#Fennel Extract Exhibits Antipyretic Activity against #Hyperpyrexia, Researchers Suggest

Kyle J. Norton

Scientists may have found food and plant processes the antipyretic activity comparable to those of acetaminophen in patients with fever, some studies suggested.

Fever is a natural reaction caused by the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines in the immune system to protect our body from damage and injury against foreign pathogens during the acute phase of infection.

According to medical literature, a person is not considered to have a significant fever until the temperature is above 100.4 F (38.0 C).

Although fever is a common syndrome, however, if you or your kid are experiencing fever accompanied by symptoms of a severe headache, unusual skin rash, sensitivity to bright light, persistent stiff neck and pain, mental confusion, particularly persistent vomiting, and difficulty breathing or chest pain, you or your kid should go to the hospital right the way.

Fennel (Foeniculum vulgare) is a plant species of the genus Foeniculum, belonging to Apiaceae (Umbelliferae), native to the Mediterranean.

The plant and food have been used in traditional and herbal medicine as warming, carminative, antispasmodic, and antidepression agents and to stimulate the appetite, ease indigestion, soothe coughing, reduce intestinal spasms, regulate the menstrual cycle, and relieve PMS,...

In the study to evaluate the antipyretic effect of the aqueous extract of an herbal coded formulation containing an equal amount of Salix alba, Emblica Officinalis, Glycyrrhiza glabra, Adhatoda vasica, Viola odorata, in a yeast-induced pyrexia model in rabbits, researchers found that after recording the results immediately before the administration of the extractor paracetamol and again at 1 hour, application of the extract at 240mg/kg dose significant reduces elevated temperature as compared with that of standard drug paracetamol (150mg/kg).

Fennel extract applied alone showed antipyretic activity against hyperpyrexia in mice, induced by S.C. administration of 2 mL/100 g of a 20% aqueous suspension of brewer's yeast.

As an antipyretic agent, ethanolic extract of F. vulgare fruit showed a moderate antipyretic activity that was statistically significant after 30 and 90 min.

These results showed that herbal coded medicine at a dose of 240mg/kg and fennel extract have marked an antipyretic activity in animal models and this was strongly supported by the ethnopharmacological uses of medicinal plants.

Furthermore, in the examine the hepatotoxicity induced by acetaminophen caused by the excessive production of N-acetyl-para-benzoquinone imine (NAPQI) in the induction of symptoms such as fever due to inflammation, researchers showed that the application of trans anethole, an aromatic compounds isolated from fennel exerted a significant effect in the inhibited pro-inflammatory mediators such as prostaglandin (PGE2), cytokines (TNF, IL-1) and nitric oxide (NO)thus decreasing the risk of fever caused by an overreaction of the immune system.

Application of AN at doses of 125 and 250mg/kg once a day for seven days prevented the changes caused by the APAP overdose.

Additionally, researchers also discovered, that AN infection prevents the overexpression of proinflammatory mediators such as NO, TNF, IL-1α, MIP-1α, and MCP-1 and induced the up-regulation of anti-inflammatory cytokines (IL-4 and IL-10), thus reducing the onset of fever.

Taken together, there is no doubt that fennel may be considered a functional food for the treatment of inflammatory induced fever.


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Author Biography
Kyle J. Norton (Scholar, Master of Nutrition, All right reserved)
Health article writer and researcher; Over 10.000 articles and research papers have been written and published online, including worldwide health, ezine articles, article base, health blogs, self-growth, best before it's news, the Karate GB Daily, etc.,.
Named TOP 50 MEDICAL ESSAYS FOR ARTISTS & AUTHORS TO READ by Disilgold.com Named 50 of the best health Tweeters Canada - Huffington Post
Nominated for shorty award over last 4 years
Some articles have been used as references in medical research, such as the international journal Pharma and Bioscience, ISSN 0975-6299

Sources
(1) Foeniculum vulgare Mill: A Review of Its Botany, Phytochemistry, Pharmacology, Contemporary Application, and Toxicology by Shamkant B. Badgujar,* Vainav V. Patel, and Atmaram H. Bandivdekar(PMC)
(2) Antipyretic potential of herbal coded formulation (Pyrexol) by Khan MS1, Hamid A2, Akram M3, Mustafa SB3, Sami A1, Shah SMA4, Usmanghani K(PubMed)
(3) Acetaminophen-induced hepatotoxicity: Preventive effect of trans anethole by da Rocha BA1, Ritter AM2, Ames FQ3, Gonçalves OH4, Leimann FV5, Bracht L6, Natali MR7, Cuman RK8, Bersani-Amado CA(PubMed)