Strawberries, the Potential Anti-Chronic Inflammatory Diseases Functional Fruits

By Kyle J. Norton

Scientists may have found a whole fruit for the prevention and treatment of chronic inflammatory diseases, some studies suggested.

Inflammation is the natural and systematic immune response with an aim to protect our body against infectious stimuli associated to the acute body damage and injury.

During the acute phase of infection, the immune white blood cells of the first line of defense signal the production of proinflammatory cytokines to the site of damage within minutes to protect against blood loss and infection.

However, overproduction of pro-inflammatory cytokine in the acute phase can cause damage to the nearby healthy cells, leading to improper healing of the formation of scars.

Chronic inflammation that lasts longer than 3 months is a result of immune system failure in killing off all the infectious pathogens in the acute phase of inflammation.

More precisely, chronic inflammation is characterized by the simultaneous destruction and repair of the tissue from the inflammatory process as the result of the progressive change in the cells presented at the site of inflammation.

Some researchers suggested that chronic inflammation can also be caused by the immune system attacking the bodily the healthy tissue by mistaking them as foreign pathogens and long-term exposure to a low level of a particular irritant or foreign materials such as substances or industrial chemical, that can not be broken down by the body systems.

Strawberry is a genius of Fragaria × ananassa belongs to the family Roseaceae.

The fruits have been grown all over the world with a suitable climate for commercial profits and for health benefits.

The major chemical compounds of strawberry include anthocyanin and ellagitannins and p-Hydroxybenzoic acid, p-coumaric acid, ellagic acid, cyanidin-3-glucoside, pelargonidin-3-glucoside, kaempferol, quercetin, and myricetin.

In the reaffirming the epidemiological evidence supports the inverse associations between fruit and vegetable intake and incidence of chronic inflammatory disease, researchers at the Pure Encapsulations, Inc conducted an investigation to examine the effect of dietary botanicals with salient health benefits.

Inline with molecular pharmacology research, the tested berries including strawberry exerted a significant anti-inflammatory activity through the expression of the phenolic constituents and antioxidants.

Berry and spinach extracts in vitro exhibited the greatest antioxidant activity.

In a dose-dependent manner, a proprietary mixture of cranberry, strawberry and blueberry extracts inhibited inhibitor of κB kinase β, a central node in inflammatory signal transduction.

A proprietary mixture of blueberry, strawberry, and spinach extracts inhibited prolyl endopeptidase, a regulator of neuroinflammatory and an emerging therapeutic target in neurology and psychiatry.

After taking into account co and confounders, Dr. Heim KC, the lead scientists said, "Specific molecular targets of blended dietary plants with potential relevance to inflammation and neurological health".

Furthermore, in the study to reconfirm the anti-inflammatory efficacy of strawberry, researchers at the University of California conducted a test to evaluate the anti-inflammatory and blood glucose (BG)-regulating capacity of strawberries in a mouse model of diet-induced obesity.

A total of thirty-six male C57BL/6J mice included in the examination were randomly divided into four groups (nine mice per group). Mice were fed a low-fat diet (LF, 13 % fat), the LF supplemented with 2·6 % freeze-dried strawberry powder (LFSB), a high-fat diet (HF, 44 % fat) or the HF supplemented with 2·6 % strawberry powder (HFSB).

Before injection of strawberry extract, mice group fed with HF increased non-fasted BG, insulin, and proinflammatory cytokines and decreased the expression of anti-inflammatory factors.

Application of in HF diet group showed a strong effect in lowering the BG concentrations compared to the non-supplemented mice (11·37 mmol/l; P = 0·0022). The BG values were found to decrease by approximately 6·5 % in the supplemented mice.

Additionally, SB lowered plasma C-reactive protein used to test for inflammation in the LFSB group compared to the other three groups.

These results once again supported a promising role for dietary strawberries in reducing the risks associated with obesity and diabetes and regulating the levels of inflammatory markers in non-obese individuals.

Taken altogether, strawberry may be considered a functional fruit for the prevention of chronic inflammatory diseases and an adjunct therapy combined with conventional medicine for the treatment of chronic inflammation.

Natural Medicine for Fatty Liver And Obesity Reversal - The Revolutionary Findings To Achieve Optimal Health And Lose Weight

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Back to Kyle J. Norton Homepage http://kylejnorton.blogspot.ca


Author Biography
Kyle J. Norton (Scholar, Master of Nutrition, All right reserved)
Health article writer and researcher; Over 10.000 articles and research papers have been written and published online, including worldwide health, ezine articles, article base, health blogs, self-growth, best before it's news, the karate GB daily, etc.,.
Named TOP 50 MEDICAL ESSAYS FOR ARTISTS & AUTHORS TO READ by Disilgold.com Named 50 of the best health Tweeters Canada - Huffington Post
Nominated for shorty award over last 4 years
Some articles have been used as references in medical research, such as international journal Pharma and Bioscience, ISSN 0975-6299.
References
(1) Anti-inflammatory and neuroactive properties of selected fruit extracts by Heim KC, Angers P, Léonhart S, Ritz BW. (PubMed)
(2) Dietary strawberry powder reduces blood glucose concentrations in obese and lean C57BL/6 mice, and selectively lowers plasma C-reactive protein in lean mice by Parelman MA, Storms DH, Kirschke CP, Huang L, Zunino SJ.(PubMed)

Honey, The Rich Golden Liquid May Process Anti Prostate Cancer Potency

By Kyle J. Norton

Honey may be a potential natural source for the pharmaceutic target for the finding of anti-prostate cancer single and synthetic medicine, some studies suggested.

Prostate cancer is a low growth and progression medical and chronic disease caused by cell growth disorderly and irregularly in the prostate tissue.

Most cases of primary prostate cancer start in the cells on the surface of the prostate inner lining tissue. Most people with the early stage of prostate cancer may not have any symptoms, however, some may experience the symptom of the enlarged prostate such as pain during urination and urinary difficulty.

Most secondary cancers associated with prostate cancer metastasis are the lymph nodes and the bones.

However, at the advanced stage, the cancerous cells in the prostate can travel a distance away to infect other healthy tissue and organ by way of the lymph system or bloodstream.

Most prostate cancer is diagnosed during the annual physical exam after the enlarged prostate is discovered

Researchers do not the exact cause of prostate cancer. Neither they know why men in the same family with similar diet pattern, some are susceptible to the prostate cells DNA alternation, while some do not.

According to the statistic provided by the Australia government, the mortality rate of prostate cancer decreased from 34 deaths per 100,000 males in 1982 to 31 per 100,000.
In 2011. Around 9 in 10 males diagnosed with prostate cancer survive 5 years from diagnosis. Prostate cancer is the fourth leading cause of mortality among Australian males, causing 3,294 deaths. 

There are many risk factors associated with the development of prostate cancer. However, An unhealthy diet and lifestyle are the preventable risk factors that cause widespread prostate cancer in the Western world.

Dr. Roberto Fabian, the lead scientist at the University of Perugia, in the support that the Western diet is the major cause of prostate cancer, conducted the study "A Western Dietary Pattern Increases Prostate Cancer Risk: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis" by searching the database of PubMed, Web of Science to identify studies reporting the relationship between dietary patterns and PC risk.

After taking the account multivariable-adjusted odds ratios (ORs), wrote, " Twelve observational studies were included in the meta-analysis which identified a “Healthy pattern” and a “Western pattern” and "The Healthy pattern was not related to PC risk (OR = 0.96; 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.88–1.04) while the Western pattern significantly increased it (OR = 1.34; 95% CI: 1.08–1.65)".

These comparable result once again suggested that men who follow the Western diet are associated with the increased risk of prostate cancer

Honey, the rich golden liquid is the miraculous product made by bees using nectar from flowers.

Honey is considered one of healthy sweet food for replacing the use of white sugar and artificial sweetener by many people.
In the finding a natural ingredient for the treatment of prostate cancer without inducing any side effects, researchers at the University of Otago looked into honey, the complex biological substance, consisting mainly of sugars, phenolic compounds, and enzymes.

In prostate cancer cells PC3 and DU145, application honey whole food exerted a strong inhibitory effect through the expression of cytotoxicity.

The sulforhodamine B assay gave valid anti-prostate cancer results, but measures only protein content, providing no information about cell death in the remaining cells. 

The trypan blue assay and a microscope-based propidium iodide/Hoechst staining assay assess only late-stage membrane permeability.

Only the propidium iodide/Hoechst assay provides morphological information about cell death mechanism.

These result suggested that honey processed a potential to induce prostate cancer cell death through certain known and unknown mechanisms besides those found in the sulforhodamine B and propidium iodide/Hoechst assays 

Interestingly, in the examine the possibility of New Zealand thyme, manuka, and honeydew honey, and their major sugar and phenolic components, reducing the development of metastatic cancer.also in PC3 and DU145 prostate cancer cell lines. researchers showed that

Non-toxic concentrations of thyme and honeydew honey reduced prostate cancer cell migration by 20% observed by the Boyden chamber-based migration assay,

All phenolic compounds including gallic acid, quercetin, kaempferol, and chrysin except caffeic acid also lowered migration, although a mixture of only the sugars found in honey had no effect.

All of the honey, phenolics and the sugar-only mixture reduced invasive movement of cells through the extracellular matrix in the cellular division by up to 75%. 

Additional analysis also found that each of the three kinds of honey and the sugar-only mixture reduces cell adhesion to collagen I by 90%, with the exception of quercetin.

However, honey and its sugar and phenolic components can lower the metastatic properties of cancer cells and may do this by preventing effective cell adhesion to the extracellular matrix.

Once again, researchers suggested that the sugars and phenol compounds of honey are much more effective in combination than individually.

In other words, the anticancer activity of honey is attributed to all ingredients in the whole food.

Taken altogether, intake of honey in a moderate amount daily may have a potential effect in the prevention and combined with primary therapy for the treatment of prostate cancer.



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Ovarian Cysts And PCOS Elimination
Holistic System In Existence That Will Show You How To
Permanently Eliminate All Types of Ovarian Cysts Within 2 Months

Back to Kyle J. Norton Homepage http://kylejnorton.blogspot.ca


Author Biography
Kyle J. Norton (Scholar, Master of Nutrition, All right reserved)
Health article writer and researcher; Over 10.000 articles and research papers have been written and published online, including worldwide health, ezine articles, article base, health blogs, self-growth, best before it's news, the karate GB daily, etc.,.
Named TOP 50 MEDICAL ESSAYS FOR ARTISTS & AUTHORS TO READ by Disilgold.com Named 50 of the best health Tweeters Canada - Huffington Post
Nominated for shorty award over last 4 years
Some articles have been used as references in medical research, such as international journal Pharma and Bioscience, ISSN 0975-6299.


Sources
(1) Honey is cytotoxic towards prostate cancer cells but interacts with the MTT reagent: Considerations for the choice of cell viability assay by Abel SDA1, Baird SK. (PubMed)
(2) Honey reduces the metastatic characteristics of prostate cancer cell lines by promoting a loss of adhesion by Abel SDA1, Dadhwal S2, Gamble AB2, Baird SK. (PubMed)
(3) A Western Dietary Pattern Increases Prostate Cancer Risk: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis by Roberto Fabiani,1,* Liliana Minelli,2 Gaia Bertarelli,3 and Silvia Bacci. (PubMed)

Avocado in the Prevention and Treatment of Cardiovascular Disease

By Kyle J. Norton

Avocado may be considered a functional food in the prevention and treatment of cardiovascular disease, some studies suggested.

A cardiovascular disease is a group of conditions triggered by the abnormal function of the heart and blood vessels abnormality.

3 most common forms of cardiovascular disease in North America are coronary artery disease, peripheral artery disease, and carotid artery disease caused by plaques build-up of plaque in the arteries that supply blood to the heart, the arms and legs, and the brain, respectively.

What cause plaques building up in the wall of the arteries are debatable. Researchers do not why people who have the same health conditions, family history, and diet pattern, some are susceptible to the early onset of cardiovascular disease while others do not.

One of the most common and preventable risk factors has been under the intensified debate in the scientist community. If poor diet pattern and lifestyle can facilitate the onset of the disease, then a healthy diet choice and lifestyle with moderate exercise should provide a strong effect in the prevention and treatment of cardiovascular disease. 

In other words, by replacing the Western diet characterized by higher loads of processed meats, salty snacks, sweets, and soft drinks and a dietary risk factor for CVD with the traditional diet characterized by high in fruits and vegetables and less in red meat and processed foods, cardiovascular disease is preventable.

Dr. Sonia S. Anand, the lead scientists in the study "Food Consumption and its impact on Cardiovascular Disease,... said, " Evidence from different countries, age/race/ethnicity/socioeconomic groups suggest the health effects studies of foods, macronutrients, and dietary patterns on CVD appear to be far more consistent though regional knowledge gaps are highlighted".

"Based on the current evidence, the traditional Mediterranean-type diet, including plant foods/emphasizing plant protein sources, provides a well-tested healthy dietary pattern to reduce CVD".

These result strongly suggested people who understand the effects of macronutrients and micronutrients of food in the contribution of cardiovascular disease, should be more likely to change the diet pattern, which not only prevents the disease onset in the borderline healthy individual but also reduces the risk of the disease progression and complications associated with patients with cardiovascular disease.

Avocado is commercially valuable fruit cultivated in tropical climates throughout the world.

The fruit is a green-skinned, pear-shaped fruit that ripens after harvesting and native to the Caribbean, Mexico, South America, and Central America, belonging to the flowering plant family Lauraceae.

The fruit contains campesterol, high amounts of β-sitosterol (average 76.4 mg/100 g); fatty acids (approximately 60% monounsaturated, 20% saturated, and 20% unsaturated); high amounts of glutathione (27.7 mg/100 g); approximately 2% protein; 6–9% carbohydrates and sugars (glucose, fructose, d-mannoheptulose, a taloheptulose, and an alloheptulose); two bitter substances (1-acetoxy-2,4-dihydroxyheptadeca-16-ene and 1,2,4-trihydroxyheptadeca-16-ene); carnitine; proanthocyanidins; persenones A and B..

In the finding, the natural ingredient for the treatment of cardiovascular disease without inducing any side effects researchers at the University of KwaZulu-Natal launched an investigation to examine the cardiovascular effects of Persea americana Mill (Lauraceae) aqueous leaf extract (PAE).

In healthy normal Wistar rats in vitro, application of the leaf extract exerted a significant effect in reducing the levels of high blood pressure.

On guinea pig P americana aqueous leaf extract (25-800 mg/ml) produced concentration-dependent, significant (p < 0.05-0.001), modified the force or speed of contraction of muscles. and heart rate by inhibiting the positive inotropic and chronotropic responses.

Like acetylcholine (ACh, 10(-8)-10(-5) M), the plant extract (25- 800 mg/ml) produced concentration-related relaxations pre-contracted with noradrenaline.

Furthermore, PAE (25-400 mg/kg iv) caused dose-related, transient but significant reductions in the systemic arterial blood pressure and heart rates of the anesthetized normotensive and hypertensive rats.

Dr.Ojewole JA, the lead scientist said, "the findings of this study tend to suggest that P americana leaf could be used as a natural supplementary remedy in essential hypertension and certain cases of cardiac dysfunctions".

Moreover, in the examine the cardio effects of avocado through its monounsaturated fatty acids (MUFA) dietary fiber, essential nutrients and phytochemicals, researchers at the Nutrition Impact launched a study to investigate the relationships between avocado consumption and overall diet quality, energy and nutrient intakes, physiological indicators of health, and risk of metabolic syndrome.

Diet quality was calculated using the USDA's Healthy Eating Index-2005. Subjects included 17,567 US adults ≥ 19 years of age (49% female), including 347 avocado consumers (50% female), examined in NHANES 2001-2008. 

Avocado consumers had significantly higher intakes of vegetables (p<0.05); fruit, diet quality, total fat, monounsaturated and polyunsaturated fats, dietary fiber, vitamins E, K, magnesium, and potassium (p<0.0001); vitamin K (p=0.0013); and lower intakes of added sugars with no significant differences were seen in calorie or sodium intakes.

Body weight, BMI, and waist circumference were significantly lower (p<0.01), and HDL-C was higher (p<0.01) in avocado consumers.

The odds ratio for metabolic syndrome was 50% (95th CI: 0.32-0.72) lower in avocado consumers vs. non-consumers.

These findings suggested avocado consumption is associated with improved overall diet quality, nutrient intake, and reduced the risk of metabolic syndrome,  the leading cause of cardiovascular disease.

Dr. Fulgoni VL 3rd, the lead author, after taking into account of co and confounders wrote, "Dietitians should be aware of the beneficial associations between avocado intake, diet, and health when making dietary recommendations".

Taken altogether, avocado processed a high amount of monounsaturated and polyunsaturated fats, dietary fiber may be considered a functional fruit for the prevention and an adjunct therapy for the treatment of cardiovascular disease.

Natural Medicine for Fatty Liver And Obesity Reversal - The Revolutionary Findings To Achieve Optimal Health And Lose Weight

How To Get Rid Of Eye Floaters
Contrary To Professionals Prediction, Floaters Can Be Cured Naturally

Ovarian Cysts And PCOS Elimination
Holistic System In Existence That Will Show You How To
Permanently Eliminate All Types of Ovarian Cysts Within 2 Months

Back to Kyle J. Norton Homepage http://kylejnorton.blogspot.ca


Author Biography
Kyle J. Norton (Scholar, Master of Nutrition, All right reserved)
Health article writer and researcher; Over 10.000 articles and research papers have been written and published online, including worldwide health, ezine articles, article base, health blogs, self-growth, best before it's news, the karate GB daily, etc.,.
Named TOP 50 MEDICAL ESSAYS FOR ARTISTS & AUTHORS TO READ by Disilgold.com Named 50 of the best health Tweeters Canada - Huffington Post
Nominated for shorty award over last 4 years
Some articles have been used as references in medical research, such as international journal Pharma and Bioscience, ISSN 0975-6299.

References
(1) Cardiovascular effects of Persea americana Mill (Lauraceae) (avocado) aqueous leaf extract in experimental animals by Ojewole JA1, Kamadyaapa DR, Gondwe MM, Moodley K, Musabayane CT.(PubMed)
(2) Avocado consumption is associated with better diet quality and nutrient intake, and lower metabolic syndrome risk in US adults: results from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) 2001-2008 by Fulgoni VL 3rd1, Dreher M, Davenport AJ. (PubMed)

(3) Food Consumption and its impact on Cardiovascular Disease: Importance of Solutions focused on the globalized food system. A Report from the Workshop convened by the World Heart Federation by

Sonia S. Anand,1,2,* Corinna Hawkes,3,* Russell J. de Souza,4 Andrew Mente,2Mahshid Dehghan,2 Rachel Nugent,5 Michael A. Zulyniak,1 Tony Weis,6 Adam M. Bernstein,7Ronald Krauss,8 Daan Kromhout,9 David J.A. Jenkins,10,11 Vasanti Malik,12Miguel A. Martinez-Gonzalez,13 Dariush Mozafarrian,14 Salim Yusuf,2 Walter C. Willett,12 andBarry M Popkin. (PMC)

Ginger, The Pungent Spice Which Processes Anti Colon Cancer Potential

By Kyle J. Norton

Ginger may process certain bioactive compounds with a function to protect our body against the onset of colon cancer, some scientists found.

Colon cancer is a medical condition characterized by cell growth irregularly due to the alternation of DNA.

Most cases of primary colon cancer start in the cell on the surface of the inner lining of the colon. At this stage, most patients do not experience any symptoms and discomforts.

However, at the advanced stage, the cancerous cells in the colon not only can travel a distance far away to infect others healthy tissue and organ but also cause localized severe pain and symptoms as the proliferation of cancer have suppressed the nearby nerve cells and tissue.

Researchers do not know the exact causes of the disease. But they do know a history of polyps, ethnicity, high-fat diet and low fiber, the increase in age, the long-term infection of colon diseases are some of the prevalent risk factors associated with the onset and progression of colon cancer, according to epidemiological studies.

Out of that group of risk factors, the increase in age has been under intensified studies by many scientists.

According to the statistic, colorectal cancer is the third common cancer in the US. The median age at diagnosis for colon cancer is 68 in men and 72 in women.

Early diagnosis of colon cancer can increase the 5 years of survival rate. Truly, in the 39% of colon cancer diagnosed at the localized-stage disease, the five and ten years survival rate are 90%.

Dr. Elmer E. van Eeghen, the lead scientist in the cancer program at the Zaans Medisch Centrum, in the concerns of the increase in the age that impact on the development of colon cancer launched an investigation on the influence of age and comorbidity on survival and cause of death in a non-selected population.

In the study "Impact of age and comorbidity on survival in colorectal cancer" wrote, "Patients with colorectal cancer are often excluded from clinical trials based on age or a poor performance score" and " In colon cancer patient age and comorbidity predict survival. This represents possible bias or a reduced survival benefit of treatment, and is an indication that colon cancer is not the prognosis defining illness in the majority of patients".

These results furtherly confirm the prognosis of colon cancer in the aging population. However, most aging population do not develop colon cancer.


Ginger (Zingiber officinale) or ginger root, the second superfood used for thousands of years by mankind, is the genus Zingiber, belonging to the family Zingiberaceae, native to Tamil.

The pungent kitchen spice has been used in traditional and Chinese medicine to treat dyspepsia, gastroparesis, constipation, edema, difficult urination, colic, etc.

With an aim to find a natural ingredient without side effects for the treatment of colon cancer, researchers at the Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, launch an investigation to examine the anti-tumor and anti-inflammation properties of the crude ginger extract against many types of cancer, including colorectal cancer.

The cells used in the experiment were divided into 4 groups: the first group represents HT29 cells without treatment, the second and third groups were cells treated singly with either ginger or Gelam honey, respectively, and the last group represents cells treated with ginger and Gelam honey combined.

During the experiment, researchers showed that

* Ginger displays a significant effect in the inhibition of colon cancer cells by blocking the communication of a signal from a receptor on the surface of the cell to the DNA in the nucleus of the cell and regulating the cell cycle division.

* Ginger the concentration of the IC50 of 5.2 mg/m simulated the early apoptosis by enhancing the function proteins associated with execution of cancer cells and

* Decreasing the expression of proteins associated with cancer cells spreading.
 

Further differentiation of the anti-proliferative effects of ginger efficacy in enhancing the anti-cancer effects of 5-FU (5-fluorouracil) against a colorectal cancer cell line, HCT 116. researchers showed that ginger (IC50 of 3mg/mL) is more potent than the Gelam honey (IC50 of 75 mg/mL) in inhibiting the growth of HCT 116 cells.

These results once against suggested ginger extract could potentially enhance the chemotherapeutic effect of 5-FU against colorectal cancer.

Additionally ginger in the study of cells divided into 4 groups: the first group represents HT29 cells without treatment, the second and third groups were cells treated singly with either ginger or Gelam honey, respectively, and the last group represents cells treated with ginger and Gelam honey combined researcher found that

Taken altogether, the ginger extract used alone or combined with honey might process significant and profound effects in reducing the risk of colon cancer and combined with primary therapy for the treatment of colon cancer.

Natural Medicine for Fatty Liver And Obesity Reversal - The Revolutionary Findings To Achieve Optimal Health And Lose Weight

How To Get Rid Of Eye Floaters
Contrary To Professionals Prediction, Floaters Can Be Cured Naturally

Ovarian Cysts And PCOS Elimination
Holistic System In Existence That Will Show You How To
Permanently Eliminate All Types of Ovarian Cysts Within 2 Months

Back to Kyle J. Norton Homepage http://kylejnorton.blogspot.ca


Author Biography
Kyle J. Norton (Scholar, Master of Nutrition, All right reserved)
Health article writer and researcher; Over 10.000 articles and research papers have been written and published online, including worldwide health, ezine articles, article base, health blogs, self-growth, best before it's news, the karate GB daily, etc.,.
Named TOP 50 MEDICAL ESSAYS FOR ARTISTS & AUTHORS TO READ by Disilgold.com Named 50 of the best health Tweeters Canada - Huffington Post
Nominated for shorty award over last 4 years
Some articles have been used as references in medical research, such as international journal Pharma and Bioscience, ISSN 0975-6299.

Sources
(1) Combined ginger extract & Gelam honey modulate Ras/ERK and PI3K/AKT pathway genes in colon cancer HT29 cells by Tahir AA1, Sani NF2, Murad NA3, Makpol S4, Ngah WZ5, Yusof YA. (PubMed)
(2) Gelam honey and ginger potentiate the anti cancer effect of 5-FU against HCT 116 colorectal cancer cells by Hakim L1, Alias E, Makpol S, Ngah WZ, Morad NA, Yusof YA. (PubMed)
(3) Impact of age and comorbidity on survival in colorectal cancer by Elmer E. van Eeghen, Sandra D. Bakker, Aart van Bochove, and Ruud J. L. F. Loffeld. (PMC)

Green Tea Epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG), The Bioactive Compound Which Kills Esophageal Cancer Cells Before They Can Spread

By Kyle J. Norton, (Master of Nutrition All right reserved)


Green tea may have a therapeutic and positive effect in reducing risk and treatment of esophageal cancer, some scientists suggested.

Esophageal cancer is a medical condition characterized by irregular cell growth in the tissues of the esophagus. At the later stage, the cancerous cells may travel a distance away to invade other healthy tissues and organs.

According to statistic, in 1028 over 17,000 adults in the United States will be diagnosed with esophageal cancer.

The disease accounts for 1% of all cancers diagnosed in the United States.

The means of the 5-year survival rate of esophageal cancer is 19%. It is very low compared to other types of cancer. Sadly, early diagnosed with 5 years survival rate of esophageal cancer is only 43%.

The exact causes of esophageal cancer are still unknown.

Researchers as of today, do not know why people with the same health condition and family history, some are susceptible to the early onset of the disease while others do not.

However, researchers do know that smoking, age, family history, unhealthy diet and occupation that requires frequent contact with irritants are associated to increase the risk of esophageal cancer.

Other researchers suggested that certain medical condition such as obesity, GERD, achalasia and genetic mutation inherited from the parents are also the prevalent risk factors in the onset of the disease.

If you are experiencing symptoms of difficult or painful swallowing, a persistent sensation of having food lodged in the chest, and pain in the throat or back, behind the breastbone or between the shoulder blades, unintentional weight loss, coughing up blood, and heartburn that cannot go away, you may have esophageal cancer,  please check with your doctor to rule out the possibility.

Green tea a precious drink processes numbers of health benefit known to almost everyone in Asia and the Western world.

In esophageal cancer cell lines Eca109 and Ec9706, injection of green tea EGCG plus chemo drug adriamycin (ADM) after 24 hours displayed a significantly increased cellular apoptosis.

According to flow cytometry assay, the combined application induced the elevation of ROS and ADM concentration in the production of cytotoxicity to the tumor cells by reducing the expression of mitochondrial membrane potential and ABCG2 protein that protect cancer cells apoptosis. without harming healthy cells.

ABCG2 protein expression plays a major role in multi-drug resistance, produced by tumor cells to accounter reaction to chemo-medicine.

Mitochondrial membrane potential is a central intermediate in oxidative energy metabolism, the deceased levels caused by toxicity ROS may result in energy deletion and subsequently, causing cells death.

Further observation also indicated that EGCG inhibited the growth of Eca109 and Ec9706 cells through ameliorating anti-apoptotic bcl-2 protein expression and promoted Bax and caspase-3 protein expressions with functions of promoting apoptosis in a dose- and time-dependent manner.

BCL2 family members form hetero- or homodimers and play an important anti-apoptotic protein.

Caspase-3 prote plays a central role in the execution-phase of cell apoptosis.

BAX gene. BAX is a member of the Bcl-2 gene family. plays an important role in the mediation of cell death by apoptosis.

Compared to ADM treatment alone, the Eca109/ABCG2 multi-drug resistance cancer cells, the rate of apoptosis and ADM concentration were significantly higher and levels of mitochondrial membrane potential and ABCG2 expression were lower.

In other words, injection of green tea plus ADM was more effective in inducing cells death in Eca109/ABCG2 multi-drug resistance cancer cells through expression ROS and ADM in enhancing elevation of cytotoxic activity compared to ADM treatment alone.

After taking into account others co and confounders, Dr, Liu L the lead author said, " EGCG inhibited cell growth and induced esophageal cancer cell apoptosis. It reduced the bcl-2 protein expression and increased the bax and caspase-3 protein expression. EGCG reversed multi-drug resistance by reducing ABCG2 expression and increasing the anticancer drug concentration in cancer cells".

In esophageal squamous cell carcinoma, application of Epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG) without ADM measured by flow cytometry assay, after 24 hours also inhibited cancer site proliferation by increasing the expression of ROS to attenuate mitochondrial membrane potential function in energy metabolism and increase caspase-3 protein function in the induction of malignant cellular apoptosis, in a dose-and time-dependent manner.

Furthermore, in the examine the PCR-TRAP argentation analysis during the experiment, EGCG also inhibited the viability of Eca109 and Ec9706 cells by suppressing cancer cell in alternating DNA transcript through telomerase activity.

More interestingly, the continuation of the study of epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG) on the human esophageal cancer cell line ECa109 also discovered, EGCG decreased cancer cell viability and increased cancer apoptosis through expression of p16 gene demethylation in cancer cell cycle arrest.

P16 gene demethylation plays an important role in cell cycle arrest and apoptosis. gene alternation was found in several types of cancer.

Low level of p16 mRNA expression is associated to the progression of cancer with malignant and aggressive behavior.

Abnormalities of p16 gene and loss of p16 protein expression may be related to the pathogenesis and development of some cancers.


Taken together, green tea with an abundance of phytochemical Epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG) may be considered an adjunct therapy or in combination with standard chemo-medicine for treatment of esophageal cancer.



Natural Medicine for Fatty Liver And Obesity Reversal - The Revolutionary Findings To Achieve Optimal Health And Lose Weight

How To Get Rid Of Eye Floaters
Contrary To Professionals Prediction, Floaters Can Be Cured Naturally

Ovarian Cysts And PCOS Elimination
Holistic System In Existence That Will Show You How To
Permanently Eliminate All Types of Ovarian Cysts Within 2 Months

Back to Kyle J. Norton Homepage http://kylejnorton.blogspot.ca


Author Biography
Kyle J. Norton (Scholar, Master of Nutrition, All right reserved)
Health article writer and researcher; Over 10.000 articles and research papers have been written and published online, including worldwide health, ezine articles, article base, health blogs, self-growth, best before it's news, the karate GB daily, etc.,.
Named TOP 50 MEDICAL ESSAYS FOR ARTISTS & AUTHORS TO READ by Disilgold.com Named 50 of the best health Tweeters Canada - Huffington Post
Nominated for shorty award over last 4 years
Some articles have been used as references in medical research, such as international journal Pharma and Bioscience, ISSN 0975-6299.

Sources
(1) Epigallocatechin-3-gallate promotes apoptosis and reversal of multidrug resistance in esophageal cancer cells by Liu L1, Ju Y2, Wang J3, Zhou R3. (PubMed)
(2) Epigallocatechin-3-gallate suppresses cell proliferation and promotes apoptosis in Ec9706 and Eca109 esophageal carcinoma cells by Liu L1, Zuo J1, Wang G1. (PubMed)
(3) Epigallocatechin-3-gallate inhibits growth and induces apoptosis in esophageal cancer cells through the demethylation and reactivation of the p16 gene by Meng J1, Tong Q2, Liu X2, Yu Z3, Zhang J3, Gao B3. (PubMed)

Dried Peas, the Potent Weight Loss Functional Food, Studies Discovered

By Kyle J. Norton

Dried pea may have a profound effect in the promotion of healthy weight loss naturally without inducing any side effects, some studies found.

Obesity is a medical condition caused by excessive body fat accumulation over time, while overweight is a condition of excess body weight relative to the height.

According to the Body Mass Index(BMI), a BMI between 25 to 29.9 is considered overweight, while a BMI of over 30 is an indication of obesity.

A healthy weight loss is important to adults in the Americans. According to the statistic, 68% of the American population is either overweight or obese. Researchers found that overweight and obesity are 2 of the most prevalent risk factors that cause substantially the early onset of numbers of chronic health conditions.

The Tufts University School of Medicine, in the examination of a total of 16884 adults, 25 years and older, classified as overweight and obese (body mass index [BMI] > or =25 kg/m2) based on National Institutes of Health recommended guidelines using the data from the Third National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES III), which was conducted in 2 phases from 1988 to 1994, found that diseases associated with overweight and obesity in the US are type 2 diabetes mellitus, gallbladder disease, coronary heart disease, high blood cholesterol level, high blood pressure, or osteoarthritis.

Dr. Must A, the lead author said, "more than half of all US adults are considered overweight or obese. The prevalence of obesity-related comorbidities emphasizes the need for concerted efforts to prevent and treat obesity rather than just its associated comorbidities".

The complications caused by unmanaged overweight and obesity also elevated the financial burden in the health care system. 

According to the study by the University of Florida, "The elderly men who were overweight or obese at age 65 had 6–13 percent more lifetime health care expenditures than the same age cohort within normal weight range at age 65" and

"Elderly women who were overweight or obese at age 65 spent 11–17 percent more than those in a normal weight range. Both elderly men and women who were overweight or obese at age 65 had worse health outcomes than the normal weight cohorts".

Therefore, actively engaged weight loss may be the only solution to maintain good health that not only reduces the risks of chronic diseases individually but also releases the pressure from the health care system, particularly in the elderly.

Dried pea is a small but nutritionally mighty member of the legume family, the genus Pisum belonging to the family Fabaceae.

The tiny bean processes healthy sources of protein, fibers, vitamins, and minerals that are good for everyone diet.

In the concerns of the prevalence of obesity has reached epidemic proportions, making finding effective solutions to reduce obesity a public health priority, the Department of Foods and Nutrition conducted an experiment on the effects of nonoilseed pulses (dry beans, peas, chickpeas, and lentils) through searching the database of some medical literature.

Application of pulse was found to benefit weight control, including slowly digestible carbohydrates, high fiber and protein contents, and moderate energy density.

Observational studies consistently showed an inverse relationship between pulse consumption and BMI or risk for obesity, but many do not control for potentially confounding dietary and other lifestyle factors.

In a short-term study, pulse consumption increases satiety over 2-4 h, suggesting that at least part of the effect of pulses on satiety is mediated by available carbohydrate amount or composition.

Randomized controlled trials generally supported a beneficial effect of pulses on weight loss when pulse consumption is coupled with energy restriction, but not without energy restriction.

Additionally, the inclusion of peas (Pisum sativum L.) as the source of protein in the diet of growing rats brought about a reduction in growth rate as well as the impairment in the liver, muscle and spleen weights, compared with casein-fed controls. 

Application of dried peas produced a fall in plasma glucose, triglycerides, and protein, observed in the legume fed animals, with no changes in cholesterol levels.

The rats fed on the diet containing peas showed lower levels of plasma insulin, corticosterone, insulin-like growth factor IGF-I and thyroid (T)4 in mediating restraint-induced weight gain, compared to the casein controls.

Liver and muscle total protein (mg) and total DNA (mg) were markedly decreased in the legume fed animals, an indication of weight loss.

Further analysis of the liver and muscle fractional synthesis rates researchers discovered that the whole body protein synthesis is lower in the legume fed animals due to differences in body weights compared to the casein controls.

In the comparison with other legume group, animals fed on a diet containing peas (Pisum sativum L.) as the only source of protein showed less adverse effects than those found with other legumes probably due to protein quality, antinutritional factors, and nutrient availability.

Taken altogether, dried Peas may be considered a functional food for the promotion of weight loss without inducing any side effects

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Back to Kyle J. Norton Homepage http://kylejnorton.blogspot.ca


Author Biography
Kyle J. Norton (Scholar, Master of Nutrition, All right reserved)
Health article writer and researcher; Over 10.000 articles and research papers have been written and published online, including worldwide health, ezine articles, article base, health blogs, self-growth, best before it's news, the karate GB daily, etc.,.
Named TOP 50 MEDICAL ESSAYS FOR ARTISTS & AUTHORS TO READ by Disilgold.com Named 50 of the best health Tweeters Canada - Huffington Post
Nominated for shorty award over last 4 years
Some articles have been used as references in medical research, such as international journal Pharma and Bioscience, ISSN 0975-6299.

References
(1) Pulse consumption, satiety, and weight management by McCrory MA, Hamaker BR, Lovejoy JC, Eichelsdoerfer PE. (PubMed)
(2) Growth, hormonal status and protein turnover in rats fed on a diet containing peas (Pisum sativum L.) as the source of protein by Martinez JA, Marcos R, Macarulla MT, Larralde J.(PubMed)
(3) The disease burden associated with overweight and obesity by Must A1, Spadano J, Coakley EH, Field AE, Colditz G, Dietz WH. (PubMed)
(4) The Financial Burden of Overweight and Obesity among Elderly Americans: The Dynamics of Weight, Longevity, and Health Care Cost by Zhou Yang and Allyson G Hall. (PMC)

Herbal Cascara sagrada Kills Pancreatic Cancer Cells in Vivo and Vitro

By Kyle J. Norton

Herbal Cascara sagrada may process a major bioactive compound targeted by the pharmaceutical companies for the development of a conventional medicine in the treatment of pancreatic cancer, some scientists suggested.

Primary pancreatic cancer is cancer that originates in the pancreas as the result of the alternation of DNA of the cell.

Most cases of pancreas cancer start in the cell on the surface of the inner lining tissue. However, as the cancer progress, the malignant cells of the pancreas, although unusual may travel a far distance away to infect other healthy tissue and organs.

The pancreas cancer was found to be the site of metastasis from renal cell cancer, lung, colon and breast cancers.

Scientists do not know the exact causes of pancreatic cancers, but they do know several risk factors that can make a person more likely to get the disease, including the genetic and acquired genetic mutation of p16 and TP53 and KRAS, BRAF, and DPC4 (SMAD4).

Other prevalent risk factors, including long-term use of tobacco, exposure to certain chemicals, overweight, and obesity, and unpreventable risk factors of family history, gender, the increase of age and ethnicity are associated with the early onset of pancreatic cancer.

However, most people with some of the above risk factors do not get the disease.

Researchers at the John Hoskins medical center suggested an unhealthy diet high in meats, cholesterol, fried foods, and nitrosamines may increase risk, while diets high in fruits and vegetable reduce the risk of pancreatic cancer.

In the change of lifestyle in the reduced risk of pancreatic cancer, the research team in the cancer program at the Ústav preventivního lékařství, after analyzing the total of 529 subjects, including 309 cases and 220 control subjects newly diagnosed patients with pancreatic cancer who lived in the region selected in hospitals in three centers (University Hospital Olomouc, University Hospital Ostrava, Hospital Ceske Budejovice) said, "Physical activity, dietary measures that will lead to weight loss and education to non-smoking can have a significant impact on the primary prevention of cancer."

These results suggested that if you follow a healthy diet and lifestyle with moderate exercise, your risk of pancreatic cancer is substantially lower compared to others.

Cascara sagrada is a species of buckthorn, genus Rhamnus, belonging to the family Rhamnaceae, native to western North America,

The herbal bark has been used in traditional medicine for gastrointestinal support. and it is thought to have a laxative and natural cleansing, etc., effect.

Besides the main compound of anthraquinones, other compounds of Cascara sagrada include anthraquinone glycosides, (emodin, frangulin, iso-emodin, aloe-emodin, and chrysophanol), rhein, aloin, malic acid, tannic acid, cascarosides A, B, C, and D, and hydroxy anthracene derivatives (HAD), etc.

In the reassessment of the effects of Emodin in inducing the apoptosis of pancreatic cancer cells and inhibiting the tumor growth, researchers at the Zhejiang University School of Medicine conducted an investigation to examine pathways activated by Emodin during the anti-pancreatic cancer process.

In vivo and vitro, application of Emodin up-regulated the function of cancers cell death programmer and down-regulated the expression of proteins which are responsible for the production of the new blood vessels to provide energy to the pancreatic cancer tumor.

Emodins also reduced the expression of eNOS phosphorylation in regulating the vascular angiogenesis which was promoted by the tumor observed by both immunohistochemistry and western blot analysis.

However, Emodin had no direct effect on VEGFR expression in vascular angiogenesis, in vivo

These results suggested that Emodin may be a potential anti-tumor effect on pancreatic cancer via apoptosis and suppression of angiogenesis.

Additionally, in the study to explore the role of XIAP and NF-κB in potentiating the antitumor effect of gemcitabine by Emodin in pancreatic cancer, researchers found that
* In Human pancreatic cancer cells SW1990, Emodin or their combination (gemcitabine plus emodin) induces cellular proliferation and apoptosis.

* The combination therapy is more significantly inhibited SW1990 cell growth and induced a higher percentage of apoptosis, compared to those of Emodin treatment.

* Emodin or emodin plus gemcitabine downregulated the expression of XIAP and NF-κB similar to above study, compared to the control group in vitro

* The combination of emodin and gemcitabine showed the more significant reduction in the T/NT ratio, an indication of the risk of cancer onset, SUV, an indication on the response to cancer treatment and tumor weight compared to monotherapy.

* Emodin enhanced tumor apoptosis induced by gemcitabine in vivo.

These results suggested that Emodin enhances the antitumor effect of gemcitabine in SW1990 pancreatic cancer in vitro and in vivo by downregulation of NF-κB expression, thus inhibiting the expression of XIAP.

Where X-linked inhibitor of apoptosis protein (XIAP) plays a key role in survival and also promotes invasiveness.in cancer cells.

Taken altogether, herbal Cascara sagrada processed high levels of bioactive compound Emodin may be considered a functional herb for the prevention of pancreatic cancer and an adjunct therapy combined with primary medicine for treatment of pancreatic cancer.

Further data collection large example size and multi-centers studies performed with human consumption of the whole food or its bioactive compounds during the course of the disease will be necessary to complete the picture of herbal Cascara sagrada anti-pancreatic cancer possibilities.

Natural Medicine for Fatty Liver And Obesity Reversal - The Revolutionary Findings To Achieve Optimal Health And Lose Weight

How To Get Rid Of Eye Floaters 
Contrary To Professionals Prediction, Floaters Can Be Cured Naturally 

Ovarian Cysts And PCOS Elimination
Holistic System In Existence That Will Show You How To
Permanently Eliminate All Types of Ovarian Cysts Within 2 Months

Back to Kyle J. Norton Homepage http://kylejnorton.blogspot.ca


Author Biography
Kyle J. Norton (Scholar, Master of Nutrition, All right reserved)
Health article writer and researcher; Over 10.000 articles and research papers have been written and published online, including worldwide health, ezine articles, article base, health blogs, self-growth, best before it's news, the karate GB daily, etc.,.
Named TOP 50 MEDICAL ESSAYS FOR ARTISTS & AUTHORS TO READ by Disilgold.com Named 50 of the best health Tweeters Canada - Huffington Post
Nominated for shorty award over last 4 years
Some articles have been used as references in medical research, such as international journal Pharma and Bioscience, ISSN 0975-6299.

References
(1) Antitumor activity of emodin against pancreatic cancer depends on its dual role: promotion of apoptosis and suppression of angiogenesis by Lin SZ, Wei WT, Chen H, Chen KJ, Tong HF, Wang ZH, Ni ZL, Liu HB, Guo HC, Liu DL. (PubMed)
(2). Enhanced antitumor efficacy by the combination of emodin and gemcitabine against human pancreatic cancer cells via downregulation of the expression of XIAP in vitro and in vivo by Wang ZH, Chen H, Guo HC, Tong HF, Liu JX, Wei WT, Tan W, Ni ZL, Liu HB, Lin SZ.(PubMed)(3). [Pancreatic cancer and lifestyle factors].[Article in Czech] by Azeem K1, Sevčíková J, Tomášková H, Horáková D, Procházka V, Martínek A, Shonová O, Janout V, Kollárová H. (PubMed)