The Holistic prevention, management and treatment of Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome: TCM Herbal medicine for Spleen Yang deficiency - Du Zhong(Eucommia Bark)

By Kyle J. Norton
Health article writer and researcher; Over 10.000 articles and research papers have been written and published on line, including world wide health, ezine articles, article base, healthblogs, selfgrowth, best before it's news, the karate GB daily, etc.,.
Named TOP 50 MEDICAL ESSAYS FOR ARTISTS & AUTHORS TO READ by Disilgold.com Named 50 of the best health Tweeters Canada - Huffington Post
Nominated for shorty award over last 4 years
Some articles have been used as references in medical research, such as international journal Pharma and Bio science, ISSN 0975-6299.

Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome


Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome is defined as endocrinologic diseases among reproductive-age women caused by undeveloped follicles clumping on the ovaries that interferes with the function of the normal ovaries associated with a high risk for metabolic disorder(1) as resulting of enlarged ovaries(2), leading to hormone imbalance(excessive androgen and anti-müllerian hormone (AMH) )(1)(3)(4)(5), induced Hirsutism(6)(7), reproductive disorder(10(12)), risks of type 2 diabetes(9)(10)(11), metabolic syndrome(10)(12) and early cardiovasular disease(8)(13), acne(10)(14), endometrial cancer(18)(19),weight gain and obesity(15)(16)(17). The syndrome effects over 5% of women population or 1 in 20 women. Unfortunately, according to studies, women with PCOs after the reproductive age, are associated to continuously increase risk of type II diabetes, with no increasing altered glucose tolerance(20), CVD and hypertension(21).

In Traditional Chinese Medicine Perspective


While conventional medicine focus of using synthetic medication to induce ovulation and assisted artificial insemination for infertility couple, if the medicine fail, traditional Chinese medicine views polycystic ovarian syndrome in different approaches. Polycystic ovary syndrome, according to traditional Chinese medicine is a medical condition characterized by accumulative of fluid over a prolonged period of time causes of dampness and phlegms(1247a)(1247b) build up on the ovaries due to the effects of vary differentiations, affecting not only the women’s menstrual cycle, but also ovulation and fertility(1247a)(1247b).

PCOs Treatment according traditional Chinese medicine


Depending to differentiation, most common diagnosis of polycystic ovary syndrome can be classified into



Spleen yang deficiency


Spleen yang deficiency is a serve form of spleen qi deficiency, characterized by a condition of inability of spleen in distribution of fluid and nutrient to the body organs, in removal and descend the turbids(2072), causing malfunctions functions of the organs and fluid retention. Prolong period of spleen yang deficiency may induce the development of phlegm, including women with PCOs.
Women with PCOs diagnosed by spleen yang deficiency may also experience yang vacuity impelled cold expression of additional symptoms of abdominal pain(2074), lack of appetite(2076), fatigue(2075), lightheadedness(2075) and headache(2075), weakness of the four limbs(2077), diarrhea(2073)(2076), chilliness(2077), edema(2074), pale, swollen, wet tongue(2076) and weak, slow, deep pulse(2072),....
In the review of the Data base provided by PubMed, spleen qi deficiency may alter certain metabolic pathways, such as the energy, protein, and glycolytic metabolisms(2078), body weight and motor behavior(2079), skeletal muscle function(3080), blood glucose, lipid metabolism and fat-islet axie.(2081),.....

5.  Du Zhong(cortex Eucommiae Ulmoidis)
Du zhong, the sweet, slightly acrid, and warm herb, also known as eucommia bark used in traditional Chinese medicine as immune enhancer(2308)(2310),  diuretic(2311), sedative(2312), anti inflammatory(2313)(2314) advocate,....... and for treatment of chronic pain in lower back and knees, lack of strength, dizziness, impotence, irregular menses and frequent urination, unstable pregnancy, chronic pain in lower back and excessive movements of fetus,... as its tonifes the kidney and liver and enhances the functions of kidney and liver functions(2307).

Chemicals constituents(2309)
1. Betulin
2. Byringin
3. Pervoside A
4. Glucosyringic acid
5. Vanillic acid-beta-glucoside
6. Geniposide acid
7. Aucubin
8. Geniposide
9. Pinoresinol-4,4'-di-O-beta-D-glucopyranoside
10. Syringaresinol di-O-beta-D-glucopyranoside
11. Medioresinol di-O-beta-D-glucopyranoside
12. Sucrose
13. Ethyl beta-glucopyranoside
14. Etc.

In metabolic syndrome, du zhong showed to attenuate hypertension(2316)(2319)(2321) through exhibiting  beta-adrenergic blocking activity(2319) and regulating NO and renin-angiotensin system (RAS) and directly relaxing artery(2321); obesity(2316)(2317)(2318) and improve insulin resistance(2318) or hyperlipaemia(2318)(2316), through suppressed increases body weight(2317), white adipose tissue weight(2317), plasma triglyceride levels(2317) and free fatty acids level(2317) and through secretion and regulation of adipocytokines(2318); hyperglycemia(2323),
sexual dysfunction(2316), and complications of diabetes(2316)(2324) through antioxidant(2324) activity and altered the plasma and hepatic lipid levels by lowering the cholesterol and triglyceride concentrations, while elevating the plasma HDL-cholesterol level(2125).
Dr. Park and research team at the Yeungnam University said "Du-zhong extract is potentially beneficial for the prevention and management of complications of type 2 diabetes"(2324); and cardiovascular disease(2320) through reversed hypertensive vascular remodelling(2320)(2322)(2323) and inhibited angiotensin II (Ang II) expression in stimulated extracellular matrix biosynthesis in mesangial cell(2322)(2323)
According to study, compound FF16, compatibility of Rhodiola crenulata, Cordyceps militaris, and Rheum palmatum, was found effectively  in enhanced glucose-stimulated insulin secretion through increased islet amount, the enlarged islet area by protecting the pancreatic beta-cells(2315).

Ovarian Cysts And PCOS Elimination
Holistic System In Existence That Will Show You How To
Permanently Eliminate All Types of Ovarian Cysts Within 2 Months

References
(1) Adiposity and metabolic dysfunction in polycystic ovary syndrome by Sam S.(PubMed)
(2) A "kiss" before conception: triggering ovulation with kisspeptin-54 may improve IVF by Young SL.(PubMed)
(3.) Androgen hyperfunction and excessive heterosexual hair growth in women, with special attention to the polycystic ovarian syndrome by Lunde O1.(PubMed)
(4) Expression of anti-Müllerian hormone in letrozole rat model of polycystic ovary syndrome by Du DF1, Li XL, Fang F, Du MR.(PubMed)
(5) [Serum levels of anti-muller hormone in women with polycystic ovary syndrome and healthy women of reproductive age].[Article in Bulgarian] by Parahuleva N, Pehlivanov B, Orbecova M, Deneva T, Uchikova E.(PubMed)
(6) [Current opinions on the etiology and pathophysiology of hirsutism].[Article in Polish] by Krysiak R1, Kedzia A, Okopień B.(PubMed)
(7) The clinical evaluation of hirsutism by Somani N1, Harrison S, Bergfeld WF.(PubMed)
(8) Polycystic ovary syndrome and insulin: our understanding in the past, present and future by Mayer SB1, Evans WS, Nestler JE.(PubMed)
(9) Association of mean platelet volume with androgens and insulin resistance in nonobese patients with polycystic ovary syndrome by Dogan BA1, Arduc A2, Tuna MM1, Karakılıc E1, Dagdelen I1, Tutuncu Y1, Berker D1, Guler S1.(PubMed)
(10) Approach to the patient: contraception in women with polycystic ovary syndrome by Yildiz BO1.(PubMed)
(11) Polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS): a significant contributor to the overall burden of type 2 diabetes in women by Talbott EO1, Zborowski JV, Rager JR, Kip KE, Xu X, Orchard TJ.(PubMed)
(12) Prevalence of vitamin D deficiency in Slovak women with polycystic ovary syndrome and its relation to metabolic and reproductive abnormalities by Figurová J1, Dravecká I, Javorský M, Petríková J, Lazúrová I.(PubMed)
(13) Role of Insulin Sensitizers on Cardiovascular Risk Factors in Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome: A Meta-Analysis by Thethi TK1, Katalenich B2, Nagireddy P3, Chabbra P4, Kuhadiya N5, Fonseca V1.(PubMed)
(14) Acne in hirsute women by Lumezi BG1, Pupovci HL1, Berisha VL1, Goçi AU2, Gerqari A3.(PubMed)
(15) Obesity and polycystic ovary syndrome by Naderpoor N1, Shorakae S, Joham A, Boyle J, De Courten B, Teede HJ.(PubMed)
(16) Polycystic ovary syndrome: a complex condition with psychological, reproductive and metabolic manifestations that impacts on health across the lifespan by Teede H1, Deeks A, Moran L.(PubMed)
(17) Metabolic Evidence of Diminished Lipid Oxidation in Women WithPolycystic Ovary Syndrome. by Whigham LD1, Butz DE2, Dashti H3, Tonelli M3, Johnson LK1, Cook ME2, Porter WP4, Eghbalnia HR5, Markley JL6, Lindheim SR7, Schoeller DA8, Abbott DH9, Assadi-Porter FM10.(PubMed)
(18) Risk of endometrial, ovarian and breast cancer in women with polycystic ovary syndrome: a systematic review and meta-analysis by Barry JA1, Azizia MM1, Hardiman PJ2.(PubMed)
(19) Risk of cancer among women with polycystic ovary syndrome: a Danish cohort study by Gottschau M1, Kjaer SK2, Jensen A1, Munk C1, Mellemkjaer L3.(PubMed)
(20) Polycystic ovary syndrome: metabolic consequences and long-term management by Carmina E1.(PubMed)
(21) Arterial stiffness is increased in asymptomatic nondiabetic postmenopausal women with a polycystic ovary syndrome phenotype by Armeni E1, Stamatelopoulos K, Rizos D, Georgiopoulos G, Kazani M, Kazani A, Kolyviras A, Stellos K, Panoulis K, Alexandrou A, Creatsa M, Papamichael C, Lambrinoudaki I.(PubMed)
(1246) [Clinical study of area of Jiangsu province of polycystic ovarian syndrome correlation distribution of traditional Chinese medicine syndrome type and improper diet]. [Article in Chinese] by Feng Y, Gao YP.(PubMed)
(1247) [Preliminary study on relationship of disease-syndrome-symptom of ovulatory disorder infertility based on factor analysis]. [Article in Chinese] by Li M, Ma K, Shan, J.(PubMed)
(1247a) A Comprehensive Treatment of Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome (PCOS) bny by Liqin Zhao
(2072) Spleen, Earth
(2073) [Research on building method of spleen kidney Yang deficiency diarrhea rats model]. [Article in Chinese] by Pan X, Hu CJ, Geng YY, Zhao L, Wu WH, Wu XQ, Zhong ZD.(PubMed)
(2074) Treatment of an elderly patient with acute abdominal pain with traditional Korean medicine by Son CG1.(PubMed)
(2075) Shenzhu Tiaopi granule combined with lifestyle intervention therapy for impaired glucose tolerance: a randomized controlled trial by Fang Z1, Zhao J2, Shi G3, Shu Y3, Ni Y3, Wang H3, Ding L3, Lu R3, Li J3, Zhu X3, Cheng S4, Zhang X3, Liu Y5, Wang J6, Luo Y3, Fan Q3, Guo C3, Jiang T3, Wu Q3, Fan L3, Ling H3, Cui L3, Luo Y3, Yang H3, Anderson RM7.(PubMed)
(2075) Direct moxibustion to treat spleen qi and yang deficiency fatigue: a pilot study by Thorne TL1, Hanes DA2, Wild H3, Colbert A4.(PubMed)
(2076) [Clinical observation on fuzhong (supporting the middle-jiao) manipulation of tuina for infantile anorexia]. [Article in Chinese] by Wang YY, Liu XY.(PubMed)
(2077) [Effect of umbilicus moxibustion therapy on physical conditions of yang-deficiency volunteers]. [Article in Chinese] by Zhang YY1.(PubMed)
(2078) Analysis of the restorative effect of Bu-zhong-yi-qi-tang in the spleen-qi deficiency rat model using (1)H-NMR-based metabonomics by Zheng XF1, Tian JS2, Liu P3, Xing J1, Qin XM1.(PubMed)
(2079) [1H NMR based metabolomics study of bu-zhong-yi-qi-tang in the spleen-qi deficiency rat model]. [Article in Chinese] by Chen L, Xiang H, Xing J, Tian JS, Qin XM, Du GH.(PubMed)
(2080) Bufei Jianpi granules improve skeletal muscle and mitochondrial dysfunction in rats with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease by Dong Y1,2, Li Y3,4,5, Sun Y6, Mao J7, Yao F8, Tian Y9, Wang L10, Li L11, Li S12,13,14, Li J15,16,17(PubMed)
(2081) [Clinical observation on obesity and hyperlipidemia of liver qi stagnation and spleen deficiency pattern in female patients treated with combined therapy of acupuncture and tapping method]. [Article in Chinese] by Wu B, Liu ZC, Xu B.(PubMed)
(2307)Du zhong((Complementary and Alternative Healing University)
(2308) The effects of certain immunity systemic advuvants, PHA, and human gamma globulin on the thymic cortex of mice: a light and electron microscope study by Khalil A, Rappaport H, Dantchev D, Florentin I, Bourut C.(PubMed)
(2309)[Chemical constituents of Eucommia ulmoides]. [Article in Chinese] by Wang SY, Ding LF, Wu XD, Wang HY, Zhao QS, Song LD.(PubMed)
(2310) [Comparison of immunity improving effects of different processed cortex Eucommiae] [Article in Chinese] by Zhu Y1, Hao W, Li X.(PubMed)
(2311) Chinese Acupuncture and Herbal Medicine Clinical Reference By Paul Robin, Paul Brecher
(2312) [Adjunctive treatment of axial undifferentiated spondyloarthritis by Qiangji Recipe: a clinical study]. [Article in Chinese] by He MY, Fan FY.(PubMed)
(2313) [Effect of bushen qiangdu recipe on osteoporosis and bone loss of patients with ankylosing spondylitis]. [Article in Chinese] by Wang H1, Yan XP, Kong WP.(PubMed)
(2314) Elucidation of anti-inflammatory potencies of Eucommia ulmoides bark and Plantago asiatica seeds by Kim BH1, Park KS, Chang IM.(PubMed)
(2315) [Investigation of a compound, compatibility of Rhodiola crenulata, Cordyceps militaris, and Rheum palmatum on metabolic syndrome treatment III--controlling blood glucose]. [Article in Chinese]  by Tian JY1, Chen L, Zhang XL, Li J, Han J, Yang XM, Zhang PC, Du PG, An LP, Ye F.(PubMed)
(2316) Eucommia ulmoides Oliv.: ethnopharmacology, phytochemistry and pharmacology of an important traditional Chinese medicine. He X1, Wang J2, Li M3, Hao D1, Yang Y4, Zhang C1, He R1, Tao R5.(PubMed)
(2317) Anti-obesity compounds in green leaves of Eucommia ulmoides by Hirata T1, Kobayashi T, Wada A, Ueda T, Fujikawa T, Miyashita H, Ikeda T, Tsukamoto S, Nohara T.(PubMed)
(2318) Chronic administration of Eucommia leaf stimulates metabolic function of rats across several organs by Fujikawa T1, Hirata T, Wada A, Kawamura N, Yamaguchi Y, Fujimura K, Ueda T, Yurugi Y, Soya H, Nishibe S.(PubMed)
(2319) A clinical trial testing the safety and efficacy of a standardized Eucommia ulmoides Oliver bark extract to treat hypertension by Greenway F1, Liu Z, Yu Y, Gupta A.(PubMed)
(2320) Effects of lignans extracted from Eucommia ulmoides and aldose reductase inhibitor epalrestat on hypertensive vascular remodeling by Gu J1, Wang JJ, Yan J, Cui CF, Wu WH, Li L, Wang ZS, Yu M, Gao N, Liu L, Ouyang DS.(PubMed)
(2321) Antihypertensive effect of Eucommia ulmoides Oliv. extracts in spontaneously hypertensive rats by Luo LF1, Wu WH, Zhou YJ, Yan J, Yang GP, Ouyang DS.(PubMed)
(2322) Role of angiotensin II in blood pressure regulation and in the pathophysiology of cardiovascular disorders by Fyhrquist F1, Metsärinne K, Tikkanen I.(PubMed)
(2323) Lignans from the bark of Eucommia ulmoides inhibited Ang II-stimulated extracellular matrix biosynthesis in mesangial cells by Li ZY, Deng XL, Huang WH, Li L, Li H, Jing X, Tian YY, Lv PY, Yang TL, Zhou HH, Ouyang DS1.(PubMed)
(2324) Eucommia ulmoides Oliver leaf extract increases endogenous antioxidant activity in type 2 diabetic mice by Park SA1, Choi MS, Jung UJ, Kim MJ, Kim DJ, Park HM, Park YB, Lee MK.(PubMed)
(2325) Hypoglycemic and hypolipidemic action of Du-zhong (Eucommia ulmoides Oliver) leaves water extract in C57BL/KsJ-db/db mice by Park SA1, Choi MS, Kim MJ, Jung UJ, Kim HJ, Park KK, Noh HJ, Park HM, Park YB, Lee JS, Lee MK.(PubMed)

The Holistic prevention, management and treatment of Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome: TCM recommended Foods for Spleen Yang deficiency - Pomegranates

By Kyle J. Norton
Health article writer and researcher; Over 10.000 articles and research papers have been written and published on line, including world wide health, ezine articles, article base, healthblogs, selfgrowth, best before it's news, the karate GB daily, etc.,.
Named TOP 50 MEDICAL ESSAYS FOR ARTISTS & AUTHORS TO READ by Disilgold.com Named 50 of the best health Tweeters Canada - Huffington Post
Nominated for shorty award over last 4 years
Some articles have been used as references in medical research, such as international journal Pharma and Bio science, ISSN 0975-6299.

Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome


Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome is defined as endocrinologic diseases among reproductive-age women caused by undeveloped follicles clumping on the ovaries that interferes with the function of the normal ovaries associated with a high risk for metabolic disorder(1) as resulting of enlarged ovaries(2), leading to hormone imbalance(excessive androgen and anti-müllerian hormone (AMH) )(1)(3)(4)(5), induced Hirsutism(6)(7), reproductive disorder(10(12)), risks of type 2 diabetes(9)(10)(11), metabolic syndrome(10)(12) and early cardiovasular disease(8)(13), acne(10)(14), endometrial cancer(18)(19),weight gain and obesity(15)(16)(17). The syndrome effects over 5% of women population or 1 in 20 women. Unfortunately, according to studies, women with PCOs after the reproductive age, are associated to continuously increase risk of type II diabetes, with no increasing altered glucose tolerance(20), CVD and hypertension(21).

In Traditional Chinese Medicine Perspective


While conventional medicine focus of using synthetic medication to induce ovulation and assisted artificial insemination for infertility couple, if the medicine fail, traditional Chinese medicine views polycystic ovarian syndrome in different approaches. Polycystic ovary syndrome, according to traditional Chinese medicine is a medical condition characterized by accumulative of fluid over a prolonged period of time causes of dampness and phlegms(1247a)(1247b) build up on the ovaries due to the effects of vary differentiations, affecting not only the women’s menstrual cycle, but also ovulation and fertility(1247a)(1247b).

PCOs Treatment according traditional Chinese medicine


Depending to differentiation, most common diagnosis of polycystic ovary syndrome can be classified into



Spleen yang deficiency


Spleen yang deficiency is a serve form of spleen qi deficiency, characterized by a condition of inability of spleen in distribution of fluid and nutrient to the body organs, in removal and descend the turbids(2072), causing malfunctions functions of the organs and fluid retention. Prolong period of spleen yang deficiency may induce the development of phlegm, including women with PCOs.
Women with PCOs diagnosed by spleen yang deficiency may also experience yang vacuity impelled cold expression of additional symptoms of abdominal pain(2074), lack of appetite(2076), fatigue(2075), lightheadedness(2075) and headache(2075), weakness of the four limbs(2077), diarrhea(2073)(2076), chilliness(2077), edema(2074), pale, swollen, wet tongue(2076) and weak, slow, deep pulse(2072),....
In the review of the Data base provided by PubMed, spleen qi deficiency may alter certain metabolic pathways, such as the energy, protein, and glycolytic metabolisms(2078), body weight and motor behavior(2079), skeletal muscle function(3080), blood glucose, lipid metabolism and fat-islet axie.(2081),.....

TCM Herbal Medicine recommended for Treatment of PCOs induced by spleen yang deficiency

3. Huang qi (Astragalus, Astragalus membranaceus)(1045)

(See The Insulin resistance improvement and/or anti metabolic syndrome herbs for more information)

Huang Qi or Bei Qi is also known as Astragalus root. The sweet herb has been used as diuretic agent and to lower blood pressure(2264)(2265) and increase blood pressure in high dose(1045), lessen proteinuria(2266)(2267), improve endurance(2268)(2269), protect liver against diseases(2270)(2271)(2272) and renal diseases(2273)(2274)(2275),........ as it tonifies qi, raises yang, strengthens the defensive-qi and the exterior, expels toxins, etc.,...... by enhancing the functions of lung and spleen channels(1045).

Chemical constituents
1. Astragaloside I,
2. Astragaloside II,
3. Daucosterol,
3. Beta-sitosterol,
4. Palmitic acid
5. Astragalus saponin A,B,C
6. Astramenbrangenin
7. Kumatakenin,
8. Choline,
9. Betaine,
10. Folic acid
11. Calyxosin,
12. Formononetin,
13. Cycloastragenol,
14. Astragaloside III,IV
15. Antibacterial ingredient,
16. L-3-hydroxy-9-methoxpterocarpan
17. Etc.(1045)

Epidemiological studies showed that astragalus polysaccharides (APS) ameliorates insulin resistance(1046)(1047) (IR) in rat cells and to elucidate the associated mechanisms, including increasing adiponectin secretion and reducing IL-6 secretion(1046), decreasing myostatin expression(1047), improving beta cell function(1049), regulating insulin signalling in insulin-resistant skeletal muscle(1047)(1048). insulin resistance related mRNA expression(1049), etc.
In metabolic syndrome, including increased body weight(1050), mild hypertension(1050), hyper insulinemia(1050), hyper triglyceridemia(1050), impaired glucose tolerance(1050)(1053) and impaired endothelium-dependent vasorelaxation(1050)(1051)(1052), astragaloside IV, a major constituent found in astragalus showed effectively in ameliorating metabolic syndrome(1050)(1052), probably through its antioxidant(1051), inhibition of abnormal TNF-alpha-induced intracellular free Ca(2+) accumulation in endothelial cells(1052), decreasing the elevated expression and activity in the skeletal muscles(1053).
On obesity, triterpene aglycone derived from Radix astragali and the whole herb alleviated obesity, through regulating intracellular calcium(2276), improving impaired endothelial dysfunction(2277) respectively.
On complications of diabetes, astragalus polysaccharides may be the next generation extract for treatment of diabetes due to its effects on correcting the imbalance between the Th1/Th2(T lymphocyte) cytokines(2278), downregulating ROS-ERK-NF-κB pathway(2279) and antioxidant activity(2280)
and on cardiovascular disease, astragalus polysaccharide (APS), astragaloside IV and total flavone of astragalus (TFA) attenuated Iso-induced cardiac hypertrophy(2281)(2282) and cardiac inflammation(2282), ischemia/reperfusion injury(2283) respectively trough vary mechanisms

Ovarian Cysts And PCOS Elimination
Holistic System In Existence That Will Show You How To
Permanently Eliminate All Types of Ovarian Cysts Within 2 Months

References
(1) Adiposity and metabolic dysfunction in polycystic ovary syndrome by Sam S.(PubMed)
(2) A "kiss" before conception: triggering ovulation with kisspeptin-54 may improve IVF by Young SL.(PubMed)
(3.) Androgen hyperfunction and excessive heterosexual hair growth in women, with special attention to the polycystic ovarian syndrome by Lunde O1.(PubMed)
(4) Expression of anti-Müllerian hormone in letrozole rat model of polycystic ovary syndrome by Du DF1, Li XL, Fang F, Du MR.(PubMed)
(5) [Serum levels of anti-muller hormone in women with polycystic ovary syndrome and healthy women of reproductive age].[Article in Bulgarian] by Parahuleva N, Pehlivanov B, Orbecova M, Deneva T, Uchikova E.(PubMed)
(6) [Current opinions on the etiology and pathophysiology of hirsutism].[Article in Polish] by Krysiak R1, Kedzia A, Okopień B.(PubMed)
(7) The clinical evaluation of hirsutism by Somani N1, Harrison S, Bergfeld WF.(PubMed)
(8) Polycystic ovary syndrome and insulin: our understanding in the past, present and future by Mayer SB1, Evans WS, Nestler JE.(PubMed)
(9) Association of mean platelet volume with androgens and insulin resistance in nonobese patients with polycystic ovary syndrome by Dogan BA1, Arduc A2, Tuna MM1, Karakılıc E1, Dagdelen I1, Tutuncu Y1, Berker D1, Guler S1.(PubMed)
(10) Approach to the patient: contraception in women with polycystic ovary syndrome by Yildiz BO1.(PubMed)
(11) Polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS): a significant contributor to the overall burden of type 2 diabetes in women by Talbott EO1, Zborowski JV, Rager JR, Kip KE, Xu X, Orchard TJ.(PubMed)
(12) Prevalence of vitamin D deficiency in Slovak women with polycystic ovary syndrome and its relation to metabolic and reproductive abnormalities by Figurová J1, Dravecká I, Javorský M, Petríková J, Lazúrová I.(PubMed)
(13) Role of Insulin Sensitizers on Cardiovascular Risk Factors in Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome: A Meta-Analysis by Thethi TK1, Katalenich B2, Nagireddy P3, Chabbra P4, Kuhadiya N5, Fonseca V1.(PubMed)
(14) Acne in hirsute women by Lumezi BG1, Pupovci HL1, Berisha VL1, Goçi AU2, Gerqari A3.(PubMed)
(15) Obesity and polycystic ovary syndrome by Naderpoor N1, Shorakae S, Joham A, Boyle J, De Courten B, Teede HJ.(PubMed)
(16) Polycystic ovary syndrome: a complex condition with psychological, reproductive and metabolic manifestations that impacts on health across the lifespan by Teede H1, Deeks A, Moran L.(PubMed)
(17) Metabolic Evidence of Diminished Lipid Oxidation in Women WithPolycystic Ovary Syndrome. by Whigham LD1, Butz DE2, Dashti H3, Tonelli M3, Johnson LK1, Cook ME2, Porter WP4, Eghbalnia HR5, Markley JL6, Lindheim SR7, Schoeller DA8, Abbott DH9, Assadi-Porter FM10.(PubMed)
(18) Risk of endometrial, ovarian and breast cancer in women with polycystic ovary syndrome: a systematic review and meta-analysis by Barry JA1, Azizia MM1, Hardiman PJ2.(PubMed)
(19) Risk of cancer among women with polycystic ovary syndrome: a Danish cohort study by Gottschau M1, Kjaer SK2, Jensen A1, Munk C1, Mellemkjaer L3.(PubMed)
(20) Polycystic ovary syndrome: metabolic consequences and long-term management by Carmina E1.(PubMed)
(21) Arterial stiffness is increased in asymptomatic nondiabetic postmenopausal women with a polycystic ovary syndrome phenotype by Armeni E1, Stamatelopoulos K, Rizos D, Georgiopoulos G, Kazani M, Kazani A, Kolyviras A, Stellos K, Panoulis K, Alexandrou A, Creatsa M, Papamichael C, Lambrinoudaki I.(PubMed)
(1246) [Clinical study of area of Jiangsu province of polycystic ovarian syndrome correlation distribution of traditional Chinese medicine syndrome type and improper diet]. [Article in Chinese] by Feng Y, Gao YP.(PubMed)
(1247) [Preliminary study on relationship of disease-syndrome-symptom of ovulatory disorder infertility based on factor analysis]. [Article in Chinese] by Li M, Ma K, Shan, J.(PubMed)
(1247a) A Comprehensive Treatment of Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome (PCOS) bny by Liqin Zhao
(2072) Spleen, Earth
(2073) [Research on building method of spleen kidney Yang deficiency diarrhea rats model]. [Article in Chinese] by Pan X, Hu CJ, Geng YY, Zhao L, Wu WH, Wu XQ, Zhong ZD.(PubMed)
(2074) Treatment of an elderly patient with acute abdominal pain with traditional Korean medicine by Son CG1.(PubMed)
(2075) Shenzhu Tiaopi granule combined with lifestyle intervention therapy for impaired glucose tolerance: a randomized controlled trial by Fang Z1, Zhao J2, Shi G3, Shu Y3, Ni Y3, Wang H3, Ding L3, Lu R3, Li J3, Zhu X3, Cheng S4, Zhang X3, Liu Y5, Wang J6, Luo Y3, Fan Q3, Guo C3, Jiang T3, Wu Q3, Fan L3, Ling H3, Cui L3, Luo Y3, Yang H3, Anderson RM7.(PubMed)
(2075) Direct moxibustion to treat spleen qi and yang deficiency fatigue: a pilot study by Thorne TL1, Hanes DA2, Wild H3, Colbert A4.(PubMed)
(2076) [Clinical observation on fuzhong (supporting the middle-jiao) manipulation of tuina for infantile anorexia]. [Article in Chinese] by Wang YY, Liu XY.(PubMed)
(2077) [Effect of umbilicus moxibustion therapy on physical conditions of yang-deficiency volunteers]. [Article in Chinese] by Zhang YY1.(PubMed)
(2078) Analysis of the restorative effect of Bu-zhong-yi-qi-tang in the spleen-qi deficiency rat model using (1)H-NMR-based metabonomics by Zheng XF1, Tian JS2, Liu P3, Xing J1, Qin XM1.(PubMed)
(2079) [1H NMR based metabolomics study of bu-zhong-yi-qi-tang in the spleen-qi deficiency rat model]. [Article in Chinese] by Chen L, Xiang H, Xing J, Tian JS, Qin XM, Du GH.(PubMed)
(2080) Bufei Jianpi granules improve skeletal muscle and mitochondrial dysfunction in rats with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease by Dong Y1,2, Li Y3,4,5, Sun Y6, Mao J7, Yao F8, Tian Y9, Wang L10, Li L11, Li S12,13,14, Li J15,16,17(PubMed)
(2081) [Clinical observation on obesity and hyperlipidemia of liver qi stagnation and spleen deficiency pattern in female patients treated with combined therapy of acupuncture and tapping method]. [Article in Chinese] by Wu B, Liu ZC, Xu B.(PubMed)
(2264) Anti-hypertensive effects of shichimotsukokato in 5/6 nephrectomized Wistar rats mediated by the DDAH-ADMA-NO pathway by Bai F1, Makino T, Ono T, Mizukami H.(PubMed)
(2265) [Effects of Salviae miltiorrhizae and salvianolic acid B on microcirculation of liver in mice with portal hypertension]. [Article in Chinese] by Tian T1, Xu LM.(PubMed)
(2266) Astragaloside IV attenuates proteinuria in streptozotocin-induced diabetic nephropathy via the inhibition of endoplasmic reticulum stress by Wang ZS1, Xiong F2, Xie XH3, Chen D4, Pan JH5, Cheng L6.(PubMed)
(2267) [Changes in proteinuria, renal function and immunity after treatment with injections of a solution of Astragalus membranaceus]. [Article in Chinese] by Dong DC, Zhou LF, Chen JX.(PubMed)
(2268) Astragalus membranaceus improves exercise performance and ameliorates exercise-induced fatigue in trained mice by Yeh TS1, Chuang HL2, Huang WC3, Chen YM4, Huang CC5, Hsu MC6.(PubMed)
(2269) Astragalus membranaceus flavonoids (AMF) ameliorate chronic fatigue syndrome induced by food intake restriction plus forced swimming by Kuo YH1, Tsai WJ, Loke SH, Wu TS, Chiou WF.(PubMed)
(2270) Protective effect of extract from Paeonia lactiflora and Astragalus membranaceus against liver injury induced by bacillus Calmette-Guérin and lipopolysaccharide in mice by Sun WY1, Wei W, Gui SY, Wu L, Wang H.(PubMed)
(2271) Effects and mechanisms of extract from Paeonia lactiflora and Astragalus membranaceus on liver fibrosis induced by carbon tetrachloride in rats by Sun WY1, Wei W, Wu L, Gui SY, Wang H.(PubMed)
(2272) Compound Astragalus and Salvia miltiorrhiza extracts modulate MAPK-regulated TGF-β/Smad signaling in hepatocellular carcinoma by multi-target mechanism by Boye A1, Wu C1, Jiang Y1, Wang J1, Wu J1, Yang X1, Yang Y2.(PubMed)
(2273) Astragalus (a traditional Chinese medicine) for treating chronic kidney disease by Zhang HW1, Lin ZX, Xu C, Leung C, Chan LS.(PubMed)
(2274) Effects of an astragalus polysaccharide and rhein combination on apoptosis in rats with chronic renal failure. by Lian Y1, Xie L1, Chen M2, Chen L3.(PubMed)
(2275) [Therapeutic effect of Astragalus and Angelica mixture on the renal function and TCM syndrome factors in treating stage 3 and 4 chronic kidney disease patients]. [Article in Chinese] by Li S, Yin XX, Su T, Cao C, Li X, Rao XR, Li X.(PubMed)
(2276) Cycloastragenol, a triterpene aglycone derived from Radix astragali, suppresses the accumulation of cytoplasmic lipid droplet in 3T3-L1 adipocytes by Wang S1, Zhai C1, Liu Q1, Wang X1, Ren Z1, Zhang Y1, Zhang Y1, Wu Q2, Sun S2, Li S3, Qiao Y4.(PubMed)
(2277) [Radix Astragali improves impaired endothelial dependent vasodilation in obese rat]. [Article in Chinese] by Deng G1, Yu YR.(PubMed)
(2278) Astragalus polysaccharides: an effective treatment for diabetes prevention in NOD mice by Chen W1, Li Y-, Yu M-.(PubMed)
(2279) Astragalus polysaccharide suppresses skeletal muscle myostatin expression in diabetes: involvement of ROS-ERK and NF-κB pathways by Liu M1, Qin J2, Hao Y3, Liu M4, Luo J5, Luo T4, Wei L6.(PubMed)
(2280) [Clinical evaluation of the antioxidant activity of astragalus in women with gestational diabetes]. [Article in Chinese] by Liang HY1, Hou F, Ding YL, Zhang WN, Huang XH, Zhang BY, Liu Y.(PubMed)
(2281) Astragalus polysaccharide attenuates isoproterenol-induced cardiac hypertrophy by regulating TNF-α/PGC-1α signaling mediated energy biosynthesis by Luan A1, Tang F2, Yang Y2, Lu M2, Wang H3, Zhang Y4.(PubMed)
(2282) Astragaloside IV protects against isoproterenol-induced cardiac hypertrophy by regulating NF-κB/PGC-1α signaling mediated energy biosynthesis by Zhang S1, Tang F1, Yang Y1, Lu M1, Luan A1, Zhang J1, Yang J1, Wang H1.(PubMed)
(2283) [Effects of astragalus and its active ingredients on ischemia reperfusion injury in isolated guinea-pig heart]. [Article in Chinese] by Zhang H1, Min D, Fu M, Tian J, Wang Q, An X2.(PubMed)

The 2nd edition of The holistic Prevention, Management and Treatment of Dementia under The Microscope of Conventional Medicine - Free radical causes of Multiple Sclerosis

Kyle J. Norton (Scholar)

Health article writer and researcher; Over 10.000 articles and research papers have been written and published on line, including world wide health, ezine articles, article base, healthblogs, selfgrowth, best before it's news, the karate GB daily, etc.,.
Named TOP 50 MEDICAL ESSAYS FOR ARTISTS & AUTHORS TO READ by Disilgold.com Named 50 of the best health Tweeters Canada - Huffington Post
Nominated for shorty award over last 4 years
Some articles have been used as references in medical research, such as international journal Pharma and Bio science, ISSN 0975-6299.

Abstract
Dementia is defined as neuro degeneration syndrome among elder, affecting memory, thinking, orientation, comprehension, calculation, learning capacity, language, and judgement over 47 millions
of worldwide population, mostly in the West. The evaluation of the syndrome by holistic medicine has been lacking, especially through conventional medicine research and studies. The aim of this essay is to provide accurate information of how effective of holistic medicine in prevention, management and treatment of dementia through searching data base of PubMed.
This is the third time, a research paper has been written this way to general public that you will not find any where in the net.

Causes of dementia
B. Free radical causes of dementia
B.3. Multiple Sclerosis
1. Free radicals and Multiple Sclerosis
Free radical activity is a contributory factors in MS(60) due to proinflammatory cytokines in free radicals production in the peripheral immune and central nervous system (CNS)(60).

2. Antioxidants and Multiple sclerosis
Antioxidants protect the neural tissues from damage against inflammation caused by oxidative stress.
a. TNFalpha
TNFalpha, an imflammatory cytokine showed to associate with MS inhibited by antioxidants(61)) of green tea(62), and curcumin(63).

b. Melatonin
Melatonin functions as an antioxidant has the ability to protect neurons(65)(66) from free radicals cause of lipid peroxidation(64).

c Selenium
Some studies found that the level of selenium in the blood of people with MS was lower than in that of people without(67)(68). In patients with MS, all abnormalities may be normalized by daily intake of selenium(69),

d. Niacin
Niacin acting as antioxidant is a key to the successful treatment of multiple sclerosis, profoundly prevents the degeneration(70) of demyelinated axons and improves the behavioral deficits(71).

e. Vitamin D
Serum of 25(OH)D level showed to regulate expression dynamics of a large gene-gene interaction system in immune modulatory processes of MSactivity(72). According to the study published by the journal Neurology, group receiving vitamin D supplement demonstrated a remarkable 41 percent reduction in new MS events with no meaningful side effects(73).

f. Etc.

References

(60) Reduction of free radicals in multiple sclerosis: effect of glatiramer acetate (Copaxone) by 

Iarlori C1, Gambi D, Lugaresi A, Patruno A, Felaco M, Salvatore M, Speranza L, Reale M.(PubMed)

(61) IL-1, IL-1R and TNFalpha gene polymorphisms in Iranian patients with multiple sclerosis. by
Sarial S1, Shokrgozar MA, Amirzargar A, Shokri F, Radfar J, Zohrevand P, Arjang Z, Sahraian MA, Lotfi J.(PubMed)

(62) Epigalloccatechin-3-gallate inhibits ocular neovascularization and vascular permeability in human retinal pigment epithelial and human retinal microvascular endothelial cells via suppression of MMP-9 and VEGF activation by Lee HS1, Jun JH2, Jung EH3, Koo BA4, Kim YS5.(PubMed)

(63) Curcumin inhibits TNFalpha-induced lectin-like oxidised LDL receptor-1 (LOX-1) expression and suppresses the inflammatory response in human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) by an antioxidant mechanism by Lee HS1, Lee MJ, Kim H, Choi SK, Kim JE, Moon HI, Park WH.(PubMed)

(64) [The influence of melatonin on lipid peroxidation and antioxidant enzymes activity during multiply repetitive stress actions].[Article in Russian] by Serikov VS, Liashev IuD.(PubMed)

(65) Melatonin augments hypothermic neuroprotection in a perinatal asphyxia model.by Robertson NJ1, Faulkner S, Fleiss B, Bainbridge A, Andorka C, Price D, Powell E, Lecky-Thompson L, Thei L, Chandrasekaran M, Hristova M, Cady EB,Gressens P, Golay X, Raivich G.(PubMed)

(66) Therapeutic potential of melatonin and its analogs in Parkinson's disease: focus on sleep and neuroprotection.by Srinivasan V1, Cardinali DP, Srinivasan US, Kaur C, Brown GM, Spence DW, Hardeland R, Pandi-Perumal SR.(PubMed)

(67) High dose antioxidant supplementation to MS patients. Effects on glutathione peroxidase, clinical safety, and absorption of selenium. by Mai J1, Sørensen PS, Hansen JC.(PubMed)

(68) Oxidative stress in patients with multiple sclerosis. by Syburra C1, Passi S.(PubMed)

(69) Selenium in chronic neurologic diseases. Multiple sclerosis and Batten's disease by Clausen J1, Jensen GE, Nielsen SA.(PubMed)

(70) The biochemical pathways of central nervous system neural degeneration in niacin deficiency byFu L1, Doreswamy V2, Prakash R2.(PubMed)

(71) Nutrition and performance in children. by Fanjiang G1, Kleinman RE.(PubMed)

(72) Molecular mechanism underlying the impact of vitamin D on disease activity of MS.by Munger KL1, Köchert K2, Simon KC1, Kappos L3, Polman CH4, Freedman MS5, Hartung HP6, Miller DH7, Montalbán X8, Edan G9, Barkhof F4, Pleimes D2,Sandbrink R10, Ascherio A1, Pohl C11.(PubMed)

 (73) Vitamin D: The Multiple Sclerosis Connection by David Perlmutter, M.D. (The Huffington post)

The 2nd edition of The holistic Prevention, Management and Treatment of Dementia under The Microscope of Conventional Medicine - Free radical causes of Parkinson's disease

Kyle J. Norton (Scholar)

Health article writer and researcher; Over 10.000 articles and research papers have been written and published on line, including world wide health, ezine articles, article base, healthblogs, selfgrowth, best before it's news, the karate GB daily, etc.,.
Named TOP 50 MEDICAL ESSAYS FOR ARTISTS & AUTHORS TO READ by Disilgold.com Named 50 of the best health Tweeters Canada - Huffington Post
Nominated for shorty award over last 4 years
Some articles have been used as references in medical research, such as international journal Pharma and Bio science, ISSN 0975-6299.

Abstract
Dementia is defined as neuro degeneration syndrome among elder, affecting memory, thinking, orientation, comprehension, calculation, learning capacity, language, and judgement over 47 millions
of worldwide population, mostly in the West. The evaluation of the syndrome by holistic medicine has been lacking, especially through conventional medicine research and studies. The aim of this essay is to provide accurate information of how effective of holistic medicine in prevention, management and treatment of dementia through searching data base of PubMed.
This is the third time, a research paper has been written this way to general public that you will not find any where in the net.

Causes of dementia
B. Free radical causes of dementia
B.2. Parkinson's disease
1. Free radicals and Parkinson's disease
Patients with Parkinson's disease have low levels of polyunsaturated fat in the substania nigra(44)(45). Also patients with the disease found to contain waste pigments of lipofusion(46) and other polymers in the neurons(47) where dopamine is most active.

2. Aging and Parkinson's disease
According to Julius-Maximilians-University, physiological aging and OS-dependent aggregation of proteins, accompanied with environment toxins(49) are found to associate to the progression of the disease(48).

3. Antioxidants and Parkinson's disease
Antioxidants play an vital role for patients with Parkinson's disease.
a. Superoxide dismutase
Researcher found that the progression of the disease may be associated with the decrease levels of superoxide dismutase, a antioxidant enzyme(50). According to University of Thessaloniki, patients with advanced Parkinson' diseases showed a statistically significant decrease of SOD activity in whole blood and in red blood cells(51).

b. NADH ubiquinone reductase
Levels of NADH ubiquinone reductase is decreased in the substania
7


nigra(52) in patients with PD, causing neurons apoptosis, but this can be treated with antioxidants Acetyl-L-carnitine (53) and alpha lipoic acid(54).

c. Uric acid
People with a high blood level of the natural antioxidant uric acid have a lower risk of developing Parkinson's disease(55) than do people with lower levels(56), but high levels of uric acid increases the risk of kidney diseases(57) and gout(58).

d. Glutathione
Glutathoine showed to deactivate the harmful product HNE of lipid peroxidation(59).

f. Etc.
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References

(44) Small Amounts of Isotope-reinforced Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids Suppress Lipid Autoxidation by  Shauna Hill,a Connor R. Lamberson,b Libin Xu,b Randy To,a Hui S. Tsui,a Vadim V. Shmanai,c Andrei V. Bekish,dAgape M. Awad,a Beth N. Marbois,a Charles R. Cantor,e,f Ned A. Porter,b Catherine F. Clarke,a,* and Mikhail S. Shchepinovf,*(PubMed)

(45) Isotopic reinforcement of essential polyunsaturated fatty acids diminishes nigrostriatal degeneration in a mouse model of Parkinson's disease by Mikhail S. Shchepinova, , Vivian P. Choub, e, , Erik Pollockc, , J. William Langstonb, , Charles R. Cantora, d, , Robert J. Molinaria, , Amy B. Manning-Boğb, e,(ScienceDirect)

(46) Altered lipofuscin pigmentation in the basal nucleus (Meynert) in Parkinson's disease by

Ulfig N1.(PubMed)

(47) Changes within the basal nucleus in Parkinson's disease by Ulfig N1, Braak E, Braak H.(PubMed)

(48) Free radicals in Parkinson's disease by Koutsilieri E1, Scheller C, Grünblatt E, Nara K, Li J, Riederer P.(PubMed)

(49) Considerations on the role of environmental toxins in idiopathic Parkinson's disease pathophysiology by Pan-Montojo F1, Reichmann H2.(PubMed)

(50) Superoxide dismutase overexpression protects dopaminergic neurons in a Drosophila model of Parkinson's disease by Botella JA1, Bayersdorfer F, Schneuwly S.(PubMed)

(51) Superoxide dismutase activity in early and advanced Parkinson's disease by Bostantjopoulou S1, Kyriazis G, Katsarou Z, Kiosseoglou G, Kazis A, Mentenopoulos G.(PubMed)

(52) Quercetin up-regulates mitochondrial complex-I activity to protect against programmed cell death in rotenone model of Parkinson's disease in rats by Karuppagounder SS1, Madathil SK, Pandey M, Haobam R, Rajamma U, Mohanakumar KP.(PubMed)

(53) Behavioral and neurochemical effects of alpha-lipoic Acid in the model of Parkinson's disease induced by unilateral stereotaxic injection of 6-ohda in rat by de Araújo DP1, De Sousa CN, Araújo PV, Menezes CE, Sousa Rodrigues FT, Escudeiro SS, Lima NB, Patrocínio MC, Aguiar LM, Viana GS, Vasconcelos SM.(PubMed)

(54) Acetyl-L-carnitine and α-lipoic acid affect rotenone-induced damage in nigral dopaminergic neurons of rat brain, implication for Parkinson's disease therapy by Zaitone SA1, Abo-Elmatty DM, Shaalan AA.(PubMed)

(55) Association of serum uric acid levels with the progression of Parkinson's disease in Chinese patients by Sun CC1, Luo FF, Wei L, Lei M, Li GF, Liu ZL, LE WD, Xu PY.(PubMed)

(56) Uric acid in Parkinson's disease by Schlesinger I1, Schlesinger N.(PubMed)

(57) Potential role of uric acid in metabolic syndrome, hypertension, kidney injury, and cardiovascular diseases: is it time for reappraisal? by Soltani Z1, Rasheed K, Kapusta DR, Reisin E.(PubMed)

(58) Gout-associated uric acid crystals activate the NALP3 inflammasome. by Martinon F1, Pétrilli V, Mayor A, Tardivel A, Tschopp J.(PubMed)

(59) Lipid mediator interplay: resolvin D1 attenuates inflammation evoked by glutathione-conjugated lipid peroxidation products. by Filep JG1.(PubMed)

The 2nd edition of The holistic Prevention, Management and Treatment of Dementia under The Microscope of Conventional Medicine - Free radical causes of dementia

Kyle J. Norton (Scholar)

Health article writer and researcher; Over 10.000 articles and research papers have been written and published on line, including world wide health, ezine articles, article base, healthblogs, selfgrowth, best before it's news, the karate GB daily, etc.,.
Named TOP 50 MEDICAL ESSAYS FOR ARTISTS & AUTHORS TO READ by Disilgold.com Named 50 of the best health Tweeters Canada - Huffington Post
Nominated for shorty award over last 4 years
Some articles have been used as references in medical research, such as international journal Pharma and Bio science, ISSN 0975-6299.

Abstract
Dementia is defined as neuro degeneration syndrome among elder, affecting memory, thinking, orientation, comprehension, calculation, learning capacity, language, and judgement over 47 millions
of worldwide population, mostly in the West. The evaluation of the syndrome by holistic medicine has been lacking, especially through conventional medicine research and studies. The aim of this essay is to provide accurate information of how effective of holistic medicine in prevention, management and treatment of dementia through searching data base of PubMed.
This is the third time, a research paper has been written this way to general public that you will not find any where in the net. We would like to provide more of this kind of research, but unfortunately, it is time consuming and burdened financially, we have run out of time and the site will be shut down Monday(July 6, 2015). If you like what you read, please donate generously to our site.
at http://kylejnorton.blogspot.ca/

B. Free radical causes of dementia
B.1. Alzheimer’s disease
1. Free radical and Alzheimer’s disease
Free radicals causes of Alzheimer’s disease is well defined in many researches(34). Oxidative stress-induced injury involved the selective modification of different intracellular proteins may lead to the neurofibrillary degeneration of neurons in the brain(34a)(34b).

2. Antioxidants and Alzheimer’s disease
a. Docosahexaenoic acid (DHA)
Change of brain aging in DHA metabolism, was found in patients with Alzheimer's disease(34c)(34d). DHA, a naturally occurring component found in every cell membrane with ability to increase phosphatidylserine(35)(35a) is important in decreased production of proinflammatory omega-6 eicosanoids causes of Alzheimer's disease(35b) and in improved the memory of animals with Alzheimer's disease by suppressing oxidative damage in the brain(41).

b. Vitamin E
Vitamin E reduced generalized inflammation, may slow the decline of mental and physical abilities in people with Alzheimer's disease (AD) over the long term(36). Also vitamin E inhibited cells damage and cells death caused by beta-amyloid(36a)(36b), which is toxic to brain cells(36c).

c. Phosphatidylserine
Patients who had Alzheimer’s disease taken100 milligrams per day (mg/day) of phosphatidylserine scored significantly better on standardized memory tests at the end of the 12-week trial period than patients without(37)(40).

d. Antioxidants
Antioxidant are found at much lower levels for patients with Alzheimer’s disease(38), such as serum of vitamin A, C, E, zinc and transfferin. Carotenoids are fat-soluble antioxidants that may protect polyunsaturated fatty acids, such as n-3 fatty acids from oxidation(39)

e. Muscarinic cholinergic receptors
Alzheimer’s disease patients showed to exhibit the significant loss of muscarinic cholinergic receptors neurons(42) causes of reduced volume of neural transmission that can lead to loss of memory(43).

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References

(34)  Possible causes of Alzheimer's disease: amyloid fragments, free radicals, and calcium homeostasis by Hölscher C1.(PubMed)
(34a) PROTEIN OXIDATION IN THE BRAIN IN ALZHEIMER'S DISEASE M. Y. AKSENOV,a,d* M. V. AKSENOVA,a,b D. A. BUTTERFIELD,a,c J. W. GEDDESa,d and W. R. MARKESBERYa,b a Sanders-Brown Center on Aging, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40536, US.(Pergamon)
(34b) Interactions between β-amyloid and central cholinergic neurons: implications for Alzheimer's disease by Satyabrata Kar, Stephen P.M. Slowikowski, David Westaway, and Howard T.J. Mount(PubMed)
(34c) The Impact of Cholesterol, DHA, and Sphingolipids on Alzheimer's Disease by Marcus O. W. Grimm, Valeri e C. Zimmer, 1 Johannes Lehmann, Heike S. Grimm, and Tobias Hartmann (PubMed)
(34d) DHA Improves Cognition and Prevents Dysfunction of Entorhinal Cortex Neurons in 3xTg-AD Mice Dany Arsenault,1,2 Carl Julien,1,2 Cyntia Tremblay,2 and Frédéric Calon1,2,(PubMed)
(35) Administration of DHA-PS to aged mice was suitable for increasing hippocampal PS and DHA ratio by Ohkubo T1, Tanaka Y.(PubMed)
(35a) Neuronal specific increase of phosphatidylserine by docosahexaenoic acid.by Guo M1, Stockert L, Akbar M, Kim HY.(PubMed)
(35b) Docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), an essential fatty acid for the proper functioning of neuronal cells: their role in mood disorders By Alfonso Valenzuela B. ( University of Chile)
(36) Vitamin E for Alzheimer's dementia and mild cognitive impairment by Farina N1, Isaac MG, Clark AR, Rusted J, Tabet N.(PubMed)
(36a)Inflammatory mediator and beta-amyloid (25-35)-induced ceramide generation and iNOS expression are inhibited by vitamin E by Ayasolla K1, Khan M, Singh AK, Singh I.(PubMed)
(36b)  Vitamin E but not 17beta-estradiol protects against vascular toxicity induced by beta-amyloid wild type and the Dutch amyloid variant by Muñoz FJ1, Opazo C, Gil-Gómez G, Tapia G, Fernández V, Valverde MA, Inestrosa NC.(PubMed)

(36c) Parkin protects against mitochondrial toxins and beta-amyloid accumulation in skeletal muscle cells by Rosen KM1, Veereshwarayya V, Moussa CE, Fu Q, Goldberg MS, Schlossmacher MG, Shen J, Querfurth HW.(PubMed)

(37) Soybean-Derived Phosphatidylserine Improves Memory Function of the Elderly Japanese Subjects with Memory Complaints by Akito Kato-Kataoka,1,* Masashi Sakai,1 Rika Ebina,1 Chiaki Nonaka,2 Tsuguyoshi Asano,3 and Takashi Miyamori4(PubMed)

(38) Oxidative stress involving changes in Nrf2 and ER stress in early stages of Alzheimer's disease by Mota SI1, Costa RO1, Ferreira IL1, Santana I2, Caldeira GL3, Padovano C3, Fonseca AC3, Baldeiras I4, Cunha C5, Letra L5, Oliveira CR4, Pereira CM6, Rego AC7.(PubMed)

(39) Nutritional biomarkers in Alzheimer's disease: the association between carotenoids, n-3 fatty acids, and dementia severity by Wang W1, Shinto L, Connor WE, Quinn JF.(PubMed)

(40)  The effect of soybean-derived phosphatidylserine on cognitive performance in elderly with subjective memory complaints: a pilot study by Yael Richter, Yael Herzog, Yael Lifshitz, Rami Hayun, and Sigalit Zchut(PubMed)

(41) Action of long-chain fatty acids on protein kinase C activity: comparison of omega-6 and omega-3 fatty acids.by Holian O1, Nelson R.(PubMed)

(42) Interactions between β-amyloid and central cholinergic neurons: implications for Alzheimer's disease by Satyabrata Kar, Stephen P.M. Slowikowski, David Westaway, and Howard T.J. Mount(PubMed)

(43) Chapter 12Memory Impairments Associated with Stress and Aging by Carmen Sandi.(PubMed)

The 2nd edition of The holistic Prevention, Management and Treatment of Dementia under The Microscope of Conventional Medicine - Deficiency Causes of dementia Due to Aging

Kyle J. Norton (Scholar)

Health article writer and researcher; Over 10.000 articles and research papers have been written and published on line, including world wide health, ezine articles, article base, healthblogs, selfgrowth, best before it's news, the karate GB daily, etc.,.
Named TOP 50 MEDICAL ESSAYS FOR ARTISTS & AUTHORS TO READ by Disilgold.com Named 50 of the best health Tweeters Canada - Huffington Post
Nominated for shorty award over last 4 years
Some articles have been used as references in medical research, such as international journal Pharma and Bio science, ISSN 0975-6299.



Abstract
Dementia is defined as neuro degeneration syndrome among elder, affecting memory, thinking, orientation, comprehension, calculation, learning capacity, language, and judgement over 47 millions
of worldwide population, mostly in the West. The evaluation of the syndrome by holistic medicine has been lacking, especially through conventional medicine research and studies. The aim of this essay is to provide accurate information of how effective of holistic medicine in prevention, management and treatment of dementia through searching data base of PubMed.
This is the third time, a research paper has been written this way to general public that you will not find any where in the net. We would like to provide more of this kind of research, but unfortunately, it is time consuming and burdened financially, we have run out of time and the site will be shut down Monday(July 6, 2015). If you like what you read, please donate generously to our site.
at http://kylejnorton.blogspot.ca/
Kyle J. Norton



 Causes of dementia

A. Deficient cause of dementia due to aging
1. Vitamin D and 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D(3) deficiency
Vitamin D levels not only plays an important role in the pathogenesis of many age-associated diseases including cancer, heart disease, type 2 diabetes
mellitus and stroke, but also associate with increased risk of prevalent cognitive dysfunction. According to number of studies, raising vitamin D plays a role in decreased cognitive dysfunction and dementia(24). Evidence from epidemiological also insisted the association between 25(OH)D concentrations and systolic blood pressure, risk for CV disease-related deaths, symptoms of depression, cognitive deficits, and mortality(25).

2. Folic acid with vitamin B12 deficiency
Folates are vitamins essential to the development of the central nervous system. Deficiency of folate can increase the risk of dementia. According to Cochrane Dementia and Cognitive Improvement Group, folic acid plus vitamin B12 were effctive in reducing the serum homocysteine concentrations, with no adverse effects(26).

3. Vitamin B12 deficiency
An association between neuropsychiatric disorders and vitamin B12deficiency has been recognized since 1849. Deficiency of Vitamin B12 are found in many elders and might contribute to age-associated cognitive impairment, according to the Scientist at Cochrane Dementia and Cognitive Improvement Group(27).

4. Vitamin B6 deficiency
Vitamin B6 supplementation showed to reduce the risk of developing cognitive impairment in older healthy people, and improve cognitive functioning of people with cognitive decline and dementia, according the study conducted by Cochrane Dementia and Cognitive Improvement Group(28).

5. Deficiency of Insulin-like growth factor (IGF)-1and growth hormones
Deficiency of Insulin-like growth factor (IGF)--1 hormone may contribute to the genesis of cognitive impairment and dementia in the elderly patients. Old age, in the absence of circulating IGF-1, a hormone with a complex role in brain function has seen to link to an acceleration of neurological diseases(29) Growth hormone and IGF-1 replacement showed to increase neurogenesis, vascular density, and glucose utilization, and alter NMDA receptor subunit composition in brain areas implicated learning and memory, in animal (30)and children(31) studies.

8. Deficiency of cerebrospinal fluid melatonin
Melatonin plays an essential role in ventricular system via choroid plexus portals. In Alzheimer's disease, inadequate melatonin increases risk of the neuropathological changes due to hydroxyl radicals cause of damage mitochondria and initiated cascade of oxygen radicals(32).

9. Decreased dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA)
Dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate (DHEAS) concentrations
DHEA, a neurosteroid secreted by the adrenal cortex. is also a neurosteroid. The levels of dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA) and dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate (DHEAS) concentrationsare decline in concentration with age(33).

10. Etc.

References

(24) Vitamin D, cognitive dysfunction and dementia in older adults by Dickens AP1, Lang IA, Langa KM, Kos K, Llewellyn DJ.(PubMed)
(25) Extraskeletal effects of vitamin D in older adults: cardiovascular disease, mortality, mood, and cognition by Barnard K1, Colón-Emeric C.(PubMed)
(26) Folic acid with or without vitamin B12 for cognition and dementia by Malouf M1, Grimley EJ, Areosa SA.(PubMed)
(27) Vitamin B12 for cognition by Malouf R1, Areosa Sastre A.(PubMed)
(28) The effect of vitamin B6 on cognition by Malouf R1, Grimley Evans J.(PubMed)
(29) Aging, synaptic dysfunction, and insulin-like growth factor (IGF)-1 by Deak F1, Sonntag WE.(PubMed)
(30) Growth hormone and insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) and their influence on cognitive aging by Sonntag WE1, Ramsey M, Carter CS.(PubMed)
(31) The role of the somatotropic system in cognition and other cerebral functions by Creyghton WM1, van Dam PS, Koppeschaar HP.(PubMed)
(32) Alzheimer's disease: roles for mitochondrial damage, the hydroxyl radical, and cerebrospinal fluid deficiency of melatonin by Maurizi CP1.(PubMed)
(33) Decreased dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA) and dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate (DHEAS)

The 2nd edition of The holistic Prevention, Management and Treatment of Dementia under The Microscope of Conventional Medicine - Types of demetria

Kyle J. Norton (Scholar)

Health article writer and researcher; Over 10.000 articles and research papers have been written and published on line, including world wide health, ezine articles, article base, healthblogs, selfgrowth, best before it's news, the karate GB daily, etc.,.

Named TOP 50 MEDICAL ESSAYS FOR ARTISTS & AUTHORS TO READ by Disilgold.com Named 50 of the best health Tweeters Canada - Huffington Post

Nominated for shorty award over last 4 years

Some articles have been used as references in medical research, such as international journal Pharma and Bio science, ISSN 0975-6299.

  Abstract 
Dementia is defined as neuro degeneration syndrome among elder, affecting memory, thinking, orientation, comprehension, calculation, learning capacity, language, and judgement over 47 millions
of worldwide population, mostly in the West. The evaluation of the syndrome by holistic medicine has been lacking, especially through conventional medicine research and studies. The aim of this essay is to provide accurate information of how effective of holistic medicine in prevention, management and treatment of dementia through searching data base of PubMed.
This is the third time, a research paper has been written this way to general public that you will not find any where in the net. We would like to provide more of this kind of research, but unfortunately, it is time consuming and burdened financially, we have run out of time and the site will be shut down Monday(July 6, 2015). If you like what you read, please donate generously to our site.
at http://kylejnorton.blogspot.ca/
Kyle J. Norton

1. Alzheimer's disease Alzheimer's disease is a brain disorder named for German physician Alois Alzheimer(1). Alzheimer's destroys brain cells, causing problems with memory, thinking and behavior severe enough to affect language communication, memory, lifelong hobbies or social life. Alzheimer's gets worse over time, and it is fatal(2). Over 1 million people in US alone are currently afflicted by Alzheimer's disease because of degeneration of hippocampus and cerebral cortex(3) of the brain where memory, language and cognition(4) are located. With this mental disorder, brain cells gradually die and generate fewer and fewer chemical signals day by day resulting in diminished of functions. Overtime memory thinking as well as behavior deteriorates. Today, there is no known cure.



2. Absence of acetylcholine
 If the nerves located in front of the brain perish(5), caused by diminished quality of acetylcholine due long term alcohol abused may result of cognitive dysfunction(6) causes of language difficulty, memory loss, concentration problem, and anxiety- and depression-like behaviors(8),reduced moblile skills because of lacking reaction in muscular activity and refection(7).

3. Dementia due to long-term alcohol abuse
 Dementia is common in patients with alcoholism(9). Most classic is the Korsakoff's dementia resulted in extremely poor short term memory(10) and often associated with the memory losses of confabulations due to diminished processing resources and/or an encoding or retrieval deficit(11).

4. Multi-infarct dementia
Also known as vascular dementia, is the second most common form of dementia after Alzheimer's disease in older adults caused by different mechanisms all results in vascular lesions(12) of the brain(13).



5. Dementia associated with Parkinson's disease
 Parkinson disease (PD) is a disabling, progressive condition, causes of cognitive deficits due to the interruption of frontal-subcortical loops that facilitate cognition and parallel the motor loop(15)(16) due to loss of substantia nigra pars compacta (SNc) dopamine (DA) neurons(14).



6. Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease (CJD)
People who have eaten contaminated beef(18) for many years may be infected without even knowing it. Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease is a quickly progressing and fatal disease consisted of dementia(19), muscle abnormal functions(17).



7. Subdural hematoma
It is the accumulation of blood beneath the outer cover of the brain resulted from the rupture of blood vessel(20)(21). Subdural hemorrhages may increase intracranial pressure(22), causing compression and damage to delicate brain tissue. Acute subdural hematoma has a high mortality rate(23).

Other types of dementia include metabolic disorders, dementia due to long-term substance abuse, hypothyroidism, and hyperethyroidism.


References
(1) Alzheimer's disease (Wikipedia)
(2) Understanding dementia in the sociocultural context: a review by Cipriani G1, Borin G2.(PubMed)
(3) What is normal in normal aging? Effects of aging, amyloid and Alzheimer's disease on the cerebral cortex and the hippocampus by Fjell AM¹, McEvoy L², Holland D³, Dale AM⁴, Walhovd KB⁵; Alzheimer's Disease Neuroimaging Initiative.(PubMed)
(4) Does degree of gyrification underlie the phenotypic and genetic associations between cortical surface area and cognitive ability? by Docherty AR¹, Hagler DJ Jr², Panizzon MS³, Neale MC⁴, Eyler LT⁵, Fennema-Notestine C⁶, Franz CE³, Jak A⁷, Lyons MJ⁸, Rinker DA⁹, Thompson WK¹⁰, Tsuang MT¹¹, Dale AM¹², Kremen WS¹³.(PubMed)
(5) Acetylcholine facilitates recovery of episodic memory after brain damage by Croxson PL¹, Browning PG, Gaffan D, Baxter MG.(PubMed)
(6) Postsynaptic activity reverses the sign of the acetylcholine-induced long-term plasticity of GABAA inhibition by Domínguez S¹, Fernández de Sevilla D², Buño W³.(PubMed)
(7)  Induction of dystrophin-associated proteins together with nicotinic acetylcholine receptors by denervation in the absence of dystrophin in skeletal muscles of mdx mice by Mitsui T¹, Kawai H, Kawajiri M, Kunishige M, Aki K, Saito S.(PubMed)
(8) Mice lacking the β4 subunit of the nicotinic acetylcholine receptor show memory deficits, altered anxiety- and depression-like behavior, and diminished nicotine-induced analgesia by Semenova S¹, Contet C, Roberts AJ, Markou A.(PubMed)
(9) Magnetic resonance imaging in alcoholic Korsakoff's syndrome: evidence for an association with alcoholic dementia by Emsley R¹, Smith R, Roberts M, Kapnias S, Pieters H, Maritz S.(PubMed)
(10) Rates of forgetting in Alzheimer-type dementia and Korsakoff's syndrome by Kopelman MD.(PubMed)
(11) Non-verbal, short-term forgetting in the alcoholic Korsakoff syndrome and Alzheimer-type dementia by Kopelman MD¹.(PubMed)
(12) Vascular dementia: different forms of vessel disorders contribute to the development of dementia in the elderly brain by Thal DR¹, Grinberg LT, Attems J.(PubMed)
(13) Pathology and pathogenesis of vascular cognitive impairment-a critical update by Jellinger KA¹.(PubMed)
(14) What causes the death of dopaminergic neurons in Parkinson's disease? by Surmeier DJ¹, Guzman JN, Sanchez-Padilla J, Goldberg JA.(PubMed)
(15) Frontal-subcortical circuitry and behavior Circuitos fronto-subcorticales y conducta Circuits fronto-sous-corticaux et comportement

Raphael M. Bonelli, MD; DMedSc^*

Raphael M. Bonelli, Department of Psychiatry, Graz Medical University, Graz, Austria ;

Jeffrey L. Cummings, MD

Jeffrey L. Cummings, Department of Neurology, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, Calif, USA;(PubMed)

(16) The Frontal Lobes and Neuropsychiatric Illness, edited by Stephen P. Salloway, Paul F. Malloy, James D. Duffy

(17) [A case of Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease presenting with arm levitation as an initial symptom].

[Article in Japanese] by Kamogawa K¹, Ninomiya S, Okuda S, Matsumoto Y, Tomita H, Okamoto K, Okuda B.(PubMed)

(18) Bovine spongiform encephalopathy and variant Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease: how safe is eating beef? by Roma AA¹, Prayson RA.(PubMed)
(19) Immune responses in rapidly progressive dementia: a comparative study of neuroinflammatory markers in Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease, Alzheimer's disease and multiple sclerosis by Stoeck K, Schmitz M, Ebert E, Schmidt C, Zerr I.(PubMed)
(20) Acute subdural hematoma from bridging vein rupture: a potential mechanism for growth by

Miller JD¹, Nader R.(PubMed)
(21) Association of subdural hematoma with increased mortality in lobar intracerebral hemorrhage by

Patel PV¹, FitzMaurice E, Nandigam RN, Auluck P, Viswanathan A, Goldstein JN, Rosand J, Greenberg SM, Smith EE.(PubMed)

(22) Acute spontaneous subdural hematoma: an unusual form of cerebrovacular accident by Naama O¹, Belhachmi A, Ziadi T, Boulahroud O, Abad Elasri C, Elmostarchid B, Boucetta M.(PubMed)

(23) Fatal deterioration of delayed acute subdural hematoma after mild traumatic brain injury: two cases with brief review by Chen S¹, Xu C, Yuan L, Tian H, Cao H, Guo Y.(PubMed)