Treatment of side effects is completely depending on the symptoms.

Turmeric is a perennial plant in the genus Curcuma, belonging to the family Zingiberaceae, native to tropical South Asia.

The herb has been used in traditional medicine as anti-oxidant, hypoglycemic, colorant, antiseptic, wound healing agent, and for the treatment of flatulence, bloating, and appetite loss, ulcers, eczema, inflammations, etc.

With an aim to find a potential ingredient for the treatment of cancer, researchers examined the nanoemulsion developed as an advanced form for improving the delivery of turmeric extract-loaded nanoemulsion powder-10.6 (TE-NEP-10.6, high content of artificial surfactant Tween 80), which forms the optimal nanoemulsion, and the TE-NEP-8.6 made by increasing the content of natural emulsifier (lecithin) on reducing risk chemotoxicity.

In cultured NIH3T3, H9C2, HepG2, hCPC, and hEPC, nanoemulsion treatment exerted no significant difference in cell viability in all tested cell lines.

Both nanoemulsion treatments showed no toxicity at an experimental concentration of less than 1 mg/mL.

However, the cell survival rate of all tested primary cultured cells decreased in a concentration-dependent manner.

In other words, both nanoemulsion powder-10.6 and TE-NEP-8.6 inhibited the cancer cells grow without affecting chemotoxicity.

Additionally, according to the results of a joint study led by The New College (Autonomous), phyto-synthesis of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) including aqueous garlic, green tea, and turmeric extracts not only showed significant antioxidant activity against the DNA alternation in the initiation of cancer but also enhanced the cytotoxicity activity against four cancer cell lines such as human breast adenocarcinoma (MCF-7), cervical (HeLa), epithelioma (Hep-2) and lung (A549) along with one normal human dermal fibroblasts (NHDF) cell line.

Based on the findings, researchers said, "The AgNPs synthesized using turmeric extract exhibits excellent antioxidant and cytotoxicity activity compared to that synthesized using other extracts".

Taken altogether, turmeric processed abundantly bioactive compound curcumin may be considered supplements for the prevention and treatment of cancer, pending to the confirmation of the larger sample size and multicenter human study.

Intake of turmeric in the form of supplement should be taken with extreme care to prevent overdose acute liver toxicity.

Natural Medicine for Fatty Liver And Obesity Reversal - The Revolutionary Findings To Achieve Optimal Health And Lose Weight

How To Get Rid Of Eye Floaters
Contrary To Professionals Prediction, Floaters Can Be Cured Naturally

Ovarian Cysts And PCOS Elimination
Holistic System In Existence That Will Show You How To
Permanently Eliminate All Types of Ovarian Cysts Within 2 Months

Back to Kyle J. Norton Homepage http://kylejnorton.blogspot.ca

Author Biography
Kyle J. Norton (Scholar, Master of Nutrition, All right reserved)
Health article writer and researcher; Over 10.000 articles and research papers have been written and published online, including worldwide health, ezine articles, article base, health blogs, self-growth, best before it's news, the karate GB daily, etc.,.
Named TOP 50 MEDICAL ESSAYS FOR ARTISTS & AUTHORS TO READ by Disilgold.com Named 50 of the best health Tweeters Canada - Huffington Post
Nominated for shorty award over last 4 years
Some articles have been used as references in medical research, such as international journal Pharma and Bioscience, ISSN 0975-6299.

Sources
(1) Cytotoxicity Evaluation of Turmeric Extract Incorporated Oil-in-Water Nanoemulsion by Yoon HJ1, Zhang X2, Kang MG3, Kim GJ4, Shin SY5, Baek SH6, Lee BN7, Hong SJ8, Kim JT9, Hong K10, Bae H. (PubMed)
(2) Garlic, green tea and turmeric extracts-mediated green synthesis of silver nanoparticles: Phytochemical, antioxidant and in vitro cytotoxicity studies by Arumai Selvan D1, Mahendiran D1, Senthil Kumar R2, Kalilur Rahiman A. (PubMed)

Navy Bean, the Potential Treatment of Hypertension

By Kyle J. Norton

High blood pressure or hypertension is a medical condition characterized by abnormally high blood pressure in the arteries. High blood pressure is also a condition in the cluster of metabolic syndrome that increases the risk of heart disease, stroke, and diabetes.

Blood pressure is the force of blood pushing against the walls of the arteries as the heart pumps out blood.

Although at the early stage, high blood pressure usually does not cause symptoms, some patients in extreme cases may experience dizziness and light head, shortness of breath, nosebleeds, flushing, chest pain and visual changes.

Underlying medical conditions such as kidney disease and long term stress are associated with high blood pressure.

More precisely, according to the American hypertension Association, long-term untreated high blood pressure can induce complications such as

* Heart attack is casued by damages arteries due to high blood pressure that leads to the blockage or limited blood flow to the heart muscle.

* Stroke, damage blood vessels in the brain may be clogged and burst.

* Heart failure, high blood pressure increases the risk of enlarged-heart that limits the heart function in blood circulation

Conventional hypertensive medications have undoubtedly prevented many deaths from heart disease in the past 30 years, but they have many side effects.

If you current taking hypertensive medicine, please make sure you know all the side effects for the preventive measure.

Some researchers also found that excessive energy intake and obesity are major causes of hypertension.

Dr. Savica V, the lead author in the study "The effect of nutrition on blood pressure" wrote, "Obesity is associated with increased activity of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone and sympathetic nervous systems, possibly other mineralocorticoid activity, insulin resistance, salt-sensitive hypertension, and excess salt intake, and reduced kidney function".

High sodium chloride intake strongly predisposes to hypertension".

"Increased alcohol consumption may acutely elevate blood pressure. High intakes of potassium, polyunsaturated fatty acids, and protein, along with exercise and possibly vitamin D, may reduce blood pressure".

The small, white navy bean, also called pea bean or haricot, popular in both dry and green forms, is very popular in Britain and the US, native to Peru. It is now grown and consumed across the world, due to their numerous health benefits.

With an aim to find a potential ingredient for the treatment of hypertension, researchers investigated the inhibitory activities of the navy bean by preparation of navy bean milk (NBM) subjected to fermentation of four lactic acid bacteria (LAB) strains, namely, Lactobacillus helveticus MB2-1, Lactobacillus plantarum B1-6, and Lactobacillus plantarum 70810.

According to the tested assays, all fermented NBM showed higher angiotensin I-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitory activity compared to the unfermented ones.

By comparison of each strain, researchers found that 2 h, 3 h, and 5 h are the optimum fermentation periods for respectively L. plantarum 70810, L. plantarum B1-6 and L. bulgaricus.

Compared to the IC value without causing an intestinal disturbance, the extracts fermented by L. plantarum B1-6 exerted the lowest IC50 value of 21 ± 2.1 μg protein ml(-1).

Angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) is a central component of the renin-angiotensin system (RAS), which controls blood pressure by regulating the volume of fluids in the body.

In other words, the effect of LAB fermentation on the degradation of navy lean proteins and the capacity to release ACE inhibitory peptides may have a strong effect in the inhibition of hypertension.

Dr. Rui X, after taking other factors into account wrote, "The approach was promising to obtain probiotic products with the potential to serve as functional ingredients targeting hypertension".

Taken altogether, the fermented navy bean may be considered a remedy for the prevention and treatment of hypertension, pending to the confirmation of the larger sample size and multicenter human study.

Sources
(1) Enrichment of ACE inhibitory peptides in navy bean (Phaseolus vulgaris) using lactic acid bacteria by Rui X1, Wen D, Li W, Chen X, Jiang M, Dong M. (PubMed)
(2) The effect of nutrition on blood pressure by Savica V1, Bellinghieri G, Kopple JD(PubMed)

Cucumber, the Anti-Bacterial Infection Functional Food

By Kyle J. Norton

Infection is a condition that leads to inflammation caused by the invasion of a microbial organism on body tissues

The bacterial infection is the infection caused by bacteria. Most cases of bacterial infection are treated with antibiotics. However, bacteria are very adaptable, overuse of antibiotics has made many of them resistant to antibiotics.

There are trillions of strains of bacteria in the world, but only a few of these cause diseases in humans. Some of them live inside our gut.

Most common symptoms of bacterial infection include redness and heat, swelling, fever, pain at the site of infection.

In severe cases, the patient may also experience symptoms of swollen lymph glands.

Most cases of bacterial infection can be treated successfully if the types of bacteria that cause the infection are identified.

There are many risk factors associated with the onset of bacterial infection, some researchers suggested that people with a weakened immune system may increase the prevalence of bacterial infection.

Dr. Doyon PR, the lead scientist wrote, "Patients with a weakened immune system due to immunosuppressive treatment are at increased risk of infection with Streptococcus pneumoniae".

And, " in patients treated with immunosuppressive medication and compared to controls, the initial serologic response to the pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (PCV) and pneumococcal polysaccharide vaccine (PPSV) is impaired. Moreover, this impaired response was more profound after PCV than after PPSV".

The cucumber plant is a species of Cucumis Sativus, belongs to the family Cucurbitaceae and native to Western Asia. It is a creeping vine with roots in the ground and grows up with the support of frames.

With an aim to find a natural antibiotic for the treatment of bacterial infection, researchers compared the effect of potassium phosphite (KPhi) and chitosan on Cucurbitacin E (CuE) concentration in different tissues of Cucumis sativus against E.coli PTCC 1399 and Pseudomonas aeruginosa PTCC 1430 bacterial strains.

The experiment includes

* Group1. Leaves were sprayed with distilled water (Control),
* Group 2. The leaves were solely treated with potassium phosphate (KPhi),
* Group 3. Leaves were solely sprayed with chitosan (Chitosan), and
* Group 4. Leaves were treated with KPhi and chitosan (KPhi + chitosan).

Where the KPhi (2 g L-1) and chitosan (0.2 g L-1) were applied twice every 12 h for one day. Fruits, roots, and leaves were harvested 24 h later.

According to the results of antibacterial activity in each group, the highest level of CuE was found in fruit (2.2 g L-1) of plants under concomitant applications of KPhi and chitosan.

In other words, under the infected stage, fruit extract exhibited the highest potential for activity against E. coli PTCC 1399 (with a mean zone of inhibition equal to 36 mm) and Pseudomonas aeruginosa PTCC 1430 (with a mean zone of inhibition equal to 33 mm).

Based on the findings, researchers concluded, "KPhi and chitosan can induce production of CuE compound and increase the antibacterial potential of cucumber plant extract".

Additionally, researchers in the examination of cucumber seed antibacterial effect also found that besides acting as natural antibiotics without affecting nearby healthy cells, cucumber seed also has strong activity in improving good bacteria in the gut.

Precisely, cucumber seed enhanced the total number of gut bacteria and altered the abundance of specific bacterial phylum or genus.

Taken altogether, cucumber and its bioactive compound cucurbitacin B (CuB) may be used for the treatment of bacterial infection, pending to the confirmation of the larger sample size and multicenter human study.

Intake of CuB in the form of supplement should be taken with extreme care to prevent overdose acute liver toxicity.

Natural Medicine for Fatty Liver And Obesity Reversal - The Revolutionary Findings To Achieve Optimal Health And Lose Weight

How To Get Rid Of Eye Floaters
Contrary To Professionals Prediction, Floaters Can Be Cured Naturally

Ovarian Cysts And PCOS Elimination
Holistic System In Existence That Will Show You How To
Permanently Eliminate All Types of Ovarian Cysts Within 2 Months

Back to Kyle J. Norton Homepage http://kylejnorton.blogspot.ca
Author Biography
Kyle J. Norton (Scholar, Master of Nutrition, All right reserved)
Health article writer and researcher; Over 10.000 articles and research papers have been written and published online, including worldwide health, ezine articles, article base, health blogs, self-growth, best before it's news, the karate GB daily, etc.,.
Named TOP 50 MEDICAL ESSAYS FOR ARTISTS & AUTHORS TO READ by Disilgold.com Named 50 of the best health Tweeters Canada - Huffington Post
Nominated for shorty award over last 4 years
Some articles have been used as references in medical research, such as international journal Pharma and Bioscience, ISSN 0975-6299.

Sources
(1) Comparison between the effects of potassium phosphite and chitosan on changes in the concentration of Cucurbitacin E and on antibacterial property of Cucumis sativus by Ramezani M1, Rahmani F2, Dehestani A. (PubMed)
(2) Chemical Compositions of Cold-Pressed Broccoli, Carrot, and Cucumber Seed Flours and Their in Vitro Gut Microbiota Modulatory, Anti-inflammatory, and Free Radical Scavenging Properties by Choe U1, Li Y1,2, Gao B2, Yu L1, Wang TTY, Sun J, Chen P, Liu J3, Yu L. (PubMed)
(3) The effect of immunosuppressive agents on immunogenicity of pneumococcal vaccination: A systematic review and meta-analysis by van Aalst M1, Langedijk AC1, Spijker R2, de Bree GJ Grobusch MP4, Goorhuis A. (PMC)

Phytochemical Alliin Protects the Heart Against Cardiotoxicity in Vivo

By Kyle J. Norton

Cardiotoxicity is a condition caused by toxin accumulated in the heart that leads to damage to the heart muscle.

Cardiotoxicity reduced the heart pumping blood capability, leading to a decrease in oxygen-rich blood to nourish the body tissues and organs.

Most common symptoms of cardiotoxicity, are tiredness fatigue, chronic cough, water retention and shortness of breath.

If you have experienced some of the aforementioned symptoms that can be healed within a week or 2, please check with your doctor to rule out the possibility.

Most common causes of cardiotoxicity are associated with patients receiving chemotherapy and intake of certain medications. However, infection, excessive alcohol consumption, medical condition such as diabetes and thyroid disease, high blood pressure and thiamine and Vitamin B deficiency have also been found to induce cardiotoxicity.

Some researchers suggested that the promotion of a high-fat diet over the past few decades that facilitate widespread obesity may increase the cardiotoxicity risk of obese who are treated by chemotherapy.

Dr. Mitra MS, the lead scientist said, "Often, chemotherapy by doxorubicin (Adriamycin) is limited due to life-threatening cardiotoxicity in patients during and posttherapy. Recently, we have shown that moderate diet restriction remarkably protects against doxorubicin-induced cardiotoxicity".

And, "HFD-induced obese rats are highly sensitized to doxorubicin-induced cardiotoxicity".

In other words, non-obese patients who follow the recommended diet before taking chemotherapy are for the treatment of cancer are less sensitive to doxorubicin-induced cardiotoxicity compared to a high-fat diet obese.

Alliin (S-allyl-L-cysteine-S-oxide) is a phytochemical compound sulfoxide,. a derivative of the amino acid cysteine, belonging to the class of sulfur compounds, found abundantly in fresh garlic and onion.

With an aim to find a potential compound with cardioprotective activity, researchers examined the effect of S-allyl cysteine sulphoxide (SACS) in isoproterenol (ISO)-induced cardiotoxicity in male Wistar rats.

The study included myocardial infarction was induced by subcutaneous injection of ISO (150 mg/kg) once a day for 2 days followed by SACS (40 and 80 mg/kg) as pretreatment orally daily for a period of 35 days using an intragastric tube.

SACS pretreatment showed significantly lowered levels of free radicals and increased antioxidant activities of mitochondrial superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase, glutathione peroxidase (GPx), glutathione S-transferase (GST), and glutathione (GSH).

Furthermore, SACS pretreatment not only decreased the levels of mitochondrial cholesterol, free fatty acids (FFAs), triglycerides (TGs) and calcium, associated with plaque accumulation and the activity of xanthine oxidase (XOD) involved the production of the free radicals in the heart, but also increased significantly the levels of mitochondrial phospholipids of the inner membrane of the heart against damage.

Moreover, pretreatment of SACS also protected the heart mitochondrial fraction by increasing the activities of isocitrate dehydrogenase (ICDH), succinate dehydrogenase (SDH), alpha-ketoglutarate dehydrogenase (alpha-KGDH), NADH-dehydrogenase, and cytochrome C-oxidase.

Interestingly, oral administration of SACS for a period of 35 days showed no cardio effect in normal control rats.

In other words, SACS modulated heart function against mitochondrial cardiotoxicity without affecting the heart function in healthy control.

Based on the findings researchers said, "The effect at a dose of SACS 80 mg/kg was more effective than the dose 40 mg/kg. The results of the study conclude that SACS protect the mitochondria of the ISO-induced myocardial-infarcted rats".

In order to know more information about SACS cardioprotective activity, researchers examined the preventive role of SACS on glycoproteins and hematology in experimentally induced myocardial infarction in rats for 2 days.

Injection of SACS restored the abnormally significant increase in the levels of serum iron, uric acid and blood glucose, Na(+) and Ca(2+) characterized by heart damage and elevated blood glucose.

Furthermore, the significant decrease in the levels of plasma iron binding capacity, serum total protein, albumin/globulin ratio, heart K(+) and heart glycogen induced by isoproterenol (ISO) associated with heart tissues damage were also inhibited by the treatment of SACS in myocardial infarcted rats.

Moreover, SACS also modulated the immune response in the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines induced by isoproterenol (ISO) toxicity.

Additional differentiation of the results suggested that oral pretreatment with SACS (40 and 80 mg kg(-1)) daily for a period of 35 days prevents cardiotoxicity by improving all the biochemical parameters studied in ISO-induced rats.

Taken altogether, alliin may be considered supplements for the prevention and treatment of cardiotoxicity, depending on the confirmation of the larger sample size and multicenter human study.

Intake of alliin in the form of supplement should be taken with extreme care to prevent overdose acute liver toxicity.

Natural Medicine for Fatty Liver And Obesity Reversal - The Revolutionary Findings To Achieve Optimal Health And Lose Weight

How To Get Rid Of Eye Floaters
Contrary To Professionals Prediction, Floaters Can Be Cured Naturally

Ovarian Cysts And PCOS Elimination
Holistic System In Existence That Will Show You How To
Permanently Eliminate All Types of Ovarian Cysts Within 2 Months

Back to Kyle J. Norton Homepage http://kylejnorton.blogspot.ca

Author Biography
Kyle J. Norton (Scholar, Master of Nutrition, All right reserved)
Health article writer and researcher; Over 10.000 articles and research papers have been written and published online, including worldwide health, ezine articles, article base, health blogs, self-growth, best before it's news, the karate GB daily, etc.,.
Named TOP 50 MEDICAL ESSAYS FOR ARTISTS & AUTHORS TO READ by Disilgold.com Named 50 of the best health Tweeters Canada - Huffington Post
Nominated for shorty award over last 4 years
Some articles have been used as references in medical research, such as international journal Pharma and Bioscience, ISSN 0975-6299.

Sources
(1) Preventive effect of S-allyl cysteine sulphoxide (Alliin) on mitochondrial dysfunction in normal and isoproterenol induced cardiotoxicity in male Wistar rats: a histopathological study by Sangeetha T1, Darlin Quine S. (PubMed)
(2) Protective effect of S-allyl cysteine sulphoxide (alliin) on glycoproteins and hematology in isoproterenol induced myocardial infarction in male Wistar rats by Sangeetha T1, Quine SD. (PubMed)
(3) High fat diet-fed obese rats are highly sensitive to doxorubicin-induced cardiotoxicity by Mitra MS1, Donthamsetty S, White B, Mehendale HM. (PubMed)

Phytochemical Betacyanins Protects the Cell Integrity Against Cancers

By Kyle J. Norton

Cancer is a class of disease characterized by cell growth disorderly and uncontrollably in the tissues and organs.

Most common cancers are
* Breast cancer, accounting for 25.4% of the total number of new cases diagnosed in 2018.

Breast cancer starts in the tissues of the breast either from the inner lining of milk ducts (Ductal carcinoma) or the lobules (Lobular carcinoma) that supply the ducts with milk. there are also rare cases that breast cancer starts in other areas of the breast. The risk of getting invasive breast cancer during the lifetime of women is 1/8.

Luckily, the 5 years survival rate of localized breast cancer is about 100%.

* Colorectal cancer and lung cancers are the second and third most common cancers, accounting to 43.9% of all cancers, excluding non-melanoma skin cancer.

Colorectal cancer is cancer in the colon, rectum, or vermiform appendix. Colorectal cancer is relatively very common and slowly growing and progressing cancer.

The 5-year survival rate of the localized stage of colorectal cancer is about 90%.

Lung cancer is a condition of the abnormal growth of the cells in the lung's tissue. Most common form of primary lung cancers is derived from epithelial cells.

Lung cancer can also be classified into

* Non-small cell lung cancer
Non-small cell lung cancer is the most common type of lung cancer. It usually grows and spreads methodically and predictably.

* Small cell lung cancer

Small cell lung cancer is a fast-growing type of lung cancer, it can spread to distant parts of the body in a relatively early stage.

The overall 5-year survival rate of lung cancer is about 60%.

Betacyanins are phytochemicals in the class of red and yellow indole-derived pigments, belonging to the group of Betalains, found abundantly in beets, chard, etc.

In the finding, the health benefits of Betacyanins, researchers compared the effect of green beet (Beta vulgaris var. cicla L.) and red beetroot (B. vulgaris var. Rubra L.) phytochemicals that benefit the human health.

According to the chemical analysis, green beet contains apigenin, vitexin, vitexin-2-O-xyloside, and vitexin-2-O-rhamnoside, compared to the red beetroot as a source of betaxanthins and betacyanins.

All phytochemicals found in green and red beet show a considerable antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and antiproliferative activities.

In cancer perspective, vitexin-2-O-xyloside combined with betaxanthins and betacyanins, exerts a significant antiproliferative activity in breast, liver, colon, and bladder cancer cell lines, through the induction of cancer cells apoptosis.

Additionally, betacyanins and other phytochemicals found in the green and red beet inhibited the pro-survival and anti-apoptotic genes, modulated proteins associated with angiogenesis.

Moreover, betaxanthins and betacyanins used in combination with conventional anticancer drugs were found to reduce the chemo drug toxicity and overcome the multidrug resistance of cancer cells.

Based on the finding, researchers concluded betacyanins ma be yused alone or combined with other phytochemicals or chemo drug to block the onset of the proliferation of tumor cells.

Taken altogether, betacyanins may be considered a remedy for the prevention and treatment of cancer, pending to the confirmation of the larger sample size and multicenter human study.

Intake of betacyanins in the form of supplement should be taken with extreme care to prevent overdose acute liver toxicity.

Sources
(1) C-Glycosyl Flavonoids from Beta vulgaris Cicla and Betalains from Beta vulgaris rubra: Antioxidant, Anticancer and Antiinflammatory Activities-A Review by Ninfali P1, Antonini E1, Frati A1, Scarpa ES. (PubMed)