Kyle J. Norton
Dithiolthiones are phytochemicals in the class of Organosulfides, found abundantly in cruciferous vegetables, garden sorrel, horseradish, etc.
The study of the hepatoprotective drug
anisyldithiolthione was showed to be effective in acting as
hepoprotective agent in inhibited lipid peroxidation induced in rat
liver microsomes either chemically by FeSO4 and reducing agents
(cysteine or ascorbate) or enzymatically, probably through the presence
of its dithiolthione function(1) Other medication such as Anethol dithiolthione (ADT), usually prescribed as a choleretic drug, also exhibited an hepatoprotective
potency at doses as low as 10 mg/kg relative to serum aminotransferase
activities and hepatic glutathione related enzyme system in in Swiss
female mice(2)
References
(1) A new potent inhibitor of lipid peroxidation in vitro and in vivo, the hepatoprotective drug anisyldithiolthione by Mansuy D, Sassi A, Dansette PM, Plat M.(PubMed)
(2) Protective effect of anethol dithiolthione against acetaminophen hepatotoxicity in mice by Warnet JM1, Christen MO, Thevenin M, Biard D, Jacqueson A, Claude JR.(PubMed).
2. Isothiocyanates and cancers
Cancer is a class of diseases in which a group of
cells growing and multiplying disordered and uncontrollable way in our
body, have become progressively worse and damaged other healthy
tissues, sometimes spreads to other organs in the body via lymph or
blood and results may be in death.
In a case-control study conducted in urban
Shanghai. The cases (from December 2006 to December 2008, ITC
consumption from cruciferous vegetables intake showed a positive effect
in reduce risk of pancreatic cancer after
adjusting for possible confounding factors such as age, sex, history of
diabetes and pancreatitis(1). Thiazolo, the synthesis of a novel class
of quinazoline, produced by the reaction of
4,6-dichloro-5-aminopyrimidine with isothiocyanates
in presence of 20 mol% KF/alumina, showed to exhibit antiproliferative
activity in lung (NCI-H322 and A549), epidermal (A431) and glioblastoma
(T98G), HL-60 cell lines at 20 μM. The effect of compound 4a on
mitochondrial potential loss in HL-60 cells probably through cleavage of
PARP-1 and procaspase-3 inhibition(2).
The study by Campus Morro do Cruzeiro suggested that the phytochemical inhibited the cell viability of human cervical cancer cells, human pancreatic cancer cells, human hepatocellular carcinoma cells, human ovarian cancer cells, and have antiinflammatory properties in the treatment of human T-cell leukemia cells(3).
References
(1) [A case-control study on the association between urinary levels of isothiocyanates and the risk of pancreatic cancer].[Article in Chinese] by Wang J1, Han L, Zhang W, Wang J, Ni Q, Shen M, Gao Y2.(PubMed)
(2) Synthesis, antiproliferative and apoptosis-inducing activity of thiazolo[5,4-d]pyrimidines by Singh B1, Guru SK, Kour S, Jain SK, Sharma R, Sharma PR, Singh SK, Bhushan S, Bharate SB, Vishwakarma RA.(PubMed)
(3) The anti-oxidant properties of isothiocyanates: a review by de Figueiredo SM1, Filho SA, Nogueira-Machado JA, Caligiorne RB.(PubMed)
3. Isothiocyanates as Antioxidants
Free radicals are atoms, molecules, or ions with unpaired electrons
through chemical bonds with other atoms or molecules during a chemical
reaction. They may have positive, negative or zero charge. The unpaired
electrons cause radicals to be highly chemically reactive in the human
body, leading to aging and cancers.
In Fuchs endothelial corneal dystrophy (FECD), an oxidative stress disorder, treatment with Sulforaphane, a
molecule within the isothiocyanate group, decreased CEC apoptosis by
55% in unstressed group and by 43% in tBHP-treated specimens, through
inhibition of oxidative stress(1).
The Universidade Federal de Ouro Preto study also indicated the similar
result of sulforaphane in improvement of antioxidant status in the
testing of number of cancer cell lines(2). Other study suggested that isothiocyanates (ITCs), found abundantly in cruciferous vegetables, may be effective as a cancer chemopreventive agent through modulation of phase II detoxifying/antioxidant enzyme activities(3).
Reference
(1) Sulforaphane decreases endothelial cell apoptosis in fuchs endothelial corneal dystrophy: a novel treatment by Ziaei A1, Schmedt T, Chen Y, Jurkunas UV.(PubMed)
(2) The anti-oxidant properties of isothiocyanates: a review by de Figueiredo SM1, Filho SA, Nogueira-Machado JA, Caligiorne RB.(PubMed)
(3) Structural influence of isothiocyanates on the antioxidant response element (ARE)-mediated heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) expression by Prawan A1, Keum YS, Khor TO, Yu S, Nair S, Li W, Hu L, Kong AN.(PubMed)
4. Isothiocyanates and heart diseases
Beside cancer, heart disease kills more than 2,000 Americans everyday. Approximately 60 million Americans have heart disease.
There are many causes of heart diseases. Most of heart diseases are
caused by high blood pressure contributes to hardening of the arteries.
High levels of bad cholesterol (LDL) build up in the arteries as a
result of uncontrolled diet with high levels of saturated fat and trans
fat.
In human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) patients, showed to improve AIDS-related heart
dysfunction through inhibition of apoptosis by decreasing iNOS and Bax
expression through suppression of NF-κB.(1). In ischemic injury of
hearts patients, showed to inhibit reactive oxygen species mediators in
exerting a toxic effect during ischemia-reperfusion through
mitochondrial K(ATP) channels and antioxidant pathway(2). On
ischaemia-reperfusion-induced cardiac injury. steamed broccoli showed a
superior cardioprotective properties over cooked broccoli, probably
through through the redox signalling of sulphoraphane(3). the
phytochemical also found to trduce risk of vascular disease due to aging
by inhibiting oxidative stress (4).
References
(1) Isothiocyanates ameliorate the symptom of heart dysfunction and mortality in a murine AIDS model by inhibiting apoptosis in the left ventricle. by Ho JN1, Yoon HG, Park CS, Kim S, Jun W, Choue R, Lee J.(PubMed)
(2) Sulforaphane protects ischemic injury of hearts through antioxidant pathway and mitochondrial K(ATP) channels.by Piao CS1, Gao S, Lee GH, Kim do S, Park BH, Chae SW, Chae HJ, Kim SH.(PubMed)
(3) Comparison of the protective effects of steamed and cooked broccolis
on ischaemia-reperfusion-induced cardiac injury. by Mukherjee S1, Lekli I, Ray D, Gangopadhyay H, Raychaudhuri U, Das DK.(PubMed)
(4) Crosstalk between Nrf2 and the proteasome: therapeutic potential of
Nrf2 inducers in vascular disease and aging by Chapple SJ1, Siow RC, Mann GE.(PubMed)
5. Isothiocyanates and neuroprotective effect
Sulforaphane, a naturally organosulfur
compound found in broccoli, showed to exert its neuroprotective effects
through significantly attenuated the scopolamine-induced memory
impairment and improved cholinergic system reactivity, as indicated by
an increased ACh level, decreased AChE activity, and increased choline
acetyltransferase (ChAT) expression in the hippocampus and frontal
cortex(1). in a variety of acute and chronic neurodegenerative diseases,
phytochemicals, isothiocyanate sulforaphane, derived from the hydrolysis of the glucosinolate glucoraphanin mainly present in Brassica vegetables, demonstrated its neuroprotective
effects in several in vitro and in vivo studies, may be mainly ascribed
to its peculiar ability to activate the Nrf2/ARE pathway(2). In
dopaminergic neurotoxicity in mice induced by 6-hydroxydopamine
(6-OHDA), the phytochemical showed the neuroprotective effect through
its ability to enhance glutathione levels and its dependent enzymes
(glutathione-S-transferase and glutathione reductase) and to modulate
neuronal survival pathways(3).
References
(1) Sulforaphane alleviates scopolamine-induced memory impairment in mice by Lee S1, Kim J1, Seo SG2, Choi BR3, Han JS3, Lee KW4, Kim J5.(PubMed)
(2) Sulforaphane as a potential protective phytochemical against neurodegenerative diseases byTarozzi A1, Angeloni C, Malaguti M, Morroni F, Hrelia S, Hrelia P.(PubMed)
(3) Neuroprotective effect of sulforaphane in 6-hydroxydopamine-lesioned mouse model of Parkinson's disease byMorroni F1, Tarozzi A, Sita G, Bolondi C, Zolezzi Moraga JM, Cantelli-Forti G, Hrelia P.(PubMed)
6. Sulforaphane and Obesity
Obesity is defined as a
medical condition of excess body fat has accumulated overtime, while
overweight is a condition of excess body weight relatively to the
height. According to the Body Mass Index(BMI), a BMI between 25 to
29.9 is considered over weight, while a BMI of over 30 is an
indication of obesity. According to the statistic, 68% of American
population are either overweight or obese.
Taking foods containing sulforaphane may be effective in managing weight
loss for obese patients accompanied with change of lifestyle with more
vegetables and fruits into diet. Sulforaphane, a
molecule within the isothiocyanate group, according to Chungbuk National
University, showed to prevent high-fat diet (HFD)-induced obesity
in C57BL/6N mice. through inhibiting adipogenesis( the cells
differentiation for a vital role in energy homeostasis and process the
largest energy reserve in the body of animals).
via down-regulation of PPARγ(regulation of metabolism) and C/EBPα
(inflammatory process) and by suppressing lipogenesis( protein as an
intermediate stage in metabolism of simple sugars) through activation of
the AMPK(in cellular energy homeostasis) pathway(1). Chronic oral
administration of sulforaphane, on obesity
and insulin resistance induced by a highly palatable (HP) diet in male
Wistar rats, at the specific dose was able to accentuate glucose
intolerance and may affect GLUT3 expression involed neuronal glucose
transport in the cerebral cortex and hypothalamus(2). The Chonbuk
National University also suggested that Sulforaphane suppressed AMPK phosphorylation(cellular energy homeostasis) at Thr-172 in a dose-dependent manner(3).
References
(1) Sulforaphane attenuates obesity by inhibiting adipogenesis and activating the AMPK pathway in obese mice by Choi KM1, Lee YS1, Kim W1, Kim SJ2, Shin KO1, Yu JY3, Lee MK1, Lee YM1, Hong JT1, Yun YP1, Yoo HS4.(PubMed)(2) Chronic sulforaphane
oral treatment accentuates blood glucose impairment and may affect
GLUT3 expression in the cerebral cortex and hypothalamus of rats fed
with a highly palatable diet by Souza CG1, Riboldi BP, Hansen F, Moreira JD, Souza DG, de Assis AM, Brum LM, Perry ML, Souza DO.(PubMed)
(3) Sulforaphane induced adipolysis via hormone sensitive lipase activation, regulated by AMPK signaling pathway by Lee JH1, Moon MH, Jeong JK, Park YG, Lee YJ, Seol JW, Park SY.(PubMed)
7. Sulforaphane and Lung diseases
Lung diseases is defined as a condition, affecting the
upper respiratory tract, trachea, bronchi, bronchioles, alveoli, pleura
and pleural cavity, and the nerves and muscles of breathing.
Sulforaphane may be used as a preventive
chemical constituent of pulmonary damage for patient who exposure to
arsenic. According to China Medical University, arsenic-containing dust
resulted in ; all of which were blocked by sulforaphane (SF) blocked pathological alterations, oxidative DNA damage, and mild apoptotic cell death in the lung
caused by 2 weeks of exposure to arsenic through activation of
Nrf2(master regulator of the total antioxidant system)(1). In wildtype
neonatal mice exposed to hyperoxia. SF also found to activated Nrf2
activation through induced expression of anti-oxidant genes,(2). In the
lungs of the arrhythmic Clock(Δ19) mice, SF also activated it anti
ovidative damage effect through activation of NRF2/glutathione defense
pathway in combating oxidative/fibrotic lung damage(3).
References
(1) Sulforaphane prevents pulmonary damage in response to inhaled arsenic by activating the Nrf2-defense response. by Zheng Y1, Tao S, Lian F, Chau BT, Chen J, Sun G, Fang D, Lantz RC, Zhang DD.(PubMed)
(2) Transcriptional responses of neonatal mouse lung to hyperoxia by Nrf2 status by McGrath-Morrow SA1, Lauer T, Collaco JM, Lopez A, Malhotra D, Alekseyev YO, Neptune E, Wise R, Biswal S.(PubMed)
(3) The circadian clock regulates rhythmic activation of the
NRF2/glutathione-mediated antioxidant defense pathway to modulate
pulmonary fibrosis by Pekovic-Vaughan V1, Gibbs J, Yoshitane
H, Yang N, Pathiranage D, Guo B, Sagami A, Taguchi K, Bechtold D, Loudon
A, Yamamoto M, Chan J, van der Horst GT, Fukada Y, Meng QJ.(PubMed)
8. Sulforaphane and Liver disease
Liver disease in most cases are linked to alcohol or
drugs. In fact, it can be caused by a variety of factors and affecting
everyone from infants to older adults.
In CYP2E1-dependent binge alcohol-induced liver steatosis, oral treatment of sulforphane sulforaphane showed
to activated Nrf2, increased levels of the Nrf2 target heme
oxygenase-1 and subsequently lowered oxidant stress as shown by the
decline in lipid peroxidation and 3-nitrotyrosine protein adducts and an
increase in GSH levels(1). In the comparison of the effectiveness of Sulforaphane and glucoraphanin in modulating carcinogen-metabolising enzymes in Hep G2 cells, Dr Abdull Razis AF1,
and Noor NM found that sulforphane is superior to glucoraphanin in
modulators of various phase I and phase II enzymes involved in
carcinogen-metabolising enzyme systems in vitro(2). The University of
Rhode Island, Kingston study also insisted that SF activate Nrf2
activation in inhibited lipid accumulation in white adipose tissue,
suppressed adipogenesis, induced insulin resistance and glucose
intolerance, and increased hepatic steatosis in Lep(ob/ob) mice(3)..
References
(1) Sulforaphane induces Nrf2 and protects against CYP2E1-dependent binge alcohol-induced liver steatosis by Zhou R1, Lin J, Wu D.(PubMed)
(2) Sulforaphane is superior to glucoraphanin in modulating carcinogen-metabolising enzymes in Hep G2 cells by Abdull Razis AF1, Noor NM.(PubMed)
(3) Enhanced Nrf2 activity worsens insulin resistance, impairs lipid
accumulation in adipose tissue, and increases hepatic steatosis in
leptin-deficient mice by Xu J1, Kulkarni SR, Donepudi AC, More VR, Slitt AL.(PubMed)
9. Sulforaphane and Breast cancer
Breast cancer (malignant breast neoplasm) is a cancer that starts in the tissues of the breast either from the inner lining of milk ducts (Ductal carcinoma) or the lobules (Lobular carcinoma) that
supply the ducts with milk. there is also rare cases that breast cancer
starts in other areas of the breast. In 2010, over 250,000 new cases of
breast cancer were expected to be diagnosed in women in the U.S. alone
and the risk of getting invasive breast cancer during life time of a
women is 1/8.
The University of Michigan, also insisted that ingestion of sulforaphane at a dose of 50 mg/kg for 2 weeks inhibited breast cancer stem cells(1). According to Manipal University, Sulforaphane inhibited growth of human breast cancer
cell line MCF-7 cells, through induces apoptosis and anti-inflammatory
effects on MCF-7 cells via downregulation of Bcl-2 (anti-apoptotic
protein) and COX-2 (inlvoved inflammatory process) respectively(2). Also
in testing of MCF-7 breast cancer cells,
researchers at the The Catholic University of Korea, showed that
sulforaphane induced the inhibition of 12-O-tetradecanoyl
phorbol-13-acetate (TPA)-induced MMP-9 expression(involved in
keratinocyte migration and granulation tissue remodeling during wound
healing) and cell invasion by via the suppression of the NF-κB (nvolved in cellular responses)pathway in MCF-7 cells(3).
References
(1) Sulforaphane, a dietary component of broccoli/broccoli sprouts, inhibits breast cancer stem cells by Li Y1, Zhang T, Korkaya H, Liu S, Lee HF, Newman B, Yu Y, Clouthier SG, Schwartz SJ, Wicha MS, Sun D.(PubMed)
(2) Sulforaphane inhibits growth of human breast cancer cells and augments the therapeutic index of the chemotherapeutic drug, gemcitabine by Hussain A1, Mohsin J, Prabhu SA, Begum S, Nusri Qel-A, Harish G, Javed E, Khan MA, Sharma C.(PubMed)
(3) Sulforaphane controls TPA-induced MMP-9 expression through the NF-κB signaling pathway, but not AP-1, in MCF-7 breast cancer cells by Lee YR1, Noh EM, Han JH, Kim JM, Hwang BM, Kim BS, Lee SH, Jung SH, Youn HJ, Chung EY, Kim JS.(PubMed)
10. Sulforaphane and Prostate cancer
Prostate cancer is defined as a condition in which the
cells of prostate has become cancerous, causing abnormal cell growth
which spread to the distant parts of the body. Most prostate cancers
are slow growing and enlarged prostate and prostate cancer may be
detected during the Physical (rectum) exams.
Oral administration of d,l-sulforaphane (SFN) can decrease the incidence or burden of early-stage prostate cancer [prostatic intraepithelial neoplasia (PIN)] and well-differentiated cancer (WDC) but not late-stage poorly differentiated cancer (PDC)., according to the University of Pittsburgh Cancer Institute and University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine(1)
In advanced prostate cancer stem-like
cells, sulforaphane showed to inhibit tumor engraftment and tumor
growth, without the induction of liver necrosis or other obvious side
effects, In vivo(2).
In the comparison of the effect of sulforaphane(SFN) and 3,3'-diindolylmethane(DIM) in normal prostate epithelial cells and prostate cancer cells, researchers at the Oregon State University found that SFN and DIM reversed many of the cancer-associated methylation alterations, including aberrantly methylated genes that are dysregulated or are highly involved in cancer progression(3).
References
(1) Chemoprevention of prostate cancer by d,l-sulforaphane is augmented by pharmacological inhibition of autophagy by Vyas AR1, Hahm ER, Arlotti JA, Watkins S, Stolz DB, Desai D, Amin S, Singh SV.(PubMed)
(2) Sulforaphane and TRAIL induce a synergistic elimination of advanced prostate cancer stem-like cells by Labsch S, Liu L, Bauer N, Zhang Y, Aleksandrowicz E, Gladkich J, Schönsiegel F, Herr I.(PubMed)
(3) Effects of sulforaphane and 3,3'-diindolylmethane on genome-wide promoter methylation in normal prostate epithelial cells and prostate cancer cells by Wong CP1, Hsu A1, Buchanan A2, Palomera-Sanchez Z1, Beaver LM1, Houseman EA2, Williams DE3, Dashwood RH3, Ho E4.(PubMed)
11. Sulforaphane and colon cancer
Bowel cancer is relatively very common and slowly growing and progress
cancer and in predictable way. Bowel cancer is the third most commonly
diagnosed cancer in developed countries, including US and Canada.
According to 1INRA,
Laboratoire des Xénobiotiques, sulforaphane inhibited colon cancer cell
line (HT29) through cell cycle arrest via an apoptotic process(1).
GE132+Natural, a novel supplement consisting Resveratrol, Ganoderma
lucidum, Sulforaphane, Lycopene and Royal jelly, in the testing of tested cancer cell lines (PC3, MCF7 and SW480), is found to be effective in inhibiting all tested cancer cell proliferation, the University of Belgrade insisted(2). Other study also showed the effective of sulforaphane and related dietary isothiocyanates in treating colon cancer
cells via included cell growth arrest, autophagy and apoptosis
depending to Depending on the isothiocyanates (ITCs) and treatment
conditions(3).
References
(1) Sulforaphane, a naturally occurring isothiocyanate, induces cell cycle arrest and apoptosis in HT29 human colon cancer cells by Gamet-Payrastre L1, Li P, Lumeau S, Cassar G, Dupont MA, Chevolleau S, Gasc N, Tulliez J, Tercé F.(PubMed)
(2) GE132+Natural: Novel promising dietetic supplement with antiproliferative influence on prostate, colon, and breast cancer cells by Okic-Djordjevic I1, Trivanovic D, Krstic J, Jaukovic A, Mojsilovic S, Santibanez JF, Terzic M, Vesovic D, Bugarski D.(PubMed)
(3) HDAC turnover, CtIP acetylation and dysregulated DNA damage signaling in colon cancer cells treated with sulforaphane and related dietary isothiocyanates by Rajendran P1, Kidane AI, Yu TW, Dashwood WM, Bisson WH, Löhr CV, Ho E, Williams DE, Dashwood RH.(PubMed)
12. Sulforaphane and cervical cancer
Cervix is the lower part of uterus that opens at the top of the vagina.
Cervix acts an transition area for vaginal lining (squamous epithelium)
change to uterus type (columnar epithelium) through the transitional
area (squamous columnar epithelium) to host the development of the
fetus. Cervical cancer is malignant neoplasm of the cervix uteri or cervical area caused by abnormal cells growth with alternation of cells DNA.
According to the Manipal University in the study of the effect of sulforaphane and eugenol effects on human cervical cancer
cells, found that combined treatment with variable dose combinations
resulted in differential effects with an antagonistic effect at lower
and synergistic at higher sub-lethal doses as reflected in cell
cytotoxicity and apoptosis induction(1). The Manipal University
also showed that application of SFN inhibited human cervical cancer cell
lines through apoptosis induction and anti-inflammatory properties(2).
In human cervical carcinoma HeLa,
treatment with SFN inhibit the cancer cell through down-regulation of
anti-apoptotic Bcl-2 and Bcl-XL, and the up-regulation of pro-apoptotic
Bax expression(3).
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References
(1) Concurrent sulforaphane and eugenol induces differential effects on human cervical cancer cells by Hussain A1, Priyani A, Sadrieh L, Brahmbhatt K, Ahmed M, Sharma C.(PubMed)
(2) Anti-carcinogenic effects of sulforaphane in association with its apoptosis-inducing and anti-inflammatory properties in human cervical cancer cells by Sharma C1, Sadrieh L, Priyani A, Ahmed M, Hassan AH, Hussain A.(PubNed)
(3) Induction of apoptosis by isothiocyanate sulforaphane in human cervical carcinoma HeLa and hepatocarcinoma HepG2 cells through activation of caspase-3 by Park SY1, Kim GY, Bae SJ, Yoo YH, Choi YH.(PubMed)
Monday, 16 June 2014
Vegan recipe - Peasant soup
Contributed by The vegetarian collection by Alison Kent and Canadian living test Chicken)
Prep. 10 minutes, cook 15 minutes, make 6 serving
2 tbsp. (30 ml) vegetable oil
3 stacks celery, diced
2 carrots, diced
1 onion, diced
5 cloves garlic, minced
1/2 tsp. (2ml) salt
1/2 tsp. (2ml) dried mint
1/4 tsp. (1ml) turmeric
1 can (28 oz./796 ml) whole tomatoes
1/3 cup (75 ml) dried green lentils, rinsed and drained
1 tbsp. (15 ml) tomato paste
1/2 cup (125 ml) mini shell pasta
1 can (19 oz./ 540 ml) bean medley, drained and rinsed
2 tbsp. (30 ml) chopped fresh parsley
In large saucepan or Dutch oven, heat oil over medium heat, fry celery, carrots, onion, garlic salt mint, turmeric, stirring occasionally until softened about 6 minutes.
Stir in tomatoes, breaking up with back of spoon; stir in lentils, tomato paste and 41/2 cups (1125ml) water. Bring to boil, reduced heat and simmer. covered until lentils are tender about 25 minutes.
Meanwhile, in large pot of boiling salted water, cook pasta until al dente, about 8 minutes. Drain and add to soup along with beans and parsley; simmer for 5 minutes.(16)
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Versatile vinaigrette
Recipe contributed by Cooking light, the complete Quick Cook, (A practical Guide to Smart,
Fast home Cooking) by Bruce Weinstein and Mark Scarborough, Publisher
Oxmoor House
Cornstarch, commonly used in a thickening agent gives the red wine vinaigrette body, so it can better coat a salad. Store any remaining vinaigrette in a sealed container in the refrigerator for up to I week
1 cup vegetable broth
2 tsp. cornstarch
2 tsp. red wine vinegar
1 tsp. extra-virgin olive oil
1 tsp. sugar
1 tsp. salt
1/8 tsp. freshly ground black pepper
Combine broth and cornstarch in a small saucepan, stirring with a whisk. Bring broth mixture to a boil over medium heat, cook 1 minute, stirring constantly. emove from heat and stir in remaining ingredients. Store, cover in refrigerator for up to1 week. Whisk before serving. Yield 1 cup. Serving size; 2 tsp.
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Cornstarch, commonly used in a thickening agent gives the red wine vinaigrette body, so it can better coat a salad. Store any remaining vinaigrette in a sealed container in the refrigerator for up to I week
1 cup vegetable broth
2 tsp. cornstarch
2 tsp. red wine vinegar
1 tsp. extra-virgin olive oil
1 tsp. sugar
1 tsp. salt
1/8 tsp. freshly ground black pepper
Combine broth and cornstarch in a small saucepan, stirring with a whisk. Bring broth mixture to a boil over medium heat, cook 1 minute, stirring constantly. emove from heat and stir in remaining ingredients. Store, cover in refrigerator for up to1 week. Whisk before serving. Yield 1 cup. Serving size; 2 tsp.
Ovarian Cysts And PCOS Elimination
Holistic System In Existence That Will Show You How To
Permanently Eliminate All Types of Ovarian Cysts Within 2 Months
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Sunday, 15 June 2014
Ginseng - The king of all herbs for Men in Erectile Dysfunction
Kyle J. Norton
In finding a whole food and herb, comparing to the presently pharmaceutical medicine in use with little and no adverse effect(4), scientific communities have looking into herbal ginseng which has been used extensively in traditional Chinese medicine for treatment of sexual dysfunction of both sex.
According to statistic, in US alone, more than18 Million Men over 20 of ages are affected by Erectile Dysfunction and approximately 5% of 40-year-old men and between 15% and 25% of 65-year-old men experience ED on a long-term basis)National Institutes of Health). Astonishingly, lifetime use of ED medications was reported by 24% of men. Almost 69% of ED medication users reported obtaining ED medications from a physician. Fifty-nine percent of ED medication users reported taking the medications to enhance their sexual experience rather than to treat ED, which was marginally associated with stimulant use. according to Department of Veterans Affairs Puget Sound Health Care System, Seattle(1).
In comparison of the effect of erectile dysfunction with diabetes and men with erectile dysfunction due to other causes study indicated that the diseases not only affect Sexual Experience-Psychological Impact domains but also Emotional Life-Psychological Impact domain(2).
Ginseng, the King of Chinese herb, according to the literature in Chinese medicine found by Emperor Shen-Nung, the second of China's mythical emperors (3500-2600 BCE), through his treatise 'Shen Nung Benchau Jing', expressed the efficacy of herbal ginseng well being as a resemblance of human form and its rejuvenative and aphrodisiac properties. The use of ginseng for erectile dysfunction by Emperor Shen-Nung was unique for its time. It continues to hold parallels as a modern-day herbal aphrodisiac 5000 years on(3).
Panax notoginseng saponins (PNS), a major ingredient found in ginseng, in the study of erectile dysfunction and the underlying mechanism by using a rat diabetic erectile dysfunction model in diabetic rat, showed a positive effect in deduction of oxidative stress cause of erectile dysfunction and and restored functions of endothelial cells and smooth muscle cells in the penis, through reduced level of malondialdehyde and increased levels of superoxide dismutase, glutathione and Akt(5) and possibly via the NO/cGMP pathway and restores the function of endothelium in corpus cavernosum(6).
In root-derived Korean red ginseng (KRG; Panax ginseng) study, researchers at the Yonsei University College of Medicine, found that GB0710 relax the penile corpus cavernosum smooth muscle (CCSM), through ntracellular NO production in human microvascular endothelial cells by N(G)-monomethyl-L-arginine induction and inhibition(7).
In a 119 men with mild-to-moderate ED participated in a multicenter, randomized, double-blind, parallel, placebo-controlled clinical study, oral administration of the SKGB extract improved all domains of sexual function(8)(9).
According to Chinese medicine has been prescribed ginseng over 5000 years of history to promote yang and to improve cardiac function, short of breath, blood pressure. Panax ginseng can generates fluids and reduce thirst, to treat anxiety, insomnia, dizziness/headache, forgetfulness, impotence, diabetes, bleeding in the vagina not during period, etc.
Dr. Shergis JL and the researcher team at the School of Health Sciences and Health Innovations Research Institute-HIRi, RMIT University, told PubMed " Overall, the quality of Panax ginseng (andomized controlled trials ) RCT methodology has improved since the CONSORT checklist was introduced. However, more can be done to improve the methodological quality of, and reporting in, RCTs"(10)
But the use of herbal medicine in treating erectile dysfunction should be taken with care. Dr Ho CC and Dr. Tan HM. said" Many herbal therapies appear to have potential benefits, and similarly, the health risks of various phytotherapeutic compounds need to be elucidated. Properly designed human trials should be worked out and encouraged to determine the efficacy and safety of potential phytotherapies"(11). As the herb has shown mild adverse events, such as dyspepsia, hot flash, insomnia, and constipation in dose depending manner(12).
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Reference
(1) Erectile dysfunction medication use among men seeking substance abuse treatment.
In finding a whole food and herb, comparing to the presently pharmaceutical medicine in use with little and no adverse effect(4), scientific communities have looking into herbal ginseng which has been used extensively in traditional Chinese medicine for treatment of sexual dysfunction of both sex.
According to statistic, in US alone, more than18 Million Men over 20 of ages are affected by Erectile Dysfunction and approximately 5% of 40-year-old men and between 15% and 25% of 65-year-old men experience ED on a long-term basis)National Institutes of Health). Astonishingly, lifetime use of ED medications was reported by 24% of men. Almost 69% of ED medication users reported obtaining ED medications from a physician. Fifty-nine percent of ED medication users reported taking the medications to enhance their sexual experience rather than to treat ED, which was marginally associated with stimulant use. according to Department of Veterans Affairs Puget Sound Health Care System, Seattle(1).
In comparison of the effect of erectile dysfunction with diabetes and men with erectile dysfunction due to other causes study indicated that the diseases not only affect Sexual Experience-Psychological Impact domains but also Emotional Life-Psychological Impact domain(2).
Ginseng, the King of Chinese herb, according to the literature in Chinese medicine found by Emperor Shen-Nung, the second of China's mythical emperors (3500-2600 BCE), through his treatise 'Shen Nung Benchau Jing', expressed the efficacy of herbal ginseng well being as a resemblance of human form and its rejuvenative and aphrodisiac properties. The use of ginseng for erectile dysfunction by Emperor Shen-Nung was unique for its time. It continues to hold parallels as a modern-day herbal aphrodisiac 5000 years on(3).
Panax notoginseng saponins (PNS), a major ingredient found in ginseng, in the study of erectile dysfunction and the underlying mechanism by using a rat diabetic erectile dysfunction model in diabetic rat, showed a positive effect in deduction of oxidative stress cause of erectile dysfunction and and restored functions of endothelial cells and smooth muscle cells in the penis, through reduced level of malondialdehyde and increased levels of superoxide dismutase, glutathione and Akt(5) and possibly via the NO/cGMP pathway and restores the function of endothelium in corpus cavernosum(6).
In root-derived Korean red ginseng (KRG; Panax ginseng) study, researchers at the Yonsei University College of Medicine, found that GB0710 relax the penile corpus cavernosum smooth muscle (CCSM), through ntracellular NO production in human microvascular endothelial cells by N(G)-monomethyl-L-arginine induction and inhibition(7).
In a 119 men with mild-to-moderate ED participated in a multicenter, randomized, double-blind, parallel, placebo-controlled clinical study, oral administration of the SKGB extract improved all domains of sexual function(8)(9).
According to Chinese medicine has been prescribed ginseng over 5000 years of history to promote yang and to improve cardiac function, short of breath, blood pressure. Panax ginseng can generates fluids and reduce thirst, to treat anxiety, insomnia, dizziness/headache, forgetfulness, impotence, diabetes, bleeding in the vagina not during period, etc.
Dr. Shergis JL and the researcher team at the School of Health Sciences and Health Innovations Research Institute-HIRi, RMIT University, told PubMed " Overall, the quality of Panax ginseng (andomized controlled trials ) RCT methodology has improved since the CONSORT checklist was introduced. However, more can be done to improve the methodological quality of, and reporting in, RCTs"(10)
But the use of herbal medicine in treating erectile dysfunction should be taken with care. Dr Ho CC and Dr. Tan HM. said" Many herbal therapies appear to have potential benefits, and similarly, the health risks of various phytotherapeutic compounds need to be elucidated. Properly designed human trials should be worked out and encouraged to determine the efficacy and safety of potential phytotherapies"(11). As the herb has shown mild adverse events, such as dyspepsia, hot flash, insomnia, and constipation in dose depending manner(12).
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will Personally Coach You How to Get There The Easy Way
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Ovarian Cysts And PCOS Elimination
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Reference
(1) Erectile dysfunction medication use among men seeking substance abuse treatment.
Horvath KJ, Calsyn DA, Terry C, Cotton A.(PubMed)
(2)
Do impotent men with diabetes have more severe erectile dysfunction
and worse quality of life than the general population of impotent
patients? Results from the Exploratory Comprehensive Evaluation of
Erectile Dysfunction (ExCEED) database by Penson DF, Latini DM, Lubeck
DP, Wallace KL, Henning JM, Lue TF; Comprehensive Evaluation of Erectile
Dysfunction (ExCEED) database(PubMed)
(3) The history of ginseng in the management of erectile dysfunction in ancient China (3500-2600 BCE) by Nair R, Sellaturay S, Sriprasad S.(PubMed)
(4) Erectile dysfunction: Viagra and other oral medications(Mayo clinic)
(5) Panax notoginseng Saponins Improve Erectile
Function through Attenuation of Oxidative Stress, Restoration of Akt
Activity and Protection of Endothelial and Smooth Muscle Cells in
Diabetic Rats with Erectile Dysfunction by Li H, He WY, Lin F, Gou X.(PubMed)
(6) Panax notoginseng saponins improve the erectile dysfunction in diabetic rats by protecting the endothelial function of the penile corpus cavernosum by Lin F, Gou X.(PubMed)
(7) Effects of Korean ginseng
berry extract (GB0710) on penile erection: evidence from in vitro and
in vivo studies by Cho KS, Park CW, Kim CK, Jeon HY, Kim WG, Lee SJ, Kim
YM, Lee JY, Choi YD.(PubMed)
(8) Effects of Korean ginseng berry extract on sexual function in men with erectile dysfunction:
a multicenter, placebo-controlled, double-blind clinical study by Choi
YD, Park CW, Jang J, Kim SH, Jeon HY, Kim WG, Lee SJ, Chung WS(PubMed)
(9) Effects of tissue-cultured mountain ginseng (Panax ginseng CA Meyer) extract on male patients with erectile dysfunction by Kim TH, Jeon SH, Hahn EJ, Paek KY, Park JK, Youn NY, Lee HL.(PubMed)
(10) Quality and risk of bias in Panax ginseng randomized controlled trials: a review by Shergis JL, Zhang AL, Zhou W, Xue CC.(PubMed)
Mix vegetable herb broth with soft tofu
Recipe by 125 Chinese recipes with Bill Jones and Stephen Wong
1 tbsp. butter
1/2 cup diced onion
1 cup diced carrots
5 cups chicken stock or vegetable stock
3 tbsp. white or red miso paste
1 cup frozen peas
1 cup frozen corn kernels
1 lb. soft tofu, cut into 1/2 inch (1 cm) cubes
2tbsp. chopped basil
2 tbsp. chopped parsley, preferably flat-leaf Italian variety
1 tbsp. chopped chives
Season salt and freshly ground black pepper to taste
In a large saucepan or soup pot, melt butter over medium heat. Add onion and carrots; sauté for 1 minute, Add stock and miso and bring to a boil. Add peas and corn kernel; cook for 2 minutes. Skim off any impurities that float to the top.
Gently stir tofu and herbs into the soup and return to a boil. season to taste with seasoned salt and pepper. Removed from heat and serve immediately.
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1 tbsp. butter
1/2 cup diced onion
1 cup diced carrots
5 cups chicken stock or vegetable stock
3 tbsp. white or red miso paste
1 cup frozen peas
1 cup frozen corn kernels
1 lb. soft tofu, cut into 1/2 inch (1 cm) cubes
2tbsp. chopped basil
2 tbsp. chopped parsley, preferably flat-leaf Italian variety
1 tbsp. chopped chives
Season salt and freshly ground black pepper to taste
In a large saucepan or soup pot, melt butter over medium heat. Add onion and carrots; sauté for 1 minute, Add stock and miso and bring to a boil. Add peas and corn kernel; cook for 2 minutes. Skim off any impurities that float to the top.
Gently stir tofu and herbs into the soup and return to a boil. season to taste with seasoned salt and pepper. Removed from heat and serve immediately.
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Chile-Garlic vinaigrette
Recipe contributed by Cooking light, the complete Quick Cook, (A practical Guide to Smart,
Fast home Cooking) by Bruce Weinstein and Mark Scarborough, Publisher
Oxmoor House
The heat of chile isn't in seeds, it's in the white membranes ( the fruit's placenta) that hold the seeds to the chile. when cut, those membranes spray the chemical defense onto their seeds. for less heat, cut the top and bottom of the chile, then stand in upright on your cup board. Slice down between the chile and the membranes, removing the green fresh without cutting into the membranes.
1 tsp. chopped Serrano chile
1/4 tsp. salt
6 garlic groves, crushed
1 can anchovy fillet
3 tsp. red wine vinegar
2 tsp. water
2 tsp. fresh lemon juice
11/2 tsp. extra-virgin olive oil
Combine first 4 ingredients in a mortar, mash tom paste with a pestle. Combine chile paste mixture, vinegar and remaining ingredients in a small bowl, stirring with a whisk. Stored, cover in refrigerator for up to 1 week. Yield 3/4 cup. Serving size: 1 tsp.
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The heat of chile isn't in seeds, it's in the white membranes ( the fruit's placenta) that hold the seeds to the chile. when cut, those membranes spray the chemical defense onto their seeds. for less heat, cut the top and bottom of the chile, then stand in upright on your cup board. Slice down between the chile and the membranes, removing the green fresh without cutting into the membranes.
1 tsp. chopped Serrano chile
1/4 tsp. salt
6 garlic groves, crushed
1 can anchovy fillet
3 tsp. red wine vinegar
2 tsp. water
2 tsp. fresh lemon juice
11/2 tsp. extra-virgin olive oil
Combine first 4 ingredients in a mortar, mash tom paste with a pestle. Combine chile paste mixture, vinegar and remaining ingredients in a small bowl, stirring with a whisk. Stored, cover in refrigerator for up to 1 week. Yield 3/4 cup. Serving size: 1 tsp.
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Saturday, 14 June 2014
Herbal Cinnamon - The new generation for Treatment and Management of Diabetes
Kyle J. Norton
Cinnamon, a kitchen spicy in many cultures, may have gained many believers, including medical professions because of its anti diabetic effect, through regulating the blood glucose levels in healthy and diabetic subjects. According to herbalists, intake of 1/4 tsp. in the morning and evening may reduce the blood sugar significantly with little or no adverse side effects.
The herb has been use in herbal and traditional medicine as anti-fungal and bacteria level to improve reproductive organ, prevent flatulence and intestinal cramping, treat indigestion, diarrhea, bad breath, headache, migraine, etc.(1).
According to the 2011 statistic from National Diabetes InformationClearinghouse (NDIC), among U.S. residents ages 65 years and older, 10.9 million, or 26.9 percent, had diabetes in 2010, about 215,000 people younger than 20 years had diabetes—type 1 or type 2—in the United States in 2010 and approximately, 1.9 million people ages 20 years or older were newly diagnosed with diabetes in 2010 in the United States.
In a total of 66 patients with type 2 diabetes study conducted by Xuhui District Central Hospital, showed a reduction significant of blood triglyceride levels even in the low-dose group, after 3 months of oral administration(2)
Some researchers suggested that cinnamon extract improved fasting blood glucose levels and glucose tolerance without altering the insulin secretion, through lower triglyceride and increased liver glycogen content and improved insulin action in liver tissues(3).
Dr. Kim SH and Dr. Choung SY. told PubMed that "the effect of cinnamon in significantly increases insulin sensitivity, reduces serum, and hepatic lipids, and improves hyperglycemia and hyperlipidemia possibly by regulating the PPAR-medicated glucose and lipid metabolism"(4)
In support of the above, chromium(Cr) and polyphenols found in cinnamon (Cinnamomon cassia) indicated a improvement of glucose, insulin, cholesterol and HbA1c in patients with type 2 diabetes following Cr supplementation, in a double-blind placebo-controlled study(7).
Unfortunately, according to the Western University of Health Sciences, consumption of cinnamon is associated with a statistically significant decrease in levels of fasting plasma glucose, but insisted that high degree of heterogeneity may limit the ability to apply these results to patient care, due to the unclear preferred dose and duration of therapy(5)
A randomized clinical trial in which 70 Patients with type II diabetes assigned randomly two groups (35 in cinnamon and 35 in placebo group for the testing of the effect of cinnamon on the glucose level in blood, indicated an insignificant effect of using cinnamon on glucose level of diabetic patients and the herb should not be recommended to patients with type II diabetes depending on further studies(6).
Taken altogether, cinnamon in low dose may be effective in controlling the levels of blood glucose in patient with diabetes without altering the insulin level. according to DR. Georgakopoulou EA(7), Oral intake of Cinnamon may cause Stomatitis, and burning sensation in mouth with large amount. The traditional Chinese medicine also insisted that Overdoses of cinnamon can be toxic and damaged to liver(1).
Weight Loss the Easy Ways
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References
(1) @Popular Herbs -Cinnamon
(2) Cinnamon extract improves fasting blood glucose and glycosylated hemoglobin level in Chinese patients with type 2 diabetes by Lu T, Sheng H, Wu J, Cheng Y, Zhu J, Chen Y.(PubMed)
(3) Cinnamon extract improves insulin sensitivity in the brain and lowers liver fat in mouse models of obesity by Sartorius T1, Peter A2, Schulz N3, Drescher A2, Bergheim I4, Machann J5, Schick F6, Siegel-Axel D2, Schürmann A3, Weigert C1, Häring HU1, Hennige AM(PubMed)
(4) Antihyperglycemic and antihyperlipidemic action of Cinnamomi Cassiae (Cinnamon bark) extract in C57BL/Ks db/db mice by Kim SH1, Choung SY.(PubMed)
(5) Cinnamon use in type 2 diabetes: an updated systematic review and meta-analysis by Allen RW1, Schwartzman E, Baker WL, Coleman CI, Phung OJ.(PubMed)
(6) The Effect of Cinnamon on Glucose of Type II Diabetes Patients by Hasanzade F1, Toliat M2, Emami SA3, Emamimoghaadam Z(PubMed)
(7) Chromium and polyphenols from cinnamon improve insulin sensitivity by Anderson RA.(PubMed)
Cinnamon, a kitchen spicy in many cultures, may have gained many believers, including medical professions because of its anti diabetic effect, through regulating the blood glucose levels in healthy and diabetic subjects. According to herbalists, intake of 1/4 tsp. in the morning and evening may reduce the blood sugar significantly with little or no adverse side effects.
The herb has been use in herbal and traditional medicine as anti-fungal and bacteria level to improve reproductive organ, prevent flatulence and intestinal cramping, treat indigestion, diarrhea, bad breath, headache, migraine, etc.(1).
According to the 2011 statistic from National Diabetes InformationClearinghouse (NDIC), among U.S. residents ages 65 years and older, 10.9 million, or 26.9 percent, had diabetes in 2010, about 215,000 people younger than 20 years had diabetes—type 1 or type 2—in the United States in 2010 and approximately, 1.9 million people ages 20 years or older were newly diagnosed with diabetes in 2010 in the United States.
In a total of 66 patients with type 2 diabetes study conducted by Xuhui District Central Hospital, showed a reduction significant of blood triglyceride levels even in the low-dose group, after 3 months of oral administration(2)
Some researchers suggested that cinnamon extract improved fasting blood glucose levels and glucose tolerance without altering the insulin secretion, through lower triglyceride and increased liver glycogen content and improved insulin action in liver tissues(3).
Dr. Kim SH and Dr. Choung SY. told PubMed that "the effect of cinnamon in significantly increases insulin sensitivity, reduces serum, and hepatic lipids, and improves hyperglycemia and hyperlipidemia possibly by regulating the PPAR-medicated glucose and lipid metabolism"(4)
In support of the above, chromium(Cr) and polyphenols found in cinnamon (Cinnamomon cassia) indicated a improvement of glucose, insulin, cholesterol and HbA1c in patients with type 2 diabetes following Cr supplementation, in a double-blind placebo-controlled study(7).
Unfortunately, according to the Western University of Health Sciences, consumption of cinnamon is associated with a statistically significant decrease in levels of fasting plasma glucose, but insisted that high degree of heterogeneity may limit the ability to apply these results to patient care, due to the unclear preferred dose and duration of therapy(5)
A randomized clinical trial in which 70 Patients with type II diabetes assigned randomly two groups (35 in cinnamon and 35 in placebo group for the testing of the effect of cinnamon on the glucose level in blood, indicated an insignificant effect of using cinnamon on glucose level of diabetic patients and the herb should not be recommended to patients with type II diabetes depending on further studies(6).
Taken altogether, cinnamon in low dose may be effective in controlling the levels of blood glucose in patient with diabetes without altering the insulin level. according to DR. Georgakopoulou EA(7), Oral intake of Cinnamon may cause Stomatitis, and burning sensation in mouth with large amount. The traditional Chinese medicine also insisted that Overdoses of cinnamon can be toxic and damaged to liver(1).
Weight Loss the Easy Ways
Andrea Albright Featured on Health and Fitness Jan. 2015
will Personally Coach You How to Get There The Easy Way
If You Are Looking For a SoulMate
Celebrity Patti Stanger Will Coach You To Get Him/Her
and Keep Him/Her for Good,The Simple Way
Ovarian Cysts And PCOS Elimination
Holistic System In Existence That Will Show You How To
Permanently Eliminate All Types of Ovarian Cysts Within 2 Months
Back to Researched articles - Points of view of Vitamins, Foods and Herbs http://kylejnorton.blogspot.ca/p/blog-page_24.html
Back to Kyle J. Norton Home page http://kylejnorton.blogspot.ca
References
(1) @Popular Herbs -Cinnamon
(2) Cinnamon extract improves fasting blood glucose and glycosylated hemoglobin level in Chinese patients with type 2 diabetes by Lu T, Sheng H, Wu J, Cheng Y, Zhu J, Chen Y.(PubMed)
(3) Cinnamon extract improves insulin sensitivity in the brain and lowers liver fat in mouse models of obesity by Sartorius T1, Peter A2, Schulz N3, Drescher A2, Bergheim I4, Machann J5, Schick F6, Siegel-Axel D2, Schürmann A3, Weigert C1, Häring HU1, Hennige AM(PubMed)
(4) Antihyperglycemic and antihyperlipidemic action of Cinnamomi Cassiae (Cinnamon bark) extract in C57BL/Ks db/db mice by Kim SH1, Choung SY.(PubMed)
(5) Cinnamon use in type 2 diabetes: an updated systematic review and meta-analysis by Allen RW1, Schwartzman E, Baker WL, Coleman CI, Phung OJ.(PubMed)
(6) The Effect of Cinnamon on Glucose of Type II Diabetes Patients by Hasanzade F1, Toliat M2, Emami SA3, Emamimoghaadam Z(PubMed)
(7) Chromium and polyphenols from cinnamon improve insulin sensitivity by Anderson RA.(PubMed)
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