Kyle J. Norton
Papaya may be the next generation of whole foods for the prevention and treatment of type II diabetes with no side effects, some studies suggested.
Diabetes is a condition characterized by insufficient insulin entering the bloodstream to regulate glucose.
Most cases of type II diabetes are either caused by cells in the pancreas that died off or receptor sites clogged up by fat and cholesterol.
In some cases, diabetes is also caused by allergic reactions of cells in the immune system.
Epidemiological studies suggested that obesity, family history, ethnicity, the increase in age, gestation diabetes, and polycystic ovary syndrome. and high blood pressure is the most common risk factor associated with the onset of prediabetes and type II diabetes.
Dr. Stephen S. Rich, in the article "the genetics of Diabetes and Its complications", suggested that type II diabetes may be a genetically related disease. Unlike type 1 diabetes, in which there seems to be an autoimmune process, type 2 diabetes is a disease of relative rather than absolute insulin deficiency. Genes involved in type 2 diabetes, with the most promising, replicated findings on chromosomes are 1q21-q24, 2q37, 12q24, and 20.
Untreated and unmanageable type II diabetes may induce complications of the onset of cardiovascular disease, and nerve damage (neuropathy). kidney damage (nephropathy), eye damage (retinopathy). foot damage and skin conditions.
Medication used for the treatment of type II diabetes is focused on alleviating the symptoms improving quality of life and slowing down the progression of the disease.
If you currently intake medicine for the treatment of diabetes, please sure you know all the side effects for the preventive measure.
Papaya is a species of Carica Papaya, belonging to the family Caricaceae and native to the tropics of the Americas, and was first cultivated in Mexico several centuries
Unripe pawpaw fruit (Carica papaya) not only inhibited α-amylase, and α-glucosidase but also reduced lipid peroxidation in a dose-dependent manner, in rat pancreas(1).
The key enzymes of α-amylase, α-glucosidase, involved in the digestion of carbohydrates, have been linked to the onset of type 2 diabetes. Inhibition of these enzymes can significantly reduce the postprandial increase of blood glucose and has been used for the management of blood glucose levels in type 2 diabetic and borderline patients by therapists (2).
In the streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats study, the aqueous extract of leaves of C. papaya administered strongly controlled blood glucose levels(3), through the prevention of hepatocyte disruption, as well as accumulation of glycogen and lipids via its hypoglycemic and antioxidant effect(4)
In a new study, conducted by researchers at the Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute, fermented papaya preparation was tested whether it improves dermal wound healing outcomes in adult diabetic mice by preventing the risk of infections(5).
The result was astonishing, the fermentation not only up-regulated the Sp1 DNA binding activity(modulating the cellular response to DNA damage) in Peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) but also the protein and mRNA expression of Rac2(regulates several cellular functions)(5).
A randomized controlled clinical trial conducted at the Cardiac Centre, ANDI Centre of Excellence for Biomedical and Biomaterials Research and Department of the Biosciences University of Mauritius, suggested that oral administration of 6g FPP®/day for 14 weeks could improve the general health status of several organs targeted by oxidative stress during diabetes and the supplement may be used in the management the complications of diabetes such as cardiovascular disease, neurological disease and other conditions worsened by overt inflammation and oxidative stress(6).
Taken together, unripe, fermented papaya and its' leaves may be effective in diabetic management by controlling the levels of glucose and reducing the risk of complications.
Some Western researchers insisted that large sample sizes and multicenter studies are necessary to validate its effectiveness by identifying the ingredients that are comparable to recent pharmaceutical medicine in use because geography, environment, time of harvest, etc. may influence the concentration of the food cultivation.
In fact, herbalists have long acknowledged that the external factors (mentioned above) may alter the quality of the herbs and foods by classifying these differences either through price or formula differentiation.
Indeed, the effectiveness with little or no adverse side effects of the formula is not the concentration of individual herbs and the herb itself but the interaction of all ingredients in an herb and herbs in the same formula. Extracting only one ingredient of the herb for the treatment of certain diseases may be effective but enhance complicated consequences.
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Author Biography
Kyle J. Norton (Scholar, Master of Nutrition, All rights reserved)
Health article writer and researcher; Over 10.000 articles and research papers have been written and published online, including worldwide health, ezine articles, article base, health blogs, self-growth, Best Before it's news, the karate GB Daily, etc.,.
Named TOP 50 MEDICAL ESSAYS FOR ARTISTS & AUTHORS TO READ by Disilgold.com Named 50 of the best health Tweeters Canada - Huffington Post
Nominated for Shorty Award over last 4 years
Some articles have been used as references in medical research, such as the international journal Pharma and Bioscience, ISSN 0975-6299.References
(1) Inhibition of key enzymes linked to type 2 diabetes and sodium nitroprusside-induced lipid peroxidation in rat pancreas by water-extractable phytochemicals from unripe pawpaw fruit (Carica papaya) by Oboh G, Olabiyi AA, Akinyemi AJ, Ademiluyi AO. (PubMed)
(2) Natural products as alpha-amylase and alpha-glucosidase inhibitors and their hypoglycaemic potential in the treatment of diabetes: an update by Tundis R1, Loizzo MR, Menichini F.(PubMed)
(3) Antihyperglycemic and hypolipidemic activities of aqueous extract of Carica papaya Linn. leaves in alloxan-induced diabetic rats by Maniyar Y, Bhixavatimath P.(PubMed)
(4) Hypoglycemic effect of Carica papaya leaves in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats by Juárez-Rojop IE1, Díaz-Zagoya JC, Ble-Castillo JL, Miranda-Osorio PH, Castell-Rodríguez AE, Tovilla-Zárate CA, Rodríguez-Hernández A, Aguilar-Mariscal H, Ramón-Frías T, Bermúdez-Ocaña DY.(PubMed)
(5) Correction of aberrant NADPH oxidase activity in blood-derived mononuclear cells from type II diabetes mellitus patients by a naturally fermented papaya preparation by Dickerson R1, Deshpande B, Gnyawali U, Lynch D, Gordillo GM, Schuster D, Osei K, Roy S.(PubMed)
(6) Effects of a short term supplementation of a fermented papayapreparation on biomarkers of diabetes mellitus in a randomized Mauritian population by Somanah J1, Aruoma OI, Gunness TK, Kowelssur S, Dambala V, Murad F, Googoolye K, Daus D, Indelicato J, Bourdon E, Bahorun T.(PubMed)
(6) Genetics of Diabetes and Its Complications by Stephen S. Rich
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