Kyle J. Norton (Scholar)
Health article writer and researcher; Over 10.000 articles and research papers have been written and published on line, including world wide health, ezine articles, article base, healthblogs, selfgrowth, best before it's news, the karate GB daily, etc.,.
Named TOP 50 MEDICAL ESSAYS FOR ARTISTS & AUTHORS TO READ by Disilgold.com Named 50 of the best health Tweeters Canada - Huffington Post
Nominated for shorty award over last 4 years
Some articles have been used as references in medical research, such as international journal Pharma and Bio science, ISSN 0975-6299.
Musculoskeletal disorders (MSDs) are medical condition mostly caused by work related occupations and working environment, affecting patients’ muscles, joints, tendons, ligaments and nerves and developing over time. A community sample of 73 females and 32 males aged 85 and over underwent a standardised examination at home. Musculoskeletal pain was reported by 57% of those interviewed. A major restriction of joint movement range was frequent in the shoulder but uncommon in other joints(1).
Osteoarthritis
Osteoarthritis (OA), a form of arthritis, is defined as a condition of as a result of aging causes of wear and tear on a joint, affecting over 25 million people in the United States in alone. University of Porto Medical School indicated that one must understand the differences in prevalence and incidence estimates of osteoarthritis (OA), according to case definition, in knee, hip and hand joints(3).
The characteristics of osteoarthritis are aching pain(5), stiffness(6), or difficulty of moving the joint or joints(7). The pain usually gets worse in change of weather, at night and in the advanced diseases, the pain can occur even at rest(8). Today management of osteoarthritis (OA) focuses on pain relief and improved physical function through pharmacological, non pharmacological, and surgical treatments(4).
The prevention: The Do and do not’s list
1. Prevention recurrent injure to damage menisci
The meniscus is an important tissue because if its function in shock absorption and load distribution in the healthy knee joint(111). A meniscal tear can lead to knee osteoarthritis (OA), but knee OA can also lead to a spontaneous breakdown of meniscal tear and damage to meniscal structure(112). Meniscus damage or recurrent injure might be considered as a signifying feature of incipient OA in middle-aged and elderly people(113).
2. Take precaution if your occupation is at increased risk of osteoarthritis
Osteoarthritis (OA) is one of the most important diseases as it frequently affects the active age group of the population contributed to loss of working hours and of disability(114)(115)(117). Compressive, torsional, pulling and angular movements common in certain occupations or sports may result in injuries of soft tissue, thus increasing the development of OA(116).
3. Muscle strengthening and aerobic exercises
Enhanced muscle strengthening with neuromuscular electrical stimulation(118), aerobic exercises(119) and exercice(220) are effective in reducing pain and improving physical function in patients with mild to moderate OA of the knee(220).
4. Maintain a healthy weight(117)
Increased BMI and obesity are associated with more severe cartilage degeneration(121)(123) as assessed by both morphological and quantitative MRI measurements(122).
5. Avoid dehydration
Dehydration has shown to reduce the mobility of collagen amino acid residues and carbon sugar ring structures in glycosaminoglycans, according to University of Michigan(124) of that may effect the functions of cartilage and induce the risk of OA(125), but dehydration effects are reversible, through the restoration of molecular structure and mobility(124).
6. Avoid intake of inflammatory foods
Loading up on junk foods and fast foods contains high amount of trans fat of that increases the risk of inflammation(126) exhibit pro inflammatory effects(127) causes of osteoarthritis (OA)(128). Red meat, eggs, and wheat products all contain high amount of arachidonic acid, too much arachidonic acid may be worsen the inflammation process(129), etc.
7. Eat your fruits and vegetables
Fruits and vegetables containning high amount of nutrients and antioxidant(130), can enhance immune defense system(131)within the joint through direct infleuences of transferrin performance for reduction of inflammation(131)(132) as well as suppressing free radicals and the chain of free radicals reaction cause of elevating the swelling and promoting degeneration(133)(134).
8. Replace regular beverage with green tea
Epigallocatechin-3-gallate, a green tea polyphenol(135)(136), was found to be effective in reducing inflammatory cytokines induced inflammatory diseases(137)(138).
9. Etc.
Arthritis Is Curable
You Can Eliminate Osteoarthritis
By addressing the Underlying Causes through Clinical Trials and Studies
Ovarian Cysts And PCOS Elimination
Holistic System In Existence That Will Show You How To
Permanently Eliminate All Types of Ovarian Cysts Within 2 Months
Back to General health http://kylejnorton.blogspot.ca/
Back to Kyle J. Norton Home page http://kylejnorton.blogspot.ca p/general-health.html
References
(111) The meniscus in knee osteoarthritis by Englund M1, Guermazi A, Lohmander LS.(PubMed)
(112) The role of the meniscus in knee osteoarthritis: a cause or consequence? by Englund M1, Guermazi A, Lohmander SL.(PubMed)
(113) Meniscus pathology, osteoarthritis and the treatment controversy by Englund M1, Roemer FW, Hayashi D, Crema MD, Guermazi A.(PubMed)
(114) Productivity loss due to presenteeism among patients with arthritis: estimates from 4 instruments by Zhang W1, Gignac MA, Beaton D, Tang K, Anis AH; Canadian Arthritis Network Work Productivity Group(PubMed)
(115) Occupational lifting is associated with hip osteoarthritis: a Japanese case-control study. by Yoshimura N1, Sasaki S, Iwasaki K, Danjoh S, Kinoshita H, Yasuda T, Tamaki T, Hashimoto T, Kellingray S, Croft P, Coggon D, Cooper C.(PubMed)(116) Occupation and osteoarthritis by Genti G.(PubMed)
(117) Risk factors for knee osteoarthritis in Japanese women: heavy weight, previous joint injuries, and occupational activities by Yoshimura N1, Nishioka S, Kinoshita H, Hori N, Nishioka T, Ryujin M, Mantani Y, Miyake M, Coggon D, Cooper C.(PubMed)
(118) Neuromuscular electrical stimulation for muscle strengthening in elderly with knee osteoarthritis - a systematic review by de Oliveira Melo M1, Aragão FA, Vaz MA.(PubMed)
(119) Effectiveness of exercise for osteoarthritis of the knee: A review of the literature. by Iwamoto J1, Sato Y, Takeda T, Matsumoto H.(PubMed)
(120) Effectiveness of exercise for osteoarthritis of the knee: A review of the literature by Iwamoto J1, Sato Y, Takeda T, Matsumoto H.(PubMed)
(121) Articular Cartilage Degeneration: Etiologic Association With Obesity by Deryk G. Jones, MD(PubMed)
(122) Correlation of magnetic resonance imaging-based knee cartilage T2 measurements and focal knee lesions with body mass index: thirty-six-month followup data from a longitudinal, observational multicenter study by Baum T1, Joseph GB, Nardo L, Virayavanich W, Arulanandan A, Alizai H, Carballido-Gamio J, Nevitt MC, Lynch J, McCulloch CE, Link TM.(PubMed)
(123) The evolving role of obesity in knee osteoarthritis by MaryFran R. Sowers and Carrie A. Karvonen-Gutierrez(PMC)
(124) Solid-state NMR spectroscopy provides atomic-level insights into the dehydration of cartilage by Xu J1, Zhu P, Morris MD, Ramamoorthy A.(PubMed)
(125) Geriatric Rehabilitation Manual By Timothy L. Kauffman
(126) Dietary intake of trans fatty acids and systemic inflammation in women by Mozaffarian D1, Pischon T, Hankinson SE, Rifai N, Joshipura K, Willett WC, Rimm EB.(PubMed)
(127) Health effects of trans-fatty acids: experimental and observational evidence by Mozaffarian D1, Aro A, Willett WC.(PubMed)
(128) Metabolic triggered inflammation in osteoarthritis by Wang X1, Hunter D2, Xu J3, Ding C4.(PubMed)
(129) Arachidonic acid metabolism: role in inflammation by Samuelsson B1.(PubMed)
(130) Antagonizing arachidonic acid-derived eicosanoids reduces inflammatory Th17 and Th1 cell-mediatedinflammation and colitis severity. by Monk JM1, Turk HF1, Fan YY1, Callaway E1, Weeks B2, Yang P3, McMurray DN4, Chapkin RS5.(PubMed)
(130) Effect of fruit and vegetable antioxidants on total antioxidant capacity of blood plasma by Harasym J1, Oledzki R2.(PubMed)
(131) Dietary antioxidants: immunity and host defense by Puertollano MA1, Puertollano E, de Cienfuegos GÁ, de Pablo MA.(PubMed)
(132) Cellular immunity in osteoarthritis: novel concepts for an old disease by Liossis SN1, Tsokos GC.(PubMed)
(133) Free Radicals, Antioxidants in Disease and Health by Lien Ai Pham-Huy,1 Hua He,2 and Chuong Pham-Huy3(PMC)
(134) Studies on free radicals, antioxidants, and co-factors by Khalid Rahman(PMC)
(135) New insights into the mechanisms of polyphenols beyond antioxidant properties; lessons from the green tea polyphenol, epigallocatechin 3-gallate by Hae-Suk Kim,a Michael J. Quon,c and Jeong-a Kima,b(PMC)
(136) Green tea catechin, epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG): mechanisms, perspectives and clinical applications by Singh BN1, Shankar S, Srivastava RK.(PubMed)
(137) Dietary polyphenols and mechanisms of osteoarthritis by Shen CL1, Smith BJ, Lo DF, Chyu MC, Dunn DM, Chen CH, Kwun IS.(PubMed)
(138) Green tea: a new option for the prevention or control of osteoarthritis by Katiyar SK, Raman C.(PubMed)
Monday, 6 March 2017
Sunday, 5 March 2017
The Research and Studies of Musculo-Skeletal disorders(MSDs) - Osteoarthritis: The Misdiagnosis and delay diagnosis
Kyle J. Norton (Scholar)
Health article writer and researcher; Over 10.000 articles and research papers have been written and published on line, including world wide health, ezine articles, article base, healthblogs, selfgrowth, best before it's news, the karate GB daily, etc.,.
Named TOP 50 MEDICAL ESSAYS FOR ARTISTS & AUTHORS TO READ by Disilgold.com Named 50 of the best health Tweeters Canada - Huffington Post
Nominated for shorty award over last 4 years
Some articles have been used as references in medical research, such as international journal Pharma and Bio science, ISSN 0975-6299.
Musculoskeletal disorders (MSDs) are medical condition mostly caused by work related occupations and working environment, affecting patients’ muscles, joints, tendons, ligaments and nerves and developing over time. A community sample of 73 females and 32 males aged 85 and over underwent a standardised examination at home. Musculoskeletal pain was reported by 57% of those interviewed. A major restriction of joint movement range was frequent in the shoulder but uncommon in other joints(1).
Osteoarthritis
Osteoarthritis (OA), a form of arthritis, is defined as a condition of as a result of aging causes of wear and tear on a joint, affecting over 25 million people in the United States in alone. University of Porto Medical School indicated that one must understand the differences in prevalence and incidence estimates of osteoarthritis (OA), according to case definition, in knee, hip and hand joints(3).
The characteristics of osteoarthritis are aching pain(5), stiffness(6), or difficulty of moving the joint or joints(7). The pain usually gets worse in change of weather, at night and in the advanced diseases, the pain can occur even at rest(8). Today management of osteoarthritis (OA) focuses on pain relief and improved physical function through pharmacological, non pharmacological, and surgical treatments(4).
The Misdiagnosis and delay diagnosis
Although musculoskeletal disorders is very common with irreversible damage due to osteoarthritis in elder found in evidences of all X ray, misdiagnosis is rare but it can happen. According to the Mount Sinai Medical Center, potentially reversible causes of osteoarthritis for the problem are too often ignored, and a misdiagnosis of osteoarthritis prevents or delays effective treatment of the actual underlying problem(174).
According to Dr. O'Duffy JD., there was a diagnostic problems of rheumatic disease in patients over 60 years of age, including patient with osteoarthritis, and these problems can be prevent if the doctors have taken accounted the history and physical examination alone, with the laboratory and x-ray findings providing supportive evidence(175).
Arthritis Is Curable
You Can Eliminate Osteoarthritis
By addressing the Underlying Causes through Clinical Trials and Studies
Ovarian Cysts And PCOS Elimination
Holistic System In Existence That Will Show You How To
Permanently Eliminate All Types of Ovarian Cysts Within 2 Months
Back to General health http://kylejnorton.blogspot.ca/
Back to Kyle J. Norton Home page http://kylejnorton.blogspot.ca p/general-health.htmlReferences
(104) Osteoarthritis Diagnosis(Spine health)
(105)The Pathogenesis of Rheumatoid Arthritis: Pivotal Cytokines Involved in Bone Degradation and Inflammation by CLIFTON O. BINGHAM III(The Journal of Rheumatology)
(106) Biologic basis of osteoarthritis: state of the evidence. by Malemud CJ1.(PubMed)
(107) Diverse expression of selected cytokines and proteinases in synovial fluid obtained from osteoarthritic and healthy human knee joints by Sauerschnig M1,2, Stolberg-Stolberg J3, Schulze A4, Salzmann GM5, Perka C6, Dynybil CJ7.(PubMed)
(108) Osteoarthritis Diagnosis(Arthritis foundation)
(109) The diagnostic performance of MRI in osteoarthritis: a systematic review and meta-analysis. by Menashe L1, Hirko K, Losina E, Kloppenburg M, Zhang W, Li L, Hunter DJ.(PubMed)
(110) How important is MRI for detecting early osteoarthritis? by Changhai Ding*, Flavia Cicuttini and Graeme Jones(Natrue Clinical Pratctice Rheumatology)
(174) Osteoarthritis as a misdiagnosis in elderly patients by Spiera H1.(PubMed)
(175) Differential diagnosis of rheumatic disease in the elderly by O'Duffy JD(PubMed)
Health article writer and researcher; Over 10.000 articles and research papers have been written and published on line, including world wide health, ezine articles, article base, healthblogs, selfgrowth, best before it's news, the karate GB daily, etc.,.
Named TOP 50 MEDICAL ESSAYS FOR ARTISTS & AUTHORS TO READ by Disilgold.com Named 50 of the best health Tweeters Canada - Huffington Post
Nominated for shorty award over last 4 years
Some articles have been used as references in medical research, such as international journal Pharma and Bio science, ISSN 0975-6299.
Musculoskeletal disorders (MSDs) are medical condition mostly caused by work related occupations and working environment, affecting patients’ muscles, joints, tendons, ligaments and nerves and developing over time. A community sample of 73 females and 32 males aged 85 and over underwent a standardised examination at home. Musculoskeletal pain was reported by 57% of those interviewed. A major restriction of joint movement range was frequent in the shoulder but uncommon in other joints(1).
Osteoarthritis
Osteoarthritis (OA), a form of arthritis, is defined as a condition of as a result of aging causes of wear and tear on a joint, affecting over 25 million people in the United States in alone. University of Porto Medical School indicated that one must understand the differences in prevalence and incidence estimates of osteoarthritis (OA), according to case definition, in knee, hip and hand joints(3).
The characteristics of osteoarthritis are aching pain(5), stiffness(6), or difficulty of moving the joint or joints(7). The pain usually gets worse in change of weather, at night and in the advanced diseases, the pain can occur even at rest(8). Today management of osteoarthritis (OA) focuses on pain relief and improved physical function through pharmacological, non pharmacological, and surgical treatments(4).
The Misdiagnosis and delay diagnosis
Although musculoskeletal disorders is very common with irreversible damage due to osteoarthritis in elder found in evidences of all X ray, misdiagnosis is rare but it can happen. According to the Mount Sinai Medical Center, potentially reversible causes of osteoarthritis for the problem are too often ignored, and a misdiagnosis of osteoarthritis prevents or delays effective treatment of the actual underlying problem(174).
According to Dr. O'Duffy JD., there was a diagnostic problems of rheumatic disease in patients over 60 years of age, including patient with osteoarthritis, and these problems can be prevent if the doctors have taken accounted the history and physical examination alone, with the laboratory and x-ray findings providing supportive evidence(175).
Arthritis Is Curable
You Can Eliminate Osteoarthritis
By addressing the Underlying Causes through Clinical Trials and Studies
Ovarian Cysts And PCOS Elimination
Holistic System In Existence That Will Show You How To
Permanently Eliminate All Types of Ovarian Cysts Within 2 Months
Back to General health http://kylejnorton.blogspot.ca/
Back to Kyle J. Norton Home page http://kylejnorton.blogspot.ca p/general-health.htmlReferences
(104) Osteoarthritis Diagnosis(Spine health)
(105)The Pathogenesis of Rheumatoid Arthritis: Pivotal Cytokines Involved in Bone Degradation and Inflammation by CLIFTON O. BINGHAM III(The Journal of Rheumatology)
(106) Biologic basis of osteoarthritis: state of the evidence. by Malemud CJ1.(PubMed)
(107) Diverse expression of selected cytokines and proteinases in synovial fluid obtained from osteoarthritic and healthy human knee joints by Sauerschnig M1,2, Stolberg-Stolberg J3, Schulze A4, Salzmann GM5, Perka C6, Dynybil CJ7.(PubMed)
(108) Osteoarthritis Diagnosis(Arthritis foundation)
(109) The diagnostic performance of MRI in osteoarthritis: a systematic review and meta-analysis. by Menashe L1, Hirko K, Losina E, Kloppenburg M, Zhang W, Li L, Hunter DJ.(PubMed)
(110) How important is MRI for detecting early osteoarthritis? by Changhai Ding*, Flavia Cicuttini and Graeme Jones(Natrue Clinical Pratctice Rheumatology)
(174) Osteoarthritis as a misdiagnosis in elderly patients by Spiera H1.(PubMed)
(175) Differential diagnosis of rheumatic disease in the elderly by O'Duffy JD(PubMed)
Saturday, 4 March 2017
The Research and Studies of Musculo-Skeletal disorders(MSDs) - Osteoarthritis: The Diagnosis
Kyle J. Norton (Scholar)
Health article writer and researcher; Over 10.000 articles and research papers have been written and published on line, including world wide health, ezine articles, article base, healthblogs, selfgrowth, best before it's news, the karate GB daily, etc.,.
Named TOP 50 MEDICAL ESSAYS FOR ARTISTS & AUTHORS TO READ by Disilgold.com Named 50 of the best health Tweeters Canada - Huffington Post
Nominated for shorty award over last 4 years
Some articles have been used as references in medical research, such as international journal Pharma and Bio science, ISSN 0975-6299.
Musculoskeletal disorders (MSDs) are medical condition mostly caused by work related occupations and working environment, affecting patients’ muscles, joints, tendons, ligaments and nerves and developing over time. A community sample of 73 females and 32 males aged 85 and over underwent a standardised examination at home. Musculoskeletal pain was reported by 57% of those interviewed. A major restriction of joint movement range was frequent in the shoulder but uncommon in other joints(1).
Osteoarthritis
Osteoarthritis (OA), a form of arthritis, is defined as a condition of as a result of aging causes of wear and tear on a joint, affecting over 25 million people in the United States in alone. University of Porto Medical School indicated that one must understand the differences in prevalence and incidence estimates of osteoarthritis (OA), according to case definition, in knee, hip and hand joints(3).
The characteristics of osteoarthritis are aching pain(5), stiffness(6), or difficulty of moving the joint or joints(7). The pain usually gets worse in change of weather, at night and in the advanced diseases, the pain can occur even at rest(8). Today management of osteoarthritis (OA) focuses on pain relief and improved physical function through pharmacological, non pharmacological, and surgical treatments(4).
The Diagnosis
The aim of the diagnosis is to differentiate the diseases against other types of arthritis to avoid misdiagnosis and to rule out the other (secondary osteoarthritis)causes of osteoarthritis (OA)(104).
After taking the complex physical examination and careful exam the physical symptoms such as, joint swelling, Joint tenderness, decreased range of motion in joints, Visible joint damage, etc. some of the below tests may be necessary.
1. Blood Test
Although blood test is not necessary in many cases of osteoarthritis (OA), it can be helpful tool to rule other causes of the disease, including rheumatoid arthritis as it will indicate an inflammatory process(erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR, or sed rate) such as the presence of anti-cyclic citrullinate d peptide (anti-CCP) antibodies(105).
2. Synovial fluid analysis
Synovial fluid analysis is the test to exam the joint synovial fluid for conditions involving joint inflammation, pain, swelling, and fluid accumulation(106). Abnormal joint fluid may comprise abnormal amounts of detrimental bioactive proteins, temporary clearance, dilution or suppression/modulation as an indication of inflammation or osteoarthritis(107).
3. X-rays
X rays beside is one of the common used to diagnosed for findings of osteoarthritis (OA) such as abnormal joints, bone, joint space between adjacent bone, loss of joint cartilage, etc., Accordning to the Framingham study, according to radio graphics, the prevalence of meniscus damage in the knee of subjects with no, one to two, and three or more finger joints with OA was 24.9%, 31.7%, and 47.2%, respectively. X-rays can show damage, other changes associated to osteoarthritis and to confirm the diagnosis(108)
4. MRI (magnetic resonance imaging)
MRI (magnetic resonance imaging) is a more sensitive imaging method, it is used less often than x-rays due to cost and availability. In conjunction of X ray for Osteoarthritis (OA), MRI has been used increasingly in recent years through a meta-analysis of published studies, according to Tufts University, School of Medicine(109) MRI scans show cartilage loss, damage and defects, bone size, bone marrow lesions, bone expansion and damage to ligaments(110).
5. Etc.
Arthritis Is Curable
You Can Eliminate Osteoarthritis
By addressing the Underlying Causes through Clinical Trials and Studies
Ovarian Cysts And PCOS Elimination
Holistic System In Existence That Will Show You How To
Permanently Eliminate All Types of Ovarian Cysts Within 2 Months
Back to General health http://kylejnorton.blogspot.ca/
Back to Kyle J. Norton Home page http://kylejnorton.blogspot.ca p/general-health.htmlReferences
(104) Osteoarthritis Diagnosis(Spine health)
(105)The Pathogenesis of Rheumatoid Arthritis: Pivotal Cytokines Involved in Bone Degradation and Inflammation by CLIFTON O. BINGHAM III(The Journal of Rheumatology)
(106) Biologic basis of osteoarthritis: state of the evidence. by Malemud CJ1.(PubMed)
(107) Diverse expression of selected cytokines and proteinases in synovial fluid obtained from osteoarthritic and healthy human knee joints by Sauerschnig M1,2, Stolberg-Stolberg J3, Schulze A4, Salzmann GM5, Perka C6, Dynybil CJ7.(PubMed)
(108) Osteoarthritis Diagnosis(Arthritis foundation)
(109) The diagnostic performance of MRI in osteoarthritis: a systematic review and meta-analysis. by Menashe L1, Hirko K, Losina E, Kloppenburg M, Zhang W, Li L, Hunter DJ.(PubMed)
(110) How important is MRI for detecting early osteoarthritis? by Changhai Ding*, Flavia Cicuttini and Graeme Jones(Natrue Clinical Pratctice Rheumatology)
(174) Osteoarthritis as a misdiagnosis in elderly patients by Spiera H1.(PubMed)
(175) Differential diagnosis of rheumatic disease in the elderly by O'Duffy JD(PubMed)
Health article writer and researcher; Over 10.000 articles and research papers have been written and published on line, including world wide health, ezine articles, article base, healthblogs, selfgrowth, best before it's news, the karate GB daily, etc.,.
Named TOP 50 MEDICAL ESSAYS FOR ARTISTS & AUTHORS TO READ by Disilgold.com Named 50 of the best health Tweeters Canada - Huffington Post
Nominated for shorty award over last 4 years
Some articles have been used as references in medical research, such as international journal Pharma and Bio science, ISSN 0975-6299.
Musculoskeletal disorders (MSDs) are medical condition mostly caused by work related occupations and working environment, affecting patients’ muscles, joints, tendons, ligaments and nerves and developing over time. A community sample of 73 females and 32 males aged 85 and over underwent a standardised examination at home. Musculoskeletal pain was reported by 57% of those interviewed. A major restriction of joint movement range was frequent in the shoulder but uncommon in other joints(1).
Osteoarthritis
Osteoarthritis (OA), a form of arthritis, is defined as a condition of as a result of aging causes of wear and tear on a joint, affecting over 25 million people in the United States in alone. University of Porto Medical School indicated that one must understand the differences in prevalence and incidence estimates of osteoarthritis (OA), according to case definition, in knee, hip and hand joints(3).
The characteristics of osteoarthritis are aching pain(5), stiffness(6), or difficulty of moving the joint or joints(7). The pain usually gets worse in change of weather, at night and in the advanced diseases, the pain can occur even at rest(8). Today management of osteoarthritis (OA) focuses on pain relief and improved physical function through pharmacological, non pharmacological, and surgical treatments(4).
The Diagnosis
The aim of the diagnosis is to differentiate the diseases against other types of arthritis to avoid misdiagnosis and to rule out the other (secondary osteoarthritis)causes of osteoarthritis (OA)(104).
After taking the complex physical examination and careful exam the physical symptoms such as, joint swelling, Joint tenderness, decreased range of motion in joints, Visible joint damage, etc. some of the below tests may be necessary.
1. Blood Test
Although blood test is not necessary in many cases of osteoarthritis (OA), it can be helpful tool to rule other causes of the disease, including rheumatoid arthritis as it will indicate an inflammatory process(erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR, or sed rate) such as the presence of anti-cyclic citrullinate d peptide (anti-CCP) antibodies(105).
2. Synovial fluid analysis
Synovial fluid analysis is the test to exam the joint synovial fluid for conditions involving joint inflammation, pain, swelling, and fluid accumulation(106). Abnormal joint fluid may comprise abnormal amounts of detrimental bioactive proteins, temporary clearance, dilution or suppression/modulation as an indication of inflammation or osteoarthritis(107).
3. X-rays
X rays beside is one of the common used to diagnosed for findings of osteoarthritis (OA) such as abnormal joints, bone, joint space between adjacent bone, loss of joint cartilage, etc., Accordning to the Framingham study, according to radio graphics, the prevalence of meniscus damage in the knee of subjects with no, one to two, and three or more finger joints with OA was 24.9%, 31.7%, and 47.2%, respectively. X-rays can show damage, other changes associated to osteoarthritis and to confirm the diagnosis(108)
4. MRI (magnetic resonance imaging)
MRI (magnetic resonance imaging) is a more sensitive imaging method, it is used less often than x-rays due to cost and availability. In conjunction of X ray for Osteoarthritis (OA), MRI has been used increasingly in recent years through a meta-analysis of published studies, according to Tufts University, School of Medicine(109) MRI scans show cartilage loss, damage and defects, bone size, bone marrow lesions, bone expansion and damage to ligaments(110).
5. Etc.
Arthritis Is Curable
You Can Eliminate Osteoarthritis
By addressing the Underlying Causes through Clinical Trials and Studies
Ovarian Cysts And PCOS Elimination
Holistic System In Existence That Will Show You How To
Permanently Eliminate All Types of Ovarian Cysts Within 2 Months
Back to General health http://kylejnorton.blogspot.ca/
Back to Kyle J. Norton Home page http://kylejnorton.blogspot.ca p/general-health.htmlReferences
(104) Osteoarthritis Diagnosis(Spine health)
(105)The Pathogenesis of Rheumatoid Arthritis: Pivotal Cytokines Involved in Bone Degradation and Inflammation by CLIFTON O. BINGHAM III(The Journal of Rheumatology)
(106) Biologic basis of osteoarthritis: state of the evidence. by Malemud CJ1.(PubMed)
(107) Diverse expression of selected cytokines and proteinases in synovial fluid obtained from osteoarthritic and healthy human knee joints by Sauerschnig M1,2, Stolberg-Stolberg J3, Schulze A4, Salzmann GM5, Perka C6, Dynybil CJ7.(PubMed)
(108) Osteoarthritis Diagnosis(Arthritis foundation)
(109) The diagnostic performance of MRI in osteoarthritis: a systematic review and meta-analysis. by Menashe L1, Hirko K, Losina E, Kloppenburg M, Zhang W, Li L, Hunter DJ.(PubMed)
(110) How important is MRI for detecting early osteoarthritis? by Changhai Ding*, Flavia Cicuttini and Graeme Jones(Natrue Clinical Pratctice Rheumatology)
(174) Osteoarthritis as a misdiagnosis in elderly patients by Spiera H1.(PubMed)
(175) Differential diagnosis of rheumatic disease in the elderly by O'Duffy JD(PubMed)
Friday, 3 March 2017
The Research and Studies of Musculo-Skeletal disorders(MSDs) - Osteoarthritis: The Complications
Kyle J. Norton (Scholar)
Health article writer and researcher; Over 10.000 articles and research papers have been written and published on line, including world wide health, ezine articles, article base, healthblogs, selfgrowth, best before it's news, the karate GB daily, etc.,.
Named TOP 50 MEDICAL ESSAYS FOR ARTISTS & AUTHORS TO READ by Disilgold.com Named 50 of the best health Tweeters Canada - Huffington Post
Nominated for shorty award over last 4 years
Some articles have been used as references in medical research, such as international journal Pharma and Bio science, ISSN 0975-6299.
Musculoskeletal disorders (MSDs) are medical condition mostly caused by work related occupations and working environment, affecting patients’ muscles, joints, tendons, ligaments and nerves and developing over time. A community sample of 73 females and 32 males aged 85 and over underwent a standardised examination at home. Musculoskeletal pain was reported by 57% of those interviewed. A major restriction of joint movement range was frequent in the shoulder but uncommon in other joints(1).
Osteoarthritis
Osteoarthritis (OA), a form of arthritis, is defined as a condition of as a result of aging causes of wear and tear on a joint, affecting over 25 million people in the United States in alone. University of Porto Medical School indicated that one must understand the differences in prevalence and incidence estimates of osteoarthritis (OA), according to case definition, in knee, hip and hand joints(3).
The characteristics of osteoarthritis are aching pain(5), stiffness(6), or difficulty of moving the joint or joints(7). The pain usually gets worse in change of weather, at night and in the advanced diseases, the pain can occur even at rest(8). Today management of osteoarthritis (OA) focuses on pain relief and improved physical function through pharmacological, non pharmacological, and surgical treatments(4).
The Complications
The Most common complications for people with
1. Gout
The forming of sodium urate crystals forming in and around your joints, due to high levels of urate can result of inflammatory arthritis or gout(88)(89).
2. Chondrocalcinosis
The forming of calcium pyrophosphate crystals to form in the cartilage, due to osteoarthritis (OA) can cause calcification(90)(91).
Other may also experience complications of
1. Rapid, complete breakdown of cartilage due to upregulating of syndecan-4 is found to associated to patient with osteoarthritis(92)(93). Inhibition of syndecan-4 may be used for the treatment of cartilage damage in osteoarthritis(93).
2. OsteonecrosisOsteonecrosis, the result of bone death due to collapse of the architecture of bone, as the result of a number of conditions ultimately leading to an impairment of blood supply to the bone tissue(94), According to the study by Akita University Graduate School of Medicine, there is a relationship of subchondral bone collapse caused by osteoporosis, but not osteonecrosis, initiated the osteoarthritic change of the affected knee(96).
Probable bone formation was clear in the patients with osteonecrosis, and cartilage regeneration in the patients with osteoarthritis after injecting autologous adipose-tissue-derived stem cells, hyaluronic acid, platelet rich plasma and calcium chloride(95)
3. Stress fractures
The common complication found in 0.3%-0.8% of patients suffering from rheumatic diseases as a result of multifactorial overuse injuries(97), but Stress fractures of the tibia secondary to tibial deformities are rare from patient with osteoarthritis((98)(99).
4. Bleeding inside the joint(100).
5. Infection in the joint(101)(102)
6. Osteoarthritis can cause deterioration or rupture of the tendons and ligaments around the joint of which can induce risk of instability(103).
Arthritis Is Curable
You Can Eliminate Osteoarthritis
By addressing the Underlying Causes through Clinical Trials and Studies
Ovarian Cysts And PCOS Elimination
Holistic System In Existence That Will Show You How To
Permanently Eliminate All Types of Ovarian Cysts Within 2 Months
Back to General health http://kylejnorton.blogspot.ca/p/general-health.html
Back to Kyle J. Norton Home page http://kylejnorton.blogspot.ca
References
(88) Are joints affected by gout also affected by osteoarthritis? by Edward Roddy, Weiya Zhang, and Michael Doherty(PMC)
(89) Are There Other Options Besides Medications for Gout and Osteoarthritis? by Julie Chen, M.D.
(90) The relationship between chondrocalcinosis and osteoarthritis in Saudi Arabia by Al-Arfaj AS1.(PubMed)
(91) Analysis of the association between chondrocalcinosis and osteoarthritis: a community based study by Sanmarti R1, Kanterewicz E, Pladevall M, Pañella D, Tarradellas JB, Gomez JM.(PubMed)
(92) SDC4: OA joint effort by Michael J. Haas, Senior Writer(SciBX)
(93) Syndecan-4 regulates ADAMTS-5 activation and cartilage breakdown in osteoarthritis by Echtermeyer F1, Bertrand J, Dreier R, Meinecke I, Neugebauer K, Fuerst M, Lee YJ, Song YW, Herzog C, Theilmeier G, Pap T.(PubMed)
(94) Definition of bone necrosis by the pathologis by Cristina Fondi and Alessandro Franchi(PMC)
(95) Regeneration of human bones in hip osteonecrosis and human cartilage in knee osteoarthritis with autologous adipose-tissue-derived stem cells: a case series by Pak J1.(PubMed)
(96) The Relationship between Osteoporosis and Osteoarthritis of the Knee: A Report of 2 Cases with SuspectedOsteonecrosis by Horikawa A1, Miyakoshi N2, Shimada Y2, Kodama H1.(PubMed)
(97) Proximal tibial stress fracture associated with mild osteoarthritis of the knee: case report. by Curković M1, Kovac K, Curković B, Babić-Naglić D, Potocki K.(PubMed)
(98) Management of knee osteoarthritis presenting with tibial stress fractures by Ng YC1, Sathappan SS, Wong HP.(PubMed)
(99) Proximal tibial stress fractures associated with primary degenerative knee osteoarthritis by Sourlas I1, Papachristou G, Pilichou A, Giannoudis PV, Efstathopoulos N, Nikolaou VS.(PubMed)
(100) Osteoarthritis In-Depth Report(The NewYork time)
(101) Risk of revision for infection in primary total hip and knee arthroplasty in patients with rheumatoid arthritis compared with osteoarthritis: a prospective, population-based study on 108,786 hip and knee joint arthroplasties from the Norwegian Arthroplasty Register by Schrama JC1, Espehaug B, Hallan G, Engesaeter LB, Furnes O, Havelin LI, Fevang BT.(PubMed)
(102) Incidence of infectious complications in hip and knee arthroplasties in rheumatoid arthritis and osteoarthritispatients.[Article in English, Portuguese] by da Cunha BM1, de Oliveira SB, Santos-Neto L.(PubMed)
(103) The Basics of Osteoarthritis(WebMD)
Health article writer and researcher; Over 10.000 articles and research papers have been written and published on line, including world wide health, ezine articles, article base, healthblogs, selfgrowth, best before it's news, the karate GB daily, etc.,.
Named TOP 50 MEDICAL ESSAYS FOR ARTISTS & AUTHORS TO READ by Disilgold.com Named 50 of the best health Tweeters Canada - Huffington Post
Nominated for shorty award over last 4 years
Some articles have been used as references in medical research, such as international journal Pharma and Bio science, ISSN 0975-6299.
Musculoskeletal disorders (MSDs) are medical condition mostly caused by work related occupations and working environment, affecting patients’ muscles, joints, tendons, ligaments and nerves and developing over time. A community sample of 73 females and 32 males aged 85 and over underwent a standardised examination at home. Musculoskeletal pain was reported by 57% of those interviewed. A major restriction of joint movement range was frequent in the shoulder but uncommon in other joints(1).
Osteoarthritis
Osteoarthritis (OA), a form of arthritis, is defined as a condition of as a result of aging causes of wear and tear on a joint, affecting over 25 million people in the United States in alone. University of Porto Medical School indicated that one must understand the differences in prevalence and incidence estimates of osteoarthritis (OA), according to case definition, in knee, hip and hand joints(3).
The characteristics of osteoarthritis are aching pain(5), stiffness(6), or difficulty of moving the joint or joints(7). The pain usually gets worse in change of weather, at night and in the advanced diseases, the pain can occur even at rest(8). Today management of osteoarthritis (OA) focuses on pain relief and improved physical function through pharmacological, non pharmacological, and surgical treatments(4).
The Complications
The Most common complications for people with
1. Gout
The forming of sodium urate crystals forming in and around your joints, due to high levels of urate can result of inflammatory arthritis or gout(88)(89).
2. Chondrocalcinosis
The forming of calcium pyrophosphate crystals to form in the cartilage, due to osteoarthritis (OA) can cause calcification(90)(91).
Other may also experience complications of
1. Rapid, complete breakdown of cartilage due to upregulating of syndecan-4 is found to associated to patient with osteoarthritis(92)(93). Inhibition of syndecan-4 may be used for the treatment of cartilage damage in osteoarthritis(93).
2. OsteonecrosisOsteonecrosis, the result of bone death due to collapse of the architecture of bone, as the result of a number of conditions ultimately leading to an impairment of blood supply to the bone tissue(94), According to the study by Akita University Graduate School of Medicine, there is a relationship of subchondral bone collapse caused by osteoporosis, but not osteonecrosis, initiated the osteoarthritic change of the affected knee(96).
Probable bone formation was clear in the patients with osteonecrosis, and cartilage regeneration in the patients with osteoarthritis after injecting autologous adipose-tissue-derived stem cells, hyaluronic acid, platelet rich plasma and calcium chloride(95)
3. Stress fractures
The common complication found in 0.3%-0.8% of patients suffering from rheumatic diseases as a result of multifactorial overuse injuries(97), but Stress fractures of the tibia secondary to tibial deformities are rare from patient with osteoarthritis((98)(99).
4. Bleeding inside the joint(100).
5. Infection in the joint(101)(102)
6. Osteoarthritis can cause deterioration or rupture of the tendons and ligaments around the joint of which can induce risk of instability(103).
Arthritis Is Curable
You Can Eliminate Osteoarthritis
By addressing the Underlying Causes through Clinical Trials and Studies
Ovarian Cysts And PCOS Elimination
Holistic System In Existence That Will Show You How To
Permanently Eliminate All Types of Ovarian Cysts Within 2 Months
Back to General health http://kylejnorton.blogspot.ca/p/general-health.html
Back to Kyle J. Norton Home page http://kylejnorton.blogspot.ca
References
(88) Are joints affected by gout also affected by osteoarthritis? by Edward Roddy, Weiya Zhang, and Michael Doherty(PMC)
(89) Are There Other Options Besides Medications for Gout and Osteoarthritis? by Julie Chen, M.D.
(90) The relationship between chondrocalcinosis and osteoarthritis in Saudi Arabia by Al-Arfaj AS1.(PubMed)
(91) Analysis of the association between chondrocalcinosis and osteoarthritis: a community based study by Sanmarti R1, Kanterewicz E, Pladevall M, Pañella D, Tarradellas JB, Gomez JM.(PubMed)
(92) SDC4: OA joint effort by Michael J. Haas, Senior Writer(SciBX)
(93) Syndecan-4 regulates ADAMTS-5 activation and cartilage breakdown in osteoarthritis by Echtermeyer F1, Bertrand J, Dreier R, Meinecke I, Neugebauer K, Fuerst M, Lee YJ, Song YW, Herzog C, Theilmeier G, Pap T.(PubMed)
(94) Definition of bone necrosis by the pathologis by Cristina Fondi and Alessandro Franchi(PMC)
(95) Regeneration of human bones in hip osteonecrosis and human cartilage in knee osteoarthritis with autologous adipose-tissue-derived stem cells: a case series by Pak J1.(PubMed)
(96) The Relationship between Osteoporosis and Osteoarthritis of the Knee: A Report of 2 Cases with SuspectedOsteonecrosis by Horikawa A1, Miyakoshi N2, Shimada Y2, Kodama H1.(PubMed)
(97) Proximal tibial stress fracture associated with mild osteoarthritis of the knee: case report. by Curković M1, Kovac K, Curković B, Babić-Naglić D, Potocki K.(PubMed)
(98) Management of knee osteoarthritis presenting with tibial stress fractures by Ng YC1, Sathappan SS, Wong HP.(PubMed)
(99) Proximal tibial stress fractures associated with primary degenerative knee osteoarthritis by Sourlas I1, Papachristou G, Pilichou A, Giannoudis PV, Efstathopoulos N, Nikolaou VS.(PubMed)
(100) Osteoarthritis In-Depth Report(The NewYork time)
(101) Risk of revision for infection in primary total hip and knee arthroplasty in patients with rheumatoid arthritis compared with osteoarthritis: a prospective, population-based study on 108,786 hip and knee joint arthroplasties from the Norwegian Arthroplasty Register by Schrama JC1, Espehaug B, Hallan G, Engesaeter LB, Furnes O, Havelin LI, Fevang BT.(PubMed)
(102) Incidence of infectious complications in hip and knee arthroplasties in rheumatoid arthritis and osteoarthritispatients.[Article in English, Portuguese] by da Cunha BM1, de Oliveira SB, Santos-Neto L.(PubMed)
(103) The Basics of Osteoarthritis(WebMD)
Thursday, 2 March 2017
The Research and Studies of Musculo-Skeletal disorders(MSDs) - Osteoarthritis: The Diseases associated with osteoarthritis
Kyle J. Norton (Scholar)
Health article writer and researcher; Over 10.000 articles and research papers have been written and published on line, including world wide health, ezine articles, article base, healthblogs, selfgrowth, best before it's news, the karate GB daily, etc.,.
Named TOP 50 MEDICAL ESSAYS FOR ARTISTS & AUTHORS TO READ by Disilgold.com Named 50 of the best health Tweeters Canada - Huffington Post
Nominated for shorty award over last 4 years
Some articles have been used as references in medical research, such as international journal Pharma and Bio science, ISSN 0975-6299.
Musculoskeletal disorders (MSDs) are medical condition mostly caused by work related occupations and working environment, affecting patients’ muscles, joints, tendons, ligaments and nerves and developing over time. A community sample of 73 females and 32 males aged 85 and over underwent a standardised examination at home. Musculoskeletal pain was reported by 57% of those interviewed. A major restriction of joint movement range was frequent in the shoulder but uncommon in other joints(1).
Types of Musculo-Skeletal disorders in elder(2)
1. Osteoarthritis
2. Gout
3. Rheumatoid Arthritis
4. Polymalagia Arthritis
5. Cervical myleopathy and spinal canal stenosis
6. Osteoporosis
7. Low back pain
8. Fibromyalgia
Osteoarthritis
Osteoarthritis (OA), a form of arthritis, is defined as a condition of as a result of aging causes of wear and tear on a joint, affecting over 25 million people in the United States in alone. University of Porto Medical School indicated that one must understand the differences in prevalence and incidence estimates of osteoarthritis (OA), according to case definition, in knee, hip and hand joints(3).
The characteristics of osteoarthritis are aching pain(5), stiffness(6), or difficulty of moving the joint or joints(7). The pain usually gets worse in change of weather, at night and in the advanced diseases, the pain can occur even at rest(8). Today management of osteoarthritis (OA) focuses on pain relief and improved physical function through pharmacological, non pharmacological, and surgical treatments(4).
The Diseases associated with osteoarthritis
Researchers suggested that OA is not simply a disease related to aging or mechanical stress of joints but rather a “metabolic disorder(70)(71)” interrelated to lipid, metabolic, and humoral mediators(70). Indeed, OA has been linked not only to obesity(46)(47) but also to other cardiovascular risk factors(72)(73), namely, diabetes(74), dyslipidemia, hypertension, and insulin resistance(75).
Most people with osteoarthritis also suffer from one or more of below
1. Hypertension
According to the University Health Network Research Institute, the economic burden incurred by RA significantly exceeds that related to OA and HBP(76)(77).
2. Cardiovascular disease
According to Erasmus University Medical Centre, there is an associations of atherosclerosis with osteoarthritis of the knee and hand joints in women(72)(73)(78).
3. Peripheral vascular disease
According to Himchan Hospital, patient with due to osteoarthritis are associated to risk of asymptomatic peripheral vascular disease(80). The average vessel wall thickness of the popliteal artery was 1.09 mm in patients with generalized OA, and 0.96 mm in the matched normal reference population(79).
4. Congestive heart failure
Hypertension, diabetes, and older age have shown to increased risk of Congestive heart failure modestly(81). Etoricoxib, an annti-inflammatory painkillers showed a statistically significant inhibition at 90 mg in patients with osteoarthritis and rheumatoid arthritis(82).
5. Renal function impairment
According to the Southampton University Hospitals NHS Trust, pain pharmacotherapies osuch as osteoarthritis (OA) or mixed OA and rheumatoid arthritis may increase the risk of adverse events in patients with concurrent cardiovascular (CV) or renal disease(83). Median excretion of pyridinoline and deoxypyridinoline in the OA patients as a whole was raised above values found in a healthy control population(84).
6. Diabetes
Several epidemiological and experimental data support the hypothesis that diabetes could be an independent risk factor for osteoarthritis (OA)(76)(85).
7. Respiratory disease
People with Respiratory disease is also at a higher risk to develop osteoarthritis (OA), such as chronic cough and bilateral infiltrates on chest roentgenogram(86).
8. High serum of Cholesterol
There is an association between high serum cholesterol level and both knee and generalized OA, according to the study of 113 females and 133 males with average ages 46 14.2 and 51.54 16.0 years by King Khalid University Hospital(87).
Arthritis Is Curable
You Can Eliminate Osteoarthritis
By addressing the Underlying Causes through Clinical Trials and Studies
Ovarian Cysts And PCOS Elimination
Holistic System In Existence That Will Show You How To
Permanently Eliminate All Types of Ovarian Cysts Within 2 Months
Back to General health http://kylejnorton.blogspot.ca/p/general-health.html
Back to Kyle J. Norton Home page http://kylejnorton.blogspot.ca
References
(1) Prevalence of rheumatic symptoms, rheumatoid arthritis, ankylosing spondylitis, and gout in Shanghai, China: a COPCORD study by Dai SM1, Han XH, Zhao DB, Shi YQ, Liu Y, Meng JM.(PubMed)
(2) Musculoskeletal Disorders in the Elderly by Ramon Gheno, Juan M. Cepparo, Cristina E. Rosca,1 and Anne Cotten(PMC)
(3) The effect of osteoarthritis definition on prevalence and incidence estimates: a systematic review by Pereira D1, Peleteiro B, Araújo J, Branco J, Santos RA, Ramos E.(PubMed)
(4) Effect of therapeutic aquatic exercise on symptoms and function associated with lower limb osteoarthritis: systematic review with meta-analysis by Waller B1, Ogonowska-Slodownik A2, Vitor M3, Lambeck J4, Daly D5, Kujala UM6, Heinonen A7.(PubMed)
(5) Effects of therapeutic ultrasound on pain, physical functions and safety outcomes in patients with kneeosteoarthritis: A systematic review and meta-analysis by Zhang C1, Xie Y2, Luo X3, Ji Q3, Lu C3, He C4, Wang P3.(PubMed)
(6) Oral intake of purple passion fruit peel extract reduces pain and stiffness and improves physical function in adult patients with knee osteoarthritis by Farid R1, Rezaieyazdi Z, Mirfeizi Z, Hatef MR, Mirheidari M, Mansouri H, Esmaelli H, Bentley G, Lu Y, Foo Y, Watson RR.(PubMed)
(7) Functional ability, mobility, and pain before and after knee replacement in patients aged 75 and older: a cross-sectional study by Limnell K1, Jämsen E, Huhtala H, Jäntti P, Puolakka T, Jylhä M.(PubMed)
(70) Osteoarthritis: another component of metabolic syndrome? by Velasquez MT1, Katz JD.(PubMed)
(71) [Metabolic syndrome and a course of osteoarthrosis].[Article in Russian] by Korochina IE, Bagirova GG.(PubMed)
(72) Risk of cardiovascular disease in patients with osteoarthritis: a prospective longitudinal study. by Rahman MM1, Kopec JA, Anis AH, Cibere J, Goldsmith CH.(PubMed)
(73) Cardiovascular disease and osteoarthritis: common pathways and patient outcomes. by Fernandes GS1, Valdes AM.(PubMed)
(74) Risk of Type 2 Diabetes among Osteoarthritis Patients in a Prospective Longitudinal Study by Rahman MM1, Cibere J2, Anis AH3, Goldsmith CH4, Kopec JA5.(PubMed)
(75) Osteoarthritis—the impact of a serious disease by F. C. Breedveld
(76) Bone loss at subchondral plate in knee osteoarthritis patients with hypertension and type 2 diabetes mellitus. by Wen CY1, Chen Y, Tang HL, Yan CH, Lu WW, Chiu KY.(PubMed)
(77) The economic burden associated with osteoarthritis, rheumatoid arthritis, and hypertension: a comparative study. by Maetzel A1, Li LC, Pencharz J, Tomlinson G, Bombardier C; Community Hypertension and Arthritis Project Study Team.(PubMed)
(78) Association of atherosclerosis with presence and progression of osteoarthritis: the Rotterdam Study by Hoeven TA1, Kavousi M, Clockaerts S, Kerkhof HJ, van Meurs JB, Franco O, Hofman A, Bindels P, Witteman J, Bierma-Zeinstra S.(PubMed)
(79) Positive association between increased popliteal artery vessel wall thickness and generalized osteoarthritis: is OA also part of the metabolic syndrome? by Kornaat PR1, Sharma R, van der Geest RJ, Lamb HJ, Kloppenburg M, Hellio le Graverand MP, Bloem JL, Watt I.(PubMed)
(80) Asymptomatic peripheral vascular disease in total knee arthroplasty: preoperative prevalence and risk factors. by Park IH1, Lee SC, Park IS, Nam CH, Ahn HS, Park HY, Gondalia VH, Jung KA.(PubMed)
(81) Baseline factors associated with congestive heart failure in patients receiving etoricoxib or diclofenac: multivariate analysis of the MEDAL program by Krum H1, Curtis SP, Kaur A, Wang H, Smugar SS, Weir MR, Laine L, Brater DC, Cannon CP.(PubMed)
(82) Baseline factors associated with congestive heart failure in patients receiving etoricoxib or diclofenac: multivariate analysis of the MEDAL program by Krum H1, Curtis SP, Kaur A, Wang H, Smugar SS, Weir MR, Laine L, Brater DC, Cannon CP.(PubMed)
(83) Pain pharmacotherapy in patients with inflammatory arthritis and concurrent cardiovascular or renal disease: a Cochrane systematic review. by Marks JL1, van der Heijde DM, Colebatch AN, Buchbinder R, Edwards CJ.(PubMed)
(84) Urinary excretion of pyridinium crosslinks of collagen correlated with joint damage in arthritis by Astbury C1, Bird HA, McLaren AM, Robins SP.(PubMed)
(85) Diabetes-induced osteoarthritis: from a new paradigm to a new phenotype by Berenbaum F1.(PubMed)
(86) [Pulmonary infiltrates with blood eosinophilia in a 62-year-old patient].[Article in German] by Kohlhäufl M1, Weber N, Morresi-Hauf A, Geiger D, Raith H, Häussinger K.(PubMed)
(87) Radiographic osteoarthritis and serum cholesterol by Al-Arfaj AS1.(PubMed)
Health article writer and researcher; Over 10.000 articles and research papers have been written and published on line, including world wide health, ezine articles, article base, healthblogs, selfgrowth, best before it's news, the karate GB daily, etc.,.
Named TOP 50 MEDICAL ESSAYS FOR ARTISTS & AUTHORS TO READ by Disilgold.com Named 50 of the best health Tweeters Canada - Huffington Post
Nominated for shorty award over last 4 years
Some articles have been used as references in medical research, such as international journal Pharma and Bio science, ISSN 0975-6299.
Musculoskeletal disorders (MSDs) are medical condition mostly caused by work related occupations and working environment, affecting patients’ muscles, joints, tendons, ligaments and nerves and developing over time. A community sample of 73 females and 32 males aged 85 and over underwent a standardised examination at home. Musculoskeletal pain was reported by 57% of those interviewed. A major restriction of joint movement range was frequent in the shoulder but uncommon in other joints(1).
Types of Musculo-Skeletal disorders in elder(2)
1. Osteoarthritis
2. Gout
3. Rheumatoid Arthritis
4. Polymalagia Arthritis
5. Cervical myleopathy and spinal canal stenosis
6. Osteoporosis
7. Low back pain
8. Fibromyalgia
Osteoarthritis
Osteoarthritis (OA), a form of arthritis, is defined as a condition of as a result of aging causes of wear and tear on a joint, affecting over 25 million people in the United States in alone. University of Porto Medical School indicated that one must understand the differences in prevalence and incidence estimates of osteoarthritis (OA), according to case definition, in knee, hip and hand joints(3).
The characteristics of osteoarthritis are aching pain(5), stiffness(6), or difficulty of moving the joint or joints(7). The pain usually gets worse in change of weather, at night and in the advanced diseases, the pain can occur even at rest(8). Today management of osteoarthritis (OA) focuses on pain relief and improved physical function through pharmacological, non pharmacological, and surgical treatments(4).
The Diseases associated with osteoarthritis
Researchers suggested that OA is not simply a disease related to aging or mechanical stress of joints but rather a “metabolic disorder(70)(71)” interrelated to lipid, metabolic, and humoral mediators(70). Indeed, OA has been linked not only to obesity(46)(47) but also to other cardiovascular risk factors(72)(73), namely, diabetes(74), dyslipidemia, hypertension, and insulin resistance(75).
Most people with osteoarthritis also suffer from one or more of below
1. Hypertension
According to the University Health Network Research Institute, the economic burden incurred by RA significantly exceeds that related to OA and HBP(76)(77).
2. Cardiovascular disease
According to Erasmus University Medical Centre, there is an associations of atherosclerosis with osteoarthritis of the knee and hand joints in women(72)(73)(78).
3. Peripheral vascular disease
According to Himchan Hospital, patient with due to osteoarthritis are associated to risk of asymptomatic peripheral vascular disease(80). The average vessel wall thickness of the popliteal artery was 1.09 mm in patients with generalized OA, and 0.96 mm in the matched normal reference population(79).
4. Congestive heart failure
Hypertension, diabetes, and older age have shown to increased risk of Congestive heart failure modestly(81). Etoricoxib, an annti-inflammatory painkillers showed a statistically significant inhibition at 90 mg in patients with osteoarthritis and rheumatoid arthritis(82).
5. Renal function impairment
According to the Southampton University Hospitals NHS Trust, pain pharmacotherapies osuch as osteoarthritis (OA) or mixed OA and rheumatoid arthritis may increase the risk of adverse events in patients with concurrent cardiovascular (CV) or renal disease(83). Median excretion of pyridinoline and deoxypyridinoline in the OA patients as a whole was raised above values found in a healthy control population(84).
6. Diabetes
Several epidemiological and experimental data support the hypothesis that diabetes could be an independent risk factor for osteoarthritis (OA)(76)(85).
7. Respiratory disease
People with Respiratory disease is also at a higher risk to develop osteoarthritis (OA), such as chronic cough and bilateral infiltrates on chest roentgenogram(86).
8. High serum of Cholesterol
There is an association between high serum cholesterol level and both knee and generalized OA, according to the study of 113 females and 133 males with average ages 46 14.2 and 51.54 16.0 years by King Khalid University Hospital(87).
Arthritis Is Curable
You Can Eliminate Osteoarthritis
By addressing the Underlying Causes through Clinical Trials and Studies
Ovarian Cysts And PCOS Elimination
Holistic System In Existence That Will Show You How To
Permanently Eliminate All Types of Ovarian Cysts Within 2 Months
Back to General health http://kylejnorton.blogspot.ca/p/general-health.html
Back to Kyle J. Norton Home page http://kylejnorton.blogspot.ca
References
(1) Prevalence of rheumatic symptoms, rheumatoid arthritis, ankylosing spondylitis, and gout in Shanghai, China: a COPCORD study by Dai SM1, Han XH, Zhao DB, Shi YQ, Liu Y, Meng JM.(PubMed)
(2) Musculoskeletal Disorders in the Elderly by Ramon Gheno, Juan M. Cepparo, Cristina E. Rosca,1 and Anne Cotten(PMC)
(3) The effect of osteoarthritis definition on prevalence and incidence estimates: a systematic review by Pereira D1, Peleteiro B, Araújo J, Branco J, Santos RA, Ramos E.(PubMed)
(4) Effect of therapeutic aquatic exercise on symptoms and function associated with lower limb osteoarthritis: systematic review with meta-analysis by Waller B1, Ogonowska-Slodownik A2, Vitor M3, Lambeck J4, Daly D5, Kujala UM6, Heinonen A7.(PubMed)
(5) Effects of therapeutic ultrasound on pain, physical functions and safety outcomes in patients with kneeosteoarthritis: A systematic review and meta-analysis by Zhang C1, Xie Y2, Luo X3, Ji Q3, Lu C3, He C4, Wang P3.(PubMed)
(6) Oral intake of purple passion fruit peel extract reduces pain and stiffness and improves physical function in adult patients with knee osteoarthritis by Farid R1, Rezaieyazdi Z, Mirfeizi Z, Hatef MR, Mirheidari M, Mansouri H, Esmaelli H, Bentley G, Lu Y, Foo Y, Watson RR.(PubMed)
(7) Functional ability, mobility, and pain before and after knee replacement in patients aged 75 and older: a cross-sectional study by Limnell K1, Jämsen E, Huhtala H, Jäntti P, Puolakka T, Jylhä M.(PubMed)
(70) Osteoarthritis: another component of metabolic syndrome? by Velasquez MT1, Katz JD.(PubMed)
(71) [Metabolic syndrome and a course of osteoarthrosis].[Article in Russian] by Korochina IE, Bagirova GG.(PubMed)
(72) Risk of cardiovascular disease in patients with osteoarthritis: a prospective longitudinal study. by Rahman MM1, Kopec JA, Anis AH, Cibere J, Goldsmith CH.(PubMed)
(73) Cardiovascular disease and osteoarthritis: common pathways and patient outcomes. by Fernandes GS1, Valdes AM.(PubMed)
(74) Risk of Type 2 Diabetes among Osteoarthritis Patients in a Prospective Longitudinal Study by Rahman MM1, Cibere J2, Anis AH3, Goldsmith CH4, Kopec JA5.(PubMed)
(75) Osteoarthritis—the impact of a serious disease by F. C. Breedveld
(76) Bone loss at subchondral plate in knee osteoarthritis patients with hypertension and type 2 diabetes mellitus. by Wen CY1, Chen Y, Tang HL, Yan CH, Lu WW, Chiu KY.(PubMed)
(77) The economic burden associated with osteoarthritis, rheumatoid arthritis, and hypertension: a comparative study. by Maetzel A1, Li LC, Pencharz J, Tomlinson G, Bombardier C; Community Hypertension and Arthritis Project Study Team.(PubMed)
(78) Association of atherosclerosis with presence and progression of osteoarthritis: the Rotterdam Study by Hoeven TA1, Kavousi M, Clockaerts S, Kerkhof HJ, van Meurs JB, Franco O, Hofman A, Bindels P, Witteman J, Bierma-Zeinstra S.(PubMed)
(79) Positive association between increased popliteal artery vessel wall thickness and generalized osteoarthritis: is OA also part of the metabolic syndrome? by Kornaat PR1, Sharma R, van der Geest RJ, Lamb HJ, Kloppenburg M, Hellio le Graverand MP, Bloem JL, Watt I.(PubMed)
(80) Asymptomatic peripheral vascular disease in total knee arthroplasty: preoperative prevalence and risk factors. by Park IH1, Lee SC, Park IS, Nam CH, Ahn HS, Park HY, Gondalia VH, Jung KA.(PubMed)
(81) Baseline factors associated with congestive heart failure in patients receiving etoricoxib or diclofenac: multivariate analysis of the MEDAL program by Krum H1, Curtis SP, Kaur A, Wang H, Smugar SS, Weir MR, Laine L, Brater DC, Cannon CP.(PubMed)
(82) Baseline factors associated with congestive heart failure in patients receiving etoricoxib or diclofenac: multivariate analysis of the MEDAL program by Krum H1, Curtis SP, Kaur A, Wang H, Smugar SS, Weir MR, Laine L, Brater DC, Cannon CP.(PubMed)
(83) Pain pharmacotherapy in patients with inflammatory arthritis and concurrent cardiovascular or renal disease: a Cochrane systematic review. by Marks JL1, van der Heijde DM, Colebatch AN, Buchbinder R, Edwards CJ.(PubMed)
(84) Urinary excretion of pyridinium crosslinks of collagen correlated with joint damage in arthritis by Astbury C1, Bird HA, McLaren AM, Robins SP.(PubMed)
(85) Diabetes-induced osteoarthritis: from a new paradigm to a new phenotype by Berenbaum F1.(PubMed)
(86) [Pulmonary infiltrates with blood eosinophilia in a 62-year-old patient].[Article in German] by Kohlhäufl M1, Weber N, Morresi-Hauf A, Geiger D, Raith H, Häussinger K.(PubMed)
(87) Radiographic osteoarthritis and serum cholesterol by Al-Arfaj AS1.(PubMed)
Wednesday, 1 March 2017
The Research and Studies of Musculo-Skeletal disorders(MSDs) - Osteoarthritis: The Risk Factors
Kyle J. Norton (Scholar)
Health article writer and researcher; Over 10.000 articles and research papers have been written and published on line, including world wide health, ezine articles, article base, healthblogs, selfgrowth, best before it's news, the karate GB daily, etc.,.
Named TOP 50 MEDICAL ESSAYS FOR ARTISTS & AUTHORS TO READ by Disilgold.com Named 50 of the best health Tweeters Canada - Huffington Post
Nominated for shorty award over last 4 years
Some articles have been used as references in medical research, such as international journal Pharma and Bio science, ISSN 0975-6299.
Musculoskeletal disorders (MSDs) are medical condition mostly caused by work related occupations and working environment, affecting patients’ muscles, joints, tendons, ligaments and nerves and developing over time. A community sample of 73 females and 32 males aged 85 and over underwent a standardised examination at home. Musculoskeletal pain was reported by 57% of those interviewed. A major restriction of joint movement range was frequent in the shoulder but uncommon in other joints(1).
Types of Musculo-Skeletal disorders in elder(2)
1. Osteoarthritis
2. Gout
3. Rheumatoid Arthritis
4. Polymalagia Arthritis
5. Cervical myleopathy and spinal canal stenosis
6. Osteoporosis
7. Low back pain
8. Fibromyalgia
Osteoarthritis
Osteoarthritis (OA), a form of arthritis, is defined as a condition of as a result of aging causes of wear and tear on a joint, affecting over 25 million people in the United States in alone. University of Porto Medical School indicated that one must understand the differences in prevalence and incidence estimates of osteoarthritis (OA), according to case definition, in knee, hip and hand joints(3).
The characteristics of osteoarthritis are aching pain(5), stiffness(6), or difficulty of moving the joint or joints(7). The pain usually gets worse in change of weather, at night and in the advanced diseases, the pain can occur even at rest(8). Today management of osteoarthritis (OA) focuses on pain relief and improved physical function through pharmacological, non pharmacological, and surgical treatments(4).
The Risk Factors
Aging changes in the musculoskeletal system contribute to the development of OA by making the joint more susceptible to the effects of other OA risk factors(39)(40)
1. Abnormal biomechanics
The biomechanics of the foot and ankle is important to the normal function of the lower extremity(42). Abnormal biomechanics can cause abnormal stress and eventual breakdown of connective tissue and muscle(42) of that can lead to early onset of Osteoarthritis (OA)(43).
2. Joint injury and obesity
According to the University of Calgary, joint injury and obesity were associated with an increased risk of OA of the knee and hip(44). Dr. Rogers LQ and the research team at the Southern Illinois University School of Medicine indicated that the high and low joint stress from physical activity (PA)
ate associated to reduce risk of the disease(45). In obesity, according to Duke University Medical Center, it is one of the most significant, and potentially most preventable, risk factors for the development of osteoarthritis due to a strong association between body mass index and osteoarthritis of the hip, knee, foot and hand(46)(47).
3. Age-related sarcopenia(48)(49) and increased bone turnover(49) have found to be associated to the development of OA(49). Other suggested that Osteoarthritis development in the injured joints is caused by pathways of joint-related mechanisms and deconditioning of the musculoskeletal system(50). As well as intra-articular pathogenic processes initiated at the time of injury(51).
4. Normal Aging
Normal aging in humans is associated with declines in skeletal muscle mass and strength and increased muscle fatigability (sarcopenia)(52).
5. Muscle strength
Reduced muscle strength due to ageing, injure or other conditions is regarded as a risk factor for pain and disability in osteoarthritis (OA)(53)(54).
6. Gender
Women are susceptible to the greater risk for the development of osteoarthritis (OA), but research in sex and gender differences in osteoarthritis to date, may not be appreciated by the orthopedic community, according to Mayo Clinic(56)(57)
7. Genetic
Asian are at higher risk to develop osteoarthritis, according to research of Praxisklinik für Unfallchirurgie und Orthopädie(57)(58), due to genetic polymorphisms associated with osteoarthritis and related end-points(58).
8. Deformation of bone
People who were born with defective joints or cartilage are at increased risk of developing osteoarthritis(59)(60).
9. Physical activity
People who involve in activity such as sport are at higher risk to develop osteoarthritis, if injure(61).
10. Occupations
Certain occupations are associated to the increased risk of osteoarthritis, especially to workers involving repetitive movements that stress on a particular joint(61)(62).
11. Deficiency in DNA repair
Progeroid human DNA repair syndrome trichothiodystrophy may be associated to the to the development of osteoarthritis(63).
12. Other diseases and conditions may have a higher risk of developing the condition.
a. Gout
Gout is a type of arthritis as a result of uric acid builds up in blood causes of joint inflammation(64). According to a total of 4249 completed questionnaires returned (32%) from 359 attendees, 164 cases of gout were clinically confirmed, there is highly significant association existed between the site of acute attacks of gout and the presence of OA(65).
b. Rheumatoid arthritis
Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic, systemic inflammatory disease, causing the attack of flexible (synovial) joints, inflammation of the surrounding tissues and many tissues and organs. Patients with heumatoid arthritis (RA) are associated to increase risk of OA due to progression of aging(66).
c. Paget’s disease of the bone
Paget’s disease of bone is a condition a chronic disorder of excessive and abnormal bone remodeling result in excessive breakdown and formation of bone tissue causing pain, misshapen bones, fractures, and arthritis in the joints near the affected bones(67) with prevalence trends of doubling each decade from the age of 50 onwards, causing bone pain, depending on skeletal sites involved and range from secondary osteoarthritis to malignant degeneration(68).
d. Septic arthritis
Septic arthritis is a condition of inflammation of a joint as a result of bacterial or fungal infection causes of osteoarthritis(69).
9. Etc.
Arthritis Is Curable
You Can Eliminate Osteoarthritis
By addressing the Underlying Causes through Clinical Trials and Studies
Ovarian Cysts And PCOS Elimination
Holistic System In Existence That Will Show You How To
Permanently Eliminate All Types of Ovarian Cysts Within 2 Months
Back to General health http://kylejnorton.blogspot.ca/p/general-health.html
Back to Kyle J. Norton Home page http://kylejnorton.blogspot.ca
References
(1) Prevalence of rheumatic symptoms, rheumatoid arthritis, ankylosing spondylitis, and gout in Shanghai, China: a COPCORD study by Dai SM1, Han XH, Zhao DB, Shi YQ, Liu Y, Meng JM.(PubMed)
(2) Musculoskeletal Disorders in the Elderly by Ramon Gheno, Juan M. Cepparo, Cristina E. Rosca,1 and Anne Cotten(PMC)
(3) The effect of osteoarthritis definition on prevalence and incidence estimates: a systematic review by Pereira D1, Peleteiro B, Araújo J, Branco J, Santos RA, Ramos E.(PubMed)
(4) Effect of therapeutic aquatic exercise on symptoms and function associated with lower limb osteoarthritis: systematic review with meta-analysis by Waller B1, Ogonowska-Slodownik A2, Vitor M3, Lambeck J4, Daly D5, Kujala UM6, Heinonen A7.(PubMed)
(5) Effects of therapeutic ultrasound on pain, physical functions and safety outcomes in patients with kneeosteoarthritis: A systematic review and meta-analysis by Zhang C1, Xie Y2, Luo X3, Ji Q3, Lu C3, He C4, Wang P3.(PubMed)
(6) Oral intake of purple passion fruit peel extract reduces pain and stiffness and improves physical function in adult patients with knee osteoarthritis by Farid R1, Rezaieyazdi Z, Mirfeizi Z, Hatef MR, Mirheidari M, Mansouri H, Esmaelli H, Bentley G, Lu Y, Foo Y, Watson RR.(PubMed)
(7) Functional ability, mobility, and pain before and after knee replacement in patients aged 75 and older: a cross-sectional study by Limnell K1, Jämsen E, Huhtala H, Jäntti P, Puolakka T, Jylhä M.(PubMed)
(34) Targets, models and challenges in osteoarthritis research by Thysen S1, Luyten FP2, Lories RJ3.(PubMed)
(35) Ecology of arthritis. by Peterson RO1, Vucetich JA, Fenton G, Drummer TD, Larsen CS.(PubMed)
(36) Handout on Health: Osteoarthritis(NIH)
(37) Age-related changes in the musculoskeletal system and the development of osteoarthritis. by Loeser RF1.(PubMed)
(38) Metabolic triggered inflammation in osteoarthritis by Wang X1, Hunter D2, Xu J3, Ding C4.(PubMed)
(39) [Osteoarthritis. Etiology, typing, staging and histological grading].[Article in German] by Söder S1, Aigner T.(PubMed)
(40) [Typing, grading and staging of osteoarthritis: histopathological assessment of joint degeneration].[Article in German] by Aigner T1, Söder S.(PubMed)
(41) Association of rheumatoid arthritis and primary osteoarthritis with changes in the glycosylation pattern of total serum IgG by Parekh RB, Dwek RA, Sutton BJ, Fernandes DL, Leung A, Stanworth D, Rademacher TW, Mizuochi T, Taniguchi T, Matsuta K, et al.(PubMed)
(42) Abnormal biomechanics of the foot and ankle by Donatelli RA.(PubMed)
(43) Lateral compartment osteoarthritis of the knee: Biomechanics and surgical management of end-stage disease by Scott CE1, Nutton RW, Biant LC.(PubMed)
(44) Are joint injury, sport activity, physical activity, obesity, or occupational activities predictors for osteoarthritis? A systematic review by Richmond SA1, Fukuchi RK, Ezzat A, Schneider K, Schneider G, Emery CA.(PubMed)
(45) The association between joint stress from physical activity and self-reported osteoarthritis: an analysis of the Cooper Clinic data by Rogers LQ1, Macera CA, Hootman JM, Ainsworth BE, Blairi SN.(PubMed)
(46) Why is obesity associated with osteoarthritis? Insights from mouse models of obesity by Griffin TM1, Guilak F.(PubMed)
(47) Diet-induced obesity differentially regulates behavioral, biomechanical, and molecular risk factors forosteoarthritis in mice by Griffin TM1, Fermor B, Huebner JL, Kraus VB, Rodriguiz RM, Wetsel WC, Cao L, Setton LA, Guilak F.(PubMed)
(48) Sarcopenia: a histological and immunohistochemical study on age-related muscle impairment. by Tarantino U1, Scimeca M2,3, Piccirilli E4, Tancredi V5, Baldi J4, Gasbarra E4, Bonanno E6.(PubMed)
(49) Age-related changes in the musculoskeletal system and the development of osteoarthritis by Loeser RF1.(PubMed)
(50) Joint injury causes knee osteoarthritis in young adults by Roos EM1.(PubMed)
(51) The long-term consequence of anterior cruciate ligament and meniscus injuries: osteoarthritis. by Lohmander LS1, Englund PM, Dahl LL, Roos EM.(PubMed)
(52) Age-Related Sarcopenia in Humans Is Associated with Reduced Synthetic Rates of Specific Muscle Proteins1,2 by D. N. Proctor, P. Balagopal*, and K. S. Nair*,3(The Journal of Nutrition)
(53) Muscle strength, pain and disability in patients with osteoarthritis by Steultjens MP1, Dekker J, van Baar ME, Oostendorp RA, Bijlsma JW.(PubMed)
(54) Effects of muscle-strength training on the functional status of patients with osteoarthritis of the knee joint by Schilke JM1, Johnson GO, Housh TJ, O'Dell JR.(PubMed)
(55) How do sex and gender affect knee OA? By Jennie McKee(AAOS)
(56) Osteoarthritis of the hip and knee: sex and gender differences by O'Connor MI1.(PubMed)
(57) [The prevalence of radiological osteoarthritis in relation to age, gender, birth-year cohort, and ethnic origins].[Article in German] by Spahn G1, Schiele R, Hofmann GO, Schiltenwolf M, Grifka J, Vaitl T, Schneider S, Liebers F, Klinger HM.(PubMed)
(58) The genetic epidemiology of osteoarthritis by Valdes AM1, Spector TD.(PubMed)
(59) Clinical significance of bone changes in osteoarthritis, Monitoring Editor: Gerolamo BianchiTuhina Neog(PMC)
(60) Mechanobiology: Cartilage and Chondrocyte edited by J. F. Stoltz
(61) Are joint injury, sport activity, physical activity, obesity, or occupational activities predictors for osteoarthritis? A systematic review. by Richmond SA1, Fukuchi RK, Ezzat A, Schneider K, Schneider G, Emery CA.(PubMed)
(62) Primary osteoarthritis and occupations: a national cross sectional survey of 10 412 symptomatic patients by Rossignol M1, Leclerc A, Hilliquin P, Allaert FA, Rozenberg S, Valat JP, Avouac B, Coste P, Savarieau B, Fautrel B.(PubMed)
(63) Analysis of osteoarthritis in a mouse model of the progeroid human DNA repair syndrome trichothiodystrophy by Botter SM1, Zar M, van Osch GJ, van Steeg H, Dollé ME, Hoeijmakers JH, Weinans H, van Leeuwen JP.(PubMed)
(64) Questions and Answers about Gout(NIH)
(65) Are joints affected by gout also affected by osteoarthritis? by Roddy E1, Zhang W, Doherty M.(PubMed)
(66) Patient compliance in rheumatoid arthritis, polymyalgia rheumatica, and gout by de Klerk E1, van der Heijde D, Landewé R, van der Tempel H, Urquhart J, van der Linden S.(PubMed)
(67) Paget's disease of bone(Wikipedia)
(68) Paget's disease of bone: a review by Colina M1, La Corte R, De Leonardis F, Trotta F.(PubMed)
(69) Septic arthritis complicating hip osteoarthritis by Donell S1, Williamson DM, Scott DL.(PubMed)
Health article writer and researcher; Over 10.000 articles and research papers have been written and published on line, including world wide health, ezine articles, article base, healthblogs, selfgrowth, best before it's news, the karate GB daily, etc.,.
Named TOP 50 MEDICAL ESSAYS FOR ARTISTS & AUTHORS TO READ by Disilgold.com Named 50 of the best health Tweeters Canada - Huffington Post
Nominated for shorty award over last 4 years
Some articles have been used as references in medical research, such as international journal Pharma and Bio science, ISSN 0975-6299.
Musculoskeletal disorders (MSDs) are medical condition mostly caused by work related occupations and working environment, affecting patients’ muscles, joints, tendons, ligaments and nerves and developing over time. A community sample of 73 females and 32 males aged 85 and over underwent a standardised examination at home. Musculoskeletal pain was reported by 57% of those interviewed. A major restriction of joint movement range was frequent in the shoulder but uncommon in other joints(1).
Types of Musculo-Skeletal disorders in elder(2)
1. Osteoarthritis
2. Gout
3. Rheumatoid Arthritis
4. Polymalagia Arthritis
5. Cervical myleopathy and spinal canal stenosis
6. Osteoporosis
7. Low back pain
8. Fibromyalgia
Osteoarthritis
Osteoarthritis (OA), a form of arthritis, is defined as a condition of as a result of aging causes of wear and tear on a joint, affecting over 25 million people in the United States in alone. University of Porto Medical School indicated that one must understand the differences in prevalence and incidence estimates of osteoarthritis (OA), according to case definition, in knee, hip and hand joints(3).
The characteristics of osteoarthritis are aching pain(5), stiffness(6), or difficulty of moving the joint or joints(7). The pain usually gets worse in change of weather, at night and in the advanced diseases, the pain can occur even at rest(8). Today management of osteoarthritis (OA) focuses on pain relief and improved physical function through pharmacological, non pharmacological, and surgical treatments(4).
The Risk Factors
Aging changes in the musculoskeletal system contribute to the development of OA by making the joint more susceptible to the effects of other OA risk factors(39)(40)
1. Abnormal biomechanics
The biomechanics of the foot and ankle is important to the normal function of the lower extremity(42). Abnormal biomechanics can cause abnormal stress and eventual breakdown of connective tissue and muscle(42) of that can lead to early onset of Osteoarthritis (OA)(43).
2. Joint injury and obesity
According to the University of Calgary, joint injury and obesity were associated with an increased risk of OA of the knee and hip(44). Dr. Rogers LQ and the research team at the Southern Illinois University School of Medicine indicated that the high and low joint stress from physical activity (PA)
ate associated to reduce risk of the disease(45). In obesity, according to Duke University Medical Center, it is one of the most significant, and potentially most preventable, risk factors for the development of osteoarthritis due to a strong association between body mass index and osteoarthritis of the hip, knee, foot and hand(46)(47).
3. Age-related sarcopenia(48)(49) and increased bone turnover(49) have found to be associated to the development of OA(49). Other suggested that Osteoarthritis development in the injured joints is caused by pathways of joint-related mechanisms and deconditioning of the musculoskeletal system(50). As well as intra-articular pathogenic processes initiated at the time of injury(51).
4. Normal Aging
Normal aging in humans is associated with declines in skeletal muscle mass and strength and increased muscle fatigability (sarcopenia)(52).
5. Muscle strength
Reduced muscle strength due to ageing, injure or other conditions is regarded as a risk factor for pain and disability in osteoarthritis (OA)(53)(54).
6. Gender
Women are susceptible to the greater risk for the development of osteoarthritis (OA), but research in sex and gender differences in osteoarthritis to date, may not be appreciated by the orthopedic community, according to Mayo Clinic(56)(57)
7. Genetic
Asian are at higher risk to develop osteoarthritis, according to research of Praxisklinik für Unfallchirurgie und Orthopädie(57)(58), due to genetic polymorphisms associated with osteoarthritis and related end-points(58).
8. Deformation of bone
People who were born with defective joints or cartilage are at increased risk of developing osteoarthritis(59)(60).
9. Physical activity
People who involve in activity such as sport are at higher risk to develop osteoarthritis, if injure(61).
10. Occupations
Certain occupations are associated to the increased risk of osteoarthritis, especially to workers involving repetitive movements that stress on a particular joint(61)(62).
11. Deficiency in DNA repair
Progeroid human DNA repair syndrome trichothiodystrophy may be associated to the to the development of osteoarthritis(63).
12. Other diseases and conditions may have a higher risk of developing the condition.
a. Gout
Gout is a type of arthritis as a result of uric acid builds up in blood causes of joint inflammation(64). According to a total of 4249 completed questionnaires returned (32%) from 359 attendees, 164 cases of gout were clinically confirmed, there is highly significant association existed between the site of acute attacks of gout and the presence of OA(65).
b. Rheumatoid arthritis
Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic, systemic inflammatory disease, causing the attack of flexible (synovial) joints, inflammation of the surrounding tissues and many tissues and organs. Patients with heumatoid arthritis (RA) are associated to increase risk of OA due to progression of aging(66).
c. Paget’s disease of the bone
Paget’s disease of bone is a condition a chronic disorder of excessive and abnormal bone remodeling result in excessive breakdown and formation of bone tissue causing pain, misshapen bones, fractures, and arthritis in the joints near the affected bones(67) with prevalence trends of doubling each decade from the age of 50 onwards, causing bone pain, depending on skeletal sites involved and range from secondary osteoarthritis to malignant degeneration(68).
d. Septic arthritis
Septic arthritis is a condition of inflammation of a joint as a result of bacterial or fungal infection causes of osteoarthritis(69).
9. Etc.
Arthritis Is Curable
You Can Eliminate Osteoarthritis
By addressing the Underlying Causes through Clinical Trials and Studies
Ovarian Cysts And PCOS Elimination
Holistic System In Existence That Will Show You How To
Permanently Eliminate All Types of Ovarian Cysts Within 2 Months
Back to General health http://kylejnorton.blogspot.ca/p/general-health.html
Back to Kyle J. Norton Home page http://kylejnorton.blogspot.ca
References
(1) Prevalence of rheumatic symptoms, rheumatoid arthritis, ankylosing spondylitis, and gout in Shanghai, China: a COPCORD study by Dai SM1, Han XH, Zhao DB, Shi YQ, Liu Y, Meng JM.(PubMed)
(2) Musculoskeletal Disorders in the Elderly by Ramon Gheno, Juan M. Cepparo, Cristina E. Rosca,1 and Anne Cotten(PMC)
(3) The effect of osteoarthritis definition on prevalence and incidence estimates: a systematic review by Pereira D1, Peleteiro B, Araújo J, Branco J, Santos RA, Ramos E.(PubMed)
(4) Effect of therapeutic aquatic exercise on symptoms and function associated with lower limb osteoarthritis: systematic review with meta-analysis by Waller B1, Ogonowska-Slodownik A2, Vitor M3, Lambeck J4, Daly D5, Kujala UM6, Heinonen A7.(PubMed)
(5) Effects of therapeutic ultrasound on pain, physical functions and safety outcomes in patients with kneeosteoarthritis: A systematic review and meta-analysis by Zhang C1, Xie Y2, Luo X3, Ji Q3, Lu C3, He C4, Wang P3.(PubMed)
(6) Oral intake of purple passion fruit peel extract reduces pain and stiffness and improves physical function in adult patients with knee osteoarthritis by Farid R1, Rezaieyazdi Z, Mirfeizi Z, Hatef MR, Mirheidari M, Mansouri H, Esmaelli H, Bentley G, Lu Y, Foo Y, Watson RR.(PubMed)
(7) Functional ability, mobility, and pain before and after knee replacement in patients aged 75 and older: a cross-sectional study by Limnell K1, Jämsen E, Huhtala H, Jäntti P, Puolakka T, Jylhä M.(PubMed)
(34) Targets, models and challenges in osteoarthritis research by Thysen S1, Luyten FP2, Lories RJ3.(PubMed)
(35) Ecology of arthritis. by Peterson RO1, Vucetich JA, Fenton G, Drummer TD, Larsen CS.(PubMed)
(36) Handout on Health: Osteoarthritis(NIH)
(37) Age-related changes in the musculoskeletal system and the development of osteoarthritis. by Loeser RF1.(PubMed)
(38) Metabolic triggered inflammation in osteoarthritis by Wang X1, Hunter D2, Xu J3, Ding C4.(PubMed)
(39) [Osteoarthritis. Etiology, typing, staging and histological grading].[Article in German] by Söder S1, Aigner T.(PubMed)
(40) [Typing, grading and staging of osteoarthritis: histopathological assessment of joint degeneration].[Article in German] by Aigner T1, Söder S.(PubMed)
(41) Association of rheumatoid arthritis and primary osteoarthritis with changes in the glycosylation pattern of total serum IgG by Parekh RB, Dwek RA, Sutton BJ, Fernandes DL, Leung A, Stanworth D, Rademacher TW, Mizuochi T, Taniguchi T, Matsuta K, et al.(PubMed)
(42) Abnormal biomechanics of the foot and ankle by Donatelli RA.(PubMed)
(43) Lateral compartment osteoarthritis of the knee: Biomechanics and surgical management of end-stage disease by Scott CE1, Nutton RW, Biant LC.(PubMed)
(44) Are joint injury, sport activity, physical activity, obesity, or occupational activities predictors for osteoarthritis? A systematic review by Richmond SA1, Fukuchi RK, Ezzat A, Schneider K, Schneider G, Emery CA.(PubMed)
(45) The association between joint stress from physical activity and self-reported osteoarthritis: an analysis of the Cooper Clinic data by Rogers LQ1, Macera CA, Hootman JM, Ainsworth BE, Blairi SN.(PubMed)
(46) Why is obesity associated with osteoarthritis? Insights from mouse models of obesity by Griffin TM1, Guilak F.(PubMed)
(47) Diet-induced obesity differentially regulates behavioral, biomechanical, and molecular risk factors forosteoarthritis in mice by Griffin TM1, Fermor B, Huebner JL, Kraus VB, Rodriguiz RM, Wetsel WC, Cao L, Setton LA, Guilak F.(PubMed)
(48) Sarcopenia: a histological and immunohistochemical study on age-related muscle impairment. by Tarantino U1, Scimeca M2,3, Piccirilli E4, Tancredi V5, Baldi J4, Gasbarra E4, Bonanno E6.(PubMed)
(49) Age-related changes in the musculoskeletal system and the development of osteoarthritis by Loeser RF1.(PubMed)
(50) Joint injury causes knee osteoarthritis in young adults by Roos EM1.(PubMed)
(51) The long-term consequence of anterior cruciate ligament and meniscus injuries: osteoarthritis. by Lohmander LS1, Englund PM, Dahl LL, Roos EM.(PubMed)
(52) Age-Related Sarcopenia in Humans Is Associated with Reduced Synthetic Rates of Specific Muscle Proteins1,2 by D. N. Proctor, P. Balagopal*, and K. S. Nair*,3(The Journal of Nutrition)
(53) Muscle strength, pain and disability in patients with osteoarthritis by Steultjens MP1, Dekker J, van Baar ME, Oostendorp RA, Bijlsma JW.(PubMed)
(54) Effects of muscle-strength training on the functional status of patients with osteoarthritis of the knee joint by Schilke JM1, Johnson GO, Housh TJ, O'Dell JR.(PubMed)
(55) How do sex and gender affect knee OA? By Jennie McKee(AAOS)
(56) Osteoarthritis of the hip and knee: sex and gender differences by O'Connor MI1.(PubMed)
(57) [The prevalence of radiological osteoarthritis in relation to age, gender, birth-year cohort, and ethnic origins].[Article in German] by Spahn G1, Schiele R, Hofmann GO, Schiltenwolf M, Grifka J, Vaitl T, Schneider S, Liebers F, Klinger HM.(PubMed)
(58) The genetic epidemiology of osteoarthritis by Valdes AM1, Spector TD.(PubMed)
(59) Clinical significance of bone changes in osteoarthritis, Monitoring Editor: Gerolamo BianchiTuhina Neog(PMC)
(60) Mechanobiology: Cartilage and Chondrocyte edited by J. F. Stoltz
(61) Are joint injury, sport activity, physical activity, obesity, or occupational activities predictors for osteoarthritis? A systematic review. by Richmond SA1, Fukuchi RK, Ezzat A, Schneider K, Schneider G, Emery CA.(PubMed)
(62) Primary osteoarthritis and occupations: a national cross sectional survey of 10 412 symptomatic patients by Rossignol M1, Leclerc A, Hilliquin P, Allaert FA, Rozenberg S, Valat JP, Avouac B, Coste P, Savarieau B, Fautrel B.(PubMed)
(63) Analysis of osteoarthritis in a mouse model of the progeroid human DNA repair syndrome trichothiodystrophy by Botter SM1, Zar M, van Osch GJ, van Steeg H, Dollé ME, Hoeijmakers JH, Weinans H, van Leeuwen JP.(PubMed)
(64) Questions and Answers about Gout(NIH)
(65) Are joints affected by gout also affected by osteoarthritis? by Roddy E1, Zhang W, Doherty M.(PubMed)
(66) Patient compliance in rheumatoid arthritis, polymyalgia rheumatica, and gout by de Klerk E1, van der Heijde D, Landewé R, van der Tempel H, Urquhart J, van der Linden S.(PubMed)
(67) Paget's disease of bone(Wikipedia)
(68) Paget's disease of bone: a review by Colina M1, La Corte R, De Leonardis F, Trotta F.(PubMed)
(69) Septic arthritis complicating hip osteoarthritis by Donell S1, Williamson DM, Scott DL.(PubMed)
Tuesday, 28 February 2017
The Research and Studies of Musculo-Skeletal disorders(MSDs) - Osteoarthritis: The Causes
Kyle J. Norton (Scholar)
Health article writer and researcher; Over 10.000 articles and research papers have been written and published on line, including world wide health, ezine articles, article base, healthblogs, selfgrowth, best before it's news, the karate GB daily, etc.,.
Named TOP 50 MEDICAL ESSAYS FOR ARTISTS & AUTHORS TO READ by Disilgold.com Named 50 of the best health Tweeters Canada - Huffington Post
Nominated for shorty award over last 4 years
Some articles have been used as references in medical research, such as international journal Pharma and Bio science, ISSN 0975-6299.
Musculoskeletal disorders (MSDs) are medical condition mostly caused by work related occupations and working environment, affecting patients’ muscles, joints, tendons, ligaments and nerves and developing over time. A community sample of 73 females and 32 males aged 85 and over underwent a standardised examination at home. Musculoskeletal pain was reported by 57% of those interviewed. A major restriction of joint movement range was frequent in the shoulder but uncommon in other joints(1).
Types of Musculo-Skeletal disorders in elder(2)
1. Osteoarthritis
2. Gout
3. Rheumatoid Arthritis
4. Polymalagia Arthritis
5. Cervical myleopathy and spinal canal stenosis
6. Osteoporosis
7. Low back pain
8. Fibromyalgia
Osteoarthritis
Osteoarthritis (OA), a form of arthritis, is defined as a condition of as a result of aging causes of wear and tear on a joint, affecting over 25 million people in the United States in alone. University of Porto Medical School indicated that one must understand the differences in prevalence and incidence estimates of osteoarthritis (OA), according to case definition, in knee, hip and hand joints(3).
The characteristics of osteoarthritis are aching pain(5), stiffness(6), or difficulty of moving the joint or joints(7). The pain usually gets worse in change of weather, at night and in the advanced diseases, the pain can occur even at rest(8). Today management of osteoarthritis (OA) focuses on pain relief and improved physical function through pharmacological, non pharmacological, and surgical treatments(4).
The Causes
1. Process of wear and repair
Osteoarthritis (OA), a widespread degenerative disease of skeletal joints(34) and is often associated with senescence in vertebrates. arising from long term wear and tear, heavy long-term use or specific injuries(35). Improper repair process of injure of joints can also result of symptoms of Osteoarthritis (OA)(36) in old age(37), according to TCM.
2. Nutrient deficiency and overload
Poor nutritional conditions experienced early in life are linked to greater prevalence of osteoarthritis (OA)(35)(38), such as vitamin D. On the other hand, nutrient overload and metabolic surplus, such as obesity may contribute to early onset of osteoarthritis (OA)(38).
3. Cartilage
Cartilage is a flexible connective tissue cushioned the ends of bones in your joints and allowed the joints to move smoothly. Rough or wears down cartilage due to aging or damage can causes pain due to bone in the joint rubbing against another bone(39)(40).
The above causes of Osteoarthritis (OA) may also be the result of injure(35), overuse(15)(16), Rheumatoid Arthritis(41), etc.
4. Etc.
Arthritis Is Curable
You Can Eliminate Osteoarthritis
By addressing the Underlying Causes through Clinical Trials and Studies
Ovarian Cysts And PCOS Elimination
Holistic System In Existence That Will Show You How To
Permanently Eliminate All Types of Ovarian Cysts Within 2 Months
Back to General health http://kylejnorton.blogspot.ca/p/general-health.html
Back to Kyle J. Norton Home page http://kylejnorton.blogspot.ca
References
(1) Prevalence of rheumatic symptoms, rheumatoid arthritis, ankylosing spondylitis, and gout in Shanghai, China: a COPCORD study by Dai SM1, Han XH, Zhao DB, Shi YQ, Liu Y, Meng JM.(PubMed)
(2) Musculoskeletal Disorders in the Elderly by Ramon Gheno, Juan M. Cepparo, Cristina E. Rosca,1 and Anne Cotten(PMC)
(3) The effect of osteoarthritis definition on prevalence and incidence estimates: a systematic review by Pereira D1, Peleteiro B, Araújo J, Branco J, Santos RA, Ramos E.(PubMed)
(4) Effect of therapeutic aquatic exercise on symptoms and function associated with lower limb osteoarthritis: systematic review with meta-analysis by Waller B1, Ogonowska-Slodownik A2, Vitor M3, Lambeck J4, Daly D5, Kujala UM6, Heinonen A7.(PubMed)
(5) Effects of therapeutic ultrasound on pain, physical functions and safety outcomes in patients with kneeosteoarthritis: A systematic review and meta-analysis by Zhang C1, Xie Y2, Luo X3, Ji Q3, Lu C3, He C4, Wang P3.(PubMed)
(6) Oral intake of purple passion fruit peel extract reduces pain and stiffness and improves physical function in adult patients with knee osteoarthritis by Farid R1, Rezaieyazdi Z, Mirfeizi Z, Hatef MR, Mirheidari M, Mansouri H, Esmaelli H, Bentley G, Lu Y, Foo Y, Watson RR.(PubMed)
(7) Functional ability, mobility, and pain before and after knee replacement in patients aged 75 and older: a cross-sectional study by Limnell K1, Jämsen E, Huhtala H, Jäntti P, Puolakka T, Jylhä M.(PubMed)
(34) Targets, models and challenges in osteoarthritis research by Thysen S1, Luyten FP2, Lories RJ3.(PubMed)
(35) Ecology of arthritis. by Peterson RO1, Vucetich JA, Fenton G, Drummer TD, Larsen CS.(PubMed)
(36) Handout on Health: Osteoarthritis(NIH)
(37) Age-related changes in the musculoskeletal system and the development of osteoarthritis. by Loeser RF1.(PubMed)
(38) Metabolic triggered inflammation in osteoarthritis by Wang X1, Hunter D2, Xu J3, Ding C4.(PubMed)
(39) [Osteoarthritis. Etiology, typing, staging and histological grading].[Article in German] by Söder S1, Aigner T.(PubMed)
(40) [Typing, grading and staging of osteoarthritis: histopathological assessment of joint degeneration].[Article in German] by Aigner T1, Söder S.(PubMed)
(41) Association of rheumatoid arthritis and primary osteoarthritis with changes in the glycosylation pattern of total serum IgG by Parekh RB, Dwek RA, Sutton BJ, Fernandes DL, Leung A, Stanworth D, Rademacher TW, Mizuochi T, Taniguchi T, Matsuta K, et al.(PubMed)
(42) Abnormal biomechanics of the foot and ankle by Donatelli RA.(PubMed)
(43) Lateral compartment osteoarthritis of the knee: Biomechanics and surgical management of end-stage disease by Scott CE1, Nutton RW, Biant LC.(PubMed)
(44) Are joint injury, sport activity, physical activity, obesity, or occupational activities predictors for osteoarthritis? A systematic review by Richmond SA1, Fukuchi RK, Ezzat A, Schneider K, Schneider G, Emery CA.(PubMed)
(45) The association between joint stress from physical activity and self-reported osteoarthritis: an analysis of the Cooper Clinic data by Rogers LQ1, Macera CA, Hootman JM, Ainsworth BE, Blairi SN.(PubMed)
(46) Why is obesity associated with osteoarthritis? Insights from mouse models of obesity by Griffin TM1, Guilak F.(PubMed)
(47) Diet-induced obesity differentially regulates behavioral, biomechanical, and molecular risk factors forosteoarthritis in mice by Griffin TM1, Fermor B, Huebner JL, Kraus VB, Rodriguiz RM, Wetsel WC, Cao L, Setton LA, Guilak F.(PubMed)
(48) Sarcopenia: a histological and immunohistochemical study on age-related muscle impairment. by Tarantino U1, Scimeca M2,3, Piccirilli E4, Tancredi V5, Baldi J4, Gasbarra E4, Bonanno E6.(PubMed)
(49) Age-related changes in the musculoskeletal system and the development of osteoarthritis by Loeser RF1.(PubMed)
(50) Joint injury causes knee osteoarthritis in young adults by Roos EM1.(PubMed)
(51) The long-term consequence of anterior cruciate ligament and meniscus injuries: osteoarthritis. by Lohmander LS1, Englund PM, Dahl LL, Roos EM.(PubMed)
(52) Age-Related Sarcopenia in Humans Is Associated with Reduced Synthetic Rates of Specific Muscle Proteins1,2 by D. N. Proctor, P. Balagopal*, and K. S. Nair*,3(The Journal of Nutrition)
(53) Muscle strength, pain and disability in patients with osteoarthritis by Steultjens MP1, Dekker J, van Baar ME, Oostendorp RA, Bijlsma JW.(PubMed)
(54) Effects of muscle-strength training on the functional status of patients with osteoarthritis of the knee joint by Schilke JM1, Johnson GO, Housh TJ, O'Dell JR.(PubMed)
(55) How do sex and gender affect knee OA? By Jennie McKee(AAOS)
(56) Osteoarthritis of the hip and knee: sex and gender differences by O'Connor MI1.(PubMed)
(57) [The prevalence of radiological osteoarthritis in relation to age, gender, birth-year cohort, and ethnic origins].[Article in German] by Spahn G1, Schiele R, Hofmann GO, Schiltenwolf M, Grifka J, Vaitl T, Schneider S, Liebers F, Klinger HM.(PubMed)
(58) The genetic epidemiology of osteoarthritis by Valdes AM1, Spector TD.(PubMed)
(59) Clinical significance of bone changes in osteoarthritis, Monitoring Editor: Gerolamo BianchiTuhina Neog(PMC)
(60) Mechanobiology: Cartilage and Chondrocyte edited by J. F. Stoltz
(61) Are joint injury, sport activity, physical activity, obesity, or occupational activities predictors for osteoarthritis? A systematic review. by Richmond SA1, Fukuchi RK, Ezzat A, Schneider K, Schneider G, Emery CA.(PubMed)
(62) Primary osteoarthritis and occupations: a national cross sectional survey of 10 412 symptomatic patients by Rossignol M1, Leclerc A, Hilliquin P, Allaert FA, Rozenberg S, Valat JP, Avouac B, Coste P, Savarieau B, Fautrel B.(PubMed)
(63) Analysis of osteoarthritis in a mouse model of the progeroid human DNA repair syndrome trichothiodystrophy by Botter SM1, Zar M, van Osch GJ, van Steeg H, Dollé ME, Hoeijmakers JH, Weinans H, van Leeuwen JP.(PubMed)
(64) Questions and Answers about Gout(NIH)
(65) Are joints affected by gout also affected by osteoarthritis? by Roddy E1, Zhang W, Doherty M.(PubMed)
(66) Patient compliance in rheumatoid arthritis, polymyalgia rheumatica, and gout by de Klerk E1, van der Heijde D, Landewé R, van der Tempel H, Urquhart J, van der Linden S.(PubMed)
(67) Paget's disease of bone(Wikipedia)
(68) Paget's disease of bone: a review by Colina M1, La Corte R, De Leonardis F, Trotta F.(PubMed)
(69) Septic arthritis complicating hip osteoarthritis by Donell S1, Williamson DM, Scott DL.(PubMed)
Health article writer and researcher; Over 10.000 articles and research papers have been written and published on line, including world wide health, ezine articles, article base, healthblogs, selfgrowth, best before it's news, the karate GB daily, etc.,.
Named TOP 50 MEDICAL ESSAYS FOR ARTISTS & AUTHORS TO READ by Disilgold.com Named 50 of the best health Tweeters Canada - Huffington Post
Nominated for shorty award over last 4 years
Some articles have been used as references in medical research, such as international journal Pharma and Bio science, ISSN 0975-6299.
Musculoskeletal disorders (MSDs) are medical condition mostly caused by work related occupations and working environment, affecting patients’ muscles, joints, tendons, ligaments and nerves and developing over time. A community sample of 73 females and 32 males aged 85 and over underwent a standardised examination at home. Musculoskeletal pain was reported by 57% of those interviewed. A major restriction of joint movement range was frequent in the shoulder but uncommon in other joints(1).
Types of Musculo-Skeletal disorders in elder(2)
1. Osteoarthritis
2. Gout
3. Rheumatoid Arthritis
4. Polymalagia Arthritis
5. Cervical myleopathy and spinal canal stenosis
6. Osteoporosis
7. Low back pain
8. Fibromyalgia
Osteoarthritis
Osteoarthritis (OA), a form of arthritis, is defined as a condition of as a result of aging causes of wear and tear on a joint, affecting over 25 million people in the United States in alone. University of Porto Medical School indicated that one must understand the differences in prevalence and incidence estimates of osteoarthritis (OA), according to case definition, in knee, hip and hand joints(3).
The characteristics of osteoarthritis are aching pain(5), stiffness(6), or difficulty of moving the joint or joints(7). The pain usually gets worse in change of weather, at night and in the advanced diseases, the pain can occur even at rest(8). Today management of osteoarthritis (OA) focuses on pain relief and improved physical function through pharmacological, non pharmacological, and surgical treatments(4).
The Causes
1. Process of wear and repair
Osteoarthritis (OA), a widespread degenerative disease of skeletal joints(34) and is often associated with senescence in vertebrates. arising from long term wear and tear, heavy long-term use or specific injuries(35). Improper repair process of injure of joints can also result of symptoms of Osteoarthritis (OA)(36) in old age(37), according to TCM.
2. Nutrient deficiency and overload
Poor nutritional conditions experienced early in life are linked to greater prevalence of osteoarthritis (OA)(35)(38), such as vitamin D. On the other hand, nutrient overload and metabolic surplus, such as obesity may contribute to early onset of osteoarthritis (OA)(38).
3. Cartilage
Cartilage is a flexible connective tissue cushioned the ends of bones in your joints and allowed the joints to move smoothly. Rough or wears down cartilage due to aging or damage can causes pain due to bone in the joint rubbing against another bone(39)(40).
The above causes of Osteoarthritis (OA) may also be the result of injure(35), overuse(15)(16), Rheumatoid Arthritis(41), etc.
4. Etc.
You Can Eliminate Osteoarthritis
By addressing the Underlying Causes through Clinical Trials and Studies
Ovarian Cysts And PCOS Elimination
Holistic System In Existence That Will Show You How To
Permanently Eliminate All Types of Ovarian Cysts Within 2 Months
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References
(1) Prevalence of rheumatic symptoms, rheumatoid arthritis, ankylosing spondylitis, and gout in Shanghai, China: a COPCORD study by Dai SM1, Han XH, Zhao DB, Shi YQ, Liu Y, Meng JM.(PubMed)
(2) Musculoskeletal Disorders in the Elderly by Ramon Gheno, Juan M. Cepparo, Cristina E. Rosca,1 and Anne Cotten(PMC)
(3) The effect of osteoarthritis definition on prevalence and incidence estimates: a systematic review by Pereira D1, Peleteiro B, Araújo J, Branco J, Santos RA, Ramos E.(PubMed)
(4) Effect of therapeutic aquatic exercise on symptoms and function associated with lower limb osteoarthritis: systematic review with meta-analysis by Waller B1, Ogonowska-Slodownik A2, Vitor M3, Lambeck J4, Daly D5, Kujala UM6, Heinonen A7.(PubMed)
(5) Effects of therapeutic ultrasound on pain, physical functions and safety outcomes in patients with kneeosteoarthritis: A systematic review and meta-analysis by Zhang C1, Xie Y2, Luo X3, Ji Q3, Lu C3, He C4, Wang P3.(PubMed)
(6) Oral intake of purple passion fruit peel extract reduces pain and stiffness and improves physical function in adult patients with knee osteoarthritis by Farid R1, Rezaieyazdi Z, Mirfeizi Z, Hatef MR, Mirheidari M, Mansouri H, Esmaelli H, Bentley G, Lu Y, Foo Y, Watson RR.(PubMed)
(7) Functional ability, mobility, and pain before and after knee replacement in patients aged 75 and older: a cross-sectional study by Limnell K1, Jämsen E, Huhtala H, Jäntti P, Puolakka T, Jylhä M.(PubMed)
(34) Targets, models and challenges in osteoarthritis research by Thysen S1, Luyten FP2, Lories RJ3.(PubMed)
(35) Ecology of arthritis. by Peterson RO1, Vucetich JA, Fenton G, Drummer TD, Larsen CS.(PubMed)
(36) Handout on Health: Osteoarthritis(NIH)
(37) Age-related changes in the musculoskeletal system and the development of osteoarthritis. by Loeser RF1.(PubMed)
(38) Metabolic triggered inflammation in osteoarthritis by Wang X1, Hunter D2, Xu J3, Ding C4.(PubMed)
(39) [Osteoarthritis. Etiology, typing, staging and histological grading].[Article in German] by Söder S1, Aigner T.(PubMed)
(40) [Typing, grading and staging of osteoarthritis: histopathological assessment of joint degeneration].[Article in German] by Aigner T1, Söder S.(PubMed)
(41) Association of rheumatoid arthritis and primary osteoarthritis with changes in the glycosylation pattern of total serum IgG by Parekh RB, Dwek RA, Sutton BJ, Fernandes DL, Leung A, Stanworth D, Rademacher TW, Mizuochi T, Taniguchi T, Matsuta K, et al.(PubMed)
(42) Abnormal biomechanics of the foot and ankle by Donatelli RA.(PubMed)
(43) Lateral compartment osteoarthritis of the knee: Biomechanics and surgical management of end-stage disease by Scott CE1, Nutton RW, Biant LC.(PubMed)
(44) Are joint injury, sport activity, physical activity, obesity, or occupational activities predictors for osteoarthritis? A systematic review by Richmond SA1, Fukuchi RK, Ezzat A, Schneider K, Schneider G, Emery CA.(PubMed)
(45) The association between joint stress from physical activity and self-reported osteoarthritis: an analysis of the Cooper Clinic data by Rogers LQ1, Macera CA, Hootman JM, Ainsworth BE, Blairi SN.(PubMed)
(46) Why is obesity associated with osteoarthritis? Insights from mouse models of obesity by Griffin TM1, Guilak F.(PubMed)
(47) Diet-induced obesity differentially regulates behavioral, biomechanical, and molecular risk factors forosteoarthritis in mice by Griffin TM1, Fermor B, Huebner JL, Kraus VB, Rodriguiz RM, Wetsel WC, Cao L, Setton LA, Guilak F.(PubMed)
(48) Sarcopenia: a histological and immunohistochemical study on age-related muscle impairment. by Tarantino U1, Scimeca M2,3, Piccirilli E4, Tancredi V5, Baldi J4, Gasbarra E4, Bonanno E6.(PubMed)
(49) Age-related changes in the musculoskeletal system and the development of osteoarthritis by Loeser RF1.(PubMed)
(50) Joint injury causes knee osteoarthritis in young adults by Roos EM1.(PubMed)
(51) The long-term consequence of anterior cruciate ligament and meniscus injuries: osteoarthritis. by Lohmander LS1, Englund PM, Dahl LL, Roos EM.(PubMed)
(52) Age-Related Sarcopenia in Humans Is Associated with Reduced Synthetic Rates of Specific Muscle Proteins1,2 by D. N. Proctor, P. Balagopal*, and K. S. Nair*,3(The Journal of Nutrition)
(53) Muscle strength, pain and disability in patients with osteoarthritis by Steultjens MP1, Dekker J, van Baar ME, Oostendorp RA, Bijlsma JW.(PubMed)
(54) Effects of muscle-strength training on the functional status of patients with osteoarthritis of the knee joint by Schilke JM1, Johnson GO, Housh TJ, O'Dell JR.(PubMed)
(55) How do sex and gender affect knee OA? By Jennie McKee(AAOS)
(56) Osteoarthritis of the hip and knee: sex and gender differences by O'Connor MI1.(PubMed)
(57) [The prevalence of radiological osteoarthritis in relation to age, gender, birth-year cohort, and ethnic origins].[Article in German] by Spahn G1, Schiele R, Hofmann GO, Schiltenwolf M, Grifka J, Vaitl T, Schneider S, Liebers F, Klinger HM.(PubMed)
(58) The genetic epidemiology of osteoarthritis by Valdes AM1, Spector TD.(PubMed)
(59) Clinical significance of bone changes in osteoarthritis, Monitoring Editor: Gerolamo BianchiTuhina Neog(PMC)
(60) Mechanobiology: Cartilage and Chondrocyte edited by J. F. Stoltz
(61) Are joint injury, sport activity, physical activity, obesity, or occupational activities predictors for osteoarthritis? A systematic review. by Richmond SA1, Fukuchi RK, Ezzat A, Schneider K, Schneider G, Emery CA.(PubMed)
(62) Primary osteoarthritis and occupations: a national cross sectional survey of 10 412 symptomatic patients by Rossignol M1, Leclerc A, Hilliquin P, Allaert FA, Rozenberg S, Valat JP, Avouac B, Coste P, Savarieau B, Fautrel B.(PubMed)
(63) Analysis of osteoarthritis in a mouse model of the progeroid human DNA repair syndrome trichothiodystrophy by Botter SM1, Zar M, van Osch GJ, van Steeg H, Dollé ME, Hoeijmakers JH, Weinans H, van Leeuwen JP.(PubMed)
(64) Questions and Answers about Gout(NIH)
(65) Are joints affected by gout also affected by osteoarthritis? by Roddy E1, Zhang W, Doherty M.(PubMed)
(66) Patient compliance in rheumatoid arthritis, polymyalgia rheumatica, and gout by de Klerk E1, van der Heijde D, Landewé R, van der Tempel H, Urquhart J, van der Linden S.(PubMed)
(67) Paget's disease of bone(Wikipedia)
(68) Paget's disease of bone: a review by Colina M1, La Corte R, De Leonardis F, Trotta F.(PubMed)
(69) Septic arthritis complicating hip osteoarthritis by Donell S1, Williamson DM, Scott DL.(PubMed)
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