Tuesday, 21 June 2016

Most Common Disease of 50plus: The Clinical trials and Studies of Musculo-Skeletal disorders(MSDs) - Fibromyalgia -The Anti inflammatory Antioxidants - DLPA (dl- phenylalanine)

Kyle J. Norton(Scholar, Master of Nutrients), all right reserved.
Health article writer and researcher; Over 10.000 articles and research papers have been written and published on line, including world wide health, ezine articles, article base, healthblogs, selfgrowth, best before it's news, the karate GB daily, etc.,.
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Some articles have been used as references in medical research, such as international journal Pharma and Bio science, ISSN 0975-6299.

Musculoskeletal disorders (MSDs) are  medical condition mostly caused by work related occupations and working environment, affecting patients’ muscles, joints, tendons, ligaments and nerves and developing over time. A community sample of 73 females and 32 males aged 85 and over underwent a standardised examination at home. Musculoskeletal pain was reported by 57% of those interviewed(1).

      Types of Musculo-Skeletal disorders in elder

1. Osteoarthritis
2. Gout
3. Rheumatoid Arthritis
4. Polymalagia Arthritis
5. Cervical myleopathy and spinal canal stenosis
6. Osteoporosis
7. Low back pain
8. Fibromyalgia

                                                      Fibromyalgia

Fibromyalgia, according to the American College of Rheumatology 1990 Criteria for the Classification of Fibromyalgia in the newly proposed criteria for the classification of fibromyalgia are 1) widespread pain in combination with 2) tenderness at 11 or more of the 18 specific tender point sites(a) as a result in responding to pressure.

The Antioxidants

Free radicals are atoms, molecules, or ions with unpaired electrons through chemical bonds with other atoms or molecules during a chemical reaction. They may have positive, negative or zero charge.

Free Radicals play an important role in the function of the Immune System. The immune system produces free radicals to kill foreign microbes(152)(153), but the production of free radical sometime can be excessive, leading to formation of a large number of free radicals(154)(155). The domino effects have shown to induce many chronic illness, such as cancers(155).
Furthermore, free radicals also displays over expression of oxidative stress, inducing varies form of chronic illness including metabolic syndrome(156).

           The  Anti inflammatory Antioxidants

Anti inflammatory Antioxidants play an critical role in induction of oxidative stress in the pathogenesis of a number of disorders inflammation, Fibromyalgia , rheumatoid arthritis, asthma, psoriasis and contact dermatitis(176),

2. DLPA (dl- phenylalanine)
DLPA, a mixture of D-Phenylalanine and L-Phenylalanine, is a nutritional supplement amino acid. Taltirelin, a thyrotropin-releasing hormone analog, showed effectively to relieve inflammatory persistent pain through iots antiallodynic action(182).
Dr. Bai Y and colleagues at the China Medical University, 4-Chloro-DL-phenylalanine, a derivative of DLPA inhibited metalloproteinase (TIMP)-1 and TIMP-2 in in response to many cytokines and hormones , including inflammatory cytokines in reduced pulmonary vascular remodeling and lunginflammatio(183).
Dr. Ehrenpreis S. in the study of D-phenylalanine and other enkephalinase inhibitors, said, "
D-phenylalanine, is also anti-inflammatory. D-phenylalanine has proven to be beneficial in many human patients with chronic, intractable pain" and "... may alleviate other conditions associated with decreased endorphin levels such as opiate withdrawal symptoms"(184).

(181) Sulfur in human nutrition and applications in medicine by Parcell S1.(PubMed)
(182) Taltirelin, a thyrotropin-releasing hormone analog, alleviates mechanical allodynia through activation of descending monoaminergic neurons in persistent inflammatory pain by Eto K1, Kim SK, Nabekura J, Ishibashi H.(PubMed)
(183) 4-Chloro-DL-phenylalanine protects against monocrotaline‑induced pulmonary vascular remodeling and lunginflammation by Bai Y1, Wang HM1, Liu M1, Wang Y1, Lian GC1, Zhang XH1, Kang J2, Wang HL1.(PubMed)
(184) D-phenylalanine and other enkephalinase inhibitors as pharmacological agents: implications for some important therapeutic application by Ehrenpreis S.(PubMed)


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