Phytochemical Tocopherols Protects the Skin Against UVB-Induced Skin Damage

By Kyle J. Norton

Skin is the largest organ in the body with function to protect the internal organs and tissue against foreign organisms infection, leading organs and tissue injury and damage.

It also is the third organ behind the liver and kidney to eliminate body toxins if the first 2 fails to cleanse them all.

Skin diseases are conditions of skin damage and classified according to each pathogenic cause.

Most cases of skin disease are involved in allergens, irritants. However certain medical conditions such as irritable bowel disease, autoimmune diseases, and genetic preposition can also cause r skin diseases.

Recent studies suggested that a poor diet is also associated with the onset of skin diseases such as dermatological disease which may be linked to systemic disease, and dietary changes which may affect health outcomes, as in psoriasis. 

Photodamage is a type of skin damage caused by long-term exposure to the sunlight or tanning bed.

Photodamage skin is one most common form of skin damage in the US, due to misunderstanding the benefits and adverse effects on light exposure.

Believe it or not, a quarter of lifetime sun exposure occurs before the end of the teenage years. Most cases of photo skin damage can also stimulate some unwanted skin conditions, including advanced aging or wrinkling, uneven skin, hyperpigmentation, telangiectasias, actinic keratoses liver, and age spots.

In severe cases, long-term photodamage skin can also lead to skin cancer. More people in the US are diagnosed with skin cancer each year than all other cancers combined.
According to the statistic, 1 in 5 Americans will develop skin cancer by the age of 70.

Conventionally, most cases of early-stage and mild damage of skin are treated by topical Levulan that remove scaly patches of actinic keratoses from your skin.

UVB-induced skin damage is a condition of skin damage caused by overexposure to UVB.

Tocopherols are phytochemicals of which many have vitamin E activity, belonging to the group of Lipids, found abundantly in butter, egg yolk, milk fat, some vegetable, and seed or nut oils, etc.

On finding a potential phytochemical for the treatment of skin diseases, researchers examined the protective capacity of alpha-tocopherol and beta-carotene during UVA and UVB irradiation of human melanocytes in vitro.

According to the primary cultures of normal human melanocytes irradiated by different wavelengths within the UV spectrum (UVA 6 J cm(-2), UVB 60 mJ cm(-2)),

* UVA and UVB irradiation decreased the intracellular concentration of reduced glutathione associated with an antioxidant enzyme produced by the host and activated the transcription factor nuclear factor (NF)-kappaB, involved in the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines.

Furthermore, UVA and UVB irradiation increased the level of the p65 subunit in the activation of the potential of NF-kappa Band translocation to the nucleus.

Moreover, UVA and UVB caused apoptotic cell death as detected by nuclear fragmentation and caspase activation 24 h postirradiation.

Pretreatment with alpha-tocopherol prevented UVA- and UVB-induced glutathione loss, NF-kappaB translocation, and diminished apoptosis. However, beta-carotene did not show a similar protective capacity. Further, exposure to alpha-tocopherol by itself reduced cell proliferation rate.

Based on the results, researchers said, "UVA and UVB irradiation affected the intracellular redox state and increased the frequency of apoptosis in human melanocytes in vitro. alpha-Tocopherol might be a useful substance in protecting melanocytes from UV-induced damage".

Taken altogether, tocopherols may be considered a supplement for the treatment of UVB-induced skin damage, pending to the confirmation of the larger sample size and multicenter human study.

Intake of tocopherols in the form of supplements should be taken with extreme care to prevent overdose acute liver toxicity.


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Author Biography
Kyle J. Norton (Scholar, Master of Nutrition, All right reserved)
Health article writer and researcher; Over 10.000 articles and research papers have been written and published online, including worldwide health, ezine articles, article base, health blogs, self-growth, best before it's news, the karate GB daily, etc.,.
Named TOP 50 MEDICAL ESSAYS FOR ARTISTS & AUTHORS TO READ by Disilgold.com Named 50 of the best health Tweeters Canada - Huffington Post
Nominated for shorty award over last 4 years
Some articles have been used as references in medical research, such as international journal Pharma and Bioscience, ISSN 0975-6299.

Sources
(1) Ultraviolet (UV)A- and UVB-induced redox alterations and activation of nuclear factor-kappaB in human melanocytes-protective effects of alpha-tocopherol by Larsson P1, Ollinger K, Rosdahl I. (PubMed)