3,3'-Diindolylmethane, the Anti Colitis Bioactive and Natural Ingredient, According to Studies

By Kyle J. Norton

Colitis is a class of conditions characterized by inflammation of the inner lining of the colon, including Crohn's disease, ulcerative colitis, ischemic colitis.

Most cases of colitis are caused by infection, chronic inflammation.

Most common colitis can be classified into

* Ulcerative colitis is a chronic disease that causes inflammation and ulcers within the inner lining of your large intestine. Most cases of ulcerative colitis start in the rectum and spread to the colon.

* Pseudomembranous colitis (PC) is a type of inflammation caused by the overgrowth of the bacterium Clostridium difficile. Most cases of PC are associated with the use of antibiotics that causes the imbalance of the ratio of bacterias in the digestive tract.

* Ischemic colitis (IC) is a type of inflammation of the large intestine or colon caused by interruption of blood flow in the colon. Most cases of IC occur in older adults over 60 years of age.

Most of the common symptoms of colitis are total depending on the causes of the disease including abdominal pain, cramping, diarrhea, and blood in the stool.

If you experience some of the above symptoms, please make sure to check with your doctor to rule out the possibility.

Although there are a number of risk factors associated with the onset of colitis, an unhealthy diet may be one of the major cause in the Western worlds coincidently with the promotion of such diet overpass few decades.

According to the University of Chicago Medical Center in the study of "Western diet changes gut bacteria and triggers colitis in those at risk" in vitro, wrote in the final report, "Certain saturated fats that are common in the modern Western diet can initiate a chain of events leading to complex immune disorders in those with a genetic predisposition".

And, "This is the first plausible mechanism showing step-by-step how Western-style diets contribute to the rapid and ongoing increase in the incidence of inflammatory bowel disease."

The results provide an explanation of the Western diet risk of inflammatory bowel disease, one many forms of colitis.

3,3'-Diindolylmethane or DIM are phytochemicals derived from the digestion of indole-3-carbinol, belonging to the group of Indoles, found abundantly in broccoli, Brussels sprouts, cabbage, and kale, etc.

Researchers in the concerns of the chronic inflammation in ulcerative colitis (UC) associated with the risk of colon cancer (CAC) examined the effects DIM in inhibiting the microRNAs (miRNAs) expression against CAC pathogenesis.

Where MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are a class of small noncoding RNAs of ∼22nt in length involved in the regulation of gene expression including inflammation and angiogenesis.

The study included the use of 3,3'-diindolylmethane (DIM) to activate aryl hydrocarbon receptor (Ahr) in azoxymethane (AOM)/dextran sodium sulfate (DSS)-induced CAC in mice.

Where aryl hydrocarbon receptor is a transcription factor associated with the regulation of gene expression. 

Application DIM inhibited miR-132 expression and alleviated CAC severity by suppression of macrophage infiltration and pro-inflammatory cytokines.

 DIM improved anti-inflammatory activity by suppressing the expression of the inflammatory cytokines, including the production of TNF-α, IL-1β, and IL-6. 

Futhermore, before the injection of DIM, azoxymethane (AOM)/dextran sodium sulfate (DSS)-induced CAC mice abrogated the cholinergic anti-inflammation and exacerbated CAC through silencing miR-132 in vivo.

In other words, the injection of TCDD on AChE also is found to exhibit miR-132 in vitro in CD4+ cells and macrophages, leading to the production of inflammatory cytokines.

Dr. Alzahrani AM and colleagues wrote in the final report, "miR-132 mediates the ameliorating effects of TCDD on CAC, suggesting miR-132 as a promising therapeutic candidate to control autoimmune inflammation and tumorigenesis in CAC patients".

Taken altogether, DIM may be considered a supplement to inhibit the progression colitis (UC) in the induction of the onset of colon cancer, pending to the confirmation of larger sample size and multicenter human study.

Intake DIM in a form of supplement should be taken with extreme care to prevent overdose acute liver toxicity.

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Author Biography
Kyle J. Norton (Scholar, Master of Nutrition, All right reserved)
Health article writer and researcher; Over 10.000 articles and research papers have been written and published online, including worldwide health, ezine articles, article base, health blogs, self-growth, best before it's news, the karate GB daily, etc.,.
Named TOP 50 MEDICAL ESSAYS FOR ARTISTS & AUTHORS TO READ by Disilgold.com Named 50 of the best health Tweeters Canada - Huffington Post
Nominated for shorty award over last 4 years
Some articles have been used as references in medical research, such as international journal Pharma and Bioscience, ISSN 0975-6299.

Sources
(1) Enhancing miR-132 expression by aryl hydrocarbon receptor attenuates tumorigenesis associated with chronic colitis by Alzahrani AM1, Hanieh H2, Ibrahim HM2, Mohafez O3, Shehata T4, Bani Ismail M2, Alfwuaires M. (PubMed)
(2) Western diet changes gut bacteria and triggers colitis in those at risk. (Science Daily)