Thursday, 24 March 2022

Omega-3 Fatty Acids Inhibit Parameters induced by Diabetes in Vivo

By Kyle J. Norton

Diabetes is a chronic condition caused by insufficient insulin entering the bloodstream to regulate the glucose.

In other words, diabetes occurs when cells in the pancreas dying off or receptor sites clogged up by fat and cholesterol. In some cases, diabetes is also caused by allergic reactions of cells in the immune system.

Most common types of diabetes are
* Type 1 diabetes, also known as juvenile diabetes or insulin-dependent diabetes, the most common form diabetes found in children is a condition in which the pancreas does not produce any insulin. The most common form of type 1 diabetes is caused by genetic mutation and some viruses.

As of today, there is no cure for type 1 diabetes. Treatment is focusing on managing blood sugar levels with insulin injection, diet, and lifestyle change.

* Type 2 diabetes is a medical condition characterized by insufficient insulin entering the bloodstream to regulate the glucose due to either cell in pancreas dying off or receptor sites clogged up by fat and cholesterol.

The most common symptoms of type 2 diabetes are an increased thirst that won't stop with water intake, increased hunger (especially after eating), dry mouth, frequent urination, and unintentional weight loss.

* Gestational diabetes is a form of diabetes that can occur during pregnancy, affecting between 3% and 20% of pregnant women.

Women with gestational diabetes are at an increased risk of type 2 diabetes in later life.

Hyperglycemia, a medical condition of abnormally high blood glucose, is a major concern, in people with both type 1 and type 2 diabetes.

Omega-3 fatty acids are phytochemicals in the class of lipids, found abundantly in deepsea fisk, dark-green leafy vegetables, grains, legumes, nuts, etc.

The three main components of Omega-3 fatty acids are alpha-linolenic acid (ALA), eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA), and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA).

On finding a potential phytochemical for the treatment of diseases associated with oxidative stress, researchers examined the antioxidant activity of Omega 3 fatty acid used in a combination with metformin (Met) in diabetic rats.

The study included 50 rats induced diabetes by the administration of streptozotocin, 15 min after the administration of nicotinamide with ten animals per group divided into the following: Control; Diabetic untreated; Diabetic + ω-3; Diabetic + metformin (metfm) and Diabetic + ω-3 + metf groups for 28 days.

Diabetes rats before treatment showed a significant increase of calcium to phosphorus ratio, tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase (TRAP), glucose and insulin resistance, and decrease of parathyroid hormone(PTH), phosphorus, total antioxidant capacity (TAC), and hepatic glycogen.

ω-3 or metformin single treatment caused significant elevations in hepatic glycogen, total alkaline phosphatase (TALP), osteocalcin, PTH, estradiol, and calcium; however, significant decreases in TRAP and glucose.

Co-administration of ω-3 and metformin caused more desirable effects on TALP, c-terminal telopeptide of type 1 collagen, estradiol, and calcium to phosphorus ratio compared to the single administration.

In other words, co-administration restored the parameter changes induced by the injection of streptozotocin-induced diabetes in tested rats.

Based on the findings, researchers said, "the combined but not the single administration of ω-3 and metformin could be preferably used in the management of bone health in the diabetic state"

Taken altogether, Omega-3 fatty acids used in a combination with other conventional medicines may be considered a functional food for the prevention and treatment of type 2 diabetes, pending the confirmation of the larger sample size and multicenter human study.

Intake of Omega-3 fatty acids in the form of supplements should be taken with extreme care to prevent overdose acute liver toxicity.


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Author Biography
Kyle J. Norton (Scholar, Master of Nutrition, All right reserved)
Health article writer and researcher; Over 10.000 articles and research papers have been written and published online, including worldwide health, ezine articles, article base, health blogs, self-growth, best before it's news, the karate GB daily, etc.,.
Named TOP 50 MEDICAL ESSAYS FOR ARTISTS & AUTHORS TO READ by Disilgold.com Named 50 of the best health Tweeters Canada - Huffington Post
Nominated for shorty award over last 4 years
Some articles have been used as references in medical research, such as international journal Pharma and Bioscience, ISSN 0975-6299.

Sources
(1) Co-administration of omega-3 fatty acids and metformin showed more desirable effects than the single therapy on indices of bone mineralisation but not gluco-regulatory and antioxidant markers in diabetic rats by Adeyemi WJ1, Olayaki LA2, Abdussalam TA3, Fabiyi TO2, Raji TL2, Adetunji AA. (PubMed)

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