Acute brain infarction is a medical condition characterized by the obstruction of the blood supply to the brain, causing the local death of the brain tissue.
The occurrence and extent of brain infarction are associated with three basic factors, including the site of arterial occlusion, the rapidity of arterial occlusion, and the presence or absence of collateral circulation.
In other words, brain infarction can be classified into myocardial infarction due to plaque rupture and myocardial oxygen supply-demand imbalance secondary to other acute illnesses.
Myocardial infarction (MI), or heart attack is a condition caused by the decrease or blockage of blood flow to a part of the heart that damage the heart muscle.
Reperfusion injury or ischemia-reperfusion injury (IRI) or reoxygenation injury, is when blood supply returns to damaged tissues after a period of ischemia or lack of oxygen (anoxia or hypoxia). caused by the decrease or blockage of blood flow to a part of the heart.
Atherosclerosis, one of the major causes of cardiovascular disease is a medical condition caused by the accumulation of plaque on the arterial wall. Over time, the condition can lead to narrowing arteries or blocked arteries, leading to reduce oxygenated blood flow to the heart and other parts of the body.
Arteries are blood vessels carried oxygen-rich blood to the heart before passing them to the tissues and organs.
Plague is made up of fat, cholesterol, calcium, and other substances found in the blood. In other words, cholesterol that cannot be returned to the liver for reuse may have a strong impact to induce plaque accumulation.
There are many factors associated with the risk of acute infarction. However, aging may have a strong and negative implication on acute infarction.
Dr. Mehta RH, the lead scientist wrote, "Older age was associated with a greater proportion of patients with functional limitations, heart failure, prior coronary disease, and renal insufficiency and a lower proportion of male and diabetic patients".
And, "...age-associated differences in clinical characteristics in elderly patients with acute myocardial infarction (AMI), which account for some of the age-associated differences in mortality".
Ashwagandha also known as Withania somnifera is a nightshade plant in the genus of Withania, belonging to the family Solanaceae, native to the dry parts of India, North Africa, the Middle East, and the Mediterranean. The herbal medicine has been considered as Indian ginseng and used in Ayurvedic medicine for over 3000 years to treat tumors and tubercular glands, carbuncles, memory loss, and ulcers and considered an anti-stress, cognition-facilitating, anti-inflammatory, and anti-aging herbal medicine.
In finding a potent compound for the promotion of heart health, researchers evaluated the cardioprotective mechanisms of Withania somnifera (Ws), in the setting of ischemia and reperfusion (IR) injury.
In vivo, selected Wistar rats were divided into three groups that received oral saline (sham, control IR) and Ws-50 mg/kg (Ws-IR), respectively, for 1 month. Then, on day 31, in rats of control IR and Ws-IR group, LAD coronary artery occlusion was undertaken for 45 min followed by 1 h reperfusion.
Based on the tested analysis, post-ischemic reperfusion injury was found to induce significant cardiac necrosis, apoptosis, and a decline in antioxidant status.
Furthermore, elevation in lipid peroxidation was also found in the IR control group, compared to the sham group.
Ws treatment group not only restored the myocardial oxidant-antioxidant balance but also inhibited the makers of apoptotic effects induced by ischemia-reperfusion injury.
Moreover, Ws protects additional post-ischemic reperfusion injury-induced further myocardial damage in the tested rats by increasing the levels of proteins associated with anti-apoptotic activity and decreasing the protein involved in pro-apoptotic activity, evidenced by histopathologic evaluation.
Based on the findings, researchers said, "The antioxidant and anti-apoptotic properties of Ws may contribute to the cardioprotective effects.".
Taken altogether, Ashwagandha may be considered a functional herb for the prevention and treatment of myocardial damage in post-ischemic reperfusion injury, pending the result of a larger sample size and multicenter study
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Author Biography
Kyle J. Norton (Scholar, Master of Nutrition, All right reserved)
Health article writer and researcher; Over 10.000 articles and research papers have been written and published online, including worldwide health, ezine articles, article base, health blogs, self-growth, best before it's news, the Karate GB Daily, etc.,.
Named TOP 50 MEDICAL ESSAYS FOR ARTISTS & AUTHORS TO READ by Disilgold.com Named 50 of the best health Tweeters Canada - Huffington Post
Nominated for shorty award over last 4 years
Some articles have been used as references in medical research, such as the international journal Pharma and Bioscience, ISSN 0975-6299.
Sources
(1) Withania somnifera provides cardioprotection and attenuates ischemia-reperfusion-induced apoptosis by Mohanty IR1, Arya DS, Gupta SK. (PubMed)
(2) Acute myocardial infarction in the elderly: differences by age by Mehta RH1, Rathore SS, Radford MJ, Wang Y, Wang Y, Krumholz HM. (PubMed)
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