#Coffee Intake Regualrly Is Associated with A Reduced Risk of Stroke, Particularly in Women

Kyle J. Norton


Coffee, second to green tea is a popular and social beverage all over the world, particularly in the West, made from roast beans from the Coffea plant, native to tropical Africa and Madagascar.

A stroke is a medical condition characterized by interrupted blood supply, thus reducing oxygen and nutrients delivery to the brain, resulting in the death of brain cells.


Intake of coffee and coffee caffeine may have a profound effect in reducing the risk of stroke incidence, a renowned institute study suggested.

In a third National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (1988-1994; NHANES III) data to examine coffee consumption and stroke with participants aged ≥17 years old, researchers found that
coffee intake of this population showed a significant inverse association with stroke risk incidence, regardless of smoking status.

Interestingly, the study also discovered that frequent coffee drinkers displayed a lower occurrence of heart failure, diabetes, and hypertension but the risk of high cholesterol for those consuming ≥3 cups per day.

Dr. Liebeskind DS, the lead author said, "Heavier daily coffee consumption is associated with decreased stroke prevalence" and ". Multivariate analyses revealed an independent effect of heavier coffee consumption (≥3 cups/day) on reduced stroke".

Furthermore, in an analyzed data from a prospective cohort of 83,076 women in the Nurses' Health Study without a history of stroke, coronary heart disease, diabetes, or cancer at baseline, with coffee consumption assessed first in 1980, then repeatedly every 2 to 4 years, and follow-up through 2004, researchers at the Harvard School of Public Health filed the following results

1. The relative risk ratio of stroke in participants coffee consumption (<1 cup per month, 1 per month to 4 per week, 5 to 7 per week, 2 to 3 per day, and >or=4 per day) were 1, 0.98, 0.88, 0.81, and 0.80 repetitively.
2. Intake of coffee and coffee caffeine daily and regularly showed a significantly positive effect in reduced stroke risk after taking into account other favors, including high blood pressure, hypercholesterolemia, and type 2 diabetes.
3. Risk of stroke is also associated stronger correlation among never and past smokers (RR for >or=4 cups a day versus <1 cup a month, 0.57) than among current smokers (RR for >or=4 cups a day versus <1 cup a month, 0.97).
4. Decaffeinated coffee intake also was associated with a trend in a lower risk of stroke after adjustment for caffeinated coffee consumption.

5. Caffeine consumption of other beverages is not associated with risk or reduced risk of stroke.
The findings suggested that long-term coffee consumption was not associated with the risk of stroke but modestly reduced the risk of stroke.


Promisingly, an Asian study of data obtained from the Health Examinees (HEXA) study, involving 146,830 individuals aged 40-69 years demonstrated that high coffee consumption was associated with a 38% lower odds ratio for stroke in women compared to (none drinkers vs. ≥ 3 cups/day drinkers in women but not in men.

The expression of coffee intake in reduced risk of stroke was also found greater in women who are healthy, younger, non-obese, non-hypertensive, non-diabetic, non-smokers, and non-alcohol drinkers.


Taken together, there is no doubt that the intake of coffee daily and regularly has a remarkable effect on the reduced risk of stroke, particularly in women.


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Author Biography
Kyle J. Norton, Master of Nutrients
Health article writer and researcher; Over 10,000 articles and research papers have been written and published online, including worldwide health, ezine articles, article base, healthblogs, selfgrowth, Best Before it's news, the Karate GB Daily, etc.,.
Named TOP 50 MEDICAL ESSAYS FOR ARTISTS & AUTHORS TO READ by Disilgold.com Named 50 of the best health Tweeters Canada - Huffington Post
Nominated for Shorty Award over last 4 years
Some articles have been used as references in medical research, such as the international journal Pharma and Bio Science, ISSN 0975-6299.

Sources
(1) The coffee paradox in stroke: Increased consumption linked with fewer strokes by Liebeskind DS1, Sanossian N2, Fu KA2, Wang HJ3, Arab L4(PubMed)
(2) Coffee consumption and risk of stroke in women by Lopez-Garcia E1, Rodriguez-Artalejo F, Rexrode KM, Logroscino G, Hu FB, van Dam RM.(PubMed)