Friday, 8 August 2014

The Tongue appreciated recipe: Home style 5 spice mix

 Recipe contributed by 125 Chinese recipes with Bill Jones and Stephen Wong

2 tbsp. fennel seeds
2 tbsp. clove sticks
2 tbsp. star rinse
2 tbsp. Szechuan peppercorns
2 cinnamon sticks
1. In a nonstick pan over medium heat, cook the spices, shaking the pan constantly. When the pan just begins to smoke, remove from heat transfer contents to a place to cool.
2 In a small coffee or spice grinder (you can also use a mortar and pestle or blender or food processor) grind spices until a fine powder is obtained. transfer to a small, sealable plastic container and reserve until needed

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Thursday, 7 August 2014

Obesity Complication of Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease

By Kyle J. Norton

 Obesity is defined as a medical condition of excess body fat has accumulated overtime, while overweight is a condition of excess body weight relatively to the height. According to the Body Mass Index(BMI), a BMI between 25 to 29.9 is considered over weight, while a BMI of over 30 is an indication of obesity. According to the statistic, 68% of American population are either overweight or obese.

 How to calculate your BMI index
BMI= weight (kg)/ height (m2)

Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease is defined as a condition of the fatty liver diseases as a result of accumulated of fat in the liver, not caused by abusive alcohol consumption. According to the study of "Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease An Underrecognized Cause of Cryptogenic Cirrhosis" by Jeanne M. Clark, MD, MPH, Anna Mae Diehl, MD, posted in The Journals of the American Medical Association, researchers indicated in abstract that Cryptogenic cirrhosis is a common cause of liver-related morbidity and mortality in the United States. Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is now recognized as the most common cause of cryptogenic cirrhosis.

 How Obesity associates with Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease
1, In atudy of "A new risk factor for the development of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease: HLA complex genes" by Celıkbılek M, Selçuk H, Yilmaz U., posted in PubMed, researchers indicated that To reduce the influence of possible confounding factors, we excluded diseases known to be associated with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease like obesity, diabetes mellitus, coronary artery disease, hyperlipidemia, and metabolic syndrome. Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease was diagnosed in 66 individuals (33 male, median age: 53.8 [range, 32-77 years]) by means of ultrasonography data, and 50 individuals, whose ultrasonography data did not show hepatosteatosis, comprised the control group (20 male, median age: 44.6 [range, 26-71 years]). Results: Human leukocyte antigen-B65 (28.8% vs 0%, p<0.001) and DQ5 (40.7% vs 16.1%, p<0.05) were found to be expressed significantly more in non-alcoholic fatty liver disease compared with controls. Serum alanine aminotransferase (27.1 IU/L vs 20 IU/L, p<0.05) was significantly higher in the study group. Conclusions: Our preliminary study suggests that human leukocyte antigen plays a role in the pathogenesis of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease; however, more studies are needed to clarify these data.

2. In a study of "Non-alcoholic steatohepatitis in children" by Nanda K., posted in PubMed, researchers indicated that Obesity has emerged as a significant new health problem in the pediatric population. Non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH),..., A system of grading depending on degree of steatosis and/or inflammation and staging depending on the extent of fibrosis has also been proposed. Although there is no consensus for the treatment for NASH, effort needs to be made to prevent development of fibrosis, which results in cirrhosis and portal hypertension. Slow, consistent weight loss has been shown to be effective in childhood NAFLD, based on improvement of serum aminotransferases or liver sonogram. A low glycemic index diet has been shown to be more effective than a low fat diet in lowering BMI.

3. According to the study of "[Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease--new view]" [Article in Polish], by Raszeja-Wyszomirska J, Lawniczak M, Marlicz W, Miezyńska-Kurtycz J, Milkiewicz P., posted in PubMed, researchers found that The most important therapeutic measure is increasing insulin sensitivity by an attempt to change a lifestyle mostly by dieting and physical activity in order to loose weight. The most used agent is metformin, the others are under controlled trials or their effectiveness is low. NASH is not a common indication for liver transplantation because of the older age distribution of patients and high prevalence of comorbidity, related to metabolic syndrome. Recurence of NASH in the grafted liver is also a relatively frequent complication.

4. In a study of "Serotonin-receptor-3-antagonists improve obesity-associated fatty liver disease in mice" by Haub S, Ritze Y, Ladel I, Saum K, Hubert A, Spruss A, Trautwein C, Bischoff SC., posted in PubMed, researchers found that Palonosetron had similar effects as tropisetron regarding the reduction of liver fat and other parameters. Conclusions: Tropisetron and palonosetron are effective in attenuating NAFLD in a genetic mouse model of obesity. The effect likely involves the intestinal nervous system, resulting in a reduction of endotoxin influx into the liver and subsequently of liver inflammation and fat accumulation.

5. According to the study of "Increased intestinal permeability in obese mice: new evidence in the pathogenesis of nonalcoholic steatohepatitis" by Brun P, Castagliuolo I, Di Leo V, Buda A, Pinzani M, Palù G, Martines D., posted in PubMed, researchers found that HSCs isolated from ob/ob and db/db mice showed higher membrane CD14 mRNA levels and more pronounced lipopolysaccharide-induced proinflammatory and fibrogenic responses than HSCs from lean animals. In conclusion, genetically obese mice display enhanced intestinal permeability leading to increased portal endotoxemia that makes HSCs more sensitive to bacterial endotoxins. We suggest that in metabolic syndrome, patients may likewise have a greater intestinal mucosa permeability and increased lipopolysaccharide levels in portal blood that can contribute to the liver inflammatory damage.

6. in the abstract of study of "Animal models of steatohepatitis" by Koteish A, Mae Diehl A., posted in PubMed, researchers indicated that Animal models of hepatic steatosis and steatohepatitis have improved our understanding of the pathogenesis of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). Three models, genetically obese ob/ob mice, lipoatrophic mice and normal rats fed choline-deficient, methionine-restricted diets, have been particularly informative. All support the multiple 'hit' hypothesis for NAFLD pathogenesis that suggests that fatty livers are unusually vulnerable to oxidants and develop steatohepatitis when secondary insults generate sufficient oxidants to cause liver cell death and inflammation.

7. Etc.

Treatments of Obesity and Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease
1. In a study of"Review article: the metabolic syndrome and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease" by Loria P, Lonardo A, Carulli L, Verrone AM, Ricchi M, Lombardini S, Rudilosso A, Ballestri S, Carulli N., posted in PubMed, researchers stated that Metabolic syndrome represents a common risk factor for premature cardiovascular disease and cancer whose core cluster includes diabetes, hypertension, dyslipidaemia and obesity..... and concluded that Studies are needed to highlight the grey areas in this topic. Issues to be addressed include: diagnostic criteria for metabolic syndrome; nomenclature of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease; enlargement of the clinical spectrum and characterization of the prognosis of insulin resistance-related diseases; evaluation of the most specific clinical predictors of metabolic syndrome/non-alcoholic fatty liver disease and assessment of their variability over the time; characterization of the importance of new risk factors for metabolic syndrome with regard to the development and progression of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease.

2. According to the study of "Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease: further expression of the metabolic syndrome" by Tarantino G, Saldalamacchia G, Conca P, Arena A., posted in PubMed, researchers filed in abstract that Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease has been associated with metabolic disorders, including central obesity, dyslipidemia, hypertension and hyperglycemia. Metabolic syndrome, obesity, and insulin resistance are major risk factors in the pathogenesis of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease. Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease refers to a wide spectrum of liver damage, ranging from simple steatosis to non-alcoholic steatohepatitis, advanced fibrosis and cirrhosis.

3. According to the study of "Non-alcoholic steatohepatitis: an overview" by Shifflet A, Wu GY., posted in PubMed, researchers filed in abstract that Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) includes a broad spectrum of fat-induced liver injury, ranging from mild steatosis to cirrhosis and liver failure. The presence of obesity and insulin resistance is strongly associated with non-alcoholic fatty liver and a greater risk of advanced disease. We present here a review of the mechanisms involved in the pathogenesis of NAFLD, advances in the diagnosis, and options for treatment.

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Chinese recipe: Asparagus ginger sesame cream soup

 Recipe contributed by 125 Chinese recipes with Bill Jones and Stephen Wong

1 tbsp. vegetable oil
1 large onion, coarsely chopped
1 tbsp. minced ginger root
8 0z. asparagus trimmed and chopped
4 cups of chicken stock
1 cup of light(10%) cream
1 tbsp. lemon juice
1 tsp. sesame oil
salt and pepper to taste
2 tbsp. cornstarch dissolved in 4 tbsp. (610ml) water
Minced fresh herbs(chives, basil thyme, rosemary) to taste
1tbsp toasted sesame seeds
In a large saucepan, heat oil over medium-high heat for 30 seconds. Add onion and ginger root; cook until onion softens and begin to change color. Add asparagus and chicken stock; bring mixture to a boil. Reduce heat and simmer for 15 minutes or until the asparagus is cooked.
Removed saucepan from heat and allow to cool. Transfer mixture in batches to a blender or load processor and process until smooth
Pour soup through a strainer; pushing as much puree through the mesh as possible (use the back od a wooden spoon to squeeze out liquid). Return liquid to the saucepan, add cream and warm to a simmer. Add lemon juice, sesame oil, season with salt and pepper. Add dissolved cornstarch; bring soup top a boil, stirring constantly until thickened. garnish with herbs, asparagus cream (direction at below), if desired and toast sesame seeds.

For special finish garnish with asparagus cream. To make asparagus cream. Puree4 spears of cooked asparagus in food processor, then push through a strainer.  Measure the puree and mix an equal amount of sour cream. Place a spoon of mixture in the center of each serving and sprinkle with toast sesame seeds.
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The Chinese recipe of Steam rice with grainy mustard and orange peel

Recipe attributed to 125 best  Chinese recipes by Bill Jones and Stephen Wong, published by Robert Rose

2 cups long-grain rice  500mL
31/2 cups stock or water  875mL
1tsp. salt  5mL
2tbsp. grainy mustard  25mL
1 orange, juice and chopped zest
1. In a pot with a tight-fitting pod, combine rice, stock or water, salt, mustard, orange juice and zest. bring to boil; cook, uncovered, stirring occasionally.
2 Cover pot tightly. Reduce heat to low and cook for 15 minutes. Remove from heat and let sit, with lid on for an additional 10 minutes.
Serve 4- 6.

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Wednesday, 6 August 2014

Obesity Complication of Gallbladder Disease

By Kyle J. Norton

Obesity is defined as a medical condition of excess body fats accumulated overtime, while overweight is a condition of excess body weight relatively to the height. According to the Body Mass Index(BMI), a BMI between 25 to 29.9 is considered over weight, while a BMI of over 30 is an indication of obesity. According to the statistic, 68% of American population are either overweight or obese.

How to calculate your BMI index
BMI= weight (kg)/ height (m2)

Gallbladder is a small organ under the liver with a function of aiding the digestive system in fat metabolism with storing of the bile produced by the liver. Gallbladder Disease is defined as a condition of inflammation or gallstones of the Gallbladder. According to the statistic, approximate 20 millions of US population have some kinds of Gallbladder Disease.

 How Obesity associates with Gallbladder Disease
1. According to the study of "Triglycerides and gallstone formation" by Smelt AH., posted in PubMed, researcher stated that Changes in bile acid (BA) metabolism and gallbladder function are critical factors in the pathogenesis of gallstones. Patients with hypertriglyceridemia (HTG) - often overweight and insulin resistant - are at risk for gallstone disease......

2. In a study of "Gallstone prevalence and risk factors for gallstone disease in an urban population of children and adolescents" by Kratzer W, Walcher T, Arnold F, Akinli AS, Mason RA, Denzer C, Böhm B, Imhof A, Hänle MM., posted in PubMed, researchers found that Three adolescents (one girl, two boys), corresponding to a prevalence of 1.0 %, showed gallstones. One 14-year-old girl and one 17-year-old boy were overweight using Cole's classification. A positive family history and female gender could not be confirmed as risk factors and concluded that Obesity appears to be a risk factor in the development of gallstones in childhood and adolescence.

3. In the abstract of the study of "[Gender and obesity--what does "being fat" mean to boys and girls?] [Article in German]" by Wiegand S., posted in PubMed, researchers indicated that Despite great differences in sex hormones girls and boys are equally affected by overweight and obesity even during puberty. Comorbidity in general also has a similar prevalence. However, there are certain sex differences. Boys are more prone to steatohepatitis whereas girls more commonly develop gall stones and pseudotumor cerebri. Quality of life in respect to health is impaired in all children and adolescents with obesity.

4. In a study of "Epidemiology of gallstones" by Stinton LM, Myers RP, Shaffer EA., posted in PubMed, researchers found that certain risk factors for gallstones are immutable: female gender, increasing age, and ethnicity/family (genetic traits). Others are modifiable: obesity, the metabolic syndrome, rapid weight loss, certain diseases (cirrhosis and Crohn disease), gallbladder stasis (from spinal cord injury or drugs, such as somatostatin), and lifestyle.

5. According to the study of "Epidemiology and risk factors for gallstone disease: has the paradigm changed in the 21st century?" by Shaffer EA., posted in PubMed, researchers found that Our abundant access to food places us at the increased risk of obesity and cholelithiasis. The general rise in obesity in many countries raises the specter of heightened disease, best identified by epidemiologic studies.

6. Etc.

Treatments of Obesity and Gallbladder Disease
1. According to the abstract of the study of "Apply influence diagrams for utility analysis of paying the weight-reducing expenses: a case study in taiwan" by Wu F, Sun PR, Chang CC., posted in PubMed, researchers found that if Taiwan's NHI provides reasonable benefit for weight-loss outpatient services, not only the risk of people suffering from diabetes, hypertension, hyperlipidemia, cardiovascular disease, gallbladder disease, cancer, gout, arthritis, etc. will go down; but also the medical expenditure can be effectively reduced.

2. In a study of "Changes in gallbladder motility and gallstone formation following laparoscopic gastric banding for morbid obestity" by Al-Jiffry BO, Shaffer EA, Saccone GT, Downey P, Kow L, Toouli J., posted in PubMed, researchers found that rapid weight loss following laparoscopic gastric banding impairs gallbladder emptying and when pronounced, gallstones form by six weeks postoperatively. The accompanying reduction in gallbladder emptying, increased gallbladder residual volume and decreased refilling promote gallbladder stasis and hence stone formation.
3. In another study of "Prevention of gallstone formation in morbidly obese patients undergoing rapid weight loss: results of a randomized controlled pilot study" by Wudel LJ Jr, Wright JK, Debelak JP, Allos TM, Shyr Y, Chapman WC., posted in PubMed, researchers concluded that This pilot study confirms the high incidence of gallstone formation (71% of assessed patients) associated with rapid weight loss in patients undergoing gastric bypass. Despite active enrollment in a supervised prevention trial, the two therapies investigated to reduce gallstone formation were not efficacious, likely because compliance with medical therapy was poor. These findings highlight the significant risk of gallstone formation in this patient cohort even when prevention strategies are utilized.
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The best breakfast Orange Marmalade

Recipe attributed to Raw, Quick and delicious! 5 ingredient recipes in just 15 minutes by Douglas McNish, Published by Robert Rose. You can visit them at www.robertrose.ca

This marmalade is a great addition to raw breakfast bowls. Try it stirred into Cinnamon. Crunch Cereal, Almond Ginger Apple Hemp Cereal on Breakfast Porridge or spread it on Rise and Shine Bar.
Tips:
To soak the dates for this recipe, place in a bowl and add 2 cups (500 mL) hot water. Cover and set a side for 10 minutes, Drain, discarding soaking liquid.
2 tbsp. finely grated orange zest  30mL
2 cups chopped orange segments  500mL
1 cup chopped pitted dates, soaked
in a food processor fitted with the metal blade, process orange zest, orange segments and soaked dates until smooth, Transfer to a bowl. Serve immediately or cover and refrigerate for up to 3 days. make 2 cups (500mL)
Variation
Orange ginger marmalade
Add 1/4 cup (60mL) chopped peeled gingerroot to the mixture.

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At Last! The Natural PCOS Diet
A Naturopath’s Easy Step-by-Step Guide to Overcome PCOS
by Qualified Australian Naturopath And Hormone Health Expert

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The Carrot lovers recipe: Julie's White Carrot salad

Recipe attributed to Raw food, volume 2, Healthy, delicious vegetarian cuisine made with living foods  vt Lisa Montgonery, editor, hatherleigh

Contrbited by Antanas Vainius

 Prep. 10 minutes
2 tbsp. tarragon, crushed
1 lime juice
Bunch baby white carrots, sliced
2/3 cup medium daikon grated
3 tbsp. olive oil
Full spectrum salt to taste
Soak tarragon in lime juice for 5 minutes. Toss daikon and carrots and pour tarragon mixture on carrots/ daikon and olive oil, salt, toss and serve.
Serve on de-seeded tomatoes wedges.

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At Last! The Natural PCOS Diet
A Naturopath’s Easy Step-by-Step Guide to Overcome PCOS
by Qualified Australian Naturopath And Hormone Health Expert

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