Cruciferous vegetables, rich in phytochemicals may be considered as the functional food for the prevention of cancers caused by chemical carcinogens some studies suggested.
Chemical carcinogens, types of chemical toxins, can induce cellular and chromosome change and DNA damage, causing the mutation of healthy cells, the initial stage of cancer development.
According to the National Toxicology Program 14th Report on Carcinogens “Known to be human carcinogens” provided by the American Cancer Society, there are many different types of chemical carcinogens, including
* Lifestyle factors (nutrition, tobacco use, physical activity, etc.)
* Naturally occurring exposures (ultraviolet light, radon gas, infectious agents, etc.)
* Medical treatments (radiation and medicines including chemotherapy, hormone drugs, drugs that suppress the immune system, etc.)
* Workplace Exposures
* Household exposures
* Pollution
Cancers are a class of medical diseases characterized by cells that multiply disorderly and uncontrollably.
At the advanced stage, most cancers can travel a distance away from the site of origin to infect other healthy cells and tissue via lymph and blood.
According to the Universidade Federal de Ouro Preto, sulforaphane (SFN), the isothiocyanate (ITC) group of organosulfur compounds found in cruciferous vegetables expressed chemopreventive properties involved detoxification processes of chemical carcinogens.
Dr. de Figueiredo SM, the lead author said, " In a dose-dependent manner, ITC inhibits the viability of human cancer cells, modifies epigenetic events that occur in cancer cells, and presents an antiinflammatory effect acting during the initial of uncontrolled cell proliferation."
The chemoprotective activity of the cruciferous vegetable was attributed to the significant expression of the antioxidants in cell cycle arrest and apoptosis of cancer cells.
Furthermore, its phytochemicals also can act as the post-initiation stages of carcinogenesis, 'suppressing' agents involving the ability to modulate the Nrf2 which is a protein with the unique function of regulating the expression of antioxidant proteins that protect against oxidative damage triggered by injury and inflammation.
In fact, besides using as a chemopreventive agent against chemical carcinogenesis, sulforaphane (SFN), the major chemical constituent of cruciferous vegetables also inhibited the drug-metabolizing enzymes that cause activation/neutralization of carcinogenic metabolites and protected normal healthy cells from environmental toxin inducing of cancers.
Moreover, the phytochemical exhibited the molecular mechanisms responsible for the overall chemopreventive effects on selective cytotoxicity, the unique function of inhibiting oxidate stress, and free radicals produced by lipid peroxidation in cells.
Additionally, in tobacco smoke carcinogens-induced chemical tumors, cruciferous vegetable consumption has been shown to be inversely associated with the development of cancer.
In animal experiments. the chemopreventive effects of isothiocyanates, another compound found in cruciferous vegetables, inhibited the metabolic activation of carcinogens by cytochrome P450s, enzymes with the function of metabolized potentially toxic compounds.
Taking together, the intake of cruciferous vegetables has a potential health benefit against environmental toxins that initiates the early onset of cancers. But due to the small size of the sample, further studies are necessary to address the veggie's anti cancers possibility.
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Author Biography
Kyle J. Norton (Scholar, Master of Nutrition, All right reserved)
Health article writer and researcher; Over 10.000 articles and research papers have been written and published online, including worldwide health, ezine articles, article base, health blog, self-growth, best before it's news, the Karate GB Daily, etc.,.
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Some articles have been used as references in medical research, such as the international journal Pharma and Bioscience, ISSN 0975-6299.
Sources
(1) Chemoprotection by sulforaphane: keep one eye beyond Keap1 by Myzak MC1, Dashwood RH.(PubMed)
(2) The antioxidant properties of organosulfur compounds (sulforaphane) by de Figueiredo SM1, Binda NS, Nogueira-Machado JA, Vieira-Filho SA, Caligiorne RB.(PubMed)
(3) Role of 4-hydroxynonenal in chemopreventive activities of sulforaphane by Sharma R1, Sharma A, Chaudhary P, Sahu M, Jaiswal S, Awasthi S, Awasthi YC.(PubMed)
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